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2024-03-29T02:30:49Z
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https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Talk:LaTeX&diff=82536
Talk:LaTeX
2009-11-08T11:47:52Z
<p>Duerrer: </p>
<hr />
<div>It seems to me that TeXLive should be under the LaTeX heading instead. New users will probably search for the "LaTeX" heading first. Also, LaTeX is more general, and can emcompass GUI applications, etc. --[[User:Arcanazar|Arcanazar]] 13:32, 7 July 2009 (EDT)<br />
<br />
Reply: No. TeXLive provides MUCH MUCH more than just LaTeX!<br />
Ever heard of Plain TeX, ConTeXt, metapost, xindy, bibtex, etc? :)<br />
--[[User:Firmicus|firmicus]] 03:04, 16 September 2009 (EDT)<br />
<br />
Re: TeXLive is much more than LaTeX.<br />
Of course I've heard of everything you've mentioned; I'm at a university where these are used all the time. Often, they are referred to as just LaTeX, or LaTeX suite. This may be technically incorrect, but it was the common parlance at my institution. Perhaps it would be best to redirect the LaTeX page to the TeXLive page.<br />
--[[User:Arcanazar|Arcanazar]] 11:20, 16 September 2009 (EDT)<br />
<br />
What if we had an article for *TeX in general, and have keywords such as LaTeX, ConTeXt, bibTeX, &c. redirect to that page? We could include sections explaining what TeX is and giving some background information to explain all of these different programs (in simple terms so a new user could pick it up quickly). The *TeX article could tell how to install TeXLive, how to use it, some recommended methods of editing .tex files (Vim, emacs + AUCTeX, Kile, &c.), and other information. What do you think?<br />
--[[User:Allamgir|Allamgir]] 10:05, 2 October 2009 (EDT)<br />
<br />
*Right now there exists: a stub article on LaTex, an article on TexLive, as well as a category TexLive (English) and a Howto: TeXLive and CJK.<br />
*I propose the creation of a category "TeX (English)" which contains everything TeX-related. This category would be a sub-category of "Office (English)" and all the TeX-related things linked there are moved to the TeX (English).<br />
*All article and categories in english get "Pagename (English)" <br />
*We may make crosslinking field in each of the major TeX articles (LaTeX (English), BibTeX (English) etc.) making it easier to navigate between the topics.<br />
--[[User:Duerrer|duerrer]] 12:45, 8 November 2009 (CET)</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Talk:LaTeX&diff=82535
Talk:LaTeX
2009-11-08T11:46:22Z
<p>Duerrer: new tex structure proposal</p>
<hr />
<div>It seems to me that TeXLive should be under the LaTeX heading instead. New users will probably search for the "LaTeX" heading first. Also, LaTeX is more general, and can emcompass GUI applications, etc. --[[User:Arcanazar|Arcanazar]] 13:32, 7 July 2009 (EDT)<br />
<br />
Reply: No. TeXLive provides MUCH MUCH more than just LaTeX!<br />
Ever heard of Plain TeX, ConTeXt, metapost, xindy, bibtex, etc? :)<br />
--[[User:Firmicus|firmicus]] 03:04, 16 September 2009 (EDT)<br />
<br />
Re: TeXLive is much more than LaTeX.<br />
Of course I've heard of everything you've mentioned; I'm at a university where these are used all the time. Often, they are referred to as just LaTeX, or LaTeX suite. This may be technically incorrect, but it was the common parlance at my institution. Perhaps it would be best to redirect the LaTeX page to the TeXLive page.<br />
--[[User:Arcanazar|Arcanazar]] 11:20, 16 September 2009 (EDT)<br />
<br />
What if we had an article for *TeX in general, and have keywords such as LaTeX, ConTeXt, bibTeX, &c. redirect to that page? We could include sections explaining what TeX is and giving some background information to explain all of these different programs (in simple terms so a new user could pick it up quickly). The *TeX article could tell how to install TeXLive, how to use it, some recommended methods of editing .tex files (Vim, emacs + AUCTeX, Kile, &c.), and other information. What do you think?<br />
--[[User:Allamgir|Allamgir]] 10:05, 2 October 2009 (EDT)<br />
<br />
*Right now there exists: a stub article on LaTex, an article on TexLive, as well as a category TexLive (English) and a Howto: TeXLive and CJK.<br />
*I propose the creation of a category "TeX (English)" which contains everything TeX-related. This category would be a sub-category of "Office (English)" and all the TeX-related things linked there are moved to the TeX (English).<br />
*We may make crosslinking field in each of the major TeX articles (LaTeX, BibTeX etc.) making it easier to navigate between the topics.<br />
--[[User:Duerrer|duerrer]] 12:45, 8 November 2009 (CET)</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Category_talk:Science&diff=82532
Category talk:Science
2009-11-08T11:29:19Z
<p>Duerrer: </p>
<hr />
<div>imo, educational and scientific topics/software is not necessarily always the same. there may be on one side applications that teach children how to write and on the other hand numerical mathematics software. so maybe it would be good to have two categories from the beginning on? either desktop users guide > educational > science, or desktop u.g. > science > educational or des.u.g. > educational and d.u.g. > science.<br />
opinions?<br />
<br />
--[[User:Duerrer|duerrer]] 12.28, 08 November 2009 (CET)</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Category_talk:Science&diff=82531
Category talk:Science
2009-11-08T11:27:36Z
<p>Duerrer: /* don't delete - organize! */ new section</p>
<hr />
<div>imo, educational and scientific topics/software is not necessarily always the same. there may be on one side applications that teach children how to write and on the other hand numerical mathematics software. so maybe it would be good to have two categories from the beginning on? either desktop users guide > educational > science, or desktop u.g. > science > educational or des.u.g. > educational and d.u.g. > science.<br />
opinions?<br />
<br />
== don't delete - organize! ==<br />
<br />
imo, educational and scientific topics/software is not necessarily always the same. there may be on one side applications that teach children how to write and on the other hand numerical mathematics software. so maybe it would be good to have two categories from the beginning on? either desktop users guide > educational > science, or desktop u.g. > science > educational or des.u.g. > educational and d.u.g. > science. opinions?</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=MATLAB&diff=82528
MATLAB
2009-11-08T11:00:06Z
<p>Duerrer: corrected science (english)</p>
<hr />
<div>{{stub}}<br />
[[Category:Science (English)]]<br />
<br />
== For the 32bit student edition 2008b ==<br />
=== x86 ===<br />
Just install (might require a few extra packages, but then can be install via pacman.<br />
(I will try to make a list when I install next)<br />
<br />
For graphical install and interface libxp is needed.<br />
<br />
pacman -S libxp <br />
Install from iso file<br />
modprobe loop<br />
mount -o loop matu2k8b.iso /media/iso/<br />
/media/iso/install<br />
<br />
=== x86_64 ===<br />
To start off with we need to install a bunch of lib32 packages, not all found with pacman. Check the [[AUR]] for the lib32-libxp package.<br />
<br />
$ pacman -S lib32-mesa<br />
$ pacman -S lib32-glibc<br />
$ pacman -S lib32-libxmu<br />
$ pacman -S lib32-zlib<br />
$ pacman -S lib32-ncurses<br />
$ pacman -S lib32-libxtst<br />
$ pacman -S lib32-libxi<br />
<br />
$ yaurt -S lib32-libxp<br />
$ yaurt -S lib32-libxpm<br />
<br />
My system is not a fresh install so there may be some other packages needed.<br />
<br />
Once they are installed <br />
<br />
$ ./install -glnx86<br />
<br />
You will then be able to guide the installer through the install process.<br />
<br />
=== General ===<br />
As one installs matlab, it might complain that there isn't a package, for the most part just look at the package name and then install it with pacman, or in the case of x86_64 there are some libraries only in AUR.<br />
<br />
=== Nvidia OpenGL Acceleration ===<br />
<br />
Once matlab is installed type<br />
<pre><br />
>> opengl info<br />
Version = 2.1.2 NVIDIA 177.82<br />
Vendor = NVIDIA Corporation<br />
Renderer = Quadro NVS 140M/PCI/SSE2<br />
MaxTextureSize = 8192<br />
Visual = 0x21 (TrueColor, depth 16, RGB mask 0xf800 0x07e0 0x001f)<br />
Software = false<br />
# of Extensions = 144<br />
<br />
Driver Bug Workarounds:<br />
OpenGLBitmapZbufferBug = 0<br />
OpenGLWobbleTesselatorBug = 0<br />
OpenGLLineSmoothingBug = 0<br />
OpenGLClippedImageBug = 1<br />
OpenGLEraseModeBug = 0<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
That is what it should look like. If you have a graphics card but it is using Software = true then you have a problem. With the nvidia card all I needed to do to get it working was copy the libGLU.so from the matlab installed library /usr/local/matlab/sys/opengl/lib/glnx86/libGLU.so to /usr/lib directory. NOTE in x86_64 this might be a different directory.</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=MATLAB&diff=82526
MATLAB
2009-11-08T10:58:58Z
<p>Duerrer: added to category science</p>
<hr />
<div>{{stub}}<br />
[[Category:Science]]<br />
<br />
== For the 32bit student edition 2008b ==<br />
=== x86 ===<br />
Just install (might require a few extra packages, but then can be install via pacman.<br />
(I will try to make a list when I install next)<br />
<br />
For graphical install and interface libxp is needed.<br />
<br />
pacman -S libxp <br />
Install from iso file<br />
modprobe loop<br />
mount -o loop matu2k8b.iso /media/iso/<br />
/media/iso/install<br />
<br />
=== x86_64 ===<br />
To start off with we need to install a bunch of lib32 packages, not all found with pacman. Check the [[AUR]] for the lib32-libxp package.<br />
<br />
$ pacman -S lib32-mesa<br />
$ pacman -S lib32-glibc<br />
$ pacman -S lib32-libxmu<br />
$ pacman -S lib32-zlib<br />
$ pacman -S lib32-ncurses<br />
$ pacman -S lib32-libxtst<br />
$ pacman -S lib32-libxi<br />
<br />
$ yaurt -S lib32-libxp<br />
$ yaurt -S lib32-libxpm<br />
<br />
My system is not a fresh install so there may be some other packages needed.<br />
<br />
Once they are installed <br />
<br />
$ ./install -glnx86<br />
<br />
You will then be able to guide the installer through the install process.<br />
<br />
=== General ===<br />
As one installs matlab, it might complain that there isn't a package, for the most part just look at the package name and then install it with pacman, or in the case of x86_64 there are some libraries only in AUR.<br />
<br />
=== Nvidia OpenGL Acceleration ===<br />
<br />
Once matlab is installed type<br />
<pre><br />
>> opengl info<br />
Version = 2.1.2 NVIDIA 177.82<br />
Vendor = NVIDIA Corporation<br />
Renderer = Quadro NVS 140M/PCI/SSE2<br />
MaxTextureSize = 8192<br />
Visual = 0x21 (TrueColor, depth 16, RGB mask 0xf800 0x07e0 0x001f)<br />
Software = false<br />
# of Extensions = 144<br />
<br />
Driver Bug Workarounds:<br />
OpenGLBitmapZbufferBug = 0<br />
OpenGLWobbleTesselatorBug = 0<br />
OpenGLLineSmoothingBug = 0<br />
OpenGLClippedImageBug = 1<br />
OpenGLEraseModeBug = 0<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
That is what it should look like. If you have a graphics card but it is using Software = true then you have a problem. With the nvidia card all I needed to do to get it working was copy the libGLU.so from the matlab installed library /usr/local/matlab/sys/opengl/lib/glnx86/libGLU.so to /usr/lib directory. NOTE in x86_64 this might be a different directory.</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=List_of_applications/Science&diff=82525
List of applications/Science
2009-11-08T10:57:03Z
<p>Duerrer: moved to category science from educational</p>
<hr />
<div>=Mathematics=<br />
==Calculator==<br />
* [http://speedcrunch.org Speedcrunch] - A feature-rich scientific calculator.<br />
* [http://extcalc-linux.sourceforge.net/ ExtCalc] - A feature-rich scientific calculator.<br />
* [http://kalgebra.berlios.de/ KAlgebra] - calculator and 3D plot.<br />
* [http://qalculate.sourceforge.net/ Qalculate] - calculator that recognises constants and units.<br />
<br />
==Computer Algebra System==<br />
*[http://maxima.sourceforge.net/ Maxima] - "Maple/Mathematica"-like program or its frontend [http://wxmaxima.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page wXMaxima].<br />
*[http://www.sagemath.org/ Sage] - "Maple/Mathematica-like"-like program in python.<br />
<br />
==Scientific or Technical Computing==<br />
*[[Matlab]] - Widely used for scientific computing and data processing (proprietary!).<br />
*[http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/ Octave] - "Matlab"-like program or its frontend [[QtOctave]].<br />
*[http://freemat.sourceforge.net/ Freemat] - "Matlab"-like program.<br />
*[http://www.scilab.org/ Scilab] - "Matlab"-like program.<br />
<br />
==Statistics==<br />
* [http://www.gnu.org/software/pspp/ PSPP] - Free SPSS implementation (Graphical:PSPPire).<br />
* [http://rkward.sourceforge.net/ RKWard] - Frontend for the statistical language R.<br />
<br />
==Data Evaluation==<br />
* [http://www.unipress.waw.pl/fityk/ Fityk] - Non-linear fitting of curves.<br />
* [http://soft.proindependent.com/qtiplot.html QtiPlot] - Similar & semi-compatible with "OriginLab".<br />
* [http://scidavis.sourceforge.net/ SciDavis] - Similar to QtiPlot.<br />
* [http://labplot.sourceforge.net/ LabPlot] - Comparable to "OriginLab".<br />
* [http://root.cern.ch/drupal/ ROOT] - Data analysis program and library (originally for particle physics).<br />
* [http://www.gnuplot.info/ GnuPlot] - Command-line based plotting program.<br />
* [http://plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il/Grace/ XmGrace] - Plotting program with GUI.<br />
* [[Common Applications#Spreadsheets]]<br />
<br />
=Chemistry and Biology=<br />
<br />
==Molecule Viewer==<br />
*[http://avogadro.openmolecules.net/wiki/Main_Page Avogadro] - Edit and view 3D molecule structures (also .pdb) and simulate.<br />
*[http://www.uku.fi/~thassine/projects/ghemical/ Ghemical] - Edit and view 3D molecule structures (also .pdb) and simulate.<br />
*[http://www.rasmol.org/ Rasmol] - View 3D molecule structures.<br />
*[http://pymol.sourceforge.net/ Pymol] - View 3D molecule structures.<br />
<br />
==Molecule Drawing==<br />
*[http://bkchem.zirael.org/ BkChem] - Practical and goodlooking skeletal formula molecule drawing program.<br />
*[http://xdrawchem.sourceforge.net/ XDrawChem] - Extensive skeletal formula molecule drawing program (incl. spectroscopy prediction).<br />
*[http://easychem.sourceforge.net/ EasyChem] - Simple skel]etal formula molecule drawing program.<br />
*[http://ruby.chemie.uni-freiburg.de/~martin/chemtool/ Chemtool] - Skeletal formula molecule drawing program.<br />
<br />
==Periodic Table==<br />
* [http://edu.kde.org/kalzium/ Kalzium] - Periodic table of the elements with molecule editor and equation solver (from KDE project).<br />
* [http://www.kdau.com/projects/gelemental/ GElemental] - Periodic table of the elements and additional information. <br />
<br />
==Biochemistry==<br />
* [http://www.bioclipse.net/ Bioclipse] - Aims to be a complete biochemistry office suite.<br />
<br />
=Physics=<br />
<br />
==Electronics==<br />
*[http://qucs.sourceforge.net/ Qucs] - Electronic circuit simulation.<br />
*[http://oregano.gforge.lug.fi.uba.ar/ Oregano] - Electronic circuit simulation.<br />
*[http://qelectrotech.org/ QElectroTech] - Draw advanced electrical circuits.<br />
*[http://kicad.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page KiCad] - Design schematics for printed circuit boards.<br />
*[http://ksimus.berlios.de/ KSimus] - Logical circuits simulation.<br />
*[http://www.a-rostin.de/ KLogic] - Logical circuits simulation.<br />
<br />
==Physics Simulation==<br />
*[http://www.code-aster.org Code Aster] - Simulation for civil and structural engineering.<br />
*[http://edu.kde.org/step/ Step] - Physics Simulation Educative physics simulation (KDE).<br />
<br />
==Unit Conversion==<br />
*[http://convertall.bellz.org/ Convertall] - Convert between different physical units.<br />
*[http://www.unihedron.com/projects/gonvert/ Gonvert] - Convert between different physical units.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Science (English)]]<br />
[[Category:General (English)]]</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Category_talk:Science&diff=82523
Category talk:Science
2009-11-08T10:55:03Z
<p>Duerrer: Created page with 'imo, educational and scientific topics/software is not necessarily always the same. there may be on one side applications that teach children how to write and on the other hand n…'</p>
<hr />
<div>imo, educational and scientific topics/software is not necessarily always the same. there may be on one side applications that teach children how to write and on the other hand numerical mathematics software. so maybe it would be good to have two categories from the beginning on? either desktop users guide > educational > science, or desktop u.g. > science > educational or des.u.g. > educational and d.u.g. > science.<br />
opinions?</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Kxmame&diff=81981
Kxmame
2009-11-05T17:37:20Z
<p>Duerrer: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category: Games and entertainment (English)]][[Category: Emulators (English)]]<br />
[[Category: HOWTOs (English)]]<br />
{{stub}}<br />
Kxmame is a KDE port of the GXmame frontend for xmame and sdlmame emulators.<br />
<br />
== How to obtain ==<br />
Download, build and install the [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=15050 kxmane-svn] AUR package.<br />
<br />
== Steps to follow after installation ==<br />
<br />
* Install sdlmame (available in [community]).<br />
* Start kxmame, click through the first two error messages (regarding xmame) and then add '''"/usr/bin/sdlmame"''' to the '''Xmame/Xmess executables''' list.<br />
* Click OK and then click No when prompted to rebuild the game list. After that, close kxmame.<br />
* Create a '''"roms"''' directory inside '''"~/.mame"''' and move your roms into it.<br />
* Start kxmame again and select Yes when prompted to rebuild the game list.<br />
* Close the "Audit done" window.<br />
<br />
You should now be able to start your roms from within kxmame.</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Common_Access_Card&diff=81979
Common Access Card
2009-11-05T17:36:04Z
<p>Duerrer: category hardware (english) added</p>
<hr />
<div>=Common Access Card Setup=<br />
<br />
This page explains how to setup Arch to use a US Department of Defense Common Access Card (CAC). It was tested with an SCR331 USB card reader which is a very common one. Others may work...or not.<br />
<br />
[[HAL]] is required by the CAC software so it should be installed before continuing.<br />
<br />
==Software Installation==<br />
<br />
Install ''pcsclite, ccid, and coolkey'' in that order. PKGBUILDS for these can be found in the [[AUR]]. <br />
<br />
Add ''pcscd'' to the daemons section of your rc.conf.<br />
<br />
Reboot -or- type ''pcscd'' in a terminal to enable the smart card reader.<br />
<br />
Plug in the card reader without a card inserted. The SCR331's light should turn on (not flashing).<br />
<br />
Put a CAC into the reader and make sure (at least on the SCR331) that the light starts flashing. If it does, it's set up correctly.<br />
<br />
==Configuring Firefox==<br />
<br />
===Enabling Firefox to use the CAC Reader===<br />
<br />
Insert CAC into reader - the green light should flash on the SCR331.<br />
<br />
Add ''CAC Reader'' to Firefox as a Security Device<br />
<br />
:Go to Edit->Preferences on the toolbar.<br />
:Then click on ''Advanced''<br />
:Click on the ''Encryption'' Tab<br />
:Click on the ''Security Devices'' Button<br />
:Click on the ''Load'' Button<br />
:Enter ''CAC Reader'' as the module name, and browse to /usr/lib/pkcs11/libcoolkeypk11.so then click ''Open''. <br />
<br />
===Importing the DoD Certificates===<br />
<br />
You should be able to go to http://dodpki.c3pki.chamb.disa.mil/rootca.html and click on the high-level certificates to install them and be done.<br />
<br />
However, this site for some reason doesn't recognize Shiretoko as Firefox. There are probably many ways around this but the one that was tested was to install the ''User Agent Switcher'' extension in Firefox (Shiretoko) along with a profile that identifies as Firefox 2.0 in Windows XP. Using an Internet Explorer profile will not work correctly because the site takes you to a page made to help you automatically install the certificates based on the browser you're using. Once you get into the site, you can download the certificates by following the directions on the page.<br />
<br />
==Testing==<br />
<br />
Visit your favorite CAC secured web page and you should be asked for the ''Master Password'' for your certificate. Enter it and if you get in, you know it's working.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Hardware (English)]]</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Beginners%27_Guide_(%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E8%AA%9E)&diff=81977
Beginners' Guide (日本語)
2009-11-05T17:31:01Z
<p>Duerrer: Category HOWTOs corrected: one space less</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Accuracy}}<br />
{{Translateme}}<br />
{{merge|ビギナーズガイド (日本語)}}<br />
{{merge|ビギナーズガイド}}<br />
[[Category:日本語]]<br />
[[Category:Archの入手とインストール(日本語)]]<br />
[[Category:Archについて(日本語)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs(日本語)]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text | 必要機能が揃ったArch Linuxシステムのインストール、設定、使用に関する詳細なガイドです。}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|言語}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Česky|Průvodce začátečníka (Česky)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Dansk|Dansk_Begynderguide}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|Beginners Guide 新手指南}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|正體中文|Beginner's Guide 新手指南}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Deutsch|Beginners Guide (Deutsch)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|Beginners Guide}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Español|Guía para Principiantes (Español)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Français|Manuel_du_Débutant_(Français)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Italiano|Beginners Guide (Italiano)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|日本語|ビギナーズガイド(日本語)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Lietuviškai|Pradedančiųjų gidas (Lietuviškai)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Português Brasil|Guia do Iniciante(Português do Brasil)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Português|Guia para Principiantes(Português)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Русский|Руководство_для_новичков}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Türkçe|Başlangıç Rehberi (Türkçe)}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|関連記事}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|Official Arch Linux Install Guide}} (オフィシャルインストールガイド インストールの概略)<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
==序文==<br />
<br />
<!-- 超絶意訳 --><br />
=====概要=====<br />
Arch Linuxの世界にようこそ! この文書にはユーザーにとって必要な情報が全て含まれていて、これを読めば[[Arch Linux]]――シンプルで軽量なGNU/Linuxディストリビューション――のインストール、設定ができるようになっています。Arch Linuxを使うには、システム構成や<code>UNIX</code>ライクなシステムの方法論に関する深い知識が必要なので、この文書にはかなり説明的な内容も含まれています。 このガイドはArchユーザーを対象にしていますが、全ての人に役に立つような強力なリファレンスと有益な情報を提供するように努力しています。<br />
<br />
'''Arch Linuxの特徴:'''<br />
* '''[[The Arch Way | シンプル]]'''なデザインと哲学<br />
* 上級者向けのコミュニティ・ディストリビューション (comunity distro)<br />
* 全てのパッケージが '''i686/x86-64''' アーキテクチャ向けにコンパイルされています<br />
* システムはユーザーによって一から積み上げられるので、高いカスタマイズ性があります<br />
* '''[[The Arch boot process | BSD-style init]]''' を採用することで、システムの設定が一つのファイルに集約されます<br />
* '''ローリング・リリース'''モデル<br />
* パッケージマネージャの'''[[Pacman]]''' はC言語で書かれていて、少ないメモリで軽快に動作します<br />
* '''[[ABS]]''' (The '''A'''rch '''B'''uild '''S'''ystem) は ports に似たパッケージビルドシステムで、ソースコードからPacmanでインストールできる形式のパッケージを簡単に作ることができます ABSを使ったり共有したりするには [[AUR]] を利用します<br />
* '''[[AUR]]''' (The Arch User Repository) ではArchユーザーが作成した大量のビルドスクリプトを提供しています<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
GNU/Linuxは”モジュール構造”をとっているので、それに合わせてこのガイドでも<code>UNIX</code>ライクのデスクトップOSを三つの部分に分けて解説しています:<br />
<br />
'''[[#パート1:ベースシステムをインストールする | パート1:ベースシステムのインストール]]'''<br />
<br />
'''[[#パート2:XのインストールとALSAの設定 | パート2:XのインストールとALSAの設定]]'''<br />
<br />
'''[[#パート3:デスクトップ環境をインストールする | パート3:デスクトップ環境のインストール]]'''<br />
<br />
=====心配しなくて大丈夫 (DON'T PANIC!)=====<br />
Arch Linuxのシステムはユーザーの手によって、シェルからコマンドを使うことで組み立てられます。これが'''[[The Arch Way | Archの流儀]]'''です。他の融通の利かないディストリビューションやインストーラと違って、Arch Linuxには最初から決められている環境や設定はありません。自分好みのシステムになるまで、コマンドライン上でインターネットのリポジトリからパッケージを追加し、自らの手で設定するのです。この方法が最大限の柔軟性と選択肢とシステムリソースのコントロールを可能にしています。<br />
<br />
Arch Linuxは"code separation"を最小限にすることを望むGNU/Linuxの上級ユーザーに向いています。<br />
<br />
=====ライセンス=====<br />
<br />
Arch Linux, pacman, documentation, and scripts are copyright<br />
©2002-2007 by Judd Vinet, ©2007-2008 by Aaron Griffin and are licensed under the GNU General Public License Version 2.<br />
<br />
=====[[The Arch Way | Archの流儀]]=====<br />
<br />
'''''The design principles behind Arch are aimed at keeping it [[The Arch Way|simple]].'''''<br />
<br />
Archの設計原則はシンプルを保つことだ。<br />
<br />
<br />
「シンプル」というのは、ここでは無駄な追加、変更、複雑化をしないということです。つまり、エレガントで最小主義的なアプローチをとります。<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Some thoughts to keep in mind:'''<br />
<br />
*''" 'Simple' is defined from a technical standpoint, not a usability standpoint. It is better to be technically elegant with a higher learning curve, than to be easy to use and technically [inferior]." -Aaron Griffin''<br />
*''Entia non sunt multiplicanda praeter necessitatem'' or "Entities should not be multiplied unnecessarily." -Occam's razor. The term ''razor'' refers to the act of shaving away unnecessary complications to arrive at the simplest explanation, method or theory.<br />
*''"The extraordinary part of [my method] lies in its simplicity..I always believe that the simple way is the right way."'' - Bruce Lee<br />
{{Box Note |'''正しく設定されたArch Linuxシステムのインストールを成功させるには、何よりもこのガイドをしっかり読むことが大切です。全ての章を読み終えてからインストールを始めることを強くおすすめします。'''}}<br />
* [http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Main_Page Arch wiki]は最初に参照すべき優れた資料です。そこで解決できなかった問題については、IRC(freenode #archlinux)や[http://bbs.archlinux.org/ フォーラム]を利用することができます。<br />
<br />
<br />
Archへようこそ! インストールをお楽しみください。take your time and have fun!<br />
<br />
さあ、始めましょう。<br />
<br />
==パート1:ベースシステムをインストールする==<br />
<br />
===最新のインストールメディアを手に入れる===<br />
<br />
Archの公式インストールメディアは[http://archlinux.org/download/ ここ]で入手できます。最新版は2008.06です。<br />
<br />
Powlowski作成のインストールメディア(2008.12)は[http://downloads.archlinux.de/iso/archboot/2008.12/ ここ]からです。<br />
<br />
*Core版にしろ、FTP/HTTP版にしろ、インストールされるのは'''ベースシステム'''のみです。このベースシステムにGUIは含まれていないことを忘れないでください。そこに含まれているのは主に、GNU toolchain (コンパイラ、アセンブラ、リンカ、ライブラリ、シェル、その他有用なユーティリティ)、Linuxのカーネル、そしていくつかの追加ライブラリや追加モジュールです。<br />
*isolinuxイメージはgrub版を利用してトラブルが発生したユーザに提供されており、その点以外に違いはありません。<br />
*The Arch64 FAQ ( http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Arch64_FAQ ) は32ビット、もしくは64ビット版を選択する上での手助けになるでしょう。<br />
<br />
====CD インストーラ====<br />
.isoファイルを好みのCDライターで焼き、Step 2: Boot Arch Linux Installerから続けてください。<br />
<br />
{{Box Note| CDの質と同様、光学式ドライブには様々なものがありますが、一般的には信頼性を高めるために出来る限り低速で焼くことが推奨されています。ユーザーによっては'''''4倍または2倍速程度'''''を推奨する人もいます。 もしCDが予期しない動作をした場合、システムで保証された最低の速度で焼き直してみてください。}}<br />
<br />
====USB メモリ====<br />
{{Warning|使用するUSBメモリのデータは完全に消去されます。}}<br />
<br />
'''<code>UNIX</code> 上での方法:'''<br />
データが入っていないか、利用していないUSBメモリをパソコンに挿入してパスを見つけておき、<code>/bin/dd</code> コマンドを使って.img ファイルをUSBメモリにダンプします:<br />
dd if=archlinux-2009.08-[core_or_ftp]-i686.img of=/dev/sd''x''<br />
''if=''では.img ファイルの場所を、''of='' ではUSBメモリの場所を指定します。 /dev/sd''x''を使用し、/dev/sd''x1''となっていないことを確認してください。<br />
<br />
'''md5sum 値の確認 (任意):'''<br />
<br />
read inからwritten outまでのブロック数をどこかにメモしておき、次のコマンドを実行します:<br />
dd if=/dev/sd''x'' count=''ブロック数'' status=noxfer | md5sum<br />
返されたmd5sum値はダウンロードしたarch linuxのイメージファイルと一致している必要があり、それらはまたミラーサーバにあるmd5sumsファイルに記入されたmd5sum値と一致しなければなりません。<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Windows 上での方法:'''<br />
<br />
まずは次のリンクから Disk Imager をダウンロードしましょう。<br />
https://launchpad.net/win32-image-writer/+download<br />
USBメモリを挿入した後、Disk Imagerを起動してイメージファイルを選択します。USBメモリに割り当てられたドライブレターを選択し、"write"をクリックしてください。<br />
<br />
Step 2: Arch Linux インストーラの起動へ進みましょう。<br />
<br />
<br />
===Step 2: Arch Linux インストーラの起動===<br />
CDまたはUSBメモリを挿入し、そこから起動します。場合によってはBIOSの設定で起動順序の変更をしたり、POST画面でキー(通常はDEL, F1, F2, F11, F12)を押す必要があるかもしれません。<br />
<br />
メモリ要求:<br />
<br />
* CORE版 : 160 MB RAM x86_64/i686 (全パッケージ選択時, 別にスワップパーティションが必要)<br />
* FTP版 : 160 MB RAM x86_64/i686 (全パッケージ選択時, 別にスワップパーティションが必要)<br />
<br />
Boot Archlive を選択します。libata/PATAに問題がある場合は Boot Archlive [legacy IDE] を選択してください。<br />
<br />
ブートオプションを直接編集するには '''e''' キーを押してください。コンソールの表示を読みやすくするためにフレームバッファの解像度を高くしたいユーザも多いことでしょう。その場合は<br />
vga=773<br />
をkernel行に追加し、<ENTER>を押してください。1024x768で表示されるようになります。<br />
<br />
'''b''' キーを押してブートしましょう.<br />
<br />
システムが起動し、プロンプトが表示されたら、 root としてログインします。<br />
<br />
ライブCDからの起動時に何らかの、または'''ハードウェアの'''エラーが発生した場合、[[Installation Troubleshooting]]を参照してください。<br />
<br />
====キーマップの変更====<br />
もしUSキーボード以外のレイアウトを利用しているのであれば、ここでキーマップとコンソールフォントを変更しておきましょう:<br />
# km<br />
または loadkeys コマンドも利用できます:<br />
# loadkeys ''layout''<br />
(''layout'' を &quot;<code>jp106</code>&quot; や &quot;<code>be-latin1</code>&quot;のような自分のレイアウトに置き換えてください)<br />
<br />
<br />
====設定のための資料====<br />
インストールを実行中のシステムでは、公式のインストールガイドを利用できます。ただし、公式ガイドではベースシステムのインストールと設定方法についてのみ記述してあります。vc/2(バーチャルコンソール#2) へ <ALT>+F2 で移動し、<code>/usr/bin/less</code> を呼び出します:<br />
# less /arch/docs/official_installation_guide_en<br />
<code>less</code> を利用するとドキュメントのページをめくることができるようになります。 元のコンソール(vc/1)に戻るには、 <ALT>+F1 を押下してください。<br />
<br />
vc/2へ移動すれば、いつでも公式ガイドを読むことができます。<br />
<br />
<br />
{{tip|Please note that the official guide only covers installation and configuration of the base system. Once that is installed, it is strongly recommended that you come back here to the wiki to find out more about post-installation considerations and other related issues.}}<br />
<br />
===Step 3: Start the Installation===<br />
As root, run the installer script from vc/1:<br />
# /arch/setup<br />
<br />
===A: Select an installation source===<br />
After a welcome screen, you will be prompted for an installation source. Choose the appropriate source for the installer you are using.<br />
* If you chose the CORE installer, continue below with [[#B: Set Clock|B: Set Clock]].<br />
* Netinstall only: You shall be prompted to load ethernet drivers manually, if desired. Udev is quite effective at loading the required modules, so you may assume it has already done so. You may verify this by invoking ifconfig -a from vc/3. (Select OK to continue.)<br />
<br />
====Configure Network (Netinstall)====<br />
Available Interfaces will be presented. If an interface and HWaddr ('''H'''ard'''W'''are '''addr'''ess) is listed, then your module has already been loaded. If your interface is not listed, you may probe it from the installer, or manually do so from another virtual console.<br />
<br />
The following screen will prompt you to ''Select the interface, Probe,'' or ''Cancel''. Choose the appropriate interface and continue.<br />
<br />
The installer will then ask if you wish to use DHCP. Choosing Yes will run '''dhcpcd''' to discover an available gateway and request an IP address; Choosing No will prompt you for your static IP, netmask, broadcast, gateway DNS IP, HTTP proxy, and FTP proxy. Lastly, you will be presented with an overview to ensure your entries are correct.<br />
<br />
=====(A)DSL Quickstart for the Live Environment (If you have a pure modem (or router in bridge mode) to connect to your ISP) =====<br />
<br />
Switch to another virtual console (<Alt> + F2), login as root and invoke <br />
# pppoe-setup<br />
If everything is well configured in the end you can connect to your ISP with <br />
# pppoe-start<br />
<br />
Return to first virtual console with <ALT>+F1. Continue with [[#B: Set Clock|B: Set Clock]]<br />
<br />
=====Wireless Quickstart For the Live Environment (If you need wireless connectivity during the installation process)=====<br />
<br />
The wireless drivers and utilities are now available to you in the live environment of the installation media. A good knowledge of your wireless hardware will be of key importance to successful configuration. Note that the following quickstart procedure ''executed at this point in the installation'' will initialize your wireless hardware for use ''in the live environment''. These steps (or some other form of wireless management) must be repeated from the actual installed system after booting into it. <br />
<br />
Also note that these steps are optional if wireless connectivity is unnecessary at this point in the installation; wireless functionality may always be established later.<br />
<br />
The basic procedure will be:<br />
* Switch to a free virtual console, e.g.: <ALT>+F3<br />
* (Optional) Identify the wireless interface and driver module:<br />
# lsmod | grep -i net<br />
* Ensure udev has loaded the driver, and that the driver has created a usable wireless kernel interface with <code>/usr/sbin/iwconfig</code>:<br />
# iwconfig<br />
Example output:<br />
lo no wireless extensions.<br />
eth0 no wireless extensions.<br />
wlan0 unassociated ESSID:""<br />
Mode:Managed Channel=0 Access Point: Not-Associated <br />
Bit Rate:0 kb/s Tx-Power=20 dBm Sensitivity=8/0 <br />
Retry limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off<br />
Power Management:off<br />
Link Quality:0 Signal level:0 Noise level:0<br />
Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0<br />
Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:0 Missed beacon:0<br />
<code>wlan0</code> is the available wireless interface in the example.<br />
* Bring the interface up with <code>/sbin/ifconfig <interface> up</code>.<br />
An example using the wlan0 interface:<br />
# ifconfig wlan0 up<br />
(Remember, your interface may be named something else, depending on your module (driver) and chipset: wlan0, eth1, etc.)<br />
* If the essid has been forgotten or is unknown, use <code>/sbin/iwlist <interface> scan</code> to scan for nearby networks.<br />
# iwlist wlan0 scan<br />
* Specify the id of the chosen wireless network with iwconfig <interface> essid &quot;<youressid>&quot; key <your_wep_key> (give the essid (the 'network name') of the network in quotes). <br />
* An example using WEP and a hexadecimal key:<br />
# iwconfig wlan0 essid &quot;linksys&quot; key 0241baf34c<br />
* An example using WEP and an ASCII passphrase:<br />
# iwconfig wlan0 essid "linksys" key s:pass1<br />
* An example using an unsecured network:<br />
# iwconfig wlan0 essid "linksys"<br />
* Request an IP address with <code>/sbin/dhcpcd <interface> </code>. e.g.:<br />
# dhcpcd wlan0<br />
* Ensure you can route using <code>/bin/ping</code>:<br />
# ping -c 3 www.google.com<br />
Done.<br />
* For connecting to a network using WPA, consult the [[WPA Supplicant]] article, and continue below.<br />
<br />
======Does the Wireless Chipset require Firmware?======<br />
A small percentage of wireless chipsets also require firmware, in addition to a corresponding driver. If unsure, invoke <code>/usr/bin/dmesg</code> to query the kernel log for a firmware request from the wireless chipset:<br />
# dmesg | grep firmware<br />
Example output from an Intel chipset which requires and has requested firmware from the kernel at boot:<br />
firmware: requesting iwlwifi-5000-1.ucode<br />
If there is no output, it may be concluded that the system's wireless chipset does not require firmware.<br />
<br />
{{Note | '''Wireless chipset firmware packages (for cards which require them) are pre-installed under /lib/firmware in the live environment, (on CD/USB stick) ''but must be explicitly installed to your actual system to provide wireless functionality after you reboot into it!'' Package selection and installation is covered below. Ensure installation of both your wireless module and firmware during the package selection step! See [[Wireless Setup]] if you are unsure about the requirement of corresponding firmware installation for your particular chipset. This is a very common error.'''}}<br />
<br />
After the initial Arch installation is complete, you may wish to refer to [[Wireless Setup]] to ensure a permanent configuration solution for your installed system.<br />
<br />
Return to vc/1 with <ALT>+F1. Continue with [[#B: Set Clock|B: Set Clock]]<br />
<br />
===B: 時間の設定===<br />
* UTC - インストールするPCで起動するOSが<tt>UNIX</tt>-likeオペレーティングシステムだけの場合はこちらを選択してください。<br />
<br />
* localtime - Microsoft Windows OS等とマルチブート環境を構築する場合はこちらを選択してください。<br />
<br />
===C: ハードディスクの準備(Prepare Hard Drive)===<br />
<br />
{{Warning|-ハードディスクのパーティーションは該当するハードディスクのデータを破壊する可能性があります。大切なデーターがある場合はバックアップをとることを強く推奨します。}}<br />
<br />
{{Note|望むのであれば、Arch Linuxのインストールを始める前に [http://gparted.sourceforge.net/download.php GParted]等のツールを使ってあらかじめパーティーションをしておくこともできます。 その場合、Arch Linuxのインストールにおけるパーティーションの条件を満たしている場合に限り[[#Set Filesystem Mountpoints| Set Filesystem Mountpoints]]の項目から続きを行って下さい}}<br />
<br />
これからパーティーションをするハードディスクの識別とレイアウトの確認を<code>/sbin/fdisk</code>でします。オプションの<code>-l</code>は小文字のLです。<br><br />
別の仮想コンソールを開いて(<ALT>+F3)以下のコマンドを実行します:<br />
# fdisk -l<br />
現在のディスク及びパーティーション状況をメモしてインストールに備えてください<br />
<br />
インストール画面に<ALT>+F1で戻ります <br />
最初のメニューエントリー &quot;Prepare Hard Drive&quot;を選択してください<br />
* オプション 1: Auto Prepare(自動パーティーション)<br />
自動パーティーションは以下のような設定にしたがってディスクを分割します:<br />
<br />
* ext2 /boot パーティーション, デフォルト サイズ 32MB. ''サイズを変更するのであればその値を入力して決定''<br />
* swap パーティーション, デフォルト サイズ 256MB. ''サイズを変更するのであればその値を入力して決定''<br />
* / と /home パーティーションがそれぞれ作成されます (サイズもそれぞれ指定できます)利用可能なファイルシステムは ext2, ext3, ext4, reiserfs, xfs と jfsです。 以下のことに注意して下さい / と /home パーティーションはともに同じファイルタイプになります。これは現在の自動パーティーションの仕様です。<br />
<br />
ここで忠告しておきます!自動パーティーションは選択したハードディスクの内容を完全に消し去ります。インストーラーの表示する注意をよく読んで理解してください。くれぐれも間違ったハードディスクをパーティーションしないでください。<br />
<br />
* オプション 2: '''(これが推奨です)''' Partition Hard Drives (と cfdisk)<br />
<br />
このオプションは、個人が使用するものとして最も強力なパーティーション能力を提供します。<br />
<br />
''GNU/Linuxに対する知識が経験豊富なユーザーで自分のシステム環境にそって自らの判断でパーティーションをカスタマイズする人はこの項を飛ばして '''[[#D: Select Packages|D: Select Packages]]'''まで進んでください。<br />
<br />
{{Note|USB flashメモリーにインストールしようとしている人は "[[Installing Arch Linux on a USB key]]"の項を読んでください}}<br />
<br />
====Partition Hard Drives====<br />
<br />
=====パーティーション情報(Partition Info)=====<br />
<br />
ディスクのパーティーションをするということは、そのディスク内を任意の区画(パーティーション)としてそれぞれ定義することです。それらは分割したディスクとして振る舞い、それらの上にファイルシステムが構築(フォーマット)されます。<br />
<br />
*3っのタイプのパーティーション形態があります:<br />
#Primary(プライマリ)<br />
#Extended(拡張)<br />
#Logical(論理)<br />
'''Primary'''(プライマリ)パーティーションは起動可能です。 そして一つのディスクもしくはRAIDボリュームに対して4つまでプライマリ パーティションを作成できます。もし、パーティーション計画が4つ以上になる場合は'''extended'''(拡張)パーティーションを用いてその中に'''logical'''(論理)パーティーションを内包する形で構成することが必須です。<br />
<br />
'''extended'''(拡張)パーティーションはそれ自身では使えません; これらは単に'''logical'''(論理)パーティーションの入れ物に過ぎません。必要ならば、一つのハードディスクに一つだけ'''extended'''(拡張)パーティーションを作ることができ、それをさらに'''logical'''(論理)パーティーションに分割して使います。<br />
<br />
ディスクをパーティーションするときは、次のような法則があります。プライマリーパーティーションをsda1からsda2、sda3、と言う順番で番号を振っていき、'''extended'''(拡張)パーティーションはsda4になります。その中を'''logical'''(論理)パーティーションがsda5, sda6,.....と言う具合につづきます<br />
<br />
=====スワップパーティーション(Swap Partition)=====<br />
スワップパーティーションは仮想RAMが実体を持つものとしてハードディスクドライブ上に配置された物で、実際のRAMでは補えないデータをカーネルがディスクを一時的な置き場所として簡単に使える<br />
ようにするために作られたものです。<br />
<br />
成り立ちの上では、スワップパーティーションは物理的なメモリーの2倍が一般的なルールとして来ましたが、今日ではコンピューターがかつて手に入れることができなかったほど大容量のメモリを得るようになり、このルールは徐々に意味の無い物になってきています。一般に、512MBのRAMを持つマシンではこの"2倍ルール"は十分過ぎるほどです。1GBのRAMを持つマシンでは1倍ルールが妥当でしょう。もし、インストール対象のマシンがものすごく大量のRAM(more than 1024 MB)を持っているのならば、SWAPパーティーションの事はすっかり忘れてしまってもいいぐらいでしょう。とはいえ、こんなことは推奨されません(したの注意を参照して下さい)。1GBのスワップパーティーションは例としてこの様な形で使われます。<br />
<br />
{{Note|サスペンド(ハイバネーション)機能を使うのであれば、スワップパーティーションは最低でもメモリーサイズと同量が必須になります。Archユーザーの中にはバットセクターがあった時のために実際のRAMより10-15%多めにとることが推奨だという人もいます。}}<br />
<br />
=====パーティーション計画(Partition Scheme)=====<br />
ディスクのパーティション計画はとても個人の好みによるところが大きいです。<br />
それぞれのユーザーの決定は彼らのコンピュータを使う癖や条件によって様々なものになります。<br />
もし、Arch LinuxとWindowsオペレーティングシステムのデュアルブートシステムを考えているのなら、<br />
[[Windows and Arch Dual Boot]]を読んでください<br />
<br />
それぞれのパーティーションに割り当てるファイルシステムの候補たち:<br />
<br />
'''/ (root)''' ''root(ルート)はすべてのファイルシステムの根本で、ファイルシステムの最上部に位置づけられるものです。<br />
すべてのファイルとディレクトリー、物理的に異なったデバイスに保存されたファイルやディレクトリーでさえ、ルートディレクトリー / の下に表示されます。<br />
ルートディレクトリー(ファイルシステム)の内容には、起動、リストア、復旧、修理等を行う事ができるファイルやプログラムが収められているべきです。<br />
(/rootではありません。ここで話しているのは / です)''<br />
<br />
'''/boot''' ''このディレクトリーに収められているのはカーネルとRAMディスクイメージ、それにくわえてブートローダーの設定ファイル、stageファイルなどです。<br />
/bootにはカーネルがユーザースペースプログラムを実行するまでのデーターも含まれています。ここにはMBRのバックアップとセクターマップファイルも含まれることもあります。''<br />
<br />
'''/home''' ''ここにはユーザー自身のデーターとアプリケーションのためのユーザー専用設定ファイルがそれぞれのユーザー名のディレクトリーの中に、先頭に'.'を伴うファイル及びディレクトリー(ドットファイル)で保存されます。''<br />
<br />
'''/usr''' '' / がファイルシステムの最上に位置するファイルシステムならば、/usr はその次に位置づけられるものです。過半数がマルチーユーザーのためのユーティリティーとアプリケーションで、/usr は共有可能で読み込み専用です。このことが意味することは、/usr は複数のホスト間で共有可能で、書き込み禁止であるべきです(システムがupdate/upgradeするときは別)。ホスト専用のデーターや、時間の経過とともに変化するようなデーターはどこかよそに保存されるべきです。''<br />
<br />
'''/tmp''' ''アプリケーションが一時的に必要なデーターを保存するディレクトリーです。''<br />
<br />
'''/var''' ''可変する('''var'''iable)データーが保存されます。spoolディレクトリーとファイル。管理用のデーターとログ、pacmanのキャッシュ、ABSツリー、その他''<br />
<br />
{{Note | /bootはべつにして, システム起動のために必要な基本ディレクトリーは: '/bin', '/dev', '/etc', '/lib', '/proc' と '/sbin'です。なのでこれらは / と別に分けられたパーティーションにインストールするべきではありません。}}<br />
'''''全部いっしょにして一つのパーティションにインストールする事に比べて、ファイルシステムを分割することには、いくつかのアドバンテージがあります。''''':<br />
<br />
* セキュリティー:それぞれのファイルシステムに対してそれぞれの設定'nosuid', 'nodev', 'noexec', 'readonly', etcを /etc/fstabで指定できます<br />
* 安定性:書き込みのできるユーザーもしくはマルウェアがファイルシステムをゴミファイルでいっぱいにしてしまっても、それ以外のファイルシステム上で動作している重要なプログラムは影響を受けないで稼働できます。<br />
* スピード:頻繁に書き込みと削除のおこなわれるファイルシステムはファイルのフラグメントが発生します(フラグメントに対して有効な対策は絶対にそのファイルシステムを最大容量までいっぱいにしないことです)。<br />
分割されたファイルシステムはお互いに影響を受けませんし、それぞれ別々にデフラグを実行することもできます。<br />
* 整合性:万が一ファイルシステムが壊れても分割されたファイルシステムには影響がありません。<br />
* 多様性:複数のシステムでデーターを共有する場合、独立したファイルシステムを採用した方が有利です。それぞれのファイルシステムの利用方法やデーターの特性に合わせて最適なファイルシステムのタイプを選択できます。<br><br />
ここの例ではパーティーションを/, /var, /home, そして swap に分けるやり方で進めていきます。<br />
<br />
{{Note | /var は小さなファイルをたくさんの保有します。ファイルシステムのタイプを決定する時にはこのことを念頭において考慮するべきことです(/var を独立したパーティーションで作る場合)。}}<br />
<br />
パーティーションを分割しないことにも利点はあります。パーティーション計画は多様な条件により一つの正解と言える物がないので、最初から最も正しい選択をすることは大変むずかしく、それ自体が失敗を招く危険もあります。<br />
将来の危険を恐れず、勇敢に一つのパーティションを採用すれば最後の1Mまでディスクを有効に使うことも可能です。 Windowsは誕生から今日まで一度もシステムそれ自身のパーティーションの分割を考慮していませんが立派に生き残っています。<br />
<br />
=====How big should my partitions be?=====<br />
This question is best answered based upon individual needs.<br />
You may wish to simply create '''one partition for root and one partition for swap or only one root partition without swap''' or refer to the following examples and consider these guidelines to provide a frame of reference:<br />
* The root filesystem (/) in the example will contain the /usr directory, which can become moderately large, depending upon how much software is installed. 15-20 GB should be sufficient for most users.<br />
<br />
* The /var filesystem will contain, among other data, the [[ABS]] tree and the pacman cache. Keeping cached packages is useful and versatile; it provides the ability to downgrade packages if needed. /var tends to grow in size; the pacman cache can grow large over long periods of time, but can be safely cleared if needed. If you are using an SSD, you may wish to locate your /var on an HDD and keep the / and /home partitions on your SSD to avoid needless read/writes to the SSD. 6-8 Gigs on a desktop system should be sufficient for /var. Servers tend to have extremely large /var filesystems.<br />
<br />
* The /home filesystem is typically where user data, downloads, and multimedia reside. On a desktop system, /home is typically the largest filesystem on the drive by a large margin. Remember that if you chose to reinstall Arch, all the data on your /home partition will be untouched (so long as you have a separate /home partition). <br />
<br />
* An extra 25% of space added to each filesystem will provide a cushion for unforeseen occurrence, expansion, and serve as a preventive against fragmentation.<br />
'''''From the guidelines above, the example system shall contain a ~15GB root (/) partition, ~7GB /var, 1GB swap, and a /home containing the remaining disk space.'''''<br />
<br />
=====Create Partition:cfdisk=====<br />
Start by creating the primary partition that will contain the '''root''', (/) filesystem.<br />
<br />
Choose '''N'''ew -> Primary and enter the desired size for root (/). Put the partition at the beginning of the disk.<br />
<br />
Also choose the '''T'''ype by designating it as '83 Linux'. The created / partition shall appear as sda1 in our example.<br />
<br />
Now create a primary partition for /var, designating it as '''T'''ype 83 Linux. The created /var partition shall appear as sda2<br />
<br />
Next, create a partition for swap. Select an appropriate size and specify the '''T'''ype as 82 (Linux swap / Solaris). The created swap partition shall appear as sda3.<br />
<br />
Lastly, create a partition for your /home directory. Choose another primary partition and set the desired size.<br />
<br />
Likewise, select the '''T'''ype as 83 Linux. The created /home partition shall appear as sda4.<br />
<br />
Example:<br />
<br />
Name Flags Part Type FS Type [Label] Size (MB)<br />
-------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
sda1 Primary Linux 15440 #root<br />
sda2 Primary Linux 6256 #/var<br />
sda3 Primary Linux swap / Solaris 1024 #swap<br />
sda4 Primary Linux 140480 #/home<br />
<br />
Choose '''W'''rite and type ''''yes''''. Beware that this operation may destroy data on your disk. Choose '''Q'''uit to leave the partitioner.<br />
Choose Done to leave this menu and continue with &quot;Set Filesystem Mountpoints&quot;.<br />
<br />
{{Note | Since the latest developments of the Linux kernel which include the libata and PATA modules, all IDE, SATA and SCSI drives have adopted the sd''x'' naming scheme. This is perfectly normal and should not be a concern.}}<br />
<br />
====Set Filesystem Mountpoints====<br />
First you will be asked for your swap partition. Choose the appropriate partition (sda3 in this example). You will be asked if you want to create a swap filesystem; select yes. Next, choose where to mount the / (root) directory (sda1 in the example). At this time, you will be asked to specify the filesystem type.<br />
<br />
=====Filesystem Types=====<br />
Again, a filesystem type is a very subjective matter which comes down to personal preference. Each has its own advantages, disadvantages, and unique idiosyncrasies. Here is a very brief overview of supported filesystems:<br />
<br />
1. '''ext2''' ''Second Extended Filesystem''- Old, reliable GNU/Linux filesystem. Very stable, but ''without journaling support''. May be inconvenient for root (/) and /home, due to very long fsck's. ''An ext2 filesystem can easily be converted to ext3.'' Generally regarded as a good choice for /boot/.<br />
<br />
2. '''ext3''' ''Third Extended Filesystem''- Essentially the ext2 system, but with journaling support. ext3 is completely compatible with ext2. ''Extremely'' stable, mature, and by far the most widely used, supported and developed GNU/Linux FS.<br />
<br />
'''High Performance Filesystems:'''<br />
<br />
3. '''ext4''' ''Fourth Extended Filesystem''- Backward compatible with ext2 and ext3, Introduces support for volumes with sizes up to 1 exabyte and files with sizes up to 16 terabyte. Increases the 32,000 subdirectory limit in ext3 to 64,000. Offers online defragmentation ability. <br />
{{Note | ext4 is a new filesystem and may have some bugs.}}<br />
<br />
4. '''ReiserFS''' (V3)- Hans Reiser's high-performance journaling FS uses a very interesting method of data throughput based on an unconventional and creative algorithm. ReiserFS is touted as very fast, especially when dealing with many small files. ReiserFS is fast at formatting, yet comparatively slow at mounting. Quite mature and stable. ReiserFS is not actively developed at this time (Reiser4 is the new Reiser filesystem). Generally regarded as a good choice for /var/.<br />
<br />
5. '''JFS''' - IBM's '''J'''ournaled '''F'''ile'''S'''ystem- The first filesystem to offer journaling. JFS had many years of use in the IBM AIX® OS before being ported to Linux. JFS currently uses the least CPU resources of any GNU/Linux filesystem. Very fast at formatting, mounting and fsck's, and very good all-around performance, especially in conjunction with the deadline I/O scheduler. (See [[JFS]].) Not as widely supported as ext or ReiserFS, but very mature and stable.<br />
<br />
6. '''XFS''' - Another early journaling filesystem originally developed by Silicon Graphics for the IRIX OS and ported to Linux. XFS offers very fast throughput on large files and large filesystems. Very fast at formatting and mounting. Generally benchmarked as slower with many small files, in comparison to other filesystems. XFS is very mature and offers online defragmentation ability.<br />
* JFS and XFS filesystems cannot be ''shrunk'' by disk utilities (such as gparted or parted magic)<br />
<br />
===== A note on Journaling=====<br />
All above filesystems, except ext2, utilize [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journaling_file_system journaling]. Journaling file systems are fault-resilient file systems that use a journal to log changes before they are committed to the file system to avoid metadata corruption in the event of a crash. Note that not all journaling techniques are alike; specifically, only ext3 and ext4 offer ''data-mode journaling'', (though, not by default), which journals ''both'' data ''and'' meta-data (but with a significant speed penalty). The others only offer ''ordered-mode journaling'', which journals meta-data only. While all will return your filesystem to a valid state after recovering from a crash, ''data-mode journaling'' offers the greatest protection against file system corruption and data loss but can suffer from performance degradation, as all data is written twice (first to the journal, then to the disk). Depending upon how important your data is, this may be a consideration in choosing your filesystem type.<br />
<br />
'''''Moving on...'''''<br />
<br />
Choose and create the filesystem (format the partition) for / by selecting '''yes'''. You will now be prompted to add any additional partitions. In our example, sda2 and sda4 remain. For sda2, choose a filesystem type and mount it as /var. Finally, choose the filesystem type for sda4, and mount it as /home. Return to main menu.<br />
<br />
===D: Select Packages===<br />
<br />
*Core ISO: Choose CD as source and select the appropriate CD drive if more than one exist on the installation machine.<br />
*Netinstall: Select an FTP/HTTP mirror. ''Note that archlinux.org is throttled to 50KB/s''.<br />
<br />
Package selection is split into two stages. First, select the package category:<br />
{{Note | For expedience, all packages in '''base''' are selected by default. Use the space-bar to select and de-select packages.}}<br />
* '''Base''': The minimal base environment. ''Always select it and only remove packages that will not be used.''<br />
* '''Base-devel''': Extra tools such as '''make''', '''automake''' and '''wireless-tools''' as well as wireless firmwares. ''Most beginners should choose to install it, and will probably need it later.<br />
''<br />
After category selection, you will be presented with the full lists of packages, allowing you to fine-tune your selections. Use the space bar to select and unselect.<br />
<br />
{{Note | If you are going to require connection to a wireless network with WPA encryption, consider installing netcfg2 (as well as wireless_tools), which will enable you to do so.}}<br />
<br />
Adter selecting the needed packages, leave the selection<br />
screen and continue to the next step, Install Packages.<br />
<br />
===E: Install Packages===<br />
Next, choose 'Install Packages'. You will be asked if you wish to keep the packages in the pacman cache. If you choose 'yes', you will have the flexibility to [[Downgrade packages|downgrade]] to previous package versions in the future, so this is recommended (you can always clear the cache in the future). The installer script will now install the selected packages, as well as the default Arch 2.6 kernel, to your system.<br />
*Netinstall: The [[Pacman]] package manager will now download and install your selected packages. (See vc/5 for output, vc/1 to return to the installer)<br />
*Core image: The packages will be installed from the CD/USB stick.<br />
<br />
===F: Configure the System===<br />
''Closely following and understanding these steps is of key importance to ensure a properly configured system.''<br />
<br />
At this stage of the installation, you will configure the primary configuration files of your Arch Linux base system.<br />
<br />
Previous versions of the installer included [[Hwdetect|hwdetect]] to gather information for your configuration. This has been deprecated, and '''[[Udev|udev]]''' should handle most module loading automatically at boot.<br />
<br />
====The initramfs====<br />
The initial ram filesystem, or initramfs, is a temporary file system used by the kernel during boot. It is used for making preparations like hardware detection and module loading, before the real root file system can be mounted. Therefore, an initramfs allows for the use of a generic modular kernel for a wide variety of hardware, and without the need to compile a custom kernel for each installation.<br />
<br />
You will be prompted by a series of questions related to the configuration of your initramfs. You will be asked if you need support for booting from USB devices, FireWire devices, PCMCIA devices, NFS shares, software RAID arrays, LVM2 volumes, encrypted volumes, and DSDT support. Choose yes if you need it; in our example nothing is needed. Choosing 'yes' for any of the above will cause the installer script to place the appropriate hook(s) within the <code>/etc/mkinitcpio.conf</code> file.<br />
<br />
Now you will be asked which text editor you want to use; choose [[Nano|nano]], [http://joe-editor.sourceforge.net/ joe] or [[Vim|vi]]. You will be presented with a menu including the main configuration files for your system.<br />
<br />
{{Note | ''It is very important at this point to edit, or at least verify by opening, every configuration file.'' The installer script relies on your input to create these files on your installation. A common error is to skip over these critical steps of configuration.}}<br />
<br />
=====Can the installer handle this more automatically?=====<br />
Hiding the process of system configuration is in direct opposition to '''''[[The Arch Way]]'''''. While it is true that recent versions of the kernel and hardware probing tools offer excellent hardware support and auto-configuration, Arch presents the user all pertinent configuration files during installation for the purposes of ''transparency and system resource control''. By the time you have finished modifying these files to your specifications, you will have learned the simple method of manual Arch Linux system configuration and become more familiar with the base structure, leaving you better prepared to use and maintain your new installation productively.<br />
<br />
'''''Moving on...'''''<br />
<br />
====/etc/rc.conf====<br />
Arch Linux uses the file '''/etc/rc.conf''' as the principal location for system configuration. This one file contains a wide range of configuration information, principally used at system startup. As its name directly implies, it also contains settings for and invokes the /etc/rc* files, and is, of course, sourced ''by'' these files.<br />
<br />
=====LOCALIZATION section=====<br />
* '''LOCALE'''=: This sets your system locale, which will be used by all i18n-aware applications and utilities. You can get a list of the available locales by running 'locale -a' from the command line. This setting's default is fine for US English users.<br />
* '''HARDWARECLOCK'''=: Specifies whether the hardware clock, which is synchronized on boot and on shutdown, stores '''UTC''' time, or the '''localtime'''=: UTC makes sense because it greatly simplifies changing timezones and daylight savings time. localtime is necessary if you dual boot with an operating system such as Windows, that only stores localtime to the hardware clock.<br />
* '''USEDIRECTISA'''=: Use direct I/O request instead of /dev/rtc for hwclock<br />
* '''TIMEZONE'''=: Specify your TIMEZONE. (All available zones are under /usr/share/zoneinfo/).<br />
* '''KEYMAP'''=: The available keymaps are in /usr/share/kbd/keymaps. Please note that this setting is only valid for your TTYs, not any graphical window managers or '''X'''.<br />
* '''CONSOLEFONT'''=: Available console fonts reside under /usr/share/kbd/consolefonts/ if you must change. The default (blank) is safe.<br />
* '''CONSOLEMAP'''=: Defines the console map to load with the setfont program at boot. Possible maps are found in /usr/share/kbd/consoletrans, if needed. The default (blank) is safe.<br />
* '''USECOLOR'''=: Select &quot;yes&quot; if you have a color monitor and wish to have colors in your consoles.<br />
LOCALE=&quot;en_US.utf8&quot;<br />
HARDWARECLOCK=&quot;localtime&quot;<br />
USEDIRECTISA=&quot;no&quot;<br />
TIMEZONE=&quot;US/Eastern&quot;<br />
KEYMAP=&quot;us&quot;<br />
CONSOLEFONT=<br />
CONSOLEMAP=<br />
USECOLOR=&quot;yes&quot;<br />
<br />
=====HARDWARE Section=====<br />
* '''MOD_AUTOLOAD'''=: Setting this to &quot;yes&quot; will use '''udev''' to automatically probe hardware and load the appropriate modules during boot, (convenient with the default modular kernel). Setting this to &quot;no&quot; will rely on the user's ability to specify this information manually, or compile their own custom kernel and modules, etc.<br />
* '''MOD_BLACKLIST'''=: This has become deprecated in favor of adding blacklisted modules directly to the '''MODULES=''' line below.<br />
* '''MODULES'''=: Specify additional MODULES if you know that an important module is missing. If your system has any floppy drives, add "floppy". If you will be using loopback filesystems, add "loop". Also specify any blacklisted modules by prefixing them with a bang (!). Udev will be forced NOT to load blacklisted modules. In the example, the IPv6 module as well as the annoying pcspeaker are blacklisted.<br />
# Scan hardware and load required modules at boot<br />
MOD_AUTOLOAD=&quot;yes&quot;<br />
# Module Blacklist - Deprecated<br />
MOD_BLACKLIST=()<br />
#<br />
MODULES=(!net-pf-10 !snd_pcsp !pcspkr loop)<br />
<br />
=====NETWORKING Section=====<br />
* '''HOSTNAME'''=:Set your HOSTNAME to your liking.<br />
* '''eth0'''=: 'Ethernet, card 0'. Adjust the interface IP address, netmask and broadcast address ''if'' you are using '''static IP'''. Set eth0=&quot;dhcp&quot; if you want to use '''DHCP'''<br />
* '''INTERFACES'''=: Specify all interfaces here. <br />
* '''gateway'''=: If you are using '''static IP''', set the gateway address. If using '''DHCP''', you can usually ignore this variable, though some users have reported the need to define it.<br />
* '''ROUTES'''=: If you are using static '''IP''', remove the '''!''' in front of 'gateway'. If using '''DHCP''', you can usually leave this variable commented out with the bang (!), but again, some users require the gateway and ROUTES defined. If you experience networking issues with pacman, for instance, you may want to return to these variables.<br />
<br />
======Example, using a dynamically assigned IP address ('''DHCP''')======<br />
HOSTNAME=&quot;arch&quot;<br />
#eth0=&quot;eth0 192.168.0.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255&quot;<br />
eth0=&quot;dhcp&quot;<br />
INTERFACES=(eth0)<br />
gateway=&quot;default gw 192.168.0.1&quot;<br />
ROUTES=(!gateway)<br />
{{Note | Arch uses the '''dhcpcd''' DHCP client. Alternatively, '''dhclient''' is available from the [extra] repository via pacman.}}<br />
{{Tip|<code>/etc/conf.d/dhcpcd</code> may be edited to keep the dhcpcd daemon from overwriting <code>/etc/resolv.conf</code>. This is useful, for example, if you want a static assignment of search and nameservers.}}<br />
<br />
Example <code>/etc/conf.d/dhcpcd</code> modified to prevent the daemon from overwriting /etc/resolv.conf:<br />
# Arguments to be passed to the DHCP client daemon<br />
# DHCPCD_ARGS="-q"<br />
DHCPCD_ARGS="-C resolv.conf -q"<br />
<br />
======Example, using a '''static''' IP address======<br />
HOSTNAME=&quot;arch&quot;<br />
eth0="eth0 192.168.0.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255"<br />
INTERFACES=(eth0)<br />
gateway="default gw 192.168.0.1"<br />
ROUTES=(gateway)<br />
<br />
{{tip|If using a non-standard MTU size (a.k.a. jumbo frames) is desired AND the installation machine hardware supports them, see the [[Jumbo Frames]] wiki article for further configuration.}}<br />
<br />
{{Note|In some cases, users will need to modify their {{Filename|/etc/resolv.conf}} to prevent the dhcpcd daemon from overwriting the DNS entries.}}<br />
<br />
Modify {{Filename|/etc/resolv.conf}} to contain the DNS servers of choice. Example:<br />
search my.isp.net.<br />
nameserver 4.2.2.1<br />
nameserver 4.2.2.2<br />
nameserver 4.2.2.3<br />
<br />
=====DAEMONS Section=====<br />
This array simply lists the names of those scripts contained in /etc/rc.d/ which are to be started during the boot process, and the order in which they start. <br />
DAEMONS=(network @syslog-ng netfs @crond)<br />
*If a script name is prefixed with a bang (!), it is not executed.<br />
*If a script is prefixed with an &quot;at&quot; symbol (@), it shall be executed in the background; the startup sequence will not wait for successful completion of each daemon before continuing to the next. (Useful for speeding up system boot). Do not background daemons that are needed by other daemons. For example "mpd" depends on "network", therefore backgrounding network may cause mpd to break.<br />
*Edit this array whenever new system services are installed, if starting them automatically during boot is desired.<br />
<br />
{{Note | This 'BSD-style' init, is the Arch way of handling what other distributions handle with various symlinks to an /etc/init.d directory.}}<br />
<br />
======About DAEMONS======<br />
The [[daemons]] line need not be changed at this time, but it is useful to explain what daemons are, as they will be addressed later in this guide.<br />
A ''daemon'' is a program that runs in the background, waiting for events to occur and offering services. A good example is a webserver that waits for a request to deliver a page (e.g.:httpd) or an SSH server waiting for a user login (e.g.:sshd). While these are full-featured applications, there are also daemons whose work is not that visible. Examples are a daemon which writes messages into a log file (e.g. syslog, metalog), a daemon which lowers the CPU frequency if the system has nothing to do (e.g.:cpufreq), and a daemon which provides a graphical login (e.g.: gdm, kdm). All these programs can be added to the daemons line and will be started when the system boots. Useful daemons will be presented during this guide.<br />
<br />
Historically, the term ''daemon'' was coined by the programmers of MIT's Project MAC. They took the name from ''Maxwell's demon'', an imaginary being from a famous thought experiment that constantly works in the background, sorting molecules. <tt>UNIX</tt> systems inherited this terminology and created the backronym '''d'''isk '''a'''nd '''e'''xecution '''mon'''itor.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|All Arch daemons reside under /etc/rc.d/}}<br />
<br />
====/etc/fstab====<br />
The '''fstab''' (for '''f'''ile '''s'''ystems '''tab'''le) is part of the system configuration listing all available disks and disk partitions, and indicating how they are to be initialized or otherwise integrated into the overall system's filesystem. The '''/etc/fstab''' file is most commonly used by the '''mount''' command. The mount command takes a filesystem on a device, and adds it to the main system hierarchy that you see when you use your system. '''mount -a''' is called from /etc/rc.sysinit, about 3/4 of the way through the boot process, and reads /etc/fstab to determine which options should be used when mounting the specified devices therein. If '''noauto''' is appended to a filesystem in /etc/fstab, '''mount -a''' will not mount it at boot.<br />
<br />
=====An example /etc/fstab=====<br />
# <file system> <dir> <type> <options> <dump> <pass><br />
none /dev/pts devpts defaults 0 0<br />
none /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0<br />
#/dev/cdrom /media/cdrom auto ro,user,noauto,unhide 0 0<br />
#/dev/dvd /media/dvd auto ro,user,noauto,unhide 0 0<br />
#/dev/fd0 /media/fl auto user,noauto 0 0<br />
/dev/disk/by-uuid/0ec-933.. / jfs defaults,noatime 0 1<br />
/dev/disk/by-uuid/7ef-223.. /home jfs defaults,noatime 0 2<br />
/dev/disk/by-uuid/530-1e-.. swap swap defaults 0 0<br />
/dev/disk/by-uuid/4fe-110.. /var reiserfs defaults,noatime,notail 0 2<br />
{{Note | The 'noatime' option disables writing read access times to the metadata of files and may safely be appended to / and /home regardless of your specified filesystem type for increased speed, performance, and power efficiency. 'notail' disables the ReiserFS tailpacking feature, for added performance at the cost of slightly less efficient disk usage.}}<br />
{{Note | It may be beneficial to make a note of the UUID of the root (/) partition, as this may be required during GRUB configuration.}}<br />
<br />
* '''<file system>''': describes the block device or remote filesystem to be mounted. For regular mounts, this field will contain a link to a block device node (as created by mknod which is called by udev at boot) for the device to be mounted; for instance, '/dev/cdrom' or '/dev/sda1'. Instead of giving the device explicitly, the Arch installer indicates the filesystem that is to be mounted by its UUID by default.<br />
{{Note | As of 2008-04rc, Arch is now utilizing the UUID, or Universally Unique Identifier naming convention, for consistent device mapping. This is due to active developments in the kernel and also udev, which may randomly change the ordering in which drivers for storage controllers are loaded, yielding an unbootable system/kernel panic. Nearly every motherboard has several controllers (onboard SATA, onboard IDE), and due to the aforementioned development updates, /dev/sda may become /dev/sdb on the next reboot- hence the persistent device naming convention of UUID has been adopted for reliability. ''If you do not need nor wish to use UUID, simply change your fstab to use whatever naming convention desired.'' (See [[Persistent block device naming| this wiki article]] for more information on persistent block device naming. )}}<br />
<code>ls -lF /dev/disk/by-uuid/</code><br />
will list all partitions by UUID, while<br />
<code>/sbin/blkid</code><br />
will show a list correlating each partition with its label, filesystem type and UUID. <br><br />
''Note: this command is installed by the '''e2fsprogs''' package.''<br />
<br />
* '''<dir>''': describes the mount point for the filesystem. For swap partitions, this field should be specified as 'swap'; (Swap partitions are not actually mounted.)<br />
<br />
* '''<type>''': describes the type of the filesystem. The Linux kernel supports many filesystem types. (For the filesystems currently supported by the running kernel, see /proc/filesystems). An entry 'swap' denotes a file or partition to be used for swapping. An entry 'ignore' causes the line to be ignored. This is useful to show disk partitions which are currently unused.<br />
<br />
* '''<options>''': describes the mount options associated with the filesystem. It is formatted as a comma separated list of options with no intervening spaces. It contains at least the type of mount plus any additional options appropriate to the filesystem type. For documentation on the available options for non-nfs file systems, see mount(8).<br />
<br />
* '''<dump>''': used by the dump(8) command to determine which filesystems are to be dumped. dump is a backup utility. If the fifth field is not present, a value of zero is returned and dump will assume that the filesystem does not need to be backed up. ''Note that dump is not installed by default.''<br />
<br />
* '''<pass>''': used by the fsck(8) program to determine the order in which filesystem checks are done at boot time. The root filesystem should be specified with a <pass> of 1, and other filesystems should have a <pass> of 2 or 0. Filesystems within a drive will be checked sequentially, but filesystems on different drives will be checked at the same time to utilize parallelism available in the hardware. If the sixth field is not present or zero, a value of zero is returned and fsck will assume that the filesystem does not need to be checked.<br />
<br />
*If you plan on using '''hal''' to automount media such as DVDs, you may wish to comment out the cdrom and dvd entries in preparation for '''hal''', which will be installed later in this guide.<br />
<br />
Expanded information available in the [[Fstab]] wiki entry.<br />
<br />
===='''[[Configuring mkinitcpio | /etc/mkinitcpio]].conf'''====<br />
This file allows further fine-tuning of the initial ram filesystem, or initramfs, (also historically referred to as the initial ramdisk or &quot;initrd&quot;) for your system. The initramfs is a gzipped image that is read by the kernel during boot. As explained above, the purpose of the initramfs is to bootstrap the system to the point where it can access the root filesystem. This means it has to load any modules that are required for devices like IDE, SCSI, or SATA drives (or USB/FW, if you are booting off a USB/FW drive). Once the initrramfs loads the proper modules, either manually or through udev, it passes control to the kernel and your boot continues. For this reason, the initramfs only needs to contain the modules necessary to access the root filesystem. It does not need to contain every module you would ever want to use. The majority of your everyday modules will be loaded later on by udev, during the init process.<br />
<br />
'''mkinitcpio''' is the next generation of '''initramfs creation'''. It has many advantages over the old '''mkinitrd''' and '''mkinitramfs''' scripts.<br />
<br />
* It uses '''klibc''' and '''kinit''' which are developed by Linux kernel devs to provide a small and lightweight base for early userspace.<br />
* It can use '''udev''' for hardware autodetection at runtime, thus prevents you from having tons of unnecessary modules loaded.<br />
* Its hook-based init script is easily extendable with custom hooks, which can easily be included in pacman packages without having to modifiy mkinitcpio itself.<br />
* It already supports '''lvm2''', '''dm-crypt''' for both legacy and luks volumes, '''raid''', '''swsusp''' and '''suspend2''' resuming and booting from '''usb mass storage''' devices.<br />
* Many features can be configured from the kernel command line without having to rebuild the image.<br />
* The '''mkinitcpio''' script makes it possible to include the image in a kernel, thus making a self-contained kernel image is possible.<br />
* Its flexibility makes recompiling a kernel unnecessary in many cases.<br />
<br />
If you are using a non-US keyboard you may want to add &quot;<code>keymap</code>&quot; to the &quot;<code>HOOKS=</code>&quot; section of '''/etc/mkinitcpio.conf''' to load your local keymap during boot, e.g.:<br />
HOOKS="base udev autodetect pata scsi sata filesystems keymap"<br />
Otherwise if boot fails for some reason you will be asked to enter root's password for system maintenance but will be unable to do so.<br />
<br />
''If you are using a US keyboard editing this configuration should be unnecessary at this point.''<br />
<br />
'''mkinitcpio''' was developed by Aaron Griffin and Tobias Powalowski with some help from the community.<br />
<br />
==== /etc/modprobe.conf====<br />
It is unnecessary to configure this file at this time.<br />
<br />
* '''modprobe.conf''' can be used to set special configuration options for the kernel modules<br />
{{Note | The new module-init-tools 3.8 package changes the location of the configuration file: /etc/modprobe.conf is no longer read, instead /etc/modprobe.d/modprobe.conf is used. [http://www.archlinux.org/news/450/ link]}}<br />
<br />
====/etc/resolv.conf (for Static IP)====<br />
The ''resolver'' is a set of routines in the C library that provide access to the Internet Domain Name System (DNS). One of the main functions of DNS is to translate domain names into IP addresses, to make the Web a friendlier place. The resolver configuration file, or /etc/resolv.conf, contains information that is read by the resolver routines the first time they are invoked by a process.<br />
<br />
*''If you are using DHCP, you may safely ignore this file, as by default, it will be dynamically created and destroyed by the dhcpcd daemon. You may change this default behavior if you wish. (See [http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Network#For_DHCP_IP Network]]).''<br />
<br />
If you use a static IP, set your DNS servers in /etc/resolv.conf (nameserver <ip-address>). You may have as many as you wish.<br />
An example, using OpenDNS:<br />
nameserver 208.67.222.222<br />
nameserver 208.67.220.220<br />
<br />
If you are using a router, you will probably want to specify your DNS servers in the router itself, and merely point to it from your '''/etc/resolv.conf''', using your router's IP (which is also your gateway from '''/etc/rc.conf'''), e.g.:<br />
nameserver 192.168.1.1<br />
<br />
If using '''DHCP''', you may also specify your DNS servers in the router, or allow automatic assignment from your ISP, if your ISP is so equipped.<br />
<br />
====/etc/hosts====<br />
This file associates IP addresses with hostnames and aliases, one line per IP address. For each host a single line should be present with the following information:<br />
<IP-address> <hostname> [aliases...]<br />
Add your ''hostname'', coinciding with the one specified in /etc/rc.conf, as an alias, so that it looks like this:<br />
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost '''''yourhostname'''''<br />
{{Note |''This format, '''including the 'localhost' and your actual host name''', is required for program compatibility! So, if you have named your computer Archhost, then that line above should look like this:<br />
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost Archhost<br />
Errors in this entry may cause poor network performance and/or certain programs to open very slowly, or not work at all. This is a very common error for beginners.''}}<br />
<br />
If you use a static IP, add another line using the syntax: <static-IP> <hostname.domainname.org> <hostname> e.g.:<br />
192.168.1.100 '''''yourhostname'''''.domain.org '''''yourhostname'''''<br />
<br />
{{Tip|For convenience, you may also use /etc/hosts aliases for hosts on your network, and/or on the Web, e.g.:<br />
64.233.169.103 www.google.com g<br />
192.168.1.90 media<br />
192.168.1.88 data<br />
The above example would allow you to access google simply by typing 'g' into your browser, and access to a media and data server on your network by name and without the need for typing out their respective IP addresses.}}<br />
<br />
====/etc/hosts.deny and /etc/hosts.allow====<br />
Modify these configurations according to your needs if you plan on using the [[SSH|ssh]] daemon. The default configuration will reject all incoming connections, not only ssh connections. Edit your '''/etc/hosts.allow '''file and add the appropriate parameters: <br />
<br />
* let everyone connect to you<br />
sshd: ALL<br />
<br />
* restrict it to a certain ip<br />
sshd: 192.168.0.1<br />
<br />
* restrict it to your local LAN network (range 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.0.255)<br />
sshd: 192.168.0.<br />
<br />
* OR restrict for an IP range<br />
sshd: 10.0.0.0/255.255.255.0<br />
<br />
If you do not plan on using the [[SSH|ssh]] daemon, leave this file at the default, (empty), for added security.<br />
<br />
====/etc/locale.gen====<br />
The '''/usr/sbin/locale-gen''' command reads from '''/etc/locale.gen''' to generate specific locales. They can then be used by '''glibc''' and any other locale-aware program or library for rendering text, correctly displaying regional monetary values, time and date formats, alphabetic idiosyncrasies, and other locale-specific standards. The ability to setup a default locale is a great built-in privilege of using a <tt>UNIX</tt>-like operating system.<br />
<br />
By default /etc/locale.gen is an empty file with commented documentation. Once edited, the file remains untouched. '''locale-gen''' runs on every '''glibc''' upgrade, generating all the locales specified in /etc/locale.gen.<br />
<br />
Choose the locale(s) you need (remove the # in front of the lines you want), e.g.:<br />
en_US ISO-8859-1<br />
en_US.UTF-8 <br />
<br />
The installer will now run the locale-gen script, which will generate the locales you specified. You may change your locale in the future by editing /etc/locale.gen and subsequently running 'locale-gen' as root.<br />
<br />
{{Note |'''''If you fail to choose your locale, this will lead to a &quot;The current locale is invalid...&quot; error. This is perhaps the most common mistake by new Arch users, and also leads to the most commonly asked questions on the forum.'''''}}<br />
<br />
====Pacman-Mirror====<br />
Choose a mirror repository for '''pacman'''. <br />
*''archlinux.org is throttled, limiting downloads to 50KB/s''<br />
<br />
====Root password====<br />
Finally, set a root password and make sure that you remember it later. Return to the main menu and continue with installing bootloader.<br />
<br />
===G: Install Bootloader===<br />
Because we have no secondary operating system in our example, we will need a bootloader. [http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/ GNU GRUB] is the recommended bootloader. Alternatively, you may choose [http://lilo.go.dyndns.org/ LILO].<br />
<br />
====GRUB====<br />
The provided '''GRUB''' configuration ('''/boot/grub/menu.lst''') should be sufficient, but verify its contents to ensure accuracy (specifically, ensure that the root (/) partition is specified by UUID on line 3). You may want to alter the resolution of the console by adding a vga=<number> kernel argument corresponding to your desired virtual console resolution. (A table of resolutions and the corresponding numbers is printed in the menu.lst.)<br />
<br />
Example: <br />
title Arch Linux (Main)<br />
root (hd0,0) <br />
kernel /boot/vmlinuz26 root=/dev/disk/by-uuid/0ec1-9339.. ro vga=773<br />
initrd /boot/kernel26.img<br />
{{Note | ''The linux kernel, 'vmlinuz', is so named because it incorporated '''v'''irtual '''m'''emory capability early in its development. The '''z''' denotes a zipped (compressed) image.''}}<br />
<br />
Explanation:<br />
<br />
Line 1: '''title''': A printed menu selection. &quot;Arch Linux (Main)&quot; will be printed on the screen as a menu selection.<br />
<br />
Line 2: '''root''': '''GRUB''''s root; the drive and partition where the kernel (/boot) resides, according to system BIOS. (More accurately, where GRUB's stage2 file resides). '''NOT necessarily the root''' (/) file system, as they can reside on separate partitions. GRUB's numbering scheme starts at 0, and uses an hd''x,x'' format regardless of IDE or SATA, and enclosed within parentheses. <br />
<br />
The example indicates that /boot is on the first partition of the first drive, according to BIOS, or, (hd0,0).<br />
<br />
Line 3: '''kernel''': This line specifies:<br />
<br />
* The path and filename of the kernel '''''relative to GRUB's root'''''.<br />
In the example, /boot is merely a directory residing on the same partition as / and '''vmlinuz26''' is the kernel filename; '''/boot/vmlinuz26'''. ''If /boot were on a separate partition, the path and filename would be simply '''/vmlinuz26''', being relative to '''GRUB''''s root.'' <br />
<br />
* The root= argument to the kernel statement specifies the partition containing the root (/) directory in the booted system, (more accurately, the partition containing '''/sbin/init'''). If not already specified, you should enter the name of the partition, according to the UUID numbering scheme, using the ''/dev/disk/by-uuid/xxxx-xxxx-xxxx'' format. This UUID was found in the previous section regarding configuration of ''/etc/fstab''.<br />
<br />
*An easy way to distinguish the 2 appearances of 'root' in /boot/grub/menu.lst is to remember that the first root statement ''informs GRUB where the kernel resides'', whereas the second root= kernel argument ''tells the kernel where the root filesystem (/) resides''.<br />
<br />
* Kernel options. <br />
<br />
In our example, '''ro''' mounts the filesystem as read only during startup, (usually a safe default; you may wish to change this in case it causes problems booting) and the '''&quot;vga=773&quot;''' argument will give a 1024x768 framebuffer with 256 color depth.<br />
<br />
Line 4: '''initrd''': (For Initial RAM disk) The path and filename of the initial RAM filesystem '''relative to GRUB''''s root. Again, in the example, /boot is merely a directory residing on the same partition as / and '''kernel26.img''' is the initrd filename; '''/boot/kernel26.img'''. ''If /boot were on a separate partition, the path and filename would be simply '''/kernel26.img''', being relative to '''GRUB''''s root.'' <br />
<br />
Install the '''GRUB''' bootloader (to the master boot record, sda in our example).<br />
{{tip|For more details, see the [[GRUB]] wiki page.}}<br />
<br />
===H: Reboot===<br />
That's it; You have configured and installed your Arch Linux base system. Exit the install, and reboot:<br />
# reboot<br />
(Be sure to remove the installer CD)<br />
<br />
==Part II: Configure and Update the New Arch Linux base system==<br />
Your new Arch Linux system will boot up and finish with a login prompt (you may want to change the boot order in your '''BIOS''' back to booting from hard disk).<br />
<br />
'''Congratulations, and welcome to your new Arch Linux base system!'''<br />
<br />
Your new Arch Linux base system is now a functional GNU/Linux environment ready for customization. From here, you may build this elegant set of tools into whatever you wish or require for your purposes. <br />
<br />
Login with the root account. We will configure pacman and update the system as root, then add a normal user. <br />
{{Note |Virtual consoles 1-6 are available. You may swap between them with ALT+F1...F6}}<br />
<br />
===Step 1: Configuring the network (if necessary)===<br />
*''This section will assist you in configuring most types of networks, if your network configuration is not working for you.''<br />
<br />
If you properly configured your system, you should have a working network. Try to ping www.google.com to verify this.<br />
# ping -c 3 www.google.com<br />
<br />
''If you have successfully established a network connection, continue with '''[[#Step 2: Update, Sync and Upgrade the system with pacman|Update, Sync and Upgrade the system with pacman]]'''.''<br />
<br />
If, after trying to ping www.google.com, an &quot;unknown host&quot; error is received, you may conclude that your network is not properly configured. You may choose to double-check the following files for integrity and proper settings:<br />
<br />
'''/etc/rc.conf''' # Specifically, check your HOSTNAME= and NETWORKING section for typos and errors.<br />
<br />
'''/etc/hosts''' # Double-check your format. (See above.)<br />
<br />
'''/etc/resolv.conf''' # If you are using a static IP. If you are using DHCP, this file will be dynamically created and destroyed by default, but can be changed to your preference. (See [[Network]].)<br />
<br />
{{Tip|Advanced instructions for configuring the network can be found in the [[Network]] article.}}<br />
<br />
====Wired LAN====<br />
<br />
Check your Ethernet with<br />
# ifconfig -a<br />
All interfaces will be listed. You should see an entry for eth0, or perhaps eth1. <br />
*'''Static IP'''<br />
<br />
If required, you can set a new static IP with:<br />
# ifconfig eth0 <ip address> netmask <netmask> up <br />
and the default gateway with<br />
# route add default gw <ip address of the gateway><br />
Verify that /etc/resolv.conf contains your DNS server and add it if it is missing. <br />
Check your network again with ping www.google.com. If everything is working now, adjust /etc/rc.conf as described above for static IP. <br />
*'''DHCP'''<br />
If you have a DHCP server/router in your network try:<br />
# dhcpcd eth0<br />
If this is working, adjust /etc/rc.conf as described above, for dynamic IP.<br />
<br />
====Wireless LAN====<br />
* Ensure the driver has created a usable interface:<br />
# iwconfig<br />
* Bring the interface up with <code>ifconfig <interface> up</code>. e.g.:<br />
# ifconfig wlan0 up<br />
* (Optional) Scan for available access points:<br />
# iwlist wlan0 scan | less<br />
* Specify the id of the wireless network with <code>iwconfig <interface> essid <youressid></code>. Or, if using WEP; <code>iwconfig <interface> essid <youressid> key <yourwepkey></code>, e.g.:<br />
# iwconfig wlan0 essid linksys key ABCDEF01234<br />
* Request an IP address with <code>dhcpcd <interface></code>. e.g.:<br />
# dhcpcd wlan0<br />
* Ensure you can route:<br />
$ ping -c 3 www.google.com<br />
Done.<br />
<br />
Detailed setup guide: [[Wireless Setup]]<br />
<br />
====Analog Modem====<br />
To be able to use a Hayes-compatible, external, analog modem, you need to at least have the ppp package installed. Modify the file /etc/ppp/options to suit your needs and according to man pppd. You will need to define a chat script to supply your username and password to the ISP after the initial connection has been established. The manpages for pppd and chat have examples in them that should suffice to get a connection up and running if you're either experienced or stubborn enough. With udev, your serial ports usually are /dev/tts/0 and /dev/tts/1.<br />
Tip: Read [[Dialup without a dialer HOWTO]].<br />
<br />
Instead of fighting a glorious battle with the plain pppd, you may opt to install wvdial or a similar tool to ease the setup process considerably. In case you're using a so-called WinModem, which is basically a PCI plugin card working as an internal analog modem, you should indulge in the vast information found on the [http://www.linmodems.org/ LinModem] homepage.<br />
<br />
====ISDN====<br />
<br />
Setting up ISDN is done in three steps:<br />
# Install and configure hardware<br />
# Install and configure the ISDN utilities<br />
# Add settings for your ISP <br />
<br />
The current Arch stock kernels include the necessary ISDN modules, meaning that you will not need to recompile your kernel unless you're about to use rather odd ISDN hardware. After physically installing your ISDN card in your machine or plugging in your USB ISDN-Box, you can try loading the modules with modprobe. Nearly all passive ISDN PCI cards are handled by the hisax module, which needs two parameters: type and protocol. You must set protocol to '1' if your country uses the 1TR6 standard, '2' if it uses EuroISDN (EDSS1), '3' if you're hooked to a so-called leased-line without D-channel, and '4' for US NI1.<br />
<br />
Details on all those settings and how to set them is included in the kernel documentation, more specifically in the isdn subdirectory, and available online. The type parameter depends on your card; a list of all possible types can be found in the README.HiSax kernel documentation. Choose your card and load the module with the appropriate options like this:<br />
<br />
# modprobe hisax type=18 protocol=2<br />
<br />
This will load the hisax module for my ELSA Quickstep 1000PCI, being used in Germany with the EDSS1 protocol. You should find helpful debugging output in your /var/log/everything.log file, in which you should see your card being prepared for action. Please note that you will probably need to load some USB modules before you can work with an external USB ISDN Adapter.<br />
<br />
Once you have confirmed that your card works with certain settings, you can add the module options to your /etc/modprobe.conf:<br />
<br />
alias ippp0 hisax<br />
options hisax type=18 protocol=2<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can add only the options line here, and add hisax to your MODULES array in the rc.conf. It's your choice, really, but this example has the advantage that the module will not be loaded until it's really needed.<br />
<br />
That being done, you should have working, supported hardware. Now you need the basic utilities to actually use it!<br />
<br />
Install the isdn4k-utils package, and read the manpage to isdnctrl; it'll get you started. Further down in the manpage you will find explanations on how to create a configuration file that can be parsed by isdnctrl, as well as some helpful setup examples. Please note that you have to add your SPID to your MSN setting separated by a colon if you use US NI1.<br />
<br />
After you have configured your ISDN card with the isdnctrl utility, you should be able to dial into the machine you specified with the PHONE_OUT parameter, but fail the username and password authentication. To make this work add your username and password to /etc/ppp/pap-secrets or /etc/ppp/chap-secrets as if you were configuring a normal analogous PPP link, depending on which protocol your ISP uses for authentication. If in doubt, put your data into both files.<br />
<br />
If you set up everything correctly, you should now be able to establish a dial-up connection with<br />
# isdnctrl dial ippp0<br />
as root. If you have any problems, remember to check the logfiles!<br />
<br />
====DSL (PPPoE)====<br />
<br />
These instructions are relevant to you only if your PC itself is supposed to manage the connection to your ISP. You do not need to do anything but define a correct default gateway if you are using a separate router of some sort to do the grunt work.<br />
<br />
Before you can use your DSL online connection, you will have to physically install the network card that is supposed to be connected to the DSL-Modem into your computer. After adding your newly installed network card to the modules.conf/modprobe.conf or the MODULES array, you should install the rp-pppoe package and run the pppoe-setup script to configure your connection. After you have entered all the data, you can connect and disconnect your line with<br />
<br />
# /etc/rc.d/adsl start<br />
<br />
and<br />
<br />
# /etc/rc.d/adsl stop<br />
<br />
respectively. The setup usually is rather easy and straightforward, but feel free to read the manpages for hints. If you want to automatically 'dial in' at boot, add adsl to your DAEMONS array, and put a ! before the network entry, since the network is handled by adsl now.<br />
<br />
===Step 2: Update, Sync, and Upgrade the system with [[pacman]]===<br />
Now we will update the system using [[pacman]]. <br />
<br />
====What is pacman ?====<br />
[[Pacman]] is the '''pac'''kage '''man'''ager of Arch Linux. Pacman is written in ''C'' and is designed from the ground up to be lightweight with a very modest memory footprint, fast, simple, and versatile. It manages your entire package system and handles installation, removal, package downgrade (through cache), custom compiled package handling, automatic dependency resolution, remote and local searches and much more. Pacman's output is streamlined, very readable and provides ETA for each package download. Arch uses the .tar.gz package format, which further enhances pacman's speed; Gzipped tarballs, though slightly larger, are decompressed many times faster than their Bzipped counterparts, and are therefore installed much more expediently. <br />
<br />
We will use pacman to download software packages from remote repositories and install them onto your system.<br />
<br />
Pacman is the most important tool in your Arch Linux toolbox for building the base system into whatsoever you please.<br />
<br />
====Package Repositories and /etc/pacman.conf====<br />
Arch currently offers the following 4 repositories readily accessible through pacman:<br />
<br />
'''[core]'''<br />
<br />
The simple principle behind [core] is to provide only one of each necessary tool for a base Arch Linux system; The GNU toolchain, the Linux kernel, one editor, one command line browser, etc. (There are a few exceptions to this. For instance, both vi and nano are provided, allowing the user to choose one or both.) It contains all the packages that MUST be in perfect working order to ensure the system remains in a usable state. These are the absolute system-critical packages. <br />
* Developer maintained<br />
* All binary packages<br />
* pacman accessible <br />
*''The Core installation media simply contains an installer script, and a snapshot of the core repository at the time of release.''<br />
<br />
'''[extra]'''<br />
<br />
The [extra] repository contains all Arch packages that are not themselves necessary for a base Arch system, but contribute to a more full-featured environment. '''X''', KDE, and Apache, for instance, can be found here. <br />
* Developer maintained<br />
* All binary packages<br />
* pacman accessible<br />
'''[testing]'''<br />
<br />
The [testing] repository contains packages that are candidates for the [core] or [extra] repositories. New packages go into [testing] if:<br />
<br />
<nowiki>*</nowiki> they are expected to break something on update and need to be tested first.<br />
<br />
<nowiki>*</nowiki> they require other packages to be rebuilt. In this case, all packages that need to be rebuilt are put into [testing] first and when all rebuilds are done, they are moved back to the other repositories. <br />
* Developer maintained<br />
* All binary packages<br />
* pacman accessible<br />
{{Note|* [testing] is the only repository that can have name collisions with any of the other official repositories. Therefore, if enabled, [testing] must be the first repo listed in <code>pacman.conf</code>.}}<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Only experienced users should use [testing].}}<br />
<br />
'''[community]'''<br />
<br />
The [community] repository is maintained by the ''Trusted Users (TUs)'' and is simply the binary branch of the ''Arch User Repository ([[AUR]])''. It contains binary packages which originated as PKGBUILDs from ''AUR'' [unsupported] that have acquired enough votes and were adopted by a ''TU''. Like all repos listed above, [community] may be readily accessed by pacman.<br />
* TU maintained<br />
* All binary packages<br />
* pacman accessible<br />
<br />
'''AUR (unsupported)'''<br />
<br />
The '''[[AUR]]''' also contains the '''unsupported''' branch, which cannot be accessed directly by pacman*. '''AUR''' [unsupported] does not contain binary packages. Rather, it provides more than sixteen thousand PKGBUILD scripts for building packages from source, that may be unavailable through the other repos. When an AUR unsupported package acquires enough popular votes, it may be moved to the AUR [community] binary repo, if a TU is willing to adopt and maintain it there.<br />
* TU maintained<br />
* All PKGBUILD bash build scripts<br />
* '''''Not''''' pacman accessible by default<br />
<br />
<nowiki>*</nowiki> pacman wrappers ('''''[[AUR Helpers]]''''') can help you seamlessly access AUR.<br />
<br />
'''/etc/pacman.conf'''<br />
<br />
pacman will attempt to read /etc/pacman.conf each time it is invoked. This configuration file is divided into sections, or repositories. Each section defines a package [[Official Repositories|repository]] that pacman can use when searching for packages. The exception to this is the options section, which defines global options.<br />
<br />
Note that the defaults should work, so modifying at this point may be unnecessary, but verification is always recommended. Further info available in the [[Mirrors]] article.<br />
# nano /etc/pacman.conf<br />
Example:<br />
#<br />
# /etc/pacman.conf<br />
#<br />
# See the pacman.conf(5) manpage for option and repository directives<br />
<br />
#<br />
# GENERAL OPTIONS<br />
#<br />
[options]<br />
# The following paths are commented out with their default values listed.<br />
# If you wish to use different paths, uncomment and update the paths.<br />
#RootDir = /<br />
#DBPath = /var/lib/pacman/<br />
#CacheDir = /var/cache/pacman/pkg/<br />
#LogFile = /var/log/pacman.log<br />
HoldPkg = pacman glibc<br />
# If upgrades are available for these packages they will be asked for first<br />
SyncFirst = pacman<br />
#XferCommand = /usr/bin/wget --passive-ftp -c -O %o %u<br />
#XferCommand = /usr/bin/curl %u > %o<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
#IgnorePkg =<br />
#IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
#NoUpgrade =<br />
#NoExtract =<br />
<br />
# Misc options (all disabled by default)<br />
#NoPassiveFtp<br />
#UseSyslog<br />
#ShowSize<br />
#UseDelta<br />
#TotalDownload<br />
#<br />
# REPOSITORIES<br />
# - can be defined here or included from another file<br />
# - pacman will search repositories in the order defined here<br />
# - local/custom mirrors can be added here or in separate files<br />
# - repositories listed first will take precedence when packages<br />
# have identical names, regardless of version number<br />
# - URLs will have $repo replaced by the name of the current repo<br />
#<br />
# Repository entries are of the format:<br />
# [repo-name]<br />
# Server = ServerName<br />
# Include = IncludePath<br />
#<br />
# The header [repo-name] is crucial - it must be present and<br />
# uncommented to enable the repo.<br />
# <br />
<br />
# Testing is disabled by default. To enable, uncomment the following<br />
# two lines. You can add preferred servers immediately after the header,<br />
# and they will be used before the default mirrors.<br />
#[testing]<br />
#Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist<br />
<br />
[core]<br />
# Add your preferred servers here, they will be used first<br />
Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist<br />
<br />
[extra]<br />
# Add your preferred servers here, they will be used first<br />
Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist <br />
<br />
[community]<br />
# Add your preferred servers here, they will be used first<br />
Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist<br />
<br />
# An example of a custom package repository. See the pacman manpage for<br />
# tips on creating your own repositories.<br />
#[custom]<br />
#Server = file:///home/custompkgs<br />
<br />
Enable all desired repositories (remove the # in front of the 'Include =' and '[repository]' lines).<br />
<br />
<br />
*'''''When choosing repos, be sure to uncomment both the repository header lines in [brackets] as well as the 'Include =' lines. Failure to do so will result in the selected repository being omitted! This is a very common error.'' '''<br />
<br />
====/etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist ====<br />
Defines pacman repo mirrors and priorities.<br />
<br />
'''Build a mirrorlist using the rankmirrors script'''<br />
<br />
<code>/usr/bin/rankmirrors</code> is a python script which will attempt to detect the mirrors which are closest to the installation machine based on the mirrors specified in /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist. Faster mirrors will dramatically improve pacman performance, and the overall Arch Linux experience. This script may be run periodically, especially if the chosen mirrors provide inconsistent throughput and/or updates.<br />
<br />
First, use pacman to install python:<br />
# pacman -Sy python <br />
'''cd''' to the /etc/pacman.d/ directory:<br />
# cd /etc/pacman.d<br />
Backup the existing /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist:<br />
# cp mirrorlist mirrorlist.backup<br />
Edit mirrorlist.backup and uncomment all mirrors on the same continent or within geographical proximity to test with rankmirrors.<br />
# nano mirrorlist.backup<br />
Run the script against the mirrorlist.backup with the -n switch and redirect output to a new /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist file:<br />
# rankmirrors -n 6 mirrorlist.backup > mirrorlist<br />
'''-n 6''': rank the 6 fastest mirrors<br />
<br />
'''Force pacman to refresh the package lists'''<br />
<br />
After creating/editing /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist, (manually or by <code>/usr/bin/rankmirrors</code>) issue the following command:<br />
# pacman -Syy<br />
Passing two --refresh or -y flags forces pacman to refresh all package lists even if they are considered to be up to date. Issuing pacman -Syy ''whenever a mirror is changed'', is good practice and will avoid possible headaches.<br />
<br />
====Mirrorcheck for up-to-date packages====<br />
Some of the official mirrors may contain packages that are out-of-date. [[http://users.archlinux.de/~gerbra/mirrorcheck.html ArchLinux Mirrorcheck]] reports various aspects about the mirrors such as, those experiencing network problems, data collection problems, reports the last time they have been synced, etc.<br />
<br />
One may wish to manually inspect the mirrors in the /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist insuring that it only contains up-to-date mirrors if having the latest package versions is a priority.<br />
<br />
====Ignoring packages====<br />
After executing the command &quot;pacman -Syu&quot;, the entire system will be updated. It is possible to prevent a package from being upgraded. A typical scenario would be a package for which an upgrade may prove problematic for the system. In this case, there are two options; indicate the package(s) to skip in the pacman command line using the --ignore switch (do pacman -S --help for details) or permanently indicate the package(s) to skip in the /etc/pacman.conf file in the IgnorePkg array. List each package, with one intervening space :<br />
IgnorePkg = wine <br />
The typical way to use Arch is to use pacman to install all packages unless there is no package available, in which case [[ABS]] may be used. Many user-contributed package build scripts are also available in the [[AUR]]. <br />
<br />
The power user is expected to keep the system up to date with pacman -Syu, rather than selectively upgrading packages. You may diverge from this typical usage as you wish; just be warned that there is a greater chance that things will not work as intended and that it could break your system. The majority of complaints happen when selective upgrading, unusual compilation or improper software installation is performed. Use of '''IgnorePkg''' in /etc/pacman.conf is therefore discouraged, and should only be used sparingly, if you know what you are doing.<br />
<br />
====Ignoring Configuration Files====<br />
In the same vein, you can also &quot;protect&quot; your configuration/system files from being overwritten during &quot;pacman -Su&quot; using the following option in your /etc/pacman.conf<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = etc/lilo.conf boot/grub/menu.lst<br />
<br />
====Get familiar with pacman====<br />
pacman is the Arch user's best friend. It is highly recommended to study and learn how to use the pacman(8) tool. Try:<br />
$ man pacman<br />
<br />
For more information,please look up the [[pacman]] wiki entries at your leisure.<br />
<br />
====Powerpill, a pacman wrapper script====<br />
Before you continue, consider installing Xyne's powerpill (now in [community]) which is a pacman wrapper script that speeds up package retrieval by using aria2c (an external download helper) for concurrent/segmented downloads. In other words, powerpill pulls packages in parallel effectively speeding up your downloads. This is particularly advantageous on new installs when pulling down hundreds of megs of packages.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S powerpill<br />
<br />
Treat powerpill as pacman as you consider installations, for example, the following will update your system:<br />
<br />
# powerpill -Syu<br />
<br />
See the [[Powerpill]] wiki article for more.<br />
<br />
===Step 3: Update System===<br />
You are now ready to upgrade your entire system. Before you do, read through the [http://www.archlinux.org/news/ news] (and optionally the [http://archlinux.org/pipermail/arch-announce/ announce mailing list]). Often the developers will provide important information about required configurations and modifications for known issues. Consulting these pages before any upgrade is good practice. <br />
<br />
Sync, refresh, and upgrade your entire new system with:<br />
# pacman -Syu<br />
or:<br />
# pacman --sync --refresh --sysupgrade<br />
<br />
pacman will now download a fresh copy of the master package list from the server(s) defined in pacman.conf(5) and perform all available upgrades. (You may be prompted to upgrade pacman itself at this point. If so, say yes, and then reissue the pacman -Syu command when finished.) <br />
<br />
Reboot if a kernel upgrade has occurred. <br />
<br />
{{Note|Occasionally, configuration changes may take place requiring user action during an update; read pacman's output for any pertinent information.}}<br />
<br />
Pacman output is saved in /var/log/pacman.log.<br />
<br />
See [[Package_Management_FAQs|Package Management FAQs]] for answers to frequently asked questions regarding updating and managing your packages.<br />
<br />
=====The Arch rolling release model=====<br />
Keep in mind that Arch is a '''rolling release''' distribution. This means there is never a reason to reinstall or perform elaborate system rebuilds to upgrade to the newest version. Simply issuing '''pacman -Syu''' periodically keeps your entire system up-to-date and on the bleeding edge. At the end of this upgrade, your system is completely current. '''Reboot''' if a kernel upgrade has occurred.<br />
=====Network Time Protocol=====<br />
You may wish to set the system time now using OpenNTPD to sync the local clock to remote NTP servers. OpenNTPD may also be added to the DAEMONS= array in /etc/rc.conf to provide this service at each boot. (See the [[Network Time Protocol]] article.)<br />
<br />
===Step 4: Add a user and setup groups===<br />
<tt>UNIX</tt> is a multi-user environment. You should not do your everyday work using the root account. It is more than poor practice; it is dangerous. Root is for administrative tasks. Instead, add a normal, non-root user account using the <code>/usr/sbin/useradd</code> program:<br />
# useradd -m -G [groups] -s [login_shell] [username] <br />
* '''-m''' Creates user home directory as /home/'''username'''. Within their home directory, a user can write files, delete them, install programs, etc. Users' home directories shall contain their data and personal configuration files, the so-called 'dot files' (their name is preceded by a dot), which are 'hidden'. (To view dotfiles, enable the appropriate option in your file manager or run ls with the -a switch.) If there is a conflict between ''user'' (under /home/username) and ''global'' configuration files, (usually under /etc/) the settings in the ''user'' file will prevail. Dotfiles likely to be altered by the end user include .xinitrc and .bashrc files. The configuration files for xinit and Bash respectively. They allow the user the ability to change the window manager to be started upon login and also aliases, user-specified commands and environment variables respectively. When a user is created, their dotfiles shall be taken from the /etc/skel directory where system sample files reside.<br />
* '''-G''' A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. ''Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening spaces''. The default is for the user to belong only to the initial group (users). <br />
* '''-s''' The path and filename of the user´s default login shell.<br />
Useful groups for your non-root user include:<br />
*'''audio''' - for tasks involving sound card and related software<br />
*'''floppy''' - for access to a floppy if applicable<br />
*'''lp''' - for managing printing tasks<br />
*'''optical''' - for managing tasks pertaining to the optical drive(s)<br />
*'''storage''' - for managing storage devices<br />
*'''video''' - for video tasks and hardware acceleration<br />
*'''wheel''' - for using sudo<br />
*'''power''' - used w/ power options (ie. shutdown w/ off button) <br />
A typical desktop system example, adding a user named &quot;archie&quot; specifying bash as the login shell:<br />
# useradd -m -G users,audio,lp,optical,storage,video,wheel,power -s /bin/bash archie<br />
Next, add a password for your new user using <code>/usr/bin/passwd</code>.<br />
<br />
An example for our user, 'archie':<br />
# passwd archie<br />
(You will be prompted to provide the new <tt>UNIX</tt> password.)<br />
<br />
Your new non-root user has now been created, complete with a home directory and a login password.<br />
<br />
'''Alternative method, using <code>/usr/sbin/adduser</code>:'''<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you may use <code>adduser</code>, an interactive user adding program which will prompt you for the above data: ''(recommended for beginners)''<br />
# adduser<br />
'''Deleting the user account:'''<br />
<br />
In the event of error, or if you wish to delete this user account in favor of a different name or for any other reason, use <code>/usr/sbin/userdel</code>:<br />
# userdel -r [username]<br />
* '''-r ''' Files in the user´s home directory will be removed along with the home directory itself and the user´s mail spool.<br />
<br />
If you want to change the name of your user or any existing user, see the [[Change username]] page of the wiki and/or the [[Groups]] and [[User Management]] articles for further information. You may also check the man pages for <code>usermod(8)</code> and <code>gpasswd(8)</code>.<br />
<br />
===Step 5: Install and setup Sudo (Optional)===<br />
Install Sudo and vim:<br />
# pacman -S sudo vim<br />
To add a user as a sudo user (a &quot;sudoer&quot;), the visudo command must be run as root. If you do not know how to use vi, you may set the EDITOR environment variable to the editor of your choice before running visudo. e.g.:<br />
# EDITOR=nano visudo<br />
If you are comfortable using vi, issue the visudo command without the EDITOR=nano variable:<br />
# visudo<br />
This will open the file /etc/sudoers in a special session of vi. visudo copies the file to be edited to a temporary file, edits it with an editor, (vi by default), and subsequently runs a sanity check. If it passes, the temporary file overwrites the original with the correct permissions. <br />
<br />
{{Warning|Do not edit /etc/sudoers directly with an editor; Errors in syntax can cause annoyances (like rendering the root account unusable). You must use the ''visudo'' command to edit /etc/sudoers.}}<br />
<br />
To give the user full root privileges when he/she precedes a command with &quot;sudo&quot;, add the following line:<br />
USER_NAME ALL=(ALL) ALL<br />
where USER_NAME is the username of the individual.<br />
<br />
For more information, such as sudoer <TAB> completion, see [[Sudo]]<br />
<br />
==Part III: Install X and configure ALSA==<br />
<br />
<br />
===Step 1: Configure sound with alsamixer===<br />
The Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (known by the acronym '''ALSA''') is a Linux kernel component intended to replace the original Open Sound System (OSS) for providing device drivers for sound cards. Besides the sound device drivers, '''ALSA''' also bundles a user space library for application developers who want to use driver features with a higher level API than direct interaction with the kernel drivers.<br />
{{Note| Alsa is included in the Arch mainline kernel and udev will automatically probe your hardware at boot, loading the corresponding kernel module for your audio card. Therefore, your sound should already be working, but upstream sources mute all channels by default.}}<br />
{{Note| OSS4.1 has been released under a free license and is generally considered a significant improvement over older OSS versions. If you have issues with ALSA, or simply wish to explore another option, you may choose OSS4.1 instead. Instructions can be found in [[OSS]]}} <br />
<br />
The alsa-utils package contains the alsamixer userspace tool, which allows configuration of the sound device from the console or terminal.<br />
<br />
By default the upstream kernel sources ship with snd_pcsp, the alsa pc speaker module. snd_pcsp is usually loaded before your &quot;actual&quot; sound card module. In most cases, it will be more convenient if this module is loaded last, as it will allow alsamixer to correctly control the desired sound card.<br />
<br />
To have snd_pcsp load last, add the following to /etc/modprobe.d/modprobe.conf:<br />
options snd-pcsp index=2<br />
<br />
Alternatively, if you do not want snd_pcsp to load at all, blacklist it by adding the following to /etc/rc.conf:<br />
MODULES=(... !snd_pcsp)<br />
<br />
{{Note | You will need to unload all your sound modules and reload them for the changes to take effect. It might be easier to reboot. Your choice. }}<br />
<br />
Install the alsa-utils package:<br />
# pacman -S alsa-utils<br />
Also, you may want to install the alsa-oss package, which wraps applications written for [[OSS]] in a compatibility library, allowing them to work with [[ALSA]]. To install the alsa-oss package:<br />
# pacman -S alsa-oss <br />
Did you add your normal user to the audio group? If not, use <code>/usr/bin/gpasswd</code>. As root do:<br />
# gpasswd -a ''yourusername'' audio<br />
As '''''normal, non-root''''' user, invoke <code>/usr/bin/alsamixer</code>:<br />
# su - ''yourusername'' <br />
'''$''' alsamixer<br />
Unmute the Master and PCM channels by scrolling to them with cursor left/right and pressing '''M'''. Increase the volume levels with the cursor-up key. (70-90 Should be a safe range.) Some machines, (like the Thinkpad T61), have a '''Speaker''' channel which must be unmuted and adjusted as well. Leave alsamixer by pressing ESC. <br />
==== Sound test ====<br />
Ensure your speakers are properly connected, and test your sound configuration as normal user using <code>/usr/bin/aplay</code>:<br />
$ aplay /usr/share/sounds/alsa/Front_Center.wav<br />
You should hear a very eloquent woman say, &quot;Front, center.&quot;<br />
==== Saving the Sound Settings ====<br />
Exit your normal user shell and run <code>/usr/sbin/alsactl</code> as root:<br />
$ exit<br />
# alsactl store<br />
This will create the file '/etc/asound.state', saving the alsamixer settings. <br />
<br />
Also, add the alsa ''daemon'' to your DAEMONS section in /etc/rc.conf to automatically restore the mixer settings at boot.<br />
# nano /etc/rc.conf<br />
DAEMONS=(syslog-ng network crond '''alsa''')<br />
''Note that the alsa daemon merely restores your volume mixer levels on boot up by reading /etc/asound.state. It is separate from the alsa audio library (and kernel level API).''<br />
<br />
Expanded information available in the [[ALSA]] wiki entry.<br />
<br />
===Step 2: Install X===<br />
The '''X''' Window System version 11 (commonly '''X11''', or just simply '''X''') is a networking and display protocol which provides windowing on bitmap displays. It provides the standard toolkit and protocol to build graphical user interfaces (GUIs) on <tt>UNIX</tt>-like operating systems.<br />
<br />
'''X''' provides the basic framework, or primitives, for building GUI environments: drawing and moving windows on the screen and interacting with a mouse and/or keyboard. '''X''' does not mandate the user interface — individual client programs handle this. <br />
<br />
'''X''' is so named because it was preceded by the '''W''' Window System, originally developed at Stanford University. <br />
<br />
{{Note| If you plan on using an '''open-source''' video driver, and need 3d acceleration, it is recommended to install the libgl library before installing Xorg:}}<br />
<br />
# pacman -S libgl<br />
''(Proprietary video drivers provide their own gl library implementations.)''<br />
<br />
====A: Install X====<br />
Now we will install the base '''[[Xorg]]''' packages using pacman. This is the first step in building a GUI.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S xorg<br />
<br />
The 3d utilities glxgears and glxinfo are included in the '''mesa''' package:<br />
# pacman -S mesa<br />
<br />
====B: Install Video Driver Package====<br />
Now we have the base packages we need for running the '''X''' Server. You should add the driver for your graphics card now (e.g. xf86-video-<name>). The easiest way to configure X.org is by installing the correct driver packages first, and then generating /etc/X11/xorg.conf using an autoconfiguration script, like Xorg -configure.<br />
<br />
You will need knowledge of which video chipset your machine has. If you do not know, use the <code>/usr/sbin/lspci</code> program:<br />
# lspci | grep VGA<br />
<br />
If you need a list of all '''open-source''' video drivers, do: <br />
# pacman -Ss xf86-video | less<br />
Here is a list of '''open source''' drivers, and the corresponding video chipsets.<br />
*'''xf86-video-apm''' &mdash; Alliance ProMotion video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-ark''' &mdash; ark video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-ati''' &mdash; ATI(AMD) video driver<br />
**'''xf86-video-r128''' &mdash; ATI(AMD) video driver for X.org ati Rage128 video<br />
**'''xf86-video-mach64''' &mdash; ATI(AMD) video driver for X.org mach64 video<br />
**'''xf86-video-radeonhd''' &mdash; open source radeonhd driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-chips''' &mdash; Chips and Technologies video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-cirrus''' &mdash; Cirrus Logic video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-dummy''' &mdash; dummy video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-fbdev''' &mdash; framebuffer video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-glint''' &mdash; GLINT/Permedia video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-i128''' &mdash; Number 0 i128 video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-i740''' &mdash; Intel i740 video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-i810''' &mdash; Intel i810/i830/i9xx video drivers (deprecated - use -intel)<br />
*'''xf86-video-intel''' &mdash; Newer Version of Intel i810/i830/i9xx video drivers<br />
*'''xf86-video-intel-legacy''' &mdash; Legacy-driver for older intel cards as 82865G (xf86-video-intel currently crashes with older cards)<br />
*'''xf86-video-imstt''' &mdash; Integrated Micro Solutions Twin Turbo video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-mga''' &mdash; mga video driver (Matrox Graphics Adapter)<br />
*'''xf86-video-neomagic''' &mdash; neomagic video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-nv''' &mdash; Nvidia nv video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-nouveau''' &mdash; Open Source 3D acceleration driver for nVidia cards (experimental), check: [http://nouveau.freedesktop.org/wiki/] for Current Status<br />
*'''xf86-video-openchrome''' &mdash; VIA/S3G UniChrome, UniChrome Pro and Chrome9 video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-rendition''' &mdash; Rendition video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-s3''' &mdash; S3 video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-s3virge''' &mdash; S3 Virge video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-savage''' &mdash; savage video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-siliconmotion''' &mdash; siliconmotion video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-sis''' &mdash; SiS video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-sisusb''' &mdash; SiS USB video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-tdfx''' &mdash; tdfx video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-trident''' &mdash; Trident video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-tseng''' &mdash; tseng video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-unichrome''' &mdash; VIA S3 Unichrome video drivers<br />
*'''xf86-video-v4l''' &mdash; v4l video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-vesa''' &mdash; vesa video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-vga''' &mdash; VGA 16 color video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-vmware''' &mdash; vmware video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-voodoo''' &mdash; voodoo video driver<br />
<br />
'''''Note''''': The '''vesa''' driver is the most generic, and should work with almost any modern video chipset. If you cannot find a suitable driver for your video chipset, vesa ''should'' work.<br />
<br />
Use pacman to install the appropriate video driver for your video card/onboard video. e.g.:<br />
# pacman -S xf86-video-savage<br />
(for the Savage driver.)<br />
<br />
*If you have an NVIDIA or ATI graphics card you may wish to install the proprietary NVIDIA or ATI drivers. '''Installing proprietary video drivers is covered below.'''.<br />
*If you do not want to install the proprietary drivers or do not have an NVIDIA or ATI graphics card, you should skip down to '''[[#Step 3: Configure X|Step 3: Configure X]]'''.<br />
<br />
-----<br />
<br />
<br />
=====NVIDIA Graphics Cards=====<br />
The NVIDIA proprietary drivers are generally considered to be of good quality, and offer 3D performance, whereas the open source '''nv''' driver offers only 2d support at this time. <br />
<br />
Before you configure your Graphics Card you will need to know which driver fits. Arch currently has several different driver packages that each match a certain subset of Cards: <br />
<br />
'''1. nvidia-96xx''' ''slightly newer cards up to the GF 4.''<br />
<br />
'''2. nvidia-173xx''' ''Geforce FX series cards''<br />
<br />
'''3. nvidia''' ''newest GPUs after the GF FX''<br />
<br />
{{Note| Nvidia-71xx series proprietary drivers, which are required by extremely old cards like TNT and TNT2, have been removed because they do not work with the new Xorg that Arch makes use of and nvidia has discontinued support for such. You should use the xf86-video-nv or xf86-video-vesa drivers instead.}}<br />
<br />
Consult the NVIDIA website to see which one is for you. The difference is only for the installation; Configuration works the same with every driver.<br />
<br />
Select and install the appropriate NVIDIA driver ''for your card'', e.g.: <br />
# pacman -S nvidia-96xx<br />
<br />
The NVIDIA package has a utility for updating your existing /etc/X11/xorg.conf for use with the NVIDIA driver:<br />
# nvidia-xconfig<br />
<br />
It also has several options which will further specify the contents and options of the xorg.conf file.<br />
For example,<br />
# nvidia-xconfig --composite --add-argb-glx-visuals<br />
<br />
For more detailed information, see nvidia-xconfig(1).<br />
<br />
Some useful tweaking options in the device section are (beware that these may not work on your system):<br />
Option &quot;RenderAccel&quot; &quot;true&quot;<br />
Option &quot;NoLogo&quot; &quot;true&quot;<br />
Option &quot;AGPFastWrite&quot; &quot;true&quot;<br />
Option &quot;EnablePageFlip&quot; &quot;true&quot;<br />
Make sure all instances of DRI are commented out:<br />
# Load &quot;dri&quot;<br />
Double check your /etc/X11/xorg.conf to make sure your default depth, horizontal sync, vertical refresh, and resolutions are acceptable.<br />
<br />
Update kernel module dependencies using <code>/sbin/depmod</code>:<br />
# depmod -a<br />
(A reboot may be necessary.)<br />
{{Tip|Advanced instructions for NVIDIA configuration can be found in the [[NVIDIA]] article.}}<br />
<br />
You may now continue with '''[[#Step 3: Configure X|Step 3: Configure X]]''' to familiarize yourself further, or continue the installation process with '''[[#C: Test X|Test X]]'''.<br />
<br />
=====ATI Graphics Cards=====<br />
ATI owners have multiple options for drivers. <br />
* The open source '''''radeon''''' driver provided by the '''xf86-video-ati''' package. <br />
** This is the original, reverse-engineered open source driver which fully supports Radeon chipsets up to X1950 (latest R500 chipsets). Cards up to the 9200 series are fully supported, stable, and provide full 2D and 3D acceleration. Cards from 9500 to X1950 feature full 2D acceleration, and good 3D acceleration, but lack certain features provided by the proprietary driver, (for example, powersaving is still in a testing phase). Cards from HD2xxx (R6xx) to the newest are supported by xf86-video-ati, but only offer 2d support at this time.<br />
* The open source '''''radeonhd''''' driver provided by the '''xf86-video-radeonhd''' package.<br />
** This driver supports ATI R500 chipsets (Radeon X1000 series) and newer. It is written by Novell with specifications provided to the public by AMD. It supports RandR 1.2 and development is currently very active. Therefore, functionality may be inconsistent across the spectrum of cards supported. (Some users report excellent performance and reliability while others experience trouble.) It also supports HDMI, with sound.<br />
* The proprietary '''''fglrx''''' driver provided by the Catalyst package located in the AUR. The proprietary driver is covered below.<br />
The open-source drivers will usually suit most needs along with being generally less problematic.<br />
<br />
Install the '''''radeon''''' ATI Driver with<br />
# pacman -S xf86-video-ati libgl ati-dri<br />
Install the '''''radeonhd''''' ATi Driver with<br />
# pacman -S xf86-video-radeonhd libgl ati-dri<br />
<br />
The proprietary ATI driver '''Catalyst''' was once a precompiled package offered by Arch in the <code>extra</code> repository, but as of March 2009, official support has been dropped because of dissatisfaction with the quality and speed of development of the proprietary driver.The catalyst driver is now available in [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=22899 AUR]. Installation information for Catalyst driver is available [[ATI#Proprietary_ATI_Catalyst_driver | here]]<br />
<br />
{{Warning| The proprietary ATI driver supports only R600 and newer devices (that means, HD2xxx and newer). Older series cards (X1xxx and older) are not supported.}}<br />
<br />
{{Tip|Advanced instructions for ATI configuration can be found in the [[ATI | ATI wiki article]].}}<br />
<br />
====C: Install Input Driver Packages====<br />
The latest X requires you to install drivers for your input devices, keyboard and mouse included. For a complete list of available input drivers,<br />
# pacman -Ss xf86-input | less<br />
<br />
For most users, xf86-input-keyboard and xf86-input-mouse should be sufficient for a basic setup. Use pacman to install your desired drivers for your input devices. e.g.:<br />
# pacman -S xf86-input-keyboard xf86-input-mouse<br />
<br />
===Step 3: Configure X===<br />
<br />
====A: The xorg.conf file====<br />
<br />
/etc/X11/xorg.conf is the main configuration file for your '''X''' Window System, the foundation of your '''G'''raphical '''U'''ser '''I'''nterface. It is a plain text file ordered into sections and subsections. Important sections are ''Files, InputDevice, Module, Monitor, Modes, Screen, Device, and ServerLayout''. Sections can appear in any order and there may be more than one section of each kind, for example, if you have more than one monitor, or if your laptop has a trackpoint as well as a mouse. <br />
<br />
Since X11R7.2 the X.Org X Server features autoconfiguration. Therefore, it can function without an xorg.conf file in many cases. ''If'' the autoconfiguration ''works satisfactorily'' and you do not need to specify special features such as aiglx, compositing and so forth, you may forgo creating an xorg.conf file.<br />
<br />
=====Standard xorg.conf generation=====<br />
<br />
Advanced users may wish to manually create their own xorg.conf file. You may also use the <code>/usr/bin/Xorg</code> program with the -configure option to generate a basic config file; As root, do:<br />
# Xorg -configure<br />
This will create a config file at /root/xorg.conf.new <br />
<br />
Copy the file to <code>/etc/X11/</code>:<br />
# cp /root/xorg.conf.new /etc/X11/xorg.conf<br />
<br />
=====Alternative xorg.conf generation=====<br />
<br />
Newer versions of the Xorg Server(>1.6) do not include the /usr/bin/xorgconfig or /usr/bin/xorgcfg scripts. If you run into problems generating/using an xorg.conf file, you might want to consider using this guide.<br />
<br />
See the [[Xorg#Without_xorg.conf|article on X.Org, section "Without xorg.conf"]].<br />
<br />
* Note that if you are in possession of a properly configured xorg.conf under another distribution and with the same Xorg version, you may easily copy it over to your current Arch system's <code>/etc/X11/</code> directory.<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Tip | For Intel graphics card, specific configuration may be necessary to get proper 2D or 3D performance, as stated in [[Intel_Graphics]] wiki article.}}<br />
<br />
====B: Input hotplugging====<br />
<br />
[[Xorg input hotplugging|Input hotplugging]] is supported since the 1.4 version of the X.Org X Server and enabled by default. When enabled, X will utilize hal to allow for the hotplugging and removal of human interface devices without having to restart X. <br />
<br />
{{Warning | Starting the '''X''' server using input hotplugging without the '''HAL''' daemon installed and running may result in the inability to use the mouse and/or keyboard, and the '''X''' server appearing to freeze as a result .}}<br />
<br />
You must decide whether you will use input hotplugging (enabled by default), or disable it. Input hotplugging is convenient for many users, especially those with mobile machines like laptops and netbooks. Other users may wish to disable it in favor of manual or more static device configuration within /etc/xorg.conf.<br />
<br />
{{Tip | See the article on [[Xorg input hotplugging]] for full details.}}<br />
<br />
=====Using input hotplugging=====<br />
<br />
Install HAL, dbus and the evdev input driver:<br />
# pacman -S hal dbus xf86-input-evdev<br />
<br />
Set the keyboard layout (if you do not use a standard US keyboard)<br />
# cp /usr/share/hal/fdi/policy/10osvendor/10-keymap.fdi /etc/hal/fdi/policy/<br />
# nano /etc/hal/fdi/policy/10-keymap.fdi<br />
Edit the &quot;input.xkb.layout&quot; key and possibly the &quot;input.xkb.variant&quot; key in this file.<br />
<br />
Laptop users will also need the synaptics package to allow X to configure the touchpad:<br />
# pacman -S xf86-input-synaptics<br />
<br />
{{Tip|For instructions on fine tuning or troubleshooting touchpad settings, see the [[Touchpad Synaptics]] article.}}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''The HAL daemon'''<br />
<br />
The hal daemon '''must''' be started '''before''' the '''X''' server:<br />
# /etc/rc.d/hal start<br />
Add the hal daemon to the DAEMONS array in /etc/rc.conf to start it at every boot.<br />
<br />
=====Disable input hotplugging=====<br />
Disabling input hotplugging will skip devices detected by hal and will use the keyboard/mouse configuration from xorg.conf:<br />
# nano /etc/X11/xorg.conf<br />
add the following:<br />
Section &quot;ServerFlags&quot;<br />
Option &quot;AutoAddDevices&quot; &quot;False&quot;<br />
EndSection<br />
<br />
======Set the keyboard layout if not using a standard US keyboard======<br />
Add option lines in the &quot;InputDevice&quot; section of the /etc/X11/xorg.conf file specifying the keyboard layout and variant:<br />
Option &quot;XkbLayout&quot; &quot;be&quot;<br />
Option &quot;XkbVariant&quot; &quot;&quot;<br />
<br />
Alternative method using the setxkbmap command:<br />
# setxkbmap pl <br />
(with the proper keyboard layout instead of <code>pl</code> of course) should switch your keyboard layout in x.<br />
To make this permanent, add this command to <code>/home/<youruser>/.xinitrc</code> before starting the window manager (before command like <code>exec startxfce4</code>).<br />
<br />
==== C: Test X ====<br />
<br />
First, read the warning about input hotplugging in the previous section. At this point, you should have xorg installed, with a suitable video driver and an /etc/X11/xorg.conf configuration file. If you want to test your configuration quickly, to ensure your ability to successfully start '''X''' from the command line before installing a complete desktop environment, you can do so by configuring ~/.xinitrc to invoke '''Xterm'''. Xterm is a very simple terminal emulator which runs in the '''X '''Server environment; it is installed as part of the base xorg packages.<br />
<br />
===== Prepare for the test by configuring ~/.xinitrc=====<br />
<br />
One of the main functions of this file is to dictate what '''X''' Window client is invoked with the '''/usr/bin/startx''' and/or '''/usr/bin/xinit''' program ''on a per-user basis''. (The '''startx''' script is merely a front end to the more versatile '''xinit''' command.) There are vast amounts of additional configurable specifications and commands that may also be added to ~/[[.xinitrc]] as you further customize your system. <br />
{{Note | '''[[.xinitrc]]''' is a so-called 'dot' (.) file. Files in a UNIX filesystem which are preceded with a dot (.) are 'hidden', and will not show up with a regular 'ls' command, usually for the sake of keeping directories tidy. Dot files may be seen by issuing '''ls -a'''. The 'rc' denotes ''Run Commands'' and simply indicates that it is a configuration file. Since it controls how a program runs, it is (although historically incorrect) also said to stand for &quot;Run Control&quot;.}}<br />
<br />
'''startx/xinit''' will start the '''X''' server and clients. To determine the client to run, '''startx/xinit''' will first look to parse a [[.xinitrc]] file in the user's home directory. In the absence of file ~/[[.xinitrc]], it defaults to the global xinitrc in the xinit library directory; /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc, which defaults to using the TWM window manager. (Hence, if you invoke startx without a ~/[[.xinitrc]] file, a TWM session will start.) Further details in the [[.xinitrc]] wiki entry.<br />
<br />
Switch to your '''''normal, non-root''''' user:<br />
<br />
# su - ''yourusername''<br />
<br />
* /etc/skel/ contains files and directories to provide sane defaults for newly created user accounts. The name '''skel''' is derived from the word '''skeleton''', because the files it contains form the basic structure for users' home directories.<br />
<br />
* Sample .xinitrc provided [[Xinitrc#A_standard_.xinitrc | here]] <br />
Copy the sample xinitrc file from /etc/skel/ to your home directory: <br />
<br />
$ cp /etc/skel/[[.xinitrc]] ~/<br />
Edit the file: <br />
$ nano ~/.xinitrc<br />
and add &quot;<code>exec xterm</code>&quot; so that it looks like this:<br />
<br />
#!/bin/sh<br />
#<br />
# ~/.xinitrc<br />
#<br />
# Executed by startx (run your window manager from here)<br />
#<br />
# exec wmaker<br />
# exec startkde<br />
# exec icewm<br />
# exec blackbox<br />
# exec fluxbox<br />
#<br />
exec xterm<br />
<br />
{{Note | ''Be sure to have only '''one''' uncommented '''exec''' line in ~/.xinitrc'' for now.}}<br />
<br />
Below, we shall edit this file again to specify the appropriate desktop environment/window manager of your choice.<br />
<br />
===== Perform the test =====<br />
<br />
Test your configurations by starting '''X''' as '''normal, non-root''' user, with:<br />
<br />
$ startx<br />
or<br />
$ xinit<br />
<br />
You should have an '''xterm''' session open up. You can test your keyboard and its layout in it. You may have to move your mouse around until it enters the xterm area before you see the mouse cursor or xterm responds to your keyboard.<br />
<br />
If you prove a properly configured /etc/X11/xorg.conf by successfully running the test, you can be assured that your DE/WM of choice will work smoothly.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|Advanced instructions for Xorg configuration can be found in the [[Xorg]] article.}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Note| With Xorg 1.6 CTRL-Alt-Backspace has been deprecated and will not work to exit out of this test. A somewhat messy work around is to switch to a different virtual console (CTRL-Alt-F2, for example) and then switch back to the console the test is running in (probably CTRL-Alt-F1). You will then be able to use CTRL-C to kill the X test. You can enable CTRL-Alt-Backspace by editing xorg.conf, as described [http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Xorg#Ctrl-Alt-Backspace_doesn.27t_exit_X here].}}<br />
If the screen goes black, you may still attempt to switch to a different virtual console (CTRL-Alt-F2, for example), and login blindly as root, followed by <Enter>, followed by root's password followed by <enter>. Finally, reboot blindly with:<br />
# reboot<br />
or <br />
# init 6<br />
<br />
=====In case of errors=====<br />
If you have problems starting '''X''', you can look for errors in the /var/log/Xorg.0.log file and on the console output of the virtual console you started '''X''' from. <br />
<br />
'''''If using /etc/X11/xorg.conf'''''<br />
<br />
Inspect the config file:<br />
<br />
# nano /etc/X11/xorg.conf<br />
<br />
The video driver may need to be specified. e.g.:<br />
Section &quot;Device&quot;<br />
<br />
...<br />
Driver &quot;savage&quot;<br />
...<br />
<br />
EndSection<br />
<br />
Horizontal sync and vertical refresh specs under section &quot;Monitor&quot; may need to be added:<br />
Section &quot;Monitor&quot;<br />
Identifier &quot;Monitor0&quot;<br />
VendorName &quot;Monitor Vendor&quot;<br />
ModelName &quot;Monitor Model&quot;<br />
HorizSync 30.0 - 130.0 # Safe for LCD's<br />
VertRefresh 50.0 - 100.0 # Safe for LCD's and most CRT's.<br />
EndSection<br />
(If these specs are unknown, consult the documentation of the computer monitor.)<br />
<br />
Color depth can be specified under section &quot;Screen&quot;:<br />
Section &quot;Screen&quot;<br />
Identifier &quot;Screen0&quot;<br />
Device &quot;Card0&quot;<br />
Monitor &quot;Monitor0&quot;<br />
DefaultDepth 24<br />
(Typically, this will be set to 24 for true color.)<br />
<br />
Also add desired Modes to the &quot;Display&quot; subsection, at least under the Depth 24 header, e.g.:<br />
SubSection &quot;Display&quot;<br />
Viewport 0 0<br />
Depth 24<br />
Modes &quot;1024x768&quot; &quot;800x600&quot; &quot;640x480&quot;<br />
Add the following section, if eye candy which requires the composite extension is desired: <br />
Section &quot;Extensions&quot;<br />
Option &quot;Composite&quot; &quot;Enable&quot;<br />
EndSection<br />
Try the config again, after modifying:<br />
# startx<br />
or<br />
# xinit<br />
'''''Still having trouble? Detailed instructions are in the [[Xorg]] article.'''''<br />
<br />
=====Need Help?=====<br />
<br />
If you are still having trouble after consulting the [[Xorg]] article and need assistance via the Arch forums, be sure to install and use wgetpaste:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S wgetpaste<br />
Use wgetpaste and provide links for the following files when asking for help in your forum post:<br />
* ~/.xinitrc<br />
* /etc/X11/xorg.conf<br />
* /var/log/Xorg.0.log.old<br />
Use wgetpaste like so:<br />
$ wgetpaste </path/to/file><br />
Post the corresponding links given within your forum post. Be sure to provide appropriate hardware and driver information as well.<br />
{{Warning| '''''It is very important to provide detail when troubleshooting X. Please provide all pertinent information as detailed above when asking for assistance on the Arch forums. '''''}}<br />
<br />
==Part IV: Installing and configuring a Desktop Environment ==<br />
While The '''X''' Window System provides the basic framework for building a ''graphical user interface'' (GUI), a '''Desktop Environment''' (DE), works atop and in conjunction with '''X''', to provide a completely functional and dynamic GUI. A DE typically provides a window manager, icons, applets, windows, toolbars, folders, wallpapers, a suite of applications and abilities like drag and drop. The particular functionalities and designs of each DE will uniquely affect your overall environment and experience. Therefore, choosing a DE is a very subjective and personal decision. Choose the best environment for ''your'' needs.<br />
<br />
* If you want something full-featured and similar to Windows and Mac OSX, '''[[#KDE|KDE]]''' is a good choice<br />
* If you want something slightly more minimalist, which follows the K.I.S.S. principle more closely, '''[[#GNOME|GNOME]]''' is a good choice<br />
* '''[[#Xfce|Xfce]]''' is generally perceived as similar to GNOME, but lighter and less demanding on system resources, yet still visually pleasing and providing a very complete environment.<br />
* '''[[#LXDE|LXDE]]''' is a minimal DE based on the Openbox window manager. It provides most things you need for a modern desktop while keeping relatively low system resource usage. LXDE is a good choice for those who want a quick way of setting up a pre-configured Openbox system.<br />
<br />
If you desire a lighter, less demanding GUI to configure manually, you may choose to simply install a '''Window Manager''', or WM. A WM controls the placement and appearance of application windows in conjunction with the X Window System but does NOT include such features as panels, applets, icons, applications, etc., by default.<br />
* Lightweight floating WM's include: [[#Openbox|'''Openbox''']], [[#Fluxbox|'''Fluxbox''']], [[#fvwm2|'''fvwm2''']], [[PekWM|'''pekwm''']], [[Evilwm|'''evilwm''']], '''Windowmaker, and TWM'''.<br />
* If you need something completely different, try a tiling WM like [[Awesome|'''awesome''']], [[Ion3|'''ion3''']], [[Wmii|'''wmii''']], [[Dwm|'''dwm''']], [[Xmonad|'''xmonad''']], or [[Ratpoison|'''ratpoison''']].<br />
<br />
===Step 1: Install Fonts===<br />
At this point, you may wish to save time by installing visually pleasing, true type fonts, before installing a desktop environment/window manager. Dejavu and bitstream-vera are good, general-purpose font sets. You may also want to have the Microsoft font sets, which are especially popular on websites.<br />
<br />
Install with:<br />
# pacman -S ttf-ms-fonts ttf-dejavu ttf-bitstream-vera<br />
<br />
Refer to [[Xorg Font Configuration]] for how to configure fonts.<br />
<br />
===Step 2: ~/.xinitrc (again)===<br />
<br />
As '''non-root user''', edit your /home/username/.xinitrc to specify the DE you wish to use. This will allow you to use '''startx/xinit''' from the shell, in the future, to open your DE/WM of choice:<br />
<br />
$ nano ~/.xinitrc<br />
<br />
Uncomment or add the ''''exec''' ..' line of the appropriate desktop environment/window manager. Some examples are below:<br />
<br />
For the Xfce4 desktop environment:<br />
exec startxfce4 <br />
<br />
For the KDE desktop environment:<br />
exec startkde<br />
A '''startkde''' or '''startxfce4''' command starts the KDE or Xfce4 desktop environment. This is exactly the same as entering: <br />
$ xinit /usr/bin/startxfce4<br />
or<br />
$ xinit /usr/bin/starkde<br />
from the shell prompt. Note that such a command does not finish until you logout of the DE. Normally the shell would wait for KDE to finish, then run the next command. The &quot;exec&quot; prefix to this command within the ~/.xinitrc file tells the shell that this is the last command, so the shell does not need to wait to run a subsequent command.<br />
<br />
In the future, after the DE of choice is installed and if trouble with automounting is experienced, try using the following command in ~/.xinitrc instead. (Replace "startxfce4" with the command that is appropriate for your window manager/DE.)<br />
exec ck-launch-session startxfce4<br />
This will ensure the various environment variables are set correctly by starting a clean consolekit session. ConsoleKit is a framework for keeping track of the various users, sessions, and seats present on a system. It provides a mechanism for software to react to changes of any of these items or of any of the metadata associated with them. It works in conjunction with dbus, and other tools.<br />
<br />
Remember to have only one uncommented '''exec''' line in your ~/.xinitrc for now.<br />
<br />
===Step 3: Install a Desktop Environment===<br />
<br />
Continue below, installing the DE/WM of your choice.<br />
<br />
* [[#GNOME|'''GNOME''']]<br />
* [[#KDE|'''KDE''']]<br />
* [[#Xfce|'''Xfce''']]<br />
* [[#LXDE|'''LXDE''']]<br />
* [[#Openbox|'''Openbox''']]<br />
* [[#Fluxbox|'''Fluxbox''']]<br />
* [[#fvwm2|'''fvwm2''']]<br />
<br />
====GNOME====<br />
=====About GNOME=====<br />
The '''G'''NU '''N'''etwork '''O'''bject '''M'''odel '''E'''nvironment. The GNOME project provides two things: The GNOME desktop environment, an intuitive and attractive desktop for end-users, and the GNOME development platform, an extensive framework for building applications that integrate into the rest of the desktop.<br />
<br />
=====Installation=====<br />
Install the base GNOME environment with:<br />
# pacman -S gnome<br />
<br />
Additionally, you can install the extras:<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
It's safe to choose all packages shown in the extra package.<br />
<br />
=====Useful DAEMONS for GNOME=====<br />
Recall from above that a daemon is a program that runs in the background, waiting for events to occur and offering services. Some users prefer to use the '''hal''' daemon. The '''hal''' daemon, among other things, will automate the mounting of disks, optical drives, and USB drives/thumbdrives for use in the GUI. The '''fam''' daemon will allow real-time representation of file alterations in the GUI, allowing instant access to recently installed programs, or changes in the file system. Both '''hal''' and '''fam''' can make life easier for the GNOME user. The hal and fam packages are installed when you install GNOME, but must be invoked to become useful.<br />
<br />
You may want to install a graphical login manager. For GNOME, the '''gdm''' daemon is a good choice. <br />
<br />
As root:<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Start hal and fam:<br />
# /etc/rc.d/hal start<br />
<br />
# /etc/rc.d/fam start<br />
<br />
Add them to your /etc/rc.conf DAEMONS section, so they will be invoked at boot:<br />
# nano /etc/rc.conf<br />
<br />
DAEMONS=(syslog-ng network crond alsa '''hal fam gdm''')<br />
(If you prefer to log into the console and manually start X, leave out gdm.)<br />
<br />
Then edit your /etc/gdm/custom.conf and in the '''[servers]''' section add:<br />
0=Standard vt7<br />
<br />
As normal user, start X:<br />
$ startx<br />
or<br />
$ xinit<br />
If ~/.xinitrc is not configured for GNOME, you may always start it with '''xinit''', followed by the path to GNOME:<br />
$ xinit /usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
<br />
{{Tip|Advanced instructions for installing and configuring GNOME can be found in the [[Gnome]] article.}}<br />
<br />
Congratulations! Welcome to your GNOME desktop environment on your new Arch Linux system! You may wish to continue by viewing '''[[Beginners Guide Appendix#Tweaks.2FFinishing_touches|Tweaks and finishing touches]]''', or the rest of the information below. You may also be interested in the [[Post Installation Tips]] wiki article.<br />
<br />
=====Eye Candy=====<br />
By default, GNOME does not come with many themes and icons. You may wish to install some more attractive artwork for GNOME:<br />
<br />
A nice gtk (gui widget) theme engine (includes themes) is the murrine engine. Install with:<br />
# pacman -S gtk-engine-murrine<br />
<br />
Optional for more themes:<br />
# pacman -S murrine-themes-collection <br />
<br />
Once it has been installed, select it with System -> Preferences -> Appearance -> Theme tab.<br />
<br />
The Arch Linux repositories also have a few more nice themes and engines. Install the following to see for yourself:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gtk-engines gtk-aurora-engine gtk-candido-engine gtk-rezlooks-engine<br />
<br />
You can find many more themes, icons, and wallpapers at [http://www.gnome-look.org GNOME-Look].<br />
<br />
====KDE====<br />
=====About KDE=====<br />
The '''K''' '''D'''esktop '''E'''nvironment. KDE is a powerful Free Software graphical desktop environment for GNU/Linux and <tt>UNIX</tt> workstations. It combines ease of use, contemporary functionality, and outstanding graphical design with the technological superiority of <tt>UNIX</tt>-like operating systems.<br />
<br />
=====Installation=====<br />
Choose one of the following, then continue below with '''[[#Useful KDE DAEMONS|Useful KDE DAEMONS]]''': <br />
<br />
1. The package '''kde''' is the official and complete vanilla KDE 4.2 residing under the Arch [extra] repo.<br />
<br />
Install base kde:<br />
# pacman -S kdebase-workspace<br />
Install the whole Desktop Environment: <br />
# pacman -S kde<br />
''or'' <br />
# pacman -S kde-meta<br />
<br />
2. Alternatively, another KDE project exists called '''KDEmod''', part of the Chakra distribution. It is an Arch Linux (and spinoff) exclusive, community-driven package set designed for modularity and offers a choice between KDE 3.5.10 or 4.x.x. KDEmod can be installed with pacman, after adding the proper repositories to /etc/pacman.conf. The project website, including complete installation instructions, can be found at [http://www.chakra-project.org/ http://www.chakra-project.org/].<br />
<br />
=====Useful KDE DAEMONS=====<br />
<br />
Recall from above that a daemon is a program that runs in the background, waiting for events to occur and offering services.<br />
<br />
KDE will require the '''hal''' ('''H'''ardware '''A'''bstraction '''L'''ayer) daemon for optimal functionality. The hal daemon, among other things, will facilitate the automatic mounting of disks, optical drives, and USB drives/thumbdrives for use in the GUI. The hal package is installed when you install xorg-server, but must be invoked to become useful.<br />
<br />
The '''kdm''' daemon is the '''K''' '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager, which provides a '''graphical login''', if desired.<br />
<br />
-----<br />
<br />
Start hal:<br />
# /etc/rc.d/hal start<br />
<br />
{{Note|The hal daemon relies on, and will automatically start, the dbus daemon.}}<br />
Edit your DAEMONS array in /etc/rc.conf:<br />
# nano /etc/rc.conf<br />
Add '''hal''' to your DAEMONS array, to invoke it on boot. If you prefer a graphical login, add '''kdm''' as well: <br />
DAEMONS=(syslog-ng '''hal''' network crond alsa '''kdm''')<br />
{{Note|If you installed KDEmod3 instead of normal KDE, use kdm3 instead of kdm.}}<br />
<br />
*This method will start the system at runlevel 3, (/etc/inittab default, multiuser mode), and then start KDM as a daemon. <br />
<br />
*Some users prefer an alternative method of starting a display manager like KDM on boot by utilizing the /etc/inittab method and starting the system at runlevel 5. See [[Adding a login manager (KDM, GDM, or XDM) to automatically boot on startup]] for more.<br />
<br />
*If you prefer to log into the '''console''' at runlevel 3, and manually start X, leave out kdm, or comment it out with a bang, ( ! ).<br />
<br />
Now try starting your X Server as normal user:<br />
$ startx<br />
or<br />
$ xinit<br />
{{Tip|Advanced instructions for installing and configuring KDE can be found in the [[KDE]] article.}}<br />
<br />
Congratulations! Welcome to your KDE desktop environment on your new Arch Linux system! You may wish to continue by viewing '''[[Beginners Guide Appendix|The Beginners Guide Appendix]]''', or the rest of the information below. You may also be interested in the [[Post Installation Tips]] wiki article.<br />
<br />
====Xfce====<br />
=====About Xfce=====<br />
Xfce is another free software desktop environment for Linux. It aims to be fast and lightweight, while still being visually appealing and easy to use. Xfce is modular and reusable. It consists of separately packaged components that together provide the full functionality of the desktop environment, but which can be selected in subsets to create the user's preferred personal working environment. Xfce is mainly used for its ability to run a modern desktop environment on relatively modest hardware. It is based on the GTK+ 2 toolkit (the same as GNOME). It uses the Xfwm window manager, described below. Its configuration is entirely mouse-driven, and the configuration files are hidden from the casual user.<br />
<br />
=====Installation=====<br />
Install Xfce: <br />
# pacman -S xfce4 <br />
You may also wish to install themes and extras:<br />
# pacman -S xfce4-goodies gtk2-themes-collection<br />
Note: '''xfce4-xfapplet-plugin''' (a plugin that allows the use of GNOME applets in the Xfce4 panel) is part of the '''xfce4-goodies''' group and depends on '''gnome-panel''', which in turn depends on '''gnome-desktop'''. You may wish to take this into consideration before installing, since it represents a significant number of extra dependencies.<br />
<br />
If you get errors about dbus-launch then you need to install dbus aswell:<br />
# pacman -S dbus<br />
<br />
If you wish to admire 'Tips and Tricks' on login, install the '''fortune-mod''' package:<br />
# pacman -S fortune-mod<br />
<br />
=====Useful DAEMONS=====<br />
Recall from above that a daemon is a program that runs in the background, waiting for events to occur and offering services. Some Xfce users prefer to use the '''hal''' daemon. The hal daemon, among other things, will automate the mounting of disks, optical drives, and USB drives/thumbdrives for use in the GUI. The fam daemon will allow real-time representation of file alterations in the GUI, allowing instant access to recently installed programs, or changes in the file system. The hal and fam packages are installed when you install Xfce, but must be invoked to become useful.<br />
<br />
Start hal and fam:<br />
<br />
# /etc/rc.d/hal start<br />
<br />
# /etc/rc.d/fam start<br />
{{Note|The hal daemon relies on, and will automatically start, the dbus daemon.}}<br />
Edit your DAEMONS array in /etc/rc.conf:<br />
# nano /etc/rc.conf<br />
Add '''hal''' and '''fam''' to your DAEMONS array, to invoke them at boot.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|Advanced instructions for installing and configuring Xfce can be found in the [[Xfce]] article.}}<br />
<br />
If you wish to install one, see [[Adding a login manager (KDM, GDM, or XDM) to automatically boot on startup]]. Otherwise you can login in via the console and run:<br />
<br />
$ startxfce4<br />
<br />
Congratulations! Welcome to your Xfce desktop environment on your new Arch Linux system! You may also be interested in the [[Post Installation Tips]] wiki article.<br />
<br />
====LXDE====<br />
=====About LXDE=====<br />
LXDE, (for ''L''ightweight ''X''11 ''D''esktop ''E''nvironment), is a new project focused on providing a modern desktop environment which aims to be lightweight, fast, intuitive and functional while keeping system resource usage low. LXDE is quite different from other desktop environments, since each component of LXDE is a discrete and independent application, and each can be easily substituted by other programs. This modular design eliminates all unnecessary dependencies and provides more flexibility. Details and screenshots available at: http://lxde.org/ <br />
<br />
LXDE provides:<br />
# The OpenBox windowmanager<br />
# PCManFM File manager<br />
# LXpanel system panel<br />
# LXSession session manager<br />
# LXAppearance GTK+ theme switcher<br />
# GPicView image viewer<br />
# Leafpad simple text editor<br />
# XArchiver: Lightweight, fast, and desktop-independent gtk+-based file archiver<br />
# LXNM (still under development): Lightweight network manager for LXDE supporting wireless connections<br />
These lightweight and versatile tools combine for quick setup, modularity and simplicity.<br />
<br />
Install LXDE with: <br />
# pacman -S lxde<br />
{{Note|The lxde group DOES_NOT provide openbox as suggested as per 9/17/2009 so it must be installed specifically or you will end up with a desktop with no window management. install it with: pacman -S openbox}}<br />
Add:<br />
exec startlxde<br />
*If you plan on running '''nm-applet''', the following command should be used instead<br />
exec ck-launch-session startlxde<br />
to your ~/.xinitrc and start with ''startx'' or ''xinit''<br />
<br />
{{Tip | Further information available at the [[LXDE]] wiki article.}}<br />
<br />
====*box====<br />
=====Fluxbox=====<br />
Fluxbox is yet another windowmanager for X.<br />
It's based on the Blackbox 0.61.1 code. Fluxbox looks like blackbox and handles styles, colors, window placement and similar things exactly like blackbox (100% theme/style compability).<br />
<br />
Install Fluxbox using <br />
# pacman -S fluxbox fluxconf<br />
<br />
If you use gdm/kdm a new fluxbox session will be automatically added. Otherwise, you should modify your user's .xinitrc and add this to it:<br />
exec startfluxbox <br />
<br />
More information is available in the [[Fluxbox]] article.<br />
<br />
=====Openbox=====<br />
Openbox is a standards compliant, fast, light-weight, extensible window manager.<br />
<br />
Openbox works with your applications, and makes your desktop easier to manage. This is because the approach to its development was the opposite of what seems to be the general case for window managers. Openbox was written first to comply with standards and to work properly. Only when that was in place did the team turn to the visual interface.<br />
<br />
Openbox is fully functional as a stand-alone working environment, or can be used as a drop-in replacement for the default window manager in the GNOME or KDE desktop environments. <br />
<br />
Install openbox using<br />
# pacman -S openbox<br />
Additional configuration tools are also available, if desired:<br />
# pacman -S obconf obmenu<br />
<br />
Once openbox is installed you will get a message to move menu.xml & rc.xml to ~/.config/openbox/ in your home directory:<br />
# su - ''yourusername''<br />
$ mkdir -p ~/.config/openbox/<br />
$ cp /etc/xdg/openbox/rc.xml ~/.config/openbox/<br />
$ cp /etc/xdg/openbox/menu.xml ~/.config/openbox/<br />
<br />
'''rc.xml''' is the main configuration file for OpenBox. It may be manually edited, (or you can use OBconf). '''menu.xml''' configures the right-click menu.<br />
<br />
You may log into OpenBox via graphical login using KDM/GDM, or from the shell using '''startx''', in which case you will need to edit your ~/.xinitrc (as non-root user) and add the following:<br />
<br />
exec openbox-session<br />
<br />
NOTE: If you plan on running dbus (which is required by hal) then make sure your ~/.xinitrc reads:<br />
<br />
exec dbus-launch --exit-with-session openbox-session<br />
<br />
You may also start OpenBox from the shell using '''xinit''':<br />
$ xinit /usr/bin/openbox-session<br />
* Openbox may also be used as the window manager for GNOME, KDE, and Xfce.<br />
For KDM there is nothing left to do; openbox is listed in the sessions menu in KDM.<br />
<br />
Some useful, lightweight programs for OpenBox are:<br />
* PyPanel, Tint2, or LXpanel if you want a panel<br />
* feh if you want to set the background<br />
* ROX if you want a simple file manager (also provides simple icons)<br />
* PcmanFM a lightweight but versatile file manager (also provides desktop icon functionality)<br />
* iDesk (available in [[AUR]]) for providing desktop icons<br />
* Graveman for burning CD's or DVD's<br />
<br />
{{Tip | More information is available in the [[Openbox]] article.}}<br />
<br />
====FVWM2====<br />
FVWM (F Virtual Window Manager) is an extremely powerful ICCCM-compliant multiple virtual desktop window manager for the X Window system. Development is active, and support is excellent. <br />
<br />
Install fvwm2 with<br />
# pacman -S fvwm <br />
<br />
It will install the official version of the WM. However, if you want/need to use some more features than it provides, you can install the patched version from archlinuxfr (see [[Unofficial user repositories]]) or [[AUR]]. To install it from AUR or archlinuxfr repesctively, execute:<br />
$ yaourt -S fvwm-patched<br />
or<br />
# pacman -S fvwm-patched<br />
<br />
fvwm will automatically be listed in kdm/gdm in the sessions menu. Otherwise, add <br />
exec fvwm 2 <br />
<br />
to your user's .xinitrc.<br />
<br />
When you start [[FVWM2]], you will get into the blank configuration. However, when you left-click on the desktop, you will be able to select to configure FVWM. chose wanted modules and you are ready to go. Check out the configs in the http://www.box-look.org. One should also consider checking FVWM forums at http://fvwm.lair.be<br />
<br />
[[SLiM]] is a very good login manager, that does not have many dependencies and acts well with FVWM. Common Applications are similar to those suggested for [[Openbox]] or [[Fluxbox]].<br />
<br />
==Common and Lightweight Applications==<br />
For a list of [[Common Applications]] and [[Lightweight Applications]], visit their respective articles.<br />
<!-- Maybe the beginners' guide shouldn't link to lightweight... --><br />
<br />
=Appendix=<br />
See the [[Beginners' Guide Appendix]]<br />
<!-- vim: set ft=Wikipedia: --></div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=PulseAudio&diff=81975
PulseAudio
2009-11-05T17:22:24Z
<p>Duerrer: Category correction</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:HOWTOs (English)]]<br />
[[Category:Audio/Video (English)]]<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|PulseAudio}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Italiano|PulseAudio (Italiano)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Türkçe|PulseAudio (Türkçe)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
= Introduction =<br />
PulseAudio is a sound server for POSIX and Win32 systems. It allows to have multiple programs playing sound at one machine and even more advanced features. PulseAudio is a drop-in replacement for the enlightened sound daemon (esd).<br />
<br />
PulseAudio is '''not''' a drop-in replacement for aRts. If you use KDE 3, it is not currently possible to use PulseAudio.<br />
<br />
This article focuses on the more basic PulseAudio features.<br />
<br />
= Install =<br />
All packages are from the community repository so you need to have it enabled. Then, to install pulseaudio:<br />
# pacman -S pulseaudio <br />
<br />
Optionally you can install some GTK front-ends for PulseAudio (recommended):<br />
# pacman -S padevchooser paman paprefs pavucontrol pavumeter<br />
<br />
For the applications that don't support PulseAudio and support ALSA it's '''recommended''' to install the PulseAudio plugin for alsalibs. This plugin is available in the alsa-plugins package.<br />
# pacman -S alsa-plugins<br />
<br />
== Drop-in replacement for ESD (EsounD) ==<br />
Current GNOME versions have support for starting ESD on session startup. Because PulseAudio can be used as drop-in replacement for ESD you can fool GNOME to load the PulseAudio daemon just like the traditional ESD daemon. To achieve this use the esdcompat script shipped with PulseAudio. Create a symlink from {{Filename|/usr/bin/esd}} to this script: <br />
# ln -sf /usr/bin/esdcompat /usr/bin/esd<br />
That's it. Now GNOME should load and make use of PulseAudio automatically on each login.<br />
<br />
Pulseaudio uses by default a different socket ({{Filename|/tmp/.esd-xxxx}}) as the stock to prevent different users to access the same socket. If you want gnome to start esd (esdcompat actually) automatically as a user you should edit the file {{Filename|/etc/pulse/system.pa}} to make it use the default socket as expected by most gnome apps. Find the line {{Codeline|"load-module module-esound-protocol-unix"}} and edit it as follows:<br />
<br />
load-module module-esound-protocol-unix socket=/tmp/.esd/socket <br />
<br />
This works only if you are the only user of the computer however, as soon as a second user starts gnome on the same computer problems are likely to appear. To have a more general solution for the problem start esdcompat on a server basis. Though I did not have to edit the above line (because my Ubuntu was working fine even without editing the above line, so tried the same with Arch and it worked) but YMMV.<br />
<br />
= Configuring your system for Pulse =<br />
== System-wide daemon (optional) ==<br />
By default, PulseAudio is run per-user and will be started automatically when it is needed. This is simpler, more efficient and more secure. If for some reason you need a system-wide daemon e.g. multiple users log in at the same time, do the following:<br />
<br />
First you need to add the "pulseaudio" daemon to {{Filename|/etc/[[rc.conf]]}}. Example:<br />
DAEMONS=(syslog-ng ipw3945d network netfs crond fam hal '''avahi-daemon''' '''pulseaudio''')<br />
To use the PulseAudio Device Chooser (padevchooser), you might also need to add the 'avahi-daemon' to this list.<br />
<br />
Then you need to add the user(s) to the pulse-access group, even for root (if you want to have sound as root).<br />
# gpasswd -a <user> pulse-access<br />
<br />
If you run PulseAudio as a daemon you will have to edit {{Filename|/etc/pulse/system.pa}} when you configure PulseAudio.<br />
If you run PulseAudio on a per-user basis you will have to edit {{Filename|/etc/pulse/default.pa}}.<br />
<br />
== Permissions for per-user daemon ==<br />
It's a good idea to add your user to the pulse-rt group, this can help performance but doesn't seem to be done automatically in installation.<br />
<br />
# gpasswd -a <user> pulse-rt<br />
<br />
== Configuration of the ALSA PulseAudio plugin ==<br />
It's recommended to configure ALSA for PulseAudio, since most applications use ALSA. This is done through the PulseAudio plugin for alsalibs (the ALSA PulseAudio plugin is available through the alsa-plugins package). In order for ALSA to use PulseAudio we need to edit (and most likely create) {{Filename|/etc/asound.conf}} (system wide settings) (recommended) or {{Filename|~/.asoundrc}} (settings on a per user basis) to have these lines:<br />
pcm.pulse {<br />
type pulse<br />
}<br />
ctl.pulse {<br />
type pulse<br />
}<br />
{{Codeline|pulse}} in {{Codeline|pcm.pulse}} and {{Codeline|ctl.pulse}} is just the name, you can change it but it would change the next steps.<br />
<br />
--[[User:BertiBoeller|BertiBoeller]] 12:33, 17 October 2009 (EDT)Can anybody give an example where to use the ''pcm.pulse'' setting?<br />
<br />
If you want ALSA to use PulseAudio by default (every program using ALSA as sound output will now use the PulseAudio plugin for ALSA) you should also add this to {{Filename|/etc/asound.conf}} or {{Filename|~/.asoundrc}}:<br />
pcm.!default {<br />
type pulse<br />
}<br />
ctl.!default {<br />
type pulse<br />
}<br />
If you selected pulse to be your default device you need to '''either''' specify the hardware device to PulseAudio in {{Filename|/etc/pulse/system.pa}} if you are using the PulseAudio daemon or in {{Filename|/etc/pulse/default.pa}} if you are using PulseAudio on a per-user basis. Example:<br />
load-module module-alsa-sink device=hw:0<br />
load-module module-alsa-source device=hw:0<br />
'''or''' you can use automatic detection using hal with:<br />
load-module module-hal-detect<br />
The above line should be there by default in {{Filename|/etc/pulse/system.pa}}, make sure it is uncommented.<br />
<br />
If you haven't configured PulseAudio as the ALSA default, you need to change the ALSA device to "pulse" in the applications that you use to make it work.<br />
<br />
=== Multiple PulseAudio ALSA devices ===<br />
<br />
If you want to use multiple sound cards or multiple virtual PCMs of your sound card (for example, to separate front and rear outputs), you'll need to tell PulseAudio to use multiple ALSA sinks:<br />
load-module module-alsa-sink device=front<br />
load-module module-alsa-sink device=rear<br />
If you want the client to have separate Pulse/ALSA outputs for each device, edit {{Filename|/etc/asound.conf}} or {{Filename|~/.asoundrc}}:<br />
pcm.pulsefront {<br />
type pulse<br />
device front<br />
}<br />
pcm.pulserear {<br />
type pulse<br />
device rear<br />
}<br />
And specify the appropriate ctl elements:<br />
ctl.pulsefront {<br />
type pulse<br />
device front<br />
}<br />
ctl.pulserear {<br />
type pulse<br />
device rear<br />
}<br />
To list the available ALSA devices:<br />
$ aplay -L<br />
<br />
I don't know what to do with the stuff above, but here is how I got it to work:<br />
<br />
If you have a multichannel soundcard you can for example route the sound from player1 to the front channels and the sound from player2 to the rear channels.<br />
<br />
User the ''aplay'' command as listed above:<br />
$ aplay -L<br />
<br />
Now edit your {{Filename|/etc/pulse/system.pa}} or {{Filename|/etc/pulse/default.pa}} (see ''Configuration of the ALSA PulseAudio plugin'') and add the desired outputs. Example:<br />
load-module module-alsa-sink device=front<br />
load-module module-alsa-sink device=surround51<br />
<br />
Disable ''load-module module-detect'' if you just want to show up those two devices in the ''Output Devices'' section of ''pavucontrol''.<br />
<br />
== Configuration of GStreamer for PulseAudio ==<br />
To make GStreamer use PulseAudio, you'll need to install the gstreamer0.10-pulse package:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gstreamer0.10-pulse<br />
<br />
Then, execute {{Codeline|gstreamer-properties}} (part of {{Codeline|gnome-media}} package) and select ''PulseAudio Sound Server'' in both Audio Input and Output. Alternatively, this can be done by setting the gconf variables {{Codeline|/system/gstreamer/0.10/default/audiosink}} to ''pulsesink'' and {{Codeline|/system/gstreamer/0.10/default/audiosrc}} to ''pulsesrc'':<br />
<br />
$ gconftool-2 -t string --set /system/gstreamer/0.10/default/audiosink pulsesink<br />
$ gconftool-2 -t string --set /system/gstreamer/0.10/default/audiosrc pulsesrc<br />
<br />
== Configuration of SDL for PulseAudio ==<br />
<br />
Since SDL version 1.2.12, SDL has native pulseaudio support. Add this to your {{Filename|.profile}} or similar: <br />
export SDL_AUDIODRIVER="pulse"<br />
to use it. Other environment variables to configure: set PASERVER to the host of the PulseAudio server and set PADEVICE to the device used on the server. (the "pulse" driver has no support, yet, for reading your pulseaudio configuration, it seems.).<br />
<br />
Or, if this driver does not work for you or if you are using an older version of SDL, <br />
export SDL_AUDIODRIVER="esd"<br />
might do the trick.<br />
<br />
{{Note | You may need to use the ABS to compile SDL with pulseaudio support. Until the quality of the driver is fixed upstream, please use the patch located here: [http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/pa-plugin-for-sdl.html SDL PulseAudio Patch]. It should fix most if not all the sound issues you may be having. You might have luck with sdl-pulse in AUR.}}<br />
<br />
== Configuration of OpenAL for PulseAudio ==<br />
<br />
=== OpenAL Soft ===<br />
<br />
Latest [http://kcat.strangesoft.net/openal.html OpenAL Soft], an implementation of OpenAL, supports PulseAudio starting from [http://opensource.creative.com/pipermail/openal-devel/2009-June/005463.html release 1.8.466]. By default OpenAL Soft will try first to open ALSA and OSS, and there is currently an [http://www.pulseaudio.org/wiki/PerfectSetup issue] with alsa output. Instead OpenAL Soft should be configured to use PulseAudio via {{Filename|/etc/openal/alsoft.conf}}:<br />
<br />
# drivers = pulse<br />
<br />
This setting was tested with warzone2100 & Glest and rocks ;)<br />
<br />
== Configuration of libao for PulseAudio ==<br />
<br />
# pacman -Sy libao-pulse<br />
<br />
Edit {{Filename|/etc/libao.conf}}, add:<br />
<br />
default_driver=pulse<br />
<br />
== Using OSS apps with PulseAudio wrapper ==<br />
<br />
If you have a program that uses OSS you can make it work with PulseAudio by starting it with padsp:<br />
$ padsp OSSprogram<br />
A few examples:<br />
$ padsp aumix<br />
$ padsp sox foo.wav -t ossdsp /dev/dsp<br />
<br />
<br />
If you prefer you can rename the program OSSprogram-real and replace it with a script like this: <br />
#!/bin/sh<br />
if test -x /usr/bin/padsp ; then<br />
exec /usr/bin/padsp /usr/bin/OSSprogram-real "$@"<br />
else<br />
exec /usr/bin/OSSprogram "$@"<br />
fi<br />
<br />
== PulseAudio with KDE 4 ==<br />
Add the following lines to your {{Filename|/etc/asound.conf}}:<br />
pcm.phononpulse {<br />
type plug<br />
slave.pcm {<br />
type pulse<br />
}<br />
hint {<br />
show on<br />
description "PulseAudio"<br />
}<br />
}<br />
Now you can change the output device in "System Settings -> Multimedia -> Device Preference" to ''PulseAudio''.<br />
<br />
Remember if you have added the ''pcm.!default'' lines to your ''asound.conf'' you can't switch between the ALSA and the PulseAudio playback.<br />
<br />
==PulseAudio over network ==<br />
One of PulseAudio's magnificent features is the possibility to stream audio from clients over TCP to the server running the PulseAudio daemon, allowing sound to be streamed through your LAN.<br />
To accomplish this, one needs to enable module-native-protocol-tcp, and copy the pulse-cookie to the clients. <br />
To enable the TCP module, add (or uncomment, if already there) this to {{Filename|/etc/pulse/system.pa}}:<br />
<br />
load-module module-native-protocol-tcp auth-ip-acl=127.0.0.1;192.168.0.0/16<br />
<br />
To allow remote connections to the TCP module, you also have to remember to unblock the service in {{Filename|/etc/hosts.allow}} with for example the following line:<br />
pulseaudio-native: ALL<br />
<br />
If you're running a system-wide PulseAudio instance, which makes sense for networked audio, the cookie is located in {{Filename|/var/run/pulse/.pulse-cookie}}. This cookie needs to be sent to the client and placed somewhere the pulse-access group can read (and with permissions so only they can read it). Alternatively, you may add auth-anonymous=1 to the end of the load-module module-native-protocol-tcp line to disable authentication. <br />
<br />
# scp /var/run/pulse/.pulse-cookie client:/etc/pulse-cookie<br />
<br />
# chown pulse:pulse-access /etc/pulse-cookie<br />
# chmod 640 /etc/pulse-cookie<br />
<br />
The pulse client needs to know where to look for the cookie.<br />
{{Filename|/etc/pulse/client.conf}}:<br />
<br />
### Cookie file<br />
cookie-file = /etc/pulse-cookie<br />
<br />
Then the client needs to be configured to connect to the specified server.<br />
{{Filename|/etc/pulse/client.conf}}:<br />
<br />
## The default server to connect to<br />
default-server = 192.168.0.5<br />
<br />
That's it!<br />
<br />
==Pulseaudio through JACK==<br />
The JACK-Audio-Connection-Kit is popular for audio work, and is widely supported by Linux audio applications. It fills a similar niche as Pulseaudio, but with more of an emphasis on professional audio work. In particular, audio applications such as Ardour and Audacity (recently) work well with Jack. Pulseaudio provides module-jack-source and module-jack-sink which allow Pulseaudio to be run as a sound server above the JACK daemon. This allows the usage of per-volume adjustments and the like for the apps which need it, play-back apps for movies and audio, while allowing low-latency and inter-app connectivity for sound-processing apps which connect to JACK.<br />
<br />
To use pulseaudio with JACK, JACK must be started up before pulseaudio, using whichever method you prefer. Pulseaudio then needs to be started loading the 2 relevant modules. Edit your {{Filename|/etc/pulse/default.pa}} (as root, of course), and change the following region:<br />
<br />
### Load audio drivers statically (it's probably better to not load<br />
### these drivers manually, but instead use module-hal-detect --<br />
### see below -- for doing this automatically)<br />
#load-module module-alsa-sink<br />
#load-module module-alsa-source device=hw:1,0<br />
#load-module module-oss device="/dev/dsp" sink_name=output source_name=input<br />
#load-module module-oss-mmap device="/dev/dsp" sink_name=output source_name=input<br />
#load-module module-null-sink<br />
#load-module module-pipe-sink<br />
<br />
### Automatically load driver modules depending on the hardware available<br />
.ifexists module-hal-detect.so<br />
load-module module-hal-detect<br />
.else<br />
### Alternatively use the static hardware detection module (for systems that<br />
### lack HAL support)<br />
load-module module-detect<br />
.endif<br />
<br />
to the following:<br />
<br />
### Load audio drivers statically (it's probably better to not load<br />
### these drivers manually, but instead use module-hal-detect --<br />
### see below -- for doing this automatically)<br />
#load-module module-alsa-sink<br />
#load-module module-alsa-source device=hw:1,0<br />
#load-module module-oss device="/dev/dsp" sink_name=output source_name=input<br />
#load-module module-oss-mmap device="/dev/dsp" sink_name=output source_name=input<br />
#load-module module-null-sink<br />
#load-module module-pipe-sink<br />
load-module module-jack-source<br />
load-module module-jack-sink<br />
<br />
### Automatically load driver modules depending on the hardware available<br />
#.ifexists module-hal-detect.so<br />
#load-module module-hal-detect<br />
#.else<br />
### Alternatively use the static hardware detection module (for systems that<br />
### lack HAL support)<br />
#load-module module-detect<br />
#.endif<br />
<br />
Basically, this prevents module-hal-detect from loading. module-hal-detect will always try to grab your sound-card (JACK has already done that, so this will cause an error). Also, the jack source and sink must be explicitly loaded.<br />
<br />
==Pulseaudio from within a chroot (ex. 32-bit chroot in 64-bit install)==<br />
<br />
Since a chroot sets up an alternative root for the running/jailing of applications, pulseaudio must be installed within the chroot itself ({{Codeline|"pacman -S pulseaudio"}} within the chroot environment).<br />
<br />
Pulseaudio, if not set up to connect to any specific server (this can be done in {{Filename|/etc/pulse/client.conf}}, through the PULSE_SERVER environment variable, or through publishing to the local X11 properties using module-x11-publish), will attempt to connect to the local pulse server, failing which it will spawn a new pulse server. Each pulse server has a unique ID based on the machine-id value in {{Filename|/var/lib/dbus}}. To allow for chrooted apps to access the pulse server, the following directories must be mounted within the chroot:-<br />
/var/run<br />
/var/lib/dbus<br />
/tmp<br />
~/.pulse<br />
{{Filename|/dev/shm}} should also be mounted for efficiency and good performance. Note that mounting /home would normally also allow sharing of the {{Filename|~/.pulse}} folder.<br />
<br />
For specific direction on accomplishing the appropriate mounts, please refer to the wiki on installing a bundled 32-bit system, especially the [http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch64_Install_bundled_32bit_system#Additional_mount_option_to_allow_32-bit_apps_to_access_the_64-bit_Pulseaudio_server additional section] specific to Pulseaudio.<br />
<br />
= Troubleshooting =<br />
<br />
=== authkey.c: Failed to open cookie file '/home/<user>/.esd_auth': Permission denied ===<br />
If this error message appears in {{Filename|/var/log/errors.log}}, then add:<br />
<br />
if [ -e /var/run/pulse/.esd_auth ]; then<br />
chown pulse:pulse-access /var/run/pulse/.esd_auth<br />
chmod 640 /var/run/pulse/.esd_auth<br />
fi<br />
<br />
before {{Codeline|"add_daemon pulseaudio"}} in {{Filename|/etc/rc.d/pulseaudio}}.<br />
<br />
=== module-x11-publish ===<br />
If PulseAudio fails to start and the messages<br />
x11wrap.c: XOpenDisplay() failed<br />
module.c: Failed to load module "module-x11-publish" (argument: ""): initialization failed.<br />
main.c: Module load failed.<br />
main.c: failed to initialize daemon.<br />
appear in your logs, you need to disable module-x11-publish in {{Filename|/etc/pulse/system.pa}}:<br />
#load-module module-x11-publish<br />
<br />
=== "daemon startup failed" ===<br />
If PulseAudio fails to start as a daemon and the message <br />
E: main.c: daemon startup failed.<br />
appears, you may need to disable the line in {{Filename|/etc/pulse/system.pa}} that reads<br />
.fail<br />
Simply add a "#" as a comment in front of that line.<br />
<br />
=== Glitches and high CPU usage since 0.9.14 ===<br />
The PulseAudio sound server has been rewritten to use timer-based audio scheduling instead of the traditional interrupt-driven approach. Timer-based scheduling may expose issues in some Alsa drivers. To turn timer-based scheduling off, replace the line:<br />
load-module module-hal-detect <br />
in {{Filename|/etc/pulse/default.pa}} by:<br />
load-module module-hal-detect tsched=0<br />
<br />
=== Audacity ===<br />
'''As of Audacity 1.3.8, PulseAudio and other non-mmap ALSA devices are supported without killing PulseAudio. Upgrading to this version is recommended.'''<br />
<br />
According to the PulseAudio.org Wiki, Audacity doesn't currently support PulseAudio. Therefore they suggest killing pulseaudio before using it.<br />
[http://www.pulseaudio.org/wiki/PerfectSetup#Audacity look here]<br />
<br />
=== PulseAudio Device Chooser (padevchooser) ===<br />
If you can't launch the PulseAudio Device Chooser, first (re)start the Avahi daemon as follows:<br />
$ sudo /etc/rc.d/avahi-daemon restart<br />
<br />
=== VLC ===<br />
If you are having audio problems with the audio playback of DVDs in VLC, uninstall VLC and install the vlc-nightly package from the AUR, and set the audio output method to {{Codeline|"Pulseaudio"}}.<br />
<br />
Alternative: [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=25257 vlc-pulse] from AUR<br />
<br />
=== mpd ===<br />
There is a pulseaudio enabled version of mpd [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=18722 in the AUR]. You will need to add the mpd user to the "pulse-access" group in order for mpd to connect to the daemon.<br />
<br />
=== module-hal-detect ===<br />
If you receive an error message about HAL, module-hal, or something along those lines, you will need to remove module-hal-detect from your {{Filename|/etc/pulse/system.pa}} and explicitely specify the ALSA devices yourself, for example:<br />
load-module module-alsa-sink device=hw:0<br />
load-module module-alsa-source device=hw:0<br />
<br />
=== No sound after install ===<br />
If you experience no audio output via any means while using ALSA as your default device, you may have to unmute your sound card. To do this, you will want to launch alsamixer and make sure each column has a green 00 under it (this can be toggled by pressing 'm')<br />
$ alsamixer -c 0<br />
<br />
Sometimes the snd_pcsp driver conflicts with the snd_hda_intel driver (for those of you<br />
using Intel cards) and no sound output is experienced. To fix this, you can blacklist the<br />
snd_pcsp driver in the MODULES array of {{Filename|/etc/rc.conf}} (by appending {{Codeline|!snd_pcsp}}).<br />
<br />
=== I have a surround sound card, but PulseAudio uses just the front speakers! ===<br />
<br />
Many people have a surround card, but have speakers for just two channels, so PulseAudio can't really default to a surround setup. To enable all the channels, edit {{Filename|/etc/pulse/daemon.conf}}: uncomment the default-sample-channels line (i.e. remove the semicolon from the beginning of the line) and set the value to '''6''' if you have a ''5.1'' setup, or '''8''' if you have ''7.1'' setup etc. After doing the edit, restart pulseaudio daemon. <br />
<br />
# Default<br />
default-sample-channels = 2<br />
# For 5.1<br />
default-sample-channels = 6<br />
# For 7.1<br />
default-sample-channels = 8<br />
<br />
=== PortAudio Applications ===<br />
The current binary of PortAudio in the community repository does not support PulseAudio and non-mmap audio devices. This can be remedied by building PortAudio from ABS and applying [http://svn.mandriva.com/cgi-bin/viewvc.cgi/packages/cooker/portaudio/current/SOURCES/portaudio-19-alsa_pulse.patch?revision=313993 a patch] to the sources.<br />
<br />
=== Amarok ===<br />
Install [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=25978 xine-lib-pulseaudio] from AUR - tested with Amarok 1.x<br />
<br />
= See also =<br />
*[[Allow multiple programs to play sound at once]]<br />
<br />
= External Links =<br />
*[http://www.pulseaudio.org/wiki/PerfectSetup http://www.pulseaudio.org/wiki/PerfectSetup] - A good guide to make your configuration perfect<br />
*[http://www.alsa-project.org/main/index.php/Asoundrc http://www.alsa-project.org/main/index.php/Asoundrc] - Alsa wiki on .asoundrc<br />
*[http://www.pulseaudio.org/ http://www.pulseaudio.org/] - PulseAudio official site<br />
*[http://mpd.wikia.com/wiki/PulseAudio#Version_0.12.0_and_later http://mpd.wikia.com/wiki/PulseAudio#Version_0.12.0_and_later] - Configuring MPD for PulseAudio<br />
*[http://www.pulseaudio.org/wiki/FAQ http://www.pulseaudio.org/wiki/FAQ] - PulseAudio FAQ</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Acer_Aspire_1410&diff=81967
Acer Aspire 1410
2009-11-05T16:48:38Z
<p>Duerrer: Category correction</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Acer (English)]]<br />
{{Stub}}<br />
This page will eventually hold information to install Arch Linux on the Acer Aspire 1410. Here is the (albeit empty) forum post for discussion: http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=626296<br />
<br />
== Summary ==<br />
<br />
=== Specifications ===<br />
<br />
{| border="1"<br />
|-<br />
! Hardware<br />
! Details<br />
! Status<br />
|-<br />
| HDD<br />
| TOSHIBA MK2555GS 250GB<br />
| Works<br />
|-<br />
| Screen<br />
| Acer® CineCrystal 11.6" WXGA (1366 x 768) high-brightness (200-nit) TFT display with 16:9 aspect ratio and LED backlight <br />
| Works<br />
|-<br />
| Graphics<br />
| Integrated Intel® Graphics Media Accelerator 4500MHD<br />
| Works<br />
|-<br />
| Wireless<br />
| Intel WiFi Link 5100 802.11a/b/g/Draft-N Wireless<br />
| Works (install driver)<br />
|-<br />
| Ethernet<br />
| Attansic Technology Gigabit Ethernet<br />
| Does not work<br />
|-<br />
| Audio<br />
| Headphones/speaker/line-out with SPDIF support and microphone ports <br />
Integrated microphone <br />
| Untested<br />
Untested<br />
|-<br />
| Card Reader<br />
| 5-in-1 card reader supports optional MultiMediaCard™, Secure Digital card, Memory Stick®, Memory Stick PRO™ or xD-Picture Card™<br />
| Works (SD/MS Pro tested)<br />
|-<br />
| Webcam<br />
| Chicony Electronics Co. Ltd<br />
| Works<br />
|-<br />
| Touchpad<br />
| <br />
| Works (modify Xorg.conf)<br />
|-<br />
| HDMI Out<br />
| <br />
| Untested<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Installing Arch ==<br />
<br />
=== Pre-Install ===<br />
Before you install Arch, ensure that the SATA mode is set to "IDE" in the BIOS. This will resolve the hard drive error messages.<br />
<br />
=== Package Installation ===<br />
Be sure to install "iwlwifi-5000-ucode" and "wireless_tools" (I also installed "netcfg") if you would like wireless to work post-install.<br />
<br />
<br />
== Additional Links ==<br />
* [http://us.acer.com/acer/productv.do?LanguageISOCtxParam=en&kcond61e.c2att101=63750&sp=page16e&ctx2.c2att1=25&link=ln438e&CountryISOCtxParam=US&ctx1g.c2att92=447&ctx1.att21k=1&CRC=1346651341 Official Site]<br />
* [http://www.linlap.com/wiki/acer+aspire+1410 Linux Laptop]</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=X_resources&diff=81941
X resources
2009-11-05T15:19:09Z
<p>Duerrer: translation link</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Dotfiles (English)]]<br />
[[Category:X Server (English)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (English)]]<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|Xdefaults (English)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Deutsch|Xdefaults (Deutsch)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
== Introduction ==<br />
Xdefaults is a user-level configuration dotfile, typically located at ~/.Xdefaults. When present, it is parsed by the <tt>xrdb</tt> (X Resource Database) program automatically when Xorg is started, and can be used to set or override preferences for X and X applications. It can do many things, including:<br />
* define terminal colours<br />
* configure terminal preferences<br />
* define DPI, antialiasing, hinting and other X font settings<br />
* set the Xcursor theme<br />
* theme xscreensaver<br />
* set preferences on low-level X applications (xclock, xpdf, etc.)<br />
<br />
== Getting started ==<br />
<br />
=== Creating .Xdefaults ===<br />
The file ~/.Xdefaults does not exist by default. To create it, open a terminal and type the following as a normal user:<br />
$ touch ~/.Xdefaults<br />
Being a plain-text file, you can edit your ~/.Xdefaults file with the text editor of your choice.<br />
<br />
=== Default settings ===<br />
To see the default settings for your installed X11 apps, look in /usr/share/X11/app-defaults/ .<br />
<br />
=== Xdefaults syntax ===<br />
==== The basic syntax ====<br />
The syntax of an Xdefaults file is as follows:<br />
'''name.Class.resource: value'''<br />
...and here's a real world example:<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.headingFont: -*-fixed-bold-r-*-*-*-100-*-*-*-*-iso8859-1<br />
<br />
'''name''': The name of the application, such xterm, xpdf, etc.<br />
<br />
'''class''': The classification used to group resources together. Class names are typically uppercase.<br />
<br />
'''resource''': The name of the resource whose value is to be changed. Resources are typically lowercase with uppercase concatenation.<br />
<br />
'''value''': The actual value of the resource. This can be 1 of 3 types:<br />
* Integer (whole numbers)<br />
* Boolean (true/false, yes/no, on/off)<br />
* String (a string of characters) (for example a word (white), a color (#ffffff), or a path (/usr/bin/firefox))<br />
<br />
'''delimiters''': A period (.) is used to signify each step down into the hierarchy -- in the above example we start at name, then descend into Class, and finally into the resource itself. A colon (:) is used to separate the resource declaration from the actual value.<br />
<br />
==== Wildcard matching ====<br />
The asterisk can be used as a wildcard, making it easy to write a single rule that can be applied to many different applications or elements. <br />
<br />
Using the previous example, if you want to apply the same font to all programs (not just xscreensaver) that contain the class name ''Dialog'' which contains the resource name ''headingFont'', you would write:<br />
'''*'''Dialog.headingFont: -*-fixed-bold-r-*-*-*-100-*-*-*-*-iso8859-1<br />
<br />
If you want to apply this same rule to all programs that contain the resource ''headingFont'' regardless of its class, you would write:<br />
'''*'''headingFont: -*-fixed-bold-r-*-*-*-100-*-*-*-*-iso8859-1<br />
<br />
==== Commenting ====<br />
To add a comment to your Xdefaults file, simply prefix it with an exclamation point (!), for example:<br />
<br />
! This is a comment placed above some Xft settings<br />
xft.dpi: 96 ! this is an inline comment<br />
<br />
! The following rule will be ignored because it has been commented out<br />
!xft.antialias: true<br />
<br />
== Sample usage ==<br />
The following samples should provide a good understanding of how application settings can be modified using an Xdefaults file. For full details, refer to the man page of the application in question.<br />
<br />
=== File header ===<br />
If desired, you can add a header to ~/.Xdefaults which not only explains the file's contents, but also instruct vim how to perform syntax highlighting and other formatting. For example:<br />
<pre><br />
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
! file: ~/.Xdefaults<br />
! author: Thayer Williams - http://cinderwick.ca<br />
! modified: November 2008<br />
! vim:enc=utf-8:nu:ai:si:et:ts=4:sw=4:ft=xdefaults:<br />
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
</pre><br />
This will instruct vim to use UTF-8 encoding, display line numbers, auto-indent, smart-indent, expand tabs to spaces, set tabs to equal 4 spaces, and set the autocommand Filetype to "xdefaults".<br />
<br />
It's a good habit to get into, especially if you'd like to make your dotfiles available for public consumption.<br />
<br />
=== Terminal colors ===<br />
Most terminals, including xterm and uxrvt, support at least 16 basic colors. The following is an example of a 16-color scheme.<br />
<br />
The colors 0-7 are the 'normal' colors, while colors 8-15 are their 'bright' counterparts (used for highlighting, etc.)<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
! terminal colors ------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
! tangoesque scheme<br />
*background: #111111<br />
*foreground: #babdb6<br />
! Black (not tango) + DarkGrey<br />
*color0: #000000<br />
*color8: #555753<br />
! DarkRed + Red<br />
*color1: #ff6565<br />
*color9: #ff8d8d<br />
! DarkGreen + Green<br />
*color2: #93d44f<br />
*color10: #c8e7a8<br />
! DarkYellow + Yellow<br />
*color3: #eab93d<br />
*color11: #ffc123<br />
! DarkBlue + Blue<br />
*color4: #204a87<br />
*color12: #3465a4<br />
! DarkMangenta + Mangenta<br />
*color5: #ce5c00<br />
*color13: #f57900<br />
!DarkCyan + Cyan (both not tango)<br />
*color6: #89b6e2<br />
*color14: #46a4ff<br />
! LightGrey + White<br />
*color7: #cccccc<br />
*color15: #ffffff<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
For more examples of color schemes, see the [[#Other_Resources | Other Resources]] section at the bottom of this article.<br />
<br />
=== Desktop preferences ===<br />
<br />
==== Xcursor settings ====<br />
Set the theme and size of your mouse cursor:<br />
<pre><br />
! Xcursor --------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
Xcursor*theme: Vanilla-DMZ-AA<br />
Xcursor.size: 22<br />
</pre><br />
Available themes reside in <tt>/usr/share/icons</tt> and local themes can be installed to <tt>~/.icons</tt><br />
<br />
==== Xft Font Settings ====<br />
You can define basic font settings without the need of a fonts.conf file or Desktop Environment. Note however, the use of a desktop environment and/or fonts.conf can override these settings. Your best option is to use one or the other, but not both.<br />
<pre><br />
! Xft settings ---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
Xft.dpi: 96<br />
Xft.antialias: true<br />
Xft.rgba: rgb<br />
Xft.hinting: true<br />
Xft.hintstyle: hintslight<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== xterm preferences ===<br />
This will open Xterm in an 80x25 character window with a scroll-bar and scroll capability for the last 512 lines.<br />
<br />
The specified [[Fonts#Best_fonts_for_terminal|Terminus]] facename is a popular and clean terminal font.<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
! xterm ----------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
xterm*geometry: 80x25<br />
xterm*faceName: terminusbold:pixelsize=14<br />
!xterm*font: -*-dina-medium-r-*-*-16-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
xterm*dynamicColors: true<br />
xterm*utf8: 2<br />
xterm*eightBitInput: true<br />
xterm*saveLines: 512<br />
xterm*scrollTtyKeypress: true<br />
xterm*scrollTtyOutput: false<br />
xterm*scrollBar: true<br />
xterm*rightScrollBar: true<br />
xterm*loginShell: true<br />
xterm*jumpScroll: true<br />
xterm*multiScroll: true<br />
xterm*toolBar: false<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== urxvt preferences ===<br />
Rxvt-unicode features an extensive list of options which can be configured via Xdefaults. Refer to the urxvt man page for details.<br />
<pre><br />
! rxvt-unicode ---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
! font preference<br />
urxvt*font: -*-terminus-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
urxvt*boldFont: -*-terminus-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
!initial size<br />
urxvt*geometry: 120x35<br />
!internal whitespace<br />
urxvt*internalBorder: 5<br />
!fade text n% upon unfocus<br />
urxvt*fading: 20<br />
!darken=(0 to 100) lighten=(-1 to -100)<br />
urxvt*shading: 30<br />
!tint background with this color<br />
urxvt*tintColor: black<br />
!set to 32-bit for real transparency (compositing required)<br />
!urxvt*depth: 24<br />
!save n lines of scrollback buffer<br />
urxvt*saveLines: 32767<br />
!flash screen for attention<br />
urxvt*visualBell: true<br />
!jump to bottom (prompt) on keypress<br />
urxvt*scrollTtyKeypress: true<br />
!jump to bottom (prompt) when tty gets new lines<br />
urxvt*scrollWithBuffer: false<br />
!jump to bottom (prompt) on tty output<br />
urxvt*scrollTtyOutput: false<br />
!toggle scrollbar<br />
urxvt*scrollBar: false<br />
!scrollbar styles: rxvt, plain, next or xterm<br />
urxvt*scrollstyle: plain<br />
!scrollbar alignment<br />
urxvt*scrollBar_right: true<br />
urxvt*scrollColor: #777777<br />
urxvt*cursorColor: #ffcc00<br />
!is this a login shell?<br />
urxvt*loginShell: true<br />
!set the TERM environment variable<br />
urxvt*termName: rxvt-unicode<br />
!enable pseudo-transparency (requires depth: 24 (see above))<br />
urxvt*inheritPixmap: true<br />
!delimiters for double-click mouse selection<br />
urxvt*cutchars: "()*,<>[]{}|'<br />
!screen dump settings<br />
urxvt*print-pipe: cat > $(echo urxvt.dump.$(date +'%Y%M%d%H%m%S'))<br />
!secondary screen scroll (default enabled)<br />
urxvt*secondaryScroll: true<br />
!de-iconify (map) on receipt of a bell character<br />
urxvt*mapAlert: true<br />
!inhibit writing record into the system log file utmp<br />
urxvt*utmpInhibit: true<br />
!! BEGIN urlLauncher settings !!<br />
urxvt*perl-lib: /usr/lib/urxvt/perl/<br />
urxvt*perl-ext-common: default,matcher<br />
urxvt*urlLauncher: /usr/bin/firefox<br />
urxvt*matcher.button: 1<br />
!! END urlLauncher settings !!<br />
<br />
!transparent=0000 opaque=ffff<br />
urxvt*background: rgba:1111/1111/1111/dddd<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== aterm preferences ===<br />
Sample settings for aterm (very similar to urxvt)<br />
<pre><br />
!aterm settings------------------------------------------------------------- <br />
<br />
aterm*background: black<br />
aterm*foreground: white<br />
aterm*transparent: true<br />
aterm*shading: 30<br />
aterm*cursorColor: gray<br />
aterm*saveLines: 2000<br />
!aterm*tinting: gray<br />
aterm*scrollBar: false<br />
!aterm*scrollBar_right: true<br />
aterm*transpscrollbar: true<br />
aterm*borderwidth: 0<br />
aterm*font: -*-terminus-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
aterm*geometry: 80x25<br />
!aterm*fading: 70 <br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== xpdf preferences ===<br />
Some basic settings for <tt>Xpdf</tt>, a lightweight PDF viewer:<br />
<pre><br />
! xpdf -----------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
xpdf*enableFreetype: yes<br />
xpdf*antialias: yes<br />
xpdf*foreground: black<br />
xpdf*background: white<br />
xpdf*urlCommand: /usr/bin/firefox %s<br />
</pre><br />
Anything more detailed than the above you should be putting in ~/.xpdfrc instead. See '''xpdf''' man page for more info. ''Note:'' viKeys is deprecated.<br />
<br />
=== lal clock ===<br />
<pre><br />
! lal clock ------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
lal*font: Arial<br />
lal*fontsize: 12<br />
lal*bold: true<br />
lal*color: #ffffff<br />
lal*width: 150<br />
lal*format: %a %b %d %l:%M%P<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== xclock preferences ===<br />
Some basic xclock settings. See xclock man page for all X resources.<br />
<pre><br />
! xclock ---------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
xclock*update: 1<br />
xclock*analog: false<br />
xclock*Foreground: white<br />
xclock*background: black<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== x11-ssh-askpass ===<br />
<pre><br />
! x11-ssh-askpass ------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
x11-ssh-askpass*font: -*-dina-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
x11-ssh-askpass*background: #000000<br />
x11-ssh-askpass*foreground: #ffffff<br />
x11-ssh-askpass.Button*background: #000000<br />
x11-ssh-askpass.Indicator*foreground: #ff9900<br />
x11-ssh-askpass.Indicator*background: #090909<br />
x11-ssh-askpass*topShadowColor: #000000<br />
x11-ssh-askpass*bottomShadowColor: #000000<br />
x11-ssh-askpass.*borderWidth: 1<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== xscreensaver theming ===<br />
A sample Xscreensaver theme. For more information, refer to the xscreensaver man page. [http://www.flickr.com/photos/cinderwick/2685038363/ View] the resulting theme.<br />
<pre><br />
! xscreensaver ---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
!font settings<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.headingFont: -*-dina-bold-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.bodyFont: -*-dina-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.labelFont: -*-dina-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.unameFont: -*-dina-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.buttonFont: -*-dina-bold-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.dateFont: -*-dina-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
xscreensaver.passwd.passwdFont: -*-dina-bold-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
!general dialog box (affects main hostname, username, password text)<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.foreground: #ffffff<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.background: #111111<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.topShadowColor: #111111<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.bottomShadowColor: #111111<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.Button.foreground: #666666<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.Button.background: #ffffff<br />
!username/password input box and date text colour<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.text.foreground: #666666<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.text.background: #ffffff<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.internalBorderWidth:24<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.borderWidth: 20<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.shadowThickness: 2<br />
!timeout bar (background is actually determined by Dialog.text.background)<br />
xscreensaver.passwd.thermometer.foreground: #ff0000<br />
xscreensaver.passwd.thermometer.background: #000000<br />
xscreensaver.passwd.thermometer.width: 8<br />
!datestamp format--see the strftime(3) manual page for details<br />
xscreensaver.dateFormat: %I:%M%P %a %b %d, %Y<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
===xcalc preferences===<br />
Some xcalc settings to colorize and customize buttons.<br />
<pre><br />
!xcalc-----------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
xcalc*geometry: 200x275<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.background: #111111<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.DEG.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.DEG.foreground: LightSeaGreen<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.GRAD.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.GRAD.foreground: LightSeaGreen<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.RAD.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.RAD.foreground: LightSeaGreen<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.INV.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.INV.foreground: Red<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.LCD.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.LCD.foreground: LightSeaGreen<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.LCD.shadowWidth: 0<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.M.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.M.foreground: LightSeaGreen<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.P.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.P.foreground: Yellow<br />
xcalc.ti.Command.foreground: White<br />
xcalc.ti.Command.background: #777777<br />
xcalc.ti.button5.background: Orange3<br />
xcalc.ti.button19.background: #611161<br />
xcalc.ti.button18.background: #611161<br />
xcalc.ti.button20.background: #611111<br />
!uncomment to change label on division button<br />
!xcalc.ti.button20.label: /<br />
xcalc.ti.button25.background: #722222<br />
xcalc.ti.button30.background: #833333<br />
xcalc.ti.button35.background: #944444<br />
xcalc.ti.button40.background: #a55555<br />
xcalc.ti.button22.background: #222262<br />
xcalc.ti.button23.background: #222262<br />
xcalc.ti.button24.background: #222272<br />
xcalc.ti.button27.background: #333373<br />
xcalc.ti.button28.background: #333373<br />
xcalc.ti.button29.background: #333373<br />
xcalc.ti.button32.background: #444484<br />
xcalc.ti.button33.background: #444484<br />
xcalc.ti.button34.background: #444484<br />
xcalc.ti.button37.background: #555595<br />
xcalc.ti.button38.background: #555595<br />
xcalc.ti.button39.background: #555595<br />
XCalc*Cursor: hand2<br />
XCalc*ShapeStyle: rectangle<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
== Color Scheme Scripts ==<br />
Any of the following scripts will display a chart of your current terminal color scheme. Handy for testing and whatnot.<br />
<br />
=== Script #1 ===<br />
<pre><br />
#!/bin/bash<br />
#<br />
# This file echoes a bunch of color codes to the <br />
# terminal to demonstrate what's available. Each <br />
# line is the color code of one forground color,<br />
# out of 17 (default + 16 escapes), followed by a <br />
# test use of that color on all nine background <br />
# colors (default + 8 escapes).<br />
#<br />
<br />
T='gYw' # The test text<br />
<br />
echo -e "\n 40m 41m 42m 43m\<br />
44m 45m 46m 47m";<br />
<br />
for FGs in ' m' ' 1m' ' 30m' '1;30m' ' 31m' '1;31m' ' 32m' \<br />
'1;32m' ' 33m' '1;33m' ' 34m' '1;34m' ' 35m' '1;35m' \<br />
' 36m' '1;36m' ' 37m' '1;37m';<br />
do FG=${FGs// /}<br />
echo -en " $FGs \033[$FG $T "<br />
for BG in 40m 41m 42m 43m 44m 45m 46m 47m;<br />
do echo -en "$EINS \033[$FG\033[$BG $T \033[0m";<br />
done<br />
echo;<br />
done<br />
echo<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== Script #2 ===<br />
<pre><br />
#!/bin/bash<br />
# Original: http://frexx.de/xterm-256-notes/<br />
# http://frexx.de/xterm-256-notes/data/colortable16.sh<br />
# Modified by Aaron Griffin<br />
# and further by Kazuo Teramoto<br />
<br />
<br />
FGNAMES=(' black ' ' red ' ' green ' ' yellow' ' blue ' 'magenta' ' cyan ' ' white ')<br />
BGNAMES=('DFT' 'BLK' 'RED' 'GRN' 'YEL' 'BLU' 'MAG' 'CYN' 'WHT')<br />
echo " ┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐"<br />
for b in $(seq 0 8); do<br />
if [ "$b" -gt 0 ]; then<br />
bg=$(($b+39))<br />
fi<br />
<br />
echo -en "\033[0m ${BGNAMES[$b]} │ "<br />
for f in $(seq 0 7); do<br />
echo -en "\033[${bg}m\033[$(($f+30))m ${FGNAMES[$f]} "<br />
done<br />
echo -en "\033[0m │"<br />
<br />
echo -en "\033[0m\n\033[0m │ "<br />
for f in $(seq 0 7); do<br />
echo -en "\033[${bg}m\033[1;$(($f+30))m ${FGNAMES[$f]} "<br />
done<br />
echo -en "\033[0m │"<br />
echo -e "\033[0m"<br />
<br />
if [ "$b" -lt 8 ]; then<br />
echo " ├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤"<br />
fi<br />
done<br />
echo " └──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘"<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== Script #3 ===<br />
<pre><br />
#!/bin/bash<br />
# Original: http://frexx.de/xterm-256-notes/<br />
# http://frexx.de/xterm-256-notes/data/colortable16.sh<br />
# Modified by Aaron Griffin<br />
# and further by Kazuo Teramoto<br />
<br />
<br />
FGNAMES=(' black ' ' red ' ' green ' ' yellow' ' blue ' 'magenta' ' cyan ' ' white ')<br />
BGNAMES=('DFT' 'BLK' 'RED' 'GRN' 'YEL' 'BLU' 'MAG' 'CYN' 'WHT')<br />
echo " ----------------------------------------------------------------------------"<br />
for b in $(seq 0 8); do<br />
if [ "$b" -gt 0 ]; then<br />
bg=$(($b+39))<br />
fi<br />
<br />
echo -en "\033[0m ${BGNAMES[$b]} : "<br />
for f in $(seq 0 7); do<br />
echo -en "\033[${bg}m\033[$(($f+30))m ${FGNAMES[$f]} "<br />
done<br />
echo -en "\033[0m :"<br />
<br />
echo -en "\033[0m\n\033[0m : "<br />
for f in $(seq 0 7); do<br />
echo -en "\033[${bg}m\033[1;$(($f+30))m ${FGNAMES[$f]} "<br />
done<br />
echo -en "\033[0m :"<br />
echo -e "\033[0m"<br />
<br />
if [ "$b" -lt 8 ]; then<br />
echo " ----------------------------------------------------------------------------"<br />
fi<br />
done<br />
echo " ----------------------------------------------------------------------------"<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
== Contributed .Xdefaults ==<br />
Check out these links for some real world examples of Xdefaults, contributed by fellow community members:<br />
<br />
http://dotfiles.org/~buttons/.Xdefaults<br/><br />
http://code.suckless.org/hg/dextra/file/513faba2591f/dolby/Xdefaults<br/><br />
http://github.com/stxza/arch-linux-configs/tree/master/.Xdefaults<br/><br />
http://dotfiles.org/~wraith/.Xdefaults<br/><br />
http://dotfiles.org/~tdy/.Xdefaults<br/><br />
http://github.com/jelly/dotfiles/tree/master/.Xdefaults<br/><br />
<br />
== Other Resources ==<br />
* [http://phraktured.net/terminal-colors/ Terminal Color Schemes]- a gallery of terminal color schemes by our very own Aaron Griffin<br />
* [http://gentoo-wiki.com/TIP_Linux_Colors_in_Aterm/rxvt TIP Linux Colors in Aterm/rxvt] - Gentoo wiki article with loads of information<br />
* [https://engineering.purdue.edu/ECN/Support/KB/Docs/UsingTheXdefaultsFil Using the Xdefaults File] - An in-depth article on how X interprets the Xdefaults file<br />
* [http://wiki.afterstep.org/index.php?title=Rxvt-Unicode_Configuration_Tutorial Rxvt-unicode Configuration Tutorial] - lots of information for urxvt users<br />
* [http://mkaz.com/ref/xterm_colors.html Available Colors and their names] - listing of available colors and their color names for xterm and other X-applications.</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=X_resources&diff=81940
X resources
2009-11-05T15:17:35Z
<p>Duerrer: added link to german version</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Dotfiles (English)]]<br />
[[Category:X Server (English)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (English)]]<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|Xdefaults}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Deutsch|Xdefaults}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
== Introduction ==<br />
Xdefaults is a user-level configuration dotfile, typically located at ~/.Xdefaults. When present, it is parsed by the <tt>xrdb</tt> (X Resource Database) program automatically when Xorg is started, and can be used to set or override preferences for X and X applications. It can do many things, including:<br />
* define terminal colours<br />
* configure terminal preferences<br />
* define DPI, antialiasing, hinting and other X font settings<br />
* set the Xcursor theme<br />
* theme xscreensaver<br />
* set preferences on low-level X applications (xclock, xpdf, etc.)<br />
<br />
== Getting started ==<br />
<br />
=== Creating .Xdefaults ===<br />
The file ~/.Xdefaults does not exist by default. To create it, open a terminal and type the following as a normal user:<br />
$ touch ~/.Xdefaults<br />
Being a plain-text file, you can edit your ~/.Xdefaults file with the text editor of your choice.<br />
<br />
=== Default settings ===<br />
To see the default settings for your installed X11 apps, look in /usr/share/X11/app-defaults/ .<br />
<br />
=== Xdefaults syntax ===<br />
==== The basic syntax ====<br />
The syntax of an Xdefaults file is as follows:<br />
'''name.Class.resource: value'''<br />
...and here's a real world example:<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.headingFont: -*-fixed-bold-r-*-*-*-100-*-*-*-*-iso8859-1<br />
<br />
'''name''': The name of the application, such xterm, xpdf, etc.<br />
<br />
'''class''': The classification used to group resources together. Class names are typically uppercase.<br />
<br />
'''resource''': The name of the resource whose value is to be changed. Resources are typically lowercase with uppercase concatenation.<br />
<br />
'''value''': The actual value of the resource. This can be 1 of 3 types:<br />
* Integer (whole numbers)<br />
* Boolean (true/false, yes/no, on/off)<br />
* String (a string of characters) (for example a word (white), a color (#ffffff), or a path (/usr/bin/firefox))<br />
<br />
'''delimiters''': A period (.) is used to signify each step down into the hierarchy -- in the above example we start at name, then descend into Class, and finally into the resource itself. A colon (:) is used to separate the resource declaration from the actual value.<br />
<br />
==== Wildcard matching ====<br />
The asterisk can be used as a wildcard, making it easy to write a single rule that can be applied to many different applications or elements. <br />
<br />
Using the previous example, if you want to apply the same font to all programs (not just xscreensaver) that contain the class name ''Dialog'' which contains the resource name ''headingFont'', you would write:<br />
'''*'''Dialog.headingFont: -*-fixed-bold-r-*-*-*-100-*-*-*-*-iso8859-1<br />
<br />
If you want to apply this same rule to all programs that contain the resource ''headingFont'' regardless of its class, you would write:<br />
'''*'''headingFont: -*-fixed-bold-r-*-*-*-100-*-*-*-*-iso8859-1<br />
<br />
==== Commenting ====<br />
To add a comment to your Xdefaults file, simply prefix it with an exclamation point (!), for example:<br />
<br />
! This is a comment placed above some Xft settings<br />
xft.dpi: 96 ! this is an inline comment<br />
<br />
! The following rule will be ignored because it has been commented out<br />
!xft.antialias: true<br />
<br />
== Sample usage ==<br />
The following samples should provide a good understanding of how application settings can be modified using an Xdefaults file. For full details, refer to the man page of the application in question.<br />
<br />
=== File header ===<br />
If desired, you can add a header to ~/.Xdefaults which not only explains the file's contents, but also instruct vim how to perform syntax highlighting and other formatting. For example:<br />
<pre><br />
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
! file: ~/.Xdefaults<br />
! author: Thayer Williams - http://cinderwick.ca<br />
! modified: November 2008<br />
! vim:enc=utf-8:nu:ai:si:et:ts=4:sw=4:ft=xdefaults:<br />
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
</pre><br />
This will instruct vim to use UTF-8 encoding, display line numbers, auto-indent, smart-indent, expand tabs to spaces, set tabs to equal 4 spaces, and set the autocommand Filetype to "xdefaults".<br />
<br />
It's a good habit to get into, especially if you'd like to make your dotfiles available for public consumption.<br />
<br />
=== Terminal colors ===<br />
Most terminals, including xterm and uxrvt, support at least 16 basic colors. The following is an example of a 16-color scheme.<br />
<br />
The colors 0-7 are the 'normal' colors, while colors 8-15 are their 'bright' counterparts (used for highlighting, etc.)<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
! terminal colors ------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
! tangoesque scheme<br />
*background: #111111<br />
*foreground: #babdb6<br />
! Black (not tango) + DarkGrey<br />
*color0: #000000<br />
*color8: #555753<br />
! DarkRed + Red<br />
*color1: #ff6565<br />
*color9: #ff8d8d<br />
! DarkGreen + Green<br />
*color2: #93d44f<br />
*color10: #c8e7a8<br />
! DarkYellow + Yellow<br />
*color3: #eab93d<br />
*color11: #ffc123<br />
! DarkBlue + Blue<br />
*color4: #204a87<br />
*color12: #3465a4<br />
! DarkMangenta + Mangenta<br />
*color5: #ce5c00<br />
*color13: #f57900<br />
!DarkCyan + Cyan (both not tango)<br />
*color6: #89b6e2<br />
*color14: #46a4ff<br />
! LightGrey + White<br />
*color7: #cccccc<br />
*color15: #ffffff<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
For more examples of color schemes, see the [[#Other_Resources | Other Resources]] section at the bottom of this article.<br />
<br />
=== Desktop preferences ===<br />
<br />
==== Xcursor settings ====<br />
Set the theme and size of your mouse cursor:<br />
<pre><br />
! Xcursor --------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
Xcursor*theme: Vanilla-DMZ-AA<br />
Xcursor.size: 22<br />
</pre><br />
Available themes reside in <tt>/usr/share/icons</tt> and local themes can be installed to <tt>~/.icons</tt><br />
<br />
==== Xft Font Settings ====<br />
You can define basic font settings without the need of a fonts.conf file or Desktop Environment. Note however, the use of a desktop environment and/or fonts.conf can override these settings. Your best option is to use one or the other, but not both.<br />
<pre><br />
! Xft settings ---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
Xft.dpi: 96<br />
Xft.antialias: true<br />
Xft.rgba: rgb<br />
Xft.hinting: true<br />
Xft.hintstyle: hintslight<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== xterm preferences ===<br />
This will open Xterm in an 80x25 character window with a scroll-bar and scroll capability for the last 512 lines.<br />
<br />
The specified [[Fonts#Best_fonts_for_terminal|Terminus]] facename is a popular and clean terminal font.<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
! xterm ----------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
xterm*geometry: 80x25<br />
xterm*faceName: terminusbold:pixelsize=14<br />
!xterm*font: -*-dina-medium-r-*-*-16-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
xterm*dynamicColors: true<br />
xterm*utf8: 2<br />
xterm*eightBitInput: true<br />
xterm*saveLines: 512<br />
xterm*scrollTtyKeypress: true<br />
xterm*scrollTtyOutput: false<br />
xterm*scrollBar: true<br />
xterm*rightScrollBar: true<br />
xterm*loginShell: true<br />
xterm*jumpScroll: true<br />
xterm*multiScroll: true<br />
xterm*toolBar: false<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== urxvt preferences ===<br />
Rxvt-unicode features an extensive list of options which can be configured via Xdefaults. Refer to the urxvt man page for details.<br />
<pre><br />
! rxvt-unicode ---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
! font preference<br />
urxvt*font: -*-terminus-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
urxvt*boldFont: -*-terminus-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
!initial size<br />
urxvt*geometry: 120x35<br />
!internal whitespace<br />
urxvt*internalBorder: 5<br />
!fade text n% upon unfocus<br />
urxvt*fading: 20<br />
!darken=(0 to 100) lighten=(-1 to -100)<br />
urxvt*shading: 30<br />
!tint background with this color<br />
urxvt*tintColor: black<br />
!set to 32-bit for real transparency (compositing required)<br />
!urxvt*depth: 24<br />
!save n lines of scrollback buffer<br />
urxvt*saveLines: 32767<br />
!flash screen for attention<br />
urxvt*visualBell: true<br />
!jump to bottom (prompt) on keypress<br />
urxvt*scrollTtyKeypress: true<br />
!jump to bottom (prompt) when tty gets new lines<br />
urxvt*scrollWithBuffer: false<br />
!jump to bottom (prompt) on tty output<br />
urxvt*scrollTtyOutput: false<br />
!toggle scrollbar<br />
urxvt*scrollBar: false<br />
!scrollbar styles: rxvt, plain, next or xterm<br />
urxvt*scrollstyle: plain<br />
!scrollbar alignment<br />
urxvt*scrollBar_right: true<br />
urxvt*scrollColor: #777777<br />
urxvt*cursorColor: #ffcc00<br />
!is this a login shell?<br />
urxvt*loginShell: true<br />
!set the TERM environment variable<br />
urxvt*termName: rxvt-unicode<br />
!enable pseudo-transparency (requires depth: 24 (see above))<br />
urxvt*inheritPixmap: true<br />
!delimiters for double-click mouse selection<br />
urxvt*cutchars: "()*,<>[]{}|'<br />
!screen dump settings<br />
urxvt*print-pipe: cat > $(echo urxvt.dump.$(date +'%Y%M%d%H%m%S'))<br />
!secondary screen scroll (default enabled)<br />
urxvt*secondaryScroll: true<br />
!de-iconify (map) on receipt of a bell character<br />
urxvt*mapAlert: true<br />
!inhibit writing record into the system log file utmp<br />
urxvt*utmpInhibit: true<br />
!! BEGIN urlLauncher settings !!<br />
urxvt*perl-lib: /usr/lib/urxvt/perl/<br />
urxvt*perl-ext-common: default,matcher<br />
urxvt*urlLauncher: /usr/bin/firefox<br />
urxvt*matcher.button: 1<br />
!! END urlLauncher settings !!<br />
<br />
!transparent=0000 opaque=ffff<br />
urxvt*background: rgba:1111/1111/1111/dddd<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== aterm preferences ===<br />
Sample settings for aterm (very similar to urxvt)<br />
<pre><br />
!aterm settings------------------------------------------------------------- <br />
<br />
aterm*background: black<br />
aterm*foreground: white<br />
aterm*transparent: true<br />
aterm*shading: 30<br />
aterm*cursorColor: gray<br />
aterm*saveLines: 2000<br />
!aterm*tinting: gray<br />
aterm*scrollBar: false<br />
!aterm*scrollBar_right: true<br />
aterm*transpscrollbar: true<br />
aterm*borderwidth: 0<br />
aterm*font: -*-terminus-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
aterm*geometry: 80x25<br />
!aterm*fading: 70 <br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== xpdf preferences ===<br />
Some basic settings for <tt>Xpdf</tt>, a lightweight PDF viewer:<br />
<pre><br />
! xpdf -----------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
xpdf*enableFreetype: yes<br />
xpdf*antialias: yes<br />
xpdf*foreground: black<br />
xpdf*background: white<br />
xpdf*urlCommand: /usr/bin/firefox %s<br />
</pre><br />
Anything more detailed than the above you should be putting in ~/.xpdfrc instead. See '''xpdf''' man page for more info. ''Note:'' viKeys is deprecated.<br />
<br />
=== lal clock ===<br />
<pre><br />
! lal clock ------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
lal*font: Arial<br />
lal*fontsize: 12<br />
lal*bold: true<br />
lal*color: #ffffff<br />
lal*width: 150<br />
lal*format: %a %b %d %l:%M%P<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== xclock preferences ===<br />
Some basic xclock settings. See xclock man page for all X resources.<br />
<pre><br />
! xclock ---------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
xclock*update: 1<br />
xclock*analog: false<br />
xclock*Foreground: white<br />
xclock*background: black<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== x11-ssh-askpass ===<br />
<pre><br />
! x11-ssh-askpass ------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
x11-ssh-askpass*font: -*-dina-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
x11-ssh-askpass*background: #000000<br />
x11-ssh-askpass*foreground: #ffffff<br />
x11-ssh-askpass.Button*background: #000000<br />
x11-ssh-askpass.Indicator*foreground: #ff9900<br />
x11-ssh-askpass.Indicator*background: #090909<br />
x11-ssh-askpass*topShadowColor: #000000<br />
x11-ssh-askpass*bottomShadowColor: #000000<br />
x11-ssh-askpass.*borderWidth: 1<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== xscreensaver theming ===<br />
A sample Xscreensaver theme. For more information, refer to the xscreensaver man page. [http://www.flickr.com/photos/cinderwick/2685038363/ View] the resulting theme.<br />
<pre><br />
! xscreensaver ---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
!font settings<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.headingFont: -*-dina-bold-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.bodyFont: -*-dina-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.labelFont: -*-dina-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.unameFont: -*-dina-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.buttonFont: -*-dina-bold-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.dateFont: -*-dina-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
xscreensaver.passwd.passwdFont: -*-dina-bold-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
!general dialog box (affects main hostname, username, password text)<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.foreground: #ffffff<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.background: #111111<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.topShadowColor: #111111<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.bottomShadowColor: #111111<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.Button.foreground: #666666<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.Button.background: #ffffff<br />
!username/password input box and date text colour<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.text.foreground: #666666<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.text.background: #ffffff<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.internalBorderWidth:24<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.borderWidth: 20<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.shadowThickness: 2<br />
!timeout bar (background is actually determined by Dialog.text.background)<br />
xscreensaver.passwd.thermometer.foreground: #ff0000<br />
xscreensaver.passwd.thermometer.background: #000000<br />
xscreensaver.passwd.thermometer.width: 8<br />
!datestamp format--see the strftime(3) manual page for details<br />
xscreensaver.dateFormat: %I:%M%P %a %b %d, %Y<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
===xcalc preferences===<br />
Some xcalc settings to colorize and customize buttons.<br />
<pre><br />
!xcalc-----------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
xcalc*geometry: 200x275<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.background: #111111<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.DEG.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.DEG.foreground: LightSeaGreen<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.GRAD.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.GRAD.foreground: LightSeaGreen<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.RAD.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.RAD.foreground: LightSeaGreen<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.INV.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.INV.foreground: Red<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.LCD.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.LCD.foreground: LightSeaGreen<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.LCD.shadowWidth: 0<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.M.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.M.foreground: LightSeaGreen<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.P.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.P.foreground: Yellow<br />
xcalc.ti.Command.foreground: White<br />
xcalc.ti.Command.background: #777777<br />
xcalc.ti.button5.background: Orange3<br />
xcalc.ti.button19.background: #611161<br />
xcalc.ti.button18.background: #611161<br />
xcalc.ti.button20.background: #611111<br />
!uncomment to change label on division button<br />
!xcalc.ti.button20.label: /<br />
xcalc.ti.button25.background: #722222<br />
xcalc.ti.button30.background: #833333<br />
xcalc.ti.button35.background: #944444<br />
xcalc.ti.button40.background: #a55555<br />
xcalc.ti.button22.background: #222262<br />
xcalc.ti.button23.background: #222262<br />
xcalc.ti.button24.background: #222272<br />
xcalc.ti.button27.background: #333373<br />
xcalc.ti.button28.background: #333373<br />
xcalc.ti.button29.background: #333373<br />
xcalc.ti.button32.background: #444484<br />
xcalc.ti.button33.background: #444484<br />
xcalc.ti.button34.background: #444484<br />
xcalc.ti.button37.background: #555595<br />
xcalc.ti.button38.background: #555595<br />
xcalc.ti.button39.background: #555595<br />
XCalc*Cursor: hand2<br />
XCalc*ShapeStyle: rectangle<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
== Color Scheme Scripts ==<br />
Any of the following scripts will display a chart of your current terminal color scheme. Handy for testing and whatnot.<br />
<br />
=== Script #1 ===<br />
<pre><br />
#!/bin/bash<br />
#<br />
# This file echoes a bunch of color codes to the <br />
# terminal to demonstrate what's available. Each <br />
# line is the color code of one forground color,<br />
# out of 17 (default + 16 escapes), followed by a <br />
# test use of that color on all nine background <br />
# colors (default + 8 escapes).<br />
#<br />
<br />
T='gYw' # The test text<br />
<br />
echo -e "\n 40m 41m 42m 43m\<br />
44m 45m 46m 47m";<br />
<br />
for FGs in ' m' ' 1m' ' 30m' '1;30m' ' 31m' '1;31m' ' 32m' \<br />
'1;32m' ' 33m' '1;33m' ' 34m' '1;34m' ' 35m' '1;35m' \<br />
' 36m' '1;36m' ' 37m' '1;37m';<br />
do FG=${FGs// /}<br />
echo -en " $FGs \033[$FG $T "<br />
for BG in 40m 41m 42m 43m 44m 45m 46m 47m;<br />
do echo -en "$EINS \033[$FG\033[$BG $T \033[0m";<br />
done<br />
echo;<br />
done<br />
echo<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== Script #2 ===<br />
<pre><br />
#!/bin/bash<br />
# Original: http://frexx.de/xterm-256-notes/<br />
# http://frexx.de/xterm-256-notes/data/colortable16.sh<br />
# Modified by Aaron Griffin<br />
# and further by Kazuo Teramoto<br />
<br />
<br />
FGNAMES=(' black ' ' red ' ' green ' ' yellow' ' blue ' 'magenta' ' cyan ' ' white ')<br />
BGNAMES=('DFT' 'BLK' 'RED' 'GRN' 'YEL' 'BLU' 'MAG' 'CYN' 'WHT')<br />
echo " ┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐"<br />
for b in $(seq 0 8); do<br />
if [ "$b" -gt 0 ]; then<br />
bg=$(($b+39))<br />
fi<br />
<br />
echo -en "\033[0m ${BGNAMES[$b]} │ "<br />
for f in $(seq 0 7); do<br />
echo -en "\033[${bg}m\033[$(($f+30))m ${FGNAMES[$f]} "<br />
done<br />
echo -en "\033[0m │"<br />
<br />
echo -en "\033[0m\n\033[0m │ "<br />
for f in $(seq 0 7); do<br />
echo -en "\033[${bg}m\033[1;$(($f+30))m ${FGNAMES[$f]} "<br />
done<br />
echo -en "\033[0m │"<br />
echo -e "\033[0m"<br />
<br />
if [ "$b" -lt 8 ]; then<br />
echo " ├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤"<br />
fi<br />
done<br />
echo " └──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘"<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== Script #3 ===<br />
<pre><br />
#!/bin/bash<br />
# Original: http://frexx.de/xterm-256-notes/<br />
# http://frexx.de/xterm-256-notes/data/colortable16.sh<br />
# Modified by Aaron Griffin<br />
# and further by Kazuo Teramoto<br />
<br />
<br />
FGNAMES=(' black ' ' red ' ' green ' ' yellow' ' blue ' 'magenta' ' cyan ' ' white ')<br />
BGNAMES=('DFT' 'BLK' 'RED' 'GRN' 'YEL' 'BLU' 'MAG' 'CYN' 'WHT')<br />
echo " ----------------------------------------------------------------------------"<br />
for b in $(seq 0 8); do<br />
if [ "$b" -gt 0 ]; then<br />
bg=$(($b+39))<br />
fi<br />
<br />
echo -en "\033[0m ${BGNAMES[$b]} : "<br />
for f in $(seq 0 7); do<br />
echo -en "\033[${bg}m\033[$(($f+30))m ${FGNAMES[$f]} "<br />
done<br />
echo -en "\033[0m :"<br />
<br />
echo -en "\033[0m\n\033[0m : "<br />
for f in $(seq 0 7); do<br />
echo -en "\033[${bg}m\033[1;$(($f+30))m ${FGNAMES[$f]} "<br />
done<br />
echo -en "\033[0m :"<br />
echo -e "\033[0m"<br />
<br />
if [ "$b" -lt 8 ]; then<br />
echo " ----------------------------------------------------------------------------"<br />
fi<br />
done<br />
echo " ----------------------------------------------------------------------------"<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
== Contributed .Xdefaults ==<br />
Check out these links for some real world examples of Xdefaults, contributed by fellow community members:<br />
<br />
http://dotfiles.org/~buttons/.Xdefaults<br/><br />
http://code.suckless.org/hg/dextra/file/513faba2591f/dolby/Xdefaults<br/><br />
http://github.com/stxza/arch-linux-configs/tree/master/.Xdefaults<br/><br />
http://dotfiles.org/~wraith/.Xdefaults<br/><br />
http://dotfiles.org/~tdy/.Xdefaults<br/><br />
http://github.com/jelly/dotfiles/tree/master/.Xdefaults<br/><br />
<br />
== Other Resources ==<br />
* [http://phraktured.net/terminal-colors/ Terminal Color Schemes]- a gallery of terminal color schemes by our very own Aaron Griffin<br />
* [http://gentoo-wiki.com/TIP_Linux_Colors_in_Aterm/rxvt TIP Linux Colors in Aterm/rxvt] - Gentoo wiki article with loads of information<br />
* [https://engineering.purdue.edu/ECN/Support/KB/Docs/UsingTheXdefaultsFil Using the Xdefaults File] - An in-depth article on how X interprets the Xdefaults file<br />
* [http://wiki.afterstep.org/index.php?title=Rxvt-Unicode_Configuration_Tutorial Rxvt-unicode Configuration Tutorial] - lots of information for urxvt users<br />
* [http://mkaz.com/ref/xterm_colors.html Available Colors and their names] - listing of available colors and their color names for xterm and other X-applications.</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Talk:X_resources&diff=81938
Talk:X resources
2009-11-05T15:16:34Z
<p>Duerrer: moved Talk:Xdefaults to Talk:Xdefaults (English):&#32;Will be translated</p>
<hr />
<div>Bravo! beautiful, thayer! thanks!<br />
I wish I could Vulcan mind-meld with you, and absorb some knowledge, you bastard. [[User:Misfit138|Misfit138]] 17:42, 19 July 2008 (EDT)<br />
:haha it's not even done yet! There's a lot of Xdefaults stuff I don't know about, so I'm just adding what I can and hopefully others will fill in the blanks. [[User:Thayer|Thayer]] 15:16, 19 July 2008 (PDT)<br />
::This sucks...I'm finding that many urxvt settings aren't recognized if a comment exists on the same line. I was hoping to keep everything on one line for clarity, but it looks like I'm going to have stretch each section and place comments above the respective command.</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=X_resources&diff=81936
X resources
2009-11-05T15:16:34Z
<p>Duerrer: moved Xdefaults to Xdefaults (English):&#32;Will be translated</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Dotfiles (English)]]<br />
[[Category:X Server (English)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (English)]]<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|Xdefaults}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
== Introduction ==<br />
Xdefaults is a user-level configuration dotfile, typically located at ~/.Xdefaults. When present, it is parsed by the <tt>xrdb</tt> (X Resource Database) program automatically when Xorg is started, and can be used to set or override preferences for X and X applications. It can do many things, including:<br />
* define terminal colours<br />
* configure terminal preferences<br />
* define DPI, antialiasing, hinting and other X font settings<br />
* set the Xcursor theme<br />
* theme xscreensaver<br />
* set preferences on low-level X applications (xclock, xpdf, etc.)<br />
<br />
== Getting started ==<br />
<br />
=== Creating .Xdefaults ===<br />
The file ~/.Xdefaults does not exist by default. To create it, open a terminal and type the following as a normal user:<br />
$ touch ~/.Xdefaults<br />
Being a plain-text file, you can edit your ~/.Xdefaults file with the text editor of your choice.<br />
<br />
=== Default settings ===<br />
To see the default settings for your installed X11 apps, look in /usr/share/X11/app-defaults/ .<br />
<br />
=== Xdefaults syntax ===<br />
==== The basic syntax ====<br />
The syntax of an Xdefaults file is as follows:<br />
'''name.Class.resource: value'''<br />
...and here's a real world example:<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.headingFont: -*-fixed-bold-r-*-*-*-100-*-*-*-*-iso8859-1<br />
<br />
'''name''': The name of the application, such xterm, xpdf, etc.<br />
<br />
'''class''': The classification used to group resources together. Class names are typically uppercase.<br />
<br />
'''resource''': The name of the resource whose value is to be changed. Resources are typically lowercase with uppercase concatenation.<br />
<br />
'''value''': The actual value of the resource. This can be 1 of 3 types:<br />
* Integer (whole numbers)<br />
* Boolean (true/false, yes/no, on/off)<br />
* String (a string of characters) (for example a word (white), a color (#ffffff), or a path (/usr/bin/firefox))<br />
<br />
'''delimiters''': A period (.) is used to signify each step down into the hierarchy -- in the above example we start at name, then descend into Class, and finally into the resource itself. A colon (:) is used to separate the resource declaration from the actual value.<br />
<br />
==== Wildcard matching ====<br />
The asterisk can be used as a wildcard, making it easy to write a single rule that can be applied to many different applications or elements. <br />
<br />
Using the previous example, if you want to apply the same font to all programs (not just xscreensaver) that contain the class name ''Dialog'' which contains the resource name ''headingFont'', you would write:<br />
'''*'''Dialog.headingFont: -*-fixed-bold-r-*-*-*-100-*-*-*-*-iso8859-1<br />
<br />
If you want to apply this same rule to all programs that contain the resource ''headingFont'' regardless of its class, you would write:<br />
'''*'''headingFont: -*-fixed-bold-r-*-*-*-100-*-*-*-*-iso8859-1<br />
<br />
==== Commenting ====<br />
To add a comment to your Xdefaults file, simply prefix it with an exclamation point (!), for example:<br />
<br />
! This is a comment placed above some Xft settings<br />
xft.dpi: 96 ! this is an inline comment<br />
<br />
! The following rule will be ignored because it has been commented out<br />
!xft.antialias: true<br />
<br />
== Sample usage ==<br />
The following samples should provide a good understanding of how application settings can be modified using an Xdefaults file. For full details, refer to the man page of the application in question.<br />
<br />
=== File header ===<br />
If desired, you can add a header to ~/.Xdefaults which not only explains the file's contents, but also instruct vim how to perform syntax highlighting and other formatting. For example:<br />
<pre><br />
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
! file: ~/.Xdefaults<br />
! author: Thayer Williams - http://cinderwick.ca<br />
! modified: November 2008<br />
! vim:enc=utf-8:nu:ai:si:et:ts=4:sw=4:ft=xdefaults:<br />
! ----------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
</pre><br />
This will instruct vim to use UTF-8 encoding, display line numbers, auto-indent, smart-indent, expand tabs to spaces, set tabs to equal 4 spaces, and set the autocommand Filetype to "xdefaults".<br />
<br />
It's a good habit to get into, especially if you'd like to make your dotfiles available for public consumption.<br />
<br />
=== Terminal colors ===<br />
Most terminals, including xterm and uxrvt, support at least 16 basic colors. The following is an example of a 16-color scheme.<br />
<br />
The colors 0-7 are the 'normal' colors, while colors 8-15 are their 'bright' counterparts (used for highlighting, etc.)<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
! terminal colors ------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
! tangoesque scheme<br />
*background: #111111<br />
*foreground: #babdb6<br />
! Black (not tango) + DarkGrey<br />
*color0: #000000<br />
*color8: #555753<br />
! DarkRed + Red<br />
*color1: #ff6565<br />
*color9: #ff8d8d<br />
! DarkGreen + Green<br />
*color2: #93d44f<br />
*color10: #c8e7a8<br />
! DarkYellow + Yellow<br />
*color3: #eab93d<br />
*color11: #ffc123<br />
! DarkBlue + Blue<br />
*color4: #204a87<br />
*color12: #3465a4<br />
! DarkMangenta + Mangenta<br />
*color5: #ce5c00<br />
*color13: #f57900<br />
!DarkCyan + Cyan (both not tango)<br />
*color6: #89b6e2<br />
*color14: #46a4ff<br />
! LightGrey + White<br />
*color7: #cccccc<br />
*color15: #ffffff<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
For more examples of color schemes, see the [[#Other_Resources | Other Resources]] section at the bottom of this article.<br />
<br />
=== Desktop preferences ===<br />
<br />
==== Xcursor settings ====<br />
Set the theme and size of your mouse cursor:<br />
<pre><br />
! Xcursor --------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
Xcursor*theme: Vanilla-DMZ-AA<br />
Xcursor.size: 22<br />
</pre><br />
Available themes reside in <tt>/usr/share/icons</tt> and local themes can be installed to <tt>~/.icons</tt><br />
<br />
==== Xft Font Settings ====<br />
You can define basic font settings without the need of a fonts.conf file or Desktop Environment. Note however, the use of a desktop environment and/or fonts.conf can override these settings. Your best option is to use one or the other, but not both.<br />
<pre><br />
! Xft settings ---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
Xft.dpi: 96<br />
Xft.antialias: true<br />
Xft.rgba: rgb<br />
Xft.hinting: true<br />
Xft.hintstyle: hintslight<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== xterm preferences ===<br />
This will open Xterm in an 80x25 character window with a scroll-bar and scroll capability for the last 512 lines.<br />
<br />
The specified [[Fonts#Best_fonts_for_terminal|Terminus]] facename is a popular and clean terminal font.<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
! xterm ----------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
xterm*geometry: 80x25<br />
xterm*faceName: terminusbold:pixelsize=14<br />
!xterm*font: -*-dina-medium-r-*-*-16-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
xterm*dynamicColors: true<br />
xterm*utf8: 2<br />
xterm*eightBitInput: true<br />
xterm*saveLines: 512<br />
xterm*scrollTtyKeypress: true<br />
xterm*scrollTtyOutput: false<br />
xterm*scrollBar: true<br />
xterm*rightScrollBar: true<br />
xterm*loginShell: true<br />
xterm*jumpScroll: true<br />
xterm*multiScroll: true<br />
xterm*toolBar: false<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== urxvt preferences ===<br />
Rxvt-unicode features an extensive list of options which can be configured via Xdefaults. Refer to the urxvt man page for details.<br />
<pre><br />
! rxvt-unicode ---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
! font preference<br />
urxvt*font: -*-terminus-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
urxvt*boldFont: -*-terminus-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
!initial size<br />
urxvt*geometry: 120x35<br />
!internal whitespace<br />
urxvt*internalBorder: 5<br />
!fade text n% upon unfocus<br />
urxvt*fading: 20<br />
!darken=(0 to 100) lighten=(-1 to -100)<br />
urxvt*shading: 30<br />
!tint background with this color<br />
urxvt*tintColor: black<br />
!set to 32-bit for real transparency (compositing required)<br />
!urxvt*depth: 24<br />
!save n lines of scrollback buffer<br />
urxvt*saveLines: 32767<br />
!flash screen for attention<br />
urxvt*visualBell: true<br />
!jump to bottom (prompt) on keypress<br />
urxvt*scrollTtyKeypress: true<br />
!jump to bottom (prompt) when tty gets new lines<br />
urxvt*scrollWithBuffer: false<br />
!jump to bottom (prompt) on tty output<br />
urxvt*scrollTtyOutput: false<br />
!toggle scrollbar<br />
urxvt*scrollBar: false<br />
!scrollbar styles: rxvt, plain, next or xterm<br />
urxvt*scrollstyle: plain<br />
!scrollbar alignment<br />
urxvt*scrollBar_right: true<br />
urxvt*scrollColor: #777777<br />
urxvt*cursorColor: #ffcc00<br />
!is this a login shell?<br />
urxvt*loginShell: true<br />
!set the TERM environment variable<br />
urxvt*termName: rxvt-unicode<br />
!enable pseudo-transparency (requires depth: 24 (see above))<br />
urxvt*inheritPixmap: true<br />
!delimiters for double-click mouse selection<br />
urxvt*cutchars: "()*,<>[]{}|'<br />
!screen dump settings<br />
urxvt*print-pipe: cat > $(echo urxvt.dump.$(date +'%Y%M%d%H%m%S'))<br />
!secondary screen scroll (default enabled)<br />
urxvt*secondaryScroll: true<br />
!de-iconify (map) on receipt of a bell character<br />
urxvt*mapAlert: true<br />
!inhibit writing record into the system log file utmp<br />
urxvt*utmpInhibit: true<br />
!! BEGIN urlLauncher settings !!<br />
urxvt*perl-lib: /usr/lib/urxvt/perl/<br />
urxvt*perl-ext-common: default,matcher<br />
urxvt*urlLauncher: /usr/bin/firefox<br />
urxvt*matcher.button: 1<br />
!! END urlLauncher settings !!<br />
<br />
!transparent=0000 opaque=ffff<br />
urxvt*background: rgba:1111/1111/1111/dddd<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== aterm preferences ===<br />
Sample settings for aterm (very similar to urxvt)<br />
<pre><br />
!aterm settings------------------------------------------------------------- <br />
<br />
aterm*background: black<br />
aterm*foreground: white<br />
aterm*transparent: true<br />
aterm*shading: 30<br />
aterm*cursorColor: gray<br />
aterm*saveLines: 2000<br />
!aterm*tinting: gray<br />
aterm*scrollBar: false<br />
!aterm*scrollBar_right: true<br />
aterm*transpscrollbar: true<br />
aterm*borderwidth: 0<br />
aterm*font: -*-terminus-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
aterm*geometry: 80x25<br />
!aterm*fading: 70 <br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== xpdf preferences ===<br />
Some basic settings for <tt>Xpdf</tt>, a lightweight PDF viewer:<br />
<pre><br />
! xpdf -----------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
xpdf*enableFreetype: yes<br />
xpdf*antialias: yes<br />
xpdf*foreground: black<br />
xpdf*background: white<br />
xpdf*urlCommand: /usr/bin/firefox %s<br />
</pre><br />
Anything more detailed than the above you should be putting in ~/.xpdfrc instead. See '''xpdf''' man page for more info. ''Note:'' viKeys is deprecated.<br />
<br />
=== lal clock ===<br />
<pre><br />
! lal clock ------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
lal*font: Arial<br />
lal*fontsize: 12<br />
lal*bold: true<br />
lal*color: #ffffff<br />
lal*width: 150<br />
lal*format: %a %b %d %l:%M%P<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== xclock preferences ===<br />
Some basic xclock settings. See xclock man page for all X resources.<br />
<pre><br />
! xclock ---------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
xclock*update: 1<br />
xclock*analog: false<br />
xclock*Foreground: white<br />
xclock*background: black<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== x11-ssh-askpass ===<br />
<pre><br />
! x11-ssh-askpass ------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
x11-ssh-askpass*font: -*-dina-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
x11-ssh-askpass*background: #000000<br />
x11-ssh-askpass*foreground: #ffffff<br />
x11-ssh-askpass.Button*background: #000000<br />
x11-ssh-askpass.Indicator*foreground: #ff9900<br />
x11-ssh-askpass.Indicator*background: #090909<br />
x11-ssh-askpass*topShadowColor: #000000<br />
x11-ssh-askpass*bottomShadowColor: #000000<br />
x11-ssh-askpass.*borderWidth: 1<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== xscreensaver theming ===<br />
A sample Xscreensaver theme. For more information, refer to the xscreensaver man page. [http://www.flickr.com/photos/cinderwick/2685038363/ View] the resulting theme.<br />
<pre><br />
! xscreensaver ---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
!font settings<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.headingFont: -*-dina-bold-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.bodyFont: -*-dina-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.labelFont: -*-dina-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.unameFont: -*-dina-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.buttonFont: -*-dina-bold-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.dateFont: -*-dina-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
xscreensaver.passwd.passwdFont: -*-dina-bold-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*<br />
!general dialog box (affects main hostname, username, password text)<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.foreground: #ffffff<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.background: #111111<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.topShadowColor: #111111<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.bottomShadowColor: #111111<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.Button.foreground: #666666<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.Button.background: #ffffff<br />
!username/password input box and date text colour<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.text.foreground: #666666<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.text.background: #ffffff<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.internalBorderWidth:24<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.borderWidth: 20<br />
xscreensaver.Dialog.shadowThickness: 2<br />
!timeout bar (background is actually determined by Dialog.text.background)<br />
xscreensaver.passwd.thermometer.foreground: #ff0000<br />
xscreensaver.passwd.thermometer.background: #000000<br />
xscreensaver.passwd.thermometer.width: 8<br />
!datestamp format--see the strftime(3) manual page for details<br />
xscreensaver.dateFormat: %I:%M%P %a %b %d, %Y<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
===xcalc preferences===<br />
Some xcalc settings to colorize and customize buttons.<br />
<pre><br />
!xcalc-----------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
xcalc*geometry: 200x275<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.background: #111111<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.DEG.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.DEG.foreground: LightSeaGreen<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.GRAD.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.GRAD.foreground: LightSeaGreen<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.RAD.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.RAD.foreground: LightSeaGreen<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.INV.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.INV.foreground: Red<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.LCD.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.LCD.foreground: LightSeaGreen<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.LCD.shadowWidth: 0<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.M.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.M.foreground: LightSeaGreen<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.P.background: #000000<br />
xcalc.ti.bevel.screen.P.foreground: Yellow<br />
xcalc.ti.Command.foreground: White<br />
xcalc.ti.Command.background: #777777<br />
xcalc.ti.button5.background: Orange3<br />
xcalc.ti.button19.background: #611161<br />
xcalc.ti.button18.background: #611161<br />
xcalc.ti.button20.background: #611111<br />
!uncomment to change label on division button<br />
!xcalc.ti.button20.label: /<br />
xcalc.ti.button25.background: #722222<br />
xcalc.ti.button30.background: #833333<br />
xcalc.ti.button35.background: #944444<br />
xcalc.ti.button40.background: #a55555<br />
xcalc.ti.button22.background: #222262<br />
xcalc.ti.button23.background: #222262<br />
xcalc.ti.button24.background: #222272<br />
xcalc.ti.button27.background: #333373<br />
xcalc.ti.button28.background: #333373<br />
xcalc.ti.button29.background: #333373<br />
xcalc.ti.button32.background: #444484<br />
xcalc.ti.button33.background: #444484<br />
xcalc.ti.button34.background: #444484<br />
xcalc.ti.button37.background: #555595<br />
xcalc.ti.button38.background: #555595<br />
xcalc.ti.button39.background: #555595<br />
XCalc*Cursor: hand2<br />
XCalc*ShapeStyle: rectangle<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
== Color Scheme Scripts ==<br />
Any of the following scripts will display a chart of your current terminal color scheme. Handy for testing and whatnot.<br />
<br />
=== Script #1 ===<br />
<pre><br />
#!/bin/bash<br />
#<br />
# This file echoes a bunch of color codes to the <br />
# terminal to demonstrate what's available. Each <br />
# line is the color code of one forground color,<br />
# out of 17 (default + 16 escapes), followed by a <br />
# test use of that color on all nine background <br />
# colors (default + 8 escapes).<br />
#<br />
<br />
T='gYw' # The test text<br />
<br />
echo -e "\n 40m 41m 42m 43m\<br />
44m 45m 46m 47m";<br />
<br />
for FGs in ' m' ' 1m' ' 30m' '1;30m' ' 31m' '1;31m' ' 32m' \<br />
'1;32m' ' 33m' '1;33m' ' 34m' '1;34m' ' 35m' '1;35m' \<br />
' 36m' '1;36m' ' 37m' '1;37m';<br />
do FG=${FGs// /}<br />
echo -en " $FGs \033[$FG $T "<br />
for BG in 40m 41m 42m 43m 44m 45m 46m 47m;<br />
do echo -en "$EINS \033[$FG\033[$BG $T \033[0m";<br />
done<br />
echo;<br />
done<br />
echo<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== Script #2 ===<br />
<pre><br />
#!/bin/bash<br />
# Original: http://frexx.de/xterm-256-notes/<br />
# http://frexx.de/xterm-256-notes/data/colortable16.sh<br />
# Modified by Aaron Griffin<br />
# and further by Kazuo Teramoto<br />
<br />
<br />
FGNAMES=(' black ' ' red ' ' green ' ' yellow' ' blue ' 'magenta' ' cyan ' ' white ')<br />
BGNAMES=('DFT' 'BLK' 'RED' 'GRN' 'YEL' 'BLU' 'MAG' 'CYN' 'WHT')<br />
echo " ┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐"<br />
for b in $(seq 0 8); do<br />
if [ "$b" -gt 0 ]; then<br />
bg=$(($b+39))<br />
fi<br />
<br />
echo -en "\033[0m ${BGNAMES[$b]} │ "<br />
for f in $(seq 0 7); do<br />
echo -en "\033[${bg}m\033[$(($f+30))m ${FGNAMES[$f]} "<br />
done<br />
echo -en "\033[0m │"<br />
<br />
echo -en "\033[0m\n\033[0m │ "<br />
for f in $(seq 0 7); do<br />
echo -en "\033[${bg}m\033[1;$(($f+30))m ${FGNAMES[$f]} "<br />
done<br />
echo -en "\033[0m │"<br />
echo -e "\033[0m"<br />
<br />
if [ "$b" -lt 8 ]; then<br />
echo " ├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤"<br />
fi<br />
done<br />
echo " └──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘"<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
=== Script #3 ===<br />
<pre><br />
#!/bin/bash<br />
# Original: http://frexx.de/xterm-256-notes/<br />
# http://frexx.de/xterm-256-notes/data/colortable16.sh<br />
# Modified by Aaron Griffin<br />
# and further by Kazuo Teramoto<br />
<br />
<br />
FGNAMES=(' black ' ' red ' ' green ' ' yellow' ' blue ' 'magenta' ' cyan ' ' white ')<br />
BGNAMES=('DFT' 'BLK' 'RED' 'GRN' 'YEL' 'BLU' 'MAG' 'CYN' 'WHT')<br />
echo " ----------------------------------------------------------------------------"<br />
for b in $(seq 0 8); do<br />
if [ "$b" -gt 0 ]; then<br />
bg=$(($b+39))<br />
fi<br />
<br />
echo -en "\033[0m ${BGNAMES[$b]} : "<br />
for f in $(seq 0 7); do<br />
echo -en "\033[${bg}m\033[$(($f+30))m ${FGNAMES[$f]} "<br />
done<br />
echo -en "\033[0m :"<br />
<br />
echo -en "\033[0m\n\033[0m : "<br />
for f in $(seq 0 7); do<br />
echo -en "\033[${bg}m\033[1;$(($f+30))m ${FGNAMES[$f]} "<br />
done<br />
echo -en "\033[0m :"<br />
echo -e "\033[0m"<br />
<br />
if [ "$b" -lt 8 ]; then<br />
echo " ----------------------------------------------------------------------------"<br />
fi<br />
done<br />
echo " ----------------------------------------------------------------------------"<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
== Contributed .Xdefaults ==<br />
Check out these links for some real world examples of Xdefaults, contributed by fellow community members:<br />
<br />
http://dotfiles.org/~buttons/.Xdefaults<br/><br />
http://code.suckless.org/hg/dextra/file/513faba2591f/dolby/Xdefaults<br/><br />
http://github.com/stxza/arch-linux-configs/tree/master/.Xdefaults<br/><br />
http://dotfiles.org/~wraith/.Xdefaults<br/><br />
http://dotfiles.org/~tdy/.Xdefaults<br/><br />
http://github.com/jelly/dotfiles/tree/master/.Xdefaults<br/><br />
<br />
== Other Resources ==<br />
* [http://phraktured.net/terminal-colors/ Terminal Color Schemes]- a gallery of terminal color schemes by our very own Aaron Griffin<br />
* [http://gentoo-wiki.com/TIP_Linux_Colors_in_Aterm/rxvt TIP Linux Colors in Aterm/rxvt] - Gentoo wiki article with loads of information<br />
* [https://engineering.purdue.edu/ECN/Support/KB/Docs/UsingTheXdefaultsFil Using the Xdefaults File] - An in-depth article on how X interprets the Xdefaults file<br />
* [http://wiki.afterstep.org/index.php?title=Rxvt-Unicode_Configuration_Tutorial Rxvt-unicode Configuration Tutorial] - lots of information for urxvt users<br />
* [http://mkaz.com/ref/xterm_colors.html Available Colors and their names] - listing of available colors and their color names for xterm and other X-applications.</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=List_of_applications/Science&diff=81910
List of applications/Science
2009-11-05T14:19:32Z
<p>Duerrer: moved Scientific Applications to Scientific Applications (English):&#32;"(English)" was forgotten</p>
<hr />
<div>=Mathematics=<br />
==Calculator==<br />
* [http://speedcrunch.org Speedcrunch] - A feature-rich scientific calculator.<br />
* [http://extcalc-linux.sourceforge.net/ ExtCalc] - A feature-rich scientific calculator.<br />
* [http://kalgebra.berlios.de/ KAlgebra] - calculator and 3D plot.<br />
* [http://qalculate.sourceforge.net/ Qalculate] - calculator that recognises constants and units.<br />
<br />
==Computer Algebra System==<br />
*[http://maxima.sourceforge.net/ Maxima] - "Maple/Mathematica"-like program or its frontend [http://wxmaxima.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page wXMaxima].<br />
*[http://www.sagemath.org/ Sage] - "Maple/Mathematica-like"-like program in python.<br />
<br />
==Scientific or Technical Computing==<br />
*[[Matlab]] - Widely used for scientific computing and data processing (proprietary!).<br />
*[http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/ Octave] - "Matlab"-like program or its frontend [[QtOctave]].<br />
*[http://freemat.sourceforge.net/ Freemat] - "Matlab"-like program.<br />
*[http://www.scilab.org/ Scilab] - "Matlab"-like program.<br />
<br />
==Statistics==<br />
* [http://www.gnu.org/software/pspp/ PSPP] - Free SPSS implementation (Graphical:PSPPire).<br />
* [http://rkward.sourceforge.net/ RKWard] - Frontend for the statistical language R.<br />
<br />
==Data Evaluation==<br />
* [http://www.unipress.waw.pl/fityk/ Fityk] - Non-linear fitting of curves.<br />
* [http://soft.proindependent.com/qtiplot.html QtiPlot] - Similar & semi-compatible with "OriginLab".<br />
* [http://scidavis.sourceforge.net/ SciDavis] - Similar to QtiPlot.<br />
* [http://labplot.sourceforge.net/ LabPlot] - Comparable to "OriginLab".<br />
* [http://root.cern.ch/drupal/ ROOT] - Data analysis program and library (originally for particle physics).<br />
* [http://www.gnuplot.info/ GnuPlot] - Command-line based plotting program.<br />
* [http://plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il/Grace/ XmGrace] - Plotting program with GUI.<br />
* [[Common Applications#Spreadsheets]]<br />
<br />
=Chemistry and Biology=<br />
<br />
==Molecule Viewer==<br />
*[http://avogadro.openmolecules.net/wiki/Main_Page Avogadro] - Edit and view 3D molecule structures (also .pdb) and simulate.<br />
*[http://www.uku.fi/~thassine/projects/ghemical/ Ghemical] - Edit and view 3D molecule structures (also .pdb) and simulate.<br />
*[http://www.rasmol.org/ Rasmol] - View 3D molecule structures.<br />
*[http://pymol.sourceforge.net/ Pymol] - View 3D molecule structures.<br />
<br />
==Molecule Drawing==<br />
*[http://bkchem.zirael.org/ BkChem] - Practical and goodlooking skeletal formula molecule drawing program.<br />
*[http://xdrawchem.sourceforge.net/ XDrawChem] - Extensive skeletal formula molecule drawing program (incl. spectroscopy prediction).<br />
*[http://easychem.sourceforge.net/ EasyChem] - Simple skel]etal formula molecule drawing program.<br />
*[http://ruby.chemie.uni-freiburg.de/~martin/chemtool/ Chemtool] - Skeletal formula molecule drawing program.<br />
<br />
==Periodic Table==<br />
* [http://edu.kde.org/kalzium/ Kalzium] - Periodic table of the elements with molecule editor and equation solver (from KDE project).<br />
* [http://www.kdau.com/projects/gelemental/ GElemental] - Periodic table of the elements and additional information. <br />
<br />
==Biochemistry==<br />
* [http://www.bioclipse.net/ Bioclipse] - Aims to be a complete biochemistry office suite.<br />
<br />
=Physics=<br />
<br />
==Electronics==<br />
*[http://qucs.sourceforge.net/ Qucs] - Electronic circuit simulation.<br />
*[http://oregano.gforge.lug.fi.uba.ar/ Oregano] - Electronic circuit simulation.<br />
*[http://qelectrotech.org/ QElectroTech] - Draw advanced electrical circuits.<br />
*[http://kicad.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page KiCad] - Design schematics for printed circuit boards.<br />
*[http://ksimus.berlios.de/ KSimus] - Logical circuits simulation.<br />
*[http://www.a-rostin.de/ KLogic] - Logical circuits simulation.<br />
<br />
==Physics Simulation==<br />
*[http://www.code-aster.org Code Aster] - Simulation for civil and structural engineering.<br />
*[http://edu.kde.org/step/ Step] - Physics Simulation Educative physics simulation (KDE).<br />
<br />
==Unit Conversion==<br />
*[http://convertall.bellz.org/ Convertall] - Convert between different physical units.<br />
*[http://www.unihedron.com/projects/gonvert/ Gonvert] - Convert between different physical units.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Science (English)]]</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=List_of_applications/Science&diff=81909
List of applications/Science
2009-11-05T14:18:39Z
<p>Duerrer: Added physics links</p>
<hr />
<div>=Mathematics=<br />
==Calculator==<br />
* [http://speedcrunch.org Speedcrunch] - A feature-rich scientific calculator.<br />
* [http://extcalc-linux.sourceforge.net/ ExtCalc] - A feature-rich scientific calculator.<br />
* [http://kalgebra.berlios.de/ KAlgebra] - calculator and 3D plot.<br />
* [http://qalculate.sourceforge.net/ Qalculate] - calculator that recognises constants and units.<br />
<br />
==Computer Algebra System==<br />
*[http://maxima.sourceforge.net/ Maxima] - "Maple/Mathematica"-like program or its frontend [http://wxmaxima.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page wXMaxima].<br />
*[http://www.sagemath.org/ Sage] - "Maple/Mathematica-like"-like program in python.<br />
<br />
==Scientific or Technical Computing==<br />
*[[Matlab]] - Widely used for scientific computing and data processing (proprietary!).<br />
*[http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/ Octave] - "Matlab"-like program or its frontend [[QtOctave]].<br />
*[http://freemat.sourceforge.net/ Freemat] - "Matlab"-like program.<br />
*[http://www.scilab.org/ Scilab] - "Matlab"-like program.<br />
<br />
==Statistics==<br />
* [http://www.gnu.org/software/pspp/ PSPP] - Free SPSS implementation (Graphical:PSPPire).<br />
* [http://rkward.sourceforge.net/ RKWard] - Frontend for the statistical language R.<br />
<br />
==Data Evaluation==<br />
* [http://www.unipress.waw.pl/fityk/ Fityk] - Non-linear fitting of curves.<br />
* [http://soft.proindependent.com/qtiplot.html QtiPlot] - Similar & semi-compatible with "OriginLab".<br />
* [http://scidavis.sourceforge.net/ SciDavis] - Similar to QtiPlot.<br />
* [http://labplot.sourceforge.net/ LabPlot] - Comparable to "OriginLab".<br />
* [http://root.cern.ch/drupal/ ROOT] - Data analysis program and library (originally for particle physics).<br />
* [http://www.gnuplot.info/ GnuPlot] - Command-line based plotting program.<br />
* [http://plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il/Grace/ XmGrace] - Plotting program with GUI.<br />
* [[Common Applications#Spreadsheets]]<br />
<br />
=Chemistry and Biology=<br />
<br />
==Molecule Viewer==<br />
*[http://avogadro.openmolecules.net/wiki/Main_Page Avogadro] - Edit and view 3D molecule structures (also .pdb) and simulate.<br />
*[http://www.uku.fi/~thassine/projects/ghemical/ Ghemical] - Edit and view 3D molecule structures (also .pdb) and simulate.<br />
*[http://www.rasmol.org/ Rasmol] - View 3D molecule structures.<br />
*[http://pymol.sourceforge.net/ Pymol] - View 3D molecule structures.<br />
<br />
==Molecule Drawing==<br />
*[http://bkchem.zirael.org/ BkChem] - Practical and goodlooking skeletal formula molecule drawing program.<br />
*[http://xdrawchem.sourceforge.net/ XDrawChem] - Extensive skeletal formula molecule drawing program (incl. spectroscopy prediction).<br />
*[http://easychem.sourceforge.net/ EasyChem] - Simple skel]etal formula molecule drawing program.<br />
*[http://ruby.chemie.uni-freiburg.de/~martin/chemtool/ Chemtool] - Skeletal formula molecule drawing program.<br />
<br />
==Periodic Table==<br />
* [http://edu.kde.org/kalzium/ Kalzium] - Periodic table of the elements with molecule editor and equation solver (from KDE project).<br />
* [http://www.kdau.com/projects/gelemental/ GElemental] - Periodic table of the elements and additional information. <br />
<br />
==Biochemistry==<br />
* [http://www.bioclipse.net/ Bioclipse] - Aims to be a complete biochemistry office suite.<br />
<br />
=Physics=<br />
<br />
==Electronics==<br />
*[http://qucs.sourceforge.net/ Qucs] - Electronic circuit simulation.<br />
*[http://oregano.gforge.lug.fi.uba.ar/ Oregano] - Electronic circuit simulation.<br />
*[http://qelectrotech.org/ QElectroTech] - Draw advanced electrical circuits.<br />
*[http://kicad.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page KiCad] - Design schematics for printed circuit boards.<br />
*[http://ksimus.berlios.de/ KSimus] - Logical circuits simulation.<br />
*[http://www.a-rostin.de/ KLogic] - Logical circuits simulation.<br />
<br />
==Physics Simulation==<br />
*[http://www.code-aster.org Code Aster] - Simulation for civil and structural engineering.<br />
*[http://edu.kde.org/step/ Step] - Physics Simulation Educative physics simulation (KDE).<br />
<br />
==Unit Conversion==<br />
*[http://convertall.bellz.org/ Convertall] - Convert between different physical units.<br />
*[http://www.unihedron.com/projects/gonvert/ Gonvert] - Convert between different physical units.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Science (English)]]</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Table_of_contents&diff=81906
Table of contents
2009-11-05T14:03:58Z
<p>Duerrer: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:ArchWiki Tools (English)]]<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Česky|Table of Contents (Česky)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Deutsch|Table of Contents (Deutsch)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|Table of Contents (English)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Español|Tabla de Contenidos (Español)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Français|Table des matières (Français)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Italiano|Table of Contents (Italiano)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Lietuviškai|Table of Contents (Lietuviškai)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Nederlands|Table of Contents (Nederlands)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Polski|Table of Contents (Polski)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Português do Brasil|Table of Contents (Português do Brasil)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Português|Índice de Conteúdos (Português)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Русский|Table of Contents (Русский)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Română|Table of Contents (Română)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Slovensky|Table of Contents (Slovensky)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|ไทย|Table of Contents (ไทย)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Українська|Table of Contents (Українська)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|Table of Contents (简体中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|繁體中文|Table of Contents (繁體中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|正體中文|Table of Contents (正體中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Ελληνικά|Table of Contents (Ελληνικά)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
*[[:Category: About Arch (English)|About Arch]]<br />
**[[:Category:Events (English)|Events]]<br />
*[[:Category: Getting and installing Arch (English)|Getting and installing Arch]]<br />
*[[:Category: System administration (English)|System administration]]<br />
**[[:Category:Hardware (English)|Hardware]]<br />
***[[:Category:Arch64 (English)|Arch64]]<br />
***[[:Category:CPU (English)|CPU]]<br />
***[[:Category:Communication and network (English)|Communication and network]]<br />
***[[:Category:Graphics (English)|Graphics]]<br />
***[[:Category:Hardware detection and troubleshooting (English)|Hardware detection and troubleshooting]]<br />
***[[:Category:I586 (English)|I586]]<br />
***[[:Category:Imaging (English)|Imaging]]<br />
***[[:Category:Input devices (English)|Input devices]]<br />
***[[:Category:Laptops (English)|Laptops]]<br />
***[[:Category:Mainboards and BIOS (English)|Mainboards and BIOS]]<br />
***[[:Category:Optical (English)|Optical]]<br />
***[[:Category:Other hardware (English)|Other hardware]]<br />
***[[:Category:PowerPC (English)|PowerPC]]<br />
***[[:Category:Printers (English)|Printers]]<br />
***[[:Category:Sound (English)|Sound]]<br />
***[[:Category:Storage (English)|Storage]]<br />
**[[:Category:Kernel (English)|Kernel]]<br />
**[[:Category:Networking (English)|Networking]]<br />
**[[:Category:Security (English)|Security]]<br />
**[[:Category:Software (English)|Software]]<br />
***[[:Category:Boot process (English)|Boot process]]<br />
***[[:Category:Command shells (English)|Command shells]]<br />
***[[:Category:Daemons and system services (English)|Daemons and system services]]<br />
***[[:Category:Desktop environments (English)|Desktop environments]]<br />
***[[:Category:Display managers (English)|Display managers]]<br />
***[[:Category:Dotfiles (English)|Dotfiles]]<br />
***[[:Category:File systems (English)|File systems]]<br />
***[[:Category:Fonts (English)|Fonts]]<br />
***[[:Category:Package management (English)|Package management]]<br />
***[[:Category:Power management (English)|Power management]]<br />
***[[:Category:X Server (English)|X Server]]<br />
*[[:Category: Desktop user's guide (English)|Desktop user's guide]]<br />
**[[:Category:Accessibility (English)|Accessibility]]<br />
**[[:Category:Audio/Video (English)|Audio/Video]]<br />
**[[:Category:Development (English)|Development]]<br />
**[[:Category:Educational (English)|Educational]]<br />
***[[:Category:Science (English)|Science]]<br />
**[[:Category:Emulators (English)|Emulators]]<br />
***[[:Category:Wine (English)|Wine]]<br />
**[[:Category:Eye candy (English)|Eye candy]]<br />
**[[:Category:Games and entertainment (English)|Games and entertainment]]<br />
**[[:Category:Graphics and DTP (English)|Graphics and DTP]]<br />
**[[:Category:Internationalization (English)|Internationalization]]<br />
**[[:Category:Internet and Email (English)|Internet and Email]]<br />
**[[:Category:Office (English)|Office]]<br />
**[[:Category:Other desktop user's resources (English)|Other desktop user's resources]]<br />
**[[:Category:Scripts (English)|Scripts]]<br />
**[[:Category:Utilities (English)|Utilities]]<br />
*[[:Category:System recovery (English)|System recovery]]<br />
*[[:Category: Arch development (English)|Arch development]]<br />
**[[:Category:Package development (English)|Package development]]<br />
*[[:Category: Live Arch systems (English)|Live Arch systems]]<br />
*[[:Category:ArchWiki Tools (English)|ArchWiki Tools]]</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=List_of_applications/Science&diff=81905
List of applications/Science
2009-11-05T14:02:16Z
<p>Duerrer: reduced categories: now Educational>Science>Scientific Applications</p>
<hr />
<div>=Mathematics=<br />
==Calculator==<br />
* [http://speedcrunch.org Speedcrunch] - A feature-rich scientific calculator.<br />
* [http://extcalc-linux.sourceforge.net/ ExtCalc] - A feature-rich scientific calculator.<br />
* [http://kalgebra.berlios.de/ KAlgebra] - calculator and 3D plot.<br />
* [http://qalculate.sourceforge.net/ Qalculate] - calculator that recognises constants and units.<br />
<br />
==Computer Algebra System==<br />
*[http://maxima.sourceforge.net/ Maxima] - "Maple/Mathematica"-like program or its frontend [http://wxmaxima.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page wXMaxima].<br />
*[http://www.sagemath.org/ Sage] - "Maple/Mathematica-like"-like program in python.<br />
<br />
==Scientific or Technical Computing==<br />
*[[Matlab]] - Widely used for scientific computing and data processing (proprietary!).<br />
*[http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/ Octave] - "Matlab"-like program or its frontend [[QtOctave]].<br />
*[http://freemat.sourceforge.net/ Freemat] - "Matlab"-like program.<br />
*[http://www.scilab.org/ Scilab] - "Matlab"-like program.<br />
<br />
==Statistics==<br />
* [http://www.gnu.org/software/pspp/ PSPP] - Free SPSS implementation (Graphical:PSPPire).<br />
* [http://rkward.sourceforge.net/ RKWard] - Frontend for the statistical language R.<br />
<br />
==Data Evaluation==<br />
* [http://www.unipress.waw.pl/fityk/ Fityk] - Non-linear fitting of curves.<br />
* [http://soft.proindependent.com/qtiplot.html QtiPlot] - Similar & semi-compatible with "OriginLab".<br />
* [http://scidavis.sourceforge.net/ SciDavis] - Similar to QtiPlot.<br />
* [http://labplot.sourceforge.net/ LabPlot] - Comparable to "OriginLab".<br />
* [http://root.cern.ch/drupal/ ROOT] - Data analysis program and library (originally for particle physics).<br />
* [http://www.gnuplot.info/ GnuPlot] - Command-line based plotting program.<br />
* [http://plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il/Grace/ XmGrace] - Plotting program with GUI.<br />
* [[Common Applications#Spreadsheets]]<br />
<br />
=Chemistry and Biology=<br />
<br />
==Molecule Viewer==<br />
*[http://avogadro.openmolecules.net/wiki/Main_Page Avogadro] - Edit and view 3D molecule structures (also .pdb) and simulate.<br />
*[http://www.uku.fi/~thassine/projects/ghemical/ Ghemical] - Edit and view 3D molecule structures (also .pdb) and simulate.<br />
*[http://www.rasmol.org/ Rasmol] - View 3D molecule structures.<br />
*[http://pymol.sourceforge.net/ Pymol] - View 3D molecule structures.<br />
<br />
==Molecule Drawing==<br />
*[http://bkchem.zirael.org/ BkChem] - Practical and goodlooking skeletal formula molecule drawing program.<br />
*[http://xdrawchem.sourceforge.net/ XDrawChem] - Extensive skeletal formula molecule drawing program (incl. spectroscopy prediction).<br />
*[http://easychem.sourceforge.net/ EasyChem] - Simple skel]etal formula molecule drawing program.<br />
*[http://ruby.chemie.uni-freiburg.de/~martin/chemtool/ Chemtool] - Skeletal formula molecule drawing program.<br />
<br />
==Periodic Table==<br />
* [http://edu.kde.org/kalzium/ Kalzium] - Periodic table of the elements with molecule editor and equation solver (from KDE project).<br />
* [http://www.kdau.com/projects/gelemental/ GElemental] - Periodic table of the elements and additional information. <br />
<br />
==Biochemistry==<br />
* [http://www.bioclipse.net/ Bioclipse] - Aims to be a complete biochemistry office suite.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Science (English)]]</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=List_of_applications/Science&diff=81901
List of applications/Science
2009-11-05T13:50:26Z
<p>Duerrer: /* Scientific or Technical Computing */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Mathematics=<br />
==Calculator==<br />
* [http://speedcrunch.org Speedcrunch] - A feature-rich scientific calculator.<br />
* [http://extcalc-linux.sourceforge.net/ ExtCalc] - A feature-rich scientific calculator.<br />
* [http://kalgebra.berlios.de/ KAlgebra] - calculator and 3D plot.<br />
* [http://qalculate.sourceforge.net/ Qalculate] - calculator that recognises constants and units.<br />
<br />
==Computer Algebra System==<br />
*[http://maxima.sourceforge.net/ Maxima] - "Maple/Mathematica"-like program or its frontend [http://wxmaxima.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page wXMaxima].<br />
*[http://www.sagemath.org/ Sage] - "Maple/Mathematica-like"-like program in python.<br />
<br />
==Scientific or Technical Computing==<br />
*[[Matlab]] - Widely used for scientific computing and data processing (proprietary!).<br />
*[http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/ Octave] - "Matlab"-like program or its frontend [[QtOctave]].<br />
*[http://freemat.sourceforge.net/ Freemat] - "Matlab"-like program.<br />
*[http://www.scilab.org/ Scilab] - "Matlab"-like program.<br />
<br />
==Statistics==<br />
* [http://www.gnu.org/software/pspp/ PSPP] - Free SPSS implementation (Graphical:PSPPire).<br />
* [http://rkward.sourceforge.net/ RKWard] - Frontend for the statistical language R.<br />
<br />
==Data Evaluation==<br />
* [http://www.unipress.waw.pl/fityk/ Fityk] - Non-linear fitting of curves.<br />
* [http://soft.proindependent.com/qtiplot.html QtiPlot] - Similar & semi-compatible with "OriginLab".<br />
* [http://scidavis.sourceforge.net/ SciDavis] - Similar to QtiPlot.<br />
* [http://labplot.sourceforge.net/ LabPlot] - Comparable to "OriginLab".<br />
* [http://root.cern.ch/drupal/ ROOT] - Data analysis program and library (originally for particle physics).<br />
* [http://www.gnuplot.info/ GnuPlot] - Command-line based plotting program.<br />
* [http://plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il/Grace/ XmGrace] - Plotting program with GUI.<br />
* [[Common Applications#Spreadsheets]]<br />
<br />
=Chemistry and Biology=<br />
<br />
==Molecule Viewer==<br />
*[http://avogadro.openmolecules.net/wiki/Main_Page Avogadro] - Edit and view 3D molecule structures (also .pdb) and simulate.<br />
*[http://www.uku.fi/~thassine/projects/ghemical/ Ghemical] - Edit and view 3D molecule structures (also .pdb) and simulate.<br />
*[http://www.rasmol.org/ Rasmol] - View 3D molecule structures.<br />
*[http://pymol.sourceforge.net/ Pymol] - View 3D molecule structures.<br />
<br />
==Molecule Drawing==<br />
*[http://bkchem.zirael.org/ BkChem] - Practical and goodlooking skeletal formula molecule drawing program.<br />
*[http://xdrawchem.sourceforge.net/ XDrawChem] - Extensive skeletal formula molecule drawing program (incl. spectroscopy prediction).<br />
*[http://easychem.sourceforge.net/ EasyChem] - Simple skel]etal formula molecule drawing program.<br />
*[http://ruby.chemie.uni-freiburg.de/~martin/chemtool/ Chemtool] - Skeletal formula molecule drawing program.<br />
<br />
==Periodic Table==<br />
* [http://edu.kde.org/kalzium/ Kalzium] - Periodic table of the elements with molecule editor and equation solver (from KDE project).<br />
* [http://www.kdau.com/projects/gelemental/ GElemental] - Periodic table of the elements and additional information. <br />
<br />
==Biochemistry==<br />
* [http://www.bioclipse.net/ Bioclipse] - Aims to be a complete biochemistry office suite.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Science (English)]]<br />
[[Category:Educational (English)]]<br />
[[Category:Other desktop user's resources (English)]]</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Scientific_Apps&diff=81894
Scientific Apps
2009-11-05T13:43:59Z
<p>Duerrer: Redirected page to Scientific Applications</p>
<hr />
<div>#REDIRECT [[Scientific Applications]]</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=List_of_applications/Science&diff=81834
List of applications/Science
2009-11-04T15:18:56Z
<p>Duerrer: Added Biology and Chemistry Software</p>
<hr />
<div>=Mathematics=<br />
==Calculator==<br />
* [http://speedcrunch.org Speedcrunch] - A feature-rich scientific calculator.<br />
* [http://extcalc-linux.sourceforge.net/ ExtCalc] - A feature-rich scientific calculator.<br />
* [http://kalgebra.berlios.de/ KAlgebra] - calculator and 3D plot.<br />
* [http://qalculate.sourceforge.net/ Qalculate] - calculator that recognises constants and units.<br />
<br />
==Computer Algebra System==<br />
*[http://maxima.sourceforge.net/ Maxima] - "Maple/Mathematica"-like program or its frontend [http://wxmaxima.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page wXMaxima].<br />
*[http://www.sagemath.org/ Sage] - "Maple/Mathematica-like"-like program in python.<br />
<br />
==Scientific or Technical Computing==<br />
*[http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/ Octave] - "Matlab"-like program or its frontend [[QtOctave]].<br />
*[http://freemat.sourceforge.net/ Freemat] - "Matlab"-like program.<br />
*[http://www.scilab.org/ Scilab] - "Matlab"-like program.<br />
<br />
==Statistics==<br />
* [http://www.gnu.org/software/pspp/ PSPP] - Free SPSS implementation (Graphical:PSPPire).<br />
* [http://rkward.sourceforge.net/ RKWard] - Frontend for the statistical language R.<br />
<br />
==Data Evaluation==<br />
* [http://www.unipress.waw.pl/fityk/ Fityk] - Non-linear fitting of curves.<br />
* [http://soft.proindependent.com/qtiplot.html QtiPlot] - Similar & semi-compatible with "OriginLab".<br />
* [http://scidavis.sourceforge.net/ SciDavis] - Similar to QtiPlot.<br />
* [http://labplot.sourceforge.net/ LabPlot] - Comparable to "OriginLab".<br />
* [http://root.cern.ch/drupal/ ROOT] - Data analysis program and library (originally for particle physics).<br />
* [http://www.gnuplot.info/ GnuPlot] - Command-line based plotting program.<br />
* [http://plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il/Grace/ XmGrace] - Plotting program with GUI.<br />
* [[Common Applications#Spreadsheets]]<br />
<br />
=Chemistry and Biology=<br />
<br />
==Molecule Viewer==<br />
*[http://avogadro.openmolecules.net/wiki/Main_Page Avogadro] - Edit and view 3D molecule structures (also .pdb) and simulate.<br />
*[http://www.uku.fi/~thassine/projects/ghemical/ Ghemical] - Edit and view 3D molecule structures (also .pdb) and simulate.<br />
*[http://www.rasmol.org/ Rasmol] - View 3D molecule structures.<br />
*[http://pymol.sourceforge.net/ Pymol] - View 3D molecule structures.<br />
<br />
==Molecule Drawing==<br />
*[http://bkchem.zirael.org/ BkChem] - Practical and goodlooking skeletal formula molecule drawing program.<br />
*[http://xdrawchem.sourceforge.net/ XDrawChem] - Extensive skeletal formula molecule drawing program (incl. spectroscopy prediction).<br />
*[http://easychem.sourceforge.net/ EasyChem] - Simple skel]etal formula molecule drawing program.<br />
*[http://ruby.chemie.uni-freiburg.de/~martin/chemtool/ Chemtool] - Skeletal formula molecule drawing program.<br />
<br />
==Periodic Table==<br />
* [http://edu.kde.org/kalzium/ Kalzium] - Periodic table of the elements with molecule editor and equation solver (from KDE project).<br />
* [http://www.kdau.com/projects/gelemental/ GElemental] - Periodic table of the elements and additional information. <br />
<br />
==Biochemistry==<br />
* [http://www.bioclipse.net/ Bioclipse] - Aims to be a complete biochemistry office suite.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Science (English)]]<br />
[[Category:Educational (English)]]<br />
[[Category:Other desktop user's resources (English)]]</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=List_of_applications/Science&diff=81826
List of applications/Science
2009-11-04T14:45:21Z
<p>Duerrer: /* Data evaluation */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Mathematics=<br />
==Calculator==<br />
* [http://speedcrunch.org Speedcrunch] - A feature-rich scientific calculator.<br />
* [http://extcalc-linux.sourceforge.net/ ExtCalc] - A feature-rich scientific calculator.<br />
* [http://kalgebra.berlios.de/ KAlgebra] - calculator and 3D plot.<br />
* [http://qalculate.sourceforge.net/ Qalculate] - calculator that recognises constants and units.<br />
<br />
==Computer Algebra System==<br />
*[http://maxima.sourceforge.net/ Maxima] - "Maple/Mathematica"-like program or its frontend [http://wxmaxima.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page wXMaxima].<br />
*[http://www.sagemath.org/ Sage] - "Maple/Mathematica-like"-like program in python.<br />
<br />
==Scientific or Technical Computing==<br />
*[http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/ Octave] - "Matlab"-like program or its frontend [[QtOctave]].<br />
*[http://freemat.sourceforge.net/ Freemat] - "Matlab"-like program.<br />
*[http://www.scilab.org/ Scilab] - "Matlab"-like program.<br />
<br />
==Statistics==<br />
* [http://www.gnu.org/software/pspp/ PSPP] - Free SPSS implementation (Graphical:PSPPire).<br />
* [http://rkward.sourceforge.net/ RKWard] - Frontend for the statistical language R.<br />
<br />
==Data evaluation==<br />
* [http://www.unipress.waw.pl/fityk/ Fityk] - Non-linear fitting of curves.<br />
* [http://soft.proindependent.com/qtiplot.html QtiPlot] - Similar & semi-compatible with "OriginLab".<br />
* [http://scidavis.sourceforge.net/ SciDavis] - Similar to QtiPlot.<br />
* [http://labplot.sourceforge.net/ LabPlot] - Comparable to "OriginLab".<br />
* [http://root.cern.ch/drupal/ ROOT] - Data analysis program and library (originally for particle physics).<br />
* [http://www.gnuplot.info/ GnuPlot] - Command-line based plotting program.<br />
* [http://plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il/Grace/ XmGrace] - Plotting program with GUI.<br />
* [[Common Applications#Spreadsheets]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientific (English)]]<br />
[[Category:Educational (English)]]<br />
[[Category:Other desktop user's resources (English)]]</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=List_of_applications/Science&diff=81825
List of applications/Science
2009-11-04T14:42:57Z
<p>Duerrer: </p>
<hr />
<div>=Mathematics=<br />
==Calculator==<br />
* [http://speedcrunch.org Speedcrunch] - A feature-rich scientific calculator.<br />
* [http://extcalc-linux.sourceforge.net/ ExtCalc] - A feature-rich scientific calculator.<br />
* [http://kalgebra.berlios.de/ KAlgebra] - calculator and 3D plot.<br />
* [http://qalculate.sourceforge.net/ Qalculate] - calculator that recognises constants and units.<br />
<br />
==Computer Algebra System==<br />
*[http://maxima.sourceforge.net/ Maxima] - "Maple/Mathematica"-like program or its frontend [http://wxmaxima.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page wXMaxima].<br />
*[http://www.sagemath.org/ Sage] - "Maple/Mathematica-like"-like program in python.<br />
<br />
==Scientific or Technical Computing==<br />
*[http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/ Octave] - "Matlab"-like program or its frontend [[QtOctave]].<br />
*[http://freemat.sourceforge.net/ Freemat] - "Matlab"-like program.<br />
*[http://www.scilab.org/ Scilab] - "Matlab"-like program.<br />
<br />
==Statistics==<br />
* [http://www.gnu.org/software/pspp/ PSPP] - Free SPSS implementation (Graphical:PSPPire).<br />
* [http://rkward.sourceforge.net/ RKWard] - Frontend for the statistical language R.<br />
<br />
==Data evaluation==<br />
* [http://www.unipress.waw.pl/fityk/ Fityk] - Non-linear fitting of curves.<br />
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QtiPlot QtiPlot] - Similar & semi-compatible with "OriginLab".<br />
* [http://scidavis.sourceforge.net/] - Similar to QtiPlot.<br />
* [http://labplot.sourceforge.net/ LabPlot] - Comparable to "OriginLab".<br />
* [http://root.cern.ch/drupal/ ROOT] - Data analysis program and library (originally for particle physics).<br />
* [http://www.gnuplot.info/ GnuPlot] - Command-line based plotting program.<br />
* [http://plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il/Grace/ XmGrace] - Plotting program with GUI.<br />
* [[Common Applications#Spreadsheets]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientific (English)]]<br />
[[Category:Educational (English)]]<br />
[[Category:Other desktop user's resources (English)]]</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=List_of_applications/Science&diff=81820
List of applications/Science
2009-11-04T14:19:24Z
<p>Duerrer: Common applications useable for science</p>
<hr />
<div>=Mathematics=<br />
==Calculator==<br />
* [http://speedcrunch.org Speedcrunch] - A feature-rich scientific calculator.<br />
* [http://extcalc-linux.sourceforge.net/ ExtCalc] - A feature-rich scientific calculator.<br />
* [http://kalgebra.berlios.de/ KAlgebra] - calculator and 3D plot.<br />
* [http://qalculate.sourceforge.net/ Qalculate] - calculator that recognises constants and units.<br />
<br />
==Computer Algebra System==<br />
*[http://maxima.sourceforge.net/ Maxima] - "Maple/Mathematica"-like program or its frontend [http://wxmaxima.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page wXMaxima].<br />
*[http://www.sagemath.org/ Sage] - "Maple/Mathematica-like"-like program in python.<br />
<br />
==Scientific or Technical Computing==<br />
*[http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/ Octave] - "Matlab"-like program or its frontend [[QtOctave]].<br />
*[http://freemat.sourceforge.net/ Freemat] - "Matlab"-like program.<br />
*[http://www.scilab.org/ Scilab] - "Matlab"-like program.<br />
<br />
==Statistics==<br />
* [http://www.gnu.org/software/pspp/ PSPP] - Free SPSS implementation (Graphical:PSPPire).<br />
* [http://rkward.sourceforge.net/ RKWard] - Frontend for the statistical language R.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Scientific (English)]]<br />
[[Category:Educational (English)]]<br />
[[Category:Other desktop user's resources (English)]]</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=List_of_applications&diff=81780
List of applications
2009-11-04T09:39:42Z
<p>Duerrer: /* Image Viewers */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Other desktop user's resources (English)]][[Category:General (English)]]<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|Provides a list of common software that may be useful in day to day computer use, categorized by type.}}<br />
<!--{{Article summary heading|Languages}}--><br />
<!--{{i18n_entry|English|Common Applications}}--><br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary text|[[Lightweight Applications]]}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
== [[Backup_programs|Backup]] ==<br />
* [[dar]] -A full featured command-line backup tool, short for Disk ARchive [http://dar.linux.free.fr/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=1612 Package]<br />
* [[duplicity]] - A utility for encrypted, bandwidth-efficient backups using the rsync algorithm [http://www.nongnu.org/duplicity/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=5881 Package]<br />
* [[packrat]] - A simple, modular backup system that uses dar to take full/incremental backups of files and can store them locally, on a remote system via SSH, or on Amazon S3 [http://www.zeroflux.org/projects/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21951 Package]<br />
* [[rdiff-backup]] - A utility for local/remote mirroring and incremental backups [http://www.nongnu.org/rdiff-backup/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=172 Package]<br />
* [[rsnapshot]] - A remote filesystem snapshot utility [http://www.rsnapshot.org Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3070 Package]<br />
* [[rsync]] - A file transfer program to keep remote files in sync [http://samba.anu.edu.au/rsync/ Home Site] [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/i686/rsync/ Package]<br />
* [[safekeep]] - A client/server backup system which enhances the power of rdiff-backup [http://safekeep.sourceforge.net/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=16463 Package]<br />
<br />
== Internet ==<br />
=== BitTorrent Clients ===<br />
{{Wikipedia|Comparison of BitTorrent clients}}<br />
<br />
* [http://aria2.sourceforge.net/ aria2] - Fast command line downloader with support for multiple protocols, including BitTorrent <br />
* [http://deluge-torrent.org/ Deluge] - BitTorrent client written in Python and wrapped with PyGTK <br />
* [http://ktorrent.org/ Ktorrent] - Feature-rich BitTorrent client developed using Qt <br />
* [http://libtorrent.rakshasa.no/ rTorrent] - Simple and lightweight ncurses BitTorrent client for text-based console. <br />
* [http://www.transmissionbt.com/ Transmission] - Simple and easy BitTorrent client (GTK+ GUI and CLI) <br />
* [http://azureus.sourceforge.net/ Vuze] - Feature-rich BitTorrent client written in Java <br />
* [http://mldonkey.sourceforge.net/Main_Page MLDonkey] - Multi protocol p2p client suporting BitTorrent <br />
<br />
=== Chat Clients ===<br />
==== IRC Clients ====<br />
* [[Konversation]] - IRC client for the KDE4 desktop - http://konversation.kde.org/<br />
* [[KVIrc]] - QT based IRC client - http://www.kvirc.net/<br />
* [[Irssi]] - ncurses IRC client - http://www.irssi.org/<br />
* [[Weechat]] - ncurses IRC client - http://weechat.flashtux.org/<br />
* [[Xchat]] - http://www.xchat.org/<br />
<br />
==== Jabber/XMPP Clients ====<br />
* [[freetalk]] - Freetalk is a CLI Jabber client. Freetalk is extensible, configurable, and scriptable through a Guile interface. <br />
* [[gajim]] - A GTK2 Jabber/XMPP client, light and feature-rich<br />
* [[jabber.el]] - jabber.el is a Jabber client for Emacs.<br />
* [[mcabber]] A curses xmpp client<br />
* [[psi]] - A Qt Jabber/XMPP client<br />
<br />
==== MSN Clients ====<br />
* [[aMsn]] - A tcl/tk MSN Client. http://www.amsn-project.net/<br />
* [[Emesene]] - A GTK2 MSN Client. http://emesene.org/<br />
* [[Galaxium Messenger]] - A Mono MSN Client. http://code.google.com/p/galaxium/<br />
* [[Kmess]] - A KDE MSN Client. http://kmess.org/<br />
* [[Mercury]] - A Java MSN Client. http://www.mercury.im/<br />
<br />
==== Multi-Protocol Clients ====<br />
{{Wikipedia|Comparison of instant messaging clients}}<br />
<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=22543 BarnOwl] - A console chat client for the AIM, IRC, Jabber, and Zephyr protocols http://barnowl.mit.edu/<br />
* [[Carrier/Funpidgin]] - fork of Pidgin with many improvements and more user-oriented developers http://funpidgin.sourceforge.net <br />
* [[CenterIM]] - An ncurses client with support for ICQ, Yahoo!, AIM, MSN, IRC, Jabber, LiveJournal, and Gadu-Gadu<br />
* [[Finch]] - An ncurses version of Pidgin<br />
* [[Kopete]] - A Kde multi-protocol IM client<br />
* [[Pidgin]] - A GTK2 multi-protocol IM client<br />
* [[qutim]] - a Qt multiprotocol client that resembles the look'n'feel of the QIP program. http://qutim.org<br />
<br />
=== Mail Clients ===<br />
* [[Alpine]] The Apache-licensed PINE (a tool for reading, sending, and managing electronic messages) http://www.washington.edu/alpine<br />
* [[Claws-mail]] - A GTK+ based e-mail client http://www.claws-mail.org<br />
* [[Evolution]] - A mature and feature-rich e-mail client used in GNOME by default.<br />
* [[Gnus]] - mail, nntp, rss client for Emacs.<br />
* [[Kmail]] - A mature and feature-rich e-mail client part of the kde project. http://kontact.kde.org/kmail/<br />
* [[mutt]] - The famous, mature old command-line client http://www.mutt.org/<br />
* [[Sup]] - A CLI mail client with very fast searching, tagging, threading and gmail like operation. http://sup.rubyforge.org/<br />
* [[Sylpheed]] - Lightweight and user-friendly e-mail client http://sylpheed.sraoss.jp/en/<br />
* [[Thunderbird]] - Mozilla's GTK2-based client.<br />
<br />
=== News Aggregators ===<br />
* [[Akregator]] - KDE's news aggregator (in kdepim package)<br />
* [[Canto]] - A ncurses RSS aggregator http://codezen.org/canto/<br />
* [[Gnus]] - mail, nntp, rss client for Emacs.<br />
* [[Liferea]] - A GTK desktop news aggregator for online news feeds and weblogs http://liferea.sourceforge.net<br />
* [http://www.newsbeuter.org Newsbeuter] - A ncurses RSS aggregator with layout and keybinding similar to mutt. Does not use the traditional 3 panes setup.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=11369 Rawdog] - An "RSS Aggregator Without Delusions Of Grandeur" that parses RSS/CDF/Atom feeds into a static HTML page of articles in date order http://offog.org/code/rawdog.html<br />
* [http://boreal.rssowl.org/ Rssowl] - A powerful java-based RSS reader<br />
* [[Snownews]] - Text mode RSS newsreader.<br />
* [[Thunderbird]] - A mail client from Mozilla which also functions as a pretty nice news aggregator<br />
<br />
=== Web Browsers ===<br />
==== Graphical ====<br />
* [[Arora]] - Cross-platform open source web browser using the [http://webkit.org/ WebKit] rendering engine, built on top of Qt. http://www.arora-browser.org/<br />
* [[Dillo]] - A small, fast graphical web browser built on FLTK http://www.dillo.org/<br />
* [[Epiphany]] - A GNOME reworking of Firefox, really. http://projects.gnome.org/epiphany/<br />
* [[Firefox]] - [https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/ Extensible] GTK2 browser based on Gecko with fast rendering. http://www.mozilla.com/firefox/<br />
* [[Kazehakase]] - A much lighter, but rather feature-lacking alternative to other browsers (GTK2 and Gecko). http://kazehakase.sourceforge.jp/<br />
* [[Konqueror]] - Qt- and KHTML-based browser. A part of the KDE desktop. http://www.konqueror.org/<br />
* [[Midori]] - Young but promising GTK2/WebKit browser, featherweight with very fast rendering http://www.twotoasts.de/index.php?/pages/midori_summary.html<br />
* [[Opera]] - Highly customizable browser with focuses on usability and an adherence to web rendering standards http://www.opera.com/<br />
* [[uzbl]] - A lightweight webkit browser following the UNIX philosophy - to do one thing and do it well. http://www.uzbl.org/<br />
<br />
==== Text Based ====<br />
* [[Elinks]] - An advanced and well-established feature-rich text mode web browser. http://elinks.or.cz<br />
* [[links-g]] A text WWW browser, similar to Lynx, with framebuffer and X graphics enabled http://links.twibright.com/<br />
* [[Lynx]] A text browser for the World Wide Web http://lynx.isc.org<br />
* [[w3m]] A pager/text-based WWW browser http://w3m.sourceforge.net/<br />
<br />
== Document Indexers ==<br />
* [[pinot]] - Personal search and metasearch tool http://pinot.berlios.de/<br />
* [[recoll]] - Full text search tool based on Xapian backend http://www.lesbonscomptes.com/recoll/<br />
<br />
== Document Readers ==<br />
*[[ePDFView ]] - A free lightweight PDF document viewer using Poppler and GTK+ libraries. http://trac.emma-soft.com/epdfview/<br />
*[[Evince]] - Document viewer for multiple document formats. Supports pdf, postscript, djvu, tiff and dvi http://projects.gnome.org/evince/<br />
*[http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=23344 Foxit Reader] - A small, fast PDF viewer http://www.foxitsoftware.com/pdf/desklinux/<br />
*[[Okular]] - PDF viewer for KDE. http://okular.kde.org/<br />
*[[xpdf]] - A viewer for Portable Document Format (PDF) files http://www.foolabs.com/xpdf/<br />
<br />
== Multimedia ==<br />
=== Audio ===<br />
* [[Amarok]] - A mature Qt-based player known for its plethora of features<br />
* [[Ario]] - A GTK client for MPD (Music player daemon) inspired by Rhythmbox but much lighter and faster<br />
* [[aTunes]] - An audio-player written in Java<br />
* [[Audacious]] - A Winamp clone like Beep and old XMMS versions<br />
* [[Banshee]] - yet another GTK iTunes clone, yet more feature-rich and more actively developed.<br />
* [[Cmus]] is a very feature-rich ncurses-based music player.<br />
* [[Cplay]] is a curses front-end for various audio players.<br />
* [[Exaile]] - A GTK clone of Amarok<br />
* [[Goggles Music Manager]] - A lightweight music manager and player that automatically categorizes your music files.<br />
* [[Moc]] - A ncurses-based daemon/client style player, designed to be flexible and easy to use. http://moc.daper.net/<br />
* [[MPD]] - Music player daemon, a lightweight and scalable choice for music management<br />
* [[mpg123]] - command line audio player.<br />
* [[ncmpc]] - An ncurses-based front-end to mpd<br />
* [[ncmpcpp]] - A clone of ncmpc with some new features written in C++ http://unkart.ovh.org/ncmpcpp/ (in [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?K=ncmpcpp&start=0&PP=100 AUR])<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21461 PyTone] - An advanced music jukebox with a console interface http://www.luga.de/pytone/<br />
* [[Quod Libet]] - an audio player written with pygtk and gstreamer<br />
* [[Rhythmbox]] - A GTK clone of iTunes, used by default in GNOME<br />
* [[Sonata]] - A Python-based front-end to mpd<br />
* [[Songbird]] - an open source clone of iTunes that uses Mozilla technologies as well as Gstreamer and is being developed by the team that made WinAMP http://getsongbird.com/<br />
* [[XMMS]] - A skinnable GTK+1 standalone media player similar to winamp<br />
<br />
==== Visualization ====<br />
* [[projectM]] - OpenGL music visualizer for 3D accelerated graphic cards http://projectm.sourceforge.net/<br />
<br />
==== Editing ====<br />
* [[Audacity]] - A sound recorder and editor<br />
<br />
=== Graphics and Image Manipulation ===<br />
* [[Blender]] - A fully integrated 3D graphics creation suite http://blender3d.org<br />
* [[Dia]] - DIAgram editor http://www.gnome.org/projects/dia<br />
* [[Gimp]] - GNU Image Manipulation Program http://www.gimp.org<br />
* [[imagemagick]] - An image viewing/manipulation program http://www.imagemagick.org/<br />
* [[Inkscape]] - A vector-based drawing program - svg compliant http://inkscape.sourceforge.net<br />
* [[mtpaint]] - A simple GTK2 painting program designed for creating icons and pixel based artwork. http://mtpaint.sourceforge.net<br />
* [[Xara]] - An advanced vector graphics program, development release http://www.xaraxtreme.org<br />
<br />
=== Image Viewers ===<br />
* [http://s01.de/~gottox/index.cgi/proj_bgs bgs] - Back Ground Setter (bgs) is a lightweight background setter. <br />
* [http://projects.gnome.org/eog/ eog] - "Eye of Gnome" image viewer of GNOME.<br />
* [[feh]] - Command-line based, can be used for slideshows, quick viewing, and setting wallpaper.<br />
* [http://lxde.sourceforge.net/gpicview/ GPicView] is a simple and fast image viewer for X. Made by the developers of [[LXDE]].<br />
* [http://geeqie.sourceforge.net/ Geeqie] is a lightweight image browser and viewer (fork of GQview), with additional functionality like RAW files view.<br />
* [http://gqview.sourceforge.net/ GQview] is an image browser that features single click access to view images and move around the directory tree.<br />
* [http://gthumb.sourceforge.net/ gThumb] - Image browser and viewer for the GNOME Desktop.<br />
* [http://mirageiv.berlios.de Mirage] is a fast and simple GTK+ image viewer.<br />
* [http://spiegl.de/qiv/ QIV] (Quick Image Viewer) is a very small and fast GDK/Imlib image viewer.<br />
* [http://goodies.xfce.org/projects/applications/ristretto Ristretto] is a fast and lightweight picture-viewer for the Xfce desktop environment.<br />
* [[XnView MP]] - Extensible port of the complete and customizeable XnView. Currently under development http://newsgroup.xnview.com/viewforum.php?f=60.<br />
*[http://www.trilon.com/xv/ xv] - xv is a nice image viewer [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=9015 Package].<br />
<br />
=== Phone ===<br />
* [[moto4lin]] - Motorola P2K telephone manager built on Qt3 http://moto4lin.sourceforge.net/<br />
<br />
=== Video ===<br />
* [[kaffeine]] - KDE based frontend for [[xine]]<br />
* [[mplayer]] - A "Swiss army knife" of sorts for media playing on Linux<br />
* [[VLC]] - A simple multi-platform media player, streamer, and encoder, that handles huge numbers of media formats.<br />
* [[SMPlayer]] is a complete frontend for [[MPlayer]].<br />
* [[Whaaw! Media Player]] is a lightweight Gstreamer-based audio/video player that can serve as a good alternative to Totem for those who don't like all those GNOME dependencies. http://home.gna.org/whaawmp/<br />
<br />
== Note Taking Organizers ==<br />
* [[hnb]] - A program to organize many kinds of data in one place. [http://hnb.sourceforge.net/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=16630 Package]<br />
* [[NoteCase]] - A portable hierarchical note manager, coded in C++ using the GTK+ toolkit [http://notecase.sourceforge.net Home Site]<br />
* [[Task]] - A command-line TODO list manager [http://www.beckingham.net/task.html Home Site]<br />
* [[tomboy]] - Desktop note-taking application for Linux and Unix [http://www.gnome.org/projects/tomboy/ Home Site]<br />
* [[zim]] - A WYSIWYG text editor that aims at bringing the concept of a wiki to the desktop [http://zim-wiki.org/ Home Site]<br />
* [[Gnote]] - Gnote is an experimental port of Tomboy to C++ [http://live.gnome.org/Gnote Home Site]<br />
<br />
== Office ==<br />
=== Suites ===<br />
* [[Koffice]] - KOffice is a free, integrated office suite for KDE, the K Desktop Environment. http://www.koffice.org/<br />
* [[OpenOffice.org]] - An office suite http://www.OpenOffice.org/<br />
<br />
=== Word Processors ===<br />
* [[Abiword]] - A lightweight fast word processor http://www.abisource.com/<br />
* [[OpenOffice.org Writer]] - A full-featured word processor included in the OpenOffice.org suite<br />
<br />
== Spreadsheets ==<br />
* [[gnumeric]] - A GNOME Spreadsheet Program http://www.gnome.org/projects/gnumeric<br />
* [[OpenOffice.org Calc]] - A full-featured spreadsheet included in OpenOffice.org suite<br />
<br />
== Security ==<br />
* [[arpwatch]] - arpwatch and arpsnmp network monitoring tools ftp://ftp.ee.lbl.gov/<br />
* [[DenyHosts]] - a script to help thwart ssh server attacks http://denyhosts.sourceforge.net/<br />
* [[etherape]] - A graphical network monitor for various OSI layers and protocols http://etherape.sourceforge.net/<br />
* [[iptraf]] - An IP network monitor http://iptraf.seul.org/<br />
* [[logwatch]] - Logwatch is a customizable log analysis system http://www.logwatch.org/<br />
* [[nessus]] - Vulnerability scanner http://www.nessus.org<br />
* [[nmap]] - A command line network exploration tool and security/port scanner http://nmap.org<br />
* [[ntop]] - A network traffic probe based on libcap http://ntop.org<br />
* [[portbunny]] - Extremly fast CLI portscanner http://www.recurity-labs.com/portbunny/index.shtml<br />
* [[snort]] - A lightweight network intrusion detection system http://www.snort.org<br />
* [[swatch]] - The active log file monitoring tool http://swatch.sourceforge.net/<br />
* [[tcpdump]] - A tool for network monitoring and data acquisition http://www.tcpdump.org<br />
* [[wireshark]] - A free network protocol analyzer for Unix/Linux and Windows http://www.wireshark.org/<br />
<br />
== Time Management ==<br />
* [[Calcurse]] - An ncurses calendar and task manager [http://culot.org/calcurse/ Home Site]<br />
* [[Orage]] - A GTK+ calendar and task manager often seen integrated with Xfce [http://www.xfce.org/projects/orage/ Home Site]<br />
* [[Osmo]] - A GTK+ personal organizer, which includes calendar, tasks manager and address book modules. [http://clayo.org/osmo/ Home Site]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21675 Rachota] - A portable time tracker for personal projects [http://rachota.sourceforge.net/en/ Home Site]<br />
* [[Remind]] - A sophisticated calendar and alarm progam [http://www.roaringpenguin.com/penguin/open_source_remind.php Home Site]<br />
* [[Sunbird]] - The standalone Mozilla calendar application [http://www.mozilla.org/projects/calendar/sunbird/ Home Site]<br />
* [[taskcoach]] - A simple open source todo manager to manage personal tasks and todo lists [http://taskcoach.sourceforge.net/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=6005 Package]<br />
* [[When]] - A simple command line personal calendar program [http://www.lightandmatter.com/when/when.html Home Site]<br />
* [[Wyrd]] - A text-based front-end to Remind. [http://pessimization.com/software/wyrd/ Home Site]<br />
<br />
== Utilities ==<br />
=== Arch Package Management ===<br />
See also [[Comparison of AUR frontends]]. <br />
* [[Aurnotify]] - Displays the latest updated packages from Arch Linux User Repository. http://adesklets.sourceforge.net/desklets.html<br />
* [http://husio.homelinux.com/static/aurshell/ Aurshell] - A program wherein a number of commands exist, such as '''aur search <query>'''<br />
* [http://ghost1227.com/makeaur Makeaur] - A simple shell script designed to expedite the AUR installation process <br />
* [http://xyne.archlinux.ca/info/powerpill Powerpill] - A wrapper and download accelerator for Pacman that works with other wrappers<br />
* [[TuPac]] - A cached pacman implementation that boosts some pacman operations: faster searches, AND searches, aur support, colored output, system sanity check, frontend friendly and more...<br />
* [[Yaourt]] - Usage identical to Pacman, with support for core, extra, community, and unsupported repositories<br />
<br />
=== CD/DVD Burning Tools===<br />
* [[bashburn]] - A lightweight terminal based menu frontend for CD/DVD burning tools.<br />
* [[brasero]] - An application to burn CDs/DVDs for the Gnome Desktop.<br />
* [[gnomebaker]] - A GTK based CD/DVD burning application.<br />
* [[graveman]] - A GTK based CD/DVD burning application.<br />
* [[k3b]] - A feature-rich and easy to handle CD burning application for KDE.<br />
* [[nerolinux]] - A commercial CD/DVD burning tool (requires a valid key).<br />
* [[xcdroast]] - A lightweight CD/DVD burning tool.<br />
* [[xfburn]] - Xfburn is a simple CD/DVD burning tool based on libburnia libraries (xfce).<br />
<br />
===Clipboard Managers===<br />
* [[Parcellite]] - a lightweight yet feature-rich clipboard manager.<br />
* [[Glipper]] - Glipper is a clipboardmanager for GNOME with more features and plugin support [http://glipper.sourceforge.net/ Home Site]<br />
<br />
=== Compression Tools ===<br />
* [[File Roller]] The default archive manager for GNOME.<br />
* [[p7zip]] - A command line port of 7-Zip for POSIX systems, including Linux. http://p7zip.sourceforge.net/ http://www.7-zip.org/<br />
* [[pbzip2]] - A threaded version of the bzip2 utility, can automatically scale up to as many cores as it finds in the system.<br />
* [[Squeeze]] - A featherweight front-end for command line archiving tools. Passworded archives are currently unsupported. http://squeeze.xfce.org/<br />
* [[XArchive]] - A GTK+ front-end for command line archiving tools.<br />
* [[Xarchiver]] - A lightweight, desktop independent front-end for command line archiving tools built with GTK2. http://xarchiver.xfce.org/<br />
<br />
=== File Managers ===<br />
* [[emelFM2]] - File manager that implements a three-pane design - http://emelfm2.net<br />
* [[Dolphin]] - Default file manager for KDE 4 - http://dolphin.kde.org/<br />
* [[Konqueror]] - Default file manager for KDE 2 and KDE 3 - http://www.konqueror.org/<br />
* [[Krusader]] - Advanced twin panel (commander style) file manager for KDE - http://www.krusader.org/<br />
* [[Midnight Commander]] - Terminal filemanager/shell that emulates Norton Commander - http://www.midnight-commander.org/<br />
* [[Nautilus]] - Extensible, heavyweight file manager used by default in GNOME with support for custom scripts - http://projects.gnome.org/nautilus/<br />
* [[PCManFM | PCMan File Manager]] - Part of the standard [[LXDE]] DE, a small and efficient graphical file manager - http://pcmanfm.sourceforge.net/<br />
* [[ROX-Filer]] - Small and fast file manager which can optionally manage desktop backgrounds and panels - http://roscidus.com/desktop/ROX-Filer<br />
* [[Thunar]] - [http://goodies.xfce.org/projects/thunar-plugins/start Extensible], medium weight file manager used by default in Xfce with support for plugins - http://thunar.xfce.org/<br />
* [[Vifm]] - Ncurses based file manager with vi-like keybindings - http://vifm.sourceforge.net/<br />
* [[Xfe]] - Small and very fast Commander like file manager - http://roland65.free.fr/xfe/<br />
<br />
=== Panels ===<br />
* [[fbpanel]] Lightweight, NETWM compliant desktop panel. [http://fbpanel.sourceforge.net/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=5255 Package]<br />
* [[LXPanel]] Lightweight X11 desktop panel and part of the LXDE DE. [http://lxde.org/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=17813 Package]<br />
* [[PyPanel]] Lightweight panel/taskbar written in Python and C. [http://pypanel.sourceforge.net/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=9118 Package]<br />
* [[Tint]] Simple panel/taskbar developed specifically for Openbox. [http://code.google.com/p/tint2/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=17082 Package]<br />
* [[BMPanel]] Lightweight, NETWM compliant desktop panel. [http://nsf.110mb.com/bmpanel/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=15165 Package]<br />
* [[Xfce4panel]] Default [[Xfce]] panel [http://www.xfce.org/projects/xfce4-panel/ Home Site]<br />
<br />
=== System Monitoring ===<br />
*[[adesklet-systemmonitor]] - Modular stackable system monitors for adesklets http://adesklets.sourceforge.net/desklets.html<br />
*[[conky]] - advanced, highly configurable system monitor for X based on torsmo http://conky.sourceforge.net/<br />
*[[gkrellm]] - Simple, flexible system monitor package for GTK2; many plug-ins are available on AUR. http://members.dslextreme.com/users/billw/gkrellm/gkrellm.html<br />
<br />
=== Terminals ===<br />
* [[Aterm]] - An xterm replacement with transparency support http://aterm.sourceforge.net/ <br />
* [[Gnome-Terminal]] - GNOME default (standalone) terminal with support for Unicode and pseudo-transparency<br />
* [[Konsole]] - KDE's default terminal<br />
* [[lxterminal]] - VTE-based terminal emulator and c part of the LXDE DE. http://lxde.org/<br />
* [[Lilyterm]] — Lightweight and plain terminal emulator<br />
* [[mrxvt]] - Tabbed X terminal emulator based on rxvt code http://materm.sourceforge.net/index.html<br />
* [[roxterm]] - Tabbed, VTE-based terminal emulator http://roxterm.sourceforge.net/<br />
* [[rxvt-unicode]] (or urxvt) - A small, fast and customizable terminal which uses ~/.Xdefaults http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/rxvt-unicode.html<br />
* [[sakura]] - terminal emulator based on GTK and VTE. http://www.pleyades.net/david/sakura.php<br />
* [[terminator]] - A terminal emulator supporting multiple resizable terminal panes<br />
* [[xterm]] - The default of defaults, requires only X<br />
* [[Terminal]] - Xfce default terminal with support for a colorized prompt and a tabbed interface http://www.xfce.org/projects/terminal/<br />
<br />
=== Text Editors ===<br />
* [[Beaver]] - Early AdVanced EditoR.<br />
* [[Bluefish]] - GTK editor/IDE with an MDI interface, syntax highlighting and support for Python plugins http://bluefish.openoffice.nl/<br />
* [[Cssed]] - GTK2 based Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) editor http://cssed.sourceforge.net/<br />
* [[Emacs]] - The somewhat intimidating but famously extensible text editor with hundreds of tricks and add-ons <br />
* [[Geany]] is a text editor using the GTK2 toolkit with basic features of an integrated development environment.<br />
* [[Gedit]] - Part of the GNOME desktop, but has minimal dependencies: a GTK2 editor with syntax highlighting, automatic indentation, matching brackets, etc., and a number of add-ons to increase functionality<br />
* [[Kate]] (a part of the KDE desktop)<br />
* [[KWrite]] (a part of the KDE desktop)<br />
* [[LeafPad]] - GTK+ based simple text editor http://tarot.freeshell.org/leafpad/<br />
* [[medit]] is intended to be a useful programming and around-programming text editor.<br />
* [[Mousepad]] - Lightweight text editor with support for word wrapping, line numbering and printing http://www.xfce.org/projects/mousepad/<br />
* [[Nano]] - A console based editor, similar to vim with a more intuitive interface, a good choice for newbies and casual users.<br />
* [[Scite]] - A generally useful editor with facilities for building and running programs http://www.scintilla.org/SciTE.html<br />
* [[Vim]] - "Vi improved," its many shortcuts and utilities may take a while to master but are a huge asset to programmers<br />
<br />
=== Trays ===<br />
* [[Docker]] is a docking application which acts as a system tray.<br />
* [[Stalonetray]] is a stand-alone system tray.<br />
* [[Trayer]] swallows GTK 1.2/2.x application docklets, and KDE docklets.<br />
<br />
== Desktop Environments (DE) ==<br />
* [[GNOME]] - Heavyweight DE that focuses on usability by offering simple controls and options http://www.gnome.org/<br />
* [[KDE]] - Heavyweight DE that focuses on customizeable options and integrated applications http://www.kde.org/<br />
* [[LXDE]] - Fully modular, lightweight DE based on Openbox offered with a suite of lightweight tools http://www.lxde.org/<br />
* [[ROX Desktop]] - Lightweight DE with excellent drag-and-drop support http://roscidus.com/desktop/<br />
* [[Xfce]] - Partially modular, medium weight DE which attempts to emulate the usability of GNOME http://www.xfce.org/<br />
<br />
== Window Managers (WM) ==<br />
=== Stacking Window Managers ===<br />
* [[Compiz]] - Compositing WM, similar to GNOME's Metacity http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/Compiz<br />
* [[Enlightenment]] - WM which attempts to provide minimal DE features with a native image viewer and file manager, amongst others http://www.enlightenment.org/<br />
* [[Fluxbox]] - Lightweight, easily configurable WM with support for panels and a tabbed interface http://www.fluxbox.org<br />
* [[JWM]] - Simple, stable and featherweight WM with native support for panels and buttons. XML-based configuration http://joewing.net/programs/jwm/<br />
* [[Openbox]] - Lightweight WM with numerous customization options and a mature code base. XML-based configuration http://icculus.org/openbox<br />
* [[pekwm]] - Lightweight, themeable WM configured with an intuitive Perl-like syntax http://pekwm.org/projects/pekwm<br />
* [[Sawfish]] - Medium weight WM, formerly the default WM in GNOME (subsequently substituted by Metacity) http://sawfish.wikia.com<br />
* [[Twm]] - Classic, customizable and very lightweight window manager; possibly the first designed for X11.<br />
* [[Xfwm4]] - Middleweight Compositing WM, [[Xfce]] default WM http://www.xfce.org/documentation/4.2/manuals/xfwm4<br />
<br />
=== Tiling Window Managers ===<br />
Window managers that tile work by partitioning off areas of the screen and are designed to maximize the usage of the screen without forcing the user to muck around with window positions and frames. See also [[Comparison of Tiling Window Managers]].<br />
* [[awesome]]<br />
* [[dwm]]<br />
* [[Ion3]]<br />
* [[ratpoison]]<br />
* [[scrotwm]]<br />
* [[Stumpwm]]<br />
* [[wmii]]<br />
* [[Xmonad]]<br />
* [[Musca]]</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=List_of_applications&diff=81779
List of applications
2009-11-04T09:33:48Z
<p>Duerrer: /* Image Viewers */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Other desktop user's resources (English)]][[Category:General (English)]]<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|Provides a list of common software that may be useful in day to day computer use, categorized by type.}}<br />
<!--{{Article summary heading|Languages}}--><br />
<!--{{i18n_entry|English|Common Applications}}--><br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary text|[[Lightweight Applications]]}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
== [[Backup_programs|Backup]] ==<br />
* [[dar]] -A full featured command-line backup tool, short for Disk ARchive [http://dar.linux.free.fr/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=1612 Package]<br />
* [[duplicity]] - A utility for encrypted, bandwidth-efficient backups using the rsync algorithm [http://www.nongnu.org/duplicity/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=5881 Package]<br />
* [[packrat]] - A simple, modular backup system that uses dar to take full/incremental backups of files and can store them locally, on a remote system via SSH, or on Amazon S3 [http://www.zeroflux.org/projects/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21951 Package]<br />
* [[rdiff-backup]] - A utility for local/remote mirroring and incremental backups [http://www.nongnu.org/rdiff-backup/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=172 Package]<br />
* [[rsnapshot]] - A remote filesystem snapshot utility [http://www.rsnapshot.org Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3070 Package]<br />
* [[rsync]] - A file transfer program to keep remote files in sync [http://samba.anu.edu.au/rsync/ Home Site] [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/i686/rsync/ Package]<br />
* [[safekeep]] - A client/server backup system which enhances the power of rdiff-backup [http://safekeep.sourceforge.net/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=16463 Package]<br />
<br />
== Internet ==<br />
=== BitTorrent Clients ===<br />
{{Wikipedia|Comparison of BitTorrent clients}}<br />
<br />
* [http://aria2.sourceforge.net/ aria2] - Fast command line downloader with support for multiple protocols, including BitTorrent <br />
* [http://deluge-torrent.org/ Deluge] - BitTorrent client written in Python and wrapped with PyGTK <br />
* [http://ktorrent.org/ Ktorrent] - Feature-rich BitTorrent client developed using Qt <br />
* [http://libtorrent.rakshasa.no/ rTorrent] - Simple and lightweight ncurses BitTorrent client for text-based console. <br />
* [http://www.transmissionbt.com/ Transmission] - Simple and easy BitTorrent client (GTK+ GUI and CLI) <br />
* [http://azureus.sourceforge.net/ Vuze] - Feature-rich BitTorrent client written in Java <br />
* [http://mldonkey.sourceforge.net/Main_Page MLDonkey] - Multi protocol p2p client suporting BitTorrent <br />
<br />
=== Chat Clients ===<br />
==== IRC Clients ====<br />
* [[Konversation]] - IRC client for the KDE4 desktop - http://konversation.kde.org/<br />
* [[KVIrc]] - QT based IRC client - http://www.kvirc.net/<br />
* [[Irssi]] - ncurses IRC client - http://www.irssi.org/<br />
* [[Weechat]] - ncurses IRC client - http://weechat.flashtux.org/<br />
* [[Xchat]] - http://www.xchat.org/<br />
<br />
==== Jabber/XMPP Clients ====<br />
* [[freetalk]] - Freetalk is a CLI Jabber client. Freetalk is extensible, configurable, and scriptable through a Guile interface. <br />
* [[gajim]] - A GTK2 Jabber/XMPP client, light and feature-rich<br />
* [[jabber.el]] - jabber.el is a Jabber client for Emacs.<br />
* [[mcabber]] A curses xmpp client<br />
* [[psi]] - A Qt Jabber/XMPP client<br />
<br />
==== MSN Clients ====<br />
* [[aMsn]] - A tcl/tk MSN Client. http://www.amsn-project.net/<br />
* [[Emesene]] - A GTK2 MSN Client. http://emesene.org/<br />
* [[Galaxium Messenger]] - A Mono MSN Client. http://code.google.com/p/galaxium/<br />
* [[Kmess]] - A KDE MSN Client. http://kmess.org/<br />
* [[Mercury]] - A Java MSN Client. http://www.mercury.im/<br />
<br />
==== Multi-Protocol Clients ====<br />
{{Wikipedia|Comparison of instant messaging clients}}<br />
<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=22543 BarnOwl] - A console chat client for the AIM, IRC, Jabber, and Zephyr protocols http://barnowl.mit.edu/<br />
* [[Carrier/Funpidgin]] - fork of Pidgin with many improvements and more user-oriented developers http://funpidgin.sourceforge.net <br />
* [[CenterIM]] - An ncurses client with support for ICQ, Yahoo!, AIM, MSN, IRC, Jabber, LiveJournal, and Gadu-Gadu<br />
* [[Finch]] - An ncurses version of Pidgin<br />
* [[Kopete]] - A Kde multi-protocol IM client<br />
* [[Pidgin]] - A GTK2 multi-protocol IM client<br />
* [[qutim]] - a Qt multiprotocol client that resembles the look'n'feel of the QIP program. http://qutim.org<br />
<br />
=== Mail Clients ===<br />
* [[Alpine]] The Apache-licensed PINE (a tool for reading, sending, and managing electronic messages) http://www.washington.edu/alpine<br />
* [[Claws-mail]] - A GTK+ based e-mail client http://www.claws-mail.org<br />
* [[Evolution]] - A mature and feature-rich e-mail client used in GNOME by default.<br />
* [[Gnus]] - mail, nntp, rss client for Emacs.<br />
* [[Kmail]] - A mature and feature-rich e-mail client part of the kde project. http://kontact.kde.org/kmail/<br />
* [[mutt]] - The famous, mature old command-line client http://www.mutt.org/<br />
* [[Sup]] - A CLI mail client with very fast searching, tagging, threading and gmail like operation. http://sup.rubyforge.org/<br />
* [[Sylpheed]] - Lightweight and user-friendly e-mail client http://sylpheed.sraoss.jp/en/<br />
* [[Thunderbird]] - Mozilla's GTK2-based client.<br />
<br />
=== News Aggregators ===<br />
* [[Akregator]] - KDE's news aggregator (in kdepim package)<br />
* [[Canto]] - A ncurses RSS aggregator http://codezen.org/canto/<br />
* [[Gnus]] - mail, nntp, rss client for Emacs.<br />
* [[Liferea]] - A GTK desktop news aggregator for online news feeds and weblogs http://liferea.sourceforge.net<br />
* [http://www.newsbeuter.org Newsbeuter] - A ncurses RSS aggregator with layout and keybinding similar to mutt. Does not use the traditional 3 panes setup.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=11369 Rawdog] - An "RSS Aggregator Without Delusions Of Grandeur" that parses RSS/CDF/Atom feeds into a static HTML page of articles in date order http://offog.org/code/rawdog.html<br />
* [http://boreal.rssowl.org/ Rssowl] - A powerful java-based RSS reader<br />
* [[Snownews]] - Text mode RSS newsreader.<br />
* [[Thunderbird]] - A mail client from Mozilla which also functions as a pretty nice news aggregator<br />
<br />
=== Web Browsers ===<br />
==== Graphical ====<br />
* [[Arora]] - Cross-platform open source web browser using the [http://webkit.org/ WebKit] rendering engine, built on top of Qt. http://www.arora-browser.org/<br />
* [[Dillo]] - A small, fast graphical web browser built on FLTK http://www.dillo.org/<br />
* [[Epiphany]] - A GNOME reworking of Firefox, really. http://projects.gnome.org/epiphany/<br />
* [[Firefox]] - [https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/ Extensible] GTK2 browser based on Gecko with fast rendering. http://www.mozilla.com/firefox/<br />
* [[Kazehakase]] - A much lighter, but rather feature-lacking alternative to other browsers (GTK2 and Gecko). http://kazehakase.sourceforge.jp/<br />
* [[Konqueror]] - Qt- and KHTML-based browser. A part of the KDE desktop. http://www.konqueror.org/<br />
* [[Midori]] - Young but promising GTK2/WebKit browser, featherweight with very fast rendering http://www.twotoasts.de/index.php?/pages/midori_summary.html<br />
* [[Opera]] - Highly customizable browser with focuses on usability and an adherence to web rendering standards http://www.opera.com/<br />
* [[uzbl]] - A lightweight webkit browser following the UNIX philosophy - to do one thing and do it well. http://www.uzbl.org/<br />
<br />
==== Text Based ====<br />
* [[Elinks]] - An advanced and well-established feature-rich text mode web browser. http://elinks.or.cz<br />
* [[links-g]] A text WWW browser, similar to Lynx, with framebuffer and X graphics enabled http://links.twibright.com/<br />
* [[Lynx]] A text browser for the World Wide Web http://lynx.isc.org<br />
* [[w3m]] A pager/text-based WWW browser http://w3m.sourceforge.net/<br />
<br />
== Document Indexers ==<br />
* [[pinot]] - Personal search and metasearch tool http://pinot.berlios.de/<br />
* [[recoll]] - Full text search tool based on Xapian backend http://www.lesbonscomptes.com/recoll/<br />
<br />
== Document Readers ==<br />
*[[ePDFView ]] - A free lightweight PDF document viewer using Poppler and GTK+ libraries. http://trac.emma-soft.com/epdfview/<br />
*[[Evince]] - Document viewer for multiple document formats. Supports pdf, postscript, djvu, tiff and dvi http://projects.gnome.org/evince/<br />
*[http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=23344 Foxit Reader] - A small, fast PDF viewer http://www.foxitsoftware.com/pdf/desklinux/<br />
*[[Okular]] - PDF viewer for KDE. http://okular.kde.org/<br />
*[[xpdf]] - A viewer for Portable Document Format (PDF) files http://www.foolabs.com/xpdf/<br />
<br />
== Multimedia ==<br />
=== Audio ===<br />
* [[Amarok]] - A mature Qt-based player known for its plethora of features<br />
* [[Ario]] - A GTK client for MPD (Music player daemon) inspired by Rhythmbox but much lighter and faster<br />
* [[aTunes]] - An audio-player written in Java<br />
* [[Audacious]] - A Winamp clone like Beep and old XMMS versions<br />
* [[Banshee]] - yet another GTK iTunes clone, yet more feature-rich and more actively developed.<br />
* [[Cmus]] is a very feature-rich ncurses-based music player.<br />
* [[Cplay]] is a curses front-end for various audio players.<br />
* [[Exaile]] - A GTK clone of Amarok<br />
* [[Goggles Music Manager]] - A lightweight music manager and player that automatically categorizes your music files.<br />
* [[Moc]] - A ncurses-based daemon/client style player, designed to be flexible and easy to use. http://moc.daper.net/<br />
* [[MPD]] - Music player daemon, a lightweight and scalable choice for music management<br />
* [[mpg123]] - command line audio player.<br />
* [[ncmpc]] - An ncurses-based front-end to mpd<br />
* [[ncmpcpp]] - A clone of ncmpc with some new features written in C++ http://unkart.ovh.org/ncmpcpp/ (in [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?K=ncmpcpp&start=0&PP=100 AUR])<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21461 PyTone] - An advanced music jukebox with a console interface http://www.luga.de/pytone/<br />
* [[Quod Libet]] - an audio player written with pygtk and gstreamer<br />
* [[Rhythmbox]] - A GTK clone of iTunes, used by default in GNOME<br />
* [[Sonata]] - A Python-based front-end to mpd<br />
* [[Songbird]] - an open source clone of iTunes that uses Mozilla technologies as well as Gstreamer and is being developed by the team that made WinAMP http://getsongbird.com/<br />
* [[XMMS]] - A skinnable GTK+1 standalone media player similar to winamp<br />
<br />
==== Visualization ====<br />
* [[projectM]] - OpenGL music visualizer for 3D accelerated graphic cards http://projectm.sourceforge.net/<br />
<br />
==== Editing ====<br />
* [[Audacity]] - A sound recorder and editor<br />
<br />
=== Graphics and Image Manipulation ===<br />
* [[Blender]] - A fully integrated 3D graphics creation suite http://blender3d.org<br />
* [[Dia]] - DIAgram editor http://www.gnome.org/projects/dia<br />
* [[Gimp]] - GNU Image Manipulation Program http://www.gimp.org<br />
* [[imagemagick]] - An image viewing/manipulation program http://www.imagemagick.org/<br />
* [[Inkscape]] - A vector-based drawing program - svg compliant http://inkscape.sourceforge.net<br />
* [[mtpaint]] - A simple GTK2 painting program designed for creating icons and pixel based artwork. http://mtpaint.sourceforge.net<br />
* [[Xara]] - An advanced vector graphics program, development release http://www.xaraxtreme.org<br />
<br />
=== Image Viewers ===<br />
* [http://s01.de/~gottox/index.cgi/proj_bgs bgs] - Back Ground Setter (bgs) is a lightweight background setter. <br />
* [[eog]] - "Eye of Gnome" image viewer<br />
* [[feh]] - Command-line based, can be used for slideshows, quick viewing, and setting wallpaper<br />
* [http://lxde.sourceforge.net/gpicview/ GPicView] is a simple and fast image viewer for X. Made by the developers of [[LXDE]]<br />
* [http://geeqie.sourceforge.net/ Geeqie] is a lightweight image browser and viewer (fork of GQview), with additional functionality like RAW files view.<br />
* [http://gqview.sourceforge.net/ GQview] is an image browser that features single click access to view images and move around the directory tree.<br />
* [[gThumb]] - Image browser and viewer for the GNOME Desktop<br />
* [http://mirageiv.berlios.de Mirage] is a fast and simple GTK+ image viewer.<br />
* [http://spiegl.de/qiv/ QIV] (Quick Image Viewer) is a very small and fast GDK/Imlib image viewer.<br />
* [http://goodies.xfce.org/projects/applications/ristretto Ristretto] is a fast and lightweight picture-viewer for the Xfce desktop environment.<br />
* [[XnView MP]] - Extensible port of the complete and customizeable XnView. Currently under development http://newsgroup.xnview.com/viewforum.php?f=60<br />
*[[xv]] - xv is a nice image viewer [http://www.trilon.com/xv/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=9015 Package]<br />
<br />
=== Phone ===<br />
* [[moto4lin]] - Motorola P2K telephone manager built on Qt3 http://moto4lin.sourceforge.net/<br />
<br />
=== Video ===<br />
* [[kaffeine]] - KDE based frontend for [[xine]]<br />
* [[mplayer]] - A "Swiss army knife" of sorts for media playing on Linux<br />
* [[VLC]] - A simple multi-platform media player, streamer, and encoder, that handles huge numbers of media formats.<br />
* [[SMPlayer]] is a complete frontend for [[MPlayer]].<br />
* [[Whaaw! Media Player]] is a lightweight Gstreamer-based audio/video player that can serve as a good alternative to Totem for those who don't like all those GNOME dependencies. http://home.gna.org/whaawmp/<br />
<br />
== Note Taking Organizers ==<br />
* [[hnb]] - A program to organize many kinds of data in one place. [http://hnb.sourceforge.net/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=16630 Package]<br />
* [[NoteCase]] - A portable hierarchical note manager, coded in C++ using the GTK+ toolkit [http://notecase.sourceforge.net Home Site]<br />
* [[Task]] - A command-line TODO list manager [http://www.beckingham.net/task.html Home Site]<br />
* [[tomboy]] - Desktop note-taking application for Linux and Unix [http://www.gnome.org/projects/tomboy/ Home Site]<br />
* [[zim]] - A WYSIWYG text editor that aims at bringing the concept of a wiki to the desktop [http://zim-wiki.org/ Home Site]<br />
* [[Gnote]] - Gnote is an experimental port of Tomboy to C++ [http://live.gnome.org/Gnote Home Site]<br />
<br />
== Office ==<br />
=== Suites ===<br />
* [[Koffice]] - KOffice is a free, integrated office suite for KDE, the K Desktop Environment. http://www.koffice.org/<br />
* [[OpenOffice.org]] - An office suite http://www.OpenOffice.org/<br />
<br />
=== Word Processors ===<br />
* [[Abiword]] - A lightweight fast word processor http://www.abisource.com/<br />
* [[OpenOffice.org Writer]] - A full-featured word processor included in the OpenOffice.org suite<br />
<br />
== Spreadsheets ==<br />
* [[gnumeric]] - A GNOME Spreadsheet Program http://www.gnome.org/projects/gnumeric<br />
* [[OpenOffice.org Calc]] - A full-featured spreadsheet included in OpenOffice.org suite<br />
<br />
== Security ==<br />
* [[arpwatch]] - arpwatch and arpsnmp network monitoring tools ftp://ftp.ee.lbl.gov/<br />
* [[DenyHosts]] - a script to help thwart ssh server attacks http://denyhosts.sourceforge.net/<br />
* [[etherape]] - A graphical network monitor for various OSI layers and protocols http://etherape.sourceforge.net/<br />
* [[iptraf]] - An IP network monitor http://iptraf.seul.org/<br />
* [[logwatch]] - Logwatch is a customizable log analysis system http://www.logwatch.org/<br />
* [[nessus]] - Vulnerability scanner http://www.nessus.org<br />
* [[nmap]] - A command line network exploration tool and security/port scanner http://nmap.org<br />
* [[ntop]] - A network traffic probe based on libcap http://ntop.org<br />
* [[portbunny]] - Extremly fast CLI portscanner http://www.recurity-labs.com/portbunny/index.shtml<br />
* [[snort]] - A lightweight network intrusion detection system http://www.snort.org<br />
* [[swatch]] - The active log file monitoring tool http://swatch.sourceforge.net/<br />
* [[tcpdump]] - A tool for network monitoring and data acquisition http://www.tcpdump.org<br />
* [[wireshark]] - A free network protocol analyzer for Unix/Linux and Windows http://www.wireshark.org/<br />
<br />
== Time Management ==<br />
* [[Calcurse]] - An ncurses calendar and task manager [http://culot.org/calcurse/ Home Site]<br />
* [[Orage]] - A GTK+ calendar and task manager often seen integrated with Xfce [http://www.xfce.org/projects/orage/ Home Site]<br />
* [[Osmo]] - A GTK+ personal organizer, which includes calendar, tasks manager and address book modules. [http://clayo.org/osmo/ Home Site]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21675 Rachota] - A portable time tracker for personal projects [http://rachota.sourceforge.net/en/ Home Site]<br />
* [[Remind]] - A sophisticated calendar and alarm progam [http://www.roaringpenguin.com/penguin/open_source_remind.php Home Site]<br />
* [[Sunbird]] - The standalone Mozilla calendar application [http://www.mozilla.org/projects/calendar/sunbird/ Home Site]<br />
* [[taskcoach]] - A simple open source todo manager to manage personal tasks and todo lists [http://taskcoach.sourceforge.net/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=6005 Package]<br />
* [[When]] - A simple command line personal calendar program [http://www.lightandmatter.com/when/when.html Home Site]<br />
* [[Wyrd]] - A text-based front-end to Remind. [http://pessimization.com/software/wyrd/ Home Site]<br />
<br />
== Utilities ==<br />
=== Arch Package Management ===<br />
See also [[Comparison of AUR frontends]]. <br />
* [[Aurnotify]] - Displays the latest updated packages from Arch Linux User Repository. http://adesklets.sourceforge.net/desklets.html<br />
* [http://husio.homelinux.com/static/aurshell/ Aurshell] - A program wherein a number of commands exist, such as '''aur search <query>'''<br />
* [http://ghost1227.com/makeaur Makeaur] - A simple shell script designed to expedite the AUR installation process <br />
* [http://xyne.archlinux.ca/info/powerpill Powerpill] - A wrapper and download accelerator for Pacman that works with other wrappers<br />
* [[TuPac]] - A cached pacman implementation that boosts some pacman operations: faster searches, AND searches, aur support, colored output, system sanity check, frontend friendly and more...<br />
* [[Yaourt]] - Usage identical to Pacman, with support for core, extra, community, and unsupported repositories<br />
<br />
=== CD/DVD Burning Tools===<br />
* [[bashburn]] - A lightweight terminal based menu frontend for CD/DVD burning tools.<br />
* [[brasero]] - An application to burn CDs/DVDs for the Gnome Desktop.<br />
* [[gnomebaker]] - A GTK based CD/DVD burning application.<br />
* [[graveman]] - A GTK based CD/DVD burning application.<br />
* [[k3b]] - A feature-rich and easy to handle CD burning application for KDE.<br />
* [[nerolinux]] - A commercial CD/DVD burning tool (requires a valid key).<br />
* [[xcdroast]] - A lightweight CD/DVD burning tool.<br />
* [[xfburn]] - Xfburn is a simple CD/DVD burning tool based on libburnia libraries (xfce).<br />
<br />
===Clipboard Managers===<br />
* [[Parcellite]] - a lightweight yet feature-rich clipboard manager.<br />
* [[Glipper]] - Glipper is a clipboardmanager for GNOME with more features and plugin support [http://glipper.sourceforge.net/ Home Site]<br />
<br />
=== Compression Tools ===<br />
* [[File Roller]] The default archive manager for GNOME.<br />
* [[p7zip]] - A command line port of 7-Zip for POSIX systems, including Linux. http://p7zip.sourceforge.net/ http://www.7-zip.org/<br />
* [[pbzip2]] - A threaded version of the bzip2 utility, can automatically scale up to as many cores as it finds in the system.<br />
* [[Squeeze]] - A featherweight front-end for command line archiving tools. Passworded archives are currently unsupported. http://squeeze.xfce.org/<br />
* [[XArchive]] - A GTK+ front-end for command line archiving tools.<br />
* [[Xarchiver]] - A lightweight, desktop independent front-end for command line archiving tools built with GTK2. http://xarchiver.xfce.org/<br />
<br />
=== File Managers ===<br />
* [[emelFM2]] - File manager that implements a three-pane design - http://emelfm2.net<br />
* [[Dolphin]] - Default file manager for KDE 4 - http://dolphin.kde.org/<br />
* [[Konqueror]] - Default file manager for KDE 2 and KDE 3 - http://www.konqueror.org/<br />
* [[Krusader]] - Advanced twin panel (commander style) file manager for KDE - http://www.krusader.org/<br />
* [[Midnight Commander]] - Terminal filemanager/shell that emulates Norton Commander - http://www.midnight-commander.org/<br />
* [[Nautilus]] - Extensible, heavyweight file manager used by default in GNOME with support for custom scripts - http://projects.gnome.org/nautilus/<br />
* [[PCManFM | PCMan File Manager]] - Part of the standard [[LXDE]] DE, a small and efficient graphical file manager - http://pcmanfm.sourceforge.net/<br />
* [[ROX-Filer]] - Small and fast file manager which can optionally manage desktop backgrounds and panels - http://roscidus.com/desktop/ROX-Filer<br />
* [[Thunar]] - [http://goodies.xfce.org/projects/thunar-plugins/start Extensible], medium weight file manager used by default in Xfce with support for plugins - http://thunar.xfce.org/<br />
* [[Vifm]] - Ncurses based file manager with vi-like keybindings - http://vifm.sourceforge.net/<br />
* [[Xfe]] - Small and very fast Commander like file manager - http://roland65.free.fr/xfe/<br />
<br />
=== Panels ===<br />
* [[fbpanel]] Lightweight, NETWM compliant desktop panel. [http://fbpanel.sourceforge.net/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=5255 Package]<br />
* [[LXPanel]] Lightweight X11 desktop panel and part of the LXDE DE. [http://lxde.org/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=17813 Package]<br />
* [[PyPanel]] Lightweight panel/taskbar written in Python and C. [http://pypanel.sourceforge.net/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=9118 Package]<br />
* [[Tint]] Simple panel/taskbar developed specifically for Openbox. [http://code.google.com/p/tint2/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=17082 Package]<br />
* [[BMPanel]] Lightweight, NETWM compliant desktop panel. [http://nsf.110mb.com/bmpanel/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=15165 Package]<br />
* [[Xfce4panel]] Default [[Xfce]] panel [http://www.xfce.org/projects/xfce4-panel/ Home Site]<br />
<br />
=== System Monitoring ===<br />
*[[adesklet-systemmonitor]] - Modular stackable system monitors for adesklets http://adesklets.sourceforge.net/desklets.html<br />
*[[conky]] - advanced, highly configurable system monitor for X based on torsmo http://conky.sourceforge.net/<br />
*[[gkrellm]] - Simple, flexible system monitor package for GTK2; many plug-ins are available on AUR. http://members.dslextreme.com/users/billw/gkrellm/gkrellm.html<br />
<br />
=== Terminals ===<br />
* [[Aterm]] - An xterm replacement with transparency support http://aterm.sourceforge.net/ <br />
* [[Gnome-Terminal]] - GNOME default (standalone) terminal with support for Unicode and pseudo-transparency<br />
* [[Konsole]] - KDE's default terminal<br />
* [[lxterminal]] - VTE-based terminal emulator and c part of the LXDE DE. http://lxde.org/<br />
* [[Lilyterm]] — Lightweight and plain terminal emulator<br />
* [[mrxvt]] - Tabbed X terminal emulator based on rxvt code http://materm.sourceforge.net/index.html<br />
* [[roxterm]] - Tabbed, VTE-based terminal emulator http://roxterm.sourceforge.net/<br />
* [[rxvt-unicode]] (or urxvt) - A small, fast and customizable terminal which uses ~/.Xdefaults http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/rxvt-unicode.html<br />
* [[sakura]] - terminal emulator based on GTK and VTE. http://www.pleyades.net/david/sakura.php<br />
* [[terminator]] - A terminal emulator supporting multiple resizable terminal panes<br />
* [[xterm]] - The default of defaults, requires only X<br />
* [[Terminal]] - Xfce default terminal with support for a colorized prompt and a tabbed interface http://www.xfce.org/projects/terminal/<br />
<br />
=== Text Editors ===<br />
* [[Beaver]] - Early AdVanced EditoR.<br />
* [[Bluefish]] - GTK editor/IDE with an MDI interface, syntax highlighting and support for Python plugins http://bluefish.openoffice.nl/<br />
* [[Cssed]] - GTK2 based Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) editor http://cssed.sourceforge.net/<br />
* [[Emacs]] - The somewhat intimidating but famously extensible text editor with hundreds of tricks and add-ons <br />
* [[Geany]] is a text editor using the GTK2 toolkit with basic features of an integrated development environment.<br />
* [[Gedit]] - Part of the GNOME desktop, but has minimal dependencies: a GTK2 editor with syntax highlighting, automatic indentation, matching brackets, etc., and a number of add-ons to increase functionality<br />
* [[Kate]] (a part of the KDE desktop)<br />
* [[KWrite]] (a part of the KDE desktop)<br />
* [[LeafPad]] - GTK+ based simple text editor http://tarot.freeshell.org/leafpad/<br />
* [[medit]] is intended to be a useful programming and around-programming text editor.<br />
* [[Mousepad]] - Lightweight text editor with support for word wrapping, line numbering and printing http://www.xfce.org/projects/mousepad/<br />
* [[Nano]] - A console based editor, similar to vim with a more intuitive interface, a good choice for newbies and casual users.<br />
* [[Scite]] - A generally useful editor with facilities for building and running programs http://www.scintilla.org/SciTE.html<br />
* [[Vim]] - "Vi improved," its many shortcuts and utilities may take a while to master but are a huge asset to programmers<br />
<br />
=== Trays ===<br />
* [[Docker]] is a docking application which acts as a system tray.<br />
* [[Stalonetray]] is a stand-alone system tray.<br />
* [[Trayer]] swallows GTK 1.2/2.x application docklets, and KDE docklets.<br />
<br />
== Desktop Environments (DE) ==<br />
* [[GNOME]] - Heavyweight DE that focuses on usability by offering simple controls and options http://www.gnome.org/<br />
* [[KDE]] - Heavyweight DE that focuses on customizeable options and integrated applications http://www.kde.org/<br />
* [[LXDE]] - Fully modular, lightweight DE based on Openbox offered with a suite of lightweight tools http://www.lxde.org/<br />
* [[ROX Desktop]] - Lightweight DE with excellent drag-and-drop support http://roscidus.com/desktop/<br />
* [[Xfce]] - Partially modular, medium weight DE which attempts to emulate the usability of GNOME http://www.xfce.org/<br />
<br />
== Window Managers (WM) ==<br />
=== Stacking Window Managers ===<br />
* [[Compiz]] - Compositing WM, similar to GNOME's Metacity http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/Compiz<br />
* [[Enlightenment]] - WM which attempts to provide minimal DE features with a native image viewer and file manager, amongst others http://www.enlightenment.org/<br />
* [[Fluxbox]] - Lightweight, easily configurable WM with support for panels and a tabbed interface http://www.fluxbox.org<br />
* [[JWM]] - Simple, stable and featherweight WM with native support for panels and buttons. XML-based configuration http://joewing.net/programs/jwm/<br />
* [[Openbox]] - Lightweight WM with numerous customization options and a mature code base. XML-based configuration http://icculus.org/openbox<br />
* [[pekwm]] - Lightweight, themeable WM configured with an intuitive Perl-like syntax http://pekwm.org/projects/pekwm<br />
* [[Sawfish]] - Medium weight WM, formerly the default WM in GNOME (subsequently substituted by Metacity) http://sawfish.wikia.com<br />
* [[Twm]] - Classic, customizable and very lightweight window manager; possibly the first designed for X11.<br />
* [[Xfwm4]] - Middleweight Compositing WM, [[Xfce]] default WM http://www.xfce.org/documentation/4.2/manuals/xfwm4<br />
<br />
=== Tiling Window Managers ===<br />
Window managers that tile work by partitioning off areas of the screen and are designed to maximize the usage of the screen without forcing the user to muck around with window positions and frames. See also [[Comparison of Tiling Window Managers]].<br />
* [[awesome]]<br />
* [[dwm]]<br />
* [[Ion3]]<br />
* [[ratpoison]]<br />
* [[scrotwm]]<br />
* [[Stumpwm]]<br />
* [[wmii]]<br />
* [[Xmonad]]<br />
* [[Musca]]</div>
Duerrer
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=List_of_applications&diff=81778
List of applications
2009-11-04T09:27:29Z
<p>Duerrer: /* Image Viewers */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Other desktop user's resources (English)]][[Category:General (English)]]<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|Provides a list of common software that may be useful in day to day computer use, categorized by type.}}<br />
<!--{{Article summary heading|Languages}}--><br />
<!--{{i18n_entry|English|Common Applications}}--><br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary text|[[Lightweight Applications]]}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
== [[Backup_programs|Backup]] ==<br />
* [[dar]] -A full featured command-line backup tool, short for Disk ARchive [http://dar.linux.free.fr/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=1612 Package]<br />
* [[duplicity]] - A utility for encrypted, bandwidth-efficient backups using the rsync algorithm [http://www.nongnu.org/duplicity/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=5881 Package]<br />
* [[packrat]] - A simple, modular backup system that uses dar to take full/incremental backups of files and can store them locally, on a remote system via SSH, or on Amazon S3 [http://www.zeroflux.org/projects/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21951 Package]<br />
* [[rdiff-backup]] - A utility for local/remote mirroring and incremental backups [http://www.nongnu.org/rdiff-backup/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=172 Package]<br />
* [[rsnapshot]] - A remote filesystem snapshot utility [http://www.rsnapshot.org Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3070 Package]<br />
* [[rsync]] - A file transfer program to keep remote files in sync [http://samba.anu.edu.au/rsync/ Home Site] [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/i686/rsync/ Package]<br />
* [[safekeep]] - A client/server backup system which enhances the power of rdiff-backup [http://safekeep.sourceforge.net/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=16463 Package]<br />
<br />
== Internet ==<br />
=== BitTorrent Clients ===<br />
{{Wikipedia|Comparison of BitTorrent clients}}<br />
<br />
* [http://aria2.sourceforge.net/ aria2] - Fast command line downloader with support for multiple protocols, including BitTorrent <br />
* [http://deluge-torrent.org/ Deluge] - BitTorrent client written in Python and wrapped with PyGTK <br />
* [http://ktorrent.org/ Ktorrent] - Feature-rich BitTorrent client developed using Qt <br />
* [http://libtorrent.rakshasa.no/ rTorrent] - Simple and lightweight ncurses BitTorrent client for text-based console. <br />
* [http://www.transmissionbt.com/ Transmission] - Simple and easy BitTorrent client (GTK+ GUI and CLI) <br />
* [http://azureus.sourceforge.net/ Vuze] - Feature-rich BitTorrent client written in Java <br />
* [http://mldonkey.sourceforge.net/Main_Page MLDonkey] - Multi protocol p2p client suporting BitTorrent <br />
<br />
=== Chat Clients ===<br />
==== IRC Clients ====<br />
* [[Konversation]] - IRC client for the KDE4 desktop - http://konversation.kde.org/<br />
* [[KVIrc]] - QT based IRC client - http://www.kvirc.net/<br />
* [[Irssi]] - ncurses IRC client - http://www.irssi.org/<br />
* [[Weechat]] - ncurses IRC client - http://weechat.flashtux.org/<br />
* [[Xchat]] - http://www.xchat.org/<br />
<br />
==== Jabber/XMPP Clients ====<br />
* [[freetalk]] - Freetalk is a CLI Jabber client. Freetalk is extensible, configurable, and scriptable through a Guile interface. <br />
* [[gajim]] - A GTK2 Jabber/XMPP client, light and feature-rich<br />
* [[jabber.el]] - jabber.el is a Jabber client for Emacs.<br />
* [[mcabber]] A curses xmpp client<br />
* [[psi]] - A Qt Jabber/XMPP client<br />
<br />
==== MSN Clients ====<br />
* [[aMsn]] - A tcl/tk MSN Client. http://www.amsn-project.net/<br />
* [[Emesene]] - A GTK2 MSN Client. http://emesene.org/<br />
* [[Galaxium Messenger]] - A Mono MSN Client. http://code.google.com/p/galaxium/<br />
* [[Kmess]] - A KDE MSN Client. http://kmess.org/<br />
* [[Mercury]] - A Java MSN Client. http://www.mercury.im/<br />
<br />
==== Multi-Protocol Clients ====<br />
{{Wikipedia|Comparison of instant messaging clients}}<br />
<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=22543 BarnOwl] - A console chat client for the AIM, IRC, Jabber, and Zephyr protocols http://barnowl.mit.edu/<br />
* [[Carrier/Funpidgin]] - fork of Pidgin with many improvements and more user-oriented developers http://funpidgin.sourceforge.net <br />
* [[CenterIM]] - An ncurses client with support for ICQ, Yahoo!, AIM, MSN, IRC, Jabber, LiveJournal, and Gadu-Gadu<br />
* [[Finch]] - An ncurses version of Pidgin<br />
* [[Kopete]] - A Kde multi-protocol IM client<br />
* [[Pidgin]] - A GTK2 multi-protocol IM client<br />
* [[qutim]] - a Qt multiprotocol client that resembles the look'n'feel of the QIP program. http://qutim.org<br />
<br />
=== Mail Clients ===<br />
* [[Alpine]] The Apache-licensed PINE (a tool for reading, sending, and managing electronic messages) http://www.washington.edu/alpine<br />
* [[Claws-mail]] - A GTK+ based e-mail client http://www.claws-mail.org<br />
* [[Evolution]] - A mature and feature-rich e-mail client used in GNOME by default.<br />
* [[Gnus]] - mail, nntp, rss client for Emacs.<br />
* [[Kmail]] - A mature and feature-rich e-mail client part of the kde project. http://kontact.kde.org/kmail/<br />
* [[mutt]] - The famous, mature old command-line client http://www.mutt.org/<br />
* [[Sup]] - A CLI mail client with very fast searching, tagging, threading and gmail like operation. http://sup.rubyforge.org/<br />
* [[Sylpheed]] - Lightweight and user-friendly e-mail client http://sylpheed.sraoss.jp/en/<br />
* [[Thunderbird]] - Mozilla's GTK2-based client.<br />
<br />
=== News Aggregators ===<br />
* [[Akregator]] - KDE's news aggregator (in kdepim package)<br />
* [[Canto]] - A ncurses RSS aggregator http://codezen.org/canto/<br />
* [[Gnus]] - mail, nntp, rss client for Emacs.<br />
* [[Liferea]] - A GTK desktop news aggregator for online news feeds and weblogs http://liferea.sourceforge.net<br />
* [http://www.newsbeuter.org Newsbeuter] - A ncurses RSS aggregator with layout and keybinding similar to mutt. Does not use the traditional 3 panes setup.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=11369 Rawdog] - An "RSS Aggregator Without Delusions Of Grandeur" that parses RSS/CDF/Atom feeds into a static HTML page of articles in date order http://offog.org/code/rawdog.html<br />
* [http://boreal.rssowl.org/ Rssowl] - A powerful java-based RSS reader<br />
* [[Snownews]] - Text mode RSS newsreader.<br />
* [[Thunderbird]] - A mail client from Mozilla which also functions as a pretty nice news aggregator<br />
<br />
=== Web Browsers ===<br />
==== Graphical ====<br />
* [[Arora]] - Cross-platform open source web browser using the [http://webkit.org/ WebKit] rendering engine, built on top of Qt. http://www.arora-browser.org/<br />
* [[Dillo]] - A small, fast graphical web browser built on FLTK http://www.dillo.org/<br />
* [[Epiphany]] - A GNOME reworking of Firefox, really. http://projects.gnome.org/epiphany/<br />
* [[Firefox]] - [https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/ Extensible] GTK2 browser based on Gecko with fast rendering. http://www.mozilla.com/firefox/<br />
* [[Kazehakase]] - A much lighter, but rather feature-lacking alternative to other browsers (GTK2 and Gecko). http://kazehakase.sourceforge.jp/<br />
* [[Konqueror]] - Qt- and KHTML-based browser. A part of the KDE desktop. http://www.konqueror.org/<br />
* [[Midori]] - Young but promising GTK2/WebKit browser, featherweight with very fast rendering http://www.twotoasts.de/index.php?/pages/midori_summary.html<br />
* [[Opera]] - Highly customizable browser with focuses on usability and an adherence to web rendering standards http://www.opera.com/<br />
* [[uzbl]] - A lightweight webkit browser following the UNIX philosophy - to do one thing and do it well. http://www.uzbl.org/<br />
<br />
==== Text Based ====<br />
* [[Elinks]] - An advanced and well-established feature-rich text mode web browser. http://elinks.or.cz<br />
* [[links-g]] A text WWW browser, similar to Lynx, with framebuffer and X graphics enabled http://links.twibright.com/<br />
* [[Lynx]] A text browser for the World Wide Web http://lynx.isc.org<br />
* [[w3m]] A pager/text-based WWW browser http://w3m.sourceforge.net/<br />
<br />
== Document Indexers ==<br />
* [[pinot]] - Personal search and metasearch tool http://pinot.berlios.de/<br />
* [[recoll]] - Full text search tool based on Xapian backend http://www.lesbonscomptes.com/recoll/<br />
<br />
== Document Readers ==<br />
*[[ePDFView ]] - A free lightweight PDF document viewer using Poppler and GTK+ libraries. http://trac.emma-soft.com/epdfview/<br />
*[[Evince]] - Document viewer for multiple document formats. Supports pdf, postscript, djvu, tiff and dvi http://projects.gnome.org/evince/<br />
*[http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=23344 Foxit Reader] - A small, fast PDF viewer http://www.foxitsoftware.com/pdf/desklinux/<br />
*[[Okular]] - PDF viewer for KDE. http://okular.kde.org/<br />
*[[xpdf]] - A viewer for Portable Document Format (PDF) files http://www.foolabs.com/xpdf/<br />
<br />
== Multimedia ==<br />
=== Audio ===<br />
* [[Amarok]] - A mature Qt-based player known for its plethora of features<br />
* [[Ario]] - A GTK client for MPD (Music player daemon) inspired by Rhythmbox but much lighter and faster<br />
* [[aTunes]] - An audio-player written in Java<br />
* [[Audacious]] - A Winamp clone like Beep and old XMMS versions<br />
* [[Banshee]] - yet another GTK iTunes clone, yet more feature-rich and more actively developed.<br />
* [[Cmus]] is a very feature-rich ncurses-based music player.<br />
* [[Cplay]] is a curses front-end for various audio players.<br />
* [[Exaile]] - A GTK clone of Amarok<br />
* [[Goggles Music Manager]] - A lightweight music manager and player that automatically categorizes your music files.<br />
* [[Moc]] - A ncurses-based daemon/client style player, designed to be flexible and easy to use. http://moc.daper.net/<br />
* [[MPD]] - Music player daemon, a lightweight and scalable choice for music management<br />
* [[mpg123]] - command line audio player.<br />
* [[ncmpc]] - An ncurses-based front-end to mpd<br />
* [[ncmpcpp]] - A clone of ncmpc with some new features written in C++ http://unkart.ovh.org/ncmpcpp/ (in [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?K=ncmpcpp&start=0&PP=100 AUR])<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21461 PyTone] - An advanced music jukebox with a console interface http://www.luga.de/pytone/<br />
* [[Quod Libet]] - an audio player written with pygtk and gstreamer<br />
* [[Rhythmbox]] - A GTK clone of iTunes, used by default in GNOME<br />
* [[Sonata]] - A Python-based front-end to mpd<br />
* [[Songbird]] - an open source clone of iTunes that uses Mozilla technologies as well as Gstreamer and is being developed by the team that made WinAMP http://getsongbird.com/<br />
* [[XMMS]] - A skinnable GTK+1 standalone media player similar to winamp<br />
<br />
==== Visualization ====<br />
* [[projectM]] - OpenGL music visualizer for 3D accelerated graphic cards http://projectm.sourceforge.net/<br />
<br />
==== Editing ====<br />
* [[Audacity]] - A sound recorder and editor<br />
<br />
=== Graphics and Image Manipulation ===<br />
* [[Blender]] - A fully integrated 3D graphics creation suite http://blender3d.org<br />
* [[Dia]] - DIAgram editor http://www.gnome.org/projects/dia<br />
* [[Gimp]] - GNU Image Manipulation Program http://www.gimp.org<br />
* [[imagemagick]] - An image viewing/manipulation program http://www.imagemagick.org/<br />
* [[Inkscape]] - A vector-based drawing program - svg compliant http://inkscape.sourceforge.net<br />
* [[mtpaint]] - A simple GTK2 painting program designed for creating icons and pixel based artwork. http://mtpaint.sourceforge.net<br />
* [[Xara]] - An advanced vector graphics program, development release http://www.xaraxtreme.org<br />
<br />
=== Image Viewers ===<br />
* [http://s01.de/~gottox/index.cgi/proj_bgs bgs] - Back Ground Setter (bgs) is a lightweight background setter. <br />
* [[eog]] - "Eye of Gnome" image viewer<br />
* [[feh]] - Command-line based, can be used for slideshows, quick viewing, and setting wallpaper<br />
* [http://lxde.sourceforge.net/gpicview/ GPicView] is a simple and fast image viewer for X. Made by the developers of [[LXDE]]<br />
* [[geeqie]] - Lightweight, speedy fork of gqview http://geeqie.sourceforge.net/<br />
* [[gqview]] - A stand-alone GTK2 image viewer<br />
* [[gThumb]] - Image browser and viewer for the GNOME Desktop<br />
* [[Mirage]] - light and extensible GTK+ image viewer http://mirageiv.berlios.de/<br />
* [[qiv]] - Quick Image Viewer (qiv) is a very small and fast GDK/Imlib image viewer http://www.klografx.net/qiv/<br />
* [[Ristretto]] - Fast and lightweight viewer, often installed as part of the Xfce desktop environment<br />
* [[XnView MP]] - Extensible port of the complete and customizeable XnView. Currently under development http://newsgroup.xnview.com/viewforum.php?f=60<br />
*[[xv]] - xv is a nice image viewer [http://www.trilon.com/xv/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=9015 Package]<br />
<br />
=== Phone ===<br />
* [[moto4lin]] - Motorola P2K telephone manager built on Qt3 http://moto4lin.sourceforge.net/<br />
<br />
=== Video ===<br />
* [[kaffeine]] - KDE based frontend for [[xine]]<br />
* [[mplayer]] - A "Swiss army knife" of sorts for media playing on Linux<br />
* [[VLC]] - A simple multi-platform media player, streamer, and encoder, that handles huge numbers of media formats.<br />
* [[SMPlayer]] is a complete frontend for [[MPlayer]].<br />
* [[Whaaw! Media Player]] is a lightweight Gstreamer-based audio/video player that can serve as a good alternative to Totem for those who don't like all those GNOME dependencies. http://home.gna.org/whaawmp/<br />
<br />
== Note Taking Organizers ==<br />
* [[hnb]] - A program to organize many kinds of data in one place. [http://hnb.sourceforge.net/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=16630 Package]<br />
* [[NoteCase]] - A portable hierarchical note manager, coded in C++ using the GTK+ toolkit [http://notecase.sourceforge.net Home Site]<br />
* [[Task]] - A command-line TODO list manager [http://www.beckingham.net/task.html Home Site]<br />
* [[tomboy]] - Desktop note-taking application for Linux and Unix [http://www.gnome.org/projects/tomboy/ Home Site]<br />
* [[zim]] - A WYSIWYG text editor that aims at bringing the concept of a wiki to the desktop [http://zim-wiki.org/ Home Site]<br />
* [[Gnote]] - Gnote is an experimental port of Tomboy to C++ [http://live.gnome.org/Gnote Home Site]<br />
<br />
== Office ==<br />
=== Suites ===<br />
* [[Koffice]] - KOffice is a free, integrated office suite for KDE, the K Desktop Environment. http://www.koffice.org/<br />
* [[OpenOffice.org]] - An office suite http://www.OpenOffice.org/<br />
<br />
=== Word Processors ===<br />
* [[Abiword]] - A lightweight fast word processor http://www.abisource.com/<br />
* [[OpenOffice.org Writer]] - A full-featured word processor included in the OpenOffice.org suite<br />
<br />
== Spreadsheets ==<br />
* [[gnumeric]] - A GNOME Spreadsheet Program http://www.gnome.org/projects/gnumeric<br />
* [[OpenOffice.org Calc]] - A full-featured spreadsheet included in OpenOffice.org suite<br />
<br />
== Security ==<br />
* [[arpwatch]] - arpwatch and arpsnmp network monitoring tools ftp://ftp.ee.lbl.gov/<br />
* [[DenyHosts]] - a script to help thwart ssh server attacks http://denyhosts.sourceforge.net/<br />
* [[etherape]] - A graphical network monitor for various OSI layers and protocols http://etherape.sourceforge.net/<br />
* [[iptraf]] - An IP network monitor http://iptraf.seul.org/<br />
* [[logwatch]] - Logwatch is a customizable log analysis system http://www.logwatch.org/<br />
* [[nessus]] - Vulnerability scanner http://www.nessus.org<br />
* [[nmap]] - A command line network exploration tool and security/port scanner http://nmap.org<br />
* [[ntop]] - A network traffic probe based on libcap http://ntop.org<br />
* [[portbunny]] - Extremly fast CLI portscanner http://www.recurity-labs.com/portbunny/index.shtml<br />
* [[snort]] - A lightweight network intrusion detection system http://www.snort.org<br />
* [[swatch]] - The active log file monitoring tool http://swatch.sourceforge.net/<br />
* [[tcpdump]] - A tool for network monitoring and data acquisition http://www.tcpdump.org<br />
* [[wireshark]] - A free network protocol analyzer for Unix/Linux and Windows http://www.wireshark.org/<br />
<br />
== Time Management ==<br />
* [[Calcurse]] - An ncurses calendar and task manager [http://culot.org/calcurse/ Home Site]<br />
* [[Orage]] - A GTK+ calendar and task manager often seen integrated with Xfce [http://www.xfce.org/projects/orage/ Home Site]<br />
* [[Osmo]] - A GTK+ personal organizer, which includes calendar, tasks manager and address book modules. [http://clayo.org/osmo/ Home Site]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21675 Rachota] - A portable time tracker for personal projects [http://rachota.sourceforge.net/en/ Home Site]<br />
* [[Remind]] - A sophisticated calendar and alarm progam [http://www.roaringpenguin.com/penguin/open_source_remind.php Home Site]<br />
* [[Sunbird]] - The standalone Mozilla calendar application [http://www.mozilla.org/projects/calendar/sunbird/ Home Site]<br />
* [[taskcoach]] - A simple open source todo manager to manage personal tasks and todo lists [http://taskcoach.sourceforge.net/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=6005 Package]<br />
* [[When]] - A simple command line personal calendar program [http://www.lightandmatter.com/when/when.html Home Site]<br />
* [[Wyrd]] - A text-based front-end to Remind. [http://pessimization.com/software/wyrd/ Home Site]<br />
<br />
== Utilities ==<br />
=== Arch Package Management ===<br />
See also [[Comparison of AUR frontends]]. <br />
* [[Aurnotify]] - Displays the latest updated packages from Arch Linux User Repository. http://adesklets.sourceforge.net/desklets.html<br />
* [http://husio.homelinux.com/static/aurshell/ Aurshell] - A program wherein a number of commands exist, such as '''aur search <query>'''<br />
* [http://ghost1227.com/makeaur Makeaur] - A simple shell script designed to expedite the AUR installation process <br />
* [http://xyne.archlinux.ca/info/powerpill Powerpill] - A wrapper and download accelerator for Pacman that works with other wrappers<br />
* [[TuPac]] - A cached pacman implementation that boosts some pacman operations: faster searches, AND searches, aur support, colored output, system sanity check, frontend friendly and more...<br />
* [[Yaourt]] - Usage identical to Pacman, with support for core, extra, community, and unsupported repositories<br />
<br />
=== CD/DVD Burning Tools===<br />
* [[bashburn]] - A lightweight terminal based menu frontend for CD/DVD burning tools.<br />
* [[brasero]] - An application to burn CDs/DVDs for the Gnome Desktop.<br />
* [[gnomebaker]] - A GTK based CD/DVD burning application.<br />
* [[graveman]] - A GTK based CD/DVD burning application.<br />
* [[k3b]] - A feature-rich and easy to handle CD burning application for KDE.<br />
* [[nerolinux]] - A commercial CD/DVD burning tool (requires a valid key).<br />
* [[xcdroast]] - A lightweight CD/DVD burning tool.<br />
* [[xfburn]] - Xfburn is a simple CD/DVD burning tool based on libburnia libraries (xfce).<br />
<br />
===Clipboard Managers===<br />
* [[Parcellite]] - a lightweight yet feature-rich clipboard manager.<br />
* [[Glipper]] - Glipper is a clipboardmanager for GNOME with more features and plugin support [http://glipper.sourceforge.net/ Home Site]<br />
<br />
=== Compression Tools ===<br />
* [[File Roller]] The default archive manager for GNOME.<br />
* [[p7zip]] - A command line port of 7-Zip for POSIX systems, including Linux. http://p7zip.sourceforge.net/ http://www.7-zip.org/<br />
* [[pbzip2]] - A threaded version of the bzip2 utility, can automatically scale up to as many cores as it finds in the system.<br />
* [[Squeeze]] - A featherweight front-end for command line archiving tools. Passworded archives are currently unsupported. http://squeeze.xfce.org/<br />
* [[XArchive]] - A GTK+ front-end for command line archiving tools.<br />
* [[Xarchiver]] - A lightweight, desktop independent front-end for command line archiving tools built with GTK2. http://xarchiver.xfce.org/<br />
<br />
=== File Managers ===<br />
* [[emelFM2]] - File manager that implements a three-pane design - http://emelfm2.net<br />
* [[Dolphin]] - Default file manager for KDE 4 - http://dolphin.kde.org/<br />
* [[Konqueror]] - Default file manager for KDE 2 and KDE 3 - http://www.konqueror.org/<br />
* [[Krusader]] - Advanced twin panel (commander style) file manager for KDE - http://www.krusader.org/<br />
* [[Midnight Commander]] - Terminal filemanager/shell that emulates Norton Commander - http://www.midnight-commander.org/<br />
* [[Nautilus]] - Extensible, heavyweight file manager used by default in GNOME with support for custom scripts - http://projects.gnome.org/nautilus/<br />
* [[PCManFM | PCMan File Manager]] - Part of the standard [[LXDE]] DE, a small and efficient graphical file manager - http://pcmanfm.sourceforge.net/<br />
* [[ROX-Filer]] - Small and fast file manager which can optionally manage desktop backgrounds and panels - http://roscidus.com/desktop/ROX-Filer<br />
* [[Thunar]] - [http://goodies.xfce.org/projects/thunar-plugins/start Extensible], medium weight file manager used by default in Xfce with support for plugins - http://thunar.xfce.org/<br />
* [[Vifm]] - Ncurses based file manager with vi-like keybindings - http://vifm.sourceforge.net/<br />
* [[Xfe]] - Small and very fast Commander like file manager - http://roland65.free.fr/xfe/<br />
<br />
=== Panels ===<br />
* [[fbpanel]] Lightweight, NETWM compliant desktop panel. [http://fbpanel.sourceforge.net/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=5255 Package]<br />
* [[LXPanel]] Lightweight X11 desktop panel and part of the LXDE DE. [http://lxde.org/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=17813 Package]<br />
* [[PyPanel]] Lightweight panel/taskbar written in Python and C. [http://pypanel.sourceforge.net/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=9118 Package]<br />
* [[Tint]] Simple panel/taskbar developed specifically for Openbox. [http://code.google.com/p/tint2/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=17082 Package]<br />
* [[BMPanel]] Lightweight, NETWM compliant desktop panel. [http://nsf.110mb.com/bmpanel/ Home Site] [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=15165 Package]<br />
* [[Xfce4panel]] Default [[Xfce]] panel [http://www.xfce.org/projects/xfce4-panel/ Home Site]<br />
<br />
=== System Monitoring ===<br />
*[[adesklet-systemmonitor]] - Modular stackable system monitors for adesklets http://adesklets.sourceforge.net/desklets.html<br />
*[[conky]] - advanced, highly configurable system monitor for X based on torsmo http://conky.sourceforge.net/<br />
*[[gkrellm]] - Simple, flexible system monitor package for GTK2; many plug-ins are available on AUR. http://members.dslextreme.com/users/billw/gkrellm/gkrellm.html<br />
<br />
=== Terminals ===<br />
* [[Aterm]] - An xterm replacement with transparency support http://aterm.sourceforge.net/ <br />
* [[Gnome-Terminal]] - GNOME default (standalone) terminal with support for Unicode and pseudo-transparency<br />
* [[Konsole]] - KDE's default terminal<br />
* [[lxterminal]] - VTE-based terminal emulator and c part of the LXDE DE. http://lxde.org/<br />
* [[Lilyterm]] — Lightweight and plain terminal emulator<br />
* [[mrxvt]] - Tabbed X terminal emulator based on rxvt code http://materm.sourceforge.net/index.html<br />
* [[roxterm]] - Tabbed, VTE-based terminal emulator http://roxterm.sourceforge.net/<br />
* [[rxvt-unicode]] (or urxvt) - A small, fast and customizable terminal which uses ~/.Xdefaults http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/rxvt-unicode.html<br />
* [[sakura]] - terminal emulator based on GTK and VTE. http://www.pleyades.net/david/sakura.php<br />
* [[terminator]] - A terminal emulator supporting multiple resizable terminal panes<br />
* [[xterm]] - The default of defaults, requires only X<br />
* [[Terminal]] - Xfce default terminal with support for a colorized prompt and a tabbed interface http://www.xfce.org/projects/terminal/<br />
<br />
=== Text Editors ===<br />
* [[Beaver]] - Early AdVanced EditoR.<br />
* [[Bluefish]] - GTK editor/IDE with an MDI interface, syntax highlighting and support for Python plugins http://bluefish.openoffice.nl/<br />
* [[Cssed]] - GTK2 based Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) editor http://cssed.sourceforge.net/<br />
* [[Emacs]] - The somewhat intimidating but famously extensible text editor with hundreds of tricks and add-ons <br />
* [[Geany]] is a text editor using the GTK2 toolkit with basic features of an integrated development environment.<br />
* [[Gedit]] - Part of the GNOME desktop, but has minimal dependencies: a GTK2 editor with syntax highlighting, automatic indentation, matching brackets, etc., and a number of add-ons to increase functionality<br />
* [[Kate]] (a part of the KDE desktop)<br />
* [[KWrite]] (a part of the KDE desktop)<br />
* [[LeafPad]] - GTK+ based simple text editor http://tarot.freeshell.org/leafpad/<br />
* [[medit]] is intended to be a useful programming and around-programming text editor.<br />
* [[Mousepad]] - Lightweight text editor with support for word wrapping, line numbering and printing http://www.xfce.org/projects/mousepad/<br />
* [[Nano]] - A console based editor, similar to vim with a more intuitive interface, a good choice for newbies and casual users.<br />
* [[Scite]] - A generally useful editor with facilities for building and running programs http://www.scintilla.org/SciTE.html<br />
* [[Vim]] - "Vi improved," its many shortcuts and utilities may take a while to master but are a huge asset to programmers<br />
<br />
=== Trays ===<br />
* [[Docker]] is a docking application which acts as a system tray.<br />
* [[Stalonetray]] is a stand-alone system tray.<br />
* [[Trayer]] swallows GTK 1.2/2.x application docklets, and KDE docklets.<br />
<br />
== Desktop Environments (DE) ==<br />
* [[GNOME]] - Heavyweight DE that focuses on usability by offering simple controls and options http://www.gnome.org/<br />
* [[KDE]] - Heavyweight DE that focuses on customizeable options and integrated applications http://www.kde.org/<br />
* [[LXDE]] - Fully modular, lightweight DE based on Openbox offered with a suite of lightweight tools http://www.lxde.org/<br />
* [[ROX Desktop]] - Lightweight DE with excellent drag-and-drop support http://roscidus.com/desktop/<br />
* [[Xfce]] - Partially modular, medium weight DE which attempts to emulate the usability of GNOME http://www.xfce.org/<br />
<br />
== Window Managers (WM) ==<br />
=== Stacking Window Managers ===<br />
* [[Compiz]] - Compositing WM, similar to GNOME's Metacity http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/Compiz<br />
* [[Enlightenment]] - WM which attempts to provide minimal DE features with a native image viewer and file manager, amongst others http://www.enlightenment.org/<br />
* [[Fluxbox]] - Lightweight, easily configurable WM with support for panels and a tabbed interface http://www.fluxbox.org<br />
* [[JWM]] - Simple, stable and featherweight WM with native support for panels and buttons. XML-based configuration http://joewing.net/programs/jwm/<br />
* [[Openbox]] - Lightweight WM with numerous customization options and a mature code base. XML-based configuration http://icculus.org/openbox<br />
* [[pekwm]] - Lightweight, themeable WM configured with an intuitive Perl-like syntax http://pekwm.org/projects/pekwm<br />
* [[Sawfish]] - Medium weight WM, formerly the default WM in GNOME (subsequently substituted by Metacity) http://sawfish.wikia.com<br />
* [[Twm]] - Classic, customizable and very lightweight window manager; possibly the first designed for X11.<br />
* [[Xfwm4]] - Middleweight Compositing WM, [[Xfce]] default WM http://www.xfce.org/documentation/4.2/manuals/xfwm4<br />
<br />
=== Tiling Window Managers ===<br />
Window managers that tile work by partitioning off areas of the screen and are designed to maximize the usage of the screen without forcing the user to muck around with window positions and frames. See also [[Comparison of Tiling Window Managers]].<br />
* [[awesome]]<br />
* [[dwm]]<br />
* [[Ion3]]<br />
* [[ratpoison]]<br />
* [[scrotwm]]<br />
* [[Stumpwm]]<br />
* [[wmii]]<br />
* [[Xmonad]]<br />
* [[Musca]]</div>
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