https://wiki.archlinux.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Feralert&feedformat=atomArchWiki - User contributions [en]2024-03-19T05:06:48ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.41.0https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Pacman&diff=31761Pacman2007-11-05T18:31:20Z<p>Feralert: /* Other Usage */ Added pacman option to reinstall a package</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Package management (English)]]<br />
[[Category:Utilities (English)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (English)]]<br />
<br />
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<br />
==Overview==<br />
The '''Pacman''' package manager is one of the great highlights of Arch Linux. It combines a simple binary package format with an easy-to-use build system (see [[makepkg]] and [[ABS]]). '''Pacman''' makes it possible to easily manage packages, whether they be from the official Arch repositories or the user's own builds.<br />
<br />
'''Pacman''' can keep a system up to date by synchronizing package lists with the master server. This server/client model also allows you to download/install packages with a simple command, complete with all required dependencies (similar to Debian's apt-get).<br />
<br />
==Usage==<br />
<br />
To really learn what pacman can do, read <code>man pacman</code>. The below is just a small sample of operations that can be performed.<br />
<br />
===Installing and Removing Packages===<br />
Before installing and upgrading packages, it is a good idea to synchronize the local package database with the remote repositories.<br />
<br />
pacman -Sy<br />
or<br />
pacman --sync --refresh<br />
<br />
To install or upgrade a single package or list of packages (including dependencies), issue the following command:<br />
<br />
pacman -S package_name1 package_name2<br />
<br />
Sometimes there are more versions of a package in different repositories (e.g. extra and testing). You can specify which one to install:<br />
<br />
pacman -S extra/package_name<br />
pacman -S testing/package_name<br />
<br />
You can also refresh the package database before installing a package in one command:<br />
<br />
pacman -Sy package_name<br />
<br />
To remove a single package, leaving all of its dependencies installed:<br />
<br />
pacman -R package_name<br />
<br />
To remove all of the packages dependencies which aren't used by any other installed package:<br />
<br />
pacman -Rs package_name<br />
<br />
To remove a package without checking dependencies:<br />
<br />
pacman -Rd package_name<br />
<br />
===Upgrading the System===<br />
<br />
'''Pacman''' can update all packages on the system with just one command. This could take quite a while depending on how up-to-date your system is.<br />
<br />
pacman -Su<br />
<br />
However, the best option is to synchronize the repository databases AND update your system in one go with the following:<br />
<br />
pacman -Syu<br />
<br />
===Querying the Package Database===<br />
<br />
'''Pacman''' can search the package database for a list of packages, you can enter part of the package name to search for all packages matching the string:<br />
<br />
pacman -Ss package<br />
<br />
To search installed packages only:<br />
<br />
pacman -Qs package<br />
<br />
Once you know the name of the package you are looking for, you can display some information on the package. Note that ''query info'' (-Qi) will show more info than ''sync info'' (-Si), as long as the package is installed.<br />
<br />
pacman -Si package <br />
pacman -Qi package<br />
<br />
For a list of files contained in a package:<br />
<br />
pacman -Ql package<br />
<br />
For a list of files no longer in use by any currently installed packages:<br />
<br />
pacman -Qe <br />
<br />
You can also query what package a file on your system belongs to.<br />
<br />
pacman -Qo /path/to/file<br />
<br />
===Other Usage===<br />
<br />
'''Pacman''' is quite an extensive package management tool, here is just a brief collection of other features.<br />
<br />
* Download a package without installing it:<br />
pacman -Sw package_name<br />
<br />
* Install a local package (not from a repository):<br />
pacman -U /path/to/package/package_name-version.pkg.tar.gz<br />
<br />
* Fully clean the package cache (/var/cache/pacman/pkg):<br />
pacman -Scc<br />
<br />
* Reinstall a package (that can't be removed first because of dependencies problems):<br />
pacman -Sf package_name<br />
<br />
For a more detailed list of switches please refer to <code>pacman --help</code> or <code>man pacman</code>.<br />
<br />
==Configuration==<br />
Pacman configuration is located in <code>/etc/pacman.conf</code>. In depth information about the configuration file can be found in <code>man pacman.conf</code>.<br />
<br />
===General options===<br />
General options are in [options] section. Read the man page or look in the default pacman.conf for information on what can be done here.<br />
<br />
===Repositories===<br />
In this section you define which repositories to use, as referred to in /etc/pacman.conf, and then listed in /etc/pacman.d/. They can be defined directly there or you can include them from another file. The files found in this directory include, '''community''', '''core''', '''extra''', '''release''', '''testing''' and '''unstable'''. It is important to edit each one to include the repositories you require. The following is an example for the official repositories which have a lot of [[mirrors]]. Avoid using ftp.archlinux.org as it is [http://www.archlinux.org/news/302/ throttled].<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
[repository-name]<br />
Server = ftp://server.net/repo<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
<pre><br />
[core]<br />
# Add your preferred servers here, they will be used first<br />
Include = /etc/pacman.d/core<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
'''n.b.''' Care should be taken when using '''testing''' and '''unstable''' repositories<br />
<br />
===Errors===<br />
<br />
If you receive the following error<br />
'''not found in sync db'''<br />
this likely due to the package not being located because the repositry has not been set correctly.<br />
<br />
==Related links==<br />
[[Improve Pacman Performance]]<br><br />
[[Colored Pacman output]]<br><br />
[[Downgrade packages]]<br><br />
[http://www.archlinux.org/pacman/pacman.conf.5.html Editing pacman.conf]<br><br />
[[Redownloading all installed packages]]<br><br />
[[Server_configuration|Server configuration in pacman.conf]]<br><br />
[[ArchLinux User-community Repository (AUR)]]<br><br />
[[Local repository HOW-TO]]<br><br />
[[Custom local repository with ABS and gensync]]<br><br />
[[Howto Upgrade via Home Network]] (Network Shared Pacman Cache)<br><br />
[[rucksack]]<br><br />
[[Pacman GUI Frontends]]<br><br />
[[Pacman_Aliases|Pacman Aliases (for bash)]]</div>Feralerthttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Improve_GTK_Application_Looks&diff=22175Improve GTK Application Looks2007-03-25T14:15:11Z<p>Feralert: corrections only</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Eye candy (English)]]<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (English)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (English)]]<br />
<br />
If you sometimes use old GTK1 apps (like xmms), you probably know they don't look nice. This is because they use ugly default theme.<br />
To change it, you need to:<br />
# download and install some nice theme<br />
# change the theme<br />
<br />
Some nice themes are in [extra]. To install it:<br />
# pacman -S gtk-smooth-engine<br />
<br />
To change the theme you can use gtk-theme-switch:<br />
# pacman -S gtk-theme-switch<br />
<br />
then run it with 'switch' command. That's all. Isn't it better looking now? :)<br />
<br />
<br />
For GTK2 apps (i.e.Gaim) you can do the same with 'gtk2-theme-switch' or 'gtk2_prefs' (which is the one i use and recommend). So once you have made your mind do:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gtk2-theme-switch<br />
or:<br />
# pacman -S gtk2_prefs<br />
<br />
You probably would like to install some themes too:<br />
# pacman -S gtk2-themes-collection<br />
<br />
Now run either 'swith2' or 'gtk2_prefs', depending on what you chose before and change the theme to your liking.<br />
<br />
Enjoy!</div>Feralerthttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Improve_GTK_Application_Looks&diff=22174Improve GTK Application Looks2007-03-25T11:20:33Z<p>Feralert: Edited to clarify the GTK2 text</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Eye candy (English)]]<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (English)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (English)]]<br />
<br />
If you sometimes use old GTK1 apps (like xmms), you probably know they don't look nice. This is because they use ugly default theme.<br />
To change it, you need to:<br />
# download and install some nice theme<br />
# change the theme<br />
<br />
Some nice themes are in [extra]. To install it:<br />
# pacman -S gtk-smooth-engine<br />
<br />
To change the theme you can use gtk-theme-switch:<br />
# pacman -S gtk-theme-switch<br />
<br />
then run it with 'switch' command. That's all. Isn't it better looking now? :)<br />
<br />
<br />
For GTK2 apps (Gaim, Firefox, etc...) you can do the same with 'gtk2-theme-switch' or 'gtk2_prefs' (which is the one i use and recommend). So once you have made your mind do:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gtk2-theme-switch<br />
or:<br />
# pacman -S gtk2_prefs<br />
<br />
You probably would like to install some themes too:<br />
# pacman -S gtk2-themes-collection<br />
<br />
Now run either 'swith2' or 'gtk2_prefs', depending on what you chose before and change the theme to your liking.<br />
<br />
Enjoy!</div>Feralerthttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Improve_GTK_Application_Looks&diff=22173Improve GTK Application Looks2007-03-25T11:17:09Z<p>Feralert: Edited to clarify the GTK2 text</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Eye candy (English)]]<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (English)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (English)]]<br />
<br />
If you sometimes use old GTK1 apps (like xmms), you probably know they don't look nice. This is because they use ugly default theme.<br />
To change it, you need to:<br />
# download and install some nice theme<br />
# change the theme<br />
<br />
Some nice themes are in [extra]. To install it:<br />
# pacman -S gtk-smooth-engine<br />
<br />
To change the theme you can use gtk-theme-switch:<br />
# pacman -S gtk-theme-switch<br />
<br />
then run it with 'switch' command. That's all. Isn't it better looking now? :)<br />
<br />
<br />
For GTK2 apps (Gaim, Firefox, etc...) you can do the same with 'gtk2-theme-switch' or 'gtk2_prefs' (which is the one i use and recommend). So once you have made your mind do:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gtk2-theme-switch<br />
or:<br />
# pacman -S gtk2_prefs<br />
<br />
You probably would like to install some themes too:<br />
# pacman -S gtk2-themes-collection-0<br />
<br />
Now run either 'swith2' or 'gtk2_prefs', depending on what you chose before and change the theme to your liking.<br />
<br />
Enjoy!</div>Feralerthttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Improve_GTK_Application_Looks&diff=22171Improve GTK Application Looks2007-03-25T11:02:17Z<p>Feralert: I added the howto for GTK2 apps, didnt touch the original article.</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Eye candy (English)]]<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (English)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (English)]]<br />
<br />
If you sometimes use old GTK1 apps (like xmms), you probably know they don't look nice. This is because they use ugly default theme.<br />
To change it, you need to:<br />
# download and install some nice theme<br />
# change the theme<br />
<br />
Some nice themes are in [extra]. To install it:<br />
# pacman -S gtk-smooth-engine<br />
<br />
To change the theme you can use gtk-theme-switch:<br />
# pacman -S gtk-theme-switch<br />
<br />
then run it with 'switch' command. That's all. Isn't it better looking now? :)<br />
<br />
<br />
For GTK2 apps (Gaim, Firefox, etc...) you can do the same with 'gtk2-theme-switch' or 'gtk2_prefs' (which is the one i use and recommend). So once you have made your mind do:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gtk2_prefs<br />
Or:<br />
# pacman -S gtk2-theme-switch<br />
<br />
You probably would like to install some themes too:<br />
# pacman -S gtk2-themes-collection-0<br />
<br />
Now run either 'gtk2_prefs' or 'swith2', depending on what you chose before and change the theme to your liking.<br />
<br />
Enjoy!</div>Feralert