https://wiki.archlinux.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Andrej+cool&feedformat=atomArchWiki - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T23:17:25ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.41.0https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_build_system&diff=152198Arch build system2011-08-16T15:18:45Z<p>Andrej cool: Install & uninstall syset-wide as root</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:About Arch (English)]]<br />
[[Category:Package development (English)]]<br />
[[Category:Package management (English)]]<br />
{{i18n|Arch Build System}}<br />
<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|The Arch Build System is a ports-like system for building and packaging software from source code. This article includes a general overview of the ABS followed by detailed usage instructions.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Package management overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|ABS FAQ}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|Arch Packaging Standards}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|Creating Packages}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|Kernel Compilation with ABS}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
This article provides an overview of the Arch Build System along with a walkthrough for beginners. It is not a complete reference guide! For a quick and simple introduction to the ABS, see the [[ABS FAQ]]. If you need more information, please reference the man pages.<br />
<br />
== What is the Arch Build System? ==<br />
<br />
The Arch Build System, '''ABS''' for short, is a ''ports-like'' system for building and packaging software from source code. While [[pacman]] is the specialized Arch tool for binary package management (including packages built with the ABS), ABS is a collection of tools for compiling source into installable {{Filename|.pkg.tar.gz/.pkg.tar.xz}} packages.<br />
<br />
=== What is a ports-like system? ===<br />
<br />
''Ports'' is a system used by *BSD to automate the process of building software from source code. The system uses a ''port'' to download, unpack, patch, compile, and install the given software. A ''port'' is merely a small directory on the user's computer, named after the corresponding software to be installed, that contains a few files with the instructions for building and installing the software from source. This makes installing software as simple as typing {{Codeline|make}} or {{Codeline|make install clean}} within the port's directory.<br />
<br />
=== '''ABS''' is a similar concept ===<br />
<br />
ABS is made up of a directory tree (the ABS tree) residing under {{Filename|/var/abs}}. This tree contains many subdirectories, each within a category and each named by their respective package. This tree represents (but does not contain) all ''official Arch software'', retrievable through the SVN system. You may refer to each package-named subdirectory as an 'ABS', much the way one would refer to a 'port'. These ABS (or subdirectories) do not contain the software package nor the source but rather a [[PKGBUILD]] file (and sometimes other files). A PKGBUILD is a simple BASH build script -- a text file containing the compilation and packaging instructions as well as the URL of the appropriate '''source''' tarball to be downloaded. (The most important component of ABS are PKGBUILDs.) By issuing the ABS [[makepkg]] command, the software is first compiled and then ''packaged'' within the build directory before being installed. Now you may use [[pacman]], the Arch Linux package manager, to install, upgrade, and remove your new package.<br />
<br />
=== ABS overview ===<br />
<br />
'ABS' may be used as an umbrella term since it includes and relies on several other components; therefore, though not technically accurate, 'ABS' can refer to the following tools as a complete toolkit:<br />
<br />
; ABS tree: The ABS directory structure; an SVN hierarchy under {{Filename|/var/abs/}} on your (local) machine. It contains many subdirectories, named for all available official Arch Linux software from repositories specified in {{Filename|/etc/abs.conf}}, but not the packages themselves. The tree is created after installing the <code>abs</code> package with pacman and subsequently running the <code>abs</code> script.<br />
<br />
; [[PKGBUILD]]s: A BASH script that contains the URL of the source code along with the compilation and packaging instructions.<br />
<br />
; [[makepkg]]: ABS shell command tool which reads the PKGBUILDs, automatically downloads and compiles the sources and creates a {{Filename|.pkg.tar.gz}} or {{Filename|.pkg.tar.xz}}, according to the {{Codeline|PKGEXT}} array in {{Filename|makepkg.conf}}.<br />
<br />
; [[pacman]]: pacman is completely separate, but is necessarily invoked either by makepkg or manually, to install and remove the built packages and for fetching dependencies.<br />
<br />
; [[AUR]]: The Arch User Repository is separate from ABS but AUR (unsupported) PKGBUILDs are built using makepkg to compile and package up software. In contrast to the ABS tree on your local machine, the AUR exists as a website interface. It contains many thousands of user-contributed PKGBUILDs for software which is unavailable as an official Arch package. If you need to build a package outside the official Arch tree, chances are it is in the AUR.<br />
<br />
== Why would I want to use ABS? ==<br />
<br />
The Arch Build System is used to:<br />
* Compile or recompile a package, for any reason<br />
* Make and install new packages from source of software for which no packages are yet available (see [[Creating Packages]]) <br />
* Customize existing packages to fit your needs (enabling or disabling options, patching)<br />
* Rebuild your entire system using your compiler flags, "a la FreeBSD" (e.g. with [[pacbuilder]])<br />
* Cleanly build and install your own custom kernel (see [[Custom Kernel Compilation with ABS]] as well as [[Kernel Compilation]])<br />
* Get kernel modules working with your custom kernel<br />
* Easily compile and install a newer, older, beta, or development version of an Arch package by editing the version number in the PKGBUILD<br />
<br />
ABS is not necessary to use Arch Linux, but it is useful for automating certain tasks of source compilation.<br />
<br />
== Walkthrough ==<br />
<br />
''With the '''ABS tree''' in place, an Arch user has all available Arch software at their fingertips to compile from source, automatically package as a {{Filename|.pkg.tar.gz}} or {{Filename|.pkg.tar.xz}}, and finally, install with pacman.''<br />
<br />
=== Quick overview ===<br />
<br />
Install the ABS package with {{Codeline|pacman -S abs}}. Running {{Codeline|abs}} as root creates the ABS tree by synchronizing with the Arch Linux server. If you wanted to build a package from source you would copy the build files (usually residing under {{Filename|/var/abs/<repo>/<pkgname>}}) to a build directory, navigate to that directory, edit the PKGBUILD (if desired/necessary) and do '''makepkg'''. According to instructions in the PKGBUILD, makepkg will download the appropriate source tarball, unpack it, patch if desired, compile according to CFLAGS specified in {{Filename|makepkg.conf}}, and finally compress the built files into a package with the extension {{Filename|.pkg.tar.gz}} or {{Filename|.pkg.tar.xz}}. PKGBUILDs may be customized to suit your unique configuration needs, or for applying patches. Installing is as easy as doing {{Codeline|pacman -U <.pkg.tar.xz file>}}. Package removal is also handled by pacman.<br />
<br />
You may also use makepkg to make your own custom packages from the [[AUR]] or third-party sources. (See the [[Creating Packages]] wiki article.)<br />
<br />
=== Details ===<br />
<br />
To use abs, you first need to install '''abs''' from the [extra] repository. This can be done simply by:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S abs<br />
<br />
This will grab the abs-sync scripts, various build scipts, and [[rsync]] (as a dependency, if you don't already have it).<br />
<br />
Before you can actually build anything, however, you will also need to grab basic compiling tools. These are handily collected in the package group '''base-devel'''. This group can be installed with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S base-devel<br />
<br />
{{Warning | Remember this before complaining about missing (make)dependencies. The "base" group is assumed already installed in all Arch setups. The group "base-devel" is assumed already installed when building with makepkg.}}<br />
<br />
=== {{Filename|/etc/abs.conf}} ===<br />
<br />
As root, edit {{Filename|/etc/abs.conf}} to include your desired repositories:<br />
<br />
# vim /etc/abs.conf<br />
<br />
or:<br />
<br />
# nano /etc/abs.conf<br />
<br />
Remove the ! in front of the appropriate repos, e.g.:<br />
<br />
REPOS=(core extra community !testing)<br />
<br />
=== Download the ABS tree ===<br />
<br />
As root, run:<br />
<br />
# abs<br />
<br />
Your ABS tree is now created under {{Filename|/var/abs}}. Note the appropriate branches of the ABS tree now exist and correspond to the ones you specified in {{Filename|/etc/abs.conf}}. <br />
<br />
The abs command should be run periodically to keep in sync with the official repositories. Individual ABS package files can also be downloaded with:<br />
<br />
# abs <repository>/<package><br />
<br />
=== {{Filename|/etc/makepkg.conf}} ===<br />
<br />
{{Filename|/etc/makepkg.conf}} specifies global environment variables and compiler flags which you may wish to edit if you are using an SMP system, or to specify other desired optimizations. The default settings are for i686 and x86_64 optimizations which will work fine for those architectures on single-CPU systems. (The defaults will work on SMP machines, but will only use one core/CPU when compiling -- see [[makepkg.conf]].)<br />
<br />
=== The ABS tree ===<br />
<br />
When you run {{Codeline|abs}} for the first time, it synchronizes the ABS tree on the Arch Linux server to your computer. The ABS tree is an SVN directory hierarchy located under {{Filename|/var/abs}} and looks like this:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
| -- core/<br />
| || -- base/<br />
| || || -- acl/<br />
| || || || -- PKGBUILD<br />
| || || -- attr/<br />
| || || || -- PKGBUILD<br />
| || || -- ...<br />
| || -- devel/<br />
| || || -- abs/<br />
| || || || -- PKGBUILD<br />
| || || -- autoconf/<br />
| || || || -- PKGBUILD<br />
| || || -- ...<br />
| || -- ...<br />
| -- extra/<br />
| || -- daemons/<br />
| || || -- acpid/<br />
| || || || -- PKGBUILD<br />
| || || || -- ...<br />
| || || -- apache/<br />
| || || || -- ...<br />
| || || -- ...<br />
| || -- ...<br />
| -- community/<br />
| || -- ...<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The ABS tree has exactly the same structure as the package database:<br />
<br />
* First-level: Category directories<br />
* Second-level: Package name directories<br />
* Third level: PKGBUILD (contains information needed to build a package) and other related files (patches, other files needed for building the package)<br />
<br />
The source code for the package is not present in the ABS directory. Instead, the '''PKGBUILD''' file contains a URL that will download the source code when the package is built.<br />
<br />
=== Create a build directory ===<br />
<br />
It is recommended to create a build directory where the actual compiling will take place; you should never modify the ABS tree by building within it, as data will be lost (overwritten) on each ABS update. It is good practice to use your home directory, though some Arch users prefer to create a 'local' directory under {{Filename|/var/abs/}}, owned by a normal user. <br />
<br />
Create your build directory. e.g.:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir -p $HOME/abs<br />
<br />
Copy the ABS from the tree ({{Filename|/var/abs/branch/category/pkgname}}) to the build directory, {{Filename|/path/to/build/dir}}.<br />
<br />
{{Note | The first download of the abs tree is the biggest, then only minor updates are needed. Don't be afraid about the data to download if you've got only a 56K connection; it's only text files and is compressed during the transfer. For example, as of November 24, 2009, the abs tree that includes core, extra and community repositories is a ~16MB download (~56MB on disk).}}<br />
<br />
=== Traditional method of compiling software, without ABS ===<br />
<br />
If you are not familiar with manually compiling software from source, you should know that most packages (but not all) can be built from source in this '''traditional way''':<br />
<br />
* Download source tarball from remote server, using web browser, ftp, wget or alternate method.<br />
<br />
* Decompress the source file:<br />
$ tar -xzf foo-0.99.tar.gz<br />
or<br />
$ tar -xjf foo-0.99.tar.bz2<br />
<br />
* Enter the directory:<br />
$ cd foo-0.99<br />
<br />
* Configure the package. Generally, there is a script called {{Filename|configure}} in the source directory that is used to configure the package (add or remove support for things, choose the install destination, etc.) and check that your computer has all the software needed by the package. It can be run by:<br />
$ ./configure [option]<br />
<br />
You should first try the help to better understand how it works:<br />
$ ./configure --help<br />
<br />
If a {{Codeline|--prefix}} option is not passed to the script, ''most'' scripts will use {{Filename|/usr/local}} as the install path, but others will use {{Filename|/usr}}. For the sake of consistency, it is generally advised to pass the {{Codeline|1=--prefix=/usr/local}} option. It is good practice to install personal programs in {{Filename|/usr/local}}, and to have the ones being managed by the distro in {{Filename|/usr}}. This ensures personal program versions can coexist with those being managed by the distro's package manager -- in Arch's case, ''pacman''.<br />
$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local<br />
<br />
* Compile the sources:<br />
<br />
$ make<br />
<br />
* Install as root:<br />
<br />
# make install<br />
<br />
* Removal would be accomplished by entering the source directory and running as root:<br />
<br />
# make uninstall<br />
<br />
However, you should always read the {{Filename|INSTALL}} file to know how the package should be built and installed! '''Not all packages use the <code>configure; make; make install</code> system!'''<br />
<br />
{{Note | The above traditional method of compiling source tarballs can, of course, still be used on Arch Linux. However, if you are not careful, files may become scattered throughout the filesystem that pacman (or any other package manager) will be unaware of. You should only use this method if you are experienced at manual compilation and system software tracking, as it can lead to future problems on Arch (or any distribution) if using a package manager.}}<br />
<br />
=== The build function, the ABS way ===<br />
<br />
ABS is an elegant tool which allows for powerful assistance and customization for the build process and creates a ''pacman-trackable'' package file for installation. The ABS method involves copying an ABS from the tree to a build directory, and doing makepkg. In our example, we will build the ''slim'' display manager package.<br />
<br />
Copy the slim ABS from the ABS tree to a build directory:<br />
$ cp -r /var/abs/extra/slim/ ~/abs<br />
<br />
Navigate to the build directory:<br />
$ cd ~/abs/slim<br />
<br />
Modify the PKGBUILD to add or remove support for components, to patch or to change package versions, etc. (optional):<br />
$ nano PKGBUILD<br />
<br />
Run makepkg as normal user (with {{Codeline|-s}} switch to install with automatic dependency handling):<br />
$ makepkg -s<br />
<br />
Install as root:<br />
# pacman -U slim-1.3.0-2-i686.pkg.tar.xz<br />
<br />
That's it. You have just built slim from source and cleanly installed it to your system with pacman. Package removal is also handled by pacman -- ({{Codeline|pacman -R slim}}).<br />
<br />
Essentially, the same steps are being executed as described in the traditional method (generally including the <code>./configure, make, make install</code> steps) but the software is installed into a ''fake root'' environment. (A ''fake root'' is simply a subdirectory within the build directory that functions and behaves as the system's root directory. In conjunction with the '''''fakeroot''''' program, makepkg creates a fake root directory, and installs the compiled binaries and associated files into it, with '''root''' as owner.) The ''fake root'', or subdirectory tree containing the compiled software, is then compressed into an archive with the extension {{Filename|.pkg.tar.xz}}, or a ''package''. When invoked, pacman then extracts the package (installs it) into the system's real root directory ({{Filename|/}}).<br />
<br />
''The ABS method adds a level of convenience and automation, while still maintaining complete transparency and control of the build and installation functions by including them in the PKGBUILD.''</div>Andrej coolhttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Main_page_(%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9)&diff=150636Main page (Русский)2011-08-04T09:44:27Z<p>Andrej cool: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Русский]] __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <br />
{{i18n|Main Page}}<br />
<!-- after translation is finished, please contact damir@archlinux.org, thank you! --><br />
<br />
'''Добро пожаловать в wiki-раздел дистрибутива [[ArchLinux (Русский)|Arch Linux]] - Ваш сетевой источник документации по Arch Linux.'''<br />
<br />
Посетите [[Table_of_Contents_(Русский)|Содержание]] для того, чтобы увидеть список категорий ArchWiki.<br />
Вы также можете посмотреть: '''[[:Category:Pages sorted by topic (Русский)|Страницы по разделам]]''' и '''[[:Category:Pages sorted by type (Русский)|Страницы по типу]]'''.<br />
<br />
<br />
==С чего начать?==<br />
Следующие ссылки будут полезными для тех, кто хочет начать работать в Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
<div style="float: left; margin-right: 1%; width: 49%"><br />
; [[Arch Linux (Русский)|Arch Linux]]: Краткий обзор Arch Linux; в этом разделе описывается то, что можно увидеть в Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[The Arch Way (Русский)|Путь Arch Linux]]: Описание принципов и философии Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[Arch Compared to Other Distributions (Русский)|Сравнение дистрибутивов]]: Описание сходств и различий между Arch Linux и другими дистрибутивами Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[Getting Involved (Русский)|Принять участие]]: Описание различных путей Arch-пользователей (как новых, так и опытных) для внесения вклада в сообщество Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[Forum Etiquette (Русский)|Этикет на форуме]]: Описание этикета поведения для пользователей форума Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[ArchWiki Tutorial (Русский)|Мануал по ArchWiki]]: Небольшой мануал по редактированию и содержанию wiki-раздела Arch Linux.<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div style="float: left; width: 50%"><br />
; [[Beginners' Guide (Русский)|Быстрый старт]]: Руководство по установке и настройке Arch Linux; это руководство написано для новых и пока еще неопытных пользователей.<br />
<br />
; [[Official Arch Linux Install Guide (Русский)|Официальное руководство]]: Более общая документация по установке; предполагается, что пользователи имеют опыт работы в UNIX/GNU/Linux системах.<br />
<br />
; [[FAQ (Русский)|ЧаВо]]: Список самых часто задаваемых вопросов.<br />
<br />
; [[General Recommendations (Русский)| Рекомендации]]: Список других популярных статей и рекомендаций.<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div style="clear: both"></div> <!-- prevent spillage --><br />
<br />
== Новости wiki ==<br />
Просмотрите страницу [[Wiki News|Новостей wiki]], чтобы увидеть последние изменения.<br />
<br />
Если Вы хотите и можете внести свой вклад в wiki-раздел, посмотрите [[Getting Involved (Русский)#Wiki|этот список]] идей.<br />
<br />
== Переводы ==<br />
Предпочитаете читать статьи на своем родном языке? Нажмите [[Help:i18n#Languages|сюда]] для просмотра доступных переводов и другой информации.<br />
<br />
== Помощь ==<br />
Если Вы ищите специфическую информацию, воспользуйтесь формой поиска слева. Или же Вы можете пользоваться поиском [http://www.google.com/ Google] по сайту, например, ввести <tt>site:wiki.archlinux.org</tt> перед поисковым запросом.<br />
<br />
Для редактирования статей из wiki Вы должны создать аккаунт. После того, как аккаунт создан, Вы можете потренироваться в [[Sandbox|Песочнице]] или в Вашей пользовательской странице для ознакомления с используемой разметкой. Доступный синтаксис Вы можете просмотреть в [[:Category:ArchWiki Help (Русский)|разделе Помощь Wiki]] вместе с другими полезными ресурсами.</div>Andrej coolhttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Main_page_(%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9)&diff=150635Main page (Русский)2011-08-04T09:43:33Z<p>Andrej cool: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Русский]] __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <br />
{{i18n|Main Page}}<br />
<!-- after translation is finished, please contact damir@archlinux.org, thank you! --><br />
<br />
'''Добро пожаловать в wiki-раздел дистрибутива [[ArchLinux (Русский)|Arch Linux]] - Ваш источник документации по Arch Linux в сети.'''<br />
<br />
Посетите [[Table_of_Contents_(Русский)|Содержание]] для того, чтобы увидеть список категорий ArchWiki.<br />
Вы также можете посмотреть: '''[[:Category:Pages sorted by topic (Русский)|Страницы по разделам]]''' и '''[[:Category:Pages sorted by type (Русский)|Страницы по типу]]'''.<br />
<br />
<br />
==С чего начать?==<br />
Следующие ссылки будут полезными для тех, кто хочет начать работать в Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
<div style="float: left; margin-right: 1%; width: 49%"><br />
; [[Arch Linux (Русский)|Arch Linux]]: Краткий обзор Arch Linux; в этом разделе описывается то, что можно увидеть в Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[The Arch Way (Русский)|Путь Arch Linux]]: Описание принципов и философии Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[Arch Compared to Other Distributions (Русский)|Сравнение дистрибутивов]]: Описание сходств и различий между Arch Linux и другими дистрибутивами Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[Getting Involved (Русский)|Принять участие]]: Описание различных путей Arch-пользователей (как новых, так и опытных) для внесения вклада в сообщество Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[Forum Etiquette (Русский)|Этикет на форуме]]: Описание этикета поведения для пользователей форума Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[ArchWiki Tutorial (Русский)|Мануал по ArchWiki]]: Небольшой мануал по редактированию и содержанию wiki-раздела Arch Linux.<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div style="float: left; width: 50%"><br />
; [[Beginners' Guide (Русский)|Быстрый старт]]: Руководство по установке и настройке Arch Linux; это руководство написано для новых и пока еще неопытных пользователей.<br />
<br />
; [[Official Arch Linux Install Guide (Русский)|Официальное руководство]]: Более общая документация по установке; предполагается, что пользователи имеют опыт работы в UNIX/GNU/Linux системах.<br />
<br />
; [[FAQ (Русский)|ЧаВо]]: Список самых часто задаваемых вопросов.<br />
<br />
; [[General Recommendations (Русский)| Рекомендации]]: Список других популярных статей и рекомендаций.<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div style="clear: both"></div> <!-- prevent spillage --><br />
<br />
== Новости wiki ==<br />
Просмотрите страницу [[Wiki News|Новостей wiki]], чтобы увидеть последние изменения.<br />
<br />
Если Вы хотите и можете внести свой вклад в wiki-раздел, посмотрите [[Getting Involved (Русский)#Wiki|этот список]] идей.<br />
<br />
== Переводы ==<br />
Предпочитаете читать статьи на своем родном языке? Нажмите [[Help:i18n#Languages|сюда]] для просмотра доступных переводов и другой информации.<br />
<br />
== Помощь ==<br />
Если Вы ищите специфическую информацию, воспользуйтесь формой поиска слева. Или же Вы можете пользоваться поиском [http://www.google.com/ Google] по сайту, например, ввести <tt>site:wiki.archlinux.org</tt> перед поисковым запросом.<br />
<br />
Для редактирования статей из wiki Вы должны создать аккаунт. После того, как аккаунт создан, Вы можете потренироваться в [[Sandbox|Песочнице]] или в Вашей пользовательской странице для ознакомления с используемой разметкой. Доступный синтаксис Вы можете просмотреть в [[:Category:ArchWiki Help (Русский)|разделе Помощь Wiki]] вместе с другими полезными ресурсами.</div>Andrej coolhttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Main_page_(%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9)&diff=150634Main page (Русский)2011-08-04T09:42:37Z<p>Andrej cool: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Русский]] __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <br />
{{i18n|Main Page}}<br />
<!-- after translation is finished, please contact damir@archlinux.org, thank you! --><br />
<br />
'''Добро пожаловать в wiki-раздел дистрибутива [[ArchLinux (Русский)|Arch Linux]] - Ваш источник документации по Arch Linux в сети.'''<br />
<br />
Посетите [[Table_of_Contents_(Русский)|Содержание]] для того, чтобы увидеть список категорий ArchWiki.<br />
Вы также можете посмотреть: '''[[:Category:Pages sorted by topic (Русский)|Страницы по разделам]]''' и '''[[:Category:Pages sorted by type (Русский)|Страницы по типу]]'''.<br />
<br />
<br />
==С чего начать?==<br />
Следующие ссылки будут полезными для тех, кто хочет начать работать в Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
<div style="float: left; margin-right: 1%; width: 49%"><br />
; [[Arch Linux (Русский)|Arch Linux]]: Краткий обзор Arch Linux; в этом разделе описывается то, что можно увидеть в Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[The Arch Way (Русский)|Путь Arch Linux]]: Описание принципов и философии Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[Arch Compared to Other Distributions (Русский)|Сравнение дистрибутивов]]: Описание сходств и различий между Arch Linux и другими дистрибутивами Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[Getting Involved (Русский)|Принять участие]]: Описание различных путей Arch-пользователей (как новых, так и опытных) для внесения вклада в сообщество Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[Forum Etiquette (Русский)|Этикет на форуме]]: Описание этикета поведения для пользователей форума Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[ArchWiki Tutorial (Русский)|Мануал по ArchWiki]]: Небольшой мануал по редактированию и содержанию wiki-раздела Arch Linux.<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div style="float: left; width: 50%"><br />
; [[Beginners' Guide (Русский)|Быстрый старт]]: Руководство по установке и настройке Arch Linux; это руководство написано для новых и пока еще неопытных пользователей.<br />
<br />
; [[Official Arch Linux Install Guide (Русский)|Официальное руководство]]: Более общая документация по установке; предполагается, что пользователи имеют опыт работы в UNIX/GNU/Linux системах.<br />
<br />
; [[FAQ (Русский)|ЧаВо]]: Список самых часто задаваемых вопросов.<br />
<br />
; [[General Recommendations (Русский)| Рекомендации]]: Список других популярных статей и рекомендаций.<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div style="clear: both"></div> <!-- prevent spillage --><br />
<br />
== Новости wiki ==<br />
Просмотрите страницу [[Wiki News|Новостей wiki]], чтобы увидеть последние изменения.<br />
<br />
Если Вы хотите и можете внести свой вклад в wiki-раздел, посмотрите [[Getting Involved (Русский)#Wiki|этот список]] идей.<br />
<br />
== Переводы ==<br />
Предпочитаете читать статьи на своем родном языке? Нажмите [[Help:i18n#Languages|сюда]] для просмотра доступных переводов и другой информации.<br />
<br />
== Помощь ==<br />
Если Вы ищите специфическую информацию, воспользуйтесь формой поиска слева. Или же Вы можете пользоваться поиском [http://www.google.com/ Google] по сайту, например, ввести <tt>site:wiki.archlinux.org</tt> перед поисковым запросом.<br />
<br />
Помните, что для редактирования статей из wiki Вы должны создать аккаунт. После того, как аккаунт создан, Вы можете потренироваться в [[Sandbox|Песочнице]] или в Вашей пользовательской странице для ознакомления с используемой разметкой. Доступный синтаксис Вы можете просмотреть в [[:Category:ArchWiki Help (Русский)|разделе Помощь Wiki]] вместе с другими полезными ресурсами.</div>Andrej coolhttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Main_page_(%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9)&diff=150633Main page (Русский)2011-08-04T09:41:15Z<p>Andrej cool: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Русский]] __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <br />
{{i18n|Main Page}}<br />
<!-- after translation is finished, please contact damir@archlinux.org, thank you! --><br />
<br />
'''Добро пожаловать в wiki-раздел дистрибутива [[ArchLinux (Русский)|Arch Linux]] - Ваш источник документации по Arch Linux в сети.'''<br />
<br />
Посетите [[Table_of_Contents_(Русский)|Содержание]] для того, чтобы увидеть список категорий ArchWiki.<br />
Вы также можете посмотреть: '''[[:Category:Pages sorted by topic (Русский)|Страницы по разделам]]''' и '''[[:Category:Pages sorted by type (Русский)|Страницы по типу]]'''.<br />
<br />
<br />
==С чего начать?==<br />
Следующие ссылки будут полезными для тех, кто хочет начать работать в Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
<div style="float: left; margin-right: 1%; width: 49%"><br />
; [[Arch Linux (Русский)|Arch Linux]]: Краткий обзор Arch Linux; в этом разделе описывается то, что можно увидеть в Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[The Arch Way (Русский)|Путь Arch Linux]]: Описание принципов и философии Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[Arch Compared to Other Distributions (Русский)|Сравнение дистрибутивов]]: Описание сходств и различий между Arch Linux и другими дистрибутивами Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[Getting Involved (Русский)|Принять участие]]: Описание различных путей Arch-пользователей (как новых, так и опытных) для внесения вклада в сообщество Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[Forum Etiquette (Русский)|Этикет на форуме]]: Описание этикета поведения для пользователей форума Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[ArchWiki Tutorial (Русский)|Мануал по ArchWiki]]: Небольшой мануал по редактированию и содержанию wiki-раздела Arch Linux.<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div style="float: left; width: 50%"><br />
; [[Beginners' Guide (Русский)|Быстрый старт]]: Руководство по установке и настройке Arch Linux; это руководство написано для новых и пока еще неопытных пользователей.<br />
<br />
; [[Official Arch Linux Install Guide (Русский)|Официальное руководство]]: Более общая документация по установке; предполагается, что пользователи имеют опыт работы в UNIX/GNU/Linux системах.<br />
<br />
; [[FAQ (Русский)|ЧаВо]]: Список самых часто задаваемых вопросов.<br />
<br />
; [[General Recommendations (Русский)| Рекомендации]]: Список других популярных статей и рекомендаций.<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div style="clear: both"></div> <!-- prevent spillage --><br />
<br />
== Новости wiki ==<br />
Просмотрите страницу [[Wiki News|Новостей wiki]], чтобы увидеть последние изменения.<br />
<br />
Если Вы хотите и можете внести свой вклад в wiki-раздел, посмотрите [[Getting Involved (Русский)#Wiki|этот список]] идей.<br />
<br />
== Переводы ==<br />
Предпочитаете читать статьи на своем родном языке? Нажмите [[Help:i18n#Languages|сюда]] для просмотра доступных переводов и другой информации.<br />
<br />
== Помощь ==<br />
Если Вы ищите специфическую информацию, воспользуйтесь формой поиска слева. Или же Вы можете пользоваться поиском [http://www.google.com/ Google] по сайту, например, ввести <tt>site:wiki.archlinux.org</tt> перед поисковым запросом.<br />
<br />
Помните, что Вы должны создать аккаунт для редактирования статей из wiki. После того, как аккаунт создан, Вы можете потренироваться в [[Sandbox|Песочнице]] или в Вашей пользовательской странице для ознакомления с используемой разметкой. Доступный синтаксис Вы можете просмотреть в [[:Category:ArchWiki Help (Русский)|разделе Помощь Wiki]] вместе с другими полезными ресурсами.</div>Andrej coolhttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Main_page_(%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9)&diff=150632Main page (Русский)2011-08-04T09:39:59Z<p>Andrej cool: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Русский]] __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <br />
{{i18n|Main Page}}<br />
<!-- after translation is finished, please contact damir@archlinux.org, thank you! --><br />
<br />
'''Добро пожаловать в wiki-раздел дистрибутива [[ArchLinux (Русский)|Arch Linux]] - Ваш источник документации по Arch Linux в сети.'''<br />
<br />
Посетите [[Table_of_Contents_(Русский)|Содержание]] для того, чтобы увидеть список категорий ArchWiki.<br />
Вы также можете посмотреть: '''[[:Category:Pages sorted by topic (Русский)|Страницы по разделам]]''' и '''[[:Category:Pages sorted by type (Русский)|Страницы по типу]]'''.<br />
<br />
<br />
==С чего начать?==<br />
Следующие ссылки будут полезными для тех, кто хочет начать работать в Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
<div style="float: left; margin-right: 1%; width: 49%"><br />
; [[Arch Linux (Русский)|Arch Linux]]: Краткий обзор Arch Linux; в этом разделе описывается то, что можно увидеть в Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[The Arch Way (Русский)|Путь Arch Linux]]: Описание принципов и философии Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[Arch Compared to Other Distributions (Русский)|Сравнение дистрибутивов]]: Описание сходств и различий между Arch Linux и другими дистрибутивами Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[Getting Involved (Русский)|Принять участие]]: Описание различных путей Arch-пользователей (как новых, так и опытных) для внесения вклада в сообщество Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[Forum Etiquette (Русский)|Этикет на форуме]]: Описание этикета поведения для пользователей форума Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[ArchWiki Tutorial (Русский)|Мануал по ArchWiki]]: Небольшой мануал по редактированию и содержанию wiki-раздела Arch Linux.<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div style="float: left; width: 50%"><br />
; [[Beginners' Guide (Русский)|Быстрый старт]]: Руководство по установке и настройке Arch Linux; это руководство написано для новых и пока еще неопытных пользователей.<br />
<br />
; [[Official Arch Linux Install Guide (Русский)|Официальное руководство]]: Более общая документация по установке; предполагается, что пользователи имеют опыт работы в UNIX/GNU/Linux системах.<br />
<br />
; [[FAQ (Русский)|ЧаВо]]: Список самых часто задаваемых вопросов.<br />
<br />
; [[General Recommendations (Русский)| Рекомендации]]: Список других популярных статей и рекомендаций.<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div style="clear: both"></div> <!-- prevent spillage --><br />
<br />
== Новости wiki ==<br />
Просмотрите страницу [[Wiki News|Новостей wiki]], чтобы увидеть последние изменения.<br />
<br />
Если Вы хотите и можете внести свой вклад в wiki-раздел, посмотрите [[Getting Involved (Русский)#Wiki|этот список]] идей.<br />
<br />
== Переводы ==<br />
Предпочитаете читать статьи на своем родном языке? Нажмите [[Help:i18n#Languages|сюда]] для просмотра доступных переводов и другой информации.<br />
<br />
== Помощь ==<br />
Если Вы ищите специфическую информацию, попробуйте воспользоваться формой поиска слева. Или же Вы можете воспользоваться поиском [http://www.google.com/ Google] по сайту, например, ввести <tt>site:wiki.archlinux.org</tt> перед поисковым запросом.<br />
<br />
Помните, что Вы должны создать аккаунт для редактирования статей из wiki. После того, как аккаунт создан, Вы можете потренироваться в [[Sandbox|Песочнице]] или в Вашей пользовательской странице для ознакомления с используемой разметкой. Доступный синтаксис Вы можете просмотреть в [[:Category:ArchWiki Help (Русский)|разделе Помощь Wiki]] вместе с другими полезными ресурсами.</div>Andrej coolhttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Main_page_(%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9)&diff=150551Main page (Русский)2011-08-03T09:57:18Z<p>Andrej cool: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Русский]] __NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__ <br />
{{i18n|Main Page}}<br />
<!-- after translation is finished, please contact damir@archlinux.org, thank you! --><br />
<br />
'''Добро пожаловать в wiki-раздел дистрибутива [[ArchLinux (Русский)|Arch Linux]] - Ваш источник документации по Arch Linux в сети.'''<br />
<br />
Посетите [[Table_of_Contents_(Русский)|Содержание]] для того, чтобы увидеть список категорий ArchWiki.<br />
Вы также можете посмотреть: '''[[:Category:Pages sorted by topic (Русский)|Страницы по разделам]]''' и '''[[:Category:Pages sorted by type (Русский)|Страницы по типу]]'''.<br />
<br />
<br />
==С чего начать?==<br />
Следующие ссылки будут полезными для тех, кто хочет начать работать в Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
<div style="float: left; margin-right: 1%; width: 49%"><br />
; [[Arch Linux (Русский)|Arch Linux]]: Краткий обзор Arch Linux; в этом разделе описывается то, что можно увидеть в Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[The Arch Way (Русский)|Путь Arch Linux]]: Описание принципов и философии Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[Arch Compared to Other Distributions (Русский)|Сравнение дистрибутивов]]: Описание сходств и различий между Arch Linux и другими дистрибутивами Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[Getting Involved (Русский)|Принять участие]]: Описание различных путей Arch-пользователей (как новых, так и опытных) для внесения вклада в сообщество Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[Forum Etiquette (Русский)|Этикет на форуме]]: Описание этикета поведения для пользователей форума Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
; [[ArchWiki Tutorial (Русский)|Мануал по ArchWiki]]: Небольшой мануал по редактированию и содержанию wiki-раздела Arch Linux.<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div style="float: left; width: 50%"><br />
; [[Beginners' Guide (Русский)|Быстрый старт]]: Руководство по установке и настройке Arch Linux; это руководство написано для новых и пока еще неопытных пользователей.<br />
<br />
; [[Official Arch Linux Install Guide (Русский)|Официальное руководство]]: Более общая документация по установке; предполагается, что пользователи имеют опыт работы в UNIX/GNU/Linux системах.<br />
<br />
; [[FAQ (Русский)|ЧаВо]]: Список самых часто задаваемых вопросов.<br />
<br />
; [[General Recommendations (Русский)| Рекомендации]]: Список других популярных статей и рекомендаций.<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div style="clear: both"></div> <!-- prevent spillage --><br />
<br />
== Новости wiki ==<br />
Просмотрите страницу [[Wiki News|Новостей wiki]], чтобы увидеть последние изменения.<br />
<br />
Если Вы хотите и можете внести свой вклад в wiki-раздел, посмотрите [[Getting Involved (Русский)#Wiki|этот список]] идей.<br />
<br />
== Переводы ==<br />
Предпочитаете читать статьи на Вашем родном языке? Нажмите [[Help:i18n#Languages|сюда]] для просмотра доступных переводов и другой информации.<br />
<br />
== Помощь ==<br />
Если Вы ищите специфическую информацию, попробуйте воспользоваться формой поиска слева. Или же Вы можете воспользоваться поиском [http://www.google.com/ Google] по сайту, например, ввести <tt>site:wiki.archlinux.org</tt> перед поисковым запросом.<br />
<br />
Помните, что Вы должны создать аккаунт для редактирования статей из wiki. После того, как аккаунт создан, Вы можете потренироваться в [[Sandbox|Песочнице]] или в Вашей пользовательской странице для ознакомления с используемой разметкой. Доступный синтаксис Вы можете просмотреть в [[:Category:ArchWiki Help (Русский)|разделе Помощь Wiki]] вместе с другими полезными ресурсами.</div>Andrej coolhttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Fstab&diff=150517Fstab2011-08-02T14:57:10Z<p>Andrej cool: /* Filepath spaces */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:File systems (English)]]<br />
[[Category:Boot process (English)]]<br />
{{i18n|Fstab}}<br />
{{Lowercase_title}}<br />
<br />
The {{Filename|/etc/fstab}} file contains static filesystem information. It defines how storage devices and partitions are to be mounted and integrated into the overall system. It is read by the {{Codeline|mount}} command to determine which options to use when mounting a specific device or partition.<br />
<br />
== File example ==<br />
<br />
A simple {{Filename|/etc/fstab}}, using kernel name descriptors:<br />
{{File|name=/etc/fstab|content=<br />
# <file system> <dir> <type> <options> <dump> <pass><br />
<br />
devpts /dev/pts devpts defaults 0 0<br />
shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid 0 0<br />
<br />
/dev/sda2 / ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1<br />
/dev/sda6 /home ext4 defaults,noatime 0 2<br />
/dev/sda7 none swap defaults 0 0<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Field definitions ==<br />
The {{Filename|/etc/fstab}} file contains the following fields separated by a space or tab:<br />
<br />
<file system> <dir> <type> <options> <dump> <pass><br />
<br />
* '''<file system>''' - the partition or storage device to be mounted.<br />
* '''<dir>''' - the mountpoint where <file system> is mounted to.<br />
* '''<type>''' - the file system type of the partition or storage device to be mounted. Many different file systems are supported: {{Codeline|ext2, ext3, reiserfs, xfs, jfs, smbfs, iso9660, vfat, ntfs, swap}} and {{Codeline|auto}}. The {{Codeline|auto}} type lets the mount command guess what type of file system is used. This is useful for removable devices such as cdroms and dvds.<br />
* '''<options>''' - the options of the filesystem to be used. Note that some options are filesystem specific. Some of the most common options are:<br />
<br />
:* {{Codeline|auto}} - Mount automatically at boot, or when the command {{Codeline|mount -a}} is issued.<br />
:* {{Codeline|noauto}} - Mount only when you tell it to.<br />
:* {{Codeline|exec}} - Allow execution of binaries on the filesystem.<br />
:* {{Codeline|noexec}} - Disallow execution of binaries on the filesystem.<br />
:* {{Codeline|ro}} - Mount the filesystem read-only.<br />
:* {{Codeline|rw}} - Mount the filesystem read-write.<br />
:* {{Codeline|user}} - Allow any user to mount the filesystem. This automatically implies {{Codeline|noexec, nosuid, nodev}}, unless overridden.<br />
:* {{Codeline|users}} - Allow any user in the users group to mount the filesystem.<br />
:* {{Codeline|nouser}} - Allow only root to mount the filesystem.<br />
:* {{Codeline|owner}} - Allow the owner of device to mount.<br />
:* {{Codeline|sync}} - I/O should be done synchronously.<br />
:* {{Codeline|async}} - I/O should be done asynchronously.<br />
:* {{Codeline|dev}} - Interpret block special devices on the filesystem.<br />
:* {{Codeline|nodev}} - Don't interpret block special devices on the filesystem.<br />
:* {{Codeline|suid}} - Allow the operation of suid, and sgid bits. They are mostly used to allow users on a computer system to execute binary executables with temporarily elevated privileges in order to perform a specific task.<br />
:* {{Codeline|nosuid}} - Block the operation of suid, and sgid bits.<br />
:* {{Codeline|noatime}} - Don't update inode access times on the filesystem. Can help performance (see [[#atime_options|atime options]]).<br />
:* {{Codeline|nodiratime}} - Do not update directory inode access times on the filesystem. Can help performance (see [[#atime_options|atime options]]).<br />
:* {{Codeline|relatime}} - Update inode access times relative to modify or change time. Access time is only updated if the previous access time was earlier than the current modify or change time. (Similar to noatime, but doesn't break mutt or other applications that need to know if a file has been read since the last time it was modified.) Can help performance (see [[#atime_options|atime options]]).<br />
:* {{Codeline|flush}} - The {{Codeline|vfat}} option to flush data more often, thus making copy dialogs or progress bars to stay up until all data is written.<br />
:* {{Codeline|defaults}} - the default mount options for the filesystem to be used. The default options for {{Codeline|ext3}} are: {{Codeline|rw, suid, dev, exec, auto, nouser, async}}.<br />
<br />
* '''<dump>''' - used by the dump utility to decide when to make a backup. Dump checks the entry and uses the number to decide if a file system should be backed up. Possible entries are 0 and 1. If 0, dump will ignore the file system; if 1, dump will make a backup. Most users will not have dump installed, so they should put 0 for the <dump> entry.<br />
<br />
* '''<pass>''' - used by [[fsck]] to decide which order filesystems are to be checked. Possible entries are 0, 1 and 2. The root file system should have the highest priority 1 - all other file systems you want to have checked should have a 2. File systems with a value 0 will not be checked by the fsck utility.<br />
<br />
== Identifying filesystems ==<br />
<br />
There are three ways to identify a partition or storage device in {{Filename|/etc/fstab}}: by its kernel name descriptor, label or UUID. The advantage of using UUIDs or labels is that they are not dependent on the disks order. This is useful if the storage device order in the BIOS is changed, or if you switch the storage device cabling. Also, sometimes the BIOS may occasionally change the order of storage devices. Read more about this in the [[Persistent_block_device_naming|persistent block device naming]] article.<br />
<br />
=== Kernel name ===<br />
<br />
You can get the kernel name descriptors using {{Codeline|fdisk -l}}. The kernel names are listed in the first row:<br />
<br />
{{Command|fdisk -l|output=<nowiki><br />
...<br />
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System<br />
/dev/sda1 * 1 2550 20482843+ b W95 FAT32<br />
/dev/sda2 2551 5100 20482875 83 Linux<br />
/dev/sda3 5101 7650 20482875 83 Linux<br />
/dev/sda4 7651 121601 915311407+ 5 Extended<br />
/dev/sda5 7651 10200 20482843+ 83 Linux<br />
/dev/sda6 10201 17849 61440561 83 Linux<br />
/dev/sda7 17850 18104 2048256 82 Linux swap / Solaris<br />
/dev/sda8 18105 18113 72261 83 Linux<br />
/dev/sda9 18114 121601 831267328+ 7 HPFS/NTFS<br />
...</nowiki>|prompt=#}}<br />
<br />
See the [[Fstab#File_example|file example]].<br />
<br />
=== Label ===<br />
<br />
In order to use labels, the devices or partitions must have unambiguous labels. Labels should be unambiguous to prevent any possible conflicts - each label should be unique. To label a device or partition, see [[Persistent_block_device_naming|this]] article. To list all devices and partitions with their labels, you can use the command {{Codeline|blkid}}. In {{Filename|/etc/fstab}} you prefix the device label with {{Codeline|LABEL<nowiki>=</nowiki>}} :<br />
<br />
{{File|name=/etc/fstab|content=<nowiki><br />
# <file system> <dir> <type> <options> <dump> <pass><br />
<br />
devpts /dev/pts devpts defaults 0 0<br />
shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid 0 0<br />
<br />
LABEL=Arch_Linux / ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1<br />
LABEL=Arch_Swap none swap defaults 0 0<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== UUID ===<br />
<br />
All partitions and devices have a unique UUID. They are generated by the make-filesystem utilities ({{Codeline|mkfs.*}}) when you create the filesystem. To list all devices and partitions with their UUID, you can also use {{Codeline|blkid}}. In {{Filename|/etc/fstab}} you prefix the device UUID with {{Codeline|UUID<nowiki>=</nowiki>}} :<br />
<br />
{{File|name=/etc/fstab|content=<nowiki><br />
# <file system> <dir> <type> <options> <dump> <pass><br />
<br />
devpts /dev/pts devpts defaults 0 0<br />
shm /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0<br />
<br />
UUID=24f28fc6-717e-4bcd-a5f7-32b959024e26 / ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1<br />
UUID=03ec5dd3-45c0-4f95-a363-61ff321a09ff /home ext4 defaults,noatime 0 2<br />
UUID=4209c845-f495-4c43-8a03-5363dd433153 none swap defaults 0 0<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
== Tips and tricks ==<br />
<br />
=== Swap UUID ===<br />
In case your swap partition doesn't have an UUID, you can add it manually. This happens when the UUID of the swap is not shown with the {{Codeline|blkid}} command. Here are some steps to assign a UUID to your swap:<br />
<br />
Identify the swap partition:<br />
# swapon -s<br />
<br />
Disable the swap:<br />
# swapoff /dev/sda7<br />
<br />
Recreate the swap with a new UUID assigned to it:<br />
# mkswap -U random /dev/sda7<br />
<br />
Activate the swap:<br />
# swapon /dev/sda7<br />
<br />
=== Filepath spaces ===<br />
<br />
You can use the escape character "\" followed by the 3 digit octal code "040" to emulate spaces in a path:<br />
<br />
{{File|name=/etc/fstab|content=<nowiki>.....<br />
/dev/sda7 /home/username/Camera\040Pictures ext4 defaults,noatime 0 2<br />
UUID=7D4500B3071E18B2 /media/100\040GB\040(Storage) ntfs defaults,noatime,user 0 0<br />
.....</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
===External devices===<br />
External devices that are to be mounted when present but ignored if absent may require the {{Codeline|nofail}} option. This prevents errors being reported at boot.<br />
{{File|name=/etc/fstab|content=<nowiki>.....<br />
/dev/sdg1 /media/backup jfs defaults,nofail 0 2<br />
.....</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== atime options ===<br />
<br />
The use of {{Codeline|noatime}}, {{Codeline|nodiratime}} or {{Codeline|relatime}} can help disk performance for ext2, ext3, and ext4 filesystems. Linux by default keeps a record (writes to the disk) every times it reads from the disk {{Codeline|atime}}. This was more purposeful when Linux was being used for servers; it doesn't have much value for desktop use. The worst thing about the default {{Codeline|atime}} option is that even reading a file from the page cache (reading from memory instead of the disk) will still result in a disk write! Using the {{Codeline|noatime}} option fully disables writing file access times to the disk every time you read a file. This works well for almost all applications, except for a rare few like [[Mutt]] that need the such information. For mutt, you should only use the {{Codeline|relatime}} option. Using the {{Codeline|relatime}} option enables the writing of file access times only when the file is being modified (unlike {{Codeline|noatime}} where the file access time will never be changed and will be older than the modification time). The {{Codeline|nodiratime}} option disables the writing of file access times only for directories while other files still get access times written. The best compromise might be the use of {{Codeline|relatime}} in which case programs like [[Mutt]] will continue to work, but you'll still have a performance boost because files will not get access times updated unless they are modified.<br />
<br />
{{Note|{{Codeline|noatime}} already includes {{Codeline|nodiratime}}. You don't need to specify both options.}}<br />
<br />
===tmpfs===<br />
[[Wikipedia:Tmpfs|tmpfs]] is a temporary filesystem that resides in memory and/or your swap partition(s), depending on how much you fill it up. Mounting directories as tmpfs can be an effective way of speeding up accesses to their files, or to ensure that their contents are automatically cleared upon reboot.<br />
<br />
Some directories where tmpfs is commonly used are [http://www.pathname.com/fhs/2.2/fhs-3.15.html /tmp], [http://www.pathname.com/fhs/2.2/fhs-5.9.html /var/lock] and [http://www.pathname.com/fhs/2.2/fhs-5.13.html /var/run]. Do NOT use it on [http://www.pathname.com/fhs/2.2/fhs-5.15.html /var/tmp], because that folder is meant for temporary files that are preserved across reboots.<br />
<br />
By default, a tmpfs partition has its maximum size set to half your total RAM, but this can be customized. Note that the actual memory/swap consumption depends on how much you fill it up, as tmpfs partitions don't consume any memory until it is actually needed.<br />
<br />
To use tmpfs for {{Filename|/tmp}}, add this line to {{Filename|/etc/fstab}}:<br />
{{File|name=/etc/fstab|content=.....<br />
tmpfs /tmp tmpfs defaults,nodev,nosuid,mode=1777 0 0<br />
.....}}<br />
<br />
You may or may not want to specify the size here, but you should leave the {{Codeline|mode}} option alone in these cases to ensure that they have the correct permissions. In the example above, {{Filename|/tmp}} will be set to use up to half of your total RAM. To explicitly set a maximum size, use the {{Codeline|size}} mount option:<br />
{{File|name=/etc/fstab|content=.....<br />
tmpfs /tmp tmpfs defaults,nodev,nosuid,mode=1777,size=2G 0 0<br />
.....}}<br />
<br />
See the '''mount''' command man page for more information.<br />
<br />
Reboot for the changes to take effect. Note that although it may be tempting to simply run {{Codeline|mount -a}} to make the changes effective immediately, this will make any files currently residing in these directories inaccessible (this is especially problematic for running programs with lockfiles, for example). However, if all of them are empty, it should be safe to run {{Codeline|mount -a}} instead of rebooting (or mount them individually).<br />
<br />
After applying changes, you may want to verify that they took effect with {{Codeline|mount}}:<br />
{{Command|<nowiki>mount | grep /tmp</nowiki>|<nowiki><br />
tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noatime,size=1536000k)</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To use tmpfs for {{Filename|/var/lock}} and {{Filename|/var/run}}, you can simply symlink them to {{Filename|/run}}. Make sure to close anything important before doing this, because you will have to reboot, and daemons may not stop cleanly.<br />
<br />
{{Cli|<nowiki># ln -sf /run/lock /var/lock<br />
# ln -sf /run /var/run<br />
# reboot</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
{{Note|Arch will likely do this by default in the future. See https://bugs.archlinux.org/task/18157}}<br />
{{Warning|Some daemons still have files and/or directories installed into {{Filename|/var/lock}} and {{Filename|/var/run}}, and the {{Filename|/etc/rc.d/}} scripts may need to be edited for them to work.}}<br />
<br />
==Related==<br />
*[[Persistent block device naming]]<br />
*[[Writing on a FAT32 partition as a normal user]]<br />
*[[NTFS Write Support]]<br />
*[[Firefox Ramdisk]]<br />
*[[Using tmpfs for /var/*]]<br />
<br />
== Other resources ==<br />
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fstab wikipedia]<br />
* [http://www.tuxfiles.org/linuxhelp/fstab.html tuxfiles]<br />
* [http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/device-list/devices.txt Full device listing including block device]<br />
* [http://www.pathname.com/fhs/2.2/index.html Filesystem Hierarchy Standard]<br />
* [http://www.askapache.com/web-hosting/super-speed-secrets.html 30x Faster Web-Site Speed] (Detailed tmpfs)</div>Andrej coolhttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Fstab&diff=150516Fstab2011-08-02T14:56:50Z<p>Andrej cool: /* Filepath spaces */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:File systems (English)]]<br />
[[Category:Boot process (English)]]<br />
{{i18n|Fstab}}<br />
{{Lowercase_title}}<br />
<br />
The {{Filename|/etc/fstab}} file contains static filesystem information. It defines how storage devices and partitions are to be mounted and integrated into the overall system. It is read by the {{Codeline|mount}} command to determine which options to use when mounting a specific device or partition.<br />
<br />
== File example ==<br />
<br />
A simple {{Filename|/etc/fstab}}, using kernel name descriptors:<br />
{{File|name=/etc/fstab|content=<br />
# <file system> <dir> <type> <options> <dump> <pass><br />
<br />
devpts /dev/pts devpts defaults 0 0<br />
shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid 0 0<br />
<br />
/dev/sda2 / ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1<br />
/dev/sda6 /home ext4 defaults,noatime 0 2<br />
/dev/sda7 none swap defaults 0 0<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Field definitions ==<br />
The {{Filename|/etc/fstab}} file contains the following fields separated by a space or tab:<br />
<br />
<file system> <dir> <type> <options> <dump> <pass><br />
<br />
* '''<file system>''' - the partition or storage device to be mounted.<br />
* '''<dir>''' - the mountpoint where <file system> is mounted to.<br />
* '''<type>''' - the file system type of the partition or storage device to be mounted. Many different file systems are supported: {{Codeline|ext2, ext3, reiserfs, xfs, jfs, smbfs, iso9660, vfat, ntfs, swap}} and {{Codeline|auto}}. The {{Codeline|auto}} type lets the mount command guess what type of file system is used. This is useful for removable devices such as cdroms and dvds.<br />
* '''<options>''' - the options of the filesystem to be used. Note that some options are filesystem specific. Some of the most common options are:<br />
<br />
:* {{Codeline|auto}} - Mount automatically at boot, or when the command {{Codeline|mount -a}} is issued.<br />
:* {{Codeline|noauto}} - Mount only when you tell it to.<br />
:* {{Codeline|exec}} - Allow execution of binaries on the filesystem.<br />
:* {{Codeline|noexec}} - Disallow execution of binaries on the filesystem.<br />
:* {{Codeline|ro}} - Mount the filesystem read-only.<br />
:* {{Codeline|rw}} - Mount the filesystem read-write.<br />
:* {{Codeline|user}} - Allow any user to mount the filesystem. This automatically implies {{Codeline|noexec, nosuid, nodev}}, unless overridden.<br />
:* {{Codeline|users}} - Allow any user in the users group to mount the filesystem.<br />
:* {{Codeline|nouser}} - Allow only root to mount the filesystem.<br />
:* {{Codeline|owner}} - Allow the owner of device to mount.<br />
:* {{Codeline|sync}} - I/O should be done synchronously.<br />
:* {{Codeline|async}} - I/O should be done asynchronously.<br />
:* {{Codeline|dev}} - Interpret block special devices on the filesystem.<br />
:* {{Codeline|nodev}} - Don't interpret block special devices on the filesystem.<br />
:* {{Codeline|suid}} - Allow the operation of suid, and sgid bits. They are mostly used to allow users on a computer system to execute binary executables with temporarily elevated privileges in order to perform a specific task.<br />
:* {{Codeline|nosuid}} - Block the operation of suid, and sgid bits.<br />
:* {{Codeline|noatime}} - Don't update inode access times on the filesystem. Can help performance (see [[#atime_options|atime options]]).<br />
:* {{Codeline|nodiratime}} - Do not update directory inode access times on the filesystem. Can help performance (see [[#atime_options|atime options]]).<br />
:* {{Codeline|relatime}} - Update inode access times relative to modify or change time. Access time is only updated if the previous access time was earlier than the current modify or change time. (Similar to noatime, but doesn't break mutt or other applications that need to know if a file has been read since the last time it was modified.) Can help performance (see [[#atime_options|atime options]]).<br />
:* {{Codeline|flush}} - The {{Codeline|vfat}} option to flush data more often, thus making copy dialogs or progress bars to stay up until all data is written.<br />
:* {{Codeline|defaults}} - the default mount options for the filesystem to be used. The default options for {{Codeline|ext3}} are: {{Codeline|rw, suid, dev, exec, auto, nouser, async}}.<br />
<br />
* '''<dump>''' - used by the dump utility to decide when to make a backup. Dump checks the entry and uses the number to decide if a file system should be backed up. Possible entries are 0 and 1. If 0, dump will ignore the file system; if 1, dump will make a backup. Most users will not have dump installed, so they should put 0 for the <dump> entry.<br />
<br />
* '''<pass>''' - used by [[fsck]] to decide which order filesystems are to be checked. Possible entries are 0, 1 and 2. The root file system should have the highest priority 1 - all other file systems you want to have checked should have a 2. File systems with a value 0 will not be checked by the fsck utility.<br />
<br />
== Identifying filesystems ==<br />
<br />
There are three ways to identify a partition or storage device in {{Filename|/etc/fstab}}: by its kernel name descriptor, label or UUID. The advantage of using UUIDs or labels is that they are not dependent on the disks order. This is useful if the storage device order in the BIOS is changed, or if you switch the storage device cabling. Also, sometimes the BIOS may occasionally change the order of storage devices. Read more about this in the [[Persistent_block_device_naming|persistent block device naming]] article.<br />
<br />
=== Kernel name ===<br />
<br />
You can get the kernel name descriptors using {{Codeline|fdisk -l}}. The kernel names are listed in the first row:<br />
<br />
{{Command|fdisk -l|output=<nowiki><br />
...<br />
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System<br />
/dev/sda1 * 1 2550 20482843+ b W95 FAT32<br />
/dev/sda2 2551 5100 20482875 83 Linux<br />
/dev/sda3 5101 7650 20482875 83 Linux<br />
/dev/sda4 7651 121601 915311407+ 5 Extended<br />
/dev/sda5 7651 10200 20482843+ 83 Linux<br />
/dev/sda6 10201 17849 61440561 83 Linux<br />
/dev/sda7 17850 18104 2048256 82 Linux swap / Solaris<br />
/dev/sda8 18105 18113 72261 83 Linux<br />
/dev/sda9 18114 121601 831267328+ 7 HPFS/NTFS<br />
...</nowiki>|prompt=#}}<br />
<br />
See the [[Fstab#File_example|file example]].<br />
<br />
=== Label ===<br />
<br />
In order to use labels, the devices or partitions must have unambiguous labels. Labels should be unambiguous to prevent any possible conflicts - each label should be unique. To label a device or partition, see [[Persistent_block_device_naming|this]] article. To list all devices and partitions with their labels, you can use the command {{Codeline|blkid}}. In {{Filename|/etc/fstab}} you prefix the device label with {{Codeline|LABEL<nowiki>=</nowiki>}} :<br />
<br />
{{File|name=/etc/fstab|content=<nowiki><br />
# <file system> <dir> <type> <options> <dump> <pass><br />
<br />
devpts /dev/pts devpts defaults 0 0<br />
shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid 0 0<br />
<br />
LABEL=Arch_Linux / ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1<br />
LABEL=Arch_Swap none swap defaults 0 0<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== UUID ===<br />
<br />
All partitions and devices have a unique UUID. They are generated by the make-filesystem utilities ({{Codeline|mkfs.*}}) when you create the filesystem. To list all devices and partitions with their UUID, you can also use {{Codeline|blkid}}. In {{Filename|/etc/fstab}} you prefix the device UUID with {{Codeline|UUID<nowiki>=</nowiki>}} :<br />
<br />
{{File|name=/etc/fstab|content=<nowiki><br />
# <file system> <dir> <type> <options> <dump> <pass><br />
<br />
devpts /dev/pts devpts defaults 0 0<br />
shm /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0<br />
<br />
UUID=24f28fc6-717e-4bcd-a5f7-32b959024e26 / ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1<br />
UUID=03ec5dd3-45c0-4f95-a363-61ff321a09ff /home ext4 defaults,noatime 0 2<br />
UUID=4209c845-f495-4c43-8a03-5363dd433153 none swap defaults 0 0<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
== Tips and tricks ==<br />
<br />
=== Swap UUID ===<br />
In case your swap partition doesn't have an UUID, you can add it manually. This happens when the UUID of the swap is not shown with the {{Codeline|blkid}} command. Here are some steps to assign a UUID to your swap:<br />
<br />
Identify the swap partition:<br />
# swapon -s<br />
<br />
Disable the swap:<br />
# swapoff /dev/sda7<br />
<br />
Recreate the swap with a new UUID assigned to it:<br />
# mkswap -U random /dev/sda7<br />
<br />
Activate the swap:<br />
# swapon /dev/sda7<br />
<br />
=== Filepath spaces ===<br />
<br />
You can use the escape character "\" followed by the 3 digit octal code "040" to emulate spaces in a path:<br />
<br />
{{File|name=/etc/fstab|content=<nowiki>.....<br />
/dev/sda7 /home/username/Camera\040Pictures ext4 defaults,noatime 0 2<br />
UUID=7D4500B3071E18B2 /media/100\040GB\040(Storage) ntfs defaults,noatime,user 0 0<br />
.....</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
===External devices===<br />
External devices that are to be mounted when present but ignored if absent may require the {{Codeline|nofail}} option. This prevents errors being reported at boot.<br />
{{File|name=/etc/fstab|content=<nowiki>.....<br />
/dev/sdg1 /media/backup jfs defaults,nofail 0 2<br />
.....</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== atime options ===<br />
<br />
The use of {{Codeline|noatime}}, {{Codeline|nodiratime}} or {{Codeline|relatime}} can help disk performance for ext2, ext3, and ext4 filesystems. Linux by default keeps a record (writes to the disk) every times it reads from the disk {{Codeline|atime}}. This was more purposeful when Linux was being used for servers; it doesn't have much value for desktop use. The worst thing about the default {{Codeline|atime}} option is that even reading a file from the page cache (reading from memory instead of the disk) will still result in a disk write! Using the {{Codeline|noatime}} option fully disables writing file access times to the disk every time you read a file. This works well for almost all applications, except for a rare few like [[Mutt]] that need the such information. For mutt, you should only use the {{Codeline|relatime}} option. Using the {{Codeline|relatime}} option enables the writing of file access times only when the file is being modified (unlike {{Codeline|noatime}} where the file access time will never be changed and will be older than the modification time). The {{Codeline|nodiratime}} option disables the writing of file access times only for directories while other files still get access times written. The best compromise might be the use of {{Codeline|relatime}} in which case programs like [[Mutt]] will continue to work, but you'll still have a performance boost because files will not get access times updated unless they are modified.<br />
<br />
{{Note|{{Codeline|noatime}} already includes {{Codeline|nodiratime}}. You don't need to specify both options.}}<br />
<br />
===tmpfs===<br />
[[Wikipedia:Tmpfs|tmpfs]] is a temporary filesystem that resides in memory and/or your swap partition(s), depending on how much you fill it up. Mounting directories as tmpfs can be an effective way of speeding up accesses to their files, or to ensure that their contents are automatically cleared upon reboot.<br />
<br />
Some directories where tmpfs is commonly used are [http://www.pathname.com/fhs/2.2/fhs-3.15.html /tmp], [http://www.pathname.com/fhs/2.2/fhs-5.9.html /var/lock] and [http://www.pathname.com/fhs/2.2/fhs-5.13.html /var/run]. Do NOT use it on [http://www.pathname.com/fhs/2.2/fhs-5.15.html /var/tmp], because that folder is meant for temporary files that are preserved across reboots.<br />
<br />
By default, a tmpfs partition has its maximum size set to half your total RAM, but this can be customized. Note that the actual memory/swap consumption depends on how much you fill it up, as tmpfs partitions don't consume any memory until it is actually needed.<br />
<br />
To use tmpfs for {{Filename|/tmp}}, add this line to {{Filename|/etc/fstab}}:<br />
{{File|name=/etc/fstab|content=.....<br />
tmpfs /tmp tmpfs defaults,nodev,nosuid,mode=1777 0 0<br />
.....}}<br />
<br />
You may or may not want to specify the size here, but you should leave the {{Codeline|mode}} option alone in these cases to ensure that they have the correct permissions. In the example above, {{Filename|/tmp}} will be set to use up to half of your total RAM. To explicitly set a maximum size, use the {{Codeline|size}} mount option:<br />
{{File|name=/etc/fstab|content=.....<br />
tmpfs /tmp tmpfs defaults,nodev,nosuid,mode=1777,size=2G 0 0<br />
.....}}<br />
<br />
See the '''mount''' command man page for more information.<br />
<br />
Reboot for the changes to take effect. Note that although it may be tempting to simply run {{Codeline|mount -a}} to make the changes effective immediately, this will make any files currently residing in these directories inaccessible (this is especially problematic for running programs with lockfiles, for example). However, if all of them are empty, it should be safe to run {{Codeline|mount -a}} instead of rebooting (or mount them individually).<br />
<br />
After applying changes, you may want to verify that they took effect with {{Codeline|mount}}:<br />
{{Command|<nowiki>mount | grep /tmp</nowiki>|<nowiki><br />
tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noatime,size=1536000k)</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To use tmpfs for {{Filename|/var/lock}} and {{Filename|/var/run}}, you can simply symlink them to {{Filename|/run}}. Make sure to close anything important before doing this, because you will have to reboot, and daemons may not stop cleanly.<br />
<br />
{{Cli|<nowiki># ln -sf /run/lock /var/lock<br />
# ln -sf /run /var/run<br />
# reboot</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
{{Note|Arch will likely do this by default in the future. See https://bugs.archlinux.org/task/18157}}<br />
{{Warning|Some daemons still have files and/or directories installed into {{Filename|/var/lock}} and {{Filename|/var/run}}, and the {{Filename|/etc/rc.d/}} scripts may need to be edited for them to work.}}<br />
<br />
==Related==<br />
*[[Persistent block device naming]]<br />
*[[Writing on a FAT32 partition as a normal user]]<br />
*[[NTFS Write Support]]<br />
*[[Firefox Ramdisk]]<br />
*[[Using tmpfs for /var/*]]<br />
<br />
== Other resources ==<br />
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fstab wikipedia]<br />
* [http://www.tuxfiles.org/linuxhelp/fstab.html tuxfiles]<br />
* [http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/device-list/devices.txt Full device listing including block device]<br />
* [http://www.pathname.com/fhs/2.2/index.html Filesystem Hierarchy Standard]<br />
* [http://www.askapache.com/web-hosting/super-speed-secrets.html 30x Faster Web-Site Speed] (Detailed tmpfs)</div>Andrej coolhttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Laptop/ASUS&diff=150305Laptop/ASUS2011-07-31T08:03:05Z<p>Andrej cool: /* */</p>
<hr />
<div>{| style="background-color: #f3f9ff; margin: 1em 2.5% 0 2.5%; padding: 3px 3px; border: 1px solid #aaa;"<br />
|-<br />
|align="center"|'''[[HCL|Hardware Compatibility List]] - [[HCL/Laptops|Laptops main page]]''' <br> [[HCL/Laptops/Acer|Acer]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Apple|Apple]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Asus|Asus]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Compaq|Compaq]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Dell|Dell]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Digital|Digital]] - [[HCL/Laptops/ECS|ECS]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Siemens-Fujitsu|Siemens-Fujitsu]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Gateway|Gateway]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Hitachi|Hitachi]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Higrade|Higrade]] - [[HCL/Laptops/HP|HP]] - [[HCL/Laptops/IBM|IBM/Lenovo]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Medion|Medion]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Micron|Micron]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Mitac|Mitac]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Mitsubishi|Mitsubishi]] - [[HCL/Laptops/NEC|NEC]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Panasonic|Panasonic]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Samsung|Samsung]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Sony|Sony]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Toshiba|Toshiba]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Zenith|Zenith]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Other|Other]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Hardware Compatibility List (English)]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{| align="right" width="300px" style="background-color: #f3f9ff; margin: 1em 2.5% 0 2.5%; padding: 3px; border: 1px solid #aaa;"<br />
| style="background-color:white" | <small>'''[[HCL|Hardware Compatibility List (HCL)]]'''</small><br />
|-<br />
|<small> ''Full Systems'' </small><br />
|-<br />
|<small>[[HCL/Laptops|Laptops]] - [[HCL/Desktops|Desktops]] - [[HCL/Servers|Servers]] - [[HCL/Virtual Machines|Virtual Machines]]</small><br />
|-<br />
|<small>''Components''</small><br />
|-<br />
|<small>[[HCL/Video Cards|Video Cards]] - [[HCL/Sound Cards|Sound Cards]] - [[HCL/Network Adapters (Wired)|Wired Net Adapters]] - [[HCL/Modems|Modems]] - [[HCL/Network Adapters (Wireless)|Wireless Adapters]] - [[HCL/Monitors|Monitors]] - [[HCL/Bluetooth Adapters|Bluetooth Adapters]] - [[HCL/Printers|Printers]] - [[HCL/Scanners|Scanners]] - [[HCL/TV Cards|TV Cards]] - [[HCL/Digital Cameras|Digital Cameras]] - [[HCL/Web Cameras|Web Cameras]] - [[HCL/UPS|UPS]] - [[HCL/Floppy Drives|Floppy Drives]] - [[HCL/CD and DVD Writer/Readers|CD and DVD Writer/Readers]] - [[HCL/SCSI Adapters|SCSI Adapters]] - [[HCL/Gadgets|Gadgets]] - [[HCL/SATA IDE Cards|SATA IDE Cards]] - [[HCL/Keyboards|Keyboards]] - [[HCL/Main Boards|Main Boards]] - [[HCL/RAID Controllers|RAID Controllers]]</small><br />
|}<br />
<br />
= Model Version =<br />
<br />
== ==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"<br />
! rowspan=2 | Model Version:<br />
! rowspan=2 | Arch Linux <br>Install CD Version:<br> <br />
! colspan=8 | Harware Support:<br />
! rowspan=2 | Remark:<br />
|- <br />
! Video: || Sound: || Ethernet: || Wireless: || Bluetooth: || Power<br>Management:<br> || Modem: || Other:<br />
|-<br />
|- <br />
| W7S-B1B || Don't Panic || 3D with nvidia drivers || hda-intel || r8169 module, out of the box || intel 4965 works with iwlwifi || works out of the box || suspend works with pm-utils, hibernation is extremely unstable || untested || webcam works with uvc drivers, but it's mounted upside down || ACPI works with acpi4asus and acpid<br />
|-<br />
| [[ASUS N80VN-X5|N80VN-X5]] || 2009.02RC2 || 3D with nVidia drivers || hda-intel plus adding "options snd-hda-intel enable=1 model=g50v position_fix=0" to /etc/modprobe.d/modprobe.conf || Out of box with r8169 module || out of box with ath9k || out of box || suspend and hibernate both work with pm-utils || no modem || webcam and card reader both work out of the box || ACPI works fine with the asus_laptop module found in kernels above 2.6.28.5<br />
|-<br />
| [[ASUS F8SN]] || 2009.08 || only tried with opensource NV drivers[got 1280x800 pixels default without xorg edit], 3d proprietary will probably work || hda-intel || ethernet works out of the box||intel 4965 works with iwlwifi || untested-but is recognized by kernel || untested-battery status can be detected and customization options exist || modem untested || Syntek Sonic webcam and Ricoh Cardreader work out of the box(might need to allow user mount privileges just as you would for other ext. drives) || Highly compatible with Arch Linux<br />
|-<br />
| [[ASUS L3000D]] || Current || Works out of box || Works out of box || Works out of box || Not contains || Not contains || Works perfectly || Untested || ||<br />
|-<br />
| [[ASUS N53JN]] || Current || Contains Nvidia Optimus, so only intel graphic card works. Waiting for Nvidia to support Optimus on Linux || Works, needs some editing of modprobe files || Works out of box || ath9k needs madwifi || Untested || Hibernate untested, suspend works but with problems due to USB3 controller || No modem || Webcam works, touchpad works, media buttons work, cardreader isn't recognized by the kernel||<br />
|-<br />
| [[ASUS N53SV]] || Current || Contains Nvidia Optimus, so only intel graphic card works.|| hda-intel || r8169 module, works out of box || ath9k needs madwifi || Untested || Untested|| No modem || Webcam works, touchpad works, cardreader works||<br />
|-<br />
| ASUS A8Le || Current || Works out of box|| Works out of box (with ALSA, 'Speaker' channel should be unmuted) || Out of box with r8169 module || Untested || Untested || Untested|| Untested || Touchpad works ||</div>Andrej coolhttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Laptop/ASUS&diff=150304Laptop/ASUS2011-07-31T08:02:29Z<p>Andrej cool: /* */</p>
<hr />
<div>{| style="background-color: #f3f9ff; margin: 1em 2.5% 0 2.5%; padding: 3px 3px; border: 1px solid #aaa;"<br />
|-<br />
|align="center"|'''[[HCL|Hardware Compatibility List]] - [[HCL/Laptops|Laptops main page]]''' <br> [[HCL/Laptops/Acer|Acer]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Apple|Apple]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Asus|Asus]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Compaq|Compaq]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Dell|Dell]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Digital|Digital]] - [[HCL/Laptops/ECS|ECS]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Siemens-Fujitsu|Siemens-Fujitsu]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Gateway|Gateway]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Hitachi|Hitachi]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Higrade|Higrade]] - [[HCL/Laptops/HP|HP]] - [[HCL/Laptops/IBM|IBM/Lenovo]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Medion|Medion]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Micron|Micron]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Mitac|Mitac]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Mitsubishi|Mitsubishi]] - [[HCL/Laptops/NEC|NEC]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Panasonic|Panasonic]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Samsung|Samsung]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Sony|Sony]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Toshiba|Toshiba]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Zenith|Zenith]] - [[HCL/Laptops/Other|Other]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Hardware Compatibility List (English)]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{| align="right" width="300px" style="background-color: #f3f9ff; margin: 1em 2.5% 0 2.5%; padding: 3px; border: 1px solid #aaa;"<br />
| style="background-color:white" | <small>'''[[HCL|Hardware Compatibility List (HCL)]]'''</small><br />
|-<br />
|<small> ''Full Systems'' </small><br />
|-<br />
|<small>[[HCL/Laptops|Laptops]] - [[HCL/Desktops|Desktops]] - [[HCL/Servers|Servers]] - [[HCL/Virtual Machines|Virtual Machines]]</small><br />
|-<br />
|<small>''Components''</small><br />
|-<br />
|<small>[[HCL/Video Cards|Video Cards]] - [[HCL/Sound Cards|Sound Cards]] - [[HCL/Network Adapters (Wired)|Wired Net Adapters]] - [[HCL/Modems|Modems]] - [[HCL/Network Adapters (Wireless)|Wireless Adapters]] - [[HCL/Monitors|Monitors]] - [[HCL/Bluetooth Adapters|Bluetooth Adapters]] - [[HCL/Printers|Printers]] - [[HCL/Scanners|Scanners]] - [[HCL/TV Cards|TV Cards]] - [[HCL/Digital Cameras|Digital Cameras]] - [[HCL/Web Cameras|Web Cameras]] - [[HCL/UPS|UPS]] - [[HCL/Floppy Drives|Floppy Drives]] - [[HCL/CD and DVD Writer/Readers|CD and DVD Writer/Readers]] - [[HCL/SCSI Adapters|SCSI Adapters]] - [[HCL/Gadgets|Gadgets]] - [[HCL/SATA IDE Cards|SATA IDE Cards]] - [[HCL/Keyboards|Keyboards]] - [[HCL/Main Boards|Main Boards]] - [[HCL/RAID Controllers|RAID Controllers]]</small><br />
|}<br />
<br />
= Model Version =<br />
<br />
== ==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"<br />
! rowspan=2 | Model Version:<br />
! rowspan=2 | Arch Linux <br>Install CD Version:<br> <br />
! colspan=8 | Harware Support:<br />
! rowspan=2 | Remark:<br />
|- <br />
! Video: || Sound: || Ethernet: || Wireless: || Bluetooth: || Power<br>Management:<br> || Modem: || Other:<br />
|-<br />
|- <br />
| W7S-B1B || Don't Panic || 3D with nvidia drivers || hda-intel || r8169 module, out of the box || intel 4965 works with iwlwifi || works out of the box || suspend works with pm-utils, hibernation is extremely unstable || untested || webcam works with uvc drivers, but it's mounted upside down || ACPI works with acpi4asus and acpid<br />
|-<br />
| [[ASUS N80VN-X5|N80VN-X5]] || 2009.02RC2 || 3D with nVidia drivers || hda-intel plus adding "options snd-hda-intel enable=1 model=g50v position_fix=0" to /etc/modprobe.d/modprobe.conf || Out of box with r8169 module || out of box with ath9k || out of box || suspend and hibernate both work with pm-utils || no modem || webcam and card reader both work out of the box || ACPI works fine with the asus_laptop module found in kernels above 2.6.28.5<br />
|-<br />
| [[ASUS F8SN]] || 2009.08 || only tried with opensource NV drivers[got 1280x800 pixels default without xorg edit], 3d proprietary will probably work || hda-intel || ethernet works out of the box||intel 4965 works with iwlwifi || untested-but is recognized by kernel || untested-battery status can be detected and customization options exist || modem untested || Syntek Sonic webcam and Ricoh Cardreader work out of the box(might need to allow user mount privileges just as you would for other ext. drives) || Highly compatible with Arch Linux<br />
|-<br />
| [[ASUS L3000D]] || Current || Works out of box || Works out of box || Works out of box || Not contains || Not contains || Works perfectly || Untested || ||<br />
|-<br />
| [[ASUS N53JN]] || Current || Contains Nvidia Optimus, so only intel graphic card works. Waiting for Nvidia to support Optimus on Linux || Works, needs some editing of modprobe files || Works out of box || ath9k needs madwifi || Untested || Hibernate untested, suspend works but with problems due to USB3 controller || No modem || Webcam works, touchpad works, media buttons work, cardreader isn't recognized by the kernel||<br />
|-<br />
| [[ASUS N53SV]] || Current || Contains Nvidia Optimus, so only intel graphic card works.|| hda-intel || r8169 module, works out of box || ath9k needs madwifi || Untested || Untested|| No modem || Webcam works, touchpad works, cardreader works||<br />
|-<br />
| [[ASUS A8Le]] || Current || Works out of box|| Works out of box (with ALSA, 'Speaker' channel should be unmuted) || Out of box with r8169 module || Untested || Untested || Untested|| Untested || Touchpad works ||</div>Andrej cool