https://wiki.archlinux.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Imagelife&feedformat=atomArchWiki - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T22:28:19ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.41.0https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=AUR_Cleanup_Day/2010&diff=76858AUR Cleanup Day/20102009-10-01T13:55:21Z<p>Imagelife: /* Package List */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''TU's are currently working through the list'''. You can still add packages but please check the whole page first.'''The TUs will not delete any useful package.'''<br />
<br />
<br />
The AUR has a large number of obsolete packages which could use cleaning up. Examples of packages that may be cleaned up are:<br />
*packages that have been renamed or replaced<br />
*old and unmaintained developmental (cvs/svn/etc) packages<br />
<br />
Post suggestions of packages on this pages. Trusted Users will get together and go though the list in a couple of weeks and confirm which packages should be removed.<br />
<br />
'''Please DO NOT REMOVE suggestions from the wiki page but add a comment on why it should be kept instead. Please list packages in alphabetical order!'''<br />
<br />
==Package List==<br />
'''Add new packages here''' - check for the package in the sorted lists below before adding<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=25457 binaire] - not maintained, broken links, dead project<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3113 bluez-hciemu] - doesnt work. no longer supported by upstream<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=1928 bmp-flac] - doesnt work anymore<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3855 bmp-scrobbler] - doesnt work anymore<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=22600 ccmalloc] - not maintained, broken links, dead project<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=5994 click] - not maintained, broken links, dead project<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=8042 eclipse-i18n-pack1] - not needed anymore (it's for old eclipse), broken source link<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=8041 eclipse-i18n-pack2] - not needed anymore (it's for old eclipse), broken source link<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=8044 eclipse-i18n-pack2a] - not needed anymore (it's for old eclipse), broken source link<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=8046 eclipse-i18n-packbidi] - not needed anymore (it's for old eclipse), broken source link<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21505 exo-svn] - xfce now uses git repository, so this package is deprecated, replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=30457 exo-git]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=28113 intel-dri-i965-big-textures] - apparently, this is not needed anymore (see comment)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=29383 kde3-freedesktop] - it's not a package, only two commands in "build"<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=24998 lib32-nvidia-utils-173.14.18-1] - same as [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=29043 lib32-nvidia-utils-173xx]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=29042 lib32-nvidia-utils-173.14.20-1] - same as [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=29043 lib32-nvidia-utils-173xx]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=12035 lib32-openssl] - duplicate from [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/community/x86_64/lib32-openssl/ community/lib32-openssl], shouldn't be in AUR according to [http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=471112#p471112 this].<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=13969 lib32-libxml2] - duplicate from community (x86_64), shouldn't be in AUR according to [http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=471112#p471112 this]; -- REMOVED<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=13222 lib32-libxcomposite] - duplicate from [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/community/x86_64/lib32-libxcomposite/ community/lib32-libxcomposite], shouldn't be in AUR according to [http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=471112#p471112 this].<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=6186 libsipphoneapi-oss] - very old, it seems not needed anymore<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=16117 libxfce4mcs-svn] - xfce now uses git repository, so this package is deprecated<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21506 libxfce4menu-svn] - see comment for libxfce4mcs-svn, replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=30476 libxfce4menu-git]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21507 libxfce4ui-svn] - see comment for libxfce4mcs-svn, replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=30477 libxfce4ui-git]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=16120 libxfce4util-svn] - see comment for libxfce4mcs-svn, replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=30465 libxfce4util-git]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=16116 libxfcegui4-svn] - see comment for libxfce4mcs-svn, replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=30493 libxfcegui4-git]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=24136 mbp-lcd-fix] - not needed anymore (see comment)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=25008 modsplit] - obsoleted (see comment), replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27622 haskell-modsplit]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=17786 mohws] - obsoleted (see comment), replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27473 haskell-mohws]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=10795 ndn-beta] - it's old beta version, broken source link<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=11640 netcdf-pre] - old beta version, replaced by [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?q=netcdf extra/netcdf]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=6232 nspluginwrapper-flash] - not needed anymore<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=12051 netscape-navigator] - closed-sources, end of support by netscape -- Does it still work? If so, no need to delete.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=12335 obtuner] - program isn't updated sice 2005, and it's "incompatible with the current openbox"<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=20585 openoffice-beta-ru] - language files for old beta<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=2782 openoffice-spell-cs] - apparently, this is not needed anymore (see comments by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=10610 Dragonlord], [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3409 julemand1-01-Nov-2008] and [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=6986 scarecrow])<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3409 openoffice-spell-da] - see comment for openoffice-spell-cs<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=6986 openoffice-spell-el] - see comment for openoffice-spell-cs<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=11705 openoffice-spell-et] - see comment for openoffice-spell-cs<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3811 openoffice-spell-fo] - see comment for openoffice-spell-cs<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=13332 openoffice-spell-id] - see comment for openoffice-spell-cs<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=11627 openoffice-spell-lv] - see comment for openoffice-spell-cs<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=10610 openoffice-spell-sl] - see comment for openoffice-spell-cs<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=29787 osdlyrics] - wrong software name,and it outdate, in aur there have a new package name [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=30489 osd-lyrics].<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=28843 parole-media-player-svn] - xfce now uses git repository, so this package is deprecated, replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=30492 parole-media-player-git]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=23040 perl-date-korean] - maintainer wrotes that it may be deleted<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=1340 pyevas] - dead project, broken links<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=4319 pynealpm] - use old libalpm<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=17812 qutim-svn] - was replace by qutim-core-svn; -- acvtively maintained, and qutim-core-svn was deleted, so this entry may be removed<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=26599 rubberband-include-fix] - not maintained, broken links<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=19242 sonata-disautocenter] - not needed anymore<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=17009 speex-beta] - old beta, replaced by [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?q=speex extra/speex]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=12451 sqcam-cvs] - depend on kernel26 and was not update since 1 year...<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=4567 stepmania-cvs-extras] - broken source links, same as [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=2613 stepmania-extras]; -- oh, it's still alive :)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=10592 systemc] - dead project, broken links<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=16126 thunar-svn] - xfce (and thunar) now uses git repository, so this package is deprecated, replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=30469 thunar-git]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27403 thunar-actions-plugin-svn] - see comment for thunar-svn, replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=30184 thunar-actions-plugin-git]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21509 thunar-archive-plugin-svn] - see comment for thunar-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21510 thunar-media-tags-plugin-svn] - see comment for thunar-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27451 thunar-svn-gio] - see comment for thunar-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27404 thunar-svn-plugin-svn] - see comment for thunar-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=23226 thunar-volman-svn] - see comment for thunar-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=13250 viceplus] - maintainer wrotes that it may be deleted (see comment)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27959 vim-xoria] - replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=28458 vim-xoria256]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=25651 web-gmui] - replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=29881 p2p-gui] (see the last [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=25651 comment] by said)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=23687 wine-w3fix] - replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27298 wine-wc] (see last comment)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21066 wine-war] - obsolete, and not maintained<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27444 wine-wc3] - replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27298 wine-wc] (see last comment)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=14786 wormulon] - dead project, broken links<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3461 ww2d-extra] - broken links, and there is no sources in other place<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21511 xfce-utils-svn] - xfce now uses git repository, so this package is deprecated<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21518 xfce4-appfinder-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21504 xfce4-dev-tools-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn, replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=30515 xfce4-dev-tools-git]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=14955 xfce4-genmon-plugin-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21512 xfce4-mixer-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27196 xfce4-notes-plugin-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=16123 xfce4-panel-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=24435 xfce4-perl-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=22061 xfce4-power-manager-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=28050 xfce4-sensors-plugin-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21513 xfce4-session-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21514 xfce4-settings-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=25077 xfce4-smartpm-plugin-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27197 xfce4-taskmanager-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27198 xfce4-weather-plugin-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21515 xfconf-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn, replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=30464 xfconf-git]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21516 xfdesktop-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=24553 xfprint-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21517 xfwm4-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=24554 xfwm4-themes-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=6904 xulrunner-thai] - too old to be useful, broken source link<br />
<br />
==TU Working Area==<br />
<br />
'''For editing by TUs only!''' The wiki has a history so do not think you can get away with ignoring this... --[[User:Allan|Allan]]<br />
<br />
===Packages to Remove===<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=11558 aldm] - not supported anymore<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=2944 al-mime] al-mime - doesnt work, not supported anymore -- maybe something for a wiki-page?<br />
* al-mime-data - doesnt work, not supported anymore -- maybe something for a wiki-page?<br />
<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=1926 fvwm-trans] last updated over 2 years ago and replaced with<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=7195 fvwm-patched] in AUR --[[User:pressh|pressh]] (I think one feature that is patched is in fvwm by default now, the other is in fvwm-patched too. If user does not want all the patched they can disable the ones they don't want from fvwm-patched)<br />
<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=16166 jacman] - Jacman doesn't work correctly with pacman3. --[[User:Partition|Partition]]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3157 kopete-dev] - terribly outdated. no longer needed -- deleted (stefanhusmann)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=10190 sharpmusique] - source is not available anymoreout this package -- [[User:angvp|angvp]] -- maybe it comes back again.<br />
<br />
In community:<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=271 gambas] - no package depends on it and uptream development seems stopped, also exists gambas2 on community -- [[User:Ornitorrincos|Ornitorrincos]]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=9102 lmctl] - replaced by lomoco --[[User:Allan|Allan]]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=8958 wildfire] - Replaced by openfire. --[[User:pressh|pressh]]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=9114 xchat-systray-integration] - Xchat is integrated with systray with<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=10190 sharpmusique] - source is not available anymoreout this package -- [[User:angvp|angvp]] -- maybe it comes back again.<br />
<br />
===Packages to Keep===<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=22824 bin32-wink] - pkgbuild writes in the filesystem -- should be corrected, not dropped<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3632 atmel-firmware] - no longer needed -- why?<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=7224 autoconf-compat] - too old to be useful -- it is for compiling old stuff, lets keep it, does not harm<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=7212 aur-install] - does this one still work and do we need it anyway? -- Seems to be actively maintained, no reason to delete.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3595 amsn-plugins-texim] - no longer exists -- it's here: [http://www.math.washington.edu/~kieroglu/] (StefanHusmann)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=24851 bin32-flashplayer-standalone] - not needed anymore -- Still useful, because there is no native standalone flash player from Adobe on x86_64 systems. Mightyjaym (maintener)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=12131 blastwave] - Dead projet, doesn't compile anymore. -- stefanhusmann: maybe only needs a maintainer.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=15634 btrfs] - newer version (0.15) available, released May 29th, 2008. -- So this package should maybe be orphaned, no obvious reason to delete it. [Edit: orphaning should be requested in the aur-general mailing list. Dragonlord]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=15635 btrfs-progs] - newer version (0.15) available, released May 29th, 2008. -- So this package should maybe be orphaned, no obvious reason to delete it.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=13080 cairo-wglitz] - not needed anymore -- needed by cairo-dock<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=8117 chocolate-doom-svn] - package is broken. cause of AUR -- it is maintained.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=19404 eclipse33] - not needed anymore -- No reason to delete, actively maintained StefanHusmann<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=14288 editobj2] - not needed anymore -- needed by songwrite2, I asked the maintainer to take it. (stefanhusmann)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=19779 empathy] - empathy is in extra -- empathy is orpaned in [testing], no package in extra (stefanhusmann)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=6042 fluxbox-styles-boxwhore] - boxwhore website is dead -- no, it seems to be down sometimes, but sometimes it works again. Package is maintained and has votes. (stefanhusmann)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3698 galeon] - doesn't compile (not even the latest version) -- seems to be actively maintained (stefanhusmann)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=8976 gdal] Contributor seems to be inactive. Newer version available so this package should maybe be orphaned, no obvious reason to delete it. NOTE : updated on sept 24 2008. -- in [community]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=18175 gltail] - apparently, this is not needed anymore (see comment) -- Should be rewritten, not dropped.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=6069 gnuserv] - Deprecated in emacs-22+ - Please do not delete : see [http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=383591#p383591] The package never belonged to GNU emacs.(stefanhusmann)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=5207 gshare] - The package didn't function for me with the latest gnome. Furthermore it looks like this project is dead (website is down, source is no longer available) -- it is in [community]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=23171 gvfs-smbfix] - smb browse fix in gvfs 1.2 -- actively maintained<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=7037 kanola] - probably dead project, didn't went past the 0.0.1 release since 2006 -- PKGBUILD is maintained and maintainer is active.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=13906 klibc-zen] - not needed anymore theres not even a kernel26zen. -- there is, but I orphand the package.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3689 ii-hg] - outdated, probably discontinued as the project website isn't available anymore (moved maybe?)<br />
** The project website is available at http://www.suckless.org/wiki/tools/irc/irc_it, so it's not dead. It only needs some changes to work again. --[[User:CuleX|CuleX]] -- actively maintained<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3429 lam 7.1.3-1] - Doesn't compile and is orphaned. The successor openmpi works. -- actively maintained<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=8926 lastfmsubmitd] - Way old. -- actively maintained in [community]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=7264 mencode] - outdated, tells aur is its homepage<br />
** The package is to install a perl script included in the AUR tarball so it doesn't really have a home page. So it could be kept if the script can still be useful or, at least, the script could be moved to the wiki if there is a page for scripts. --[[User:Snowman|Snowman]]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=11498 mpd-pausemode] - "Website" is orig. contributor's email addr.; orphaned by this contributor, so presumably no longer developed. -- no obvious need to delete<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=5408 mlame] - just a small bash script, no project page, could be moved to the wiki maybe -- actively maintained<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=11581 mouseemu] - Project not updated since 2006; xautomation also allows mouse emulation. -- package builds with little tweaking. <br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=14946 mplayer-w32codecs] - not duplicate package as has more codecs than the "codecs" package.<br />
** Should rename to "codecs-extra" and not provide same files as codecs package --[[User:Allan|Allan]]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=18601 netbeans-cpp_6.1-1] - not needed anymore -- seems to be maintained.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=17913 netbeans-ruby_6.1-1] - not needed anymore -- seems to be maintained.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=14291 ndiswrapper-zen] - not needed anymore. theres not even a kernel26zen.-- there is. Orphaned.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=13901 nvidia-96xx-zen] - not needed anymore. theres not even a kernel26zen..-- there is. Orphaned.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=13904 nvidia-beta-zen] - not needed anymore. theres not even a kernel26zen..-- there is. Orphaned.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=13903 nvidia-zen] - http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=13903 -- there isa zen kernel.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=12067 pidgimpd-svn] - This package is orphaned and it doesn't build. There is mpd support in musictracker. -- actively maintained.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=9338 qgis] contributor seems to be inactive. Newer version available so this package should maybe be orphaned, no obvious reason to delete it. -- package is in [community]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=7022 qgnokii] - depend on qt3 but still use depend=(qt) -- builds fine with a little patch in pkgrel 6<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=13908 truecrypt-zen] - not needed anymore. theres not even a kernel26zen..-- there is. Orphaned.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=2820 vim-colorschemes] - Mirror says 404, there is [http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=625 vim-colorsamplerpack] in [extra] -- It is actively maintained<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=15973 weather-wallpaper] - orphaned and references as dep non-existing pymetar -- It is actively maintained (by a TU)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=1325 xmlwrapp] no obvious reason to delete.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=25354 backintime-kde4] - made obsolete by other backintime version -- actively maintained<br />
<br />
==Remove from Filesystem==<br />
<br />
There are files on the AUR filesystem that have been created when poorly formed packages were uploaded. This is a secondary consideration.<br />
<br />
There are also directories in /packages/ for which the package no longer exists. These probably need to be removed as well. Examples are 4c, 1394commander and 8kingdoms. Also, all the packages that moved to community ALSO still exist there.<br />
<br />
List here files that are in directories of existing packages.<br />
<pre><br />
<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
This script will take care of packages that no longer exist.<br />
<pre><br />
#!/usr/bin/php<br />
<?php<br />
# Run this script by providing it with the top path of AUR.<br />
# In that path you should see a file lib/aur.inc<br />
#<br />
# This will remove files which belong to deleted packages.<br />
#<br />
# ex: php cleanup dev/aur/web<br />
#<br />
$dir = $argv[1];<br />
<br />
if (empty($dir)) {<br />
echo "Please specify AUR directory.\n";<br />
exit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
set_include_path(get_include_path() . PATH_SEPARATOR . "$dir/lib");<br />
include("config.inc");<br />
include("aur.inc");<br />
include("pkgfuncs.inc");<br />
<br />
exec('ls ' . INCOMING_DIR, $files);<br />
<br />
$count = 0;<br />
<br />
foreach ($files as $pkgname) {<br />
if (!package_exists($pkgname)) {<br />
echo 'Removing ' . INCOMING_DIR . "$pkgname\n";<br />
system('rm -r ' . INCOMING_DIR . $pkgname);<br />
$count++;<br />
}<br />
}<br />
<br />
echo "\nRemoved $count directories.\n";<br />
<br />
</pre></div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=AUR_Cleanup_Day/2010&diff=76857AUR Cleanup Day/20102009-10-01T13:53:05Z<p>Imagelife: /* Package List */ add osdlyrics</p>
<hr />
<div>'''TU's are currently working through the list'''. You can still add packages but please check the whole page first.'''The TUs will not delete any useful package.'''<br />
<br />
<br />
The AUR has a large number of obsolete packages which could use cleaning up. Examples of packages that may be cleaned up are:<br />
*packages that have been renamed or replaced<br />
*old and unmaintained developmental (cvs/svn/etc) packages<br />
<br />
Post suggestions of packages on this pages. Trusted Users will get together and go though the list in a couple of weeks and confirm which packages should be removed.<br />
<br />
'''Please DO NOT REMOVE suggestions from the wiki page but add a comment on why it should be kept instead. Please list packages in alphabetical order!'''<br />
<br />
==Package List==<br />
'''Add new packages here''' - check for the package in the sorted lists below before adding<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=25457 binaire] - not maintained, broken links, dead project<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3113 bluez-hciemu] - doesnt work. no longer supported by upstream<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=1928 bmp-flac] - doesnt work anymore<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3855 bmp-scrobbler] - doesnt work anymore<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=22600 ccmalloc] - not maintained, broken links, dead project<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=5994 click] - not maintained, broken links, dead project<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=8042 eclipse-i18n-pack1] - not needed anymore (it's for old eclipse), broken source link<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=8041 eclipse-i18n-pack2] - not needed anymore (it's for old eclipse), broken source link<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=8044 eclipse-i18n-pack2a] - not needed anymore (it's for old eclipse), broken source link<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=8046 eclipse-i18n-packbidi] - not needed anymore (it's for old eclipse), broken source link<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21505 exo-svn] - xfce now uses git repository, so this package is deprecated, replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=30457 exo-git]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=28113 intel-dri-i965-big-textures] - apparently, this is not needed anymore (see comment)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=29383 kde3-freedesktop] - it's not a package, only two commands in "build"<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=24998 lib32-nvidia-utils-173.14.18-1] - same as [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=29043 lib32-nvidia-utils-173xx]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=29042 lib32-nvidia-utils-173.14.20-1] - same as [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=29043 lib32-nvidia-utils-173xx]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=12035 lib32-openssl] - duplicate from [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/community/x86_64/lib32-openssl/ community/lib32-openssl], shouldn't be in AUR according to [http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=471112#p471112 this].<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=13969 lib32-libxml2] - duplicate from community (x86_64), shouldn't be in AUR according to [http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=471112#p471112 this]; -- REMOVED<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=13222 lib32-libxcomposite] - duplicate from [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/community/x86_64/lib32-libxcomposite/ community/lib32-libxcomposite], shouldn't be in AUR according to [http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=471112#p471112 this].<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=6186 libsipphoneapi-oss] - very old, it seems not needed anymore<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=16117 libxfce4mcs-svn] - xfce now uses git repository, so this package is deprecated<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21506 libxfce4menu-svn] - see comment for libxfce4mcs-svn, replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=30476 libxfce4menu-git]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21507 libxfce4ui-svn] - see comment for libxfce4mcs-svn, replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=30477 libxfce4ui-git]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=16120 libxfce4util-svn] - see comment for libxfce4mcs-svn, replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=30465 libxfce4util-git]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=16116 libxfcegui4-svn] - see comment for libxfce4mcs-svn, replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=30493 libxfcegui4-git]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=24136 mbp-lcd-fix] - not needed anymore (see comment)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=25008 modsplit] - obsoleted (see comment), replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27622 haskell-modsplit]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=17786 mohws] - obsoleted (see comment), replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27473 haskell-mohws]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=10795 ndn-beta] - it's old beta version, broken source link<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=11640 netcdf-pre] - old beta version, replaced by [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?q=netcdf extra/netcdf]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=6232 nspluginwrapper-flash] - not needed anymore<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=12051 netscape-navigator] - closed-sources, end of support by netscape -- Does it still work? If so, no need to delete.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=12335 obtuner] - program isn't updated sice 2005, and it's "incompatible with the current openbox"<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=20585 openoffice-beta-ru] - language files for old beta<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=2782 openoffice-spell-cs] - apparently, this is not needed anymore (see comments by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=10610 Dragonlord], [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3409 julemand1-01-Nov-2008] and [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=6986 scarecrow])<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3409 openoffice-spell-da] - see comment for openoffice-spell-cs<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=6986 openoffice-spell-el] - see comment for openoffice-spell-cs<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=11705 openoffice-spell-et] - see comment for openoffice-spell-cs<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3811 openoffice-spell-fo] - see comment for openoffice-spell-cs<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=13332 openoffice-spell-id] - see comment for openoffice-spell-cs<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=11627 openoffice-spell-lv] - see comment for openoffice-spell-cs<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=10610 openoffice-spell-sl] - see comment for openoffice-spell-cs<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=29787 osdlyrics] - wrong software name,and it outdate, in aur there have a package name [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=30489 osd-lyrics].<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=28843 parole-media-player-svn] - xfce now uses git repository, so this package is deprecated, replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=30492 parole-media-player-git]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=23040 perl-date-korean] - maintainer wrotes that it may be deleted<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=1340 pyevas] - dead project, broken links<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=4319 pynealpm] - use old libalpm<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=17812 qutim-svn] - was replace by qutim-core-svn; -- acvtively maintained, and qutim-core-svn was deleted, so this entry may be removed<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=26599 rubberband-include-fix] - not maintained, broken links<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=19242 sonata-disautocenter] - not needed anymore<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=17009 speex-beta] - old beta, replaced by [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?q=speex extra/speex]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=12451 sqcam-cvs] - depend on kernel26 and was not update since 1 year...<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=4567 stepmania-cvs-extras] - broken source links, same as [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=2613 stepmania-extras]; -- oh, it's still alive :)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=10592 systemc] - dead project, broken links<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=16126 thunar-svn] - xfce (and thunar) now uses git repository, so this package is deprecated, replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=30469 thunar-git]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27403 thunar-actions-plugin-svn] - see comment for thunar-svn, replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=30184 thunar-actions-plugin-git]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21509 thunar-archive-plugin-svn] - see comment for thunar-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21510 thunar-media-tags-plugin-svn] - see comment for thunar-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27451 thunar-svn-gio] - see comment for thunar-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27404 thunar-svn-plugin-svn] - see comment for thunar-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=23226 thunar-volman-svn] - see comment for thunar-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=13250 viceplus] - maintainer wrotes that it may be deleted (see comment)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27959 vim-xoria] - replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=28458 vim-xoria256]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=25651 web-gmui] - replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=29881 p2p-gui] (see the last [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=25651 comment] by said)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=23687 wine-w3fix] - replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27298 wine-wc] (see last comment)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21066 wine-war] - obsolete, and not maintained<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27444 wine-wc3] - replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27298 wine-wc] (see last comment)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=14786 wormulon] - dead project, broken links<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3461 ww2d-extra] - broken links, and there is no sources in other place<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21511 xfce-utils-svn] - xfce now uses git repository, so this package is deprecated<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21518 xfce4-appfinder-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21504 xfce4-dev-tools-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn, replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=30515 xfce4-dev-tools-git]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=14955 xfce4-genmon-plugin-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21512 xfce4-mixer-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27196 xfce4-notes-plugin-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=16123 xfce4-panel-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=24435 xfce4-perl-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=22061 xfce4-power-manager-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=28050 xfce4-sensors-plugin-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21513 xfce4-session-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21514 xfce4-settings-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=25077 xfce4-smartpm-plugin-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27197 xfce4-taskmanager-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=27198 xfce4-weather-plugin-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21515 xfconf-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn, replaced by [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=30464 xfconf-git]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21516 xfdesktop-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=24553 xfprint-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=21517 xfwm4-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=24554 xfwm4-themes-svn] - see comment for xfce-utils-svn<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=6904 xulrunner-thai] - too old to be useful, broken source link<br />
<br />
==TU Working Area==<br />
<br />
'''For editing by TUs only!''' The wiki has a history so do not think you can get away with ignoring this... --[[User:Allan|Allan]]<br />
<br />
===Packages to Remove===<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=11558 aldm] - not supported anymore<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=2944 al-mime] al-mime - doesnt work, not supported anymore -- maybe something for a wiki-page?<br />
* al-mime-data - doesnt work, not supported anymore -- maybe something for a wiki-page?<br />
<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=1926 fvwm-trans] last updated over 2 years ago and replaced with<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=7195 fvwm-patched] in AUR --[[User:pressh|pressh]] (I think one feature that is patched is in fvwm by default now, the other is in fvwm-patched too. If user does not want all the patched they can disable the ones they don't want from fvwm-patched)<br />
<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=16166 jacman] - Jacman doesn't work correctly with pacman3. --[[User:Partition|Partition]]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3157 kopete-dev] - terribly outdated. no longer needed -- deleted (stefanhusmann)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=10190 sharpmusique] - source is not available anymoreout this package -- [[User:angvp|angvp]] -- maybe it comes back again.<br />
<br />
In community:<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=271 gambas] - no package depends on it and uptream development seems stopped, also exists gambas2 on community -- [[User:Ornitorrincos|Ornitorrincos]]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=9102 lmctl] - replaced by lomoco --[[User:Allan|Allan]]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=8958 wildfire] - Replaced by openfire. --[[User:pressh|pressh]]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=9114 xchat-systray-integration] - Xchat is integrated with systray with<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=10190 sharpmusique] - source is not available anymoreout this package -- [[User:angvp|angvp]] -- maybe it comes back again.<br />
<br />
===Packages to Keep===<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=22824 bin32-wink] - pkgbuild writes in the filesystem -- should be corrected, not dropped<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3632 atmel-firmware] - no longer needed -- why?<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=7224 autoconf-compat] - too old to be useful -- it is for compiling old stuff, lets keep it, does not harm<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=7212 aur-install] - does this one still work and do we need it anyway? -- Seems to be actively maintained, no reason to delete.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3595 amsn-plugins-texim] - no longer exists -- it's here: [http://www.math.washington.edu/~kieroglu/] (StefanHusmann)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=24851 bin32-flashplayer-standalone] - not needed anymore -- Still useful, because there is no native standalone flash player from Adobe on x86_64 systems. Mightyjaym (maintener)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=12131 blastwave] - Dead projet, doesn't compile anymore. -- stefanhusmann: maybe only needs a maintainer.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=15634 btrfs] - newer version (0.15) available, released May 29th, 2008. -- So this package should maybe be orphaned, no obvious reason to delete it. [Edit: orphaning should be requested in the aur-general mailing list. Dragonlord]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=15635 btrfs-progs] - newer version (0.15) available, released May 29th, 2008. -- So this package should maybe be orphaned, no obvious reason to delete it.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=13080 cairo-wglitz] - not needed anymore -- needed by cairo-dock<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=8117 chocolate-doom-svn] - package is broken. cause of AUR -- it is maintained.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=19404 eclipse33] - not needed anymore -- No reason to delete, actively maintained StefanHusmann<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=14288 editobj2] - not needed anymore -- needed by songwrite2, I asked the maintainer to take it. (stefanhusmann)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=19779 empathy] - empathy is in extra -- empathy is orpaned in [testing], no package in extra (stefanhusmann)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=6042 fluxbox-styles-boxwhore] - boxwhore website is dead -- no, it seems to be down sometimes, but sometimes it works again. Package is maintained and has votes. (stefanhusmann)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3698 galeon] - doesn't compile (not even the latest version) -- seems to be actively maintained (stefanhusmann)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=8976 gdal] Contributor seems to be inactive. Newer version available so this package should maybe be orphaned, no obvious reason to delete it. NOTE : updated on sept 24 2008. -- in [community]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=18175 gltail] - apparently, this is not needed anymore (see comment) -- Should be rewritten, not dropped.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=6069 gnuserv] - Deprecated in emacs-22+ - Please do not delete : see [http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=383591#p383591] The package never belonged to GNU emacs.(stefanhusmann)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=5207 gshare] - The package didn't function for me with the latest gnome. Furthermore it looks like this project is dead (website is down, source is no longer available) -- it is in [community]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=23171 gvfs-smbfix] - smb browse fix in gvfs 1.2 -- actively maintained<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=7037 kanola] - probably dead project, didn't went past the 0.0.1 release since 2006 -- PKGBUILD is maintained and maintainer is active.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=13906 klibc-zen] - not needed anymore theres not even a kernel26zen. -- there is, but I orphand the package.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3689 ii-hg] - outdated, probably discontinued as the project website isn't available anymore (moved maybe?)<br />
** The project website is available at http://www.suckless.org/wiki/tools/irc/irc_it, so it's not dead. It only needs some changes to work again. --[[User:CuleX|CuleX]] -- actively maintained<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=3429 lam 7.1.3-1] - Doesn't compile and is orphaned. The successor openmpi works. -- actively maintained<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=8926 lastfmsubmitd] - Way old. -- actively maintained in [community]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=7264 mencode] - outdated, tells aur is its homepage<br />
** The package is to install a perl script included in the AUR tarball so it doesn't really have a home page. So it could be kept if the script can still be useful or, at least, the script could be moved to the wiki if there is a page for scripts. --[[User:Snowman|Snowman]]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=11498 mpd-pausemode] - "Website" is orig. contributor's email addr.; orphaned by this contributor, so presumably no longer developed. -- no obvious need to delete<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=5408 mlame] - just a small bash script, no project page, could be moved to the wiki maybe -- actively maintained<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=11581 mouseemu] - Project not updated since 2006; xautomation also allows mouse emulation. -- package builds with little tweaking. <br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=14946 mplayer-w32codecs] - not duplicate package as has more codecs than the "codecs" package.<br />
** Should rename to "codecs-extra" and not provide same files as codecs package --[[User:Allan|Allan]]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=18601 netbeans-cpp_6.1-1] - not needed anymore -- seems to be maintained.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=17913 netbeans-ruby_6.1-1] - not needed anymore -- seems to be maintained.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=14291 ndiswrapper-zen] - not needed anymore. theres not even a kernel26zen.-- there is. Orphaned.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=13901 nvidia-96xx-zen] - not needed anymore. theres not even a kernel26zen..-- there is. Orphaned.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=13904 nvidia-beta-zen] - not needed anymore. theres not even a kernel26zen..-- there is. Orphaned.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=13903 nvidia-zen] - http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=13903 -- there isa zen kernel.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=12067 pidgimpd-svn] - This package is orphaned and it doesn't build. There is mpd support in musictracker. -- actively maintained.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=9338 qgis] contributor seems to be inactive. Newer version available so this package should maybe be orphaned, no obvious reason to delete it. -- package is in [community]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=7022 qgnokii] - depend on qt3 but still use depend=(qt) -- builds fine with a little patch in pkgrel 6<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=13908 truecrypt-zen] - not needed anymore. theres not even a kernel26zen..-- there is. Orphaned.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=2820 vim-colorschemes] - Mirror says 404, there is [http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=625 vim-colorsamplerpack] in [extra] -- It is actively maintained<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=15973 weather-wallpaper] - orphaned and references as dep non-existing pymetar -- It is actively maintained (by a TU)<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=1325 xmlwrapp] no obvious reason to delete.<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=25354 backintime-kde4] - made obsolete by other backintime version -- actively maintained<br />
<br />
==Remove from Filesystem==<br />
<br />
There are files on the AUR filesystem that have been created when poorly formed packages were uploaded. This is a secondary consideration.<br />
<br />
There are also directories in /packages/ for which the package no longer exists. These probably need to be removed as well. Examples are 4c, 1394commander and 8kingdoms. Also, all the packages that moved to community ALSO still exist there.<br />
<br />
List here files that are in directories of existing packages.<br />
<pre><br />
<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
This script will take care of packages that no longer exist.<br />
<pre><br />
#!/usr/bin/php<br />
<?php<br />
# Run this script by providing it with the top path of AUR.<br />
# In that path you should see a file lib/aur.inc<br />
#<br />
# This will remove files which belong to deleted packages.<br />
#<br />
# ex: php cleanup dev/aur/web<br />
#<br />
$dir = $argv[1];<br />
<br />
if (empty($dir)) {<br />
echo "Please specify AUR directory.\n";<br />
exit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
set_include_path(get_include_path() . PATH_SEPARATOR . "$dir/lib");<br />
include("config.inc");<br />
include("aur.inc");<br />
include("pkgfuncs.inc");<br />
<br />
exec('ls ' . INCOMING_DIR, $files);<br />
<br />
$count = 0;<br />
<br />
foreach ($files as $pkgname) {<br />
if (!package_exists($pkgname)) {<br />
echo 'Removing ' . INCOMING_DIR . "$pkgname\n";<br />
system('rm -r ' . INCOMING_DIR . $pkgname);<br />
$count++;<br />
}<br />
}<br />
<br />
echo "\nRemoved $count directories.\n";<br />
<br />
</pre></div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Mirrors_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=66892Mirrors (简体中文)2009-04-15T15:47:32Z<p>Imagelife: /* 中国镜像 */ 添加163源</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:软件包管理|jx]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (简体中文)|jx]]<br />
[[Category:简体中文]]<br />
<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|:Mirrors}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|:Arch镜像 (简体中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
<br />
== 启用您喜爱的镜像 ==<br />
<br />
pacman默认的core仓库配置如下:<br />
<br />
[core]<br />
Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist<br />
<br />
如果你想使用一个欧洲镜像作为默认镜像,只需将它添加到<tt>Include</tt>行前:<br />
<br />
[core]<br />
Server = <nowiki>ftp://ftp.hosteurope.de/mirror/ftp.archlinux.org/core/os/i686</nowiki><br />
Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist<br />
<br><br />
'''edit:''' The release of pacman 3.1 introduced the /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist with the variable $repo, no need to maintain separate list for each repository.<br />
<br />
Pacman will now try to connect to this mirror first. You can do the same for ''testing'', ''extra'', ''community'' and ''unstable''.<br />
<br />
'''Use the same mirror for all repositories. Otherwise packages may get installed that are incompatible to each other (like kernel26 from ''core'' and another (older) kernel module from ''extra'').'''<br />
<br />
== 官方镜像 ==<br />
<br />
This is a list of all known Arch Linux mirrors, that's more up to date than the [http://www.archlinux.org/download/ official download page] or the [http://cvs.archlinux.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/base/pacman/ files in <tt>/etc/pacman.d/</tt>]. If you know of a mirror that is not listed, please add it. Mirrors which are no longer updated or have been unavailable for a long time can be deleted.<br />
<br />
Here is a hint to check just how up-to-date your chosen mirror is:<br />
# pick a server and browse to "extra/os/"<br />
# load [http://www.archlinux.org/ archlinux.org] in another tab or window<br />
# compare the last-modified date of the "i686" directory on the mirror to the "Extra" date on the homepage, in the "Package Repositories" box to the right.<br />
<br><br />
Many sites also provide http service, but keep in mind that pacman relies on ftp to determine if a repository got updated. With http it fetches the repository database each time you run <tt>pacman -Sy</tt>, even if it didn't change since the last run.<br />
<br />
[http://users.archlinux.de/~gerbra/mirrorcheck.html This website] provides updates on the current status of the Arch mirrors and how up to date they are.<br />
<br />
'''Attention: Do not add new mirrors to the list below. If you want your mirror to be added to official list - file a feature request. In the meantime add it to the "Unofficial mirrors" list at the end of this page.'''<br />
<br />
=== 澳大利亚 ===<br />
*ftp://mirror.pacific.net.au/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.pacific.net.au/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mirror.pacific.net.au/linux/archlinux/]</sub><br />
*ftp://mirror.aarnet.edu.au/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.aarnet.edu.au/pub/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mirror.aarnet.au/pub/archlinux/]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 奥地利 ===<br />
*ftp://gd.tuwien.ac.at/opsys/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://gd.tuwien.ac.at/opsys/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 比利时 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/archlinux.org/ <sub>[http://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/archlinux.org/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 巴西 ===<br />
*ftp://archlinux.c3sl.ufpr.br/archlinux/ <sub>[http://archlinux.c3sl.ufpr.br/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.las.ic.unicamp.br/pub/archlinux <sub>[http://www.las.ic.unicamp.br/pub/archlinux http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://rsync.las.ic.unicamp.br/archlinux rsync]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 加拿大 ===<br />
*ftp://mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 捷克 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.sh.cvut.cz/MIRRORS/arch/ <sub>[http://ftp.sh.cvut.cz/MIRRORS/arch/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 爱沙尼亚 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.estpak.ee/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.estpak.ee/pub/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 法国 ===<br />
*ftp://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
*ftp://mir1.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux <sub>[http://mir1.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mir1.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux rsync]</sub><br />
*ftp://mir2.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux <sub>[http://mir2.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mir2.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux rsync]</sub><br />
*http://mir.archlinux.fr/<br />
*ftp://ftp.free.fr/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/<br />
*ftp://ftp.rez-gif.supelec.fr/Linux/archlinux/<br />
=== 德国 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp5.gwdg.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp5.gwdg.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://ftp5.gwdg.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.hosteurope.de/mirror/ftp.archlinux.org/ <sub>[http://ftp.hosteurope.de/mirror/ftp.archlinux.org/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.tu-chemnitz.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.tu-chemnitz.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.archlinuxppc.org/i686/<br />
*ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync: ftp.uni-kl.de::pub/linux/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.uni-bayreuth.de/pub/linux/archlinux <sub>[http://ftp.uni-bayreuth.de/linux/archlinux http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://rsync.uni-bayreuth.de/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 英国 ===<br />
*http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/ftp.archlinux.org/<br />
*ftp://mirrors.uk2.net/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://archlinux.mirrors.uk2.net/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 希腊 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.ntua.gr/pub/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.ntua.gr/pub/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 匈牙利 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.mfa.kfki.hu/pub/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/<br />
<br />
=== 爱尔兰 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/ <sub>[http://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 以色列 ===<br />
*http://mirror.isoc.org.il/pub/archlinux/<br />
<br />
=== 意大利 ===<br />
*ftp://mi.mirror.garr.it/mirrors/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mi.mirror.garr.it/mirrors/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 荷兰 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/metalab/distributions/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/metalab/distributions/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.surfnet.nl/pub/os/Linux/distr/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.surfnet.nl/pub/os/Linux/distr/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 挪威 ===<br />
*http://arch.likbilen.com/ (rsync 可用)<br />
<br />
=== 波兰 ===<br />
*ftp://mirror.icis.pcz.pl/archlinux/<br />
*ftp://ftp.piotrkosoft.net/pub/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/ [http://piotrkosoft.net/pub/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/ http]<br />
*http://unix.net.pl/archlinux.org/<br />
<br />
=== 葡萄牙 ===<br />
*ftp://cesium.di.uminho.pt/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://cesium.di.uminho.pt/pub/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 罗马尼亚 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.iasi.roedu.net/mirrors/archlinux.org/ <sub>[http://ftp.iasi.roedu.net/mirrors/archlinux.org/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 俄罗斯 ===<br />
*ftp://mirror.yandex.ru/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.yandex.ru/archlinux/ http]</sub> (rsync 可用)<br />
*http://archlinux.freeside.ru/<br />
<br />
=== 瑞典 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.ds.hj.se/pub/os/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.ds.hj.se/pub/os/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.gigabit.nu/ <sub>[http://ftp.gigabit.nu/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 瑞士 ===<br />
*ftp://archlinux.puzzle.ch/ <sub>[http://archlinux.puzzle.ch/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 土耳其 ===<br />
*http://server.elsistech.com/archlinux/<br />
<br />
=== 乌克兰 ===<br />
*ftp://hell.org.ua/archlinux/ (rsync 可用)<br />
*ftp://ftp.linux.kiev.ua/pub/Linux/ArchLinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.linux.kiev.ua/pub/Linux/ArchLinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 美国 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.archlinux.org/<br />
*ftp://locke.suu.edu/linux/dist/archlinux/<br />
*http://archlinux.unixheads.org/<br />
*ftp://mirrors.easynews.com/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirrors.easynews.com/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.gtlib.gatech.edu/pub/linux/distributions/archlinux/ [http://www.gtlib.gatech.edu/pub/linux/distributions/archlinux/ http]<br />
*ftp://mirror.cs.vt.edu/pub/ArchLinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.cs.vt.edu/pub/ArchLinux/ http]</sub> (rsync 可用)<br />
*ftp://ibiblio.org/pub/linux/distributions/archlinux/ <sub>[http://distro.ibiblio.org/pub/linux/distributions/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
*http://holmes.umflint.edu/archlinux/<br />
*http://mirror.neotuli.net/<br />
*ftp://mirror.rit.edu/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.rit.edu/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mirror.rit.edu/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
* http://schlunix.org/archlinux/<br />
* http://mirror.umoss.org/archlinux/ <sub>[rsync://mirror.umoss.org/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 越南 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.indochinalinux.com/archlinux/ (DNS 经常出问题,IP 是 202.78.230.5)<br />
<br />
== 中国镜像 ==<br />
# 电信<br />
#* http://mirrors.lcuc.org.cn/archlinux/<br />
#* http://mirror.lupaworld.com/archlinux/<br />
#* http://public.gooth.cn/archlinux/ (仅包含i686架构)<br />
#* http://mirrors.163.com/archlinux/archlinux/<br />
# 网通<br />
#* ftp://xde.gooth.cn/<br />
# 台湾<br />
#* ftp://cle.linux.org.tw/pub/ArchLinux/ (没有''testing''和''unstable'',以及iso)<br />
# 教育网<br />
#* http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/pub/mirror2/www.archlinux.org/<br />
#* http://[2001:da8:200:900e:0:5efe:a66f:4482]/archlinux/www.archlinux.org/ http://program.net9.org/archlinux/www.archlinux.org/<br />
<br />
== 非官方镜像 ==<br />
'''These mirrors are not listed in <code>/etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist</code>.'''<br />
<br />
# 全球<br />
*http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/archlinux/ ( Doesn't have recent ISO releases. Use it only if for some reason you want to use an older ISO. )<br />
<br />
# 澳大利亚<br />
*ftp://mirror.internode.on.net/pub/archlinux/<br />
<sub>[http://mirror.internode.on.net/pub/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
# 马来西亚<br />
*http://oss.mmu.edu.my/distro/arch (ISOs only)<br />
*http://mirror.oscc.org.my/archlinux/<br />
<br />
# 挪威<br />
*ftp://jane.tihlde.org/pub/archlinux/<br />
<sub>[http://jane.tihlde.org/pub/archlinux/ http] </sub><br />
*http://power.klette.us/mirror/<br />
# 波兰<br />
*ftp://ftp.icm.edu.pl/pub/Linux/sunsite/distributions/archlinux/<br />
[http://ftp.icm.edu.pl/pub/Linux/sunsite/distributions/archlinux/ http] - up-to-date, but no Core repository<br />
<br />
# 美国<br />
*ftp://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/archlinux/<br />
<sub>[http://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/archlinux/ http]</sub> (i686 only - ''current'' and ''extra'') - outdated<br />
*http://mirror.umoss.org/archlinux/ <br />
<br />
== IPv6 镜像 ==<br />
*http://power.klette.us/mirror/ (挪威)<br />
*niue.belnet.be (比利时)<br />
*ftp.estpak.ee (爱沙尼亚)<br />
*patroklos.noc.ntua.gr (希腊)<br />
*ftp.heanet.ie (爱尔兰)<br />
*ftp.nluug.nl (荷兰)<br />
*ftp.surfnet.nl (荷兰)<br />
*ftp.sixnix.net/ftp6.sixnix.net (芬兰) - dead<br />
<br />
== Rsync 镜像 ==<br />
* 中国<br />
# rsync://archlinux.gooth.cn/archlinux<br />
<br />
* 美国<br />
# rsync://mirror.umoss.org/archlinux/ (全镜像,对学术机构不限流量)<br />
# rsync://mirror.rit.edu/archlinux/<br />
# rsync://mirror.umoss.org/archlinux/<br />
<br />
澳大利亚 <br />
# rsync://mirror.pacific.net.au/linux/archlinux/<br />
# rsync://mirror.aarnet.au/pub/archlinux/<br />
# rsync://mirror.internode.on.net/pub/archlinux/<br />
* 巴西<br />
# rsync://rsync.las.ic.unicamp.br/archlinux/<br />
* 加拿大<br />
# rsync://mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/archlinux/<br />
* 法国<br />
# rsync://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/archlinux/<br />
# rsync://mir1.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux<br />
# rsync://mir2.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux<br />
* 德国<br />
# rsync://ftp5.gwdg.de/pub/linux/archlinux/<br />
# rsync: ftp.uni-kl.de::pub/linux/archlinux/<br />
# rsync://rsync.uni-bayreuth.de/archlinux/<br />
* 俄罗斯<br />
rsync://mirror.yandex.ru/archlinux/<br />
* 乌克兰<br />
# rsync://hell.org.ua/archlinux/<br />
* 挪威<br />
# rsync://jane.tihlde.org/pub/archlinux/</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Mirrors&diff=66891Mirrors2009-04-15T15:44:20Z<p>Imagelife: /* China */ add China 163 mirror</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Package management (English)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (English)]]<br />
<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|:Mirrors}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|:Arch镜像 (简体中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
== Enabling your favorite mirror ==<br />
<br />
The default pacman configuration (/etc/pacman.conf) for ''core'' looks like this:<br />
<br />
[core]<br />
Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist<br />
<br />
If you want to use the HostEurope mirror as your default mirror, just add it before the <tt>Include</tt> line:<br />
<br />
[core]<br />
Server = <nowiki>ftp://ftp.hosteurope.de/mirror/ftp.archlinux.org/core/os/i686</nowiki><br />
Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist<br />
<br><br />
'''edit:''' The release of pacman 3.1 introduced the /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist with the variable $repo, no need to maintain separate list for each repository.<br />
<br />
Pacman will now try to connect to this mirror first. You can do the same for ''testing'', ''extra'', and ''community'''.<br />
<br />
'''Use the same mirror for all repositories. Otherwise packages may get installed that are incompatible to each other (like kernel26 from ''core'' and another (older) kernel module from ''extra'').'''<br />
<br />
== Mirror List ==<br />
<br />
This is a list of all known Arch Linux mirrors, that's more up to date than the [http://www.archlinux.org/download/ official download page] or the [http://cvs.archlinux.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/base/pacman/ files in <tt>/etc/pacman.d/</tt>]. If you know of a mirror that is not listed, please add it. Mirrors which are no longer updated or have been unavailable for a long time can be deleted.<br />
<br />
Here is a hint to check just how up-to-date your chosen mirror is:<br />
# pick a server and browse to "extra/os/"<br />
# load http://www.archlinux.org/ in another tab or window<br />
# compare the last-modified date of the "i686" directory on the mirror to the "Extra" date on the homepage, in the "Package Repositories" box to the right.<br />
<br><br />
Many sites also provide http service, but keep in mind that pacman relies on ftp to determine if a repository got updated. With http it fetches the repository database each time you run <tt>pacman -Sy</tt>, even if it didn't change since the last run.<br />
<br />
[http://users.archlinux.de/~gerbra/mirrorcheck.html This website] provides updates on the current status of the Arch mirrors and how up to date they are.<br />
<br />
'''Attention: Do not add new mirrors to the list below. If you want your mirror to be added to official list - file a feature request. In the meantime add it to the "Unofficial mirrors" list at the end of this page.'''<br />
<br />
=== Australia ===<br />
*ftp://mirror.pacific.net.au/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.pacific.net.au/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mirror.pacific.net.au/linux/archlinux/]</sub><br />
*ftp://mirror.aarnet.edu.au/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.aarnet.edu.au/pub/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mirror.aarnet.au/pub/archlinux/]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.iinet.net.au/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.iinet.net.au/pub/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://ftp.iinet.net.au/archlinux/]</sub><br />
*http://mirror.internode.on.net/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[rsync://mirror.internode.on.net/pub/archlinux/]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Austria ===<br />
*ftp://gd.tuwien.ac.at/opsys/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://gd.tuwien.ac.at/opsys/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Belgium ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/archlinux.org/ <sub>[http://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/archlinux.org/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Brazil ===<br />
*ftp://archlinux.c3sl.ufpr.br/archlinux/ <sub>[http://archlinux.c3sl.ufpr.br/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://archlinux.c3sl.ufpr.br/archlinux rsync]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.las.ic.unicamp.br/pub/archlinux <sub>[http://www.las.ic.unicamp.br/pub/archlinux http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://rsync.las.ic.unicamp.br/pub/archlinux rsync]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Canada ===<br />
*ftp://mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
*ftp://mirrors.portafixe.com/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirrors.portafixe.com/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Czech Republic ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.sh.cvut.cz/MIRRORS/arch/ <sub>[http://ftp.sh.cvut.cz/MIRRORS/arch/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Denmark ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.klid.dk/archlinux/<br />
<br />
=== Estonia ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.estpak.ee/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.estpak.ee/pub/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== France ===<br />
*ftp://mir1.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux <sub>[http://mir1.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mir1.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux rsync]</sub><br />
*ftp://mir2.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux <sub>[http://mir2.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mir2.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux rsync]</sub><br />
*ftp://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
*http://mir.archlinux.fr/<br />
*ftp://ftp.free.fr/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/<br />
*ftp://ftp.rez-gif.supelec.fr/Linux/archlinux/<br />
<br />
=== Germany ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.hosteurope.de/mirror/ftp.archlinux.org/ <sub>[http://ftp.hosteurope.de/mirror/ftp.archlinux.org/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp5.gwdg.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp5.gwdg.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://ftp5.gwdg.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.uni-bayreuth.de/pub/linux/archlinux <sub>[http://ftp.uni-bayreuth.de/linux/archlinux http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://rsync.uni-bayreuth.de/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.archlinuxppc.org/i686/<br />
*ftp://ftp.tu-chemnitz.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.tu-chemnitz.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync: ftp.uni-kl.de::pub/linux/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
*http://mirrors.igprolin-online.org/pub/archlinux<br />
*ftp://ftp-stud.hs-esslingen.de/pub/Mirrors/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp-stud.hs-esslingen.de/pub/Mirrors/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://ftp-stud.hs-esslingen.de/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Great Britain ===<br />
*http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/ftp.archlinux.org/<br />
*ftp://mirrors.uk2.net/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://archlinux.mirrors.uk2.net/ http]</sub><br />
*http://mirror.lividpenguin.com/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[ftp://mirror.lividpenguin.com/pub/archlinux/ ftp]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Greece ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.ntua.gr/pub/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.ntua.gr/pub/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Hungary ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.mfa.kfki.hu/pub/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/<br />
<br />
=== Ireland ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/ <sub>[http://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Indonesia ===<br />
*ftp://archlinux.cbn.net.id/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://archlinux.cbn.net.id/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Israel ===<br />
*http://mirror.isoc.org.il/pub/archlinux/<br />
<br />
=== Italy ===<br />
*ftp://mi.mirror.garr.it/mirrors/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mi.mirror.garr.it/mirrors/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Lithuania ===<br />
*ftp://atviras.lt/archmirror/ <sub>[http://atviras.lt/archmirror/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Netherlands ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/metalab/distributions/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/metalab/distributions/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.surfnet.nl/pub/os/Linux/distr/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.surfnet.nl/pub/os/Linux/distr/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Norway ===<br />
*http://mirror.archlinux.no/ <sub>[ftp://mirror.archlinux.no/ ftp]</sub>(rsync available)<br />
<br />
=== Poland ===<br />
*ftp://mirror.icis.pcz.pl/archlinux/<br />
*ftp://ftp.piotrkosoft.net/pub/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/ [http://piotrkosoft.net/pub/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/ http]<br />
*http://unix.net.pl/archlinux.org/<br />
<br />
=== Portugal ===<br />
*ftp://cesium.di.uminho.pt/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://cesium.di.uminho.pt/pub/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://darkstar.ist.utl.pt/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://darkstar.ist.utl.pt/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.nux.ipb.pt/pub/dists/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.nux.ipb.pt/pub/dists/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Romania ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.iasi.roedu.net/mirrors/archlinux.org/ <sub>[http://ftp.iasi.roedu.net/mirrors/archlinux.org/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Russia ===<br />
*ftp://mirror.yandex.ru/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.yandex.ru/archlinux/ http]</sub> (rsync available)<br />
*http://archlinux.freeside.ru/<br />
<br />
=== Sweden ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.ds.hj.se/pub/os/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.ds.hj.se/pub/os/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.gigabit.nu/ <sub>[http://ftp.gigabit.nu/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Switzerland ===<br />
*ftp://archlinux.puzzle.ch/ <sub>[http://archlinux.puzzle.ch/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Taiwan ===<br />
* ftp://cle.linux.org.tw/pub/ArchLinux/ (no ''testing'', no new isos)<br />
<br />
=== Turkey ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.linux.org.tr/pub/archlinux/<br />
*http://server.elsistech.com/archlinux/<br />
<br />
=== Ukraine ===<br />
*ftp://archlinux.hell.org.ua/archlinux/ <sub>[http://archlinux.hell.org.ua/archlinux http]</sub>(rsync available)<br />
*ftp://ftp.linux.kiev.ua/pub/Linux/ArchLinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.linux.kiev.ua/pub/Linux/ArchLinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== United States ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.archlinux.org/<br />
*ftp://locke.suu.edu/linux/dist/archlinux/<br />
*http://archlinux.unixheads.org/<br />
*ftp://ftp.gtlib.gatech.edu/pub/linux/distributions/archlinux/ [http://www.gtlib.gatech.edu/pub/linux/distributions/archlinux/ http]<br />
*ftp://mirror.cs.vt.edu/pub/ArchLinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.cs.vt.edu/pub/ArchLinux/ http]</sub> (rsync available)<br />
*ftp://mirrors.easynews.com/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirrors.easynews.com/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ibiblio.org/pub/linux/distributions/archlinux/ <sub>[http://distro.ibiblio.org/pub/linux/distributions/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
*http://archlinux.umflint.edu/<br />
*http://mirror.neotuli.net/<br />
*ftp://mirror.rit.edu/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.rit.edu/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mirror.rit.edu/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
* http://schlunix.org/archlinux/<br />
* http://mirror.umoss.org/archlinux/ <sub>[rsync://mirror.umoss.org/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
* http://mirror.archlinux.com.ve/<br />
* http://mirrors.gigenet.com/archlinux/<br />
<br />
=== Venezuela ===<br />
* http://mirror2.archlinux.com.ve/<br />
<br />
=== Vietnam ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.indochinalinux.com/archlinux/ (frequent DNS problems, IP is 202.78.230.5)<br />
<br />
== Unofficial mirrors ==<br />
'''These mirrors are not listed in <code>/etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist</code>.'''<br />
<br />
=== Global ===<br />
* http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/archlinux/ ( Doesn't have recent ISO releases. Use it only if for some reason you want to use an older ISO. )<br />
<br />
=== Australia ===<br />
*http://mirror.optus.com.au/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.optus.com.au/pub/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mirror.optus.com.au/pub/archlinux/]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Bulgaria ===<br />
* http://archlinux.igor.onlinedirect.bg/ <sub>[http://archlinux.igor.onlinedirect.bg http]</sub><br />
* ftp://archlinux.igor.onlinedirect.bg/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://archlinux.igor.onlinedirect.bg http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== China ===<br />
* http://mirrors.lcuc.org.cn/archlinux/<br />
* http://mirror.lupaworld.com/archlinux/<br />
* http://public.gooth.cn/archlinux/ (only include i686)<br />
* http://mirrors.163.com/archlinux/archlinux/<br />
<br />
=== Germany ===<br />
* http://arch.uplinkzero.com/<br />
* ftp://ftp.uni-erlangen.de/mirrors/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.uni-erlangen.de/mirrors/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Great Britain ===<br />
* ftp://mirror.lividpenguin.com/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.lividpenguin.com/pub/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Lithuania ===<br />
* ftp://atviras.lt/archmirror/ <sub>[http://atviras.lt/archmirror/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Malaysia ===<br />
* http://oss.mmu.edu.my/pub/distro/arch (ISOs only)<br />
* http://mirror.oscc.org.my/archlinux/<br />
<br />
=== New Caledonia ===<br />
* ftp://archlinux.nautile.nc/archlinux/ <sub>[http://archlinux.nautile.nc/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://archlinux.nautile.nc/archlinux/ rsync]</sub> (no ISO image)<br />
<br />
=== Norway ===<br />
* http://power.klette.us/mirror/<br />
<br />
=== Poland ===<br />
* ftp://ftp.icm.edu.pl/pub/Linux/sunsite/distributions/archlinux/ [http://ftp.icm.edu.pl/pub/Linux/sunsite/distributions/archlinux/ http] - up-to-date, but no Core repository<br />
<br />
=== South Africa ===<br />
<br />
* http://archlinux.mirror.ac.za/ TENET Mirror<br />
* ftp://archlinux.mirror.ac.za/<br />
* http://ftp.sun.ac.za/ftp/pub/mirrors/archlinux/ Stellenbosch University<br />
* ftp://ftp.sun.ac.za/pub/mirrors/archlinux/<br />
* http://ftp.leg.uct.ac.za/pub/linux/arch/ University of Cape Town<br />
* ftp://ftp.leg.uct.ac.za/pub/linux/arch/<br />
<br />
=== Spain ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.udc.es/mirror/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.udc.es/mirror/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://ftp.udc.es/mirror/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
<br />
=== United States ===<br />
* http://archlinux.linuxfreedom.com Contains all the ISO images<br />
* ftp://mirrors.acm.jhu.edu/arch/ <sub>[http://mirrors.acm.jhu.edu/arch http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mirrors.acm.jhu.edu/arch rsync]</sub><br />
* ftp://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/archlinux/ http]</sub> (i686 only - ''current'' and ''extra'') - outdated<br />
<br />
== IPv6-ready mirrors ==<br />
*http://power.klette.us/mirror/ (Norway)<br />
*http://arch.iskrembilen.com/ (Norway, rsync available)<br />
*niue.belnet.be (Belgium)<br />
*ftp.estpak.ee (Estonia)<br />
*patroklos.noc.ntua.gr (Greece)<br />
*ftp.heanet.ie (Ireland)<br />
*ftp.nluug.nl (Netherlands)<br />
*ftp.surfnet.nl (Netherlands)<br />
*ftp.sixnix.net/ftp6.sixnix.net (Finland) - dead</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Oracle_Database_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=65005Oracle Database (简体中文)2009-03-14T04:57:29Z<p>Imagelife: /* 为普通用户设定权限 */</p>
<hr />
<div>===介绍===<br />
----<br />
<br />
这份文档将会帮助您把Oracle数据库11gR1安装到Arch Linux。使用安装方法2,您可以仅仅通过几个步骤完成长时间的安装过程。<br />
<br />
==安装方法1 - 手动==<br />
<br />
这节将会引导您在全新的archlinux上安装Oracle。这是一个通用的方法,在内核2.6.28.ARCH 64位机器上安装Oracle 11g R1 64<br />
位测试通过。'''''这在其他版本的Orale上也应该可以工作'''''。<br />
<br />
===准备安装===<br />
<br />
===安装桌面环境===<br />
# pacman -Syu<br />
# pacman -S python<br />
# pacman -U ftp://ftp.berlios.de/pub/aurbuild/aurbuild-1.8.4-1-any.pkg.tar.gz<br />
<br />
安装并测试Xorg。<br />
# pacman -S xorg<br />
# pacman -S hwd<br />
<br />
尽管从Xorg 7.4后,xorg.conf 不再需要。这命令是可选的。<br />
# hwd -x<br />
# cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf.vesa /etc/X11/xorg.conf<br />
<br />
使用<tt>startx</tt>检查(Should get mouse movement with X cursor - Ctrl-Alt-Backspace to exit.)<br />
$ startx<br />
<br />
安装桌面环境,Gnome,KDE 或 Xfce。这个例子假设Xfce4将被安装:<br />
# pacman -S xfce4<br />
# pacman -S pcmanfm<br />
<br />
运行 xfce:<br />
$ startxfce4 <br />
<br />
====安装Oracle数据库必需的软件包====<br />
<br />
Arch i686:<br />
*base-devel<br />
*java-runtime (openjdk6 or jre jdk)<br />
*ksh, rpm, gawk, gdb, libaio, libelf, sysstat, unixodbc, libstdc++5<br />
*unzip, sudo<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
*base-devel<br />
*java-runtime (openjdk6 or jre jdk)<br />
*ksh, rpm, gawk, gdb, libaio, libelf, sysstat, libstdc++5<br />
*unzip, sudo<br />
<br />
安装软件包:<br />
# pacman -S unzip sudo java-runtime base-devel<br />
<br />
安装ksh (problem with aurbuild -s ksh).<br />
mkdir -p ABS/ksh<br />
cd ABS/ksh<br />
chmod 777 -R /software<br />
wget --http-user "I accept www.opensource.org/licenses/cpl" --http-password "." http://www.research.att.com/~gsf/download/tgz/INIT.2008-11-04.tgz<br />
wget --http-user "I accept www.opensource.org/licenses/cpl" --http-password "." http://www.research.att.com/~gsf/download/tgz/ast-ksh.2008-11-04.tgz<br />
wget http://aur.archlinux.org/packages/ksh/ksh/PKGBUILD<br />
wget http://aur.archlinux.org/packages/ksh/ksh/ksh.install<br />
makepkg -c --asroot<br />
makepkg -i --asroot<br />
<br />
pacman -S icu<br />
aurbuild -s beecrypt<br />
aurbuild -s rpm<br />
pacman -S gawk<br />
pacman -S gdb<br />
aurbuild -s libaio<br />
pacman -S libelf<br />
pacman -S sysstat<br />
pacman -S libstdc++5<br />
<br />
Oracle32位数据库需要unixodbc。<br />
# pacman -S unixodbc<br />
<br />
可选的lib32 软件包 x86_64: <br />
# pacman -S lib32-libstdc++5 <br />
# pacman -S lib32-glibc <br />
# pacman -S lib32-gcc-libs<br />
<br />
Oracle数据库需要32位的libaio和unixodbc在x86_64上,但在32位上是不必要的。 <br />
<br />
Oracle Universal Installer需要的一些软链接。<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/rpm /bin/rpm<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/ksh /bin/ksh<br />
# ln -s /bin/awk /usr/bin/awk<br />
# ln -s /bin/tr /usr/bin/tr<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/basename /bin/basename<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
# ln -s /usr/lib /usr/lib64<br />
<br />
====配置====<br />
<br />
为Orcale数据库创建用户和组:<br />
# groupadd oinstall<br />
# groupadd dba<br />
# useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle<br />
<br />
为用户oracle设置密码:<br />
# passwd oracle<br />
<br />
可选: Add oracle to the {{Filename|sshd_config}} file.<br />
# pacman -S openssh<br />
Add this line to {{Filename|/etc/ssh/sshd_config}}:<br />
AllowUsers oracle<br />
<br />
Add oracle to {{Filename|/etc/sudoers}}. This will give oracle super user privilege.<br />
oracle ALL=(ALL) ALL<br />
<br />
Add these lines to {{Filename|/etc/sysctl.conf}} ('''''Review Oracle documentation to adjust these settings''''').<br />
# oracle kernel settings<br />
fs.file-max = 6553600<br />
kernel.shmall = 2097152<br />
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648<br />
kernel.shmmni = 4096<br />
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128<br />
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535<br />
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304<br />
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304<br />
net.core.wmem_default = 262144<br />
net.core.wmem_max = 262144<br />
<br />
Add these lines to {{Filename|/etc/security/limits.conf}} ('''''Review Oracle documentation to adjust these settings''''')<br />
# oracle settings<br />
oracle soft nproc 2047<br />
oracle hard nproc 16384<br />
oracle soft nofile 1024<br />
oracle hard nofile 65536<br />
<br />
可选: 想使变化生效您可以重启电脑。<br />
<br />
为Ocale数据库创建一些目录。您可以选择目录路径。下面是参考例子。 <br />
mkdir -p /oracle<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/inventory<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/recovery<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/product/db<br />
<br />
为目录设定权限。<br />
chown -R oracle:dba /oracle<br />
chmod 777 /tmp<br />
<br />
Create or update oracle bashrc {{Filename|/home/oracle/.bashrc}}. Here is an example of the oracle user settings.<br />
export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
export ORACLE_SID=xdb<br />
export ORACLE_INVENTORY=/oracle/inventory<br />
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_SID ORACLE_HOME<br />
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH<br />
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH<br />
export EDITOR=nano<br />
export VISUAL=nano<br />
<br />
===图形安装===<br />
<br />
====安装Oracle数据库软件====<br />
<br />
从下面下载Orcale数据库:<br />
http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html<br />
<br />
解压Oracle数据库。<br />
<br />
Arch i686:<br />
unzip linux_11gR1_database_1013.zip -d /media<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
unzip linux.x64_11gR1_database_1013.zip -d /media<br />
<br />
可选: Arch x86_64 (only required if the installer will not launch automatically ... at the time of this writing there was an issue with the packaged unzip in the 64-bit Oracle installer):<br />
cd /media/database/install<br />
mv unzip unzipx<br />
ln -s /usr/bin/unzip <br />
<br />
Change the permissions for the extracted Oracle database.<br />
chmod -R 777 /media/database<br />
chown -R oracle:oinstall /media/database<br />
<br />
Enter the directory where you extracted the Oracle database.<br />
<br />
In oder to run oracle installation script you need to export the X display as a normal user:<br />
DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY; xhost +<br />
<br />
Login as the user oracle and export the X display:<br />
su oracle<br />
DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY<br />
<br />
Enter the database directory and run the Oracle Universal Installer as the user oracle.<br />
cd /media/database<br />
./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs<br />
<br />
在图形安装过程中:<br />
# Click on "Next". <br />
# Choose "Enterprise Edition" Installation Type and click on "Next"<br />
# Oracle Base should be: /oracle. Don't change it, unless you know what you're doing. <br />
## Change the default "Name" to orarch or something else. <br />
## The predefined path in {{Filename|/etc/rc.d/oracledb}} is "db", ie: /oracle/product/db. If you want to use a different path you'll have to change {{Filename|/etc/rc.d/oracledb}}, so that the startup script can locate ORACLE_HOME directory.<br />
## After changing the defaults, click on "Next". <br />
# Since Oracle database requires certain distro requirement, you'll have to manually check them and then click on "Next".<br />
# Chose "Software Install Only" and click on "Next".<br />
# There is only one DBA group for oracle database. Click on "Next".<br />
# Install "Summary" shows what's going to be installed. Click on "Install".<br />
# The installation will take some time, especially the "Linking" part. Be patient! If you get an error message ignore it by clicking on "Continue".<br />
## At the end of the installation you'll have to open another terminal, and execute {{Filename|/oracle/product/db/root.sh}} as root. '''Don't click on "OK" yet'''.<br />
## When running root.sh, you'll be offered to use /usr/local/bin as the full pathname. Press the "Enter" key here.<br />
## Now you can click on "OK"<br />
# Installation is finished, click on "Exit" and "Yes", you really want to exit.<br />
<br />
===Oracle企业管理安装(可选)===<br />
<br />
This section describes how to install the web based OEM available in 10g+. <br />
<br />
''Depending on your settings the OUI may have already installed this''.<br />
<br />
Login or su to oracle, then run the following commands (answering the prompts approriately). '''''This may take a while'''''.<br />
cd ${ORACLE_HOME}/bin<br />
./emca -repos create<br />
./emca -config dbcontrol db<br />
<br />
Test this out by navigating to the enterprise manager (adjust the servername (localhost) apporpriately). <br />
https://localhost:1158/em/console<br />
<br />
You can control OEM with the following commands.<br />
emctl status dbconsole<br />
emctl stop dbconsole<br />
emctl start dbconsole<br />
<br />
<br />
==安装方法2 - AUR==<br />
===安装===<br />
{{note| 这种安装方法会自动创建数据库,因此,在安装完后,Orcale数据库就可以使用了。}}<br />
<br />
'''第一步'''<br />
从AUR里面下载Arch Linux 软件包:http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=23730<br />
下载Oracle数据库11gR1:http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html<br />
<br />
'''第二步'''<br />
解压Arch Linux 软件包到一个目录。同时把Oracle数据库11gR1复制到同一目录下。<br />
<br />
信息:默认的安装配置{{Filename| ee.rsp.patch}}是:<br />
ORACLE_BASE="/home/oracle/app/oracle"<br />
ORACLE_HOME="/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch"<br />
ORACLE_HOME_NAME="orarch"<br />
s_globalDBName="archlinux"<br />
s_dbSid="archlinux"<br />
s_superAdminSamePasswd="orarchdbadmin"<br />
s_superAdminSamePasswdAgain="orarchdbadmin"<br />
<br />
可选: You can either change the default password now or later after the installation. If you change the ee.rsp.patch file, you need to update the md5sums in the PKGBUILD file. To obtain the md5sum, run (makepkg -g) or:<br />
md5sum ee.rsp.patch <br />
<br />
创建Orcale数据库软件包通过使用makepkg:<br />
makepkg -s<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Step 3.'''<br />
安装已经创建好的软件包。<br />
<br />
Arch i686:<br />
pacman -U oracle-11gR1-1-i686.pkg.tar.gz <br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
pacman -U oracle-11gR1-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.gz <br />
<br />
Pacman现在将安装Oracle数据库通过执行Oracle自己的安装脚本(./runInstaller -silent -ignoreSysPrereqs)。 <br />
<br />
安装将花费一些时间。请耐心一点。在安装过程中不要退出终端,特别是安装脚本在执行配置助手时:<br />
.... <br />
Starting to execute configuration assistants<br />
Configuration assistant "Oracle Net Configuration Assistant" succeeded <br />
...<br />
<br />
安装脚本会结束像下面所举的:<br />
The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.<br />
#!/bin/sh<br />
#Root script to run<br />
/home/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh<br />
/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch/root.sh<br />
To execute the configuration scripts:<br />
1. Open a terminal window<br />
2. Log in as "root"<br />
3. Run the scripts<br />
<br />
The installation of Oracle Database 11g was successful.<br />
Please check '/home/oracle/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2009-03-03_07-24-10PM.log'<br />
for more details.<br />
<br />
'''第四步'''<br />
以root身份运行这些脚本:<br />
[ahc@archlinux ~]$ su<br />
Password: <br />
<br />
cd /home/oracle/oraInventory<br />
./orainstRoot.sh<br />
<br />
cd /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
./root.sh<br />
<br />
'''第五步'''<br />
默认的Oracle用户是“oracle”。由于没有为用户oracle设置密码,您需要以root身份运行passwd:<br />
passwd oracle<br />
<br />
<br />
'''第六步'''<br />
以用户oracle身份登录。<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
创建文件/home/oracle/.bashrc,然后添加这些行到.bashrc文件:<br />
export ORACLE_SID=archlinux<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
'''第七步'''<br />
如果您没有改变{{Filename| ee.rsp.patch}}文件,您需要'''为SYS和SYSTEM改变管理密码'''。 <br />
<br />
{{note|如果数据库没有被挂载或者打开,以用户oracle身份登录然后首先尝试: }}<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> startup mount;<br />
SQL> alter database open; <br />
<br />
为 '''SYSTEM'''用户更改密码:<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> show user<br />
USER is "SYS"<br />
<br />
SQL> passw system<br />
Changing password for system<br />
New password:<br />
Retype new password:<br />
Password changed<br />
<br />
SQL> quit<br />
<br />
为'''SYS''' 用户更改密码:<br />
sqlplus system/secretpassword<br />
<br />
SQL> show user;<br />
USER is "SYSTEM"<br />
<br />
SQL> passw sys<br />
Changing password for sys<br />
New password: <br />
Retype new password: <br />
Password changed<br />
<br />
SQL> quit<br />
<br />
==Post 安装===<br />
<br />
===创建初始化数据库===<br />
<br />
====图形====<br />
<br />
You have only installed the Oracle database software. Now you need to create a database. Login as the user oracle:<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
Export the ORACLE_HOME binary directory:<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
Run database installation script:<br />
dbca<br />
<br />
During the graphical installation:<br />
<br />
# Click on "Next".<br />
# Check "Create a Database" and click on "Next".<br />
# Check "General Purpose or Transaction Processing" and click on "Next".<br />
# Chose a database name and SID. Example: Global Database Name: <tt>archlinux</tt>, SID: <tt>archlinux</tt>. And then click on "Next".<br />
# Uncheck "Configure Enterprise Manager", leave it empty and click on "Next".<br />
# Check "Use the Same Administrative Password for All Accounts", set password and click on "Next". <br />
# Check "File System" and click on "Next".<br />
# Check "Use Database File Locations from Template" and click on "Next".<br />
# Uncheck "Specify Flash Recovery Area" and click on "Next".<br />
# No need for "Sample Schemas", click on "Next".<br />
# If you don't know what you're doing, check "Typical" and click on "Next"<br />
# Check "Keep the enhanced 11g default security settings" and click on "Next".<br />
# Uncheck "Enable automatic maintenance tasks" if you wish to do it by yourself and click on "Next".<br />
# View your filesystem layout and click on "Next".<br />
# "Create Database" is checked by default. Click on "Finish" to create database.<br />
# Summary of following operations to be performed, click on "OK".<br />
# When database creation is complete, click on "Exit".<br />
<br />
====Scripted====<br />
This section walks you through doing a scripted initial database creation.<br />
<br />
{{Note | The scripts assume they are the first database to be installed on this system. If this is not the case review the xdb-create.sh script and comment out the portions which deal with the *.ora files.}}<br />
<br />
Download the following tar file with a set of scripted database installation scripts.<br />
wget http://sites.google.com/site/mbasil77/Home/instanceCreateXdb.tgz<br />
<br />
Extract the directory<br />
tar xzf instanceCreateXdb.tgz<br />
<br />
Move into instanceCreateXdb directory<br />
cd instanceCreateXdb<br />
<br />
File list<br />
* CreateDB.sql<br />
* CreateDBCatalog.sql<br />
* initxdb.dbs.ora<br />
* initxdb.ora<br />
* listener.ora<br />
* postDBCreation.sql<br />
* sqlnet.ora<br />
* sysObjects.sql<br />
* tnsnames.ora<br />
* xdb-create.sh<br />
* xdb-create.sql<br />
* xdb-secfix.sh<br />
<br />
Script notes<br />
* the files assume a database sid of '''xdb'''<br />
* the files assume an oracle base of '''/oracle/product/db'''<br />
* '''''review all memory and storage parameters against Oracle documentation'''''<br />
<br />
Setup filesystem (as root)<br />
./xdb-create.sh<br />
<br />
Install database from script ('''''this will take a long time''''')<br />
su oracle<br />
sqlplus / as sysdba @/oracle/admin/xdb/scripts/xdb-create.sql<br />
<br />
====测试数据库====<br />
<br />
以用户oracle身份登录,然后运行 export ORACLE_SID="yourSID"等,:<br />
export ORACLE_SID=xdb<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
运行oraenv来确认已经export的配置:<br />
oraenv<br />
<br />
ORACLE_SID = [xdb] ? <br />
The Oracle base for ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db <br />
is /oracle<br />
<br />
<br />
检查数据库是否关闭或开启:<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> shutdown immediate;<br />
Database closed.<br />
Database dismounted.<br />
ORACLE instance shut down.<br />
<br />
SQL> startup mount;<br />
<br />
ORACLE instance started.<br />
<br />
Total System Global Area 385003520 bytes<br />
Fixed Size 1300100 bytes<br />
Variable Size 234883452 bytes<br />
Database Buffers 142606336 bytes<br />
Redo Buffers 6213632 bytes<br />
Database mounted.<br />
Database opened.<br />
<br />
Type "quit" when you want to leave SQL prompt:<br />
SQL> quit<br />
<br />
===在启动时启动oracle===<br />
<br />
If you want to start with your oracle SID, replace ":N" with ":Y" in /etc/oratab:<br />
<your sid>:<oracle home>:N<br />
<your sid>:<oracle home>:Y<br />
<br />
Example from Scripted database creation (/etc/oratab):<br />
xdb:/oracle/product/db:Y<br />
<br />
To start the oracle database daemon during boot, add "oracledb" in your /etc/rc.conf:<br />
<br />
DAEMONS=(oracledb syslog-ng dbus !network netfs crond ntpd alsa hal wicd fam)<br />
<br />
Note: If the daemon doesn't start, please check that the ORACLE_HOME path matches your current oracle directory in /etc/rc.d/oracledb:<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
<br />
[oracle@archlinux orarch]$ pwd<br />
/oracle/product/db<br />
<br />
Test starting the daemon as root:<br />
/etc/rc.d/oracledb start<br />
<br />
Starting Oracle: <br />
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 27-FEB-2009 23:14:45<br />
...<br />
The command completed successfully<br />
Processing Database instance "archlinux": log file <br />
/oracle/product/db/startup.log<br />
OK<br />
<br />
Now you'll login to your oracle database each time you reboot:<br />
su oracle<br />
export ORACLE_SID=xdb<br />
oraenv<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
Install Method 2:<br />
su oracle<br />
export ORACLE_SID=archlinux<br />
oraenv<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
===为普通用户设定权限===<br />
<br />
此时仅仅一个用户(oracle)能够使用oracle数据库。您需要添加您其他的用户到组“dba”。假设“joe”是一个普通用户: <br />
gpasswd -a joe dba<br />
<br />
dba组在您登出时然后登录进来才生效。用户oracle拥有oracle家目录的权限,如 /home/oracle: <br />
drwx------ 6 oracle dba 4096 2009-02-27 23:27 oracle<br />
<br />
您需要使组“dba”拥有权限来执行oracle目录下到二进制文件: <br />
chmod -R g+x /home/oracle<br />
<br />
此时您的普通用户就可以使用oracle数据库了。<br />
<br />
==Transfer existing Oracle installation ==<br />
<br />
Moving or transferring Oracle can be quite useful in the following conditions:<br />
* replacing hardware<br />
* setting up several dev machines<br />
* running lean system (no desktop manager, java, etc)<br />
<br />
The installation of Oracle requires several packages. However, just running an Oracle database is much simpler and has far fewer requirements, as shown below. <br />
<br />
''In principle transferring Oracle should work across distros. Transferring from RHEL/Centos 5.2 to ARCH 2009.02 has been tested successfully.''<br />
<br />
To prep Oracle for a move shutdown database services<br />
dbstop ${ORACLE_HOME}<br />
lsnrctl stop<br />
<br />
Optional: stop OEM if it is running<br />
emctl stop dbconsole<br />
<br />
'''''If you are running other Oracle daemons stop them as well'''''<br />
<br />
This section assumes the following conditions about the existing Oracle installation:<br />
* oracle root is /oracle<br />
* oracle data is at /oracle/oradata/<sid><br />
<br />
Tar up entire Oracle installation and data.<br />
cd /<br />
tar czf oracle.tgz /oracle<br />
<br />
Using ssh and sftp or your method of choice transfer oracle.tgz to the root (/) of the target system.<br />
<br />
Login to target system as root and unpack the tar<br />
cd /<br />
tar xzf oracle.tgz<br />
chmod 755 -R /oracle<br />
chown -R oracle:dba /oracle<br />
<br />
Update system<br />
pacman -Sy pacman<br />
pacman -Syu<br />
pacman -S python<br />
pacman -U ftp://ftp.berlios.de/pub/aurbuild/aurbuild-1.8.4-1-any.pkg.tar.gz<br />
pacman -S unzip<br />
pacman -S sudo<br />
<br />
Install required package run Oracle database and ''required'' daemons.<br />
aurbuild -s libaio<br />
pacman -S sysstat<br />
<br />
Configure server for oracle<br />
[[Oracle#Configuration]]<br />
<br />
Setup OEM (optional)<br />
[[Oracle#Oracle_Enterprise_Manager_installation_.28optional.29]]<br />
<br />
Execute appropriate/desired post installation steps<br />
[[Oracle#Post_Installation]]<br />
<br />
<br />
===疑难解答===<br />
<br />
已知问题: The Oracle Universal Installer(ie, in silent mode) seems create errors when installing on other paths than "../app/oracle/..". <br />
<br />
===更多资源===<br />
----<br />
<br />
大部分的步骤是基于ubuntu用户的oracle安装向导,这篇文档包括一步一步的图形例子:<br />
http://www.pythian.com/blogs/1355/installing-oracle-11gr1-on-ubuntu-810-intrepid-ibex</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Oracle_Database_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=65004Oracle Database (简体中文)2009-03-14T04:56:02Z<p>Imagelife: /* Starting oracle during the boot */</p>
<hr />
<div>===介绍===<br />
----<br />
<br />
这份文档将会帮助您把Oracle数据库11gR1安装到Arch Linux。使用安装方法2,您可以仅仅通过几个步骤完成长时间的安装过程。<br />
<br />
==安装方法1 - 手动==<br />
<br />
这节将会引导您在全新的archlinux上安装Oracle。这是一个通用的方法,在内核2.6.28.ARCH 64位机器上安装Oracle 11g R1 64<br />
位测试通过。'''''这在其他版本的Orale上也应该可以工作'''''。<br />
<br />
===准备安装===<br />
<br />
===安装桌面环境===<br />
# pacman -Syu<br />
# pacman -S python<br />
# pacman -U ftp://ftp.berlios.de/pub/aurbuild/aurbuild-1.8.4-1-any.pkg.tar.gz<br />
<br />
安装并测试Xorg。<br />
# pacman -S xorg<br />
# pacman -S hwd<br />
<br />
尽管从Xorg 7.4后,xorg.conf 不再需要。这命令是可选的。<br />
# hwd -x<br />
# cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf.vesa /etc/X11/xorg.conf<br />
<br />
使用<tt>startx</tt>检查(Should get mouse movement with X cursor - Ctrl-Alt-Backspace to exit.)<br />
$ startx<br />
<br />
安装桌面环境,Gnome,KDE 或 Xfce。这个例子假设Xfce4将被安装:<br />
# pacman -S xfce4<br />
# pacman -S pcmanfm<br />
<br />
运行 xfce:<br />
$ startxfce4 <br />
<br />
====安装Oracle数据库必需的软件包====<br />
<br />
Arch i686:<br />
*base-devel<br />
*java-runtime (openjdk6 or jre jdk)<br />
*ksh, rpm, gawk, gdb, libaio, libelf, sysstat, unixodbc, libstdc++5<br />
*unzip, sudo<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
*base-devel<br />
*java-runtime (openjdk6 or jre jdk)<br />
*ksh, rpm, gawk, gdb, libaio, libelf, sysstat, libstdc++5<br />
*unzip, sudo<br />
<br />
安装软件包:<br />
# pacman -S unzip sudo java-runtime base-devel<br />
<br />
安装ksh (problem with aurbuild -s ksh).<br />
mkdir -p ABS/ksh<br />
cd ABS/ksh<br />
chmod 777 -R /software<br />
wget --http-user "I accept www.opensource.org/licenses/cpl" --http-password "." http://www.research.att.com/~gsf/download/tgz/INIT.2008-11-04.tgz<br />
wget --http-user "I accept www.opensource.org/licenses/cpl" --http-password "." http://www.research.att.com/~gsf/download/tgz/ast-ksh.2008-11-04.tgz<br />
wget http://aur.archlinux.org/packages/ksh/ksh/PKGBUILD<br />
wget http://aur.archlinux.org/packages/ksh/ksh/ksh.install<br />
makepkg -c --asroot<br />
makepkg -i --asroot<br />
<br />
pacman -S icu<br />
aurbuild -s beecrypt<br />
aurbuild -s rpm<br />
pacman -S gawk<br />
pacman -S gdb<br />
aurbuild -s libaio<br />
pacman -S libelf<br />
pacman -S sysstat<br />
pacman -S libstdc++5<br />
<br />
Oracle32位数据库需要unixodbc。<br />
# pacman -S unixodbc<br />
<br />
可选的lib32 软件包 x86_64: <br />
# pacman -S lib32-libstdc++5 <br />
# pacman -S lib32-glibc <br />
# pacman -S lib32-gcc-libs<br />
<br />
Oracle数据库需要32位的libaio和unixodbc在x86_64上,但在32位上是不必要的。 <br />
<br />
Oracle Universal Installer需要的一些软链接。<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/rpm /bin/rpm<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/ksh /bin/ksh<br />
# ln -s /bin/awk /usr/bin/awk<br />
# ln -s /bin/tr /usr/bin/tr<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/basename /bin/basename<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
# ln -s /usr/lib /usr/lib64<br />
<br />
====配置====<br />
<br />
为Orcale数据库创建用户和组:<br />
# groupadd oinstall<br />
# groupadd dba<br />
# useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle<br />
<br />
为用户oracle设置密码:<br />
# passwd oracle<br />
<br />
可选: Add oracle to the {{Filename|sshd_config}} file.<br />
# pacman -S openssh<br />
Add this line to {{Filename|/etc/ssh/sshd_config}}:<br />
AllowUsers oracle<br />
<br />
Add oracle to {{Filename|/etc/sudoers}}. This will give oracle super user privilege.<br />
oracle ALL=(ALL) ALL<br />
<br />
Add these lines to {{Filename|/etc/sysctl.conf}} ('''''Review Oracle documentation to adjust these settings''''').<br />
# oracle kernel settings<br />
fs.file-max = 6553600<br />
kernel.shmall = 2097152<br />
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648<br />
kernel.shmmni = 4096<br />
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128<br />
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535<br />
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304<br />
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304<br />
net.core.wmem_default = 262144<br />
net.core.wmem_max = 262144<br />
<br />
Add these lines to {{Filename|/etc/security/limits.conf}} ('''''Review Oracle documentation to adjust these settings''''')<br />
# oracle settings<br />
oracle soft nproc 2047<br />
oracle hard nproc 16384<br />
oracle soft nofile 1024<br />
oracle hard nofile 65536<br />
<br />
可选: 想使变化生效您可以重启电脑。<br />
<br />
为Ocale数据库创建一些目录。您可以选择目录路径。下面是参考例子。 <br />
mkdir -p /oracle<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/inventory<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/recovery<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/product/db<br />
<br />
为目录设定权限。<br />
chown -R oracle:dba /oracle<br />
chmod 777 /tmp<br />
<br />
Create or update oracle bashrc {{Filename|/home/oracle/.bashrc}}. Here is an example of the oracle user settings.<br />
export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
export ORACLE_SID=xdb<br />
export ORACLE_INVENTORY=/oracle/inventory<br />
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_SID ORACLE_HOME<br />
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH<br />
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH<br />
export EDITOR=nano<br />
export VISUAL=nano<br />
<br />
===图形安装===<br />
<br />
====安装Oracle数据库软件====<br />
<br />
从下面下载Orcale数据库:<br />
http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html<br />
<br />
解压Oracle数据库。<br />
<br />
Arch i686:<br />
unzip linux_11gR1_database_1013.zip -d /media<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
unzip linux.x64_11gR1_database_1013.zip -d /media<br />
<br />
可选: Arch x86_64 (only required if the installer will not launch automatically ... at the time of this writing there was an issue with the packaged unzip in the 64-bit Oracle installer):<br />
cd /media/database/install<br />
mv unzip unzipx<br />
ln -s /usr/bin/unzip <br />
<br />
Change the permissions for the extracted Oracle database.<br />
chmod -R 777 /media/database<br />
chown -R oracle:oinstall /media/database<br />
<br />
Enter the directory where you extracted the Oracle database.<br />
<br />
In oder to run oracle installation script you need to export the X display as a normal user:<br />
DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY; xhost +<br />
<br />
Login as the user oracle and export the X display:<br />
su oracle<br />
DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY<br />
<br />
Enter the database directory and run the Oracle Universal Installer as the user oracle.<br />
cd /media/database<br />
./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs<br />
<br />
在图形安装过程中:<br />
# Click on "Next". <br />
# Choose "Enterprise Edition" Installation Type and click on "Next"<br />
# Oracle Base should be: /oracle. Don't change it, unless you know what you're doing. <br />
## Change the default "Name" to orarch or something else. <br />
## The predefined path in {{Filename|/etc/rc.d/oracledb}} is "db", ie: /oracle/product/db. If you want to use a different path you'll have to change {{Filename|/etc/rc.d/oracledb}}, so that the startup script can locate ORACLE_HOME directory.<br />
## After changing the defaults, click on "Next". <br />
# Since Oracle database requires certain distro requirement, you'll have to manually check them and then click on "Next".<br />
# Chose "Software Install Only" and click on "Next".<br />
# There is only one DBA group for oracle database. Click on "Next".<br />
# Install "Summary" shows what's going to be installed. Click on "Install".<br />
# The installation will take some time, especially the "Linking" part. Be patient! If you get an error message ignore it by clicking on "Continue".<br />
## At the end of the installation you'll have to open another terminal, and execute {{Filename|/oracle/product/db/root.sh}} as root. '''Don't click on "OK" yet'''.<br />
## When running root.sh, you'll be offered to use /usr/local/bin as the full pathname. Press the "Enter" key here.<br />
## Now you can click on "OK"<br />
# Installation is finished, click on "Exit" and "Yes", you really want to exit.<br />
<br />
===Oracle企业管理安装(可选)===<br />
<br />
This section describes how to install the web based OEM available in 10g+. <br />
<br />
''Depending on your settings the OUI may have already installed this''.<br />
<br />
Login or su to oracle, then run the following commands (answering the prompts approriately). '''''This may take a while'''''.<br />
cd ${ORACLE_HOME}/bin<br />
./emca -repos create<br />
./emca -config dbcontrol db<br />
<br />
Test this out by navigating to the enterprise manager (adjust the servername (localhost) apporpriately). <br />
https://localhost:1158/em/console<br />
<br />
You can control OEM with the following commands.<br />
emctl status dbconsole<br />
emctl stop dbconsole<br />
emctl start dbconsole<br />
<br />
<br />
==安装方法2 - AUR==<br />
===安装===<br />
{{note| 这种安装方法会自动创建数据库,因此,在安装完后,Orcale数据库就可以使用了。}}<br />
<br />
'''第一步'''<br />
从AUR里面下载Arch Linux 软件包:http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=23730<br />
下载Oracle数据库11gR1:http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html<br />
<br />
'''第二步'''<br />
解压Arch Linux 软件包到一个目录。同时把Oracle数据库11gR1复制到同一目录下。<br />
<br />
信息:默认的安装配置{{Filename| ee.rsp.patch}}是:<br />
ORACLE_BASE="/home/oracle/app/oracle"<br />
ORACLE_HOME="/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch"<br />
ORACLE_HOME_NAME="orarch"<br />
s_globalDBName="archlinux"<br />
s_dbSid="archlinux"<br />
s_superAdminSamePasswd="orarchdbadmin"<br />
s_superAdminSamePasswdAgain="orarchdbadmin"<br />
<br />
可选: You can either change the default password now or later after the installation. If you change the ee.rsp.patch file, you need to update the md5sums in the PKGBUILD file. To obtain the md5sum, run (makepkg -g) or:<br />
md5sum ee.rsp.patch <br />
<br />
创建Orcale数据库软件包通过使用makepkg:<br />
makepkg -s<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Step 3.'''<br />
安装已经创建好的软件包。<br />
<br />
Arch i686:<br />
pacman -U oracle-11gR1-1-i686.pkg.tar.gz <br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
pacman -U oracle-11gR1-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.gz <br />
<br />
Pacman现在将安装Oracle数据库通过执行Oracle自己的安装脚本(./runInstaller -silent -ignoreSysPrereqs)。 <br />
<br />
安装将花费一些时间。请耐心一点。在安装过程中不要退出终端,特别是安装脚本在执行配置助手时:<br />
.... <br />
Starting to execute configuration assistants<br />
Configuration assistant "Oracle Net Configuration Assistant" succeeded <br />
...<br />
<br />
安装脚本会结束像下面所举的:<br />
The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.<br />
#!/bin/sh<br />
#Root script to run<br />
/home/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh<br />
/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch/root.sh<br />
To execute the configuration scripts:<br />
1. Open a terminal window<br />
2. Log in as "root"<br />
3. Run the scripts<br />
<br />
The installation of Oracle Database 11g was successful.<br />
Please check '/home/oracle/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2009-03-03_07-24-10PM.log'<br />
for more details.<br />
<br />
'''第四步'''<br />
以root身份运行这些脚本:<br />
[ahc@archlinux ~]$ su<br />
Password: <br />
<br />
cd /home/oracle/oraInventory<br />
./orainstRoot.sh<br />
<br />
cd /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
./root.sh<br />
<br />
'''第五步'''<br />
默认的Oracle用户是“oracle”。由于没有为用户oracle设置密码,您需要以root身份运行passwd:<br />
passwd oracle<br />
<br />
<br />
'''第六步'''<br />
以用户oracle身份登录。<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
创建文件/home/oracle/.bashrc,然后添加这些行到.bashrc文件:<br />
export ORACLE_SID=archlinux<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
'''第七步'''<br />
如果您没有改变{{Filename| ee.rsp.patch}}文件,您需要'''为SYS和SYSTEM改变管理密码'''。 <br />
<br />
{{note|如果数据库没有被挂载或者打开,以用户oracle身份登录然后首先尝试: }}<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> startup mount;<br />
SQL> alter database open; <br />
<br />
为 '''SYSTEM'''用户更改密码:<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> show user<br />
USER is "SYS"<br />
<br />
SQL> passw system<br />
Changing password for system<br />
New password:<br />
Retype new password:<br />
Password changed<br />
<br />
SQL> quit<br />
<br />
为'''SYS''' 用户更改密码:<br />
sqlplus system/secretpassword<br />
<br />
SQL> show user;<br />
USER is "SYSTEM"<br />
<br />
SQL> passw sys<br />
Changing password for sys<br />
New password: <br />
Retype new password: <br />
Password changed<br />
<br />
SQL> quit<br />
<br />
==Post 安装===<br />
<br />
===创建初始化数据库===<br />
<br />
====图形====<br />
<br />
You have only installed the Oracle database software. Now you need to create a database. Login as the user oracle:<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
Export the ORACLE_HOME binary directory:<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
Run database installation script:<br />
dbca<br />
<br />
During the graphical installation:<br />
<br />
# Click on "Next".<br />
# Check "Create a Database" and click on "Next".<br />
# Check "General Purpose or Transaction Processing" and click on "Next".<br />
# Chose a database name and SID. Example: Global Database Name: <tt>archlinux</tt>, SID: <tt>archlinux</tt>. And then click on "Next".<br />
# Uncheck "Configure Enterprise Manager", leave it empty and click on "Next".<br />
# Check "Use the Same Administrative Password for All Accounts", set password and click on "Next". <br />
# Check "File System" and click on "Next".<br />
# Check "Use Database File Locations from Template" and click on "Next".<br />
# Uncheck "Specify Flash Recovery Area" and click on "Next".<br />
# No need for "Sample Schemas", click on "Next".<br />
# If you don't know what you're doing, check "Typical" and click on "Next"<br />
# Check "Keep the enhanced 11g default security settings" and click on "Next".<br />
# Uncheck "Enable automatic maintenance tasks" if you wish to do it by yourself and click on "Next".<br />
# View your filesystem layout and click on "Next".<br />
# "Create Database" is checked by default. Click on "Finish" to create database.<br />
# Summary of following operations to be performed, click on "OK".<br />
# When database creation is complete, click on "Exit".<br />
<br />
====Scripted====<br />
This section walks you through doing a scripted initial database creation.<br />
<br />
{{Note | The scripts assume they are the first database to be installed on this system. If this is not the case review the xdb-create.sh script and comment out the portions which deal with the *.ora files.}}<br />
<br />
Download the following tar file with a set of scripted database installation scripts.<br />
wget http://sites.google.com/site/mbasil77/Home/instanceCreateXdb.tgz<br />
<br />
Extract the directory<br />
tar xzf instanceCreateXdb.tgz<br />
<br />
Move into instanceCreateXdb directory<br />
cd instanceCreateXdb<br />
<br />
File list<br />
* CreateDB.sql<br />
* CreateDBCatalog.sql<br />
* initxdb.dbs.ora<br />
* initxdb.ora<br />
* listener.ora<br />
* postDBCreation.sql<br />
* sqlnet.ora<br />
* sysObjects.sql<br />
* tnsnames.ora<br />
* xdb-create.sh<br />
* xdb-create.sql<br />
* xdb-secfix.sh<br />
<br />
Script notes<br />
* the files assume a database sid of '''xdb'''<br />
* the files assume an oracle base of '''/oracle/product/db'''<br />
* '''''review all memory and storage parameters against Oracle documentation'''''<br />
<br />
Setup filesystem (as root)<br />
./xdb-create.sh<br />
<br />
Install database from script ('''''this will take a long time''''')<br />
su oracle<br />
sqlplus / as sysdba @/oracle/admin/xdb/scripts/xdb-create.sql<br />
<br />
====测试数据库====<br />
<br />
以用户oracle身份登录,然后运行 export ORACLE_SID="yourSID"等,:<br />
export ORACLE_SID=xdb<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
运行oraenv来确认已经export的配置:<br />
oraenv<br />
<br />
ORACLE_SID = [xdb] ? <br />
The Oracle base for ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db <br />
is /oracle<br />
<br />
<br />
检查数据库是否关闭或开启:<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> shutdown immediate;<br />
Database closed.<br />
Database dismounted.<br />
ORACLE instance shut down.<br />
<br />
SQL> startup mount;<br />
<br />
ORACLE instance started.<br />
<br />
Total System Global Area 385003520 bytes<br />
Fixed Size 1300100 bytes<br />
Variable Size 234883452 bytes<br />
Database Buffers 142606336 bytes<br />
Redo Buffers 6213632 bytes<br />
Database mounted.<br />
Database opened.<br />
<br />
Type "quit" when you want to leave SQL prompt:<br />
SQL> quit<br />
<br />
===在启动时启动oracle===<br />
<br />
If you want to start with your oracle SID, replace ":N" with ":Y" in /etc/oratab:<br />
<your sid>:<oracle home>:N<br />
<your sid>:<oracle home>:Y<br />
<br />
Example from Scripted database creation (/etc/oratab):<br />
xdb:/oracle/product/db:Y<br />
<br />
To start the oracle database daemon during boot, add "oracledb" in your /etc/rc.conf:<br />
<br />
DAEMONS=(oracledb syslog-ng dbus !network netfs crond ntpd alsa hal wicd fam)<br />
<br />
Note: If the daemon doesn't start, please check that the ORACLE_HOME path matches your current oracle directory in /etc/rc.d/oracledb:<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
<br />
[oracle@archlinux orarch]$ pwd<br />
/oracle/product/db<br />
<br />
Test starting the daemon as root:<br />
/etc/rc.d/oracledb start<br />
<br />
Starting Oracle: <br />
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 27-FEB-2009 23:14:45<br />
...<br />
The command completed successfully<br />
Processing Database instance "archlinux": log file <br />
/oracle/product/db/startup.log<br />
OK<br />
<br />
Now you'll login to your oracle database each time you reboot:<br />
su oracle<br />
export ORACLE_SID=xdb<br />
oraenv<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
Install Method 2:<br />
su oracle<br />
export ORACLE_SID=archlinux<br />
oraenv<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
===为普通用户设定权限===<br />
<br />
Since there is only one user(oracle) that has access to the oracle database, you need to add your normal user to the group "dba". In this case "joe" is the normal user:<br />
gpasswd -a joe dba<br />
<br />
The group changes will take effect after you logout and login again. The user oracle has the permissions to access the oracle home directory, ie /home/oracle:<br />
drwx------ 6 oracle dba 4096 2009-02-27 23:27 oracle<br />
<br />
You need to grant the group "dba" permission to execute the binary files in the oracle home directory:<br />
chmod -R g+x /home/oracle<br />
<br />
Now you'll be able to run the oracle database as the normal user.<br />
<br />
==Transfer existing Oracle installation ==<br />
<br />
Moving or transferring Oracle can be quite useful in the following conditions:<br />
* replacing hardware<br />
* setting up several dev machines<br />
* running lean system (no desktop manager, java, etc)<br />
<br />
The installation of Oracle requires several packages. However, just running an Oracle database is much simpler and has far fewer requirements, as shown below. <br />
<br />
''In principle transferring Oracle should work across distros. Transferring from RHEL/Centos 5.2 to ARCH 2009.02 has been tested successfully.''<br />
<br />
To prep Oracle for a move shutdown database services<br />
dbstop ${ORACLE_HOME}<br />
lsnrctl stop<br />
<br />
Optional: stop OEM if it is running<br />
emctl stop dbconsole<br />
<br />
'''''If you are running other Oracle daemons stop them as well'''''<br />
<br />
This section assumes the following conditions about the existing Oracle installation:<br />
* oracle root is /oracle<br />
* oracle data is at /oracle/oradata/<sid><br />
<br />
Tar up entire Oracle installation and data.<br />
cd /<br />
tar czf oracle.tgz /oracle<br />
<br />
Using ssh and sftp or your method of choice transfer oracle.tgz to the root (/) of the target system.<br />
<br />
Login to target system as root and unpack the tar<br />
cd /<br />
tar xzf oracle.tgz<br />
chmod 755 -R /oracle<br />
chown -R oracle:dba /oracle<br />
<br />
Update system<br />
pacman -Sy pacman<br />
pacman -Syu<br />
pacman -S python<br />
pacman -U ftp://ftp.berlios.de/pub/aurbuild/aurbuild-1.8.4-1-any.pkg.tar.gz<br />
pacman -S unzip<br />
pacman -S sudo<br />
<br />
Install required package run Oracle database and ''required'' daemons.<br />
aurbuild -s libaio<br />
pacman -S sysstat<br />
<br />
Configure server for oracle<br />
[[Oracle#Configuration]]<br />
<br />
Setup OEM (optional)<br />
[[Oracle#Oracle_Enterprise_Manager_installation_.28optional.29]]<br />
<br />
Execute appropriate/desired post installation steps<br />
[[Oracle#Post_Installation]]<br />
<br />
<br />
===疑难解答===<br />
<br />
已知问题: The Oracle Universal Installer(ie, in silent mode) seems create errors when installing on other paths than "../app/oracle/..". <br />
<br />
===更多资源===<br />
----<br />
<br />
大部分的步骤是基于ubuntu用户的oracle安装向导,这篇文档包括一步一步的图形例子:<br />
http://www.pythian.com/blogs/1355/installing-oracle-11gr1-on-ubuntu-810-intrepid-ibex</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Oracle_Database_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=65003Oracle Database (简体中文)2009-03-14T04:54:50Z<p>Imagelife: /* Setting Permissions for Normal Users */</p>
<hr />
<div>===介绍===<br />
----<br />
<br />
这份文档将会帮助您把Oracle数据库11gR1安装到Arch Linux。使用安装方法2,您可以仅仅通过几个步骤完成长时间的安装过程。<br />
<br />
==安装方法1 - 手动==<br />
<br />
这节将会引导您在全新的archlinux上安装Oracle。这是一个通用的方法,在内核2.6.28.ARCH 64位机器上安装Oracle 11g R1 64<br />
位测试通过。'''''这在其他版本的Orale上也应该可以工作'''''。<br />
<br />
===准备安装===<br />
<br />
===安装桌面环境===<br />
# pacman -Syu<br />
# pacman -S python<br />
# pacman -U ftp://ftp.berlios.de/pub/aurbuild/aurbuild-1.8.4-1-any.pkg.tar.gz<br />
<br />
安装并测试Xorg。<br />
# pacman -S xorg<br />
# pacman -S hwd<br />
<br />
尽管从Xorg 7.4后,xorg.conf 不再需要。这命令是可选的。<br />
# hwd -x<br />
# cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf.vesa /etc/X11/xorg.conf<br />
<br />
使用<tt>startx</tt>检查(Should get mouse movement with X cursor - Ctrl-Alt-Backspace to exit.)<br />
$ startx<br />
<br />
安装桌面环境,Gnome,KDE 或 Xfce。这个例子假设Xfce4将被安装:<br />
# pacman -S xfce4<br />
# pacman -S pcmanfm<br />
<br />
运行 xfce:<br />
$ startxfce4 <br />
<br />
====安装Oracle数据库必需的软件包====<br />
<br />
Arch i686:<br />
*base-devel<br />
*java-runtime (openjdk6 or jre jdk)<br />
*ksh, rpm, gawk, gdb, libaio, libelf, sysstat, unixodbc, libstdc++5<br />
*unzip, sudo<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
*base-devel<br />
*java-runtime (openjdk6 or jre jdk)<br />
*ksh, rpm, gawk, gdb, libaio, libelf, sysstat, libstdc++5<br />
*unzip, sudo<br />
<br />
安装软件包:<br />
# pacman -S unzip sudo java-runtime base-devel<br />
<br />
安装ksh (problem with aurbuild -s ksh).<br />
mkdir -p ABS/ksh<br />
cd ABS/ksh<br />
chmod 777 -R /software<br />
wget --http-user "I accept www.opensource.org/licenses/cpl" --http-password "." http://www.research.att.com/~gsf/download/tgz/INIT.2008-11-04.tgz<br />
wget --http-user "I accept www.opensource.org/licenses/cpl" --http-password "." http://www.research.att.com/~gsf/download/tgz/ast-ksh.2008-11-04.tgz<br />
wget http://aur.archlinux.org/packages/ksh/ksh/PKGBUILD<br />
wget http://aur.archlinux.org/packages/ksh/ksh/ksh.install<br />
makepkg -c --asroot<br />
makepkg -i --asroot<br />
<br />
pacman -S icu<br />
aurbuild -s beecrypt<br />
aurbuild -s rpm<br />
pacman -S gawk<br />
pacman -S gdb<br />
aurbuild -s libaio<br />
pacman -S libelf<br />
pacman -S sysstat<br />
pacman -S libstdc++5<br />
<br />
Oracle32位数据库需要unixodbc。<br />
# pacman -S unixodbc<br />
<br />
可选的lib32 软件包 x86_64: <br />
# pacman -S lib32-libstdc++5 <br />
# pacman -S lib32-glibc <br />
# pacman -S lib32-gcc-libs<br />
<br />
Oracle数据库需要32位的libaio和unixodbc在x86_64上,但在32位上是不必要的。 <br />
<br />
Oracle Universal Installer需要的一些软链接。<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/rpm /bin/rpm<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/ksh /bin/ksh<br />
# ln -s /bin/awk /usr/bin/awk<br />
# ln -s /bin/tr /usr/bin/tr<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/basename /bin/basename<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
# ln -s /usr/lib /usr/lib64<br />
<br />
====配置====<br />
<br />
为Orcale数据库创建用户和组:<br />
# groupadd oinstall<br />
# groupadd dba<br />
# useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle<br />
<br />
为用户oracle设置密码:<br />
# passwd oracle<br />
<br />
可选: Add oracle to the {{Filename|sshd_config}} file.<br />
# pacman -S openssh<br />
Add this line to {{Filename|/etc/ssh/sshd_config}}:<br />
AllowUsers oracle<br />
<br />
Add oracle to {{Filename|/etc/sudoers}}. This will give oracle super user privilege.<br />
oracle ALL=(ALL) ALL<br />
<br />
Add these lines to {{Filename|/etc/sysctl.conf}} ('''''Review Oracle documentation to adjust these settings''''').<br />
# oracle kernel settings<br />
fs.file-max = 6553600<br />
kernel.shmall = 2097152<br />
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648<br />
kernel.shmmni = 4096<br />
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128<br />
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535<br />
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304<br />
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304<br />
net.core.wmem_default = 262144<br />
net.core.wmem_max = 262144<br />
<br />
Add these lines to {{Filename|/etc/security/limits.conf}} ('''''Review Oracle documentation to adjust these settings''''')<br />
# oracle settings<br />
oracle soft nproc 2047<br />
oracle hard nproc 16384<br />
oracle soft nofile 1024<br />
oracle hard nofile 65536<br />
<br />
可选: 想使变化生效您可以重启电脑。<br />
<br />
为Ocale数据库创建一些目录。您可以选择目录路径。下面是参考例子。 <br />
mkdir -p /oracle<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/inventory<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/recovery<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/product/db<br />
<br />
为目录设定权限。<br />
chown -R oracle:dba /oracle<br />
chmod 777 /tmp<br />
<br />
Create or update oracle bashrc {{Filename|/home/oracle/.bashrc}}. Here is an example of the oracle user settings.<br />
export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
export ORACLE_SID=xdb<br />
export ORACLE_INVENTORY=/oracle/inventory<br />
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_SID ORACLE_HOME<br />
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH<br />
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH<br />
export EDITOR=nano<br />
export VISUAL=nano<br />
<br />
===图形安装===<br />
<br />
====安装Oracle数据库软件====<br />
<br />
从下面下载Orcale数据库:<br />
http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html<br />
<br />
解压Oracle数据库。<br />
<br />
Arch i686:<br />
unzip linux_11gR1_database_1013.zip -d /media<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
unzip linux.x64_11gR1_database_1013.zip -d /media<br />
<br />
可选: Arch x86_64 (only required if the installer will not launch automatically ... at the time of this writing there was an issue with the packaged unzip in the 64-bit Oracle installer):<br />
cd /media/database/install<br />
mv unzip unzipx<br />
ln -s /usr/bin/unzip <br />
<br />
Change the permissions for the extracted Oracle database.<br />
chmod -R 777 /media/database<br />
chown -R oracle:oinstall /media/database<br />
<br />
Enter the directory where you extracted the Oracle database.<br />
<br />
In oder to run oracle installation script you need to export the X display as a normal user:<br />
DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY; xhost +<br />
<br />
Login as the user oracle and export the X display:<br />
su oracle<br />
DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY<br />
<br />
Enter the database directory and run the Oracle Universal Installer as the user oracle.<br />
cd /media/database<br />
./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs<br />
<br />
在图形安装过程中:<br />
# Click on "Next". <br />
# Choose "Enterprise Edition" Installation Type and click on "Next"<br />
# Oracle Base should be: /oracle. Don't change it, unless you know what you're doing. <br />
## Change the default "Name" to orarch or something else. <br />
## The predefined path in {{Filename|/etc/rc.d/oracledb}} is "db", ie: /oracle/product/db. If you want to use a different path you'll have to change {{Filename|/etc/rc.d/oracledb}}, so that the startup script can locate ORACLE_HOME directory.<br />
## After changing the defaults, click on "Next". <br />
# Since Oracle database requires certain distro requirement, you'll have to manually check them and then click on "Next".<br />
# Chose "Software Install Only" and click on "Next".<br />
# There is only one DBA group for oracle database. Click on "Next".<br />
# Install "Summary" shows what's going to be installed. Click on "Install".<br />
# The installation will take some time, especially the "Linking" part. Be patient! If you get an error message ignore it by clicking on "Continue".<br />
## At the end of the installation you'll have to open another terminal, and execute {{Filename|/oracle/product/db/root.sh}} as root. '''Don't click on "OK" yet'''.<br />
## When running root.sh, you'll be offered to use /usr/local/bin as the full pathname. Press the "Enter" key here.<br />
## Now you can click on "OK"<br />
# Installation is finished, click on "Exit" and "Yes", you really want to exit.<br />
<br />
===Oracle企业管理安装(可选)===<br />
<br />
This section describes how to install the web based OEM available in 10g+. <br />
<br />
''Depending on your settings the OUI may have already installed this''.<br />
<br />
Login or su to oracle, then run the following commands (answering the prompts approriately). '''''This may take a while'''''.<br />
cd ${ORACLE_HOME}/bin<br />
./emca -repos create<br />
./emca -config dbcontrol db<br />
<br />
Test this out by navigating to the enterprise manager (adjust the servername (localhost) apporpriately). <br />
https://localhost:1158/em/console<br />
<br />
You can control OEM with the following commands.<br />
emctl status dbconsole<br />
emctl stop dbconsole<br />
emctl start dbconsole<br />
<br />
<br />
==安装方法2 - AUR==<br />
===安装===<br />
{{note| 这种安装方法会自动创建数据库,因此,在安装完后,Orcale数据库就可以使用了。}}<br />
<br />
'''第一步'''<br />
从AUR里面下载Arch Linux 软件包:http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=23730<br />
下载Oracle数据库11gR1:http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html<br />
<br />
'''第二步'''<br />
解压Arch Linux 软件包到一个目录。同时把Oracle数据库11gR1复制到同一目录下。<br />
<br />
信息:默认的安装配置{{Filename| ee.rsp.patch}}是:<br />
ORACLE_BASE="/home/oracle/app/oracle"<br />
ORACLE_HOME="/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch"<br />
ORACLE_HOME_NAME="orarch"<br />
s_globalDBName="archlinux"<br />
s_dbSid="archlinux"<br />
s_superAdminSamePasswd="orarchdbadmin"<br />
s_superAdminSamePasswdAgain="orarchdbadmin"<br />
<br />
可选: You can either change the default password now or later after the installation. If you change the ee.rsp.patch file, you need to update the md5sums in the PKGBUILD file. To obtain the md5sum, run (makepkg -g) or:<br />
md5sum ee.rsp.patch <br />
<br />
创建Orcale数据库软件包通过使用makepkg:<br />
makepkg -s<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Step 3.'''<br />
安装已经创建好的软件包。<br />
<br />
Arch i686:<br />
pacman -U oracle-11gR1-1-i686.pkg.tar.gz <br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
pacman -U oracle-11gR1-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.gz <br />
<br />
Pacman现在将安装Oracle数据库通过执行Oracle自己的安装脚本(./runInstaller -silent -ignoreSysPrereqs)。 <br />
<br />
安装将花费一些时间。请耐心一点。在安装过程中不要退出终端,特别是安装脚本在执行配置助手时:<br />
.... <br />
Starting to execute configuration assistants<br />
Configuration assistant "Oracle Net Configuration Assistant" succeeded <br />
...<br />
<br />
安装脚本会结束像下面所举的:<br />
The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.<br />
#!/bin/sh<br />
#Root script to run<br />
/home/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh<br />
/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch/root.sh<br />
To execute the configuration scripts:<br />
1. Open a terminal window<br />
2. Log in as "root"<br />
3. Run the scripts<br />
<br />
The installation of Oracle Database 11g was successful.<br />
Please check '/home/oracle/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2009-03-03_07-24-10PM.log'<br />
for more details.<br />
<br />
'''第四步'''<br />
以root身份运行这些脚本:<br />
[ahc@archlinux ~]$ su<br />
Password: <br />
<br />
cd /home/oracle/oraInventory<br />
./orainstRoot.sh<br />
<br />
cd /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
./root.sh<br />
<br />
'''第五步'''<br />
默认的Oracle用户是“oracle”。由于没有为用户oracle设置密码,您需要以root身份运行passwd:<br />
passwd oracle<br />
<br />
<br />
'''第六步'''<br />
以用户oracle身份登录。<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
创建文件/home/oracle/.bashrc,然后添加这些行到.bashrc文件:<br />
export ORACLE_SID=archlinux<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
'''第七步'''<br />
如果您没有改变{{Filename| ee.rsp.patch}}文件,您需要'''为SYS和SYSTEM改变管理密码'''。 <br />
<br />
{{note|如果数据库没有被挂载或者打开,以用户oracle身份登录然后首先尝试: }}<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> startup mount;<br />
SQL> alter database open; <br />
<br />
为 '''SYSTEM'''用户更改密码:<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> show user<br />
USER is "SYS"<br />
<br />
SQL> passw system<br />
Changing password for system<br />
New password:<br />
Retype new password:<br />
Password changed<br />
<br />
SQL> quit<br />
<br />
为'''SYS''' 用户更改密码:<br />
sqlplus system/secretpassword<br />
<br />
SQL> show user;<br />
USER is "SYSTEM"<br />
<br />
SQL> passw sys<br />
Changing password for sys<br />
New password: <br />
Retype new password: <br />
Password changed<br />
<br />
SQL> quit<br />
<br />
==Post 安装===<br />
<br />
===创建初始化数据库===<br />
<br />
====图形====<br />
<br />
You have only installed the Oracle database software. Now you need to create a database. Login as the user oracle:<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
Export the ORACLE_HOME binary directory:<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
Run database installation script:<br />
dbca<br />
<br />
During the graphical installation:<br />
<br />
# Click on "Next".<br />
# Check "Create a Database" and click on "Next".<br />
# Check "General Purpose or Transaction Processing" and click on "Next".<br />
# Chose a database name and SID. Example: Global Database Name: <tt>archlinux</tt>, SID: <tt>archlinux</tt>. And then click on "Next".<br />
# Uncheck "Configure Enterprise Manager", leave it empty and click on "Next".<br />
# Check "Use the Same Administrative Password for All Accounts", set password and click on "Next". <br />
# Check "File System" and click on "Next".<br />
# Check "Use Database File Locations from Template" and click on "Next".<br />
# Uncheck "Specify Flash Recovery Area" and click on "Next".<br />
# No need for "Sample Schemas", click on "Next".<br />
# If you don't know what you're doing, check "Typical" and click on "Next"<br />
# Check "Keep the enhanced 11g default security settings" and click on "Next".<br />
# Uncheck "Enable automatic maintenance tasks" if you wish to do it by yourself and click on "Next".<br />
# View your filesystem layout and click on "Next".<br />
# "Create Database" is checked by default. Click on "Finish" to create database.<br />
# Summary of following operations to be performed, click on "OK".<br />
# When database creation is complete, click on "Exit".<br />
<br />
====Scripted====<br />
This section walks you through doing a scripted initial database creation.<br />
<br />
{{Note | The scripts assume they are the first database to be installed on this system. If this is not the case review the xdb-create.sh script and comment out the portions which deal with the *.ora files.}}<br />
<br />
Download the following tar file with a set of scripted database installation scripts.<br />
wget http://sites.google.com/site/mbasil77/Home/instanceCreateXdb.tgz<br />
<br />
Extract the directory<br />
tar xzf instanceCreateXdb.tgz<br />
<br />
Move into instanceCreateXdb directory<br />
cd instanceCreateXdb<br />
<br />
File list<br />
* CreateDB.sql<br />
* CreateDBCatalog.sql<br />
* initxdb.dbs.ora<br />
* initxdb.ora<br />
* listener.ora<br />
* postDBCreation.sql<br />
* sqlnet.ora<br />
* sysObjects.sql<br />
* tnsnames.ora<br />
* xdb-create.sh<br />
* xdb-create.sql<br />
* xdb-secfix.sh<br />
<br />
Script notes<br />
* the files assume a database sid of '''xdb'''<br />
* the files assume an oracle base of '''/oracle/product/db'''<br />
* '''''review all memory and storage parameters against Oracle documentation'''''<br />
<br />
Setup filesystem (as root)<br />
./xdb-create.sh<br />
<br />
Install database from script ('''''this will take a long time''''')<br />
su oracle<br />
sqlplus / as sysdba @/oracle/admin/xdb/scripts/xdb-create.sql<br />
<br />
====测试数据库====<br />
<br />
以用户oracle身份登录,然后运行 export ORACLE_SID="yourSID"等,:<br />
export ORACLE_SID=xdb<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
运行oraenv来确认已经export的配置:<br />
oraenv<br />
<br />
ORACLE_SID = [xdb] ? <br />
The Oracle base for ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db <br />
is /oracle<br />
<br />
<br />
检查数据库是否关闭或开启:<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> shutdown immediate;<br />
Database closed.<br />
Database dismounted.<br />
ORACLE instance shut down.<br />
<br />
SQL> startup mount;<br />
<br />
ORACLE instance started.<br />
<br />
Total System Global Area 385003520 bytes<br />
Fixed Size 1300100 bytes<br />
Variable Size 234883452 bytes<br />
Database Buffers 142606336 bytes<br />
Redo Buffers 6213632 bytes<br />
Database mounted.<br />
Database opened.<br />
<br />
Type "quit" when you want to leave SQL prompt:<br />
SQL> quit<br />
<br />
===Starting oracle during the boot===<br />
<br />
If you want to start with your oracle SID, replace ":N" with ":Y" in /etc/oratab:<br />
<your sid>:<oracle home>:N<br />
<your sid>:<oracle home>:Y<br />
<br />
Example from Scripted database creation (/etc/oratab):<br />
xdb:/oracle/product/db:Y<br />
<br />
To start the oracle database daemon during boot, add "oracledb" in your /etc/rc.conf:<br />
<br />
DAEMONS=(oracledb syslog-ng dbus !network netfs crond ntpd alsa hal wicd fam)<br />
<br />
Note: If the daemon doesn't start, please check that the ORACLE_HOME path matches your current oracle directory in /etc/rc.d/oracledb:<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
<br />
[oracle@archlinux orarch]$ pwd<br />
/oracle/product/db<br />
<br />
Test starting the daemon as root:<br />
/etc/rc.d/oracledb start<br />
<br />
Starting Oracle: <br />
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 27-FEB-2009 23:14:45<br />
...<br />
The command completed successfully<br />
Processing Database instance "archlinux": log file <br />
/oracle/product/db/startup.log<br />
OK<br />
<br />
Now you'll login to your oracle database each time you reboot:<br />
su oracle<br />
export ORACLE_SID=xdb<br />
oraenv<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
Install Method 2:<br />
su oracle<br />
export ORACLE_SID=archlinux<br />
oraenv<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
===为普通用户设定权限===<br />
<br />
Since there is only one user(oracle) that has access to the oracle database, you need to add your normal user to the group "dba". In this case "joe" is the normal user:<br />
gpasswd -a joe dba<br />
<br />
The group changes will take effect after you logout and login again. The user oracle has the permissions to access the oracle home directory, ie /home/oracle:<br />
drwx------ 6 oracle dba 4096 2009-02-27 23:27 oracle<br />
<br />
You need to grant the group "dba" permission to execute the binary files in the oracle home directory:<br />
chmod -R g+x /home/oracle<br />
<br />
Now you'll be able to run the oracle database as the normal user.<br />
<br />
==Transfer existing Oracle installation ==<br />
<br />
Moving or transferring Oracle can be quite useful in the following conditions:<br />
* replacing hardware<br />
* setting up several dev machines<br />
* running lean system (no desktop manager, java, etc)<br />
<br />
The installation of Oracle requires several packages. However, just running an Oracle database is much simpler and has far fewer requirements, as shown below. <br />
<br />
''In principle transferring Oracle should work across distros. Transferring from RHEL/Centos 5.2 to ARCH 2009.02 has been tested successfully.''<br />
<br />
To prep Oracle for a move shutdown database services<br />
dbstop ${ORACLE_HOME}<br />
lsnrctl stop<br />
<br />
Optional: stop OEM if it is running<br />
emctl stop dbconsole<br />
<br />
'''''If you are running other Oracle daemons stop them as well'''''<br />
<br />
This section assumes the following conditions about the existing Oracle installation:<br />
* oracle root is /oracle<br />
* oracle data is at /oracle/oradata/<sid><br />
<br />
Tar up entire Oracle installation and data.<br />
cd /<br />
tar czf oracle.tgz /oracle<br />
<br />
Using ssh and sftp or your method of choice transfer oracle.tgz to the root (/) of the target system.<br />
<br />
Login to target system as root and unpack the tar<br />
cd /<br />
tar xzf oracle.tgz<br />
chmod 755 -R /oracle<br />
chown -R oracle:dba /oracle<br />
<br />
Update system<br />
pacman -Sy pacman<br />
pacman -Syu<br />
pacman -S python<br />
pacman -U ftp://ftp.berlios.de/pub/aurbuild/aurbuild-1.8.4-1-any.pkg.tar.gz<br />
pacman -S unzip<br />
pacman -S sudo<br />
<br />
Install required package run Oracle database and ''required'' daemons.<br />
aurbuild -s libaio<br />
pacman -S sysstat<br />
<br />
Configure server for oracle<br />
[[Oracle#Configuration]]<br />
<br />
Setup OEM (optional)<br />
[[Oracle#Oracle_Enterprise_Manager_installation_.28optional.29]]<br />
<br />
Execute appropriate/desired post installation steps<br />
[[Oracle#Post_Installation]]<br />
<br />
<br />
===疑难解答===<br />
<br />
已知问题: The Oracle Universal Installer(ie, in silent mode) seems create errors when installing on other paths than "../app/oracle/..". <br />
<br />
===更多资源===<br />
----<br />
<br />
大部分的步骤是基于ubuntu用户的oracle安装向导,这篇文档包括一步一步的图形例子:<br />
http://www.pythian.com/blogs/1355/installing-oracle-11gr1-on-ubuntu-810-intrepid-ibex</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Oracle_Database_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=65002Oracle Database (简体中文)2009-03-14T04:53:56Z<p>Imagelife: /* Testing Database */</p>
<hr />
<div>===介绍===<br />
----<br />
<br />
这份文档将会帮助您把Oracle数据库11gR1安装到Arch Linux。使用安装方法2,您可以仅仅通过几个步骤完成长时间的安装过程。<br />
<br />
==安装方法1 - 手动==<br />
<br />
这节将会引导您在全新的archlinux上安装Oracle。这是一个通用的方法,在内核2.6.28.ARCH 64位机器上安装Oracle 11g R1 64<br />
位测试通过。'''''这在其他版本的Orale上也应该可以工作'''''。<br />
<br />
===准备安装===<br />
<br />
===安装桌面环境===<br />
# pacman -Syu<br />
# pacman -S python<br />
# pacman -U ftp://ftp.berlios.de/pub/aurbuild/aurbuild-1.8.4-1-any.pkg.tar.gz<br />
<br />
安装并测试Xorg。<br />
# pacman -S xorg<br />
# pacman -S hwd<br />
<br />
尽管从Xorg 7.4后,xorg.conf 不再需要。这命令是可选的。<br />
# hwd -x<br />
# cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf.vesa /etc/X11/xorg.conf<br />
<br />
使用<tt>startx</tt>检查(Should get mouse movement with X cursor - Ctrl-Alt-Backspace to exit.)<br />
$ startx<br />
<br />
安装桌面环境,Gnome,KDE 或 Xfce。这个例子假设Xfce4将被安装:<br />
# pacman -S xfce4<br />
# pacman -S pcmanfm<br />
<br />
运行 xfce:<br />
$ startxfce4 <br />
<br />
====安装Oracle数据库必需的软件包====<br />
<br />
Arch i686:<br />
*base-devel<br />
*java-runtime (openjdk6 or jre jdk)<br />
*ksh, rpm, gawk, gdb, libaio, libelf, sysstat, unixodbc, libstdc++5<br />
*unzip, sudo<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
*base-devel<br />
*java-runtime (openjdk6 or jre jdk)<br />
*ksh, rpm, gawk, gdb, libaio, libelf, sysstat, libstdc++5<br />
*unzip, sudo<br />
<br />
安装软件包:<br />
# pacman -S unzip sudo java-runtime base-devel<br />
<br />
安装ksh (problem with aurbuild -s ksh).<br />
mkdir -p ABS/ksh<br />
cd ABS/ksh<br />
chmod 777 -R /software<br />
wget --http-user "I accept www.opensource.org/licenses/cpl" --http-password "." http://www.research.att.com/~gsf/download/tgz/INIT.2008-11-04.tgz<br />
wget --http-user "I accept www.opensource.org/licenses/cpl" --http-password "." http://www.research.att.com/~gsf/download/tgz/ast-ksh.2008-11-04.tgz<br />
wget http://aur.archlinux.org/packages/ksh/ksh/PKGBUILD<br />
wget http://aur.archlinux.org/packages/ksh/ksh/ksh.install<br />
makepkg -c --asroot<br />
makepkg -i --asroot<br />
<br />
pacman -S icu<br />
aurbuild -s beecrypt<br />
aurbuild -s rpm<br />
pacman -S gawk<br />
pacman -S gdb<br />
aurbuild -s libaio<br />
pacman -S libelf<br />
pacman -S sysstat<br />
pacman -S libstdc++5<br />
<br />
Oracle32位数据库需要unixodbc。<br />
# pacman -S unixodbc<br />
<br />
可选的lib32 软件包 x86_64: <br />
# pacman -S lib32-libstdc++5 <br />
# pacman -S lib32-glibc <br />
# pacman -S lib32-gcc-libs<br />
<br />
Oracle数据库需要32位的libaio和unixodbc在x86_64上,但在32位上是不必要的。 <br />
<br />
Oracle Universal Installer需要的一些软链接。<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/rpm /bin/rpm<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/ksh /bin/ksh<br />
# ln -s /bin/awk /usr/bin/awk<br />
# ln -s /bin/tr /usr/bin/tr<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/basename /bin/basename<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
# ln -s /usr/lib /usr/lib64<br />
<br />
====配置====<br />
<br />
为Orcale数据库创建用户和组:<br />
# groupadd oinstall<br />
# groupadd dba<br />
# useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle<br />
<br />
为用户oracle设置密码:<br />
# passwd oracle<br />
<br />
可选: Add oracle to the {{Filename|sshd_config}} file.<br />
# pacman -S openssh<br />
Add this line to {{Filename|/etc/ssh/sshd_config}}:<br />
AllowUsers oracle<br />
<br />
Add oracle to {{Filename|/etc/sudoers}}. This will give oracle super user privilege.<br />
oracle ALL=(ALL) ALL<br />
<br />
Add these lines to {{Filename|/etc/sysctl.conf}} ('''''Review Oracle documentation to adjust these settings''''').<br />
# oracle kernel settings<br />
fs.file-max = 6553600<br />
kernel.shmall = 2097152<br />
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648<br />
kernel.shmmni = 4096<br />
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128<br />
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535<br />
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304<br />
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304<br />
net.core.wmem_default = 262144<br />
net.core.wmem_max = 262144<br />
<br />
Add these lines to {{Filename|/etc/security/limits.conf}} ('''''Review Oracle documentation to adjust these settings''''')<br />
# oracle settings<br />
oracle soft nproc 2047<br />
oracle hard nproc 16384<br />
oracle soft nofile 1024<br />
oracle hard nofile 65536<br />
<br />
可选: 想使变化生效您可以重启电脑。<br />
<br />
为Ocale数据库创建一些目录。您可以选择目录路径。下面是参考例子。 <br />
mkdir -p /oracle<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/inventory<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/recovery<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/product/db<br />
<br />
为目录设定权限。<br />
chown -R oracle:dba /oracle<br />
chmod 777 /tmp<br />
<br />
Create or update oracle bashrc {{Filename|/home/oracle/.bashrc}}. Here is an example of the oracle user settings.<br />
export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
export ORACLE_SID=xdb<br />
export ORACLE_INVENTORY=/oracle/inventory<br />
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_SID ORACLE_HOME<br />
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH<br />
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH<br />
export EDITOR=nano<br />
export VISUAL=nano<br />
<br />
===图形安装===<br />
<br />
====安装Oracle数据库软件====<br />
<br />
从下面下载Orcale数据库:<br />
http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html<br />
<br />
解压Oracle数据库。<br />
<br />
Arch i686:<br />
unzip linux_11gR1_database_1013.zip -d /media<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
unzip linux.x64_11gR1_database_1013.zip -d /media<br />
<br />
可选: Arch x86_64 (only required if the installer will not launch automatically ... at the time of this writing there was an issue with the packaged unzip in the 64-bit Oracle installer):<br />
cd /media/database/install<br />
mv unzip unzipx<br />
ln -s /usr/bin/unzip <br />
<br />
Change the permissions for the extracted Oracle database.<br />
chmod -R 777 /media/database<br />
chown -R oracle:oinstall /media/database<br />
<br />
Enter the directory where you extracted the Oracle database.<br />
<br />
In oder to run oracle installation script you need to export the X display as a normal user:<br />
DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY; xhost +<br />
<br />
Login as the user oracle and export the X display:<br />
su oracle<br />
DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY<br />
<br />
Enter the database directory and run the Oracle Universal Installer as the user oracle.<br />
cd /media/database<br />
./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs<br />
<br />
在图形安装过程中:<br />
# Click on "Next". <br />
# Choose "Enterprise Edition" Installation Type and click on "Next"<br />
# Oracle Base should be: /oracle. Don't change it, unless you know what you're doing. <br />
## Change the default "Name" to orarch or something else. <br />
## The predefined path in {{Filename|/etc/rc.d/oracledb}} is "db", ie: /oracle/product/db. If you want to use a different path you'll have to change {{Filename|/etc/rc.d/oracledb}}, so that the startup script can locate ORACLE_HOME directory.<br />
## After changing the defaults, click on "Next". <br />
# Since Oracle database requires certain distro requirement, you'll have to manually check them and then click on "Next".<br />
# Chose "Software Install Only" and click on "Next".<br />
# There is only one DBA group for oracle database. Click on "Next".<br />
# Install "Summary" shows what's going to be installed. Click on "Install".<br />
# The installation will take some time, especially the "Linking" part. Be patient! If you get an error message ignore it by clicking on "Continue".<br />
## At the end of the installation you'll have to open another terminal, and execute {{Filename|/oracle/product/db/root.sh}} as root. '''Don't click on "OK" yet'''.<br />
## When running root.sh, you'll be offered to use /usr/local/bin as the full pathname. Press the "Enter" key here.<br />
## Now you can click on "OK"<br />
# Installation is finished, click on "Exit" and "Yes", you really want to exit.<br />
<br />
===Oracle企业管理安装(可选)===<br />
<br />
This section describes how to install the web based OEM available in 10g+. <br />
<br />
''Depending on your settings the OUI may have already installed this''.<br />
<br />
Login or su to oracle, then run the following commands (answering the prompts approriately). '''''This may take a while'''''.<br />
cd ${ORACLE_HOME}/bin<br />
./emca -repos create<br />
./emca -config dbcontrol db<br />
<br />
Test this out by navigating to the enterprise manager (adjust the servername (localhost) apporpriately). <br />
https://localhost:1158/em/console<br />
<br />
You can control OEM with the following commands.<br />
emctl status dbconsole<br />
emctl stop dbconsole<br />
emctl start dbconsole<br />
<br />
<br />
==安装方法2 - AUR==<br />
===安装===<br />
{{note| 这种安装方法会自动创建数据库,因此,在安装完后,Orcale数据库就可以使用了。}}<br />
<br />
'''第一步'''<br />
从AUR里面下载Arch Linux 软件包:http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=23730<br />
下载Oracle数据库11gR1:http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html<br />
<br />
'''第二步'''<br />
解压Arch Linux 软件包到一个目录。同时把Oracle数据库11gR1复制到同一目录下。<br />
<br />
信息:默认的安装配置{{Filename| ee.rsp.patch}}是:<br />
ORACLE_BASE="/home/oracle/app/oracle"<br />
ORACLE_HOME="/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch"<br />
ORACLE_HOME_NAME="orarch"<br />
s_globalDBName="archlinux"<br />
s_dbSid="archlinux"<br />
s_superAdminSamePasswd="orarchdbadmin"<br />
s_superAdminSamePasswdAgain="orarchdbadmin"<br />
<br />
可选: You can either change the default password now or later after the installation. If you change the ee.rsp.patch file, you need to update the md5sums in the PKGBUILD file. To obtain the md5sum, run (makepkg -g) or:<br />
md5sum ee.rsp.patch <br />
<br />
创建Orcale数据库软件包通过使用makepkg:<br />
makepkg -s<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Step 3.'''<br />
安装已经创建好的软件包。<br />
<br />
Arch i686:<br />
pacman -U oracle-11gR1-1-i686.pkg.tar.gz <br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
pacman -U oracle-11gR1-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.gz <br />
<br />
Pacman现在将安装Oracle数据库通过执行Oracle自己的安装脚本(./runInstaller -silent -ignoreSysPrereqs)。 <br />
<br />
安装将花费一些时间。请耐心一点。在安装过程中不要退出终端,特别是安装脚本在执行配置助手时:<br />
.... <br />
Starting to execute configuration assistants<br />
Configuration assistant "Oracle Net Configuration Assistant" succeeded <br />
...<br />
<br />
安装脚本会结束像下面所举的:<br />
The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.<br />
#!/bin/sh<br />
#Root script to run<br />
/home/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh<br />
/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch/root.sh<br />
To execute the configuration scripts:<br />
1. Open a terminal window<br />
2. Log in as "root"<br />
3. Run the scripts<br />
<br />
The installation of Oracle Database 11g was successful.<br />
Please check '/home/oracle/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2009-03-03_07-24-10PM.log'<br />
for more details.<br />
<br />
'''第四步'''<br />
以root身份运行这些脚本:<br />
[ahc@archlinux ~]$ su<br />
Password: <br />
<br />
cd /home/oracle/oraInventory<br />
./orainstRoot.sh<br />
<br />
cd /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
./root.sh<br />
<br />
'''第五步'''<br />
默认的Oracle用户是“oracle”。由于没有为用户oracle设置密码,您需要以root身份运行passwd:<br />
passwd oracle<br />
<br />
<br />
'''第六步'''<br />
以用户oracle身份登录。<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
创建文件/home/oracle/.bashrc,然后添加这些行到.bashrc文件:<br />
export ORACLE_SID=archlinux<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
'''第七步'''<br />
如果您没有改变{{Filename| ee.rsp.patch}}文件,您需要'''为SYS和SYSTEM改变管理密码'''。 <br />
<br />
{{note|如果数据库没有被挂载或者打开,以用户oracle身份登录然后首先尝试: }}<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> startup mount;<br />
SQL> alter database open; <br />
<br />
为 '''SYSTEM'''用户更改密码:<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> show user<br />
USER is "SYS"<br />
<br />
SQL> passw system<br />
Changing password for system<br />
New password:<br />
Retype new password:<br />
Password changed<br />
<br />
SQL> quit<br />
<br />
为'''SYS''' 用户更改密码:<br />
sqlplus system/secretpassword<br />
<br />
SQL> show user;<br />
USER is "SYSTEM"<br />
<br />
SQL> passw sys<br />
Changing password for sys<br />
New password: <br />
Retype new password: <br />
Password changed<br />
<br />
SQL> quit<br />
<br />
==Post 安装===<br />
<br />
===创建初始化数据库===<br />
<br />
====图形====<br />
<br />
You have only installed the Oracle database software. Now you need to create a database. Login as the user oracle:<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
Export the ORACLE_HOME binary directory:<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
Run database installation script:<br />
dbca<br />
<br />
During the graphical installation:<br />
<br />
# Click on "Next".<br />
# Check "Create a Database" and click on "Next".<br />
# Check "General Purpose or Transaction Processing" and click on "Next".<br />
# Chose a database name and SID. Example: Global Database Name: <tt>archlinux</tt>, SID: <tt>archlinux</tt>. And then click on "Next".<br />
# Uncheck "Configure Enterprise Manager", leave it empty and click on "Next".<br />
# Check "Use the Same Administrative Password for All Accounts", set password and click on "Next". <br />
# Check "File System" and click on "Next".<br />
# Check "Use Database File Locations from Template" and click on "Next".<br />
# Uncheck "Specify Flash Recovery Area" and click on "Next".<br />
# No need for "Sample Schemas", click on "Next".<br />
# If you don't know what you're doing, check "Typical" and click on "Next"<br />
# Check "Keep the enhanced 11g default security settings" and click on "Next".<br />
# Uncheck "Enable automatic maintenance tasks" if you wish to do it by yourself and click on "Next".<br />
# View your filesystem layout and click on "Next".<br />
# "Create Database" is checked by default. Click on "Finish" to create database.<br />
# Summary of following operations to be performed, click on "OK".<br />
# When database creation is complete, click on "Exit".<br />
<br />
====Scripted====<br />
This section walks you through doing a scripted initial database creation.<br />
<br />
{{Note | The scripts assume they are the first database to be installed on this system. If this is not the case review the xdb-create.sh script and comment out the portions which deal with the *.ora files.}}<br />
<br />
Download the following tar file with a set of scripted database installation scripts.<br />
wget http://sites.google.com/site/mbasil77/Home/instanceCreateXdb.tgz<br />
<br />
Extract the directory<br />
tar xzf instanceCreateXdb.tgz<br />
<br />
Move into instanceCreateXdb directory<br />
cd instanceCreateXdb<br />
<br />
File list<br />
* CreateDB.sql<br />
* CreateDBCatalog.sql<br />
* initxdb.dbs.ora<br />
* initxdb.ora<br />
* listener.ora<br />
* postDBCreation.sql<br />
* sqlnet.ora<br />
* sysObjects.sql<br />
* tnsnames.ora<br />
* xdb-create.sh<br />
* xdb-create.sql<br />
* xdb-secfix.sh<br />
<br />
Script notes<br />
* the files assume a database sid of '''xdb'''<br />
* the files assume an oracle base of '''/oracle/product/db'''<br />
* '''''review all memory and storage parameters against Oracle documentation'''''<br />
<br />
Setup filesystem (as root)<br />
./xdb-create.sh<br />
<br />
Install database from script ('''''this will take a long time''''')<br />
su oracle<br />
sqlplus / as sysdba @/oracle/admin/xdb/scripts/xdb-create.sql<br />
<br />
====测试数据库====<br />
<br />
以用户oracle身份登录,然后运行 export ORACLE_SID="yourSID"等,:<br />
export ORACLE_SID=xdb<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
运行oraenv来确认已经export的配置:<br />
oraenv<br />
<br />
ORACLE_SID = [xdb] ? <br />
The Oracle base for ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db <br />
is /oracle<br />
<br />
<br />
检查数据库是否关闭或开启:<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> shutdown immediate;<br />
Database closed.<br />
Database dismounted.<br />
ORACLE instance shut down.<br />
<br />
SQL> startup mount;<br />
<br />
ORACLE instance started.<br />
<br />
Total System Global Area 385003520 bytes<br />
Fixed Size 1300100 bytes<br />
Variable Size 234883452 bytes<br />
Database Buffers 142606336 bytes<br />
Redo Buffers 6213632 bytes<br />
Database mounted.<br />
Database opened.<br />
<br />
Type "quit" when you want to leave SQL prompt:<br />
SQL> quit<br />
<br />
===Starting oracle during the boot===<br />
<br />
If you want to start with your oracle SID, replace ":N" with ":Y" in /etc/oratab:<br />
<your sid>:<oracle home>:N<br />
<your sid>:<oracle home>:Y<br />
<br />
Example from Scripted database creation (/etc/oratab):<br />
xdb:/oracle/product/db:Y<br />
<br />
To start the oracle database daemon during boot, add "oracledb" in your /etc/rc.conf:<br />
<br />
DAEMONS=(oracledb syslog-ng dbus !network netfs crond ntpd alsa hal wicd fam)<br />
<br />
Note: If the daemon doesn't start, please check that the ORACLE_HOME path matches your current oracle directory in /etc/rc.d/oracledb:<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
<br />
[oracle@archlinux orarch]$ pwd<br />
/oracle/product/db<br />
<br />
Test starting the daemon as root:<br />
/etc/rc.d/oracledb start<br />
<br />
Starting Oracle: <br />
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 27-FEB-2009 23:14:45<br />
...<br />
The command completed successfully<br />
Processing Database instance "archlinux": log file <br />
/oracle/product/db/startup.log<br />
OK<br />
<br />
Now you'll login to your oracle database each time you reboot:<br />
su oracle<br />
export ORACLE_SID=xdb<br />
oraenv<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
Install Method 2:<br />
su oracle<br />
export ORACLE_SID=archlinux<br />
oraenv<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
===Setting Permissions for Normal Users===<br />
<br />
Since there is only one user(oracle) that has access to the oracle database, you need to add your normal user to the group "dba". In this case "joe" is the normal user:<br />
gpasswd -a joe dba<br />
<br />
The group changes will take effect after you logout and login again. The user oracle has the permissions to access the oracle home directory, ie /home/oracle:<br />
drwx------ 6 oracle dba 4096 2009-02-27 23:27 oracle<br />
<br />
You need to grant the group "dba" permission to execute the binary files in the oracle home directory:<br />
chmod -R g+x /home/oracle<br />
<br />
Now you'll be able to run the oracle database as the normal user.<br />
<br />
==Transfer existing Oracle installation ==<br />
<br />
Moving or transferring Oracle can be quite useful in the following conditions:<br />
* replacing hardware<br />
* setting up several dev machines<br />
* running lean system (no desktop manager, java, etc)<br />
<br />
The installation of Oracle requires several packages. However, just running an Oracle database is much simpler and has far fewer requirements, as shown below. <br />
<br />
''In principle transferring Oracle should work across distros. Transferring from RHEL/Centos 5.2 to ARCH 2009.02 has been tested successfully.''<br />
<br />
To prep Oracle for a move shutdown database services<br />
dbstop ${ORACLE_HOME}<br />
lsnrctl stop<br />
<br />
Optional: stop OEM if it is running<br />
emctl stop dbconsole<br />
<br />
'''''If you are running other Oracle daemons stop them as well'''''<br />
<br />
This section assumes the following conditions about the existing Oracle installation:<br />
* oracle root is /oracle<br />
* oracle data is at /oracle/oradata/<sid><br />
<br />
Tar up entire Oracle installation and data.<br />
cd /<br />
tar czf oracle.tgz /oracle<br />
<br />
Using ssh and sftp or your method of choice transfer oracle.tgz to the root (/) of the target system.<br />
<br />
Login to target system as root and unpack the tar<br />
cd /<br />
tar xzf oracle.tgz<br />
chmod 755 -R /oracle<br />
chown -R oracle:dba /oracle<br />
<br />
Update system<br />
pacman -Sy pacman<br />
pacman -Syu<br />
pacman -S python<br />
pacman -U ftp://ftp.berlios.de/pub/aurbuild/aurbuild-1.8.4-1-any.pkg.tar.gz<br />
pacman -S unzip<br />
pacman -S sudo<br />
<br />
Install required package run Oracle database and ''required'' daemons.<br />
aurbuild -s libaio<br />
pacman -S sysstat<br />
<br />
Configure server for oracle<br />
[[Oracle#Configuration]]<br />
<br />
Setup OEM (optional)<br />
[[Oracle#Oracle_Enterprise_Manager_installation_.28optional.29]]<br />
<br />
Execute appropriate/desired post installation steps<br />
[[Oracle#Post_Installation]]<br />
<br />
<br />
===疑难解答===<br />
<br />
已知问题: The Oracle Universal Installer(ie, in silent mode) seems create errors when installing on other paths than "../app/oracle/..". <br />
<br />
===更多资源===<br />
----<br />
<br />
大部分的步骤是基于ubuntu用户的oracle安装向导,这篇文档包括一步一步的图形例子:<br />
http://www.pythian.com/blogs/1355/installing-oracle-11gr1-on-ubuntu-810-intrepid-ibex</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Oracle_Database_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=65001Oracle Database (简体中文)2009-03-14T04:51:02Z<p>Imagelife: /* 安装 */</p>
<hr />
<div>===介绍===<br />
----<br />
<br />
这份文档将会帮助您把Oracle数据库11gR1安装到Arch Linux。使用安装方法2,您可以仅仅通过几个步骤完成长时间的安装过程。<br />
<br />
==安装方法1 - 手动==<br />
<br />
这节将会引导您在全新的archlinux上安装Oracle。这是一个通用的方法,在内核2.6.28.ARCH 64位机器上安装Oracle 11g R1 64<br />
位测试通过。'''''这在其他版本的Orale上也应该可以工作'''''。<br />
<br />
===准备安装===<br />
<br />
===安装桌面环境===<br />
# pacman -Syu<br />
# pacman -S python<br />
# pacman -U ftp://ftp.berlios.de/pub/aurbuild/aurbuild-1.8.4-1-any.pkg.tar.gz<br />
<br />
安装并测试Xorg。<br />
# pacman -S xorg<br />
# pacman -S hwd<br />
<br />
尽管从Xorg 7.4后,xorg.conf 不再需要。这命令是可选的。<br />
# hwd -x<br />
# cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf.vesa /etc/X11/xorg.conf<br />
<br />
使用<tt>startx</tt>检查(Should get mouse movement with X cursor - Ctrl-Alt-Backspace to exit.)<br />
$ startx<br />
<br />
安装桌面环境,Gnome,KDE 或 Xfce。这个例子假设Xfce4将被安装:<br />
# pacman -S xfce4<br />
# pacman -S pcmanfm<br />
<br />
运行 xfce:<br />
$ startxfce4 <br />
<br />
====安装Oracle数据库必需的软件包====<br />
<br />
Arch i686:<br />
*base-devel<br />
*java-runtime (openjdk6 or jre jdk)<br />
*ksh, rpm, gawk, gdb, libaio, libelf, sysstat, unixodbc, libstdc++5<br />
*unzip, sudo<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
*base-devel<br />
*java-runtime (openjdk6 or jre jdk)<br />
*ksh, rpm, gawk, gdb, libaio, libelf, sysstat, libstdc++5<br />
*unzip, sudo<br />
<br />
安装软件包:<br />
# pacman -S unzip sudo java-runtime base-devel<br />
<br />
安装ksh (problem with aurbuild -s ksh).<br />
mkdir -p ABS/ksh<br />
cd ABS/ksh<br />
chmod 777 -R /software<br />
wget --http-user "I accept www.opensource.org/licenses/cpl" --http-password "." http://www.research.att.com/~gsf/download/tgz/INIT.2008-11-04.tgz<br />
wget --http-user "I accept www.opensource.org/licenses/cpl" --http-password "." http://www.research.att.com/~gsf/download/tgz/ast-ksh.2008-11-04.tgz<br />
wget http://aur.archlinux.org/packages/ksh/ksh/PKGBUILD<br />
wget http://aur.archlinux.org/packages/ksh/ksh/ksh.install<br />
makepkg -c --asroot<br />
makepkg -i --asroot<br />
<br />
pacman -S icu<br />
aurbuild -s beecrypt<br />
aurbuild -s rpm<br />
pacman -S gawk<br />
pacman -S gdb<br />
aurbuild -s libaio<br />
pacman -S libelf<br />
pacman -S sysstat<br />
pacman -S libstdc++5<br />
<br />
Oracle32位数据库需要unixodbc。<br />
# pacman -S unixodbc<br />
<br />
可选的lib32 软件包 x86_64: <br />
# pacman -S lib32-libstdc++5 <br />
# pacman -S lib32-glibc <br />
# pacman -S lib32-gcc-libs<br />
<br />
Oracle数据库需要32位的libaio和unixodbc在x86_64上,但在32位上是不必要的。 <br />
<br />
Oracle Universal Installer需要的一些软链接。<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/rpm /bin/rpm<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/ksh /bin/ksh<br />
# ln -s /bin/awk /usr/bin/awk<br />
# ln -s /bin/tr /usr/bin/tr<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/basename /bin/basename<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
# ln -s /usr/lib /usr/lib64<br />
<br />
====配置====<br />
<br />
为Orcale数据库创建用户和组:<br />
# groupadd oinstall<br />
# groupadd dba<br />
# useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle<br />
<br />
为用户oracle设置密码:<br />
# passwd oracle<br />
<br />
可选: Add oracle to the {{Filename|sshd_config}} file.<br />
# pacman -S openssh<br />
Add this line to {{Filename|/etc/ssh/sshd_config}}:<br />
AllowUsers oracle<br />
<br />
Add oracle to {{Filename|/etc/sudoers}}. This will give oracle super user privilege.<br />
oracle ALL=(ALL) ALL<br />
<br />
Add these lines to {{Filename|/etc/sysctl.conf}} ('''''Review Oracle documentation to adjust these settings''''').<br />
# oracle kernel settings<br />
fs.file-max = 6553600<br />
kernel.shmall = 2097152<br />
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648<br />
kernel.shmmni = 4096<br />
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128<br />
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535<br />
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304<br />
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304<br />
net.core.wmem_default = 262144<br />
net.core.wmem_max = 262144<br />
<br />
Add these lines to {{Filename|/etc/security/limits.conf}} ('''''Review Oracle documentation to adjust these settings''''')<br />
# oracle settings<br />
oracle soft nproc 2047<br />
oracle hard nproc 16384<br />
oracle soft nofile 1024<br />
oracle hard nofile 65536<br />
<br />
可选: 想使变化生效您可以重启电脑。<br />
<br />
为Ocale数据库创建一些目录。您可以选择目录路径。下面是参考例子。 <br />
mkdir -p /oracle<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/inventory<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/recovery<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/product/db<br />
<br />
为目录设定权限。<br />
chown -R oracle:dba /oracle<br />
chmod 777 /tmp<br />
<br />
Create or update oracle bashrc {{Filename|/home/oracle/.bashrc}}. Here is an example of the oracle user settings.<br />
export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
export ORACLE_SID=xdb<br />
export ORACLE_INVENTORY=/oracle/inventory<br />
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_SID ORACLE_HOME<br />
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH<br />
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH<br />
export EDITOR=nano<br />
export VISUAL=nano<br />
<br />
===图形安装===<br />
<br />
====安装Oracle数据库软件====<br />
<br />
从下面下载Orcale数据库:<br />
http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html<br />
<br />
解压Oracle数据库。<br />
<br />
Arch i686:<br />
unzip linux_11gR1_database_1013.zip -d /media<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
unzip linux.x64_11gR1_database_1013.zip -d /media<br />
<br />
可选: Arch x86_64 (only required if the installer will not launch automatically ... at the time of this writing there was an issue with the packaged unzip in the 64-bit Oracle installer):<br />
cd /media/database/install<br />
mv unzip unzipx<br />
ln -s /usr/bin/unzip <br />
<br />
Change the permissions for the extracted Oracle database.<br />
chmod -R 777 /media/database<br />
chown -R oracle:oinstall /media/database<br />
<br />
Enter the directory where you extracted the Oracle database.<br />
<br />
In oder to run oracle installation script you need to export the X display as a normal user:<br />
DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY; xhost +<br />
<br />
Login as the user oracle and export the X display:<br />
su oracle<br />
DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY<br />
<br />
Enter the database directory and run the Oracle Universal Installer as the user oracle.<br />
cd /media/database<br />
./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs<br />
<br />
在图形安装过程中:<br />
# Click on "Next". <br />
# Choose "Enterprise Edition" Installation Type and click on "Next"<br />
# Oracle Base should be: /oracle. Don't change it, unless you know what you're doing. <br />
## Change the default "Name" to orarch or something else. <br />
## The predefined path in {{Filename|/etc/rc.d/oracledb}} is "db", ie: /oracle/product/db. If you want to use a different path you'll have to change {{Filename|/etc/rc.d/oracledb}}, so that the startup script can locate ORACLE_HOME directory.<br />
## After changing the defaults, click on "Next". <br />
# Since Oracle database requires certain distro requirement, you'll have to manually check them and then click on "Next".<br />
# Chose "Software Install Only" and click on "Next".<br />
# There is only one DBA group for oracle database. Click on "Next".<br />
# Install "Summary" shows what's going to be installed. Click on "Install".<br />
# The installation will take some time, especially the "Linking" part. Be patient! If you get an error message ignore it by clicking on "Continue".<br />
## At the end of the installation you'll have to open another terminal, and execute {{Filename|/oracle/product/db/root.sh}} as root. '''Don't click on "OK" yet'''.<br />
## When running root.sh, you'll be offered to use /usr/local/bin as the full pathname. Press the "Enter" key here.<br />
## Now you can click on "OK"<br />
# Installation is finished, click on "Exit" and "Yes", you really want to exit.<br />
<br />
===Oracle企业管理安装(可选)===<br />
<br />
This section describes how to install the web based OEM available in 10g+. <br />
<br />
''Depending on your settings the OUI may have already installed this''.<br />
<br />
Login or su to oracle, then run the following commands (answering the prompts approriately). '''''This may take a while'''''.<br />
cd ${ORACLE_HOME}/bin<br />
./emca -repos create<br />
./emca -config dbcontrol db<br />
<br />
Test this out by navigating to the enterprise manager (adjust the servername (localhost) apporpriately). <br />
https://localhost:1158/em/console<br />
<br />
You can control OEM with the following commands.<br />
emctl status dbconsole<br />
emctl stop dbconsole<br />
emctl start dbconsole<br />
<br />
<br />
==安装方法2 - AUR==<br />
===安装===<br />
{{note| 这种安装方法会自动创建数据库,因此,在安装完后,Orcale数据库就可以使用了。}}<br />
<br />
'''第一步'''<br />
从AUR里面下载Arch Linux 软件包:http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=23730<br />
下载Oracle数据库11gR1:http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html<br />
<br />
'''第二步'''<br />
解压Arch Linux 软件包到一个目录。同时把Oracle数据库11gR1复制到同一目录下。<br />
<br />
信息:默认的安装配置{{Filename| ee.rsp.patch}}是:<br />
ORACLE_BASE="/home/oracle/app/oracle"<br />
ORACLE_HOME="/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch"<br />
ORACLE_HOME_NAME="orarch"<br />
s_globalDBName="archlinux"<br />
s_dbSid="archlinux"<br />
s_superAdminSamePasswd="orarchdbadmin"<br />
s_superAdminSamePasswdAgain="orarchdbadmin"<br />
<br />
可选: You can either change the default password now or later after the installation. If you change the ee.rsp.patch file, you need to update the md5sums in the PKGBUILD file. To obtain the md5sum, run (makepkg -g) or:<br />
md5sum ee.rsp.patch <br />
<br />
创建Orcale数据库软件包通过使用makepkg:<br />
makepkg -s<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Step 3.'''<br />
安装已经创建好的软件包。<br />
<br />
Arch i686:<br />
pacman -U oracle-11gR1-1-i686.pkg.tar.gz <br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
pacman -U oracle-11gR1-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.gz <br />
<br />
Pacman现在将安装Oracle数据库通过执行Oracle自己的安装脚本(./runInstaller -silent -ignoreSysPrereqs)。 <br />
<br />
安装将花费一些时间。请耐心一点。在安装过程中不要退出终端,特别是安装脚本在执行配置助手时:<br />
.... <br />
Starting to execute configuration assistants<br />
Configuration assistant "Oracle Net Configuration Assistant" succeeded <br />
...<br />
<br />
安装脚本会结束像下面所举的:<br />
The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.<br />
#!/bin/sh<br />
#Root script to run<br />
/home/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh<br />
/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch/root.sh<br />
To execute the configuration scripts:<br />
1. Open a terminal window<br />
2. Log in as "root"<br />
3. Run the scripts<br />
<br />
The installation of Oracle Database 11g was successful.<br />
Please check '/home/oracle/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2009-03-03_07-24-10PM.log'<br />
for more details.<br />
<br />
'''第四步'''<br />
以root身份运行这些脚本:<br />
[ahc@archlinux ~]$ su<br />
Password: <br />
<br />
cd /home/oracle/oraInventory<br />
./orainstRoot.sh<br />
<br />
cd /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
./root.sh<br />
<br />
'''第五步'''<br />
默认的Oracle用户是“oracle”。由于没有为用户oracle设置密码,您需要以root身份运行passwd:<br />
passwd oracle<br />
<br />
<br />
'''第六步'''<br />
以用户oracle身份登录。<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
创建文件/home/oracle/.bashrc,然后添加这些行到.bashrc文件:<br />
export ORACLE_SID=archlinux<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
'''第七步'''<br />
如果您没有改变{{Filename| ee.rsp.patch}}文件,您需要'''为SYS和SYSTEM改变管理密码'''。 <br />
<br />
{{note|如果数据库没有被挂载或者打开,以用户oracle身份登录然后首先尝试: }}<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> startup mount;<br />
SQL> alter database open; <br />
<br />
为 '''SYSTEM'''用户更改密码:<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> show user<br />
USER is "SYS"<br />
<br />
SQL> passw system<br />
Changing password for system<br />
New password:<br />
Retype new password:<br />
Password changed<br />
<br />
SQL> quit<br />
<br />
为'''SYS''' 用户更改密码:<br />
sqlplus system/secretpassword<br />
<br />
SQL> show user;<br />
USER is "SYSTEM"<br />
<br />
SQL> passw sys<br />
Changing password for sys<br />
New password: <br />
Retype new password: <br />
Password changed<br />
<br />
SQL> quit<br />
<br />
==Post 安装===<br />
<br />
===创建初始化数据库===<br />
<br />
====图形====<br />
<br />
You have only installed the Oracle database software. Now you need to create a database. Login as the user oracle:<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
Export the ORACLE_HOME binary directory:<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
Run database installation script:<br />
dbca<br />
<br />
During the graphical installation:<br />
<br />
# Click on "Next".<br />
# Check "Create a Database" and click on "Next".<br />
# Check "General Purpose or Transaction Processing" and click on "Next".<br />
# Chose a database name and SID. Example: Global Database Name: <tt>archlinux</tt>, SID: <tt>archlinux</tt>. And then click on "Next".<br />
# Uncheck "Configure Enterprise Manager", leave it empty and click on "Next".<br />
# Check "Use the Same Administrative Password for All Accounts", set password and click on "Next". <br />
# Check "File System" and click on "Next".<br />
# Check "Use Database File Locations from Template" and click on "Next".<br />
# Uncheck "Specify Flash Recovery Area" and click on "Next".<br />
# No need for "Sample Schemas", click on "Next".<br />
# If you don't know what you're doing, check "Typical" and click on "Next"<br />
# Check "Keep the enhanced 11g default security settings" and click on "Next".<br />
# Uncheck "Enable automatic maintenance tasks" if you wish to do it by yourself and click on "Next".<br />
# View your filesystem layout and click on "Next".<br />
# "Create Database" is checked by default. Click on "Finish" to create database.<br />
# Summary of following operations to be performed, click on "OK".<br />
# When database creation is complete, click on "Exit".<br />
<br />
====Scripted====<br />
This section walks you through doing a scripted initial database creation.<br />
<br />
{{Note | The scripts assume they are the first database to be installed on this system. If this is not the case review the xdb-create.sh script and comment out the portions which deal with the *.ora files.}}<br />
<br />
Download the following tar file with a set of scripted database installation scripts.<br />
wget http://sites.google.com/site/mbasil77/Home/instanceCreateXdb.tgz<br />
<br />
Extract the directory<br />
tar xzf instanceCreateXdb.tgz<br />
<br />
Move into instanceCreateXdb directory<br />
cd instanceCreateXdb<br />
<br />
File list<br />
* CreateDB.sql<br />
* CreateDBCatalog.sql<br />
* initxdb.dbs.ora<br />
* initxdb.ora<br />
* listener.ora<br />
* postDBCreation.sql<br />
* sqlnet.ora<br />
* sysObjects.sql<br />
* tnsnames.ora<br />
* xdb-create.sh<br />
* xdb-create.sql<br />
* xdb-secfix.sh<br />
<br />
Script notes<br />
* the files assume a database sid of '''xdb'''<br />
* the files assume an oracle base of '''/oracle/product/db'''<br />
* '''''review all memory and storage parameters against Oracle documentation'''''<br />
<br />
Setup filesystem (as root)<br />
./xdb-create.sh<br />
<br />
Install database from script ('''''this will take a long time''''')<br />
su oracle<br />
sqlplus / as sysdba @/oracle/admin/xdb/scripts/xdb-create.sql<br />
<br />
====Testing Database====<br />
<br />
Login as the user oracle and run export ORACLE_SID="yourSID" etc., ie:<br />
export ORACLE_SID=xdb<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
Running oraenv should confirm the exported configuration:<br />
oraenv<br />
<br />
ORACLE_SID = [xdb] ? <br />
The Oracle base for ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db <br />
is /oracle<br />
<br />
<br />
Check if the database is shutting down or starting:<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> shutdown immediate;<br />
Database closed.<br />
Database dismounted.<br />
ORACLE instance shut down.<br />
<br />
SQL> startup mount;<br />
<br />
ORACLE instance started.<br />
<br />
Total System Global Area 385003520 bytes<br />
Fixed Size 1300100 bytes<br />
Variable Size 234883452 bytes<br />
Database Buffers 142606336 bytes<br />
Redo Buffers 6213632 bytes<br />
Database mounted.<br />
Database opened.<br />
<br />
Type "quit" when you want to leave SQL prompt:<br />
SQL> quit<br />
<br />
===Starting oracle during the boot===<br />
<br />
If you want to start with your oracle SID, replace ":N" with ":Y" in /etc/oratab:<br />
<your sid>:<oracle home>:N<br />
<your sid>:<oracle home>:Y<br />
<br />
Example from Scripted database creation (/etc/oratab):<br />
xdb:/oracle/product/db:Y<br />
<br />
To start the oracle database daemon during boot, add "oracledb" in your /etc/rc.conf:<br />
<br />
DAEMONS=(oracledb syslog-ng dbus !network netfs crond ntpd alsa hal wicd fam)<br />
<br />
Note: If the daemon doesn't start, please check that the ORACLE_HOME path matches your current oracle directory in /etc/rc.d/oracledb:<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
<br />
[oracle@archlinux orarch]$ pwd<br />
/oracle/product/db<br />
<br />
Test starting the daemon as root:<br />
/etc/rc.d/oracledb start<br />
<br />
Starting Oracle: <br />
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 27-FEB-2009 23:14:45<br />
...<br />
The command completed successfully<br />
Processing Database instance "archlinux": log file <br />
/oracle/product/db/startup.log<br />
OK<br />
<br />
Now you'll login to your oracle database each time you reboot:<br />
su oracle<br />
export ORACLE_SID=xdb<br />
oraenv<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
Install Method 2:<br />
su oracle<br />
export ORACLE_SID=archlinux<br />
oraenv<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
===Setting Permissions for Normal Users===<br />
<br />
Since there is only one user(oracle) that has access to the oracle database, you need to add your normal user to the group "dba". In this case "joe" is the normal user:<br />
gpasswd -a joe dba<br />
<br />
The group changes will take effect after you logout and login again. The user oracle has the permissions to access the oracle home directory, ie /home/oracle:<br />
drwx------ 6 oracle dba 4096 2009-02-27 23:27 oracle<br />
<br />
You need to grant the group "dba" permission to execute the binary files in the oracle home directory:<br />
chmod -R g+x /home/oracle<br />
<br />
Now you'll be able to run the oracle database as the normal user.<br />
<br />
==Transfer existing Oracle installation ==<br />
<br />
Moving or transferring Oracle can be quite useful in the following conditions:<br />
* replacing hardware<br />
* setting up several dev machines<br />
* running lean system (no desktop manager, java, etc)<br />
<br />
The installation of Oracle requires several packages. However, just running an Oracle database is much simpler and has far fewer requirements, as shown below. <br />
<br />
''In principle transferring Oracle should work across distros. Transferring from RHEL/Centos 5.2 to ARCH 2009.02 has been tested successfully.''<br />
<br />
To prep Oracle for a move shutdown database services<br />
dbstop ${ORACLE_HOME}<br />
lsnrctl stop<br />
<br />
Optional: stop OEM if it is running<br />
emctl stop dbconsole<br />
<br />
'''''If you are running other Oracle daemons stop them as well'''''<br />
<br />
This section assumes the following conditions about the existing Oracle installation:<br />
* oracle root is /oracle<br />
* oracle data is at /oracle/oradata/<sid><br />
<br />
Tar up entire Oracle installation and data.<br />
cd /<br />
tar czf oracle.tgz /oracle<br />
<br />
Using ssh and sftp or your method of choice transfer oracle.tgz to the root (/) of the target system.<br />
<br />
Login to target system as root and unpack the tar<br />
cd /<br />
tar xzf oracle.tgz<br />
chmod 755 -R /oracle<br />
chown -R oracle:dba /oracle<br />
<br />
Update system<br />
pacman -Sy pacman<br />
pacman -Syu<br />
pacman -S python<br />
pacman -U ftp://ftp.berlios.de/pub/aurbuild/aurbuild-1.8.4-1-any.pkg.tar.gz<br />
pacman -S unzip<br />
pacman -S sudo<br />
<br />
Install required package run Oracle database and ''required'' daemons.<br />
aurbuild -s libaio<br />
pacman -S sysstat<br />
<br />
Configure server for oracle<br />
[[Oracle#Configuration]]<br />
<br />
Setup OEM (optional)<br />
[[Oracle#Oracle_Enterprise_Manager_installation_.28optional.29]]<br />
<br />
Execute appropriate/desired post installation steps<br />
[[Oracle#Post_Installation]]<br />
<br />
<br />
===疑难解答===<br />
<br />
已知问题: The Oracle Universal Installer(ie, in silent mode) seems create errors when installing on other paths than "../app/oracle/..". <br />
<br />
===更多资源===<br />
----<br />
<br />
大部分的步骤是基于ubuntu用户的oracle安装向导,这篇文档包括一步一步的图形例子:<br />
http://www.pythian.com/blogs/1355/installing-oracle-11gr1-on-ubuntu-810-intrepid-ibex</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Oracle_Database_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=65000Oracle Database (简体中文)2009-03-14T04:50:23Z<p>Imagelife: /* 安装 */</p>
<hr />
<div>===介绍===<br />
----<br />
<br />
这份文档将会帮助您把Oracle数据库11gR1安装到Arch Linux。使用安装方法2,您可以仅仅通过几个步骤完成长时间的安装过程。<br />
<br />
==安装方法1 - 手动==<br />
<br />
这节将会引导您在全新的archlinux上安装Oracle。这是一个通用的方法,在内核2.6.28.ARCH 64位机器上安装Oracle 11g R1 64<br />
位测试通过。'''''这在其他版本的Orale上也应该可以工作'''''。<br />
<br />
===准备安装===<br />
<br />
===安装桌面环境===<br />
# pacman -Syu<br />
# pacman -S python<br />
# pacman -U ftp://ftp.berlios.de/pub/aurbuild/aurbuild-1.8.4-1-any.pkg.tar.gz<br />
<br />
安装并测试Xorg。<br />
# pacman -S xorg<br />
# pacman -S hwd<br />
<br />
尽管从Xorg 7.4后,xorg.conf 不再需要。这命令是可选的。<br />
# hwd -x<br />
# cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf.vesa /etc/X11/xorg.conf<br />
<br />
使用<tt>startx</tt>检查(Should get mouse movement with X cursor - Ctrl-Alt-Backspace to exit.)<br />
$ startx<br />
<br />
安装桌面环境,Gnome,KDE 或 Xfce。这个例子假设Xfce4将被安装:<br />
# pacman -S xfce4<br />
# pacman -S pcmanfm<br />
<br />
运行 xfce:<br />
$ startxfce4 <br />
<br />
====安装Oracle数据库必需的软件包====<br />
<br />
Arch i686:<br />
*base-devel<br />
*java-runtime (openjdk6 or jre jdk)<br />
*ksh, rpm, gawk, gdb, libaio, libelf, sysstat, unixodbc, libstdc++5<br />
*unzip, sudo<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
*base-devel<br />
*java-runtime (openjdk6 or jre jdk)<br />
*ksh, rpm, gawk, gdb, libaio, libelf, sysstat, libstdc++5<br />
*unzip, sudo<br />
<br />
安装软件包:<br />
# pacman -S unzip sudo java-runtime base-devel<br />
<br />
安装ksh (problem with aurbuild -s ksh).<br />
mkdir -p ABS/ksh<br />
cd ABS/ksh<br />
chmod 777 -R /software<br />
wget --http-user "I accept www.opensource.org/licenses/cpl" --http-password "." http://www.research.att.com/~gsf/download/tgz/INIT.2008-11-04.tgz<br />
wget --http-user "I accept www.opensource.org/licenses/cpl" --http-password "." http://www.research.att.com/~gsf/download/tgz/ast-ksh.2008-11-04.tgz<br />
wget http://aur.archlinux.org/packages/ksh/ksh/PKGBUILD<br />
wget http://aur.archlinux.org/packages/ksh/ksh/ksh.install<br />
makepkg -c --asroot<br />
makepkg -i --asroot<br />
<br />
pacman -S icu<br />
aurbuild -s beecrypt<br />
aurbuild -s rpm<br />
pacman -S gawk<br />
pacman -S gdb<br />
aurbuild -s libaio<br />
pacman -S libelf<br />
pacman -S sysstat<br />
pacman -S libstdc++5<br />
<br />
Oracle32位数据库需要unixodbc。<br />
# pacman -S unixodbc<br />
<br />
可选的lib32 软件包 x86_64: <br />
# pacman -S lib32-libstdc++5 <br />
# pacman -S lib32-glibc <br />
# pacman -S lib32-gcc-libs<br />
<br />
Oracle数据库需要32位的libaio和unixodbc在x86_64上,但在32位上是不必要的。 <br />
<br />
Oracle Universal Installer需要的一些软链接。<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/rpm /bin/rpm<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/ksh /bin/ksh<br />
# ln -s /bin/awk /usr/bin/awk<br />
# ln -s /bin/tr /usr/bin/tr<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/basename /bin/basename<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
# ln -s /usr/lib /usr/lib64<br />
<br />
====配置====<br />
<br />
为Orcale数据库创建用户和组:<br />
# groupadd oinstall<br />
# groupadd dba<br />
# useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle<br />
<br />
为用户oracle设置密码:<br />
# passwd oracle<br />
<br />
可选: Add oracle to the {{Filename|sshd_config}} file.<br />
# pacman -S openssh<br />
Add this line to {{Filename|/etc/ssh/sshd_config}}:<br />
AllowUsers oracle<br />
<br />
Add oracle to {{Filename|/etc/sudoers}}. This will give oracle super user privilege.<br />
oracle ALL=(ALL) ALL<br />
<br />
Add these lines to {{Filename|/etc/sysctl.conf}} ('''''Review Oracle documentation to adjust these settings''''').<br />
# oracle kernel settings<br />
fs.file-max = 6553600<br />
kernel.shmall = 2097152<br />
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648<br />
kernel.shmmni = 4096<br />
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128<br />
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535<br />
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304<br />
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304<br />
net.core.wmem_default = 262144<br />
net.core.wmem_max = 262144<br />
<br />
Add these lines to {{Filename|/etc/security/limits.conf}} ('''''Review Oracle documentation to adjust these settings''''')<br />
# oracle settings<br />
oracle soft nproc 2047<br />
oracle hard nproc 16384<br />
oracle soft nofile 1024<br />
oracle hard nofile 65536<br />
<br />
可选: 想使变化生效您可以重启电脑。<br />
<br />
为Ocale数据库创建一些目录。您可以选择目录路径。下面是参考例子。 <br />
mkdir -p /oracle<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/inventory<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/recovery<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/product/db<br />
<br />
为目录设定权限。<br />
chown -R oracle:dba /oracle<br />
chmod 777 /tmp<br />
<br />
Create or update oracle bashrc {{Filename|/home/oracle/.bashrc}}. Here is an example of the oracle user settings.<br />
export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
export ORACLE_SID=xdb<br />
export ORACLE_INVENTORY=/oracle/inventory<br />
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_SID ORACLE_HOME<br />
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH<br />
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH<br />
export EDITOR=nano<br />
export VISUAL=nano<br />
<br />
===图形安装===<br />
<br />
====安装Oracle数据库软件====<br />
<br />
从下面下载Orcale数据库:<br />
http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html<br />
<br />
解压Oracle数据库。<br />
<br />
Arch i686:<br />
unzip linux_11gR1_database_1013.zip -d /media<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
unzip linux.x64_11gR1_database_1013.zip -d /media<br />
<br />
可选: Arch x86_64 (only required if the installer will not launch automatically ... at the time of this writing there was an issue with the packaged unzip in the 64-bit Oracle installer):<br />
cd /media/database/install<br />
mv unzip unzipx<br />
ln -s /usr/bin/unzip <br />
<br />
Change the permissions for the extracted Oracle database.<br />
chmod -R 777 /media/database<br />
chown -R oracle:oinstall /media/database<br />
<br />
Enter the directory where you extracted the Oracle database.<br />
<br />
In oder to run oracle installation script you need to export the X display as a normal user:<br />
DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY; xhost +<br />
<br />
Login as the user oracle and export the X display:<br />
su oracle<br />
DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY<br />
<br />
Enter the database directory and run the Oracle Universal Installer as the user oracle.<br />
cd /media/database<br />
./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs<br />
<br />
在图形安装过程中:<br />
# Click on "Next". <br />
# Choose "Enterprise Edition" Installation Type and click on "Next"<br />
# Oracle Base should be: /oracle. Don't change it, unless you know what you're doing. <br />
## Change the default "Name" to orarch or something else. <br />
## The predefined path in {{Filename|/etc/rc.d/oracledb}} is "db", ie: /oracle/product/db. If you want to use a different path you'll have to change {{Filename|/etc/rc.d/oracledb}}, so that the startup script can locate ORACLE_HOME directory.<br />
## After changing the defaults, click on "Next". <br />
# Since Oracle database requires certain distro requirement, you'll have to manually check them and then click on "Next".<br />
# Chose "Software Install Only" and click on "Next".<br />
# There is only one DBA group for oracle database. Click on "Next".<br />
# Install "Summary" shows what's going to be installed. Click on "Install".<br />
# The installation will take some time, especially the "Linking" part. Be patient! If you get an error message ignore it by clicking on "Continue".<br />
## At the end of the installation you'll have to open another terminal, and execute {{Filename|/oracle/product/db/root.sh}} as root. '''Don't click on "OK" yet'''.<br />
## When running root.sh, you'll be offered to use /usr/local/bin as the full pathname. Press the "Enter" key here.<br />
## Now you can click on "OK"<br />
# Installation is finished, click on "Exit" and "Yes", you really want to exit.<br />
<br />
===Oracle企业管理安装(可选)===<br />
<br />
This section describes how to install the web based OEM available in 10g+. <br />
<br />
''Depending on your settings the OUI may have already installed this''.<br />
<br />
Login or su to oracle, then run the following commands (answering the prompts approriately). '''''This may take a while'''''.<br />
cd ${ORACLE_HOME}/bin<br />
./emca -repos create<br />
./emca -config dbcontrol db<br />
<br />
Test this out by navigating to the enterprise manager (adjust the servername (localhost) apporpriately). <br />
https://localhost:1158/em/console<br />
<br />
You can control OEM with the following commands.<br />
emctl status dbconsole<br />
emctl stop dbconsole<br />
emctl start dbconsole<br />
<br />
<br />
==安装方法2 - AUR==<br />
===安装===<br />
{{note| 这种安装方法会自动创建数据库,因此,在安装完后,Orcale数据库就可以使用了。}}<br />
<br />
'''第一步'''<br />
从AUR里面下载Arch Linux 软件包:http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=23730<br />
下载Oracle数据库11gR1:http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html<br />
<br />
'''第二步'''<br />
解压Arch Linux 软件包到一个目录。同时把Oracle数据库11gR1复制到同一目录下。<br />
<br />
信息:默认的安装配置{{Filename| ee.rsp.patch}}是:<br />
ORACLE_BASE="/home/oracle/app/oracle"<br />
ORACLE_HOME="/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch"<br />
ORACLE_HOME_NAME="orarch"<br />
s_globalDBName="archlinux"<br />
s_dbSid="archlinux"<br />
s_superAdminSamePasswd="orarchdbadmin"<br />
s_superAdminSamePasswdAgain="orarchdbadmin"<br />
<br />
可选: You can either change the default password now or later after the installation. If you change the ee.rsp.patch file, you need to update the md5sums in the PKGBUILD file. To obtain the md5sum, run (makepkg -g) or:<br />
md5sum ee.rsp.patch <br />
<br />
创建Orcale数据库软件包通过使用makepkg:<br />
makepkg -s<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Step 3.'''<br />
安装已经创建好的软件包。<br />
<br />
Arch i686:<br />
pacman -U oracle-11gR1-1-i686.pkg.tar.gz <br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
pacman -U oracle-11gR1-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.gz <br />
<br />
Pacman现在将安装Oracle数据库通过执行Oracle自己的安装脚本(./runInstaller -silent -ignoreSysPrereqs)。 <br />
<br />
安装将花费一些时间。请耐心一点。在安装过程中不要退出终端,特别是安装脚本在执行配置助手时:<br />
.... <br />
Starting to execute configuration assistants<br />
Configuration assistant "Oracle Net Configuration Assistant" succeeded <br />
...<br />
<br />
安装脚本会结束像下面所举的:<br />
The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.<br />
#!/bin/sh<br />
#Root script to run<br />
/home/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh<br />
/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch/root.sh<br />
To execute the configuration scripts:<br />
1. Open a terminal window<br />
2. Log in as "root"<br />
3. Run the scripts<br />
<br />
The installation of Oracle Database 11g was successful.<br />
Please check '/home/oracle/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2009-03-03_07-24-10PM.log'<br />
for more details.<br />
<br />
'''第四步'''<br />
以root身份运行这些脚本:<br />
[ahc@archlinux ~]$ su<br />
Password: <br />
<br />
cd /home/oracle/oraInventory<br />
./orainstRoot.sh<br />
<br />
cd /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
./root.sh<br />
<br />
'''第五步'''<br />
默认的Oracle用户是“oracle”。由于没有为用户oracle设置密码,您需要以root身份运行passwd:<br />
passwd oracle<br />
<br />
<br />
'''第六步'''<br />
以用户oracle身份登录。<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
创建文件/home/oracle/.bashrc,然后添加这些行到.bashrc文件:<br />
export ORACLE_SID=archlinux<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
'''第七步'''<br />
如果您没有改变{{Filename| ee.rsp.patch}}文件,您需要'''为SYS和SYSTEM改变管理密码'''。 <br />
<br />
{{注意|如果数据库没有被挂载或者打开,以用户oracle身份登录然后首先尝试: }}<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> startup mount;<br />
SQL> alter database open; <br />
<br />
为 '''SYSTEM'''用户更改密码:<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> show user<br />
USER is "SYS"<br />
<br />
SQL> passw system<br />
Changing password for system<br />
New password:<br />
Retype new password:<br />
Password changed<br />
<br />
SQL> quit<br />
<br />
为'''SYS''' 用户更改密码:<br />
sqlplus system/secretpassword<br />
<br />
SQL> show user;<br />
USER is "SYSTEM"<br />
<br />
SQL> passw sys<br />
Changing password for sys<br />
New password: <br />
Retype new password: <br />
Password changed<br />
<br />
SQL> quit<br />
<br />
==Post 安装===<br />
<br />
===创建初始化数据库===<br />
<br />
====图形====<br />
<br />
You have only installed the Oracle database software. Now you need to create a database. Login as the user oracle:<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
Export the ORACLE_HOME binary directory:<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
Run database installation script:<br />
dbca<br />
<br />
During the graphical installation:<br />
<br />
# Click on "Next".<br />
# Check "Create a Database" and click on "Next".<br />
# Check "General Purpose or Transaction Processing" and click on "Next".<br />
# Chose a database name and SID. Example: Global Database Name: <tt>archlinux</tt>, SID: <tt>archlinux</tt>. And then click on "Next".<br />
# Uncheck "Configure Enterprise Manager", leave it empty and click on "Next".<br />
# Check "Use the Same Administrative Password for All Accounts", set password and click on "Next". <br />
# Check "File System" and click on "Next".<br />
# Check "Use Database File Locations from Template" and click on "Next".<br />
# Uncheck "Specify Flash Recovery Area" and click on "Next".<br />
# No need for "Sample Schemas", click on "Next".<br />
# If you don't know what you're doing, check "Typical" and click on "Next"<br />
# Check "Keep the enhanced 11g default security settings" and click on "Next".<br />
# Uncheck "Enable automatic maintenance tasks" if you wish to do it by yourself and click on "Next".<br />
# View your filesystem layout and click on "Next".<br />
# "Create Database" is checked by default. Click on "Finish" to create database.<br />
# Summary of following operations to be performed, click on "OK".<br />
# When database creation is complete, click on "Exit".<br />
<br />
====Scripted====<br />
This section walks you through doing a scripted initial database creation.<br />
<br />
{{Note | The scripts assume they are the first database to be installed on this system. If this is not the case review the xdb-create.sh script and comment out the portions which deal with the *.ora files.}}<br />
<br />
Download the following tar file with a set of scripted database installation scripts.<br />
wget http://sites.google.com/site/mbasil77/Home/instanceCreateXdb.tgz<br />
<br />
Extract the directory<br />
tar xzf instanceCreateXdb.tgz<br />
<br />
Move into instanceCreateXdb directory<br />
cd instanceCreateXdb<br />
<br />
File list<br />
* CreateDB.sql<br />
* CreateDBCatalog.sql<br />
* initxdb.dbs.ora<br />
* initxdb.ora<br />
* listener.ora<br />
* postDBCreation.sql<br />
* sqlnet.ora<br />
* sysObjects.sql<br />
* tnsnames.ora<br />
* xdb-create.sh<br />
* xdb-create.sql<br />
* xdb-secfix.sh<br />
<br />
Script notes<br />
* the files assume a database sid of '''xdb'''<br />
* the files assume an oracle base of '''/oracle/product/db'''<br />
* '''''review all memory and storage parameters against Oracle documentation'''''<br />
<br />
Setup filesystem (as root)<br />
./xdb-create.sh<br />
<br />
Install database from script ('''''this will take a long time''''')<br />
su oracle<br />
sqlplus / as sysdba @/oracle/admin/xdb/scripts/xdb-create.sql<br />
<br />
====Testing Database====<br />
<br />
Login as the user oracle and run export ORACLE_SID="yourSID" etc., ie:<br />
export ORACLE_SID=xdb<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
Running oraenv should confirm the exported configuration:<br />
oraenv<br />
<br />
ORACLE_SID = [xdb] ? <br />
The Oracle base for ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db <br />
is /oracle<br />
<br />
<br />
Check if the database is shutting down or starting:<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> shutdown immediate;<br />
Database closed.<br />
Database dismounted.<br />
ORACLE instance shut down.<br />
<br />
SQL> startup mount;<br />
<br />
ORACLE instance started.<br />
<br />
Total System Global Area 385003520 bytes<br />
Fixed Size 1300100 bytes<br />
Variable Size 234883452 bytes<br />
Database Buffers 142606336 bytes<br />
Redo Buffers 6213632 bytes<br />
Database mounted.<br />
Database opened.<br />
<br />
Type "quit" when you want to leave SQL prompt:<br />
SQL> quit<br />
<br />
===Starting oracle during the boot===<br />
<br />
If you want to start with your oracle SID, replace ":N" with ":Y" in /etc/oratab:<br />
<your sid>:<oracle home>:N<br />
<your sid>:<oracle home>:Y<br />
<br />
Example from Scripted database creation (/etc/oratab):<br />
xdb:/oracle/product/db:Y<br />
<br />
To start the oracle database daemon during boot, add "oracledb" in your /etc/rc.conf:<br />
<br />
DAEMONS=(oracledb syslog-ng dbus !network netfs crond ntpd alsa hal wicd fam)<br />
<br />
Note: If the daemon doesn't start, please check that the ORACLE_HOME path matches your current oracle directory in /etc/rc.d/oracledb:<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
<br />
[oracle@archlinux orarch]$ pwd<br />
/oracle/product/db<br />
<br />
Test starting the daemon as root:<br />
/etc/rc.d/oracledb start<br />
<br />
Starting Oracle: <br />
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 27-FEB-2009 23:14:45<br />
...<br />
The command completed successfully<br />
Processing Database instance "archlinux": log file <br />
/oracle/product/db/startup.log<br />
OK<br />
<br />
Now you'll login to your oracle database each time you reboot:<br />
su oracle<br />
export ORACLE_SID=xdb<br />
oraenv<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
Install Method 2:<br />
su oracle<br />
export ORACLE_SID=archlinux<br />
oraenv<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
===Setting Permissions for Normal Users===<br />
<br />
Since there is only one user(oracle) that has access to the oracle database, you need to add your normal user to the group "dba". In this case "joe" is the normal user:<br />
gpasswd -a joe dba<br />
<br />
The group changes will take effect after you logout and login again. The user oracle has the permissions to access the oracle home directory, ie /home/oracle:<br />
drwx------ 6 oracle dba 4096 2009-02-27 23:27 oracle<br />
<br />
You need to grant the group "dba" permission to execute the binary files in the oracle home directory:<br />
chmod -R g+x /home/oracle<br />
<br />
Now you'll be able to run the oracle database as the normal user.<br />
<br />
==Transfer existing Oracle installation ==<br />
<br />
Moving or transferring Oracle can be quite useful in the following conditions:<br />
* replacing hardware<br />
* setting up several dev machines<br />
* running lean system (no desktop manager, java, etc)<br />
<br />
The installation of Oracle requires several packages. However, just running an Oracle database is much simpler and has far fewer requirements, as shown below. <br />
<br />
''In principle transferring Oracle should work across distros. Transferring from RHEL/Centos 5.2 to ARCH 2009.02 has been tested successfully.''<br />
<br />
To prep Oracle for a move shutdown database services<br />
dbstop ${ORACLE_HOME}<br />
lsnrctl stop<br />
<br />
Optional: stop OEM if it is running<br />
emctl stop dbconsole<br />
<br />
'''''If you are running other Oracle daemons stop them as well'''''<br />
<br />
This section assumes the following conditions about the existing Oracle installation:<br />
* oracle root is /oracle<br />
* oracle data is at /oracle/oradata/<sid><br />
<br />
Tar up entire Oracle installation and data.<br />
cd /<br />
tar czf oracle.tgz /oracle<br />
<br />
Using ssh and sftp or your method of choice transfer oracle.tgz to the root (/) of the target system.<br />
<br />
Login to target system as root and unpack the tar<br />
cd /<br />
tar xzf oracle.tgz<br />
chmod 755 -R /oracle<br />
chown -R oracle:dba /oracle<br />
<br />
Update system<br />
pacman -Sy pacman<br />
pacman -Syu<br />
pacman -S python<br />
pacman -U ftp://ftp.berlios.de/pub/aurbuild/aurbuild-1.8.4-1-any.pkg.tar.gz<br />
pacman -S unzip<br />
pacman -S sudo<br />
<br />
Install required package run Oracle database and ''required'' daemons.<br />
aurbuild -s libaio<br />
pacman -S sysstat<br />
<br />
Configure server for oracle<br />
[[Oracle#Configuration]]<br />
<br />
Setup OEM (optional)<br />
[[Oracle#Oracle_Enterprise_Manager_installation_.28optional.29]]<br />
<br />
Execute appropriate/desired post installation steps<br />
[[Oracle#Post_Installation]]<br />
<br />
<br />
===疑难解答===<br />
<br />
已知问题: The Oracle Universal Installer(ie, in silent mode) seems create errors when installing on other paths than "../app/oracle/..". <br />
<br />
===更多资源===<br />
----<br />
<br />
大部分的步骤是基于ubuntu用户的oracle安装向导,这篇文档包括一步一步的图形例子:<br />
http://www.pythian.com/blogs/1355/installing-oracle-11gr1-on-ubuntu-810-intrepid-ibex</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Oracle_Database_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=64999Oracle Database (简体中文)2009-03-14T04:49:22Z<p>Imagelife: </p>
<hr />
<div>===介绍===<br />
----<br />
<br />
这份文档将会帮助您把Oracle数据库11gR1安装到Arch Linux。使用安装方法2,您可以仅仅通过几个步骤完成长时间的安装过程。<br />
<br />
==安装方法1 - 手动==<br />
<br />
这节将会引导您在全新的archlinux上安装Oracle。这是一个通用的方法,在内核2.6.28.ARCH 64位机器上安装Oracle 11g R1 64<br />
位测试通过。'''''这在其他版本的Orale上也应该可以工作'''''。<br />
<br />
===准备安装===<br />
<br />
===安装桌面环境===<br />
# pacman -Syu<br />
# pacman -S python<br />
# pacman -U ftp://ftp.berlios.de/pub/aurbuild/aurbuild-1.8.4-1-any.pkg.tar.gz<br />
<br />
安装并测试Xorg。<br />
# pacman -S xorg<br />
# pacman -S hwd<br />
<br />
尽管从Xorg 7.4后,xorg.conf 不再需要。这命令是可选的。<br />
# hwd -x<br />
# cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf.vesa /etc/X11/xorg.conf<br />
<br />
使用<tt>startx</tt>检查(Should get mouse movement with X cursor - Ctrl-Alt-Backspace to exit.)<br />
$ startx<br />
<br />
安装桌面环境,Gnome,KDE 或 Xfce。这个例子假设Xfce4将被安装:<br />
# pacman -S xfce4<br />
# pacman -S pcmanfm<br />
<br />
运行 xfce:<br />
$ startxfce4 <br />
<br />
====安装Oracle数据库必需的软件包====<br />
<br />
Arch i686:<br />
*base-devel<br />
*java-runtime (openjdk6 or jre jdk)<br />
*ksh, rpm, gawk, gdb, libaio, libelf, sysstat, unixodbc, libstdc++5<br />
*unzip, sudo<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
*base-devel<br />
*java-runtime (openjdk6 or jre jdk)<br />
*ksh, rpm, gawk, gdb, libaio, libelf, sysstat, libstdc++5<br />
*unzip, sudo<br />
<br />
安装软件包:<br />
# pacman -S unzip sudo java-runtime base-devel<br />
<br />
安装ksh (problem with aurbuild -s ksh).<br />
mkdir -p ABS/ksh<br />
cd ABS/ksh<br />
chmod 777 -R /software<br />
wget --http-user "I accept www.opensource.org/licenses/cpl" --http-password "." http://www.research.att.com/~gsf/download/tgz/INIT.2008-11-04.tgz<br />
wget --http-user "I accept www.opensource.org/licenses/cpl" --http-password "." http://www.research.att.com/~gsf/download/tgz/ast-ksh.2008-11-04.tgz<br />
wget http://aur.archlinux.org/packages/ksh/ksh/PKGBUILD<br />
wget http://aur.archlinux.org/packages/ksh/ksh/ksh.install<br />
makepkg -c --asroot<br />
makepkg -i --asroot<br />
<br />
pacman -S icu<br />
aurbuild -s beecrypt<br />
aurbuild -s rpm<br />
pacman -S gawk<br />
pacman -S gdb<br />
aurbuild -s libaio<br />
pacman -S libelf<br />
pacman -S sysstat<br />
pacman -S libstdc++5<br />
<br />
Oracle32位数据库需要unixodbc。<br />
# pacman -S unixodbc<br />
<br />
可选的lib32 软件包 x86_64: <br />
# pacman -S lib32-libstdc++5 <br />
# pacman -S lib32-glibc <br />
# pacman -S lib32-gcc-libs<br />
<br />
Oracle数据库需要32位的libaio和unixodbc在x86_64上,但在32位上是不必要的。 <br />
<br />
Oracle Universal Installer需要的一些软链接。<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/rpm /bin/rpm<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/ksh /bin/ksh<br />
# ln -s /bin/awk /usr/bin/awk<br />
# ln -s /bin/tr /usr/bin/tr<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/basename /bin/basename<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
# ln -s /usr/lib /usr/lib64<br />
<br />
====配置====<br />
<br />
为Orcale数据库创建用户和组:<br />
# groupadd oinstall<br />
# groupadd dba<br />
# useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle<br />
<br />
为用户oracle设置密码:<br />
# passwd oracle<br />
<br />
可选: Add oracle to the {{Filename|sshd_config}} file.<br />
# pacman -S openssh<br />
Add this line to {{Filename|/etc/ssh/sshd_config}}:<br />
AllowUsers oracle<br />
<br />
Add oracle to {{Filename|/etc/sudoers}}. This will give oracle super user privilege.<br />
oracle ALL=(ALL) ALL<br />
<br />
Add these lines to {{Filename|/etc/sysctl.conf}} ('''''Review Oracle documentation to adjust these settings''''').<br />
# oracle kernel settings<br />
fs.file-max = 6553600<br />
kernel.shmall = 2097152<br />
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648<br />
kernel.shmmni = 4096<br />
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128<br />
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535<br />
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304<br />
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304<br />
net.core.wmem_default = 262144<br />
net.core.wmem_max = 262144<br />
<br />
Add these lines to {{Filename|/etc/security/limits.conf}} ('''''Review Oracle documentation to adjust these settings''''')<br />
# oracle settings<br />
oracle soft nproc 2047<br />
oracle hard nproc 16384<br />
oracle soft nofile 1024<br />
oracle hard nofile 65536<br />
<br />
可选: 想使变化生效您可以重启电脑。<br />
<br />
为Ocale数据库创建一些目录。您可以选择目录路径。下面是参考例子。 <br />
mkdir -p /oracle<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/inventory<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/recovery<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/product/db<br />
<br />
为目录设定权限。<br />
chown -R oracle:dba /oracle<br />
chmod 777 /tmp<br />
<br />
Create or update oracle bashrc {{Filename|/home/oracle/.bashrc}}. Here is an example of the oracle user settings.<br />
export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
export ORACLE_SID=xdb<br />
export ORACLE_INVENTORY=/oracle/inventory<br />
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_SID ORACLE_HOME<br />
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH<br />
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH<br />
export EDITOR=nano<br />
export VISUAL=nano<br />
<br />
===图形安装===<br />
<br />
====安装Oracle数据库软件====<br />
<br />
从下面下载Orcale数据库:<br />
http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html<br />
<br />
解压Oracle数据库。<br />
<br />
Arch i686:<br />
unzip linux_11gR1_database_1013.zip -d /media<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
unzip linux.x64_11gR1_database_1013.zip -d /media<br />
<br />
可选: Arch x86_64 (only required if the installer will not launch automatically ... at the time of this writing there was an issue with the packaged unzip in the 64-bit Oracle installer):<br />
cd /media/database/install<br />
mv unzip unzipx<br />
ln -s /usr/bin/unzip <br />
<br />
Change the permissions for the extracted Oracle database.<br />
chmod -R 777 /media/database<br />
chown -R oracle:oinstall /media/database<br />
<br />
Enter the directory where you extracted the Oracle database.<br />
<br />
In oder to run oracle installation script you need to export the X display as a normal user:<br />
DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY; xhost +<br />
<br />
Login as the user oracle and export the X display:<br />
su oracle<br />
DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY<br />
<br />
Enter the database directory and run the Oracle Universal Installer as the user oracle.<br />
cd /media/database<br />
./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs<br />
<br />
在图形安装过程中:<br />
# Click on "Next". <br />
# Choose "Enterprise Edition" Installation Type and click on "Next"<br />
# Oracle Base should be: /oracle. Don't change it, unless you know what you're doing. <br />
## Change the default "Name" to orarch or something else. <br />
## The predefined path in {{Filename|/etc/rc.d/oracledb}} is "db", ie: /oracle/product/db. If you want to use a different path you'll have to change {{Filename|/etc/rc.d/oracledb}}, so that the startup script can locate ORACLE_HOME directory.<br />
## After changing the defaults, click on "Next". <br />
# Since Oracle database requires certain distro requirement, you'll have to manually check them and then click on "Next".<br />
# Chose "Software Install Only" and click on "Next".<br />
# There is only one DBA group for oracle database. Click on "Next".<br />
# Install "Summary" shows what's going to be installed. Click on "Install".<br />
# The installation will take some time, especially the "Linking" part. Be patient! If you get an error message ignore it by clicking on "Continue".<br />
## At the end of the installation you'll have to open another terminal, and execute {{Filename|/oracle/product/db/root.sh}} as root. '''Don't click on "OK" yet'''.<br />
## When running root.sh, you'll be offered to use /usr/local/bin as the full pathname. Press the "Enter" key here.<br />
## Now you can click on "OK"<br />
# Installation is finished, click on "Exit" and "Yes", you really want to exit.<br />
<br />
===Oracle企业管理安装(可选)===<br />
<br />
This section describes how to install the web based OEM available in 10g+. <br />
<br />
''Depending on your settings the OUI may have already installed this''.<br />
<br />
Login or su to oracle, then run the following commands (answering the prompts approriately). '''''This may take a while'''''.<br />
cd ${ORACLE_HOME}/bin<br />
./emca -repos create<br />
./emca -config dbcontrol db<br />
<br />
Test this out by navigating to the enterprise manager (adjust the servername (localhost) apporpriately). <br />
https://localhost:1158/em/console<br />
<br />
You can control OEM with the following commands.<br />
emctl status dbconsole<br />
emctl stop dbconsole<br />
emctl start dbconsole<br />
<br />
<br />
==安装方法2 - AUR==<br />
===安装===<br />
{{注意| 这种安装方法会自动创建数据库,因此,在安装完后,Orcale数据库就可以使用了。}}<br />
<br />
'''第一步'''<br />
从AUR里面下载Arch Linux 软件包:http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=23730<br />
下载Oracle数据库11gR1:http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html<br />
<br />
'''第二步'''<br />
解压Arch Linux 软件包到一个目录。同时把Oracle数据库11gR1复制到同一目录下。<br />
<br />
信息:默认的安装配置{{Filename| ee.rsp.patch}}是:<br />
ORACLE_BASE="/home/oracle/app/oracle"<br />
ORACLE_HOME="/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch"<br />
ORACLE_HOME_NAME="orarch"<br />
s_globalDBName="archlinux"<br />
s_dbSid="archlinux"<br />
s_superAdminSamePasswd="orarchdbadmin"<br />
s_superAdminSamePasswdAgain="orarchdbadmin"<br />
<br />
可选: You can either change the default password now or later after the installation. If you change the ee.rsp.patch file, you need to update the md5sums in the PKGBUILD file. To obtain the md5sum, run (makepkg -g) or:<br />
md5sum ee.rsp.patch <br />
<br />
创建Orcale数据库软件包通过使用makepkg:<br />
makepkg -s<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Step 3.'''<br />
安装已经创建好的软件包。<br />
<br />
Arch i686:<br />
pacman -U oracle-11gR1-1-i686.pkg.tar.gz <br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
pacman -U oracle-11gR1-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.gz <br />
<br />
Pacman现在将安装Oracle数据库通过执行Oracle自己的安装脚本(./runInstaller -silent -ignoreSysPrereqs)。 <br />
<br />
安装将花费一些时间。请耐心一点。在安装过程中不要退出终端,特别是安装脚本在执行配置助手时:<br />
.... <br />
Starting to execute configuration assistants<br />
Configuration assistant "Oracle Net Configuration Assistant" succeeded <br />
...<br />
<br />
安装脚本会结束像下面所举的:<br />
The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.<br />
#!/bin/sh<br />
#Root script to run<br />
/home/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh<br />
/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch/root.sh<br />
To execute the configuration scripts:<br />
1. Open a terminal window<br />
2. Log in as "root"<br />
3. Run the scripts<br />
<br />
The installation of Oracle Database 11g was successful.<br />
Please check '/home/oracle/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2009-03-03_07-24-10PM.log'<br />
for more details.<br />
<br />
'''第四步'''<br />
以root身份运行这些脚本:<br />
[ahc@archlinux ~]$ su<br />
Password: <br />
<br />
cd /home/oracle/oraInventory<br />
./orainstRoot.sh<br />
<br />
cd /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
./root.sh<br />
<br />
'''第五步'''<br />
默认的Oracle用户是“oracle”。由于没有为用户oracle设置密码,您需要以root身份运行passwd:<br />
passwd oracle<br />
<br />
<br />
'''第六步'''<br />
以用户oracle身份登录。<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
创建文件/home/oracle/.bashrc,然后添加这些行到.bashrc文件:<br />
export ORACLE_SID=archlinux<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
'''第七步'''<br />
如果您没有改变{{Filename| ee.rsp.patch}}文件,您需要'''为SYS和SYSTEM改变管理密码'''。 <br />
<br />
{{注意|如果数据库没有被挂载或者打开,以用户oracle身份登录然后首先尝试: }}<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> startup mount;<br />
SQL> alter database open; <br />
<br />
为 '''SYSTEM'''用户更改密码:<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> show user<br />
USER is "SYS"<br />
<br />
SQL> passw system<br />
Changing password for system<br />
New password:<br />
Retype new password:<br />
Password changed<br />
<br />
SQL> quit<br />
<br />
为'''SYS''' 用户更改密码:<br />
sqlplus system/secretpassword<br />
<br />
SQL> show user;<br />
USER is "SYSTEM"<br />
<br />
SQL> passw sys<br />
Changing password for sys<br />
New password: <br />
Retype new password: <br />
Password changed<br />
<br />
SQL> quit<br />
<br />
<br />
==Post 安装===<br />
<br />
===创建初始化数据库===<br />
<br />
====图形====<br />
<br />
You have only installed the Oracle database software. Now you need to create a database. Login as the user oracle:<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
Export the ORACLE_HOME binary directory:<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
Run database installation script:<br />
dbca<br />
<br />
During the graphical installation:<br />
<br />
# Click on "Next".<br />
# Check "Create a Database" and click on "Next".<br />
# Check "General Purpose or Transaction Processing" and click on "Next".<br />
# Chose a database name and SID. Example: Global Database Name: <tt>archlinux</tt>, SID: <tt>archlinux</tt>. And then click on "Next".<br />
# Uncheck "Configure Enterprise Manager", leave it empty and click on "Next".<br />
# Check "Use the Same Administrative Password for All Accounts", set password and click on "Next". <br />
# Check "File System" and click on "Next".<br />
# Check "Use Database File Locations from Template" and click on "Next".<br />
# Uncheck "Specify Flash Recovery Area" and click on "Next".<br />
# No need for "Sample Schemas", click on "Next".<br />
# If you don't know what you're doing, check "Typical" and click on "Next"<br />
# Check "Keep the enhanced 11g default security settings" and click on "Next".<br />
# Uncheck "Enable automatic maintenance tasks" if you wish to do it by yourself and click on "Next".<br />
# View your filesystem layout and click on "Next".<br />
# "Create Database" is checked by default. Click on "Finish" to create database.<br />
# Summary of following operations to be performed, click on "OK".<br />
# When database creation is complete, click on "Exit".<br />
<br />
====Scripted====<br />
This section walks you through doing a scripted initial database creation.<br />
<br />
{{Note | The scripts assume they are the first database to be installed on this system. If this is not the case review the xdb-create.sh script and comment out the portions which deal with the *.ora files.}}<br />
<br />
Download the following tar file with a set of scripted database installation scripts.<br />
wget http://sites.google.com/site/mbasil77/Home/instanceCreateXdb.tgz<br />
<br />
Extract the directory<br />
tar xzf instanceCreateXdb.tgz<br />
<br />
Move into instanceCreateXdb directory<br />
cd instanceCreateXdb<br />
<br />
File list<br />
* CreateDB.sql<br />
* CreateDBCatalog.sql<br />
* initxdb.dbs.ora<br />
* initxdb.ora<br />
* listener.ora<br />
* postDBCreation.sql<br />
* sqlnet.ora<br />
* sysObjects.sql<br />
* tnsnames.ora<br />
* xdb-create.sh<br />
* xdb-create.sql<br />
* xdb-secfix.sh<br />
<br />
Script notes<br />
* the files assume a database sid of '''xdb'''<br />
* the files assume an oracle base of '''/oracle/product/db'''<br />
* '''''review all memory and storage parameters against Oracle documentation'''''<br />
<br />
Setup filesystem (as root)<br />
./xdb-create.sh<br />
<br />
Install database from script ('''''this will take a long time''''')<br />
su oracle<br />
sqlplus / as sysdba @/oracle/admin/xdb/scripts/xdb-create.sql<br />
<br />
====Testing Database====<br />
<br />
Login as the user oracle and run export ORACLE_SID="yourSID" etc., ie:<br />
export ORACLE_SID=xdb<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
Running oraenv should confirm the exported configuration:<br />
oraenv<br />
<br />
ORACLE_SID = [xdb] ? <br />
The Oracle base for ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db <br />
is /oracle<br />
<br />
<br />
Check if the database is shutting down or starting:<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> shutdown immediate;<br />
Database closed.<br />
Database dismounted.<br />
ORACLE instance shut down.<br />
<br />
SQL> startup mount;<br />
<br />
ORACLE instance started.<br />
<br />
Total System Global Area 385003520 bytes<br />
Fixed Size 1300100 bytes<br />
Variable Size 234883452 bytes<br />
Database Buffers 142606336 bytes<br />
Redo Buffers 6213632 bytes<br />
Database mounted.<br />
Database opened.<br />
<br />
Type "quit" when you want to leave SQL prompt:<br />
SQL> quit<br />
<br />
===Starting oracle during the boot===<br />
<br />
If you want to start with your oracle SID, replace ":N" with ":Y" in /etc/oratab:<br />
<your sid>:<oracle home>:N<br />
<your sid>:<oracle home>:Y<br />
<br />
Example from Scripted database creation (/etc/oratab):<br />
xdb:/oracle/product/db:Y<br />
<br />
To start the oracle database daemon during boot, add "oracledb" in your /etc/rc.conf:<br />
<br />
DAEMONS=(oracledb syslog-ng dbus !network netfs crond ntpd alsa hal wicd fam)<br />
<br />
Note: If the daemon doesn't start, please check that the ORACLE_HOME path matches your current oracle directory in /etc/rc.d/oracledb:<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
<br />
[oracle@archlinux orarch]$ pwd<br />
/oracle/product/db<br />
<br />
Test starting the daemon as root:<br />
/etc/rc.d/oracledb start<br />
<br />
Starting Oracle: <br />
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 27-FEB-2009 23:14:45<br />
...<br />
The command completed successfully<br />
Processing Database instance "archlinux": log file <br />
/oracle/product/db/startup.log<br />
OK<br />
<br />
Now you'll login to your oracle database each time you reboot:<br />
su oracle<br />
export ORACLE_SID=xdb<br />
oraenv<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
Install Method 2:<br />
su oracle<br />
export ORACLE_SID=archlinux<br />
oraenv<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
===Setting Permissions for Normal Users===<br />
<br />
Since there is only one user(oracle) that has access to the oracle database, you need to add your normal user to the group "dba". In this case "joe" is the normal user:<br />
gpasswd -a joe dba<br />
<br />
The group changes will take effect after you logout and login again. The user oracle has the permissions to access the oracle home directory, ie /home/oracle:<br />
drwx------ 6 oracle dba 4096 2009-02-27 23:27 oracle<br />
<br />
You need to grant the group "dba" permission to execute the binary files in the oracle home directory:<br />
chmod -R g+x /home/oracle<br />
<br />
Now you'll be able to run the oracle database as the normal user.<br />
<br />
==Transfer existing Oracle installation ==<br />
<br />
Moving or transferring Oracle can be quite useful in the following conditions:<br />
* replacing hardware<br />
* setting up several dev machines<br />
* running lean system (no desktop manager, java, etc)<br />
<br />
The installation of Oracle requires several packages. However, just running an Oracle database is much simpler and has far fewer requirements, as shown below. <br />
<br />
''In principle transferring Oracle should work across distros. Transferring from RHEL/Centos 5.2 to ARCH 2009.02 has been tested successfully.''<br />
<br />
To prep Oracle for a move shutdown database services<br />
dbstop ${ORACLE_HOME}<br />
lsnrctl stop<br />
<br />
Optional: stop OEM if it is running<br />
emctl stop dbconsole<br />
<br />
'''''If you are running other Oracle daemons stop them as well'''''<br />
<br />
This section assumes the following conditions about the existing Oracle installation:<br />
* oracle root is /oracle<br />
* oracle data is at /oracle/oradata/<sid><br />
<br />
Tar up entire Oracle installation and data.<br />
cd /<br />
tar czf oracle.tgz /oracle<br />
<br />
Using ssh and sftp or your method of choice transfer oracle.tgz to the root (/) of the target system.<br />
<br />
Login to target system as root and unpack the tar<br />
cd /<br />
tar xzf oracle.tgz<br />
chmod 755 -R /oracle<br />
chown -R oracle:dba /oracle<br />
<br />
Update system<br />
pacman -Sy pacman<br />
pacman -Syu<br />
pacman -S python<br />
pacman -U ftp://ftp.berlios.de/pub/aurbuild/aurbuild-1.8.4-1-any.pkg.tar.gz<br />
pacman -S unzip<br />
pacman -S sudo<br />
<br />
Install required package run Oracle database and ''required'' daemons.<br />
aurbuild -s libaio<br />
pacman -S sysstat<br />
<br />
Configure server for oracle<br />
[[Oracle#Configuration]]<br />
<br />
Setup OEM (optional)<br />
[[Oracle#Oracle_Enterprise_Manager_installation_.28optional.29]]<br />
<br />
Execute appropriate/desired post installation steps<br />
[[Oracle#Post_Installation]]<br />
<br />
<br />
===疑难解答===<br />
<br />
已知问题: The Oracle Universal Installer(ie, in silent mode) seems create errors when installing on other paths than "../app/oracle/..". <br />
<br />
===更多资源===<br />
----<br />
<br />
大部分的步骤是基于ubuntu用户的oracle安装向导,这篇文档包括一步一步的图形例子:<br />
http://www.pythian.com/blogs/1355/installing-oracle-11gr1-on-ubuntu-810-intrepid-ibex</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Oracle_Database_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=64998Oracle Database (简体中文)2009-03-14T04:20:12Z<p>Imagelife: </p>
<hr />
<div>===介绍===<br />
----<br />
<br />
这份文档将会帮助您把Oracle数据库11gR1安装到Arch Linux。使用安装方法2,您可以仅仅通过几个步骤完成长时间的安装过程。<br />
<br />
==安装方法1 - 手动==<br />
<br />
这节将会引导您在全新的archlinux上安装Oracle。这是一个通用的方法,在内核2.6.28.ARCH 64位机器上安装Oracle 11g R1 64<br />
位测试通过。'''''这在其他版本的Orale上也应该可以工作'''''。<br />
<br />
===准备安装===<br />
<br />
===安装桌面环境===<br />
# pacman -Syu<br />
# pacman -S python<br />
# pacman -U ftp://ftp.berlios.de/pub/aurbuild/aurbuild-1.8.4-1-any.pkg.tar.gz<br />
<br />
安装并测试Xorg。<br />
# pacman -S xorg<br />
# pacman -S hwd<br />
<br />
尽管从Xorg 7.4后,xorg.conf 不再需要。这命令是可选的。<br />
# hwd -x<br />
# cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf.vesa /etc/X11/xorg.conf<br />
<br />
使用<tt>startx</tt>检查(Should get mouse movement with X cursor - Ctrl-Alt-Backspace to exit.)<br />
$ startx<br />
<br />
安装桌面环境,Gnome,KDE 或 Xfce。这个例子假设Xfce4将被安装:<br />
# pacman -S xfce4<br />
# pacman -S pcmanfm<br />
<br />
运行 xfce:<br />
$ startxfce4 <br />
<br />
====安装Oracle数据库必需的软件包====<br />
<br />
Arch i686:<br />
*base-devel<br />
*java-runtime (openjdk6 or jre jdk)<br />
*ksh, rpm, gawk, gdb, libaio, libelf, sysstat, unixodbc, libstdc++5<br />
*unzip, sudo<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
*base-devel<br />
*java-runtime (openjdk6 or jre jdk)<br />
*ksh, rpm, gawk, gdb, libaio, libelf, sysstat, libstdc++5<br />
*unzip, sudo<br />
<br />
安装软件包:<br />
# pacman -S unzip sudo java-runtime base-devel<br />
<br />
安装ksh (problem with aurbuild -s ksh).<br />
mkdir -p ABS/ksh<br />
cd ABS/ksh<br />
chmod 777 -R /software<br />
wget --http-user "I accept www.opensource.org/licenses/cpl" --http-password "." http://www.research.att.com/~gsf/download/tgz/INIT.2008-11-04.tgz<br />
wget --http-user "I accept www.opensource.org/licenses/cpl" --http-password "." http://www.research.att.com/~gsf/download/tgz/ast-ksh.2008-11-04.tgz<br />
wget http://aur.archlinux.org/packages/ksh/ksh/PKGBUILD<br />
wget http://aur.archlinux.org/packages/ksh/ksh/ksh.install<br />
makepkg -c --asroot<br />
makepkg -i --asroot<br />
<br />
pacman -S icu<br />
aurbuild -s beecrypt<br />
aurbuild -s rpm<br />
pacman -S gawk<br />
pacman -S gdb<br />
aurbuild -s libaio<br />
pacman -S libelf<br />
pacman -S sysstat<br />
pacman -S libstdc++5<br />
<br />
Oracle32位数据库需要unixodbc。<br />
# pacman -S unixodbc<br />
<br />
可选的lib32 软件包 x86_64: <br />
# pacman -S lib32-libstdc++5 <br />
# pacman -S lib32-glibc <br />
# pacman -S lib32-gcc-libs<br />
<br />
Oracle数据库需要32位的libaio和unixodbc在x86_64上,但在32位上是不必要的。 <br />
<br />
Oracle Universal Installer需要的一些软链接。<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/rpm /bin/rpm<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/ksh /bin/ksh<br />
# ln -s /bin/awk /usr/bin/awk<br />
# ln -s /bin/tr /usr/bin/tr<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/basename /bin/basename<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
# ln -s /usr/lib /usr/lib64<br />
<br />
====配置====<br />
<br />
为Orcale数据库创建用户和组:<br />
# groupadd oinstall<br />
# groupadd dba<br />
# useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle<br />
<br />
为用户oracle设置密码:<br />
# passwd oracle<br />
<br />
可选: Add oracle to the {{Filename|sshd_config}} file.<br />
# pacman -S openssh<br />
Add this line to {{Filename|/etc/ssh/sshd_config}}:<br />
AllowUsers oracle<br />
<br />
Add oracle to {{Filename|/etc/sudoers}}. This will give oracle super user privilege.<br />
oracle ALL=(ALL) ALL<br />
<br />
Add these lines to {{Filename|/etc/sysctl.conf}} ('''''Review Oracle documentation to adjust these settings''''').<br />
# oracle kernel settings<br />
fs.file-max = 6553600<br />
kernel.shmall = 2097152<br />
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648<br />
kernel.shmmni = 4096<br />
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128<br />
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535<br />
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304<br />
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304<br />
net.core.wmem_default = 262144<br />
net.core.wmem_max = 262144<br />
<br />
Add these lines to {{Filename|/etc/security/limits.conf}} ('''''Review Oracle documentation to adjust these settings''''')<br />
# oracle settings<br />
oracle soft nproc 2047<br />
oracle hard nproc 16384<br />
oracle soft nofile 1024<br />
oracle hard nofile 65536<br />
<br />
可选: 想使变化生效您可以重启电脑。<br />
<br />
为Ocale数据库创建一些目录。您可以选择目录路径。下面是参考例子。 <br />
mkdir -p /oracle<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/inventory<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/recovery<br />
mkdir -p /oracle/product/db<br />
<br />
为目录设定权限。<br />
chown -R oracle:dba /oracle<br />
chmod 777 /tmp<br />
<br />
Create or update oracle bashrc {{Filename|/home/oracle/.bashrc}}. Here is an example of the oracle user settings.<br />
export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/db<br />
export ORACLE_SID=xdb<br />
export ORACLE_INVENTORY=/oracle/inventory<br />
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_SID ORACLE_HOME<br />
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH<br />
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH<br />
export EDITOR=nano<br />
export VISUAL=nano<br />
<br />
===图形安装===<br />
<br />
====安装Oracle数据库软件====<br />
<br />
从下面下载Orcale数据库:<br />
http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html<br />
<br />
解压Oracle数据库。<br />
<br />
Arch i686:<br />
unzip linux_11gR1_database_1013.zip -d /media<br />
Arch x86_64:<br />
unzip linux.x64_11gR1_database_1013.zip -d /media<br />
<br />
Optional: Arch x86_64 (only required if the installer will not launch automatically ... at the time of this writing there was an issue with the packaged unzip in the 64-bit Oracle installer):<br />
cd /media/database/install<br />
mv unzip unzipx<br />
ln -s /usr/bin/unzip <br />
<br />
Change the permissions for the extracted Oracle database.<br />
chmod -R 777 /media/database<br />
chown -R oracle:oinstall /media/database<br />
<br />
Enter the directory where you extracted the Oracle database.<br />
<br />
In oder to run oracle installation script you need to export the X display as a normal user:<br />
DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY; xhost +<br />
<br />
Login as the user oracle and export the X display:<br />
su oracle<br />
DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY<br />
<br />
Enter the database directory and run the Oracle Universal Installer as the user oracle.<br />
cd /media/database<br />
./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs<br />
<br />
During the Graphical installation:<br />
# Click on "Next". <br />
# Choose "Enterprise Edition" Installation Type and click on "Next"<br />
# Oracle Base should be: /oracle. Don't change it, unless you know what you're doing. <br />
## Change the default "Name" to orarch or something else. <br />
## The predefined path in {{Filename|/etc/rc.d/oracledb}} is "db", ie: /oracle/product/db. If you want to use a different path you'll have to change {{Filename|/etc/rc.d/oracledb}}, so that the startup script can locate ORACLE_HOME directory.<br />
## After changing the defaults, click on "Next". <br />
# Since Oracle database requires certain distro requirement, you'll have to manually check them and then click on "Next".<br />
# Chose "Software Install Only" and click on "Next".<br />
# There is only one DBA group for oracle database. Click on "Next".<br />
# Install "Summary" shows what's going to be installed. Click on "Install".<br />
# The installation will take some time, especially the "Linking" part. Be patient! If you get an error message ignore it by clicking on "Continue".<br />
## At the end of the installation you'll have to open another terminal, and execute {{Filename|/oracle/product/db/root.sh}} as root. '''Don't click on "OK" yet'''.<br />
## When running root.sh, you'll be offered to use /usr/local/bin as the full pathname. Press the "Enter" key here.<br />
## Now you can click on "OK"<br />
# Installation is finished, click on "Exit" and "Yes", you really want to exit.<br />
<br />
===Oracle Enterprise Manager installation (optional)===<br />
<br />
This section describes how to install the web based OEM available in 10g+. <br />
<br />
''Depending on your settings the OUI may have already installed this''.<br />
<br />
Login or su to oracle, then run the following commands (answering the prompts approriately). '''''This may take a while'''''.<br />
cd ${ORACLE_HOME}/bin<br />
./emca -repos create<br />
./emca -config dbcontrol db<br />
<br />
Test this out by navigating to the enterprise manager (adjust the servername (localhost) apporpriately). <br />
https://localhost:1158/em/console<br />
<br />
You can control OEM with the following commands.<br />
emctl status dbconsole<br />
emctl stop dbconsole<br />
emctl start dbconsole<br />
<br />
<br />
==安装方法2 - AUR==<br />
===安装===<br />
----<br />
<br />
'''第一步'''<br />
从AUR里面下载Arch Linux 软件包:http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=23730<br />
下载Oracle数据库11gR1:http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html<br />
<br />
注意:Oracle数据库11gR1 64位 for linux 在Arch Linux上无法完成安装。<br />
<br />
<br />
'''第二步'''<br />
解压Arch Linux 软件包到一个目录。同时把Oracle数据库11gR1复制到同一目录下。通过使用makepkg来安装Oracle:<br />
<br />
makepkg -s<br />
<br />
按照顺序创建用户“oracle”和组“dba”,makepkg将会询问您root密码。在此之后您需要为用户oracle设定密码。<br />
<br />
'''第三步'''<br />
使用pacman来安装makepkg打好到软件包:<br />
pacman -U oracle-11g-i686.pkg.tar.gz<br />
<br />
此时pacman将会执行Oracle自己的安装脚本(./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs)<br />
<br />
'''第四步'''<br />
4.1 Click on "Next". <br />
<br />
4.2 Chose "Enterprise Edition" Installation Type and click on "Next"<br />
<br />
4.3 Oracle Base should be: /home/oracle/app/oracle. Don't change it, <br />
unless you know what you're doing. <br />
<br />
4.3.1 Change the default "Name" to orarch or something else. <br />
<br />
4.3.2 The predefined path in /etc/rc.d/oracledb is "orarch", ie: <br />
/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch. If you want to use a <br />
different path you'll have to change /etc/rc.d/oracledb, so that <br />
the startup script can locate ORACLE_HOME directory.<br />
<br />
4.3.3 After changing the defaults, click on "Next". <br />
<br />
4.4 Since Oracle database requires certain distro requirement, <br />
you'll have to manually check them and then click on "Next".<br />
<br />
4.5 Chose "Software Install Only" and click on "Next".<br />
<br />
4.6 There is only one DBA group for oracle database. Click on "Next".<br />
<br />
4.7 Install "Summary" shows what's going to be installed. Click on "Install".<br />
<br />
4.8 The installation will take some time, especially the "Linking" part. Be<br />
patient! If you get an error message ignore it by clicking on "Continue".<br />
<br />
4.8.1 At the end of the installation you'll have to open another terminal,<br />
and execute /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch/root.sh as root.<br />
Don't klick on "OK" yet.<br />
<br />
4.8.2 When running root.sh, you need to use /usr/local/bin as the full pathname.<br />
Press the "Enter" key here.<br />
<br />
4.8.3 Now you can click on "OK"<br />
<br />
4.9 Installation is finnished, click on "Exit" and "Yes", you really want to exit.<br />
<br />
===创建数据库===<br />
----<br />
<br />
'''第五步'''<br />
您现在仅仅是安装好来Oracle软件,您需要创建一个数据库。以用户名为oracle登录:<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
设置ORACLE_HOME目录:<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
运行数据库安装脚本:<br />
dbca<br />
<br />
'''第六步'''<br />
6.1 Click on "Next".<br />
6.2 Check "Create a Database" and click on "Next".<br />
6.3 Check "General Purpose or Transaction Processing" and click on "Next".<br />
6.4 Chose a database name and SID. Example: Global Database Name: archlinux, <br />
SID: archlinux. And then click on "Next".<br />
6.5 Uncheck "Configure Enterprise Manager", leave it empty and click on "Next".<br />
6.6 Check "Use the Same Administrative Password for All Accounts",<br />
set password and click on "Next". <br />
6.7 Check "File System" and click on "Next".<br />
6.8 Check "Use Database File Locations from Template" and click on "Next".<br />
6.9 Uncheck "Specify Flash Recovery Area" and click on "Next".<br />
6.10 No need for "Sample Schemas", click on "Next".<br />
6.11 If you don't know what you're doing, check "Typical" and click on "Next"<br />
6.12 Check "Keep the enhanced 11g default security settings" and click on "Next".<br />
6.13 Uncheck "Enable automatic maintenance tasks" if you wish to do it by<br />
yourself and click on "Next".<br />
6.14 View your filesystem layout and click on "Next".<br />
6.15 "Create Database" is checked by default. Click on "Finish" to create database.<br />
6.16 Summary of following operations to be performed, click on "OK".<br />
6.17 When database creation is complete, click on "Exit".<br />
<br />
===测试数据库===<br />
----<br />
<br />
以oracle用户身份登录,然后设置ORACLE_SID="yourSID"等等,如:<br />
export ORACLE_SID=archlinux<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
运行oraenv来确认您的配置:<br />
oraenv<br />
<br />
ORACLE_SID = [archlinux] ? <br />
The Oracle base for ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch <br />
is /home/oracle/app/oracle<br />
<br />
<br />
检查数据库是否关闭或者是启动:<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> shutdown immediate;<br />
Database closed.<br />
Database dismounted.<br />
ORACLE instance shut down.<br />
<br />
SQL> startup mount;<br />
<br />
ORACLE instance started.<br />
<br />
Total System Global Area 385003520 bytes<br />
Fixed Size 1300100 bytes<br />
Variable Size 234883452 bytes<br />
Database Buffers 142606336 bytes<br />
Redo Buffers 6213632 bytes<br />
Database mounted.<br />
Database opened.<br />
<br />
Type "quit" when you want to leave SQL prompt:<br />
SQL> quit <br />
<br />
===在开机时启动oracle===<br />
----<br />
<br />
If you want to start with your oracle SID, replace ":N" with ":Y" in /etc/oratab:<br />
<br />
archlinux:/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch:N<br />
<br />
archlinux:/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch:Y<br />
<br />
To start the oracle database daemon during boot, add "oracledb" in your /etc/rc.conf:<br />
<br />
DAEMONS=(oracledb syslog-ng dbus !network netfs crond ntpd alsa hal wicd fam)<br />
<br />
Note: If the daemon doesn't start, please check that the ORACLE_HOME path matches your current oracle directory in /etc/rc.d/oracledb:<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
<br />
[oracle@archlinux orarch]$ pwd<br />
/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
<br />
Test starting the daemon as root:<br />
/etc/rc.d/oracledb start<br />
<br />
Starting Oracle: <br />
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 27-FEB-2009 23:14:45<br />
...<br />
The command completed successfully<br />
Processing Database instance "archlinux": log file <br />
/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch/startup.log<br />
OK<br />
<br />
Now you'll login to your oracle database each time you reboot:<br />
su oracle<br />
export ORACLE_SID=archlinux<br />
oraenv<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
===为普通用户设定权限===<br />
----<br />
<br />
此时仅仅一个用户(oracle)能够使用oracle数据库。您需要添加您其他的用户到组“dba”。假设“joe”是一个普通用户:<br />
gpasswd -a joe dba<br />
<br />
dba组在您登出时然后登录进来才生效。用户oracle拥有oracle家目录的权限,如 /home/oracle:<br />
drwx------ 6 oracle dba 4096 2009-02-27 23:27 oracle<br />
<br />
您需要使组“dba”拥有权限来执行oracle目录下到二进制文件:<br />
chmod -R g+x /home/oracle<br />
<br />
此时您的普通用户就可以使用oracle数据库了。<br />
<br />
===疑难解答===<br />
----<br />
<br />
已知问题: Oracle数据库11gR1在x86-64上无法成功安装(linkage error),是因为gcc和make的原因。 <br />
<br />
===更多资源===<br />
----<br />
<br />
大部分的步骤是基于ubuntu用户的oracle安装向导,这篇文档包括一步一步的图形例子:<br />
http://www.pythian.com/blogs/1355/installing-oracle-11gr1-on-ubuntu-810-intrepid-ibex</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Oracle_Database_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=63320Oracle Database (简体中文)2009-02-28T12:27:02Z<p>Imagelife: Created page with '===介绍=== ---- 这份文档将会帮助您把Oracle数据库11gR1安装到Arch Linux。通过使用在AUR里面的软件包,您能够通过少量的步骤完成长时间 ...'</p>
<hr />
<div>===介绍===<br />
----<br />
<br />
这份文档将会帮助您把Oracle数据库11gR1安装到Arch Linux。通过使用在AUR里面的软件包,您能够通过少量的步骤完成长时间<br />
的安装过程。<br />
<br />
===安装===<br />
----<br />
<br />
'''第一步'''<br />
从AUR里面下载Arch Linux 软件包:http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=23730<br />
下载Oracle数据库11gR1:http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html<br />
<br />
注意:Oracle数据库11gR1 64位 for linux 在Arch Linux上无法完成安装。<br />
<br />
<br />
'''第二步'''<br />
解压Arch Linux 软件包到一个目录。同时把Oracle数据库11gR1复制到同一目录下。通过使用makepkg来安装Oracle:<br />
<br />
makepkg -s<br />
<br />
按照顺序创建用户“oracle”和组“dba”,makepkg将会询问您root密码。在此之后您需要为用户oracle设定密码。<br />
<br />
'''第三步'''<br />
使用pacman来安装makepkg打好到软件包:<br />
pacman -U oracle-11g-i686.pkg.tar.gz<br />
<br />
此时pacman将会执行Oracle自己的安装脚本(./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs)<br />
<br />
'''第四步'''<br />
4.1 Click on "Next". <br />
<br />
4.2 Chose "Enterprise Edition" Installation Type and click on "Next"<br />
<br />
4.3 Oracle Base should be: /home/oracle/app/oracle. Don't change it, <br />
unless you know what you're doing. <br />
<br />
4.3.1 Change the default "Name" to orarch or something else. <br />
<br />
4.3.2 The predefined path in /etc/rc.d/oracledb is "orarch", ie: <br />
/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch. If you want to use a <br />
different path you'll have to change /etc/rc.d/oracledb, so that <br />
the startup script can locate ORACLE_HOME directory.<br />
<br />
4.3.3 After changing the defaults, click on "Next". <br />
<br />
4.4 Since Oracle database requires certain distro requirement, <br />
you'll have to manually check them and then click on "Next".<br />
<br />
4.5 Chose "Software Install Only" and click on "Next".<br />
<br />
4.6 There is only one DBA group for oracle database. Click on "Next".<br />
<br />
4.7 Install "Summary" shows what's going to be installed. Click on "Install".<br />
<br />
4.8 The installation will take some time, especially the "Linking" part. Be<br />
patient! If you get an error message ignore it by clicking on "Continue".<br />
<br />
4.8.1 At the end of the installation you'll have to open another terminal,<br />
and execute /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch/root.sh as root.<br />
Don't klick on "OK" yet.<br />
<br />
4.8.2 When running root.sh, you need to use /usr/local/bin as the full pathname.<br />
Press the "Enter" key here.<br />
<br />
4.8.3 Now you can click on "OK"<br />
<br />
4.9 Installation is finnished, click on "Exit" and "Yes", you really want to exit.<br />
<br />
===创建数据库===<br />
----<br />
<br />
'''第五步'''<br />
您现在仅仅是安装好来Oracle软件,您需要创建一个数据库。以用户名为oracle登录:<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
设置ORACLE_HOME目录:<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
运行数据库安装脚本:<br />
dbca<br />
<br />
'''第六步'''<br />
6.1 Click on "Next".<br />
6.2 Check "Create a Database" and click on "Next".<br />
6.3 Check "General Purpose or Transaction Processing" and click on "Next".<br />
6.4 Chose a database name and SID. Example: Global Database Name: archlinux, <br />
SID: archlinux. And then click on "Next".<br />
6.5 Uncheck "Configure Enterprise Manager", leave it empty and click on "Next".<br />
6.6 Check "Use the Same Administrative Password for All Accounts",<br />
set password and click on "Next". <br />
6.7 Check "File System" and click on "Next".<br />
6.8 Check "Use Database File Locations from Template" and click on "Next".<br />
6.9 Uncheck "Specify Flash Recovery Area" and click on "Next".<br />
6.10 No need for "Sample Schemas", click on "Next".<br />
6.11 If you don't know what you're doing, check "Typical" and click on "Next"<br />
6.12 Check "Keep the enhanced 11g default security settings" and click on "Next".<br />
6.13 Uncheck "Enable automatic maintenance tasks" if you wish to do it by<br />
yourself and click on "Next".<br />
6.14 View your filesystem layout and click on "Next".<br />
6.15 "Create Database" is checked by default. Click on "Finish" to create database.<br />
6.16 Summary of following operations to be performed, click on "OK".<br />
6.17 When database creation is complete, click on "Exit".<br />
<br />
===测试数据库===<br />
----<br />
<br />
以oracle用户身份登录,然后设置ORACLE_SID="yourSID"等等,如:<br />
export ORACLE_SID=archlinux<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
运行oraenv来确认您的配置:<br />
oraenv<br />
<br />
ORACLE_SID = [archlinux] ? <br />
The Oracle base for ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch <br />
is /home/oracle/app/oracle<br />
<br />
<br />
检查数据库是否关闭或者是启动:<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> shutdown immediate;<br />
Database closed.<br />
Database dismounted.<br />
ORACLE instance shut down.<br />
<br />
SQL> startup mount;<br />
<br />
ORACLE instance started.<br />
<br />
Total System Global Area 385003520 bytes<br />
Fixed Size 1300100 bytes<br />
Variable Size 234883452 bytes<br />
Database Buffers 142606336 bytes<br />
Redo Buffers 6213632 bytes<br />
Database mounted.<br />
Database opened.<br />
<br />
Type "quit" when you want to leave SQL prompt:<br />
SQL> quit <br />
<br />
===在开机时启动oracle===<br />
----<br />
<br />
If you want to start with your oracle SID, replace ":N" with ":Y" in /etc/oratab:<br />
<br />
archlinux:/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch:N<br />
<br />
archlinux:/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch:Y<br />
<br />
To start the oracle database daemon during boot, add "oracledb" in your /etc/rc.conf:<br />
<br />
DAEMONS=(oracledb syslog-ng dbus !network netfs crond ntpd alsa hal wicd fam)<br />
<br />
Note: If the daemon doesn't start, please check that the ORACLE_HOME path matches your current oracle directory in /etc/rc.d/oracledb:<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
<br />
[oracle@archlinux orarch]$ pwd<br />
/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
<br />
Test starting the daemon as root:<br />
/etc/rc.d/oracledb start<br />
<br />
Starting Oracle: <br />
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 27-FEB-2009 23:14:45<br />
...<br />
The command completed successfully<br />
Processing Database instance "archlinux": log file <br />
/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch/startup.log<br />
OK<br />
<br />
Now you'll login to your oracle database each time you reboot:<br />
su oracle<br />
export ORACLE_SID=archlinux<br />
oraenv<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
===为普通用户设定权限===<br />
----<br />
<br />
此时仅仅一个用户(oracle)能够使用oracle数据库。您需要添加您其他的用户到组“dba”。假设“joe”是一个普通用户:<br />
gpasswd -a joe dba<br />
<br />
dba组在您登出时然后登录进来才生效。用户oracle拥有oracle家目录的权限,如 /home/oracle:<br />
drwx------ 6 oracle dba 4096 2009-02-27 23:27 oracle<br />
<br />
您需要使组“dba”拥有权限来执行oracle目录下到二进制文件:<br />
chmod -R g+x /home/oracle<br />
<br />
此时您的普通用户就可以使用oracle数据库了。<br />
<br />
===疑难解答===<br />
----<br />
<br />
已知问题: Oracle数据库11gR1在x86-64上无法成功安装(linkage error),是因为gcc和make的原因。 <br />
<br />
===更多资源===<br />
----<br />
<br />
大部分的步骤是基于ubuntu用户的oracle安装向导,这篇文档包括一步一步的图形例子:<br />
http://www.pythian.com/blogs/1355/installing-oracle-11gr1-on-ubuntu-810-intrepid-ibex</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Oracle_Database&diff=63319Oracle Database2009-02-28T11:47:33Z<p>Imagelife: add translation for CN</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Database_management_systems (English)]]<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|Oracle (简体中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
===Introduction===<br />
----<br />
<br />
This document will help you intall the Oracle Database 11gR1 on Arch Linux. By using the Arch Linux package in AUR, you will be able to finalize the long installation process with only few steps.<br />
<br />
===Installation===<br />
----<br />
<br />
'''Step 1.'''<br />
Download the Arch Linux package from AUR: http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=23730<br />
Download the Oracle database 11gR1: http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html<br />
<br />
Note: Oracle database 11gR1 for 64-bit Linux doesn't complete the installation properly on Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
'''Step 2.'''<br />
Extract the Arch Linux package into a directory. Copy the Oracle database 11gR1 into that directory as well. and install Oracle by using makepkg:<br />
<br />
makepkg -s<br />
<br />
In order to create the user ''oracle'' and the group ''dba'', makepkg will ask for your root password. After that you'll need to set the password for the user oracle.<br />
<br />
'''Step 3.'''<br />
Install the package that makepkg has created by using pacman:<br />
pacman -U oracle-11g-i686.pkg.tar.gz<br />
<br />
Now pacman will execute Oracle's own installation script(./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs)<br />
<br />
'''Step 4.'''<br />
4.1 Click on "Next". <br />
<br />
4.2 Chose "Enterprise Edition" Installation Type and click on "Next"<br />
<br />
4.3 Oracle Base should be: /home/oracle/app/oracle. Don't change it, <br />
unless you know what you're doing. <br />
<br />
4.3.1 Change the default "Name" to orarch or something else. <br />
<br />
4.3.2 The predefined path in /etc/rc.d/oracledb is "orarch", ie: <br />
/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch. If you want to use a <br />
different path you'll have to change /etc/rc.d/oracledb, so that <br />
the startup script can locate ORACLE_HOME directory.<br />
<br />
4.3.3 After changing the defaults, click on "Next". <br />
<br />
4.4 Since Oracle database requires certain distro requirement, <br />
you'll have to manually check them and then click on "Next".<br />
<br />
4.5 Chose "Software Install Only" and click on "Next".<br />
<br />
4.6 There is only one DBA group for oracle database. Click on "Next".<br />
<br />
4.7 Install "Summary" shows what's going to be installed. Click on "Install".<br />
<br />
4.8 The installation will take some time, especially the "Linking" part. Be<br />
patient! If you get an error message ignore it by clicking on "Continue".<br />
<br />
4.8.1 At the end of the installation you'll have to open another terminal,<br />
and execute /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch/root.sh as root.<br />
Don't klick on "OK" yet.<br />
<br />
4.8.2 When running root.sh, you need to use /usr/local/bin as the full pathname.<br />
Press the "Enter" key here.<br />
<br />
4.8.3 Now you can click on "OK"<br />
<br />
4.9 Installation is finnished, click on "Exit" and "Yes", you really want to exit.<br />
<br />
===Creating Database===<br />
----<br />
<br />
'''Step 5.'''<br />
Now that you have only installed the Oracle Software, you need to create a database. Login as the user oracle:<br />
su oracle<br />
<br />
Export the ORACLE_HOME binary directory:<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
Run database installation script:<br />
dbca<br />
<br />
'''Step 6.'''<br />
6.1 Click on "Next".<br />
6.2 Check "Create a Database" and click on "Next".<br />
6.3 Check "General Purpose or Transaction Processing" and click on "Next".<br />
6.4 Chose a database name and SID. Example: Global Database Name: archlinux, <br />
SID: archlinux. And then click on "Next".<br />
6.5 Uncheck "Configure Enterprise Manager", leave it empty and click on "Next".<br />
6.6 Check "Use the Same Administrative Password for All Accounts",<br />
set password and click on "Next". <br />
6.7 Check "File System" and click on "Next".<br />
6.8 Check "Use Database File Locations from Template" and click on "Next".<br />
6.9 Uncheck "Specify Flash Recovery Area" and click on "Next".<br />
6.10 No need for "Sample Schemas", click on "Next".<br />
6.11 If you don't know what you're doing, check "Typical" and click on "Next"<br />
6.12 Check "Keep the enhanced 11g default security settings" and click on "Next".<br />
6.13 Uncheck "Enable automatic maintenance tasks" if you wish to do it by<br />
yourself and click on "Next".<br />
6.14 View your filesystem layout and click on "Next".<br />
6.15 "Create Database" is checked by default. Click on "Finish" to create database.<br />
6.16 Summary of following operations to be performed, click on "OK".<br />
6.17 When database creation is complete, click on "Exit".<br />
<br />
===Testing Database===<br />
----<br />
<br />
Login as the user oracle and run export ORACLE_SID="yourSID" etc., ie:<br />
export ORACLE_SID=archlinux<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin<br />
<br />
Running oraenv should confirm the exported configuration:<br />
oraenv<br />
<br />
ORACLE_SID = [archlinux] ? <br />
The Oracle base for ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch <br />
is /home/oracle/app/oracle<br />
<br />
<br />
Check if the database is shutting down or starting:<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
SQL> shutdown immediate;<br />
Database closed.<br />
Database dismounted.<br />
ORACLE instance shut down.<br />
<br />
SQL> startup mount;<br />
<br />
ORACLE instance started.<br />
<br />
Total System Global Area 385003520 bytes<br />
Fixed Size 1300100 bytes<br />
Variable Size 234883452 bytes<br />
Database Buffers 142606336 bytes<br />
Redo Buffers 6213632 bytes<br />
Database mounted.<br />
Database opened.<br />
<br />
Type "quit" when you want to leave SQL prompt:<br />
SQL> quit <br />
<br />
===Starting oracle during the boot===<br />
----<br />
<br />
If you want to start with your oracle SID, replace ":N" with ":Y" in /etc/oratab:<br />
<br />
archlinux:/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch:N<br />
<br />
archlinux:/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch:Y<br />
<br />
To start the oracle database daemon during boot, add "oracledb" in your /etc/rc.conf:<br />
<br />
DAEMONS=(oracledb syslog-ng dbus !network netfs crond ntpd alsa hal wicd fam)<br />
<br />
Note: If the daemon doesn't start, please check that the ORACLE_HOME path matches your current oracle directory in /etc/rc.d/oracledb:<br />
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
<br />
[oracle@archlinux orarch]$ pwd<br />
/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch<br />
<br />
Test starting the daemon as root:<br />
/etc/rc.d/oracledb start<br />
<br />
Starting Oracle: <br />
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 27-FEB-2009 23:14:45<br />
...<br />
The command completed successfully<br />
Processing Database instance "archlinux": log file <br />
/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/orarch/startup.log<br />
OK<br />
<br />
Now you'll login to your oracle database each time you reboot:<br />
su oracle<br />
export ORACLE_SID=archlinux<br />
oraenv<br />
sqlplus '/as sysdba'<br />
<br />
===Setting Permissions for Normal Users===<br />
----<br />
<br />
Since there is only one user(oracle) that has access to the oracle database, you need to add your normal user to the group "dba". In this case "joe" is the normal user:<br />
gpasswd -a joe dba<br />
<br />
The group changes will take effect after you logout and login again. The user oracle has the permissions to access the oracle home directory, ie /home/oracle:<br />
drwx------ 6 oracle dba 4096 2009-02-27 23:27 oracle<br />
<br />
You need to grant the group "dba" permission to execute the binary files in the oracle home directory:<br />
chmod -R g+x /home/oracle<br />
<br />
Now you'll be able to run the oracle database as the normal user.<br />
<br />
===Troubleshooting===<br />
----<br />
<br />
Known issue: Oracle database 11gR1 doesn't complete installation(linkage error) on x86-64, due to gcc and make.<br />
<br />
===More Resources===<br />
----<br />
<br />
Most of the steps are based on this oracle installation guide for ubuntu users. This guide includes step by step graphical examples:<br />
http://www.pythian.com/blogs/1355/installing-oracle-11gr1-on-ubuntu-810-intrepid-ibex</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=General_purpose_mouse_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=55347General purpose mouse (简体中文)2008-12-13T13:32:17Z<p>Imagelife: /* 问题: 怎么配置在终端下使用鼠标? */</p>
<hr />
<div>====问题: 怎么配置在终端下使用鼠标?====<br />
<b>A: </b>为使在终端下使用鼠标,您得安装'''gpm'''软件包。如果您没有安装它,用如下方式获取它:<br />
<br />
<code>pacman -S gpm</code>.<br />
<br />
为了使用gpm,您可以从/etc/rc.conf文件加载gpm,把gpm添加至daemons 行里面。以下是一个例子,包括gpm:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
DAEMONS=(syslog-ng !hotplug !pcmcia network netfs openntpd crond cups gpm)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
gpm软件包启动是需要一些参数。这些参数可以添加到 ''/etc/conf.d/gpm''文件里。下面是文件里面的例子:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
#<br />
# Parameters to be passed to gpm<br />
#<br />
GPM_ARGS="-m /dev/input/mice -t ps2"<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
-m 参数表示预定义要使用的鼠标。-t参数表示预处理您使用的鼠标类型(例子中的是ps2 鼠标)。如果您不知道哪种类型将被选择, load the package using a fake name (e.g. "helpme"). In this way you will get a list of available types.<br />
<br />
更多信息,请参考 <code>man gpm</code>.</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=General_purpose_mouse_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=55346General purpose mouse (简体中文)2008-12-13T13:31:38Z<p>Imagelife: New page: ====问题: 怎么配置在终端下使用鼠标?==== <b>A: </b>为使在终端下使用鼠标,您得安装'''gpm'''软件包。如果您没有安装它,用如下方式获取它: ...</p>
<hr />
<div>====问题: 怎么配置在终端下使用鼠标?====<br />
<b>A: </b>为使在终端下使用鼠标,您得安装'''gpm'''软件包。如果您没有安装它,用如下方式获取它:<br />
<br />
<code>pacman -S gpm</code>.<br />
<br />
为了使用gpm,您可以从/etc/rc.conf文件加载gpm,把gpm添加至daemons 行里面。以下是一个例子,包括gpm:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
DAEMONS=(syslog-ng !hotplug !pcmcia network netfs openntpd crond cups gpm)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
gpm软件包启动是需要一些参数。这些参数可以添加到 ''/etc/conf.d/gpm''文件里。下面是文件里面的例子:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
#<br />
# Parameters to be passed to gpm<br />
#<br />
GPM_ARGS="-m /dev/input/mice -t ps2"<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
-m 参数表示预定义要使用的鼠标。-t参数表示预处理您使用的鼠标类型(例子中的是ps2 鼠标)。如果您不知道哪种类型将被选择,, load the package using a fake name (e.g. "helpme"). In this way you will get a list of available types.<br />
<br />
更多信息,请看 <code>man gpm</code>.</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=General_purpose_mouse&diff=55345General purpose mouse2008-12-13T13:21:46Z<p>Imagelife: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Daemons and system services (English)]]<br />
[[Category:Input devices (English)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (English)]]<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|How to use a mouse in the console}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Italiano|How to use a mouse in the console (Italiano)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Русский|Как использовать мышь в консоли}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|How to use a mouse in the console(简体中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
====Q: How do I configure a mouse to be used in the console?====<br />
<b>A: </b>To use your mouse in the console, you need the '''gpm''' package. If it is not installed, get it with:<br />
<br />
<code>pacman -S gpm</code>.<br />
<br />
To use it, you can load gpm from the /etc/rc.conf file, adding it to the daemons line. Here is an example of this line, including gpm:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
DAEMONS=(syslog-ng !hotplug !pcmcia network netfs openntpd crond cups gpm)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The gpm package needs to be started with a few parameters. These parameters can be added in the file ''/etc/conf.d/gpm''. Here is an example of the content of the file:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
#<br />
# Parameters to be passed to gpm<br />
#<br />
GPM_ARGS="-m /dev/input/mice -t ps2"<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The -m parameter precedes the declaration of the mouse to be used. The -t parameter precedes the type of mouse you are using (A PS2 mouse in this case). If you do not know what types are there to be chosen, load the package using a fake name (e.g. "helpme"). In this way you will get a list of available types.<br />
<br />
For more info see <code>man gpm</code>.</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=User:Imagelife&diff=54185User:Imagelife2008-11-27T03:17:44Z<p>Imagelife: </p>
<hr />
<div>Hi, it's imagelife from China.^_^<br />
<br />
so happy with archlinux !</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=HAL_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=52893HAL (简体中文)2008-11-08T02:02:27Z<p>Imagelife: /* 语言问题 */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:简体中文]]<br />
[[Category:守护进程和系统服务]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (简体中文)]]<br />
<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|HAL}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Polish|HAL_(Polski)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Русский|HAL_(Русский)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|HAL_(简体中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
=HAL总览=<br />
硬件抽象层(Hardware Abstraction Layer,HAL)是一个守护进程,它允许桌面应用程序即时读取硬件信息,这样,无论接口或设备类型如何,应用程序都能找到并使用它们。用这种方法,图形界面以一种无缝、一致的模式为用户提供所有的资源。<br />
<br />
例如,HAL能收集可移动存储器的信息然后在桌面上创建一个图标让用户方便地读写。<br />
<br />
=初始设置=<br />
HAL要求守护进程dbus的存在,因此我们需要把它们两个都装上。打开终端,以root身份输入:<br />
# pacman -S dbus hal<br />
然后以root身份用你喜欢的编辑器编辑''/rc.conf''文件,把'''hal'''添加到DAEMONS列,例如:<br />
DAEMONS=(syslog-ng '''hal''' network netfs ...)<br />
现在hal守护进程就会在启动时加载了。hal会在初始化的时候检查并自动加载dbus,如果你的DAEMONS列表里有dbus,请移除它,因为那有可能引起麻烦。<br />
<br />
你也可以手动启动hal。以root身份输入以下命令:<br />
# /etc/rc.d/hal start<br />
<br />
为了让dbus和hal正常地发挥作用,本地用户必须是'''optical''','''storage''','''hal'''组的成员。要实现这一点,打开终端,以root身份输入以下命令:<br />
# gpasswd -a ''username'' optical<br />
# gpasswd -a ''username'' storage<br />
# gpasswd -a ''username'' hal<br />
<br />
把“username“换成你的用户名(比如johndoe)<br />
<br />
如果你在把自己加到这些组之前已经启动了hal,那么你要把hal和dbus两者都重新启动以使这些变动生效。你可以用root身份输入:<br />
# /etc/rc.d/dbus restart<br />
# /etc/rc.d/hal restart<br />
<br />
=策略=<br />
==权限策略==<br />
<br />
程序通过一个D-Bus接口同HAL进行交流。在这里定义很多[http://people.freedesktop.org/~david/hal-spec/hal-spec.html#interfaces 接口],每个相关含有不同方式:存储设备接口,例如,有'弹出设备'和'关闭光驱'。 为了能够'挂载'USB盘上的一个分区,你必须获取相关的D-bus接口(这个地方说的是'卷宗'''volume'')。 <br />
<br />
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/hal.conf这个配置文件包含了HAL-specific具体的特权。也就是哪些用户有权力访问哪些接口。/etc/dbus-1/system.conf这个文件内容定义了用在D-bus接口上的例外的策略。简单来说,你需要查看你给用户访问DBUS/HAL接口的权力有哪些,因为D-Bus默认是不会给你任何全权限的。<br />
<br />
默认的hal.conf包含了一些允许和拒绝访问的策略,amongst them this default (the later of two defaults and therefore seemingly the deciding one):<br />
<br />
<!-- Default policy for the exported interfaces --><br />
<policy context="default"><br />
<deny send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.SystemPowerManagement"/><br />
<deny send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.VideoAdapterPM"/><br />
<deny send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.LaptopPanel"/><br />
<deny send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.Volume"/><br />
<deny send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.Volume.Crypto"/><br />
</policy><br />
<br />
简单的说,默认设置是用户被拒绝访问如挂载或者卸载卷的接口。下面的策略就是来让'power'和'storage'组用户访问特定设备的:<br />
<br />
<policy group="power"><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.SystemPowerManagement"/><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.LaptopPanel"/><br />
</policy><br />
<br />
<policy group="storage"><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.Volume"/><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.Volume.Crypto"/><br />
</policy><br />
<br />
这就是为什么你需要添加你的用户到这些组的原因(见'初始设置'),这样也可以减少自己设置配置文件的数量。因此一个好的方法就是把你的用户名称加入到给予访问列出的HAL设备权限的用户策略之中(把zero替换成你的用户名称):<br />
<br />
<!-- You can change this to a more suitable user, or make per-group --><br />
<policy user="0"><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.SystemPowerManagement"/><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.VideoAdapterPM"/><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.LaptopPanel"/><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.Volume"/><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.Volume.Crypto"/><br />
</policy><br />
<br />
==设备具体策略==<br />
<br />
===NTFS===<br />
如果你想在挂载NTFS文件系统时获得写入支持,你必须安装[[NTFS Write Support|ntfs-3g]]然后添加如下内容到 /usr/share/hal/fdi/policy/10osvendor/20-ntfs-config-write-policy.fdi (不存在就新建)<br />
<br />
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- -*- SGML -*- --><br />
<deviceinfo version="0.2"><br />
<device><br />
<match key="volume.fstype" string="ntfs"><br />
<match key="@block.storage_device:storage.hotpluggable" bool="true"><br />
<merge key="volume.fstype" type="string">ntfs-3g</merge><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_filesystem" type="string">ntfs-3g</merge><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">locale=</append><br />
</match><br />
</match><br />
</device><br />
</deviceinfo><br />
<br />
注意:GNOME自2.20版起使用ntfs-3g挂载ntfs分区,因此你不再需要添加这些了。<br />
<br />
=== mount.ntfs链接 ===<br />
对hal>=0.5.10,上面的策略可能不起作用。这里有一个临时的办法可以强制hal使用ntfs-3g而不是标准的ntfs驱动。请注意,这个办法将会使你的系统中所有ntfs驱动器都使用ntfs-3g的驱动!作为root创建一个从mount.ntfs到ntfs-3g的软链接:<br />
<br />
# ln -s /sbin/mount.ntfs-3g /sbin/mount.ntfs<br />
<br />
这一做法可能引起的问题:<br />
* 带有“-i“参数的mount命令会失效<br />
* 可能与内核中的ntfs模块发生冲突<br />
<br />
=== 语言问题 ===<br />
如果你使用KDE,含有非拉丁字符的文件名可能会是一个麻烦。之所以发生这样的问题,是因为KDE的挂载程序没有正确地解析这些策略和语言项。这里有一个临时的办法来解决:<br />
<br />
1) 移除软链接“/sbin/mount.ntfs-3g"。代码:rm /sbin/mount.ntfs-3g<br />
<br />
2) 把它替换成包含如下内容的bash脚本:<br />
<br />
#!/bin/bash<br />
/bin/ntfs-3g $1 $2 -o locale=en_US.UTF-8 #put your own locale here<br />
<br />
3) 使它可执行: chmod +x /sbin/mount.ntfs-3g<br />
<br />
4) 添加 "<code>NoUpgrade = sbin/mount.ntfs-3g</code>" 到 /etc/pacman.conf.<br />
<br />
<br />
下面是一个可选择的方法来处理非拉丁字符的问题:<br />
<br />
1)以root身份打开shell<br />
<br />
2)输入:"<code>mv /sbin/mount.ntfs-3g /sbin/mount.ntfs-3g.sav</code>"<br />
<br />
3)新建一个文件<code>/sbin/mount.ntfs-3g</code> 包含如下内容:<br />
<br />
#!/bin/bash<br />
/sbin/mount.ntfs-3g.sav $1 $2 -o locale=zh_CN.UTF-8<br />
<br />
根据你的需求来改变系统locale。<br />
<br />
4)使刚才创建的文件可执行<br />
<br />
"<code><br />
chmod +x /sbin/mount.ntfs-3g<br />
</code>"<br />
<br />
5)添加 "<code>NoUpgrade = sbin/mount.ntfs-3g</code>" 到<code>/etc/pacman.conf</code>。<br />
<br />
6)改变<code>/usr/share/hal/fdi/policy/10osvendor/20-storage-methods.fdi</code> 中的ntfs部分根据下面的内容<br />
<br />
<code><br />
<!-- allow these mount options for ntfs --><br />
<match key="volume.fstype" string="ntfs"><br />
<match key="/org/freedesktop/Hal/devices/computer:system.kernel.name" string="Linux"><br />
<merge key="volume.fstype" type="string">ntfs-3g</merge><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_filesystem" type="string">ntfs-3g</merge><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">uid=</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">gid=</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">umask=</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">dmask=</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">fmask=</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">locale=</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">utf8</append><br />
</match><br />
<match key="/org/freedesktop/Hal/devices/computer:system.kernel.name" string="FreeBSD"><br />
<merge key="volume.fstype" type="string">ntfs-3g</merge><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_filesystem" type="string">ntfs-3g</merge><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">-u=</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">-g=</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">-m=</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">-a</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">-i</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">-C=</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">-W=</append><br />
</match><br />
</code><br />
<br />
==为ntfs-3g打开dmask和fmask==<br />
dmask和fmask是很有用的设定,它们为目录和文件设置不同的访问权限,比如:dmask=000,fmask=111将令目录对所有人可读,同时保持文件不可执行。<br />
<br />
<!-- mount ntfs volume with the ntfs-3g driver to enable write support --><br />
<device><br />
<match key="volume.fstype" string="ntfs"><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">dmask=</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">fmask=</append><br />
</match><br />
</device><br />
<br />
==设置iPod的挂载点==<br />
如果你不告诉hal把ipod挂载到哪里,它就会根据你给ipod起的名字将其挂载到一个同名文件夹下。要改变这一点,必须给hal制定一个策略。<br />
<br />
<device><br />
<match key="@block.storage_device:storage.model" string="iPod"><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.desired_mount_point" type="string">ipod</merge><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_option.iocharset=iso8859-15" type="bool">true</merge><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_option.sync" type="bool">true</merge><br />
</match><br />
</device><br />
<br />
==只自动挂载可移除设备==<br />
默认地,hal自动挂载所有没有被挂载到/etc/fstab的可用分区并为它们创建桌面图标。要跳过这种行为方式,只自动挂载可移除设备,只需添加规则:<br />
<br />
<device><br />
<match key="storage.hotpluggable" bool="false"><br />
<match key="storage.removable" bool="false"><br />
<merge key="storage.automount_enabled_hint" type="bool">false</merge><br />
</match><br />
</match><br />
</device><br />
<br />
如果你使用KDE,设备被自动挂载了(比如它出现在Konquerer中)却没有出现在桌面上,打开控制中心-> Desktop -> Behavior -> Device Symbols(第三个标签)确认它的复选框是勾上的。<br />
<br />
== 在小于8G的设备上打开sync和noatime,在容量更大的设备上关闭它们==<br />
这么做可以防止小容量设备上(比如USB闪存)的数据损坏, 同时又提高了大容量设备的性能(假设1GB = 1000000000 byte).<br />
<br />
<device> <br />
<match key="block.is_volume" bool="true"><br />
<match key="volume.size" compare_lt="8000000000"><br />
<match key="@block.storage_device:storage.hotpluggable" bool="true"><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_option.sync" type="bool">true</merge><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_option.noatime" type="bool">true</merge><br />
</match><br />
<match key="@block.storage_device:storage.removable" bool="true"><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_option.sync" type="bool">true</merge><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_option.noatime" type="bool">true</merge><br />
</match><br />
</match><br />
<match key="volume.size" compare_ge="8000000000"><br />
<match key="@block.storage_device:storage.hotpluggable" bool="true"><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_option.sync" type="bool">false</merge><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_option.noatime" type="bool">false</merge><br />
</match><br />
<match key="@block.storage_device:storage.removable" bool="true"><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_option.sync" type="bool">false</merge><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_option.noatime" type="bool">false</merge><br />
</match><br />
</match><br />
</match><br />
</device><br />
<br />
== ... 最后 ==<br />
<br />
重启hal<br />
# /etc/rc.d/hal restart<br />
<br />
=疑难解答=<br />
==Security error==<br />
如果系统识别出插入的CD/DVD并在桌面上创建了图标,但你却不能打开浏览这一设备,那么你可能需要让你的用户加入“storage”组。<br />
<br />
适用于这样的情形:双击图标时弹出错误窗口,提示“A security policy prevents this sender from sending this message to this recipient...“<br />
<br />
以root身份按照如下方法添加你的用户到“storage”组<br />
gpasswd -a USERNAME storage<br />
<br />
你可以这样来查看自己属于哪些组<br />
groups USERNAME<br />
作为补充,你还可以查看“/etc/group”文件,确认你的用户名被列在你希望从属于的组的名称之后,以此来验证自己属于某一特定的组。强烈推荐你这样做,因为有的时候虽然“groups USERNAME”显示你属于某一组,但这一情况却没有被反映在“/etc/group”文件中,这样你就不能获得该组的权限。<br />
<br />
==插入的CD/DVD不能被hal识别==<br />
如果插入的CD/DVD没有被hal识别(桌面上没有图标),检查/etc/fstab,移除可选驱动器的相关行。<br />
<br />
==USB闪盘/驱动器没有被正确地自动挂载==<br />
这段内容来自[http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=248224| 这个论坛].<br />
<br />
如果你在自动挂载USB闪盘/驱动器时遭遇了麻烦,自动挂载CD、DVD却毫无问题,而且如果你可以手动挂载那些遇到麻烦的USB设备,那么你应该在/etc/hal/fdi/policy中创建一个“preferences.fdi”文件,然后把下面这一行粘贴到文件中:<br />
<merge key="volume.ignore" type="bool">false</merge><br />
<br />
而且,如果你安装了gparted,可能还需要删除这个文件:<br />
/usr/share/hal/fdi/policy/gparted-disable-automount.fdi<br />
<br />
在这个主题的末尾有人提到这一点 [http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=310284]<br />
<br />
== 另一个修复USB自动挂载的办法 ==<br />
''来自Antix:''<br />
在我的SONY VGN-N365E笔记本上运行着XFCE,所有这些办法都不能解决自动挂载USB闪盘的问题。我编辑了/etc/dbus-1/system.d/hal.conf,把下面的“0”改成了我的用户名:<br />
<br />
<!-- You can change this to a more suitable user, or make per-group --><br />
<policy user="0"><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.SystemPowerManagement"/><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.VideoAdapterPM"/><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.LaptopPanel"/><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.Volume"/><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.Volume.Crypto"/><br />
</policy><br />
<br />
现在所有的设备都能很好地挂载。<br />
<br />
==使用PMount==<br />
如果你像我一样,发现以上的方法都不管用,你可以试试PMount。PMount是标准mount程序的一个周边,它允许普通用户挂载在/etc/fstab中没有对应条目的可移除设备。<br />
# pacman -Sy pmount</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=HAL_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=52892HAL (简体中文)2008-11-08T02:00:35Z<p>Imagelife: /* 语言问题 */ 更新内容</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:简体中文]]<br />
[[Category:守护进程和系统服务]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (简体中文)]]<br />
<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|HAL}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Polish|HAL_(Polski)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Русский|HAL_(Русский)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|HAL_(简体中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
=HAL总览=<br />
硬件抽象层(Hardware Abstraction Layer,HAL)是一个守护进程,它允许桌面应用程序即时读取硬件信息,这样,无论接口或设备类型如何,应用程序都能找到并使用它们。用这种方法,图形界面以一种无缝、一致的模式为用户提供所有的资源。<br />
<br />
例如,HAL能收集可移动存储器的信息然后在桌面上创建一个图标让用户方便地读写。<br />
<br />
=初始设置=<br />
HAL要求守护进程dbus的存在,因此我们需要把它们两个都装上。打开终端,以root身份输入:<br />
# pacman -S dbus hal<br />
然后以root身份用你喜欢的编辑器编辑''/rc.conf''文件,把'''hal'''添加到DAEMONS列,例如:<br />
DAEMONS=(syslog-ng '''hal''' network netfs ...)<br />
现在hal守护进程就会在启动时加载了。hal会在初始化的时候检查并自动加载dbus,如果你的DAEMONS列表里有dbus,请移除它,因为那有可能引起麻烦。<br />
<br />
你也可以手动启动hal。以root身份输入以下命令:<br />
# /etc/rc.d/hal start<br />
<br />
为了让dbus和hal正常地发挥作用,本地用户必须是'''optical''','''storage''','''hal'''组的成员。要实现这一点,打开终端,以root身份输入以下命令:<br />
# gpasswd -a ''username'' optical<br />
# gpasswd -a ''username'' storage<br />
# gpasswd -a ''username'' hal<br />
<br />
把“username“换成你的用户名(比如johndoe)<br />
<br />
如果你在把自己加到这些组之前已经启动了hal,那么你要把hal和dbus两者都重新启动以使这些变动生效。你可以用root身份输入:<br />
# /etc/rc.d/dbus restart<br />
# /etc/rc.d/hal restart<br />
<br />
=策略=<br />
==权限策略==<br />
<br />
程序通过一个D-Bus接口同HAL进行交流。在这里定义很多[http://people.freedesktop.org/~david/hal-spec/hal-spec.html#interfaces 接口],每个相关含有不同方式:存储设备接口,例如,有'弹出设备'和'关闭光驱'。 为了能够'挂载'USB盘上的一个分区,你必须获取相关的D-bus接口(这个地方说的是'卷宗'''volume'')。 <br />
<br />
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/hal.conf这个配置文件包含了HAL-specific具体的特权。也就是哪些用户有权力访问哪些接口。/etc/dbus-1/system.conf这个文件内容定义了用在D-bus接口上的例外的策略。简单来说,你需要查看你给用户访问DBUS/HAL接口的权力有哪些,因为D-Bus默认是不会给你任何全权限的。<br />
<br />
默认的hal.conf包含了一些允许和拒绝访问的策略,amongst them this default (the later of two defaults and therefore seemingly the deciding one):<br />
<br />
<!-- Default policy for the exported interfaces --><br />
<policy context="default"><br />
<deny send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.SystemPowerManagement"/><br />
<deny send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.VideoAdapterPM"/><br />
<deny send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.LaptopPanel"/><br />
<deny send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.Volume"/><br />
<deny send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.Volume.Crypto"/><br />
</policy><br />
<br />
简单的说,默认设置是用户被拒绝访问如挂载或者卸载卷的接口。下面的策略就是来让'power'和'storage'组用户访问特定设备的:<br />
<br />
<policy group="power"><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.SystemPowerManagement"/><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.LaptopPanel"/><br />
</policy><br />
<br />
<policy group="storage"><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.Volume"/><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.Volume.Crypto"/><br />
</policy><br />
<br />
这就是为什么你需要添加你的用户到这些组的原因(见'初始设置'),这样也可以减少自己设置配置文件的数量。因此一个好的方法就是把你的用户名称加入到给予访问列出的HAL设备权限的用户策略之中(把zero替换成你的用户名称):<br />
<br />
<!-- You can change this to a more suitable user, or make per-group --><br />
<policy user="0"><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.SystemPowerManagement"/><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.VideoAdapterPM"/><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.LaptopPanel"/><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.Volume"/><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.Volume.Crypto"/><br />
</policy><br />
<br />
==设备具体策略==<br />
<br />
===NTFS===<br />
如果你想在挂载NTFS文件系统时获得写入支持,你必须安装[[NTFS Write Support|ntfs-3g]]然后添加如下内容到 /usr/share/hal/fdi/policy/10osvendor/20-ntfs-config-write-policy.fdi (不存在就新建)<br />
<br />
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- -*- SGML -*- --><br />
<deviceinfo version="0.2"><br />
<device><br />
<match key="volume.fstype" string="ntfs"><br />
<match key="@block.storage_device:storage.hotpluggable" bool="true"><br />
<merge key="volume.fstype" type="string">ntfs-3g</merge><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_filesystem" type="string">ntfs-3g</merge><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">locale=</append><br />
</match><br />
</match><br />
</device><br />
</deviceinfo><br />
<br />
注意:GNOME自2.20版起使用ntfs-3g挂载ntfs分区,因此你不再需要添加这些了。<br />
<br />
=== mount.ntfs链接 ===<br />
对hal>=0.5.10,上面的策略可能不起作用。这里有一个临时的办法可以强制hal使用ntfs-3g而不是标准的ntfs驱动。请注意,这个办法将会使你的系统中所有ntfs驱动器都使用ntfs-3g的驱动!作为root创建一个从mount.ntfs到ntfs-3g的软链接:<br />
<br />
# ln -s /sbin/mount.ntfs-3g /sbin/mount.ntfs<br />
<br />
这一做法可能引起的问题:<br />
* 带有“-i“参数的mount命令会失效<br />
* 可能与内核中的ntfs模块发生冲突<br />
<br />
=== 语言问题 ===<br />
如果你使用KDE,含有非拉丁字符的文件名可能会是一个麻烦。之所以发生这样的问题,是因为KDE的挂载程序没有正确地解析这些策略和语言项。这里有一个临时的办法来解决:<br />
<br />
1) 移除软链接“/sbin/mount.ntfs-3g"。代码:rm /sbin/mount.ntfs-3g<br />
<br />
2) 把它替换成包含如下内容的bash脚本:<br />
<br />
#!/bin/bash<br />
/bin/ntfs-3g $1 $2 -o locale=en_US.UTF-8 #put your own locale here<br />
<br />
3) 使它可执行: chmod +x /sbin/mount.ntfs-3g<br />
4) 添加 "<code>NoUpgrade = sbin/mount.ntfs-3g</code>" 到 /etc/pacman.conf.<br />
<br />
<br />
下面是一个可选择的方法来处理非拉丁字符的问题:<br />
<br />
1)以root身份打开shell<br />
<br />
2)输入:"<code>mv /sbin/mount.ntfs-3g /sbin/mount.ntfs-3g.sav</code>"<br />
<br />
3)新建一个文件<code>/sbin/mount.ntfs-3g</code> 包含如下内容:<br />
<br />
#!/bin/bash<br />
/sbin/mount.ntfs-3g.sav $1 $2 -o locale=zh_CN.UTF-8<br />
<br />
根据你的需求来改变系统locale。<br />
<br />
4)使刚才创建的文件可执行<br />
<br />
"<code><br />
chmod +x /sbin/mount.ntfs-3g<br />
</code>"<br />
<br />
5)添加 "<code>NoUpgrade = sbin/mount.ntfs-3g</code>" 到<code>/etc/pacman.conf</code>。<br />
<br />
6)改变<code>/usr/share/hal/fdi/policy/10osvendor/20-storage-methods.fdi</code> 中的ntfs部分根据下面的内容<br />
<br />
<code><br />
<!-- allow these mount options for ntfs --><br />
<match key="volume.fstype" string="ntfs"><br />
<match key="/org/freedesktop/Hal/devices/computer:system.kernel.name" string="Linux"><br />
<merge key="volume.fstype" type="string">ntfs-3g</merge><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_filesystem" type="string">ntfs-3g</merge><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">uid=</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">gid=</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">umask=</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">dmask=</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">fmask=</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">locale=</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">utf8</append><br />
</match><br />
<match key="/org/freedesktop/Hal/devices/computer:system.kernel.name" string="FreeBSD"><br />
<merge key="volume.fstype" type="string">ntfs-3g</merge><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_filesystem" type="string">ntfs-3g</merge><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">-u=</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">-g=</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">-m=</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">-a</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">-i</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">-C=</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">-W=</append><br />
</match><br />
</code><br />
<br />
==为ntfs-3g打开dmask和fmask==<br />
dmask和fmask是很有用的设定,它们为目录和文件设置不同的访问权限,比如:dmask=000,fmask=111将令目录对所有人可读,同时保持文件不可执行。<br />
<br />
<!-- mount ntfs volume with the ntfs-3g driver to enable write support --><br />
<device><br />
<match key="volume.fstype" string="ntfs"><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">dmask=</append><br />
<append key="volume.mount.valid_options" type="strlist">fmask=</append><br />
</match><br />
</device><br />
<br />
==设置iPod的挂载点==<br />
如果你不告诉hal把ipod挂载到哪里,它就会根据你给ipod起的名字将其挂载到一个同名文件夹下。要改变这一点,必须给hal制定一个策略。<br />
<br />
<device><br />
<match key="@block.storage_device:storage.model" string="iPod"><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.desired_mount_point" type="string">ipod</merge><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_option.iocharset=iso8859-15" type="bool">true</merge><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_option.sync" type="bool">true</merge><br />
</match><br />
</device><br />
<br />
==只自动挂载可移除设备==<br />
默认地,hal自动挂载所有没有被挂载到/etc/fstab的可用分区并为它们创建桌面图标。要跳过这种行为方式,只自动挂载可移除设备,只需添加规则:<br />
<br />
<device><br />
<match key="storage.hotpluggable" bool="false"><br />
<match key="storage.removable" bool="false"><br />
<merge key="storage.automount_enabled_hint" type="bool">false</merge><br />
</match><br />
</match><br />
</device><br />
<br />
如果你使用KDE,设备被自动挂载了(比如它出现在Konquerer中)却没有出现在桌面上,打开控制中心-> Desktop -> Behavior -> Device Symbols(第三个标签)确认它的复选框是勾上的。<br />
<br />
== 在小于8G的设备上打开sync和noatime,在容量更大的设备上关闭它们==<br />
这么做可以防止小容量设备上(比如USB闪存)的数据损坏, 同时又提高了大容量设备的性能(假设1GB = 1000000000 byte).<br />
<br />
<device> <br />
<match key="block.is_volume" bool="true"><br />
<match key="volume.size" compare_lt="8000000000"><br />
<match key="@block.storage_device:storage.hotpluggable" bool="true"><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_option.sync" type="bool">true</merge><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_option.noatime" type="bool">true</merge><br />
</match><br />
<match key="@block.storage_device:storage.removable" bool="true"><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_option.sync" type="bool">true</merge><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_option.noatime" type="bool">true</merge><br />
</match><br />
</match><br />
<match key="volume.size" compare_ge="8000000000"><br />
<match key="@block.storage_device:storage.hotpluggable" bool="true"><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_option.sync" type="bool">false</merge><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_option.noatime" type="bool">false</merge><br />
</match><br />
<match key="@block.storage_device:storage.removable" bool="true"><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_option.sync" type="bool">false</merge><br />
<merge key="volume.policy.mount_option.noatime" type="bool">false</merge><br />
</match><br />
</match><br />
</match><br />
</device><br />
<br />
== ... 最后 ==<br />
<br />
重启hal<br />
# /etc/rc.d/hal restart<br />
<br />
=疑难解答=<br />
==Security error==<br />
如果系统识别出插入的CD/DVD并在桌面上创建了图标,但你却不能打开浏览这一设备,那么你可能需要让你的用户加入“storage”组。<br />
<br />
适用于这样的情形:双击图标时弹出错误窗口,提示“A security policy prevents this sender from sending this message to this recipient...“<br />
<br />
以root身份按照如下方法添加你的用户到“storage”组<br />
gpasswd -a USERNAME storage<br />
<br />
你可以这样来查看自己属于哪些组<br />
groups USERNAME<br />
作为补充,你还可以查看“/etc/group”文件,确认你的用户名被列在你希望从属于的组的名称之后,以此来验证自己属于某一特定的组。强烈推荐你这样做,因为有的时候虽然“groups USERNAME”显示你属于某一组,但这一情况却没有被反映在“/etc/group”文件中,这样你就不能获得该组的权限。<br />
<br />
==插入的CD/DVD不能被hal识别==<br />
如果插入的CD/DVD没有被hal识别(桌面上没有图标),检查/etc/fstab,移除可选驱动器的相关行。<br />
<br />
==USB闪盘/驱动器没有被正确地自动挂载==<br />
这段内容来自[http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=248224| 这个论坛].<br />
<br />
如果你在自动挂载USB闪盘/驱动器时遭遇了麻烦,自动挂载CD、DVD却毫无问题,而且如果你可以手动挂载那些遇到麻烦的USB设备,那么你应该在/etc/hal/fdi/policy中创建一个“preferences.fdi”文件,然后把下面这一行粘贴到文件中:<br />
<merge key="volume.ignore" type="bool">false</merge><br />
<br />
而且,如果你安装了gparted,可能还需要删除这个文件:<br />
/usr/share/hal/fdi/policy/gparted-disable-automount.fdi<br />
<br />
在这个主题的末尾有人提到这一点 [http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=310284]<br />
<br />
== 另一个修复USB自动挂载的办法 ==<br />
''来自Antix:''<br />
在我的SONY VGN-N365E笔记本上运行着XFCE,所有这些办法都不能解决自动挂载USB闪盘的问题。我编辑了/etc/dbus-1/system.d/hal.conf,把下面的“0”改成了我的用户名:<br />
<br />
<!-- You can change this to a more suitable user, or make per-group --><br />
<policy user="0"><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.SystemPowerManagement"/><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.VideoAdapterPM"/><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.LaptopPanel"/><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.Volume"/><br />
<allow send_interface="org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.Volume.Crypto"/><br />
</policy><br />
<br />
现在所有的设备都能很好地挂载。<br />
<br />
==使用PMount==<br />
如果你像我一样,发现以上的方法都不管用,你可以试试PMount。PMount是标准mount程序的一个周边,它允许普通用户挂载在/etc/fstab中没有对应条目的可移除设备。<br />
# pacman -Sy pmount</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Mirrors_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=50126Mirrors (简体中文)2008-09-27T06:45:18Z<p>Imagelife: /* 中国镜像 */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:软件包管理]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (简体中文)]]<br />
<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|:Mirrors}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|:镜像}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
<br />
== 启用您喜爱的镜像 ==<br />
<br />
pacman默认的core仓库配置如下:<br />
<br />
[core]<br />
Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist<br />
<br />
如果你想使用一个欧洲镜像作为默认镜像,只需将它添加到<tt>Include</tt>行前:<br />
<br />
[core]<br />
Server = <nowiki>ftp://ftp.hosteurope.de/mirror/ftp.archlinux.org/core/os/i686</nowiki><br />
Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist<br />
<br><br />
'''edit:''' The release of pacman 3.1 introduced the /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist with the variable $repo, no need to maintain separate list for each repository.<br />
<br />
Pacman will now try to connect to this mirror first. You can do the same for ''testing'', ''extra'', ''community'' and ''unstable''.<br />
<br />
'''Use the same mirror for all repositories. Otherwise packages may get installed that are incompatible to each other (like kernel26 from ''core'' and another (older) kernel module from ''extra'').'''<br />
<br />
== 官方镜像 ==<br />
<br />
This is a list of all known ArchLinux mirrors, that's more up to date than the [http://www.archlinux.org/download/ official download page] or the [http://cvs.archlinux.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/base/pacman/ files in <tt>/etc/pacman.d/</tt>]. If you know of a mirror that is not listed, please add it. Mirrors which are no longer updated or have been unavailable for a long time can be deleted.<br />
<br />
Here is a hint to check just how up-to-date your chosen mirror is:<br />
# pick a server and browse to "extra/os/"<br />
# load [http://www.archlinux.org/ ArchLinux.org] in another tab or window<br />
# compare the last-modified date of the "i686" directory on the mirror to the "Extra" date on the homepage, in the "Package Repositories" box to the right.<br />
<br><br />
Many sites also provide http service, but keep in mind that pacman relies on ftp to determine if a repository got updated. With http it fetches the repository database each time you run <tt>pacman -Sy</tt>, even if it didn't change since the last run.<br />
<br />
[http://users.archlinux.de/~gerbra/mirrorcheck.html This website] provides updates on the current status of the Arch mirrors and how up to date they are.<br />
<br />
'''Attention: Do not add new mirrors to the list below. If you want your mirror to be added to official list - file a feature request. In the meantime add it to the "Unofficial mirrors" list at the end of this page.'''<br />
<br />
=== 澳大利亚 ===<br />
*ftp://mirror.pacific.net.au/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.pacific.net.au/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mirror.pacific.net.au/linux/archlinux/]</sub><br />
*ftp://mirror.aarnet.edu.au/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.aarnet.edu.au/pub/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mirror.aarnet.au/pub/archlinux/]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 奥地利 ===<br />
*ftp://gd.tuwien.ac.at/opsys/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://gd.tuwien.ac.at/opsys/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 比利时 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/archlinux.org/ <sub>[http://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/archlinux.org/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 巴西 ===<br />
*ftp://archlinux.c3sl.ufpr.br/archlinux/ <sub>[http://archlinux.c3sl.ufpr.br/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.las.ic.unicamp.br/pub/archlinux <sub>[http://www.las.ic.unicamp.br/pub/archlinux http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://rsync.las.ic.unicamp.br/archlinux rsync]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 加拿大 ===<br />
*ftp://mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 捷克 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.sh.cvut.cz/MIRRORS/arch/ <sub>[http://ftp.sh.cvut.cz/MIRRORS/arch/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 爱沙尼亚 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.estpak.ee/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.estpak.ee/pub/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 法国 ===<br />
*ftp://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
*ftp://mir1.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux <sub>[http://mir1.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mir1.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux rsync]</sub><br />
*ftp://mir2.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux <sub>[http://mir2.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mir2.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux rsync]</sub><br />
*http://mir.archlinux.fr/<br />
*ftp://ftp.free.fr/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/<br />
*ftp://ftp.rez-gif.supelec.fr/Linux/archlinux/<br />
=== 德国 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp5.gwdg.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp5.gwdg.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://ftp5.gwdg.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.hosteurope.de/mirror/ftp.archlinux.org/ <sub>[http://ftp.hosteurope.de/mirror/ftp.archlinux.org/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.tu-chemnitz.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.tu-chemnitz.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.archlinuxppc.org/i686/<br />
*ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync: ftp.uni-kl.de::pub/linux/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.uni-bayreuth.de/pub/linux/archlinux <sub>[http://ftp.uni-bayreuth.de/linux/archlinux http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://rsync.uni-bayreuth.de/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 英国 ===<br />
*http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/ftp.archlinux.org/<br />
*ftp://mirrors.uk2.net/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://archlinux.mirrors.uk2.net/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 希腊 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.ntua.gr/pub/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.ntua.gr/pub/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 匈牙利 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.mfa.kfki.hu/pub/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/<br />
<br />
=== 爱尔兰 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/ <sub>[http://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 以色列 ===<br />
*http://mirror.isoc.org.il/pub/archlinux/<br />
<br />
=== 意大利 ===<br />
*ftp://mi.mirror.garr.it/mirrors/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mi.mirror.garr.it/mirrors/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 荷兰 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/metalab/distributions/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/metalab/distributions/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.surfnet.nl/pub/os/Linux/distr/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.surfnet.nl/pub/os/Linux/distr/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 挪威 ===<br />
*http://arch.likbilen.com/ (rsync 可用)<br />
<br />
=== 波兰 ===<br />
*ftp://mirror.icis.pcz.pl/archlinux/<br />
*ftp://ftp.piotrkosoft.net/pub/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/ [http://piotrkosoft.net/pub/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/ http]<br />
*http://unix.net.pl/archlinux.org/<br />
<br />
=== 葡萄牙 ===<br />
*ftp://cesium.di.uminho.pt/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://cesium.di.uminho.pt/pub/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 罗马尼亚 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.iasi.roedu.net/mirrors/archlinux.org/ <sub>[http://ftp.iasi.roedu.net/mirrors/archlinux.org/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 俄罗斯 ===<br />
*ftp://mirror.yandex.ru/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.yandex.ru/archlinux/ http]</sub> (rsync 可用)<br />
*http://archlinux.freeside.ru/<br />
<br />
=== 瑞典 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.ds.hj.se/pub/os/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.ds.hj.se/pub/os/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.gigabit.nu/ <sub>[http://ftp.gigabit.nu/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 瑞士 ===<br />
*ftp://archlinux.puzzle.ch/ <sub>[http://archlinux.puzzle.ch/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 土耳其 ===<br />
*http://server.elsistech.com/archlinux/<br />
<br />
=== 乌克兰 ===<br />
*ftp://hell.org.ua/archlinux/ (rsync 可用)<br />
*ftp://ftp.linux.kiev.ua/pub/Linux/ArchLinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.linux.kiev.ua/pub/Linux/ArchLinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 美国 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.archlinux.org/<br />
*ftp://locke.suu.edu/linux/dist/archlinux/<br />
*http://archlinux.unixheads.org/<br />
*ftp://mirrors.easynews.com/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirrors.easynews.com/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.gtlib.gatech.edu/pub/linux/distributions/archlinux/ [http://www.gtlib.gatech.edu/pub/linux/distributions/archlinux/ http]<br />
*ftp://mirror.cs.vt.edu/pub/ArchLinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.cs.vt.edu/pub/ArchLinux/ http]</sub> (rsync 可用)<br />
*ftp://ibiblio.org/pub/linux/distributions/archlinux/ <sub>[http://distro.ibiblio.org/pub/linux/distributions/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
*http://holmes.umflint.edu/archlinux/<br />
*http://mirror.neotuli.net/<br />
*ftp://mirror.rit.edu/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.rit.edu/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mirror.rit.edu/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
* http://schlunix.org/archlinux/<br />
* http://mirror.umoss.org/archlinux/ <sub>[rsync://mirror.umoss.org/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
<br />
=== 越南 ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.indochinalinux.com/archlinux/ (DNS 经常出问题,IP 是 202.78.230.5)<br />
<br />
== 中国镜像 ==<br />
# 电信<br />
#* http://mirrors.lcuc.org.cn/archlinux/<br />
#* http://mirror.lupaworld.com/archlinux/<br />
#* http://public.gooth.cn/archlinux/ (仅包含i686架构)<br />
# 网通<br />
#* ftp://xde.gooth.cn/<br />
# 台湾<br />
#*ftp://cle.linux.org.tw/pub/ArchLinux/ (没有''testing''和''unstable'',以及iso)<br />
<br />
== 非官方镜像 ==<br />
'''These mirrors are not listed in <code>/etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist</code>.'''<br />
<br />
# 全球<br />
*http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/archlinux/ ( Doesn't have recent ISO releases. Use it only if for some reason you want to use an older ISO. )<br />
<br />
# 澳大利亚<br />
*ftp://mirror.internode.on.net/pub/archlinux/<br />
<sub>[http://mirror.internode.on.net/pub/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
# 马来西亚<br />
*http://oss.mmu.edu.my/distro/arch (ISOs only)<br />
*http://mirror.oscc.org.my/archlinux/<br />
<br />
# 挪威<br />
*ftp://jane.tihlde.org/pub/archlinux/<br />
<sub>[http://jane.tihlde.org/pub/archlinux/ http] </sub><br />
*http://power.klette.us/mirror/<br />
# 波兰<br />
*ftp://ftp.icm.edu.pl/pub/Linux/sunsite/distributions/archlinux/<br />
[http://ftp.icm.edu.pl/pub/Linux/sunsite/distributions/archlinux/ http] - up-to-date, but no Core repository<br />
<br />
# 美国<br />
*ftp://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/archlinux/<br />
<sub>[http://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/archlinux/ http]</sub> (i686 only - ''current'' and ''extra'') - outdated<br />
*http://mirror.umoss.org/archlinux/ <br />
<br />
== IPv6 镜像 ==<br />
*http://power.klette.us/mirror/ (挪威)<br />
*niue.belnet.be (比利时)<br />
*ftp.estpak.ee (爱沙尼亚)<br />
*patroklos.noc.ntua.gr (希腊)<br />
*ftp.heanet.ie (爱尔兰)<br />
*ftp.nluug.nl (荷兰)<br />
*ftp.surfnet.nl (荷兰)<br />
*ftp.sixnix.net/ftp6.sixnix.net (芬兰) - dead<br />
<br />
== Rsync 镜像 ==<br />
* 中国<br />
# rsync://archlinux.gooth.cn/archlinux<br />
<br />
* 美国<br />
# rsync://mirror.umoss.org/archlinux/ (全镜像,对学术机构不限流量)<br />
# rsync://mirror.rit.edu/archlinux/<br />
# rsync://mirror.umoss.org/archlinux/<br />
<br />
澳大利亚 <br />
# rsync://mirror.pacific.net.au/linux/archlinux/<br />
# rsync://mirror.aarnet.au/pub/archlinux/<br />
# rsync://mirror.internode.on.net/pub/archlinux/<br />
* 巴西<br />
# rsync://rsync.las.ic.unicamp.br/archlinux/<br />
* 加拿大<br />
# rsync://mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/archlinux/<br />
* 法国<br />
# rsync://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/archlinux/<br />
# rsync://mir1.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux<br />
# rsync://mir2.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux<br />
* 德国<br />
# rsync://ftp5.gwdg.de/pub/linux/archlinux/<br />
# rsync: ftp.uni-kl.de::pub/linux/archlinux/<br />
# rsync://rsync.uni-bayreuth.de/archlinux/<br />
* 俄罗斯<br />
rsync://mirror.yandex.ru/archlinux/<br />
* 乌克兰<br />
# rsync://hell.org.ua/archlinux/<br />
* 挪威<br />
# rsync://jane.tihlde.org/pub/archlinux/</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Mirrors&diff=50125Mirrors2008-09-27T06:44:30Z<p>Imagelife: /* China */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Package management (English)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (English)]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|:Mirrors}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|:Mirrors (简体中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Enabling your favorite mirror ==<br />
<br />
The default pacman configuration for ''core'' looks like this:<br />
<br />
[core]<br />
Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist<br />
<br />
If you want to use the HostEurope mirror as your default mirror, just add it before the <tt>Include</tt> line:<br />
<br />
[core]<br />
Server = <nowiki>ftp://ftp.hosteurope.de/mirror/ftp.archlinux.org/core/os/i686</nowiki><br />
Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist<br />
<br><br />
'''edit:''' The release of pacman 3.1 introduced the /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist with the variable $repo, no need to maintain separate list for each repository.<br />
<br />
Pacman will now try to connect to this mirror first. You can do the same for ''testing'', ''extra'', ''community'' and ''unstable''.<br />
<br />
'''Use the same mirror for all repositories. Otherwise packages may get installed that are incompatible to each other (like kernel26 from ''core'' and another (older) kernel module from ''extra'').'''<br />
<br />
== Mirror List ==<br />
<br />
This is a list of all known Arch Linux mirrors, that's more up to date than the [http://www.archlinux.org/download/ official download page] or the [http://cvs.archlinux.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/base/pacman/ files in <tt>/etc/pacman.d/</tt>]. If you know of a mirror that is not listed, please add it. Mirrors which are no longer updated or have been unavailable for a long time can be deleted.<br />
<br />
Here is a hint to check just how up-to-date your chosen mirror is:<br />
# pick a server and browse to "extra/os/"<br />
# load http://www.archlinux.org/ in another tab or window<br />
# compare the last-modified date of the "i686" directory on the mirror to the "Extra" date on the homepage, in the "Package Repositories" box to the right.<br />
<br><br />
Many sites also provide http service, but keep in mind that pacman relies on ftp to determine if a repository got updated. With http it fetches the repository database each time you run <tt>pacman -Sy</tt>, even if it didn't change since the last run.<br />
<br />
[http://users.archlinux.de/~gerbra/mirrorcheck.html This website] provides updates on the current status of the Arch mirrors and how up to date they are.<br />
<br />
'''Attention: Do not add new mirrors to the list below. If you want your mirror to be added to official list - file a feature request. In the meantime add it to the "Unofficial mirrors" list at the end of this page.'''<br />
<br />
=== Australia ===<br />
*ftp://mirror.pacific.net.au/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.pacific.net.au/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mirror.pacific.net.au/linux/archlinux/]</sub><br />
*ftp://mirror.aarnet.edu.au/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.aarnet.edu.au/pub/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mirror.aarnet.au/pub/archlinux/]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Austria ===<br />
*ftp://gd.tuwien.ac.at/opsys/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://gd.tuwien.ac.at/opsys/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Belgium ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/archlinux.org/ <sub>[http://ftp.belnet.be/mirror/archlinux.org/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Brazil ===<br />
*ftp://archlinux.c3sl.ufpr.br/archlinux/ <sub>[http://archlinux.c3sl.ufpr.br/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.las.ic.unicamp.br/pub/archlinux <sub>[http://www.las.ic.unicamp.br/pub/archlinux http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://rsync.las.ic.unicamp.br/archlinux rsync]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Canada ===<br />
*ftp://mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Czech Republic ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.sh.cvut.cz/MIRRORS/arch/ <sub>[http://ftp.sh.cvut.cz/MIRRORS/arch/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Estonia ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.estpak.ee/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.estpak.ee/pub/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== France ===<br />
*ftp://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://distrib-coffee.ipsl.jussieu.fr/pub/linux/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
*ftp://mir1.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux <sub>[http://mir1.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mir1.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux rsync]</sub><br />
*ftp://mir2.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux <sub>[http://mir2.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mir2.archlinuxfr.org/archlinux rsync]</sub><br />
*http://mir.archlinux.fr/<br />
*ftp://ftp.free.fr/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/<br />
*ftp://ftp.rez-gif.supelec.fr/Linux/archlinux/<br />
=== Germany ===<br />
*ftp://ftp5.gwdg.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp5.gwdg.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://ftp5.gwdg.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.hosteurope.de/mirror/ftp.archlinux.org/ <sub>[http://ftp.hosteurope.de/mirror/ftp.archlinux.org/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.tu-chemnitz.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.tu-chemnitz.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.archlinuxppc.org/i686/<br />
*ftp://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.uni-kl.de/pub/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync: ftp.uni-kl.de::pub/linux/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.uni-bayreuth.de/pub/linux/archlinux <sub>[http://ftp.uni-bayreuth.de/linux/archlinux http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://rsync.uni-bayreuth.de/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Great Britain ===<br />
*http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/ftp.archlinux.org/<br />
*ftp://mirrors.uk2.net/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://archlinux.mirrors.uk2.net/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Greece ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.ntua.gr/pub/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.ntua.gr/pub/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Hungary ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.mfa.kfki.hu/pub/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/<br />
<br />
=== Ireland ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/ <sub>[http://ftp.heanet.ie/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Israel ===<br />
*http://mirror.isoc.org.il/pub/archlinux/<br />
<br />
=== Italy ===<br />
*ftp://mi.mirror.garr.it/mirrors/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mi.mirror.garr.it/mirrors/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Netherlands ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/metalab/distributions/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/metalab/distributions/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.surfnet.nl/pub/os/Linux/distr/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.surfnet.nl/pub/os/Linux/distr/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Norway ===<br />
*http://arch.likbilen.com/ (rsync available)<br />
<br />
=== Poland ===<br />
*ftp://mirror.icis.pcz.pl/archlinux/<br />
*ftp://ftp.piotrkosoft.net/pub/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/ [http://piotrkosoft.net/pub/mirrors/ftp.archlinux.org/ http]<br />
*http://unix.net.pl/archlinux.org/<br />
<br />
=== Portugal ===<br />
*ftp://cesium.di.uminho.pt/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://cesium.di.uminho.pt/pub/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Romania ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.iasi.roedu.net/mirrors/archlinux.org/ <sub>[http://ftp.iasi.roedu.net/mirrors/archlinux.org/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Russia ===<br />
*ftp://mirror.yandex.ru/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.yandex.ru/archlinux/ http]</sub> (rsync available)<br />
*http://archlinux.freeside.ru/<br />
<br />
=== Sweden ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.ds.hj.se/pub/os/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.ds.hj.se/pub/os/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.gigabit.nu/ <sub>[http://ftp.gigabit.nu/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Switzerland ===<br />
*ftp://archlinux.puzzle.ch/ <sub>[http://archlinux.puzzle.ch/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Turkey ===<br />
*http://server.elsistech.com/archlinux/<br />
<br />
=== Ukraine ===<br />
*ftp://hell.org.ua/archlinux/ (rsync available)<br />
*ftp://ftp.linux.kiev.ua/pub/Linux/ArchLinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.linux.kiev.ua/pub/Linux/ArchLinux/ http]</sub><br />
<br />
=== United States ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.archlinux.org/<br />
*ftp://locke.suu.edu/linux/dist/archlinux/<br />
*http://archlinux.unixheads.org/<br />
*ftp://mirrors.easynews.com/linux/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirrors.easynews.com/linux/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
*ftp://ftp.gtlib.gatech.edu/pub/linux/distributions/archlinux/ [http://www.gtlib.gatech.edu/pub/linux/distributions/archlinux/ http]<br />
*ftp://mirror.cs.vt.edu/pub/ArchLinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.cs.vt.edu/pub/ArchLinux/ http]</sub> (rsync available)<br />
*ftp://ibiblio.org/pub/linux/distributions/archlinux/ <sub>[http://distro.ibiblio.org/pub/linux/distributions/archlinux/ http]</sub><br />
*http://holmes.umflint.edu/archlinux/<br />
*http://mirror.neotuli.net/<br />
*ftp://mirror.rit.edu/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.rit.edu/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mirror.rit.edu/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
* http://schlunix.org/archlinux/<br />
* http://mirror.umoss.org/archlinux/ <sub>[rsync://mirror.umoss.org/archlinux/ rsync]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Vietnam ===<br />
*ftp://ftp.indochinalinux.com/archlinux/ (frequent DNS problems, IP is 202.78.230.5)<br />
<br />
== Unofficial mirrors ==<br />
'''These mirrors are not listed in <code>/etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist</code>.'''<br />
<br />
=== Global ===<br />
* http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/archlinux/ ( Doesn't have recent ISO releases. Use it only if for some reason you want to use an older ISO. )<br />
* http://mirrors.igprolin-online.org/pub/archlinux/<br />
<br />
=== Australia ===<br />
* ftp://ftp.iinet.net.au/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.iinet.net.au/pub/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://ftp.iinet.net.au/archlinux/]</sub><br />
* ftp://mirror.internode.on.net/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://mirror.internode.on.net/pub/archlinux/ http]</sub> <sub>[rsync://mirror.internode.on.net/pub/archlinux/]</sub><br />
<br />
=== Canada ===<br />
* http://mirrors.portafixe.com/archlinux/<br />
* ftp://mirrors.portafixe.com/archlinux/<br />
<br />
=== China ===<br />
* http://mirrors.lcuc.org.cn/archlinux/<br />
* http://mirror.lupaworld.com/archlinux/<br />
* http://public.gooth.cn/archlinux/ (only include i686)<br />
<br />
=== Germany ===<br />
* http://arch.uplinkzero.com/<br />
<br />
=== Malaysia ===<br />
* http://oss.mmu.edu.my/distro/arch (ISOs only)<br />
* http://mirror.oscc.org.my/archlinux/<br />
<br />
=== Norway ===<br />
* ftp://jane.tihlde.org/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://jane.tihlde.org/pub/archlinux/ http] </sub> <sub> [rsync://jane.tihlde.org/pub/archlinux/ rsync] </sub><br />
* http://power.klette.us/mirror/<br />
<br />
=== Poland ===<br />
* ftp://ftp.icm.edu.pl/pub/Linux/sunsite/distributions/archlinux/ [http://ftp.icm.edu.pl/pub/Linux/sunsite/distributions/archlinux/ http] - up-to-date, but no Core repository<br />
<br />
=== Taiwan ===<br />
* ftp://cle.linux.org.tw/pub/ArchLinux/ (no ''testing'', no new isos)<br />
<br />
=== United States ===<br />
* ftp://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/archlinux/ <sub>[http://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/archlinux/ http]</sub> (i686 only - ''current'' and ''extra'') - outdated<br />
* http://mirror.umoss.org/archlinux/ [rsync://mirror.umoss.org/archlinux/] (full mirror, unrestricted bandwidth to academic networks)<br />
<br />
== IPv6-ready mirrors ==<br />
*http://power.klette.us/mirror/ (Norway)<br />
*http://arch.likbilen.com/ (Norway, rsync available)<br />
*niue.belnet.be (Belgium)<br />
*ftp.estpak.ee (Estonia)<br />
*patroklos.noc.ntua.gr (Greece)<br />
*ftp.heanet.ie (Ireland)<br />
*ftp.nluug.nl (Netherlands)<br />
*ftp.surfnet.nl (Netherlands)<br />
*ftp.sixnix.net/ftp6.sixnix.net (Finland) - dead</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=How_to_make_wget_to_work_with_proxy_and_proxy_authentification&diff=48921How to make wget to work with proxy and proxy authentification2008-09-06T02:27:15Z<p>Imagelife: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Networking (English)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (English)]]<br />
<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|How to make wget to work with proxy and proxy authentification}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Español|Lograr que wget trabaje con autentificación de proxy (Español)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|使wget在代理和代理认证下工作(简体中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
It is sometimes necessary to run wget inside a network where a proxy requests authentication, or when pacman must use a proxy that requires authentication. The former can be achieved simply by defining two variables, such as in ~/.bashrc (note that this example uses a proxy at 192.168.10.11, listening on port 8080):<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
export http_proxy="http://192.168.10.11:8080"<br />
export ftp_proxy="http://192.168.10.11:8080"<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Then, simply run wget with two extra arguments:<br />
<i><br />
--proxy-user="string"<br />
--proxy-passwd="string"<br />
</i><br />
<br />
For example (Domain name: Wonderwall, username JohnDoe, password Go4It"):<br />
<br />
<pre>wget --proxy-user "Wonderwall\JohnDoe" --proxy-passwd "Go4It" URL</pre><br />
<br />
It is possible to set an alias, which can again be done in ~/.bashrc, such as:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
alias wget 'wget --proxy-user "Wonderwall\JohnDoe" --proxy-passwd="Go4It"'<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Although this is a security risk, as the password is readable by anyone that can read your .bashrc file, or view your set aliases. Conversely, on any system where someone can read the entire /proc tree, it is possible to view any argument passed on the command line, such as the username and password.<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you may set the username/password in the http_proxy/ftp_proxy variables:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
export http_proxy="http://wonderwall\\johndoe:Go4It@192.168.10.11:8080"<br />
export ftp_proxy="http://wonderwall\\johndoe:Go4It@192.168.10.11:8080"<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
To have pacman automatically use wget and the proxy, define the environment variables (such as in ~/.bashrc) and place the wget command into /etc/pacman.conf, in the [options] section:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
XferCommand = /usr/bin/wget --proxy-user "domain\user" --proxy-passwd="password" --passive-ftp -c -O %o %u<br />
</pre></div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=How_to_make_wget_to_work_with_proxy_and_proxy_authentification&diff=48920How to make wget to work with proxy and proxy authentification2008-09-06T02:24:47Z<p>Imagelife: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Networking (English)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (English)]]<br />
<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|How to make wget to work with proxy and proxy authentification}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Español|Lograr que wget trabaje con autentificación de proxy (Español)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|使wget在代理和代理认证下工作}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
It is sometimes necessary to run wget inside a network where a proxy requests authentication, or when pacman must use a proxy that requires authentication. The former can be achieved simply by defining two variables, such as in ~/.bashrc (note that this example uses a proxy at 192.168.10.11, listening on port 8080):<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
export http_proxy="http://192.168.10.11:8080"<br />
export ftp_proxy="http://192.168.10.11:8080"<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Then, simply run wget with two extra arguments:<br />
<i><br />
--proxy-user="string"<br />
--proxy-passwd="string"<br />
</i><br />
<br />
For example (Domain name: Wonderwall, username JohnDoe, password Go4It"):<br />
<br />
<pre>wget --proxy-user "Wonderwall\JohnDoe" --proxy-passwd "Go4It" URL</pre><br />
<br />
It is possible to set an alias, which can again be done in ~/.bashrc, such as:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
alias wget 'wget --proxy-user "Wonderwall\JohnDoe" --proxy-passwd="Go4It"'<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Although this is a security risk, as the password is readable by anyone that can read your .bashrc file, or view your set aliases. Conversely, on any system where someone can read the entire /proc tree, it is possible to view any argument passed on the command line, such as the username and password.<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you may set the username/password in the http_proxy/ftp_proxy variables:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
export http_proxy="http://wonderwall\\johndoe:Go4It@192.168.10.11:8080"<br />
export ftp_proxy="http://wonderwall\\johndoe:Go4It@192.168.10.11:8080"<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
To have pacman automatically use wget and the proxy, define the environment variables (such as in ~/.bashrc) and place the wget command into /etc/pacman.conf, in the [options] section:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
XferCommand = /usr/bin/wget --proxy-user "domain\user" --proxy-passwd="password" --passive-ftp -c -O %o %u<br />
</pre></div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Local_Mirror_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48919Local Mirror (简体中文)2008-09-06T01:57:10Z<p>Imagelife: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Package management (English)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (English)]]<br />
<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|Local Mirror}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|本地镜像}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Translateme}}<br />
<br />
'''注意:''' 95%的用户不需要这么做。同步core和extra上的所有软件包会带来许多你所不需要的东西。Only follow these instructions if you are running a very large site of Arch machines or want to create an official mirror. Perhaps using a [[Network Shared Pacman Cache]] would serve you better.<br />
<br />
'''NOTE:''' Due to traffic issues rsyncing from rsync.archlinux.org is allowed only for official mirrors. If you want to create an official mirror - write to the mailing list about this and entries in /etc/pacman.d/* will be added and your IP address will be allowed.<br />
<br />
If you want to get a full mirror for personal use only, you may rsync from '''rsync://distro.ibiblio.org/distros/archlinux/'''<br />
<br />
This document describes how to create a mirror on your local machine of all the packages and iso files on the Arch mirrors, how to update it using cron, how to serve the mirror with vsftpd, and how to set up pacman to use the local mirror.<br />
<br />
== 安装准备 ==<br />
<br />
首先,更新或是安装安装必要的工具:<br />
pacman -Sy rsync vsftpd<br />
<br />
现在,我们要创建一个用于同步镜像的新用户('''没有登录特权'''),使用FTP获取文件。用户名“mirror”只是一个例子,你可以使用其他任何名称。请'''不要'''使用root或是其他能登录系统的帐号。安全起见,我们使用的帐号只能拥有尽可能少的权限。<br />
<br />
useradd -m -s /bin/false mirror<br />
<br />
现在,我们将继续创建镜像。<br />
<br />
== Creating the local mirror directory ==<br />
We will be using <tt>/home/mirror</tt>, the home directory of our unprivileged user, for storage of the scripts, logs, and packages.<br />
<br />
The first thing we need to do is create several directories in /home/mirror:<br />
<br />
cd /home/mirror<br />
sudo -u mirror mkdir {scripts,files,logs}<br />
<br />
== The synchronization script ==<br />
<br />
Now lets create the actual rsync script, <tt>scripts/mirrorsync.sh</tt>, using your favorite editor.<br />
<br />
#!/bin/bash<br />
#<br />
# The script to sync a local mirror of the Arch Linux repositories and ISOs<br />
#<br />
# Copyright (C) 2007 Woody Gilk <woody@archlinux.org><br />
# Modifications by Dale Blount <dale@archlinux.org><br />
# and Roman Kyrylych <roman@archlinux.org><br />
# Licensed under the GNU GPL (version 2)<br />
<br />
# Filesystem locations for the sync operations<br />
SYNC_HOME="/home/mirror"<br />
SYNC_LOGS="$SYNC_HOME/logs"<br />
SYNC_FILES="$SYNC_HOME/files"<br />
SYNC_LOCK="$SYNC_HOME/mirrorsync.lck"<br />
<br />
# Select which repositories to sync<br />
# Valid options are: core, extra, unstable, testing, community, iso<br />
# Leave empty to sync a complete mirror<br />
# SYNC_REPO=(core extra unstable testing community iso)<br />
SYNC_REPO=()<br />
<br />
# Set the rsync server to use<br />
# Only official public mirrors are allowed to use rsync.archlinux.org<br />
# SYNC_SERVER=rsync.archlinux.org::ftp<br />
SYNC_SERVER=distro.ibiblio.org::distros/archlinux<br />
<br />
# Set the format of the log file name<br />
# This example will output something like this: sync_20070201-8.log<br />
LOG_FILE="pkgsync_$(date +%Y%m%d-%H).log"<br />
<br />
# Do not edit the following lines, they protect the sync from running more than<br />
# one instance at a time<br />
if [ ! -d $SYNC_HOME ]; then<br />
echo "$SYNC_HOME does not exist, please create it, then run this script again."<br />
exit 1<br />
fi<br />
<br />
[ -f $SYNC_LOCK ] && exit 1<br />
touch "$SYNC_LOCK"<br />
# End of non-editable lines<br />
<br />
# Create the log file and insert a timestamp<br />
touch "$SYNC_LOGS/$LOG_FILE"<br />
echo "=============================================" >> "$SYNC_LOGS/$LOG_FILE"<br />
echo ">> Starting sync on $(date --rfc-3339=seconds)" >> "$SYNC_LOGS/$LOG_FILE"<br />
echo ">> ---" >> "$SYNC_LOGS/$LOG_FILE"<br />
<br />
if [ -z $SYNC_REPO ]; then<br />
# Sync a complete mirror<br />
rsync -rptLv --delete-after --delay-updates $SYNC_SERVER "$SYNC_FILES" >> "$SYNC_LOGS/$LOG_FILE"<br />
else<br />
# Sync each of the repositories set in $SYNC_REPO<br />
for repo in ${SYNC_REPO[@]}; do<br />
repo=$(echo $repo | tr [:upper:] [:lower:])<br />
echo ">> Syncing $repo to $SYNC_FILES/$repo" >> "$SYNC_LOGS/$LOG_FILE"<br />
<br />
# If you only want to mirror i686 packages, you can add<br />
# " --exclude=os/x86_64" after "--delete-after"<br />
# <br />
# If you only want to mirror x86_64 packages, use "--exclude=os/i686"<br />
# If you want both i686 and x86_64, leave the following line as it is<br />
#<br />
rsync -rptlv --safe-links --delete-after --delay-updates $SYNC_SERVER/$repo "$SYNC_FILES" >> "$SYNC_LOGS/$LOG_FILE"<br />
<br />
# Create $repo.lastsync file with timestamp like "2007-05-02 03:41:08+03:00"<br />
# which may be useful for users to know when the repository was last updated<br />
# date --rfc-3339=seconds > "$SYNC_FILES/$repo.lastsync"<br />
<br />
# Sleep 5 seconds after each repository to avoid too many concurrent connections<br />
# to rsync server if the TCP connection does not close in a timely manner<br />
sleep 5 <br />
done<br />
fi<br />
<br />
# Insert another timestamp and close the log file<br />
echo ">> ---" >> "$SYNC_LOGS/$LOG_FILE"<br />
echo ">> Finished sync on $(date --rfc-3339=seconds)" >> "$SYNC_LOGS/$LOG_FILE"<br />
echo "=============================================" >> "$SYNC_LOGS/$LOG_FILE"<br />
echo "" >> "$SYNC_LOGS/$LOG_FILE"<br />
<br />
# Remove the lock file and exit<br />
rm -f "$SYNC_LOCK"<br />
exit 0<br />
<br />
Nothing terribly fancy here, just a slightly advanced bash script to do what we need. Let's make it executable.<br />
<br />
chmod +x scripts/mirrorsync.sh<br />
<br />
That's it, you now have an easily modifiable script. You probably don't want to have to run this manually though, so let's set up a cron job to run this for us.<br />
<br />
One note before we move on to the next step: your logs directory is going to keep growing in size. Make sure that you check it regularly so that it doesn't start overtaking the server with garbage. It is highly recommended that you set up [[LogRotate]] to manage this, or write some kind of cleanup script.<br />
<br />
== Running a cron job ==<br />
<br />
Let's make sure we have the necessary cron tools (most Arch installations will):<br />
<br />
pacman -S dcron<br />
<br />
We will be running our cron job with <tt>crontab</tt>. For more infomation, see <tt>man crontab</tt>. The benefit of running the sync with a crontab is a higher level of security, and not cluttering up <tt>/etc/cron.*</tt> with files. It also allows for a higher level of control for when the script is run.<br />
<br />
Create <tt>scripts/mirror.cron</tt> with the following contents:<br />
<br />
0 3 * * * /home/mirror/scripts/mirrorsync.sh<br />
<br />
Now we need to activate our crontab:<br />
<br />
sudo -u mirror crontab scripts/mirror.cron<br />
<br />
Let's make sure that crontab picked up our job:<br />
<br />
sudo -u mirror crontab -l<br />
<br />
You should see the contents of <tt>scripts/mirror.cron</tt> printed out. If not, rerun the previous command and check again.<br />
<br />
This cron setup will run our sync.sh script every night at 3AM. You can adjust this however you want, see http://www.adminschoice.com/docs/crontab.htm for more information on crontab syntax.<br />
<br />
=== Editing the cron job ===<br />
If you ever need to edit <tt>mirror.cron</tt>, use the following command:<br />
<br />
sudo -u mirror crontab -e<br />
<br />
If you edit the file by hand, use the following command to update crontab:<br />
<br />
sudo -u mirror crontab scripts/mirror.cron<br />
<br />
Now let's set up pacman to use our local mirror.<br />
<br />
== Setting up pacman to use the local mirror ==<br />
<br />
If you only want to access your mirror on one computer, you can use the following steps.<br />
<br />
=== Single machine ===<br />
<br />
'''NOTE:''' If you are following the above for a single machine, you are using a lot of bandwidth for no reason at all. Save it for the people that need it. This section only applies for those that will follow through with the below section as well.<br />
<br />
You will not need vsftpd for this type of setup, because we are accessing the files via a file:// url, as opposed to a ftp:// url.<br />
<br />
Add the following line to the top of <tt>/etc/pacman.d/core</tt>, at the top of the Servers list:<br />
<br />
Server = file:///home/mirror/files/core/os/i686<br />
<br />
You should also add this line, substituting <tt>/core/</tt> for the name of the repository you are mirroring (e.g.: for community, the line should look like this):<br />
<br />
Server = file:///home/mirror/files/community/os/i686<br />
<br />
Also be sure to change <tt>i686</tt> to <tt>x86_64</tt> if you are using a 64bit version of Arch.<br />
<br />
=== Multiple machines ===<br />
<br />
Syncing this way will allow you to use FTP to access your local mirror from other machines. You can also use this method to sync to your local machine (more details on this later).<br />
<br />
==== FTP server configuration ====<br />
<br />
The first thing we need to do is configure vsftpd. Edit <tt>/etc/vsftpd.conf</tt> to look like this:<br />
<br />
# vsftpd config file /etc/vsftpd.conf<br />
#<br />
# Setup for a secure anonymous FTP server<br />
#<br />
# Listen (non-xinetd) mode<br />
listen=YES<br />
# Use tcp_wrappers to control connections<br />
tcp_wrappers=YES<br />
# Use localtimes instead of GMT for files<br />
use_localtime=YES<br />
# Hide the true user/group ID of files<br />
hide_ids=YES<br />
# <br />
# Enable anonymous access (pacman requires this)<br />
anonymous_enable=YES<br />
# Use this user for anonymous logins<br />
ftp_username=mirror<br />
# Chroot directory for anonymous user<br />
anon_root=/home/mirror/files<br />
# Don't require a password for anonymous access (pacman requires this)<br />
no_anon_password=YES<br />
#<br />
# User to run vsftpd as (same as ftp_username)<br />
nopriv_user=mirror<br />
# Enable recursive "ls" listing<br />
ls_recurse_enable=YES<br />
#<br />
# Forcefully destroy sessions after X seconds of inactivity <br />
# (It is highly recommended to not set this above 300)<br />
idle_session_timeout=120<br />
# Forcefully stop sending data after X seconds of inactivity during a transfer<br />
# (It is highly recommended to not set this higher than idle_session_timeout)<br />
data_connection_timeout=30<br />
<br />
This setup will offer a very secure FTP server, tailored specifically for our needs. Note that this setup does '''not''' require a password, and should not be used in a publicly accessible network (unless that's what you want). ''Password protecting the FTP and still allowing it to work with pacman is beyond the scope of this document.''<br />
<br />
If you are going to connect to this machine from the outside, you will need to add the following line to <tt>/etc/hosts.allow</tt>:<br />
<br />
vsftpd : ALL : ALL<br />
<br />
Note that this will allow '''anyone''' to download from the mirror. If you want to control downloads more tightly, and don't know how to do so, see [http://linux.about.com/od/commands/l/blcmdl5_hostsal.htm linux.about.com] on the subject.<br />
<br />
Let's make sure vsftpd starts:<br />
<br />
sudo /etc/rc.d/vsftpd start<br />
<br />
If vsftpd does not start, check that the options are set correctly in your <tt>/etc/vsftpd.conf</tt> file.<br />
<br />
==== Enabling the mirror for pacman ====<br />
<br />
Now let's edit <tt>/etc/pacman.d/*</tt> files to use our shiny new mirror. Add the following line to the top of <tt>/etc/pacman.d/core</tt>, at the top of the Servers list:<br />
<br />
Server = ftp://192.168.1.21/core/os/i686<br />
<br />
Note that <tt>192.168.1.21</tt> is the IP address of my test machine. Your address will most likely be different. (Remember that you can get the current IP of an Arch box with <tt>ifconfig -a</tt> or <tt>ifconfig eth0</tt>.)<br />
<br />
If you want to use this same mirror on the local machine, use the following Server line:<br />
<br />
Server = ftp://localhost/core/os/i686<br />
<br />
Repeat this same process for the other repositories you are mirroring. Non-local machines will need to use an IP address to access the repository. Also make sure that the machine serving the mirror has a static IP address.<br />
<br />
== Synchronizing for the first time ==<br />
<br />
Here comes the pain! Run the following command to start the sync:<br />
<br />
sudo -u mirror ./scripts/mirrorsync.sh<br />
<br />
This won't give you any kind of output, but you probably want some. You can use something like this (correct for the name of log file) to monitor the sync progress:<br />
<br />
tail -f logs/pkgsync_20070203-9.log<br />
<br />
This process will usually take a few hours, depending on the speed of your internet connection and how many repositories you are mirroring. After the first sync, only new packages will be sync'ed, so it will be m</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Local_Mirror_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48918Local Mirror (简体中文)2008-09-06T01:56:16Z<p>Imagelife: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Package management (English)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (English)]]<br />
<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|Local Mirror}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|中文(简体中文)|本地镜像}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Translateme}}<br />
<br />
'''注意:''' 95%的用户不需要这么做。同步core和extra上的所有软件包会带来许多你所不需要的东西。Only follow these instructions if you are running a very large site of Arch machines or want to create an official mirror. Perhaps using a [[Network Shared Pacman Cache]] would serve you better.<br />
<br />
'''NOTE:''' Due to traffic issues rsyncing from rsync.archlinux.org is allowed only for official mirrors. If you want to create an official mirror - write to the mailing list about this and entries in /etc/pacman.d/* will be added and your IP address will be allowed.<br />
<br />
If you want to get a full mirror for personal use only, you may rsync from '''rsync://distro.ibiblio.org/distros/archlinux/'''<br />
<br />
This document describes how to create a mirror on your local machine of all the packages and iso files on the Arch mirrors, how to update it using cron, how to serve the mirror with vsftpd, and how to set up pacman to use the local mirror.<br />
<br />
== 安装准备 ==<br />
<br />
首先,更新或是安装安装必要的工具:<br />
pacman -Sy rsync vsftpd<br />
<br />
现在,我们要创建一个用于同步镜像的新用户('''没有登录特权'''),使用FTP获取文件。用户名“mirror”只是一个例子,你可以使用其他任何名称。请'''不要'''使用root或是其他能登录系统的帐号。安全起见,我们使用的帐号只能拥有尽可能少的权限。<br />
<br />
useradd -m -s /bin/false mirror<br />
<br />
现在,我们将继续创建镜像。<br />
<br />
== Creating the local mirror directory ==<br />
We will be using <tt>/home/mirror</tt>, the home directory of our unprivileged user, for storage of the scripts, logs, and packages.<br />
<br />
The first thing we need to do is create several directories in /home/mirror:<br />
<br />
cd /home/mirror<br />
sudo -u mirror mkdir {scripts,files,logs}<br />
<br />
== The synchronization script ==<br />
<br />
Now lets create the actual rsync script, <tt>scripts/mirrorsync.sh</tt>, using your favorite editor.<br />
<br />
#!/bin/bash<br />
#<br />
# The script to sync a local mirror of the Arch Linux repositories and ISOs<br />
#<br />
# Copyright (C) 2007 Woody Gilk <woody@archlinux.org><br />
# Modifications by Dale Blount <dale@archlinux.org><br />
# and Roman Kyrylych <roman@archlinux.org><br />
# Licensed under the GNU GPL (version 2)<br />
<br />
# Filesystem locations for the sync operations<br />
SYNC_HOME="/home/mirror"<br />
SYNC_LOGS="$SYNC_HOME/logs"<br />
SYNC_FILES="$SYNC_HOME/files"<br />
SYNC_LOCK="$SYNC_HOME/mirrorsync.lck"<br />
<br />
# Select which repositories to sync<br />
# Valid options are: core, extra, unstable, testing, community, iso<br />
# Leave empty to sync a complete mirror<br />
# SYNC_REPO=(core extra unstable testing community iso)<br />
SYNC_REPO=()<br />
<br />
# Set the rsync server to use<br />
# Only official public mirrors are allowed to use rsync.archlinux.org<br />
# SYNC_SERVER=rsync.archlinux.org::ftp<br />
SYNC_SERVER=distro.ibiblio.org::distros/archlinux<br />
<br />
# Set the format of the log file name<br />
# This example will output something like this: sync_20070201-8.log<br />
LOG_FILE="pkgsync_$(date +%Y%m%d-%H).log"<br />
<br />
# Do not edit the following lines, they protect the sync from running more than<br />
# one instance at a time<br />
if [ ! -d $SYNC_HOME ]; then<br />
echo "$SYNC_HOME does not exist, please create it, then run this script again."<br />
exit 1<br />
fi<br />
<br />
[ -f $SYNC_LOCK ] && exit 1<br />
touch "$SYNC_LOCK"<br />
# End of non-editable lines<br />
<br />
# Create the log file and insert a timestamp<br />
touch "$SYNC_LOGS/$LOG_FILE"<br />
echo "=============================================" >> "$SYNC_LOGS/$LOG_FILE"<br />
echo ">> Starting sync on $(date --rfc-3339=seconds)" >> "$SYNC_LOGS/$LOG_FILE"<br />
echo ">> ---" >> "$SYNC_LOGS/$LOG_FILE"<br />
<br />
if [ -z $SYNC_REPO ]; then<br />
# Sync a complete mirror<br />
rsync -rptLv --delete-after --delay-updates $SYNC_SERVER "$SYNC_FILES" >> "$SYNC_LOGS/$LOG_FILE"<br />
else<br />
# Sync each of the repositories set in $SYNC_REPO<br />
for repo in ${SYNC_REPO[@]}; do<br />
repo=$(echo $repo | tr [:upper:] [:lower:])<br />
echo ">> Syncing $repo to $SYNC_FILES/$repo" >> "$SYNC_LOGS/$LOG_FILE"<br />
<br />
# If you only want to mirror i686 packages, you can add<br />
# " --exclude=os/x86_64" after "--delete-after"<br />
# <br />
# If you only want to mirror x86_64 packages, use "--exclude=os/i686"<br />
# If you want both i686 and x86_64, leave the following line as it is<br />
#<br />
rsync -rptlv --safe-links --delete-after --delay-updates $SYNC_SERVER/$repo "$SYNC_FILES" >> "$SYNC_LOGS/$LOG_FILE"<br />
<br />
# Create $repo.lastsync file with timestamp like "2007-05-02 03:41:08+03:00"<br />
# which may be useful for users to know when the repository was last updated<br />
# date --rfc-3339=seconds > "$SYNC_FILES/$repo.lastsync"<br />
<br />
# Sleep 5 seconds after each repository to avoid too many concurrent connections<br />
# to rsync server if the TCP connection does not close in a timely manner<br />
sleep 5 <br />
done<br />
fi<br />
<br />
# Insert another timestamp and close the log file<br />
echo ">> ---" >> "$SYNC_LOGS/$LOG_FILE"<br />
echo ">> Finished sync on $(date --rfc-3339=seconds)" >> "$SYNC_LOGS/$LOG_FILE"<br />
echo "=============================================" >> "$SYNC_LOGS/$LOG_FILE"<br />
echo "" >> "$SYNC_LOGS/$LOG_FILE"<br />
<br />
# Remove the lock file and exit<br />
rm -f "$SYNC_LOCK"<br />
exit 0<br />
<br />
Nothing terribly fancy here, just a slightly advanced bash script to do what we need. Let's make it executable.<br />
<br />
chmod +x scripts/mirrorsync.sh<br />
<br />
That's it, you now have an easily modifiable script. You probably don't want to have to run this manually though, so let's set up a cron job to run this for us.<br />
<br />
One note before we move on to the next step: your logs directory is going to keep growing in size. Make sure that you check it regularly so that it doesn't start overtaking the server with garbage. It is highly recommended that you set up [[LogRotate]] to manage this, or write some kind of cleanup script.<br />
<br />
== Running a cron job ==<br />
<br />
Let's make sure we have the necessary cron tools (most Arch installations will):<br />
<br />
pacman -S dcron<br />
<br />
We will be running our cron job with <tt>crontab</tt>. For more infomation, see <tt>man crontab</tt>. The benefit of running the sync with a crontab is a higher level of security, and not cluttering up <tt>/etc/cron.*</tt> with files. It also allows for a higher level of control for when the script is run.<br />
<br />
Create <tt>scripts/mirror.cron</tt> with the following contents:<br />
<br />
0 3 * * * /home/mirror/scripts/mirrorsync.sh<br />
<br />
Now we need to activate our crontab:<br />
<br />
sudo -u mirror crontab scripts/mirror.cron<br />
<br />
Let's make sure that crontab picked up our job:<br />
<br />
sudo -u mirror crontab -l<br />
<br />
You should see the contents of <tt>scripts/mirror.cron</tt> printed out. If not, rerun the previous command and check again.<br />
<br />
This cron setup will run our sync.sh script every night at 3AM. You can adjust this however you want, see http://www.adminschoice.com/docs/crontab.htm for more information on crontab syntax.<br />
<br />
=== Editing the cron job ===<br />
If you ever need to edit <tt>mirror.cron</tt>, use the following command:<br />
<br />
sudo -u mirror crontab -e<br />
<br />
If you edit the file by hand, use the following command to update crontab:<br />
<br />
sudo -u mirror crontab scripts/mirror.cron<br />
<br />
Now let's set up pacman to use our local mirror.<br />
<br />
== Setting up pacman to use the local mirror ==<br />
<br />
If you only want to access your mirror on one computer, you can use the following steps.<br />
<br />
=== Single machine ===<br />
<br />
'''NOTE:''' If you are following the above for a single machine, you are using a lot of bandwidth for no reason at all. Save it for the people that need it. This section only applies for those that will follow through with the below section as well.<br />
<br />
You will not need vsftpd for this type of setup, because we are accessing the files via a file:// url, as opposed to a ftp:// url.<br />
<br />
Add the following line to the top of <tt>/etc/pacman.d/core</tt>, at the top of the Servers list:<br />
<br />
Server = file:///home/mirror/files/core/os/i686<br />
<br />
You should also add this line, substituting <tt>/core/</tt> for the name of the repository you are mirroring (e.g.: for community, the line should look like this):<br />
<br />
Server = file:///home/mirror/files/community/os/i686<br />
<br />
Also be sure to change <tt>i686</tt> to <tt>x86_64</tt> if you are using a 64bit version of Arch.<br />
<br />
=== Multiple machines ===<br />
<br />
Syncing this way will allow you to use FTP to access your local mirror from other machines. You can also use this method to sync to your local machine (more details on this later).<br />
<br />
==== FTP server configuration ====<br />
<br />
The first thing we need to do is configure vsftpd. Edit <tt>/etc/vsftpd.conf</tt> to look like this:<br />
<br />
# vsftpd config file /etc/vsftpd.conf<br />
#<br />
# Setup for a secure anonymous FTP server<br />
#<br />
# Listen (non-xinetd) mode<br />
listen=YES<br />
# Use tcp_wrappers to control connections<br />
tcp_wrappers=YES<br />
# Use localtimes instead of GMT for files<br />
use_localtime=YES<br />
# Hide the true user/group ID of files<br />
hide_ids=YES<br />
# <br />
# Enable anonymous access (pacman requires this)<br />
anonymous_enable=YES<br />
# Use this user for anonymous logins<br />
ftp_username=mirror<br />
# Chroot directory for anonymous user<br />
anon_root=/home/mirror/files<br />
# Don't require a password for anonymous access (pacman requires this)<br />
no_anon_password=YES<br />
#<br />
# User to run vsftpd as (same as ftp_username)<br />
nopriv_user=mirror<br />
# Enable recursive "ls" listing<br />
ls_recurse_enable=YES<br />
#<br />
# Forcefully destroy sessions after X seconds of inactivity <br />
# (It is highly recommended to not set this above 300)<br />
idle_session_timeout=120<br />
# Forcefully stop sending data after X seconds of inactivity during a transfer<br />
# (It is highly recommended to not set this higher than idle_session_timeout)<br />
data_connection_timeout=30<br />
<br />
This setup will offer a very secure FTP server, tailored specifically for our needs. Note that this setup does '''not''' require a password, and should not be used in a publicly accessible network (unless that's what you want). ''Password protecting the FTP and still allowing it to work with pacman is beyond the scope of this document.''<br />
<br />
If you are going to connect to this machine from the outside, you will need to add the following line to <tt>/etc/hosts.allow</tt>:<br />
<br />
vsftpd : ALL : ALL<br />
<br />
Note that this will allow '''anyone''' to download from the mirror. If you want to control downloads more tightly, and don't know how to do so, see [http://linux.about.com/od/commands/l/blcmdl5_hostsal.htm linux.about.com] on the subject.<br />
<br />
Let's make sure vsftpd starts:<br />
<br />
sudo /etc/rc.d/vsftpd start<br />
<br />
If vsftpd does not start, check that the options are set correctly in your <tt>/etc/vsftpd.conf</tt> file.<br />
<br />
==== Enabling the mirror for pacman ====<br />
<br />
Now let's edit <tt>/etc/pacman.d/*</tt> files to use our shiny new mirror. Add the following line to the top of <tt>/etc/pacman.d/core</tt>, at the top of the Servers list:<br />
<br />
Server = ftp://192.168.1.21/core/os/i686<br />
<br />
Note that <tt>192.168.1.21</tt> is the IP address of my test machine. Your address will most likely be different. (Remember that you can get the current IP of an Arch box with <tt>ifconfig -a</tt> or <tt>ifconfig eth0</tt>.)<br />
<br />
If you want to use this same mirror on the local machine, use the following Server line:<br />
<br />
Server = ftp://localhost/core/os/i686<br />
<br />
Repeat this same process for the other repositories you are mirroring. Non-local machines will need to use an IP address to access the repository. Also make sure that the machine serving the mirror has a static IP address.<br />
<br />
== Synchronizing for the first time ==<br />
<br />
Here comes the pain! Run the following command to start the sync:<br />
<br />
sudo -u mirror ./scripts/mirrorsync.sh<br />
<br />
This won't give you any kind of output, but you probably want some. You can use something like this (correct for the name of log file) to monitor the sync progress:<br />
<br />
tail -f logs/pkgsync_20070203-9.log<br />
<br />
This process will usually take a few hours, depending on the speed of your internet connection and how many repositories you are mirroring. After the first sync, only new packages will be sync'ed, so it will be m</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=KDE_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48916KDE (简体中文)2008-09-06T01:35:56Z<p>Imagelife: /* Changing DPI settings for KDM: */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:简体中文]]<br />
[[Category:桌面环境]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (简体中文)]]<br />
<br />
==欢迎来到ARCHLINUX KDE WIKI<br />
<br />
===常规信息:===<br />
<pre><br />
这份文档是基于kde 4.1!<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====何处获得kde 4.1:===<br />
<pre><br />
kde4.1 现在已经位于Extra Repository<br />
谢谢您的反馈。享受新的kde的发布和新的特征。<br />
请报告问题。<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
查看升级提示通告。<br />
* [http://archlinux.org/news/402/ kde4.1 Announcement - On The Road to KDE 4.1]<br />
<br />
See this thread for an announcement and the initial reactions to the move.<br />
* [http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=52271 Forum discussion]<br />
<br />
===软件包升级:===<br />
<pre><br />
从kde3.5.9升级到kde4.1:<br />
pacman -S kde<br />
回答"yes"针对软件包更换提示。<br />
<br />
Targets (20): kdelibs-4.1.0-4 kdeaccessibility-4.1.0-1 kdepimlibs-4.1.0-1 kdeadmin-4.1.0-1<br />
kdebase-runtime-4.1.0-2 kdebase-workspace-4.1.0-5 kdeartwork-4.1.0-1 kdebase-4.1.0-2<br />
kdeedu-4.1.0-1 kdegames-4.1.0-2 kdegraphics-4.1.0-3 kdemultimedia-4.1.0-1 libotr-3.2.0-1<br />
kdenetwork-4.1.0-2 kdepim-4.1.0-2 kdeplasma-addons-4.1.0-1 kdesdk-4.1.0-1<br />
kdetoys-4.1.0-1 kdeutils-4.1.0-1 kdewebdev-4.1.0-1<br />
<br />
Total Download Size: 314.00 MB<br />
Total Installed Size: 600.76 MB<br />
<br />
as of today's date of 8/7/2008<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
针对那些觉得kde4.1还没有对他们准备好的人,这里是论坛一个帖子关于如何降级到kde3.5的版本kdemod3<br />
<br />
* [http://kdemod.ath.cx/bbs/viewtopic.php?id=892 kdemod3]<br />
<br />
===已知问题:===<br />
<pre><br />
The following was lifted from On The Road to KDE 4.1<br />
http://archlinux.org/news/402/<br />
<br />
Before you update you should read the following hints:<br />
<br />
* This update will NOT be smooth. Not all config files of the old KDE are<br />
compatible with 4.1. While the old are kept in ~/.kde the new ones are in<br />
~/.kde4. They won't be converted automagically. You could try to copy some<br />
files manually and see what happens. This might work for kmail, konqueror<br />
and others, but will break things for others. Maybe KDE will release a tool<br />
for doing this.<br />
<br />
* If you want to use the KDE desktop make sure you have kdebase-workspace<br />
installed, which includes the kdm, the taskbar etc.<br />
<br />
* if pacman wants to replace packages: Answer YES :-)<br />
<br />
* At the time of writing not all KDE-based packages have been rebuilt for use<br />
with new KDE or "legacy libs". If you cannot wait, installing kdelibs3<br />
should make them work. But this will be fixed in the repos before things are<br />
pushed to [extra] of course.<br />
<br />
* If you start KDM with inittab make sure to change its path from /opt/kde to<br />
/usr<br />
<br />
* Don't force the upgrade ( -f); report a bug instead<br />
<br />
* You might want to (re)move your ~/Desktop folder if you don't like that<br />
folder view<br />
<br />
* The first login takes a while; don't worry about this. It's creating new<br />
configs etc.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
* If you use an nvidia card, please read<br />
[http://techbase.kde.org/User:Lemma/GPU-Performance Lemma/GPU-Performance]<br><br />
[http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/KDEmod#How_to_get_decent_performance_on_KDE_4_using_a_NVIDIA_graphics_card How to get decent performance on KDE 4 using a NVIDIA graphics card]<br />
<br />
* For a short overview about the new features read<br />
[http://www.kde.org/announcements/4.1/ kde4.1 Announcement]<br />
<br />
====KDEBASE====<br />
''' '''Samba/Windows 支持:<br />
<pre><br />
如果你想使用Windows服务 <br />
'pacman -S samba'<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''Java 支持:<br />
<pre><br />
如果你想拥有Java支持:<br />
'pacman -S jre'<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''打印支持:<br />
<pre><br />
如果你想拥有打印支持:<br />
'pacman -S <enteryourfavouriteprintingsystemhere>'<br />
(This is not verified at the time of this writing)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''默认字体:<br />
<pre><br />
If you experience problems with the default fonts setting, e.g.<br />
that special characters for your language do not appear, try to<br />
set the fonts in 'System Settings' to a font which supports that characters<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''KDM Xserver file:<br />
<pre><br />
KDM<br />
Reference file /usr/share/config/kdm/kdmrc<br />
See /usr/share/doc/HTML/en/kdm/kdmrc-ref.docbook for all options<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''Dbus/Hal Stuff:<br />
<pre><br />
Please add 'dbus' 'hal' to rc.conf daemon's list <br />
for full media (works for me)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''GPG/SSH Stuff:<br />
<pre><br />
To disable gpg-agent and/or ssh-agent in KDE sessions,<br />
edit '/usr/env/agent-startup.sh' and<br />
'/usr/shutdown/agent-shutdown.sh'.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Kdebindings:====<br />
<pre><br />
Kdebindings has been built with support for Java and GTK.<br />
If you want to use these features use the following pacman commands:<br />
'pacman -S jdk'<br />
'pacman -S gtk'<br />
(This is not verified at the time of this writing)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Kdesdk:====<br />
<pre><br />
Kdesdk has been built with support for Subversion.<br />
If you want to use this feature use the following pacman command:<br />
'pacman -S subversion'<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====为KDM改变DPI设定:====<br />
<pre><br />
Changing the DPI settings for KDE can be a little daunting, but this<br />
will show you how to do it.<br />
First, as root, you need to open the /usr/share/config/kdm/kdmrc<br />
file and add ServerArgsLocal=-dpi 96 to the [X-:*-Core] section (Or<br />
what ever DPI you want).<br />
Then, you simply exit out and restart X (CTRL+ALT+BACKSPACE). <br />
Note, this only applies if you are using KDM. If you are not using KDE,<br />
then the file you want to edit is /usr/X11/bin/startx. You will see a <br />
line for defaultserverargs. Add "-dpi 96" (or what ever dpi you want) <br />
and restart X.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Bugs:====<br />
<pre><br />
If you think you found a bug, please verify that this bug also happens<br />
with a new created user, with a clean setup, some bugs happen due to<br />
misconfiguration in config files. If the new user doesn't show the bug, <br />
try to move the config files of your existing user.<br />
<br />
kde4 config files are usually located at: /home/$user/.kde4/share/config<br />
or if app specific at: /home/$user/.kde4/share/apps<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
'''Useful links:''' <BR><br />
Archlinux Bug Tracker: [http://bugs.archlinux.org] <BR><br />
KDE Homepage: [http://www.kde.org] <BR><br />
KDE Bug Tracker: [http://bugs.kde.org] <BR><br />
KDE WebSVN: [http://websvn.kde.org] <BR><br />
Control X Font DPI [http://process-of-elimination.net/index.php?title=Control_Font_DPI_in_X] <BR><br />
<br />
====About KDE package splitting:====<br />
[[KDEmod]] is a (community-based) modulated version of KDE4, which includes a number of UI enhancements. See the [[KDEmod]] wiki for more information.<br />
<br />
====关于为什么软件包出现在官方发布之前:====<br />
<pre><br />
Packagers get the tarballs a week earlier then official release, to have time<br />
to build and fix last showstoppers while building.<br />
--> the packages are most time the final ones when they appear in arch repos,<br />
even before official release.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====额外链接====<br />
* [http://archux.com/page/installing-and-setting-kde-3 Installing KDE 3 at archux.com]<br />
* [http://archux.com/page/installing-and-setting-kde-4 Installing KDE 4 at archux.com]</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=KDE_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48915KDE (简体中文)2008-09-06T01:34:36Z<p>Imagelife: /* About why do packages appear before official release: */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:简体中文]]<br />
[[Category:桌面环境]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (简体中文)]]<br />
<br />
==欢迎来到ARCHLINUX KDE WIKI<br />
<br />
===常规信息:===<br />
<pre><br />
这份文档是基于kde 4.1!<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====何处获得kde 4.1:===<br />
<pre><br />
kde4.1 现在已经位于Extra Repository<br />
谢谢您的反馈。享受新的kde的发布和新的特征。<br />
请报告问题。<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
查看升级提示通告。<br />
* [http://archlinux.org/news/402/ kde4.1 Announcement - On The Road to KDE 4.1]<br />
<br />
See this thread for an announcement and the initial reactions to the move.<br />
* [http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=52271 Forum discussion]<br />
<br />
===软件包升级:===<br />
<pre><br />
从kde3.5.9升级到kde4.1:<br />
pacman -S kde<br />
回答"yes"针对软件包更换提示。<br />
<br />
Targets (20): kdelibs-4.1.0-4 kdeaccessibility-4.1.0-1 kdepimlibs-4.1.0-1 kdeadmin-4.1.0-1<br />
kdebase-runtime-4.1.0-2 kdebase-workspace-4.1.0-5 kdeartwork-4.1.0-1 kdebase-4.1.0-2<br />
kdeedu-4.1.0-1 kdegames-4.1.0-2 kdegraphics-4.1.0-3 kdemultimedia-4.1.0-1 libotr-3.2.0-1<br />
kdenetwork-4.1.0-2 kdepim-4.1.0-2 kdeplasma-addons-4.1.0-1 kdesdk-4.1.0-1<br />
kdetoys-4.1.0-1 kdeutils-4.1.0-1 kdewebdev-4.1.0-1<br />
<br />
Total Download Size: 314.00 MB<br />
Total Installed Size: 600.76 MB<br />
<br />
as of today's date of 8/7/2008<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
针对那些觉得kde4.1还没有对他们准备好的人,这里是论坛一个帖子关于如何降级到kde3.5的版本kdemod3<br />
<br />
* [http://kdemod.ath.cx/bbs/viewtopic.php?id=892 kdemod3]<br />
<br />
===已知问题:===<br />
<pre><br />
The following was lifted from On The Road to KDE 4.1<br />
http://archlinux.org/news/402/<br />
<br />
Before you update you should read the following hints:<br />
<br />
* This update will NOT be smooth. Not all config files of the old KDE are<br />
compatible with 4.1. While the old are kept in ~/.kde the new ones are in<br />
~/.kde4. They won't be converted automagically. You could try to copy some<br />
files manually and see what happens. This might work for kmail, konqueror<br />
and others, but will break things for others. Maybe KDE will release a tool<br />
for doing this.<br />
<br />
* If you want to use the KDE desktop make sure you have kdebase-workspace<br />
installed, which includes the kdm, the taskbar etc.<br />
<br />
* if pacman wants to replace packages: Answer YES :-)<br />
<br />
* At the time of writing not all KDE-based packages have been rebuilt for use<br />
with new KDE or "legacy libs". If you cannot wait, installing kdelibs3<br />
should make them work. But this will be fixed in the repos before things are<br />
pushed to [extra] of course.<br />
<br />
* If you start KDM with inittab make sure to change its path from /opt/kde to<br />
/usr<br />
<br />
* Don't force the upgrade ( -f); report a bug instead<br />
<br />
* You might want to (re)move your ~/Desktop folder if you don't like that<br />
folder view<br />
<br />
* The first login takes a while; don't worry about this. It's creating new<br />
configs etc.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
* If you use an nvidia card, please read<br />
[http://techbase.kde.org/User:Lemma/GPU-Performance Lemma/GPU-Performance]<br><br />
[http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/KDEmod#How_to_get_decent_performance_on_KDE_4_using_a_NVIDIA_graphics_card How to get decent performance on KDE 4 using a NVIDIA graphics card]<br />
<br />
* For a short overview about the new features read<br />
[http://www.kde.org/announcements/4.1/ kde4.1 Announcement]<br />
<br />
====KDEBASE====<br />
''' '''Samba/Windows 支持:<br />
<pre><br />
如果你想使用Windows服务 <br />
'pacman -S samba'<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''Java 支持:<br />
<pre><br />
如果你想拥有Java支持:<br />
'pacman -S jre'<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''打印支持:<br />
<pre><br />
如果你想拥有打印支持:<br />
'pacman -S <enteryourfavouriteprintingsystemhere>'<br />
(This is not verified at the time of this writing)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''默认字体:<br />
<pre><br />
If you experience problems with the default fonts setting, e.g.<br />
that special characters for your language do not appear, try to<br />
set the fonts in 'System Settings' to a font which supports that characters<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''KDM Xserver file:<br />
<pre><br />
KDM<br />
Reference file /usr/share/config/kdm/kdmrc<br />
See /usr/share/doc/HTML/en/kdm/kdmrc-ref.docbook for all options<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''Dbus/Hal Stuff:<br />
<pre><br />
Please add 'dbus' 'hal' to rc.conf daemon's list <br />
for full media (works for me)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''GPG/SSH Stuff:<br />
<pre><br />
To disable gpg-agent and/or ssh-agent in KDE sessions,<br />
edit '/usr/env/agent-startup.sh' and<br />
'/usr/shutdown/agent-shutdown.sh'.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Kdebindings:====<br />
<pre><br />
Kdebindings has been built with support for Java and GTK.<br />
If you want to use these features use the following pacman commands:<br />
'pacman -S jdk'<br />
'pacman -S gtk'<br />
(This is not verified at the time of this writing)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Kdesdk:====<br />
<pre><br />
Kdesdk has been built with support for Subversion.<br />
If you want to use this feature use the following pacman command:<br />
'pacman -S subversion'<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Changing DPI settings for KDM:====<br />
<pre><br />
Changing the DPI settings for KDE can be a little daunting, but this<br />
will show you how to do it.<br />
First, as root, you need to open the /usr/share/config/kdm/kdmrc<br />
file and add ServerArgsLocal=-dpi 96 to the [X-:*-Core] section (Or<br />
what ever DPI you want).<br />
Then, you simply exit out and restart X (CTRL+ALT+BACKSPACE). <br />
Note, this only applies if you are using KDM. If you are not using KDE,<br />
then the file you want to edit is /usr/X11/bin/startx. You will see a <br />
line for defaultserverargs. Add "-dpi 96" (or what ever dpi you want) <br />
and restart X.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Bugs:====<br />
<pre><br />
If you think you found a bug, please verify that this bug also happens<br />
with a new created user, with a clean setup, some bugs happen due to<br />
misconfiguration in config files. If the new user doesn't show the bug, <br />
try to move the config files of your existing user.<br />
<br />
kde4 config files are usually located at: /home/$user/.kde4/share/config<br />
or if app specific at: /home/$user/.kde4/share/apps<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
'''Useful links:''' <BR><br />
Archlinux Bug Tracker: [http://bugs.archlinux.org] <BR><br />
KDE Homepage: [http://www.kde.org] <BR><br />
KDE Bug Tracker: [http://bugs.kde.org] <BR><br />
KDE WebSVN: [http://websvn.kde.org] <BR><br />
Control X Font DPI [http://process-of-elimination.net/index.php?title=Control_Font_DPI_in_X] <BR><br />
<br />
====About KDE package splitting:====<br />
[[KDEmod]] is a (community-based) modulated version of KDE4, which includes a number of UI enhancements. See the [[KDEmod]] wiki for more information.<br />
<br />
====关于为什么软件包出现在官方发布之前:====<br />
<pre><br />
Packagers get the tarballs a week earlier then official release, to have time<br />
to build and fix last showstoppers while building.<br />
--> the packages are most time the final ones when they appear in arch repos,<br />
even before official release.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====额外链接====<br />
* [http://archux.com/page/installing-and-setting-kde-3 Installing KDE 3 at archux.com]<br />
* [http://archux.com/page/installing-and-setting-kde-4 Installing KDE 4 at archux.com]</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=KDE_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48914KDE (简体中文)2008-09-06T01:33:16Z<p>Imagelife: /* External links */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:简体中文]]<br />
[[Category:桌面环境]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (简体中文)]]<br />
<br />
==欢迎来到ARCHLINUX KDE WIKI<br />
<br />
===常规信息:===<br />
<pre><br />
这份文档是基于kde 4.1!<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====何处获得kde 4.1:===<br />
<pre><br />
kde4.1 现在已经位于Extra Repository<br />
谢谢您的反馈。享受新的kde的发布和新的特征。<br />
请报告问题。<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
查看升级提示通告。<br />
* [http://archlinux.org/news/402/ kde4.1 Announcement - On The Road to KDE 4.1]<br />
<br />
See this thread for an announcement and the initial reactions to the move.<br />
* [http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=52271 Forum discussion]<br />
<br />
===软件包升级:===<br />
<pre><br />
从kde3.5.9升级到kde4.1:<br />
pacman -S kde<br />
回答"yes"针对软件包更换提示。<br />
<br />
Targets (20): kdelibs-4.1.0-4 kdeaccessibility-4.1.0-1 kdepimlibs-4.1.0-1 kdeadmin-4.1.0-1<br />
kdebase-runtime-4.1.0-2 kdebase-workspace-4.1.0-5 kdeartwork-4.1.0-1 kdebase-4.1.0-2<br />
kdeedu-4.1.0-1 kdegames-4.1.0-2 kdegraphics-4.1.0-3 kdemultimedia-4.1.0-1 libotr-3.2.0-1<br />
kdenetwork-4.1.0-2 kdepim-4.1.0-2 kdeplasma-addons-4.1.0-1 kdesdk-4.1.0-1<br />
kdetoys-4.1.0-1 kdeutils-4.1.0-1 kdewebdev-4.1.0-1<br />
<br />
Total Download Size: 314.00 MB<br />
Total Installed Size: 600.76 MB<br />
<br />
as of today's date of 8/7/2008<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
针对那些觉得kde4.1还没有对他们准备好的人,这里是论坛一个帖子关于如何降级到kde3.5的版本kdemod3<br />
<br />
* [http://kdemod.ath.cx/bbs/viewtopic.php?id=892 kdemod3]<br />
<br />
===已知问题:===<br />
<pre><br />
The following was lifted from On The Road to KDE 4.1<br />
http://archlinux.org/news/402/<br />
<br />
Before you update you should read the following hints:<br />
<br />
* This update will NOT be smooth. Not all config files of the old KDE are<br />
compatible with 4.1. While the old are kept in ~/.kde the new ones are in<br />
~/.kde4. They won't be converted automagically. You could try to copy some<br />
files manually and see what happens. This might work for kmail, konqueror<br />
and others, but will break things for others. Maybe KDE will release a tool<br />
for doing this.<br />
<br />
* If you want to use the KDE desktop make sure you have kdebase-workspace<br />
installed, which includes the kdm, the taskbar etc.<br />
<br />
* if pacman wants to replace packages: Answer YES :-)<br />
<br />
* At the time of writing not all KDE-based packages have been rebuilt for use<br />
with new KDE or "legacy libs". If you cannot wait, installing kdelibs3<br />
should make them work. But this will be fixed in the repos before things are<br />
pushed to [extra] of course.<br />
<br />
* If you start KDM with inittab make sure to change its path from /opt/kde to<br />
/usr<br />
<br />
* Don't force the upgrade ( -f); report a bug instead<br />
<br />
* You might want to (re)move your ~/Desktop folder if you don't like that<br />
folder view<br />
<br />
* The first login takes a while; don't worry about this. It's creating new<br />
configs etc.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
* If you use an nvidia card, please read<br />
[http://techbase.kde.org/User:Lemma/GPU-Performance Lemma/GPU-Performance]<br><br />
[http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/KDEmod#How_to_get_decent_performance_on_KDE_4_using_a_NVIDIA_graphics_card How to get decent performance on KDE 4 using a NVIDIA graphics card]<br />
<br />
* For a short overview about the new features read<br />
[http://www.kde.org/announcements/4.1/ kde4.1 Announcement]<br />
<br />
====KDEBASE====<br />
''' '''Samba/Windows 支持:<br />
<pre><br />
如果你想使用Windows服务 <br />
'pacman -S samba'<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''Java 支持:<br />
<pre><br />
如果你想拥有Java支持:<br />
'pacman -S jre'<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''打印支持:<br />
<pre><br />
如果你想拥有打印支持:<br />
'pacman -S <enteryourfavouriteprintingsystemhere>'<br />
(This is not verified at the time of this writing)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''默认字体:<br />
<pre><br />
If you experience problems with the default fonts setting, e.g.<br />
that special characters for your language do not appear, try to<br />
set the fonts in 'System Settings' to a font which supports that characters<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''KDM Xserver file:<br />
<pre><br />
KDM<br />
Reference file /usr/share/config/kdm/kdmrc<br />
See /usr/share/doc/HTML/en/kdm/kdmrc-ref.docbook for all options<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''Dbus/Hal Stuff:<br />
<pre><br />
Please add 'dbus' 'hal' to rc.conf daemon's list <br />
for full media (works for me)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''GPG/SSH Stuff:<br />
<pre><br />
To disable gpg-agent and/or ssh-agent in KDE sessions,<br />
edit '/usr/env/agent-startup.sh' and<br />
'/usr/shutdown/agent-shutdown.sh'.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Kdebindings:====<br />
<pre><br />
Kdebindings has been built with support for Java and GTK.<br />
If you want to use these features use the following pacman commands:<br />
'pacman -S jdk'<br />
'pacman -S gtk'<br />
(This is not verified at the time of this writing)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Kdesdk:====<br />
<pre><br />
Kdesdk has been built with support for Subversion.<br />
If you want to use this feature use the following pacman command:<br />
'pacman -S subversion'<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Changing DPI settings for KDM:====<br />
<pre><br />
Changing the DPI settings for KDE can be a little daunting, but this<br />
will show you how to do it.<br />
First, as root, you need to open the /usr/share/config/kdm/kdmrc<br />
file and add ServerArgsLocal=-dpi 96 to the [X-:*-Core] section (Or<br />
what ever DPI you want).<br />
Then, you simply exit out and restart X (CTRL+ALT+BACKSPACE). <br />
Note, this only applies if you are using KDM. If you are not using KDE,<br />
then the file you want to edit is /usr/X11/bin/startx. You will see a <br />
line for defaultserverargs. Add "-dpi 96" (or what ever dpi you want) <br />
and restart X.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Bugs:====<br />
<pre><br />
If you think you found a bug, please verify that this bug also happens<br />
with a new created user, with a clean setup, some bugs happen due to<br />
misconfiguration in config files. If the new user doesn't show the bug, <br />
try to move the config files of your existing user.<br />
<br />
kde4 config files are usually located at: /home/$user/.kde4/share/config<br />
or if app specific at: /home/$user/.kde4/share/apps<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
'''Useful links:''' <BR><br />
Archlinux Bug Tracker: [http://bugs.archlinux.org] <BR><br />
KDE Homepage: [http://www.kde.org] <BR><br />
KDE Bug Tracker: [http://bugs.kde.org] <BR><br />
KDE WebSVN: [http://websvn.kde.org] <BR><br />
Control X Font DPI [http://process-of-elimination.net/index.php?title=Control_Font_DPI_in_X] <BR><br />
<br />
====About KDE package splitting:====<br />
[[KDEmod]] is a (community-based) modulated version of KDE4, which includes a number of UI enhancements. See the [[KDEmod]] wiki for more information.<br />
<br />
====About why do packages appear before official release:====<br />
<pre><br />
Packagers get the tarballs a week earlier then official release, to have time<br />
to build and fix last showstoppers while building.<br />
--> the packages are most time the final ones when they appear in arch repos,<br />
even before official release.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
====额外链接====<br />
* [http://archux.com/page/installing-and-setting-kde-3 Installing KDE 3 at archux.com]<br />
* [http://archux.com/page/installing-and-setting-kde-4 Installing KDE 4 at archux.com]</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=KDE_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48913KDE (简体中文)2008-09-06T01:32:00Z<p>Imagelife: /* KDEBASE */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:简体中文]]<br />
[[Category:桌面环境]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (简体中文)]]<br />
<br />
==欢迎来到ARCHLINUX KDE WIKI<br />
<br />
===常规信息:===<br />
<pre><br />
这份文档是基于kde 4.1!<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====何处获得kde 4.1:===<br />
<pre><br />
kde4.1 现在已经位于Extra Repository<br />
谢谢您的反馈。享受新的kde的发布和新的特征。<br />
请报告问题。<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
查看升级提示通告。<br />
* [http://archlinux.org/news/402/ kde4.1 Announcement - On The Road to KDE 4.1]<br />
<br />
See this thread for an announcement and the initial reactions to the move.<br />
* [http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=52271 Forum discussion]<br />
<br />
===软件包升级:===<br />
<pre><br />
从kde3.5.9升级到kde4.1:<br />
pacman -S kde<br />
回答"yes"针对软件包更换提示。<br />
<br />
Targets (20): kdelibs-4.1.0-4 kdeaccessibility-4.1.0-1 kdepimlibs-4.1.0-1 kdeadmin-4.1.0-1<br />
kdebase-runtime-4.1.0-2 kdebase-workspace-4.1.0-5 kdeartwork-4.1.0-1 kdebase-4.1.0-2<br />
kdeedu-4.1.0-1 kdegames-4.1.0-2 kdegraphics-4.1.0-3 kdemultimedia-4.1.0-1 libotr-3.2.0-1<br />
kdenetwork-4.1.0-2 kdepim-4.1.0-2 kdeplasma-addons-4.1.0-1 kdesdk-4.1.0-1<br />
kdetoys-4.1.0-1 kdeutils-4.1.0-1 kdewebdev-4.1.0-1<br />
<br />
Total Download Size: 314.00 MB<br />
Total Installed Size: 600.76 MB<br />
<br />
as of today's date of 8/7/2008<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
针对那些觉得kde4.1还没有对他们准备好的人,这里是论坛一个帖子关于如何降级到kde3.5的版本kdemod3<br />
<br />
* [http://kdemod.ath.cx/bbs/viewtopic.php?id=892 kdemod3]<br />
<br />
===已知问题:===<br />
<pre><br />
The following was lifted from On The Road to KDE 4.1<br />
http://archlinux.org/news/402/<br />
<br />
Before you update you should read the following hints:<br />
<br />
* This update will NOT be smooth. Not all config files of the old KDE are<br />
compatible with 4.1. While the old are kept in ~/.kde the new ones are in<br />
~/.kde4. They won't be converted automagically. You could try to copy some<br />
files manually and see what happens. This might work for kmail, konqueror<br />
and others, but will break things for others. Maybe KDE will release a tool<br />
for doing this.<br />
<br />
* If you want to use the KDE desktop make sure you have kdebase-workspace<br />
installed, which includes the kdm, the taskbar etc.<br />
<br />
* if pacman wants to replace packages: Answer YES :-)<br />
<br />
* At the time of writing not all KDE-based packages have been rebuilt for use<br />
with new KDE or "legacy libs". If you cannot wait, installing kdelibs3<br />
should make them work. But this will be fixed in the repos before things are<br />
pushed to [extra] of course.<br />
<br />
* If you start KDM with inittab make sure to change its path from /opt/kde to<br />
/usr<br />
<br />
* Don't force the upgrade ( -f); report a bug instead<br />
<br />
* You might want to (re)move your ~/Desktop folder if you don't like that<br />
folder view<br />
<br />
* The first login takes a while; don't worry about this. It's creating new<br />
configs etc.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
* If you use an nvidia card, please read<br />
[http://techbase.kde.org/User:Lemma/GPU-Performance Lemma/GPU-Performance]<br><br />
[http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/KDEmod#How_to_get_decent_performance_on_KDE_4_using_a_NVIDIA_graphics_card How to get decent performance on KDE 4 using a NVIDIA graphics card]<br />
<br />
* For a short overview about the new features read<br />
[http://www.kde.org/announcements/4.1/ kde4.1 Announcement]<br />
<br />
====KDEBASE====<br />
''' '''Samba/Windows 支持:<br />
<pre><br />
如果你想使用Windows服务 <br />
'pacman -S samba'<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''Java 支持:<br />
<pre><br />
如果你想拥有Java支持:<br />
'pacman -S jre'<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''打印支持:<br />
<pre><br />
如果你想拥有打印支持:<br />
'pacman -S <enteryourfavouriteprintingsystemhere>'<br />
(This is not verified at the time of this writing)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''默认字体:<br />
<pre><br />
If you experience problems with the default fonts setting, e.g.<br />
that special characters for your language do not appear, try to<br />
set the fonts in 'System Settings' to a font which supports that characters<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''KDM Xserver file:<br />
<pre><br />
KDM<br />
Reference file /usr/share/config/kdm/kdmrc<br />
See /usr/share/doc/HTML/en/kdm/kdmrc-ref.docbook for all options<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''Dbus/Hal Stuff:<br />
<pre><br />
Please add 'dbus' 'hal' to rc.conf daemon's list <br />
for full media (works for me)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''GPG/SSH Stuff:<br />
<pre><br />
To disable gpg-agent and/or ssh-agent in KDE sessions,<br />
edit '/usr/env/agent-startup.sh' and<br />
'/usr/shutdown/agent-shutdown.sh'.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Kdebindings:====<br />
<pre><br />
Kdebindings has been built with support for Java and GTK.<br />
If you want to use these features use the following pacman commands:<br />
'pacman -S jdk'<br />
'pacman -S gtk'<br />
(This is not verified at the time of this writing)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Kdesdk:====<br />
<pre><br />
Kdesdk has been built with support for Subversion.<br />
If you want to use this feature use the following pacman command:<br />
'pacman -S subversion'<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Changing DPI settings for KDM:====<br />
<pre><br />
Changing the DPI settings for KDE can be a little daunting, but this<br />
will show you how to do it.<br />
First, as root, you need to open the /usr/share/config/kdm/kdmrc<br />
file and add ServerArgsLocal=-dpi 96 to the [X-:*-Core] section (Or<br />
what ever DPI you want).<br />
Then, you simply exit out and restart X (CTRL+ALT+BACKSPACE). <br />
Note, this only applies if you are using KDM. If you are not using KDE,<br />
then the file you want to edit is /usr/X11/bin/startx. You will see a <br />
line for defaultserverargs. Add "-dpi 96" (or what ever dpi you want) <br />
and restart X.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Bugs:====<br />
<pre><br />
If you think you found a bug, please verify that this bug also happens<br />
with a new created user, with a clean setup, some bugs happen due to<br />
misconfiguration in config files. If the new user doesn't show the bug, <br />
try to move the config files of your existing user.<br />
<br />
kde4 config files are usually located at: /home/$user/.kde4/share/config<br />
or if app specific at: /home/$user/.kde4/share/apps<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
'''Useful links:''' <BR><br />
Archlinux Bug Tracker: [http://bugs.archlinux.org] <BR><br />
KDE Homepage: [http://www.kde.org] <BR><br />
KDE Bug Tracker: [http://bugs.kde.org] <BR><br />
KDE WebSVN: [http://websvn.kde.org] <BR><br />
Control X Font DPI [http://process-of-elimination.net/index.php?title=Control_Font_DPI_in_X] <BR><br />
<br />
====About KDE package splitting:====<br />
[[KDEmod]] is a (community-based) modulated version of KDE4, which includes a number of UI enhancements. See the [[KDEmod]] wiki for more information.<br />
<br />
====About why do packages appear before official release:====<br />
<pre><br />
Packagers get the tarballs a week earlier then official release, to have time<br />
to build and fix last showstoppers while building.<br />
--> the packages are most time the final ones when they appear in arch repos,<br />
even before official release.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
====External links====<br />
* [http://archux.com/page/installing-and-setting-kde-3 Installing KDE 3 at archux.com]<br />
* [http://archux.com/page/installing-and-setting-kde-4 Installing KDE 4 at archux.com]</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=KDE_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48912KDE (简体中文)2008-09-06T01:31:37Z<p>Imagelife: /* KDEBASE */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:简体中文]]<br />
[[Category:桌面环境]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (简体中文)]]<br />
<br />
==欢迎来到ARCHLINUX KDE WIKI<br />
<br />
===常规信息:===<br />
<pre><br />
这份文档是基于kde 4.1!<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====何处获得kde 4.1:===<br />
<pre><br />
kde4.1 现在已经位于Extra Repository<br />
谢谢您的反馈。享受新的kde的发布和新的特征。<br />
请报告问题。<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
查看升级提示通告。<br />
* [http://archlinux.org/news/402/ kde4.1 Announcement - On The Road to KDE 4.1]<br />
<br />
See this thread for an announcement and the initial reactions to the move.<br />
* [http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=52271 Forum discussion]<br />
<br />
===软件包升级:===<br />
<pre><br />
从kde3.5.9升级到kde4.1:<br />
pacman -S kde<br />
回答"yes"针对软件包更换提示。<br />
<br />
Targets (20): kdelibs-4.1.0-4 kdeaccessibility-4.1.0-1 kdepimlibs-4.1.0-1 kdeadmin-4.1.0-1<br />
kdebase-runtime-4.1.0-2 kdebase-workspace-4.1.0-5 kdeartwork-4.1.0-1 kdebase-4.1.0-2<br />
kdeedu-4.1.0-1 kdegames-4.1.0-2 kdegraphics-4.1.0-3 kdemultimedia-4.1.0-1 libotr-3.2.0-1<br />
kdenetwork-4.1.0-2 kdepim-4.1.0-2 kdeplasma-addons-4.1.0-1 kdesdk-4.1.0-1<br />
kdetoys-4.1.0-1 kdeutils-4.1.0-1 kdewebdev-4.1.0-1<br />
<br />
Total Download Size: 314.00 MB<br />
Total Installed Size: 600.76 MB<br />
<br />
as of today's date of 8/7/2008<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
针对那些觉得kde4.1还没有对他们准备好的人,这里是论坛一个帖子关于如何降级到kde3.5的版本kdemod3<br />
<br />
* [http://kdemod.ath.cx/bbs/viewtopic.php?id=892 kdemod3]<br />
<br />
===已知问题:===<br />
<pre><br />
The following was lifted from On The Road to KDE 4.1<br />
http://archlinux.org/news/402/<br />
<br />
Before you update you should read the following hints:<br />
<br />
* This update will NOT be smooth. Not all config files of the old KDE are<br />
compatible with 4.1. While the old are kept in ~/.kde the new ones are in<br />
~/.kde4. They won't be converted automagically. You could try to copy some<br />
files manually and see what happens. This might work for kmail, konqueror<br />
and others, but will break things for others. Maybe KDE will release a tool<br />
for doing this.<br />
<br />
* If you want to use the KDE desktop make sure you have kdebase-workspace<br />
installed, which includes the kdm, the taskbar etc.<br />
<br />
* if pacman wants to replace packages: Answer YES :-)<br />
<br />
* At the time of writing not all KDE-based packages have been rebuilt for use<br />
with new KDE or "legacy libs". If you cannot wait, installing kdelibs3<br />
should make them work. But this will be fixed in the repos before things are<br />
pushed to [extra] of course.<br />
<br />
* If you start KDM with inittab make sure to change its path from /opt/kde to<br />
/usr<br />
<br />
* Don't force the upgrade ( -f); report a bug instead<br />
<br />
* You might want to (re)move your ~/Desktop folder if you don't like that<br />
folder view<br />
<br />
* The first login takes a while; don't worry about this. It's creating new<br />
configs etc.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
* If you use an nvidia card, please read<br />
[http://techbase.kde.org/User:Lemma/GPU-Performance Lemma/GPU-Performance]<br><br />
[http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/KDEmod#How_to_get_decent_performance_on_KDE_4_using_a_NVIDIA_graphics_card How to get decent performance on KDE 4 using a NVIDIA graphics card]<br />
<br />
* For a short overview about the new features read<br />
[http://www.kde.org/announcements/4.1/ kde4.1 Announcement]<br />
<br />
====KDEBASE====<br />
''' '''Samba/Windows 支持:<br />
<pre><br />
如果你想使用Windows服务 <br />
'pacman -S samba'.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''Java 支持:<br />
<pre><br />
如果你想拥有Java支持:<br />
'pacman -S jre'<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''打印支持:<br />
<pre><br />
如果你想拥有打印支持:<br />
'pacman -S <enteryourfavouriteprintingsystemhere>'<br />
(This is not verified at the time of this writing)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''默认字体:<br />
<pre><br />
If you experience problems with the default fonts setting, e.g.<br />
that special characters for your language do not appear, try to<br />
set the fonts in 'System Settings' to a font which supports that characters<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''KDM Xserver file:<br />
<pre><br />
KDM<br />
Reference file /usr/share/config/kdm/kdmrc<br />
See /usr/share/doc/HTML/en/kdm/kdmrc-ref.docbook for all options<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''Dbus/Hal Stuff:<br />
<pre><br />
Please add 'dbus' 'hal' to rc.conf daemon's list <br />
for full media (works for me)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''GPG/SSH Stuff:<br />
<pre><br />
To disable gpg-agent and/or ssh-agent in KDE sessions,<br />
edit '/usr/env/agent-startup.sh' and<br />
'/usr/shutdown/agent-shutdown.sh'.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Kdebindings:====<br />
<pre><br />
Kdebindings has been built with support for Java and GTK.<br />
If you want to use these features use the following pacman commands:<br />
'pacman -S jdk'<br />
'pacman -S gtk'<br />
(This is not verified at the time of this writing)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Kdesdk:====<br />
<pre><br />
Kdesdk has been built with support for Subversion.<br />
If you want to use this feature use the following pacman command:<br />
'pacman -S subversion'<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Changing DPI settings for KDM:====<br />
<pre><br />
Changing the DPI settings for KDE can be a little daunting, but this<br />
will show you how to do it.<br />
First, as root, you need to open the /usr/share/config/kdm/kdmrc<br />
file and add ServerArgsLocal=-dpi 96 to the [X-:*-Core] section (Or<br />
what ever DPI you want).<br />
Then, you simply exit out and restart X (CTRL+ALT+BACKSPACE). <br />
Note, this only applies if you are using KDM. If you are not using KDE,<br />
then the file you want to edit is /usr/X11/bin/startx. You will see a <br />
line for defaultserverargs. Add "-dpi 96" (or what ever dpi you want) <br />
and restart X.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Bugs:====<br />
<pre><br />
If you think you found a bug, please verify that this bug also happens<br />
with a new created user, with a clean setup, some bugs happen due to<br />
misconfiguration in config files. If the new user doesn't show the bug, <br />
try to move the config files of your existing user.<br />
<br />
kde4 config files are usually located at: /home/$user/.kde4/share/config<br />
or if app specific at: /home/$user/.kde4/share/apps<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
'''Useful links:''' <BR><br />
Archlinux Bug Tracker: [http://bugs.archlinux.org] <BR><br />
KDE Homepage: [http://www.kde.org] <BR><br />
KDE Bug Tracker: [http://bugs.kde.org] <BR><br />
KDE WebSVN: [http://websvn.kde.org] <BR><br />
Control X Font DPI [http://process-of-elimination.net/index.php?title=Control_Font_DPI_in_X] <BR><br />
<br />
====About KDE package splitting:====<br />
[[KDEmod]] is a (community-based) modulated version of KDE4, which includes a number of UI enhancements. See the [[KDEmod]] wiki for more information.<br />
<br />
====About why do packages appear before official release:====<br />
<pre><br />
Packagers get the tarballs a week earlier then official release, to have time<br />
to build and fix last showstoppers while building.<br />
--> the packages are most time the final ones when they appear in arch repos,<br />
even before official release.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
====External links====<br />
* [http://archux.com/page/installing-and-setting-kde-3 Installing KDE 3 at archux.com]<br />
* [http://archux.com/page/installing-and-setting-kde-4 Installing KDE 4 at archux.com]</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=KDE_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48910KDE (简体中文)2008-09-06T01:28:31Z<p>Imagelife: New page: Category:简体中文 Category:桌面环境 Category:HOWTOs (简体中文) ==欢迎来到ARCHLINUX KDE WIKI ===常规信息:=== <pre> 这份文档是基于kde 4.1! </pre...</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:简体中文]]<br />
[[Category:桌面环境]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (简体中文)]]<br />
<br />
==欢迎来到ARCHLINUX KDE WIKI<br />
<br />
===常规信息:===<br />
<pre><br />
这份文档是基于kde 4.1!<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====何处获得kde 4.1:===<br />
<pre><br />
kde4.1 现在已经位于Extra Repository<br />
谢谢您的反馈。享受新的kde的发布和新的特征。<br />
请报告问题。<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
查看升级提示通告。<br />
* [http://archlinux.org/news/402/ kde4.1 Announcement - On The Road to KDE 4.1]<br />
<br />
See this thread for an announcement and the initial reactions to the move.<br />
* [http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=52271 Forum discussion]<br />
<br />
===软件包升级:===<br />
<pre><br />
从kde3.5.9升级到kde4.1:<br />
pacman -S kde<br />
回答"yes"针对软件包更换提示。<br />
<br />
Targets (20): kdelibs-4.1.0-4 kdeaccessibility-4.1.0-1 kdepimlibs-4.1.0-1 kdeadmin-4.1.0-1<br />
kdebase-runtime-4.1.0-2 kdebase-workspace-4.1.0-5 kdeartwork-4.1.0-1 kdebase-4.1.0-2<br />
kdeedu-4.1.0-1 kdegames-4.1.0-2 kdegraphics-4.1.0-3 kdemultimedia-4.1.0-1 libotr-3.2.0-1<br />
kdenetwork-4.1.0-2 kdepim-4.1.0-2 kdeplasma-addons-4.1.0-1 kdesdk-4.1.0-1<br />
kdetoys-4.1.0-1 kdeutils-4.1.0-1 kdewebdev-4.1.0-1<br />
<br />
Total Download Size: 314.00 MB<br />
Total Installed Size: 600.76 MB<br />
<br />
as of today's date of 8/7/2008<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
针对那些觉得kde4.1还没有对他们准备好的人,这里是论坛一个帖子关于如何降级到kde3.5的版本kdemod3<br />
<br />
* [http://kdemod.ath.cx/bbs/viewtopic.php?id=892 kdemod3]<br />
<br />
===已知问题:===<br />
<pre><br />
The following was lifted from On The Road to KDE 4.1<br />
http://archlinux.org/news/402/<br />
<br />
Before you update you should read the following hints:<br />
<br />
* This update will NOT be smooth. Not all config files of the old KDE are<br />
compatible with 4.1. While the old are kept in ~/.kde the new ones are in<br />
~/.kde4. They won't be converted automagically. You could try to copy some<br />
files manually and see what happens. This might work for kmail, konqueror<br />
and others, but will break things for others. Maybe KDE will release a tool<br />
for doing this.<br />
<br />
* If you want to use the KDE desktop make sure you have kdebase-workspace<br />
installed, which includes the kdm, the taskbar etc.<br />
<br />
* if pacman wants to replace packages: Answer YES :-)<br />
<br />
* At the time of writing not all KDE-based packages have been rebuilt for use<br />
with new KDE or "legacy libs". If you cannot wait, installing kdelibs3<br />
should make them work. But this will be fixed in the repos before things are<br />
pushed to [extra] of course.<br />
<br />
* If you start KDM with inittab make sure to change its path from /opt/kde to<br />
/usr<br />
<br />
* Don't force the upgrade ( -f); report a bug instead<br />
<br />
* You might want to (re)move your ~/Desktop folder if you don't like that<br />
folder view<br />
<br />
* The first login takes a while; don't worry about this. It's creating new<br />
configs etc.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
* If you use an nvidia card, please read<br />
[http://techbase.kde.org/User:Lemma/GPU-Performance Lemma/GPU-Performance]<br><br />
[http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/KDEmod#How_to_get_decent_performance_on_KDE_4_using_a_NVIDIA_graphics_card How to get decent performance on KDE 4 using a NVIDIA graphics card]<br />
<br />
* For a short overview about the new features read<br />
[http://www.kde.org/announcements/4.1/ kde4.1 Announcement]<br />
<br />
====KDEBASE====<br />
''' '''Samba/Windows support:<br />
<pre><br />
If you want to have access to Windows services<br />
'pacman -S samba'.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''Java support:<br />
<pre><br />
If you want to have Java support:<br />
'pacman -S jre'<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''Printing support:<br />
<pre><br />
If you want to have printing support:<br />
'pacman -S <enteryourfavouriteprintingsystemhere>'<br />
(This is not verified at the time of this writing)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''Font Defaults:<br />
<pre><br />
If you experience problems with the default fonts setting, e.g.<br />
that special characters for your language do not appear, try to<br />
set the fonts in 'System Settings' to a font which supports that characters<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''KDM Xserver file:<br />
<pre><br />
KDM<br />
Reference file /usr/share/config/kdm/kdmrc<br />
See /usr/share/doc/HTML/en/kdm/kdmrc-ref.docbook for all options<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''Dbus/Hal Stuff:<br />
<pre><br />
Please add 'dbus' 'hal' to rc.conf daemon's list <br />
for full media (works for me)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''GPG/SSH Stuff:<br />
<pre><br />
To disable gpg-agent and/or ssh-agent in KDE sessions,<br />
edit '/usr/env/agent-startup.sh' and<br />
'/usr/shutdown/agent-shutdown.sh'.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Kdebindings:====<br />
<pre><br />
Kdebindings has been built with support for Java and GTK.<br />
If you want to use these features use the following pacman commands:<br />
'pacman -S jdk'<br />
'pacman -S gtk'<br />
(This is not verified at the time of this writing)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Kdesdk:====<br />
<pre><br />
Kdesdk has been built with support for Subversion.<br />
If you want to use this feature use the following pacman command:<br />
'pacman -S subversion'<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Changing DPI settings for KDM:====<br />
<pre><br />
Changing the DPI settings for KDE can be a little daunting, but this<br />
will show you how to do it.<br />
First, as root, you need to open the /usr/share/config/kdm/kdmrc<br />
file and add ServerArgsLocal=-dpi 96 to the [X-:*-Core] section (Or<br />
what ever DPI you want).<br />
Then, you simply exit out and restart X (CTRL+ALT+BACKSPACE). <br />
Note, this only applies if you are using KDM. If you are not using KDE,<br />
then the file you want to edit is /usr/X11/bin/startx. You will see a <br />
line for defaultserverargs. Add "-dpi 96" (or what ever dpi you want) <br />
and restart X.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Bugs:====<br />
<pre><br />
If you think you found a bug, please verify that this bug also happens<br />
with a new created user, with a clean setup, some bugs happen due to<br />
misconfiguration in config files. If the new user doesn't show the bug, <br />
try to move the config files of your existing user.<br />
<br />
kde4 config files are usually located at: /home/$user/.kde4/share/config<br />
or if app specific at: /home/$user/.kde4/share/apps<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
'''Useful links:''' <BR><br />
Archlinux Bug Tracker: [http://bugs.archlinux.org] <BR><br />
KDE Homepage: [http://www.kde.org] <BR><br />
KDE Bug Tracker: [http://bugs.kde.org] <BR><br />
KDE WebSVN: [http://websvn.kde.org] <BR><br />
Control X Font DPI [http://process-of-elimination.net/index.php?title=Control_Font_DPI_in_X] <BR><br />
<br />
====About KDE package splitting:====<br />
[[KDEmod]] is a (community-based) modulated version of KDE4, which includes a number of UI enhancements. See the [[KDEmod]] wiki for more information.<br />
<br />
====About why do packages appear before official release:====<br />
<pre><br />
Packagers get the tarballs a week earlier then official release, to have time<br />
to build and fix last showstoppers while building.<br />
--> the packages are most time the final ones when they appear in arch repos,<br />
even before official release.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
====External links====<br />
* [http://archux.com/page/installing-and-setting-kde-3 Installing KDE 3 at archux.com]<br />
* [http://archux.com/page/installing-and-setting-kde-4 Installing KDE 4 at archux.com]</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=KDE&diff=48908KDE2008-09-06T01:15:02Z<p>Imagelife: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Desktop environments (English)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (English)]]<br />
<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|KDE}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Italiano|KDE (Italiano)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Czech|KDE (Česky)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|KDE(简体中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
==WELCOME TO ARCHLINUX KDE WIKI==<br />
<br />
===General Info:===<br />
<pre><br />
This document is based on kde 4.1!<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Where to get kde 4.1:====<br />
<pre><br />
kde4.1 is now located in Extra Repository<br />
Thanks for your feedback. Enjoy the new kde release.<br />
Have fun with the new features and please report problems.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
See this announcement for upgrade tips.<br />
* [http://archlinux.org/news/402/ kde4.1 Announcement - On The Road to KDE 4.1]<br />
<br />
See this thread for an announcement and the initial reactions to the move.<br />
* [http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=52271 Forum discussion]<br />
<br />
====Package upgrade:====<br />
<pre><br />
Update from kde3.5.9 to kde 4.1:<br />
pacman -S kde<br />
Answer "yes" to the package replacements prompts.<br />
<br />
Targets (20): kdelibs-4.1.0-4 kdeaccessibility-4.1.0-1 kdepimlibs-4.1.0-1 kdeadmin-4.1.0-1<br />
kdebase-runtime-4.1.0-2 kdebase-workspace-4.1.0-5 kdeartwork-4.1.0-1 kdebase-4.1.0-2<br />
kdeedu-4.1.0-1 kdegames-4.1.0-2 kdegraphics-4.1.0-3 kdemultimedia-4.1.0-1 libotr-3.2.0-1<br />
kdenetwork-4.1.0-2 kdepim-4.1.0-2 kdeplasma-addons-4.1.0-1 kdesdk-4.1.0-1<br />
kdetoys-4.1.0-1 kdeutils-4.1.0-1 kdewebdev-4.1.0-1<br />
<br />
Total Download Size: 314.00 MB<br />
Total Installed Size: 600.76 MB<br />
<br />
as of today's date of 8/7/2008<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
For those people who decide that kde4.1 is not yet "ready" for them, here is a forum thread about how to downgrade to a version of kde3.5 called kdemod3<br />
<br />
* [http://kdemod.ath.cx/bbs/viewtopic.php?id=892 kdemod3]<br />
<br />
====Known issues:====<br />
<pre><br />
The following was lifted from On The Road to KDE 4.1<br />
http://archlinux.org/news/402/<br />
<br />
Before you update you should read the following hints:<br />
<br />
* This update will NOT be smooth. Not all config files of the old KDE are<br />
compatible with 4.1. While the old are kept in ~/.kde the new ones are in<br />
~/.kde4. They won't be converted automagically. You could try to copy some<br />
files manually and see what happens. This might work for kmail, konqueror<br />
and others, but will break things for others. Maybe KDE will release a tool<br />
for doing this.<br />
<br />
* If you want to use the KDE desktop make sure you have kdebase-workspace<br />
installed, which includes the kdm, the taskbar etc.<br />
<br />
* if pacman wants to replace packages: Answer YES :-)<br />
<br />
* At the time of writing not all KDE-based packages have been rebuilt for use<br />
with new KDE or "legacy libs". If you cannot wait, installing kdelibs3<br />
should make them work. But this will be fixed in the repos before things are<br />
pushed to [extra] of course.<br />
<br />
* If you start KDM with inittab make sure to change its path from /opt/kde to<br />
/usr<br />
<br />
* Don't force the upgrade ( -f); report a bug instead<br />
<br />
* You might want to (re)move your ~/Desktop folder if you don't like that<br />
folder view<br />
<br />
* The first login takes a while; don't worry about this. It's creating new<br />
configs etc.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
* If you use an nvidia card, please read<br />
[http://techbase.kde.org/User:Lemma/GPU-Performance Lemma/GPU-Performance]<br><br />
[http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/KDEmod#How_to_get_decent_performance_on_KDE_4_using_a_NVIDIA_graphics_card How to get decent performance on KDE 4 using a NVIDIA graphics card]<br />
<br />
* For a short overview about the new features read<br />
[http://www.kde.org/announcements/4.1/ kde4.1 Announcement]<br />
<br />
====KDEBASE====<br />
''' '''Samba/Windows support:<br />
<pre><br />
If you want to have access to Windows services<br />
'pacman -S samba'.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''Java support:<br />
<pre><br />
If you want to have Java support:<br />
'pacman -S jre'<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''Printing support:<br />
<pre><br />
If you want to have printing support:<br />
'pacman -S <enteryourfavouriteprintingsystemhere>'<br />
(This is not verified at the time of this writing)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''Font Defaults:<br />
<pre><br />
If you experience problems with the default fonts setting, e.g.<br />
that special characters for your language do not appear, try to<br />
set the fonts in 'System Settings' to a font which supports that characters<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''KDM Xserver file:<br />
<pre><br />
KDM<br />
Reference file /usr/share/config/kdm/kdmrc<br />
See /usr/share/doc/HTML/en/kdm/kdmrc-ref.docbook for all options<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''Dbus/Hal Stuff:<br />
<pre><br />
Please add 'dbus' 'hal' to rc.conf daemon's list <br />
for full media (works for me)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
''' '''GPG/SSH Stuff:<br />
<pre><br />
To disable gpg-agent and/or ssh-agent in KDE sessions,<br />
edit '/usr/env/agent-startup.sh' and<br />
'/usr/shutdown/agent-shutdown.sh'.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Kdebindings:====<br />
<pre><br />
Kdebindings has been built with support for Java and GTK.<br />
If you want to use these features use the following pacman commands:<br />
'pacman -S jdk'<br />
'pacman -S gtk'<br />
(This is not verified at the time of this writing)<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Kdesdk:====<br />
<pre><br />
Kdesdk has been built with support for Subversion.<br />
If you want to use this feature use the following pacman command:<br />
'pacman -S subversion'<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Changing DPI settings for KDM:====<br />
<pre><br />
Changing the DPI settings for KDE can be a little daunting, but this<br />
will show you how to do it.<br />
First, as root, you need to open the /usr/share/config/kdm/kdmrc<br />
file and add ServerArgsLocal=-dpi 96 to the [X-:*-Core] section (Or<br />
what ever DPI you want).<br />
Then, you simply exit out and restart X (CTRL+ALT+BACKSPACE). <br />
Note, this only applies if you are using KDM. If you are not using KDE,<br />
then the file you want to edit is /usr/X11/bin/startx. You will see a <br />
line for defaultserverargs. Add "-dpi 96" (or what ever dpi you want) <br />
and restart X.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
====Bugs:====<br />
<pre><br />
If you think you found a bug, please verify that this bug also happens<br />
with a new created user, with a clean setup, some bugs happen due to<br />
misconfiguration in config files. If the new user doesn't show the bug, <br />
try to move the config files of your existing user.<br />
<br />
kde4 config files are usually located at: /home/$user/.kde4/share/config<br />
or if app specific at: /home/$user/.kde4/share/apps<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
'''Useful links:''' <BR><br />
Archlinux Bug Tracker: [http://bugs.archlinux.org] <BR><br />
KDE Homepage: [http://www.kde.org] <BR><br />
KDE Bug Tracker: [http://bugs.kde.org] <BR><br />
KDE WebSVN: [http://websvn.kde.org] <BR><br />
Control X Font DPI [http://process-of-elimination.net/index.php?title=Control_Font_DPI_in_X] <BR><br />
<br />
====About KDE package splitting:====<br />
[[KDEmod]] is a (community-based) modulated version of KDE4, which includes a number of UI enhancements. See the [[KDEmod]] wiki for more information.<br />
<br />
====About why do packages appear before official release:====<br />
<pre><br />
Packagers get the tarballs a week earlier then official release, to have time<br />
to build and fix last showstoppers while building.<br />
--> the packages are most time the final ones when they appear in arch repos,<br />
even before official release.<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
<br />
====External links====<br />
* [http://archux.com/page/installing-and-setting-kde-3 Installing KDE 3 at archux.com]<br />
* [http://archux.com/page/installing-and-setting-kde-4 Installing KDE 4 at archux.com]</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Openbox_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48907Openbox (简体中文)2008-09-06T01:12:59Z<p>Imagelife: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:简体中文]]<br />
<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|Openbox}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Русский|Openbox (Русский)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Español|Openbox (Español)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|Openbox(简体中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
= 说明 =<br />
<br />
Openbox 是一个轻量级、可高度定制以及支持大量标准的窗口管理器。Its features are well-documented at the [http://icculus.org/openbox/ official website]. 这篇文章是关于在 Arch Linux 下 运行 Openbox。<br />
<br />
= 安装 =<br />
Openbox 可以从 Archlinux 的仓库里得到:<br />
# pacman -S openbox<br />
<br />
一旦安装完毕, pacman 会指导你拷贝默认 <tt>menu.xml</tt> & <tt>rc.xml</tt> 配置文件到 <tt>~/.config/openbox/</tt> 目录下, 示例如下:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir -p ~/.config/openbox/<br />
$ cp /etc/xdg/openbox/rc.xml ~/.config/openbox/rc.xml<br />
$ cp /etc/xdg/openbox/menu.xml ~/.config/openbox/menu.xml<br />
'''''Note:''' do this as a regular user, not as root.''<br />
<br />
<tt>rc.xml</tt> 是 Openbox 的核心配置文件。它一般负责快捷键,主题,虚拟桌面和其他的作用。<br />
<br />
<tt>menu.xml</tt> controls the Openbox application menu that appears when you click on your desktop. The default items are pretty sparse, but it's very easy to modify the menu structure to suit your needs. See the menu section below for more details, or visit the [http://icculus.org/openbox/ Openbox website].<br />
<br />
= 让我们开始吧 =<br />
<br />
== 使用 Openbox ==<br />
To run Openbox on its own, simply add the following to the bottom of ~/.xinitrc:<br />
exec openbox-session<br />
<br />
== 在GNOME中使用Openbox ==<br />
#如果你使用GDM,请选择"GNOME/Openbox"登录选项<br />
#如果你使用startx,添加'''exec openbox-gnome-session''' 至 ~/.xinitrc中<br />
#在shell中:<br />
xinit /usr/bin/openbox-gnome-session<br />
<br />
== 在KDE中使用Openbox ==<br />
# 如果你使用GDM,请选择"KDE/Openbox"登录选项<br />
# 如果你使用startx,添加exec openbox-kde-session 至 ~/.xinitrc中<br />
# 在shell中:<br />
$ xinit /usr/bin/openbox-kde-session<br />
<br />
== 在Xfce4中使用Openbox ==<br />
<br />
Log into a normal Xfce4 session. From your terminal of choice, do:<br />
<br />
$ killall xfwm4 ; openbox & exit<br />
<br />
This will kill xfwm4, run Openbox, and close the terminal. <br />
<br />
Log out, making sure to check the "Save session for future logins" checkbox.<br />
<br />
On next login, Xfce4 will use Openbox as its WM.<br />
<br />
To be able to exit the session using xfce4-session, open your file ~/.config/openbox/menu.xml (if it isn't there, copy it from /etc/xdg/openbox/menu.xml). <br />
<br />
Look for the entry:<br />
<br />
<item label="Exit Openbox"><br />
<action name="Exit"><br />
<prompt>yes</prompt><br />
</action><br />
</item><br />
<br />
and change it to:<br />
<br />
<item label="Exit Openbox"><br />
<action name="Exit"><br />
<prompt>yes</prompt><br />
<command>xfce4-session-logout</command><br />
</action><br />
</item><br />
<br />
Otherwise, using the "Exit" entry of the root-menu will cause Openbox to terminate its execution, leaving you without a window manager.<br />
<br />
If you have an issue changing between virtual desktops with the mouse wheel skipping over virtual desktops, open your ~/.config/openbox/rc.xml file and move the mouse binds with actions "DesktopPrevious" and "DesktopNext" from the context "Desktop" to the context "Root" (you may need to define the Root context).<br />
<br />
If you want to use the Openbox root-menu instead of Xfce's, you may terminate Xfdesktop by running the following command in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ xfdesktop --quit<br />
<br />
However, Xfdesktop manages the wallpaper and desktop icons, requiring you to use other utilities, such as ROX, for these functions.<br />
<br />
(When terminating Xfdesktop, the above issue with the virtual desktops is no longer a problem.)<br />
<br />
= 配置 =<br />
<br />
== 偏好 ==<br />
Currently, there are two options for configuring the core Openbox preferences; manually edit the '''rc.xml''', or use the ObConf tool.<br />
<br />
=== 手动设定偏好 ===<br />
<br />
To configure Openbox manually, simply edit '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml''' with your favourite text editor. The config file provides plenty of comments throughout, and [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Contents full documentation] is available at the official website.<br />
<br />
=== 使用ObConf设定偏好 ===<br />
<br />
[http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/ObConf:About ObConf] is GUI-based Openbox configuration tool, which can be used to set most preferences including themes, virtual desktops, window properties and desktop margins.<br />
<br />
To install ObConf, run:<br />
# pacman -S obconf<br />
<br />
'''''Note:''''' ObConf cannot be used to configure keyboard shortcuts and some other advanced features. For these modifications, you must edit '''rc.xml''' manually (see above.)<br />
<br />
== 菜单管理 ==<br />
<br />
The default Openbox menu includes a variety of applications to get you started, but you'll probably want to customize this at some point. There are a number of ways to do so:<br />
<br />
=== 手动 ===<br />
Similar to the '''rc.xml''' file, you can edit '''~/.config/openbox/menu.xml''' with your favourite text editor. Although many of the settings are self-explanatory, [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Menus full documentation] is available.<br />
<br />
=== MenuMaker ===<br />
[http://menumaker.sourceforge.net/ MenuMaker] is a powerful tool that creates XML-based menus for a variety of Window Managers, including Openbox. MenuMaker will search your computer for executable programs and create an XML menu based on the results. It can be configured to exclude Legacy X, GNOME, KDE, or Xfce applications if the user desires.<br />
<br />
MenuMaker is available from the [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=10894 AUR]. <br />
<br />
Once installed, you can generate a complete menu by running:<br />
$ mmaker -v OpenBox3<br />
<br />
By default, MenuMaker will not overwrite an existing menu.xml. To do so, run it with the -f (force) argument:<br />
<br />
$ mmaker -vf OpenBox3<br />
<br />
To see a full list of options, run '''mmaker --help'''<br />
<br />
This will give you a pretty thorough menu. Now you can modify the menu.xml by hand, or simply regenerate the list whenever you install new software.<br />
<br />
=== Obmenu ===<br />
Obmenu is a GUI-based menu editor for Openbox. For those who don't enjoy editing XML source code, this is probably the best option for you.<br />
<br />
It is available in the community repository:<br />
# pacman -S obmenu<br />
<br />
Once installed, simply run '''obmenu''' and add or remove the desired applications.<br />
<br />
==== obm-xdg ====<br />
<tt>obm-xdg</tt> is a command-line tool that comes with Obmenu. It can generate a categorized sub-menu of installed GTK/GNOME applications.<br />
<br />
To use obm-xdg, add the following line to '''~/.config/openbox/menu.xml''':<br />
<br />
<menu execute="obm-xdg" id="xdg-menu" label="xdg"/><br />
<br />
Then run '''openbox --reconfigure''' to refresh the Openbox menu. You should now see a sub-menu labeled '''xdg''' in your menu.<br />
<br />
'''''NOTE:''' If you do not have GNOME installed, then you need to install '''gnome-menus''' package for obm-xdg to work.''<br />
<br />
== Startup Programs ==<br />
Openbox features support for running programs at startup. This is provided by the "openbox-session" command.<br />
<br />
There are two ways to enable autostart:<br />
# If you use startx to log into your X session, change the line that executes ''openbox'' to execute '''openbox-session''' instead.<br />
# If you log in with GDM/KDM, then select the ''Openbox'' session and it will automatically use autostart.<br />
<br />
Startup programs are managed in '''~/.config/openbox/autostart.sh'''. Full instructions and best practices for how to do this are available at the [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Autostart Openbox website].<br />
<br />
== Per-application settings ==<br />
Openbox features per-application settings, allowing you to define rules for your programs. For example, you can:<br />
* load your web browser on a certain desktop<br />
* load your terminal without a window border<br />
* load your torrent client at a certain position on your screen<br />
<br />
These are defined in '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml'''. As you might expect, the instructions are well-documented within the file itself. Full details can also be found here: http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Applications<br />
<br />
== 主题和外观 ==<br />
With the exception of the Openbox Themes topic, the following section is intended for users who have configured Openbox to run as a standalone desktop, without the assistance of GNOME, KDE or Xfce.<br />
<br />
=== Openbox 主题 ===<br />
Openbox themes control the appearance of window borders, including the titlebar and titlebar buttons. They also determine the appearance of the application menu and on-screen display (OSD). <br />
<br />
Additional themes are available from the standard repositories:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S openbox-themes<br />
<br />
This package is by no means definitive. You can download more themes at websites such as:<br />
*[http://www.box-look.org/index.php?xcontentmode=7402 box-look.org]<br />
*[http://customize.org/browse/tags/openbox customize.org]<br />
*http://www.minuslab.net/themes/<br />
*http://celo.wordpress.com/themes/<br />
*http://vault.openmonkey.com/pages/openbox<br />
*http://hewphoria.com/?p=submission&type=theme&cat=7<br />
<br />
Downloaded themes should be extracted to '''~/.themes''' and can be installed or selected with the [[Openbox#Preferences|ObConf]] tool.<br />
<br />
Creating new themes is fairly easy and again [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Themes well-documented].<br />
<br />
=== 桌面墙纸 ===<br />
<br />
Openbox itself does not include a way to change the wallpaper. This can be done easily with programs like [[Feh]] or [[Nitrogen]]. Other options include ImageMagick, hsetroot and xsetbg.<br />
<br />
=== GTK 主题 ===<br />
===== GTK2/GTK+ =====<br />
GTK+ themes can be managed easily with the ''[[LXDE | lxappearance]]'', ''gtk-chtheme'', or ''switch2'' utilities. To install, run:<br />
# pacman -S lxappearance<br />
and/or<br />
# pacman -S gtk-chtheme<br />
and/or<br />
# pacman -S gtk-theme-switch2<br />
<br />
Now you can simply run '''lxappearance''', '''gtk-chtheme''' or '''switch2''' to set the desired theme.<br />
<br />
===== GTK1 =====<br />
For legacy GTK1 themes, install the '''gtk-theme-switch''' package:<br />
# pacman -S gtk-theme-switch<br />
Then run '''''switch''''' to select a desired theme.<br />
<br />
=== GTK 字体 ===<br />
===== 手动编辑配置文件 =====<br />
If you want to change the type and size of your fonts, add the following to '''~/.gtkrc.mine''':<br />
style "user-font"<br />
{<br />
font_name = "[font-name] [size]"<br />
}<br />
widget_class "*" style "user-font"<br />
gtk-font-name = "[font-name] [size]"<br />
<br />
where [font-name] [size] is the desired font and point size. For example:<br />
style "user-font"<br />
{<br />
font_name = "DejaVu Sans 8"<br />
}<br />
widget_class "*" style "user-font"<br />
gtk-font-name = "DejaVu Sans 8"<br />
<br />
Both <tt>font_name</tt> and <tt>gtk-font-name</tt> fields are required for backwards compatibility.<br />
===== 使用GUI工具 =====<br />
You can use '''gtk-chtheme''' or '''lxappearance''' to set GTK font settings. Please refer to the above section.<br />
<br />
=== GTK 图标 ===<br />
First, extract the desired icon theme to '''/usr/share/icons''' (system-wide access) or '''~/.icons''' (local user access), then:<br />
===== Manually edit the config file =====<br />
Add the following to ~/.gtkrc.mine: <br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = "[name-of-icon-theme]"<br />
<br />
where [name-of-icon-theme] is the name of the icon theme directory. For example:<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = "Tango"<br />
<br />
Ensure ~/.gtkrc-2.0 is configured to parse ~/.gtkrc.mine:<br />
<br />
# ~/.gtkrc-2.0<br />
# -- THEME AUTO-WRITTEN DO NOT EDIT<br />
include "/usr/share/themes/Rezlooks-Gilouche/gtk-2.0/gtkrc"<br />
include "/home/username/.gtkrc.mine"<br />
# -- THEME AUTO-WRITTEN DO NOT EDIT<br />
===== Use GUI tools =====<br />
You can use '''lxappearance''' to choose GTK icon themes. Please refer to the above section.<br />
<br />
=== Mouse cursor themes ===<br />
Extract the desired Xcursor theme to either '''/usr/share/icons''' (system-wide access) or '''~/.icons''' (local user access).<br />
<br />
Add this to ~/.Xdefaults:<br />
Xcursor.theme: [name-of-cursor-theme]<br />
where [name-of-cursor-theme] is the name of the cursor theme directory. For example:<br />
Xcursor.theme: Vanilla-DMZ-AA<br />
To change the size:<br />
Xcursor.size: [size]<br />
<br />
=== 桌面图标 ===<br />
Openbox does not provide a means to display icons on the desktop. PcmanFM, [http://rox.sourceforge.net ROX], [http://idesk.sourceforge.net iDesk], or even Nautilus (and the gnome-settings-daemon) can provide this function. <br />
<br />
ROX and PCmanFM have the additional advantage of being lightweight file managers.<br />
<br />
= Tips & Tricks =<br />
<br />
== 推荐程序 == <br />
<br />
=== 登录管理器 ===<br />
[http://slim.berlios.de/ SLiM] provides a lightweight and elegant graphical login solution for standalone Openbox configurations. Refer to Arch's [[SLiM]] wiki for detailed instructions.<br />
<br />
=== Composite Desktop ===<br />
[[Xcompmgr]] is a lightweight composite manager capable of rendering drop shadows, fading and simple window transparency within Openbox and other window managers.<br />
<br />
=== 应用程序启动器 ===<br />
==== dmenu ====<br />
Set-up dmenu as described in the [[dmenu]] wiki article.<br />
<br />
Then, add the following entry to the <keyboard> section '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml''' to enable a shortcut to launch dmenu:<br />
<keybind key="W-p"><br />
<action name="Execute"><br />
<command>~/path/to/your/dmenu-script</command><br />
</action><br />
</keybind><br />
<br />
==== Gmrun ====<br />
[http://sourceforge.net/projects/gmrun gmrun] provides an excellent Run dialog box, similar to the Alt+F2 features found in Gnome and KDE:<br />
pacman -S gmrun<br />
Add the following entry to the <keyboard> section '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml''' to enable Alt+F2 functionality:<br />
<keybind key="A-F2"><br />
<action name="execute"><execute>gmrun</execute></action><br />
</keybind><br />
<br />
=== 文件管理器 ===<br />
<br />
There are many possibilities, but the most popular lightweight file managers are:<br />
* [http://thunar.xfce.org Thunar]. Thunar supports auto-mount features and other plugins. <br />
pacman -S thunar<br />
Thunar may be started in daemon mode for tighter desktop integration. For instance, inserting a USB pendrive will invoke a Thunar window to popup, with the drive contents listed in the window. <br />
<br />
To start Thunar in daemon mode, edit ~/.config/openbox/autostart.sh and add:<br />
thunar --daemon &<br />
<br />
* [http://rox.sourceforge.net ROX] (ROX provides desktop icons)<br />
pacman -S rox<br />
* [http://pcmanfm.sourceforge.net PCMan] (pcmanfm also provides desktop icons)<br />
pacman -S pcmanfm<br />
For even lighter options, consider [http://www.obsession.se/gentoo/ Gentoo] or [http://emelfm.sourceforge.net/ emelFM], both of which use the familiar 'Midnight Commander' two pane layout (these two require gtk 1.2.x).<br />
<br />
Of course, you can also use GNOME's Nautilus. Although slower than the above solutions, it has the additional advantage of VFS support (e.g. remote SSH, FTP and Samba connections).<br />
<br />
=== Clipboard Managers and copy/paste===<br />
You may wish to install a clipboard manager for feature rich copy/paste ability. '''xfce4-clipman-plugin, parcellite,''' or '''glipper-old''' may be installed via pacman. Add your choice to autostart.sh. From the terminal, Ctrl+Insert as copy and Shift+Insert as paste generally works as well. You may also copy from terminal with Ctrl+Shift+C, and paste with mouse middle click.<br />
=== Panels, Trays, and Pagers ===<br />
<br />
There are quite a lot of utilities available that provide a panel (taskbar), system tray, and pager to Openbox. The most common are:<br />
<br />
'''Panels'''<br />
* [http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/PyPanel PyPanel]<br />
* [http://nsf.110mb.com/bmpanel/ bmpanel]<br />
* [http://code.google.com/p/ttm/ Tint]<br />
* [http://sourceforge.net/projects/lxpanel LXPanel]<br />
* [http://fbpanel.sourceforge.net fbpanel]<br />
* [http://perlpanel.org/ PerlPanel]<br />
* [http://www.chatjunkies.org/fspanel/ fspanel]<br />
* [http://www.xfce.org/projects/xfce4-panel/ xfce4-panel]<br />
* [http://developer.gnome.org/arch/gnome/corecomponents/panel/ gnome-panel]<br />
* [http://code.google.com/p/avant-window-navigator/ avant-window-navigator]<br />
* [http://developer.berlios.de/projects/cairo-dock/ cairo-dock]<br />
<br />
'''Trays'''<br />
* [http://stalonetray.sourceforge.net/ Stalonetray]<br />
* [http://download.gna.org/fvwm-crystal/trayer/1.0/ Trayer]<br />
<br />
'''Pagers'''<br />
* [http://projects.l3ib.org/trac/visibility Visibility]<br />
* [http://bbtools.sourceforge.net/ bbpager]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=970 netwmpager]<br />
* [http://useperl.ru/ipager/index.en.html IPager]<br />
<br />
Make your choice and add it to your startup file.<br />
<br />
== Get xprop values for per-app settings quickly ==<br />
If you use per-application settings frequently, you might find this bash alias handy:<br />
<br />
alias xp='xprop | grep "WM_WINDOW_ROLE\|WM_CLASS" && echo "WM_CLASS(STRING) = \"NAME\", \"CLASS\""'<br />
<br />
To use, run '''xp''' and click on the running program that you'd like to define with per-app settings. The result will display only the info that Openbox requires, namely the WM_WINDOW_ROLE and WM_CLASS (name and class) values:<br />
<br />
[thayer@dublin:~] $ xp<br />
WM_WINDOW_ROLE(STRING) = "roster"<br />
WM_CLASS(STRING) = "gajim.py", "Gajim.py"<br />
WM_CLASS(STRING) = "NAME", "CLASS"<br />
<br />
== Linking the menu to a command ==<br />
Some people would want to link the Openbox main menu, or any other, to a command. This is useful for creating a menu button in a panel, for example. Although Openbox doesn't support this, a very simple script , xdotool, can simulate a keypress by running a command. Xdotool is available on AUR [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?do_Details=1&ID=14789&O=0&L=0&C=0&K=xdotool&SB=n&SO=a&PP=25&do_MyPackages=0&do_Orphans=0&SeB=nd here]. To use it, simply add the following code to the <keyboard> section of your rc.xml:<br />
<keybind key="A-C-q"><br />
<action name="ShowMenu"><br />
<menu>root-menu</menu><br />
</action><br />
</keybind><br />
Restart/reconfigure Openbox. You can now magically summon your menu at your cursor position by running the following command:<br />
# xdotool key ctrl+alt+q<br />
Of course, you can change the shortcut to your liking.<br />
<br />
== Urxvt in the background == <br />
With Openbox, running a terminal as desktop background is easy. You won't need '''devilspie''' here.<br />
<br />
First you must enable transparency, open your '''.Xdefaults''' file (if it doesn't exist yet, create it in your home folder).<br />
URxvt*transparent:true<br />
URxvt*scrollBar:false<br />
URxvt*geometry:124x24 #I don't use the whole screen, if you want a full screen term don't bother with this and see below.<br />
URxvt*borderLess:true<br />
URxvt*foreground:Black #Font color. My wallpaper is White, you may wish to change this to White.<br />
<br />
Then edit your '''.config/openbox/rc.xml''' file :<br />
<application name="urxvt"><br />
<decor>no</decor><br />
<focus>yes</focus><br />
<position><br />
<x>center</x><br />
<y>20</y><br />
</position><br />
<layer>below</layer><br />
<desktop>all</desktop><br />
<maximized>true</maximized> #Only if you want a full size terminal.<br />
</application><br />
<br />
The ''magic'' comes from the '''<layer>below</layer>''' line, which place the application under all others. Here Urxvt is displayed on all desktops, change it to your convenience.<br />
<br />
= 附加资源 =<br />
* [http://icculus.org/openbox/ Openbox Website] - The official website<br />
* [http://planetob.openmonkey.com/ Planet Openbox] - Openbox news portal<br />
* [http://www.box-look.org/ Box-Look.org] - A good resource for themes and related artwork<br />
* [http://archux.com/page/application-recommendations Application recommendations]</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Yaourt_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48906Yaourt (简体中文)2008-09-06T01:11:41Z<p>Imagelife: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:简体中文]]<br />
===安装 [http://archlinux.fr/yaourt-en# Yaourt]===<br />
===Install [http://archlinux.fr/yaourt-en# Yaourt]===<br />
'''Y'''et '''A'''n'''O'''ther '''U'''ser '''R'''epository '''T'''ool.Yaourt is a community-contributed wrapper for pacman which adds seamless access to the [[AUR]], allowing and automating package compilation and installation from your choice of the 8000+ PKGBUILDs in the [[AUR]], in addition to the many thousands of available Arch binary packages. Yaourt uses the same exact syntax as pacman, which saves you from relearning an entirely new method of system maintenance, but also adds new options. Yaourt expands the power and simplicity of pacman by adding even more useful features and provides pleasing, colorized output, interactive search mode, and much more. You will almost certainly want this.<br />
<br />
===PKGBUILD 安装===<br />
<br />
传统安装Yaourt的方式是通过AUR,用这种方式安装Yaourt,你就有机会了解到<br />
AUR(和PKGBUILD)是如何工作的。<br />
<br />
<br />
打开网页浏览器并访问[http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=5863 yaourt AUR page]<br />
<br />
下载Yaourt的tarball包。 [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages/yaourt/yaourt.tar.gz tarball]<br />
<br />
解压tarball<br />
<br />
tar zxvf yaourt.tar.gz<br />
<br />
切换至新的目录<br />
<br />
cd yaourt<br />
<br />
这时候;'''确认您已经检查了PKGBUILD和yaourt.intall 的内容!'''<br />
别担心,它们并不是很复杂,仅仅是看一下而已。如果你觉得某些可疑的东西,<br />
到irc上或者论坛上询问一下。<br />
<br />
more yaourt.install<br />
more PKGBUILD<br />
<br />
如果一切正常,我们已经准备好来构建软件包了。<br />
<br />
makepkg PKGBUILD<br />
<br />
这一过程结束后,您讲会看到一些新的文件和目录。您应该对那些以*.pkg.tar.gz的后缀名的文件感兴趣(在这特定的情况下;yaourt-0.9.2-i686.pkg.tar.gz)<br />
<br />
<br />
现在是时候用pacman来安装yaourt了。''一定要用实际的软件包名字,而不是<br />
拷贝这如下一行“<br />
<br />
pacman -U yaourt-0.9.2-i686.pkg.tar.gz<br />
<br />
恭喜!您已经成功的安装了Yaourt!请记住,对于大多数的AUR里面的PKGBUILDS,<br />
您都可以用类似上面的方式来安装。<br />
<br />
<br />
请访问 [http://archlinux.fr/yaourt-en# yaourt] man page 以获取更多信息。<br />
<br />
===简便的安装===<br />
<br />
最简单安装Yaourt的方式是添加Yaourt源至您的<br />
/etc/pacman.conf:<br />
<br />
i686架构:<br />
[archlinuxfr]<br />
Server = http://repo.archlinux.fr/i686<br />
x86-64架构:<br />
[archlinuxfr]<br />
Server = http://repo.archlinux.fr/x86_64<br />
<br />
<br />
同步并安装:<br />
pacman -Sy yaourt<br />
<br />
如果您乐意,您可以创建自己的命令的别名通过添加至~/.bashrc:<br />
用nano打开~/.bashrc(或者用其他编辑器)。添加如下别名:<br />
<br />
alias p="pacman"<br />
alias y="yaourt"<br />
保存并使用source命令<br />
<br />
source ~/.bashrc</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=MPlayer_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48905MPlayer (简体中文)2008-09-06T01:10:54Z<p>Imagelife: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:简体中文]]<br />
'''MPlayer'''在Linux下是如此的流行的电影播放器。Mplayer支持大量的视频和音频格式,因此可以称为万能播放器。<br />
甚至几乎大部分的人用它来观看视频。<br />
<br />
==安装==<br />
以root身份,在shell中输入 <code>pacman -S mplayer</code>。<br />
<br />
==附加的安装提示==<br />
<br />
===更多的codecs===<br />
为了能得到播放更多的MPlayer支持的格式,你应该考虑安装<code>codecs</code>软件包。<br />
它支持播放Windows codecs, Real9 and QuickTime (.mov)。安装codecs:<br />
pacman -S codecs<br />
<br />
===前端/GUIs===<br />
如果你真的想要使用MPlayer的GUI的话,MPlayer有不多的GUIs。<br />
<code>smplayer</code> 软件包是其中的一个,<code>smplayer-themes</code>软件包为<br />
smplayer提供主题。<br />
<br />
<br />
===浏览器整合===<br />
如果你想在你喜爱的浏览器中通过MPlayer来观看视频,试试下面的方法吧:<br />
<br />
====Firefox====<br />
<code>pacman -S mplayer-plugin</code><br />
<br />
====Konqueror====<br />
<code>pacman -S kmplayer</code> (also provides a complete frontend to MPlayer.)<br />
<br />
==用法==<br />
<br />
===配置===<br />
系统级的配置文件位于<code>/usr/local/etc/mplayer/mplayer.conf</code>,<br />
然而用户级的配置文件位于<code>~/.mplayer/config</code>。<br />
<br />
===观看流媒体===<br />
If you want to play a video stream (e.g *.asx link) use <code>mplayer -playlist linktostream.asx</code> to play the stream as these are playlists of streams and won't be playable omitting the -playlist option.<br />
<br />
===快捷键===<br />
===Keybindings===<br />
:''这是最常用的MPlayer的快捷键。''<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! width=50 align=left | Key<br />
! align=left | Description<br />
|-<br />
| p<br />
| Toggle pause/play.<br />
|-<br />
| Space<br />
| Toggle pause/play.<br />
|-<br />
| Left<br />
| Seek backward ten seconds.<br />
|-<br />
| Right<br />
| Seek forward ten seconds.<br />
|-<br />
| Down<br />
| Seek backward one minute.<br />
|-<br />
| Up<br />
| Seek forward one minute.<br />
|-<br />
| <<br />
| Go back in the playlist.<br />
|-<br />
| ><br />
| Go forward in the playlist.<br />
|-<br />
| m<br />
| Mute the sound.<br />
|-<br />
| 0<br />
| Volume up.<br />
|-<br />
| 9<br />
| Volume down.<br />
|-<br />
| f<br />
| Toggle fullscreen mode.<br />
|-<br />
| o<br />
| Toggle OSD state.<br />
|-<br />
| j<br />
| Toggle subtitle visibility.<br />
|-<br />
| <code>I</code><br />
| Show filename.<br />
|-<br />
| 1, 2<br />
| Adjust contrast.<br />
|-<br />
| 3, 4<br />
| Adjust brightness.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==额外的链接==<br />
* [http://www.mplayerhq.hu/ MPlayer官方网站]</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=MPlayer_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48903MPlayer (简体中文)2008-09-06T01:03:33Z<p>Imagelife: /* 更多的codecs */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''MPlayer'''在Linux下是如此的流行的电影播放器。Mplayer支持大量的视频和音频格式,因此可以称为万能播放器。<br />
甚至几乎大部分的人用它来观看视频。<br />
<br />
==安装==<br />
以root身份,在shell中输入 <code>pacman -S mplayer</code>。<br />
<br />
==附加的安装提示==<br />
<br />
===更多的codecs===<br />
为了能得到播放更多的MPlayer支持的格式,你应该考虑安装<code>codecs</code>软件包。<br />
它支持播放Windows codecs, Real9 and QuickTime (.mov)。安装codecs:<br />
pacman -S codecs<br />
<br />
===前端/GUIs===<br />
如果你真的想要使用MPlayer的GUI的话,MPlayer有不多的GUIs。<br />
<code>smplayer</code> 软件包是其中的一个,<code>smplayer-themes</code>软件包为<br />
smplayer提供主题。<br />
<br />
<br />
===浏览器整合===<br />
如果你想在你喜爱的浏览器中通过MPlayer来观看视频,试试下面的方法吧:<br />
<br />
====Firefox====<br />
<code>pacman -S mplayer-plugin</code><br />
<br />
====Konqueror====<br />
<code>pacman -S kmplayer</code> (also provides a complete frontend to MPlayer.)<br />
<br />
==用法==<br />
<br />
===配置===<br />
系统级的配置文件位于<code>/usr/local/etc/mplayer/mplayer.conf</code>,<br />
然而用户级的配置文件位于<code>~/.mplayer/config</code>。<br />
<br />
===观看流媒体===<br />
If you want to play a video stream (e.g *.asx link) use <code>mplayer -playlist linktostream.asx</code> to play the stream as these are playlists of streams and won't be playable omitting the -playlist option.<br />
<br />
===快捷键===<br />
===Keybindings===<br />
:''这是最常用的MPlayer的快捷键。''<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! width=50 align=left | Key<br />
! align=left | Description<br />
|-<br />
| p<br />
| Toggle pause/play.<br />
|-<br />
| Space<br />
| Toggle pause/play.<br />
|-<br />
| Left<br />
| Seek backward ten seconds.<br />
|-<br />
| Right<br />
| Seek forward ten seconds.<br />
|-<br />
| Down<br />
| Seek backward one minute.<br />
|-<br />
| Up<br />
| Seek forward one minute.<br />
|-<br />
| <<br />
| Go back in the playlist.<br />
|-<br />
| ><br />
| Go forward in the playlist.<br />
|-<br />
| m<br />
| Mute the sound.<br />
|-<br />
| 0<br />
| Volume up.<br />
|-<br />
| 9<br />
| Volume down.<br />
|-<br />
| f<br />
| Toggle fullscreen mode.<br />
|-<br />
| o<br />
| Toggle OSD state.<br />
|-<br />
| j<br />
| Toggle subtitle visibility.<br />
|-<br />
| <code>I</code><br />
| Show filename.<br />
|-<br />
| 1, 2<br />
| Adjust contrast.<br />
|-<br />
| 3, 4<br />
| Adjust brightness.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==额外的链接==<br />
* [http://www.mplayerhq.hu/ MPlayer官方网站]</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=MPlayer_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48902MPlayer (简体中文)2008-09-06T01:03:20Z<p>Imagelife: /* 更多的codecs */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''MPlayer'''在Linux下是如此的流行的电影播放器。Mplayer支持大量的视频和音频格式,因此可以称为万能播放器。<br />
甚至几乎大部分的人用它来观看视频。<br />
<br />
==安装==<br />
以root身份,在shell中输入 <code>pacman -S mplayer</code>。<br />
<br />
==附加的安装提示==<br />
<br />
===更多的codecs===<br />
为了能得到播放更多的MPlayer支持的格式,你应该考虑安装<code>codecs</code>软件包。<br />
它支持播放Windows codecs, Real9 and QuickTime (.mov)。安装codecs:<br />
pacman -S codecs and you're all set.<br />
<br />
===前端/GUIs===<br />
如果你真的想要使用MPlayer的GUI的话,MPlayer有不多的GUIs。<br />
<code>smplayer</code> 软件包是其中的一个,<code>smplayer-themes</code>软件包为<br />
smplayer提供主题。<br />
<br />
<br />
===浏览器整合===<br />
如果你想在你喜爱的浏览器中通过MPlayer来观看视频,试试下面的方法吧:<br />
<br />
====Firefox====<br />
<code>pacman -S mplayer-plugin</code><br />
<br />
====Konqueror====<br />
<code>pacman -S kmplayer</code> (also provides a complete frontend to MPlayer.)<br />
<br />
==用法==<br />
<br />
===配置===<br />
系统级的配置文件位于<code>/usr/local/etc/mplayer/mplayer.conf</code>,<br />
然而用户级的配置文件位于<code>~/.mplayer/config</code>。<br />
<br />
===观看流媒体===<br />
If you want to play a video stream (e.g *.asx link) use <code>mplayer -playlist linktostream.asx</code> to play the stream as these are playlists of streams and won't be playable omitting the -playlist option.<br />
<br />
===快捷键===<br />
===Keybindings===<br />
:''这是最常用的MPlayer的快捷键。''<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! width=50 align=left | Key<br />
! align=left | Description<br />
|-<br />
| p<br />
| Toggle pause/play.<br />
|-<br />
| Space<br />
| Toggle pause/play.<br />
|-<br />
| Left<br />
| Seek backward ten seconds.<br />
|-<br />
| Right<br />
| Seek forward ten seconds.<br />
|-<br />
| Down<br />
| Seek backward one minute.<br />
|-<br />
| Up<br />
| Seek forward one minute.<br />
|-<br />
| <<br />
| Go back in the playlist.<br />
|-<br />
| ><br />
| Go forward in the playlist.<br />
|-<br />
| m<br />
| Mute the sound.<br />
|-<br />
| 0<br />
| Volume up.<br />
|-<br />
| 9<br />
| Volume down.<br />
|-<br />
| f<br />
| Toggle fullscreen mode.<br />
|-<br />
| o<br />
| Toggle OSD state.<br />
|-<br />
| j<br />
| Toggle subtitle visibility.<br />
|-<br />
| <code>I</code><br />
| Show filename.<br />
|-<br />
| 1, 2<br />
| Adjust contrast.<br />
|-<br />
| 3, 4<br />
| Adjust brightness.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==额外的链接==<br />
* [http://www.mplayerhq.hu/ MPlayer官方网站]</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=MPlayer_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48901MPlayer (简体中文)2008-09-06T01:02:55Z<p>Imagelife: /* 更多的codecs */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''MPlayer'''在Linux下是如此的流行的电影播放器。Mplayer支持大量的视频和音频格式,因此可以称为万能播放器。<br />
甚至几乎大部分的人用它来观看视频。<br />
<br />
==安装==<br />
以root身份,在shell中输入 <code>pacman -S mplayer</code>。<br />
<br />
==附加的安装提示==<br />
<br />
===更多的codecs===<br />
为了能得到播放更多的MPlayer支持的格式,你应该考虑安装<code>codecs</code>软件包。<br />
它支持播放Windows codecs, Real9 and QuickTime (.mov)。安装codecs:<br />
<code>pacman -S codecs</code>and you're all set.<br />
<br />
===前端/GUIs===<br />
如果你真的想要使用MPlayer的GUI的话,MPlayer有不多的GUIs。<br />
<code>smplayer</code> 软件包是其中的一个,<code>smplayer-themes</code>软件包为<br />
smplayer提供主题。<br />
<br />
<br />
===浏览器整合===<br />
如果你想在你喜爱的浏览器中通过MPlayer来观看视频,试试下面的方法吧:<br />
<br />
====Firefox====<br />
<code>pacman -S mplayer-plugin</code><br />
<br />
====Konqueror====<br />
<code>pacman -S kmplayer</code> (also provides a complete frontend to MPlayer.)<br />
<br />
==用法==<br />
<br />
===配置===<br />
系统级的配置文件位于<code>/usr/local/etc/mplayer/mplayer.conf</code>,<br />
然而用户级的配置文件位于<code>~/.mplayer/config</code>。<br />
<br />
===观看流媒体===<br />
If you want to play a video stream (e.g *.asx link) use <code>mplayer -playlist linktostream.asx</code> to play the stream as these are playlists of streams and won't be playable omitting the -playlist option.<br />
<br />
===快捷键===<br />
===Keybindings===<br />
:''这是最常用的MPlayer的快捷键。''<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! width=50 align=left | Key<br />
! align=left | Description<br />
|-<br />
| p<br />
| Toggle pause/play.<br />
|-<br />
| Space<br />
| Toggle pause/play.<br />
|-<br />
| Left<br />
| Seek backward ten seconds.<br />
|-<br />
| Right<br />
| Seek forward ten seconds.<br />
|-<br />
| Down<br />
| Seek backward one minute.<br />
|-<br />
| Up<br />
| Seek forward one minute.<br />
|-<br />
| <<br />
| Go back in the playlist.<br />
|-<br />
| ><br />
| Go forward in the playlist.<br />
|-<br />
| m<br />
| Mute the sound.<br />
|-<br />
| 0<br />
| Volume up.<br />
|-<br />
| 9<br />
| Volume down.<br />
|-<br />
| f<br />
| Toggle fullscreen mode.<br />
|-<br />
| o<br />
| Toggle OSD state.<br />
|-<br />
| j<br />
| Toggle subtitle visibility.<br />
|-<br />
| <code>I</code><br />
| Show filename.<br />
|-<br />
| 1, 2<br />
| Adjust contrast.<br />
|-<br />
| 3, 4<br />
| Adjust brightness.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==额外的链接==<br />
* [http://www.mplayerhq.hu/ MPlayer官方网站]</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=MPlayer_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48900MPlayer (简体中文)2008-09-06T01:02:35Z<p>Imagelife: /* 更多的codecs */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''MPlayer'''在Linux下是如此的流行的电影播放器。Mplayer支持大量的视频和音频格式,因此可以称为万能播放器。<br />
甚至几乎大部分的人用它来观看视频。<br />
<br />
==安装==<br />
以root身份,在shell中输入 <code>pacman -S mplayer</code>。<br />
<br />
==附加的安装提示==<br />
<br />
===更多的codecs===<br />
为了能得到播放更多的MPlayer支持的格式,你应该考虑安装<code>codecs</code>软件包。<br />
它支持播放Windows codecs, Real9 and QuickTime (.mov)。安装codecs<br />
<code>pacman -S codecs</code>and you're all set.<br />
<br />
===前端/GUIs===<br />
如果你真的想要使用MPlayer的GUI的话,MPlayer有不多的GUIs。<br />
<code>smplayer</code> 软件包是其中的一个,<code>smplayer-themes</code>软件包为<br />
smplayer提供主题。<br />
<br />
<br />
===浏览器整合===<br />
如果你想在你喜爱的浏览器中通过MPlayer来观看视频,试试下面的方法吧:<br />
<br />
====Firefox====<br />
<code>pacman -S mplayer-plugin</code><br />
<br />
====Konqueror====<br />
<code>pacman -S kmplayer</code> (also provides a complete frontend to MPlayer.)<br />
<br />
==用法==<br />
<br />
===配置===<br />
系统级的配置文件位于<code>/usr/local/etc/mplayer/mplayer.conf</code>,<br />
然而用户级的配置文件位于<code>~/.mplayer/config</code>。<br />
<br />
===观看流媒体===<br />
If you want to play a video stream (e.g *.asx link) use <code>mplayer -playlist linktostream.asx</code> to play the stream as these are playlists of streams and won't be playable omitting the -playlist option.<br />
<br />
===快捷键===<br />
===Keybindings===<br />
:''这是最常用的MPlayer的快捷键。''<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! width=50 align=left | Key<br />
! align=left | Description<br />
|-<br />
| p<br />
| Toggle pause/play.<br />
|-<br />
| Space<br />
| Toggle pause/play.<br />
|-<br />
| Left<br />
| Seek backward ten seconds.<br />
|-<br />
| Right<br />
| Seek forward ten seconds.<br />
|-<br />
| Down<br />
| Seek backward one minute.<br />
|-<br />
| Up<br />
| Seek forward one minute.<br />
|-<br />
| <<br />
| Go back in the playlist.<br />
|-<br />
| ><br />
| Go forward in the playlist.<br />
|-<br />
| m<br />
| Mute the sound.<br />
|-<br />
| 0<br />
| Volume up.<br />
|-<br />
| 9<br />
| Volume down.<br />
|-<br />
| f<br />
| Toggle fullscreen mode.<br />
|-<br />
| o<br />
| Toggle OSD state.<br />
|-<br />
| j<br />
| Toggle subtitle visibility.<br />
|-<br />
| <code>I</code><br />
| Show filename.<br />
|-<br />
| 1, 2<br />
| Adjust contrast.<br />
|-<br />
| 3, 4<br />
| Adjust brightness.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==额外的链接==<br />
* [http://www.mplayerhq.hu/ MPlayer官方网站]</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=MPlayer_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48899MPlayer (简体中文)2008-09-06T01:02:08Z<p>Imagelife: /* 安装 */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''MPlayer'''在Linux下是如此的流行的电影播放器。Mplayer支持大量的视频和音频格式,因此可以称为万能播放器。<br />
甚至几乎大部分的人用它来观看视频。<br />
<br />
==安装==<br />
以root身份,在shell中输入 <code>pacman -S mplayer</code>。<br />
<br />
==附加的安装提示==<br />
<br />
===更多的codecs===<br />
为了能得到播放更多的MPlayer支持的格式,你应该考虑安装<code>codecs</code>软件包。<br />
它支持播放Windows codecs, Real9 and QuickTime (.mov)。安装codecs<code>pacman -S codecs</code><br />
and you're all set.<br />
<br />
===前端/GUIs===<br />
如果你真的想要使用MPlayer的GUI的话,MPlayer有不多的GUIs。<br />
<code>smplayer</code> 软件包是其中的一个,<code>smplayer-themes</code>软件包为<br />
smplayer提供主题。<br />
<br />
<br />
===浏览器整合===<br />
如果你想在你喜爱的浏览器中通过MPlayer来观看视频,试试下面的方法吧:<br />
<br />
====Firefox====<br />
<code>pacman -S mplayer-plugin</code><br />
<br />
====Konqueror====<br />
<code>pacman -S kmplayer</code> (also provides a complete frontend to MPlayer.)<br />
<br />
==用法==<br />
<br />
===配置===<br />
系统级的配置文件位于<code>/usr/local/etc/mplayer/mplayer.conf</code>,<br />
然而用户级的配置文件位于<code>~/.mplayer/config</code>。<br />
<br />
===观看流媒体===<br />
If you want to play a video stream (e.g *.asx link) use <code>mplayer -playlist linktostream.asx</code> to play the stream as these are playlists of streams and won't be playable omitting the -playlist option.<br />
<br />
===快捷键===<br />
===Keybindings===<br />
:''这是最常用的MPlayer的快捷键。''<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! width=50 align=left | Key<br />
! align=left | Description<br />
|-<br />
| p<br />
| Toggle pause/play.<br />
|-<br />
| Space<br />
| Toggle pause/play.<br />
|-<br />
| Left<br />
| Seek backward ten seconds.<br />
|-<br />
| Right<br />
| Seek forward ten seconds.<br />
|-<br />
| Down<br />
| Seek backward one minute.<br />
|-<br />
| Up<br />
| Seek forward one minute.<br />
|-<br />
| <<br />
| Go back in the playlist.<br />
|-<br />
| ><br />
| Go forward in the playlist.<br />
|-<br />
| m<br />
| Mute the sound.<br />
|-<br />
| 0<br />
| Volume up.<br />
|-<br />
| 9<br />
| Volume down.<br />
|-<br />
| f<br />
| Toggle fullscreen mode.<br />
|-<br />
| o<br />
| Toggle OSD state.<br />
|-<br />
| j<br />
| Toggle subtitle visibility.<br />
|-<br />
| <code>I</code><br />
| Show filename.<br />
|-<br />
| 1, 2<br />
| Adjust contrast.<br />
|-<br />
| 3, 4<br />
| Adjust brightness.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==额外的链接==<br />
* [http://www.mplayerhq.hu/ MPlayer官方网站]</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=MPlayer_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48898MPlayer (简体中文)2008-09-06T01:01:15Z<p>Imagelife: /* 额外的链接 */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''MPlayer'''在Linux下是如此的流行的电影播放器。Mplayer支持大量的视频和音频格式,因此可以称为万能播放器。<br />
甚至几乎大部分的人用它来观看视频。<br />
<br />
==安装==<br />
以root身份,在shell中输入 <code>pacman -S mplayer</code>,OK。<br />
<br />
==附加的安装提示==<br />
<br />
===更多的codecs===<br />
为了能得到播放更多的MPlayer支持的格式,你应该考虑安装<code>codecs</code>软件包。<br />
它支持播放Windows codecs, Real9 and QuickTime (.mov)。安装codecs<code>pacman -S codecs</code><br />
and you're all set.<br />
<br />
===前端/GUIs===<br />
如果你真的想要使用MPlayer的GUI的话,MPlayer有不多的GUIs。<br />
<code>smplayer</code> 软件包是其中的一个,<code>smplayer-themes</code>软件包为<br />
smplayer提供主题。<br />
<br />
<br />
===浏览器整合===<br />
如果你想在你喜爱的浏览器中通过MPlayer来观看视频,试试下面的方法吧:<br />
<br />
====Firefox====<br />
<code>pacman -S mplayer-plugin</code><br />
<br />
====Konqueror====<br />
<code>pacman -S kmplayer</code> (also provides a complete frontend to MPlayer.)<br />
<br />
==用法==<br />
<br />
===配置===<br />
系统级的配置文件位于<code>/usr/local/etc/mplayer/mplayer.conf</code>,<br />
然而用户级的配置文件位于<code>~/.mplayer/config</code>。<br />
<br />
===观看流媒体===<br />
If you want to play a video stream (e.g *.asx link) use <code>mplayer -playlist linktostream.asx</code> to play the stream as these are playlists of streams and won't be playable omitting the -playlist option.<br />
<br />
===快捷键===<br />
===Keybindings===<br />
:''这是最常用的MPlayer的快捷键。''<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! width=50 align=left | Key<br />
! align=left | Description<br />
|-<br />
| p<br />
| Toggle pause/play.<br />
|-<br />
| Space<br />
| Toggle pause/play.<br />
|-<br />
| Left<br />
| Seek backward ten seconds.<br />
|-<br />
| Right<br />
| Seek forward ten seconds.<br />
|-<br />
| Down<br />
| Seek backward one minute.<br />
|-<br />
| Up<br />
| Seek forward one minute.<br />
|-<br />
| <<br />
| Go back in the playlist.<br />
|-<br />
| ><br />
| Go forward in the playlist.<br />
|-<br />
| m<br />
| Mute the sound.<br />
|-<br />
| 0<br />
| Volume up.<br />
|-<br />
| 9<br />
| Volume down.<br />
|-<br />
| f<br />
| Toggle fullscreen mode.<br />
|-<br />
| o<br />
| Toggle OSD state.<br />
|-<br />
| j<br />
| Toggle subtitle visibility.<br />
|-<br />
| <code>I</code><br />
| Show filename.<br />
|-<br />
| 1, 2<br />
| Adjust contrast.<br />
|-<br />
| 3, 4<br />
| Adjust brightness.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==额外的链接==<br />
* [http://www.mplayerhq.hu/ MPlayer官方网站]</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=MPlayer_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48897MPlayer (简体中文)2008-09-06T00:59:55Z<p>Imagelife: New page: '''MPlayer'''在Linux下是如此的流行的电影播放器。Mplayer支持大量的视频和音频格式,因此可以称为万能播放器。 甚至几乎大部分的人用它来观看...</p>
<hr />
<div>'''MPlayer'''在Linux下是如此的流行的电影播放器。Mplayer支持大量的视频和音频格式,因此可以称为万能播放器。<br />
甚至几乎大部分的人用它来观看视频。<br />
<br />
==安装==<br />
以root身份,在shell中输入 <code>pacman -S mplayer</code>,OK。<br />
<br />
==附加的安装提示==<br />
<br />
===更多的codecs===<br />
为了能得到播放更多的MPlayer支持的格式,你应该考虑安装<code>codecs</code>软件包。<br />
它支持播放Windows codecs, Real9 and QuickTime (.mov)。安装codecs<code>pacman -S codecs</code><br />
and you're all set.<br />
<br />
===前端/GUIs===<br />
如果你真的想要使用MPlayer的GUI的话,MPlayer有不多的GUIs。<br />
<code>smplayer</code> 软件包是其中的一个,<code>smplayer-themes</code>软件包为<br />
smplayer提供主题。<br />
<br />
<br />
===浏览器整合===<br />
如果你想在你喜爱的浏览器中通过MPlayer来观看视频,试试下面的方法吧:<br />
<br />
====Firefox====<br />
<code>pacman -S mplayer-plugin</code><br />
<br />
====Konqueror====<br />
<code>pacman -S kmplayer</code> (also provides a complete frontend to MPlayer.)<br />
<br />
==用法==<br />
<br />
===配置===<br />
系统级的配置文件位于<code>/usr/local/etc/mplayer/mplayer.conf</code>,<br />
然而用户级的配置文件位于<code>~/.mplayer/config</code>。<br />
<br />
===观看流媒体===<br />
If you want to play a video stream (e.g *.asx link) use <code>mplayer -playlist linktostream.asx</code> to play the stream as these are playlists of streams and won't be playable omitting the -playlist option.<br />
<br />
===快捷键===<br />
===Keybindings===<br />
:''这是最常用的MPlayer的快捷键。''<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! width=50 align=left | Key<br />
! align=left | Description<br />
|-<br />
| p<br />
| Toggle pause/play.<br />
|-<br />
| Space<br />
| Toggle pause/play.<br />
|-<br />
| Left<br />
| Seek backward ten seconds.<br />
|-<br />
| Right<br />
| Seek forward ten seconds.<br />
|-<br />
| Down<br />
| Seek backward one minute.<br />
|-<br />
| Up<br />
| Seek forward one minute.<br />
|-<br />
| <<br />
| Go back in the playlist.<br />
|-<br />
| ><br />
| Go forward in the playlist.<br />
|-<br />
| m<br />
| Mute the sound.<br />
|-<br />
| 0<br />
| Volume up.<br />
|-<br />
| 9<br />
| Volume down.<br />
|-<br />
| f<br />
| Toggle fullscreen mode.<br />
|-<br />
| o<br />
| Toggle OSD state.<br />
|-<br />
| j<br />
| Toggle subtitle visibility.<br />
|-<br />
| <code>I</code><br />
| Show filename.<br />
|-<br />
| 1, 2<br />
| Adjust contrast.<br />
|-<br />
| 3, 4<br />
| Adjust brightness.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==额外的链接==<br />
* [http://www.mplayerhq.hu/ Official MPlayer website]</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=MPlayer&diff=48896MPlayer2008-09-06T00:34:25Z<p>Imagelife: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|:MPlayer}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Italiano|:MPlayer_(Italiano)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Ελληνικά|:MPlayer_(Ελληνικά)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|:MPlayer_(简体中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''MPlayer''' is the oh-so-popular movie player for Linux. MPlayer has support for pretty much every video and audio format out there and is hence very versatile, even though most people use it for viewing videos.<br />
<br />
==Installation==<br />
Type <code>pacman -S mplayer</code> in a shell as root. Done.<br />
<br />
==Additional installation tips==<br />
<br />
===More codecs===<br />
To get the most out of MPlayer, you should really consider installing the <code>codecs</code> package, which adds support for Windows codecs, Real9 and QuickTime (.mov). Type <code>pacman -S codecs</code> and you're all set.<br />
<br />
===Frontends/GUIs===<br />
There are quite a few GUIs for MPlayer if you really, really must use one. The <code>smplayer</code> package contains one of them and the <code>smplayer-themes</code> package provides themes for it.<br />
<br />
===Browser integration===<br />
<br />
If you want to let MPlayer control video viewing in your favorite web browser, try one of the following:<br />
<br />
====Firefox====<br />
<code>pacman -S mplayer-plugin</code><br />
<br />
====Konqueror====<br />
<code>pacman -S kmplayer</code> (also provides a complete frontend to MPlayer.)<br />
<br />
==Usage==<br />
<br />
===Configuration===<br />
System-wide configuration is located in <code>/usr/local/etc/mplayer/mplayer.conf</code>, whereas the user-local settings are stored in <code>~/.mplayer/config</code>.<br />
<br />
===Watching streamed video===<br />
If you want to play a video stream (e.g *.asx link) use <code>mplayer -playlist linktostream.asx</code> to play the stream as these are playlists of streams and won't be playable omitting the -playlist option.<br />
<br />
===Keybindings===<br />
<br />
:''This is a list of the most basic MPlayer keys.''<br />
<br />
{|<br />
! width=50 align=left | Key<br />
! align=left | Description<br />
|-<br />
| p<br />
| Toggle pause/play.<br />
|-<br />
| Space<br />
| Toggle pause/play.<br />
|-<br />
| Left<br />
| Seek backward ten seconds.<br />
|-<br />
| Right<br />
| Seek forward ten seconds.<br />
|-<br />
| Down<br />
| Seek backward one minute.<br />
|-<br />
| Up<br />
| Seek forward one minute.<br />
|-<br />
| <<br />
| Go back in the playlist.<br />
|-<br />
| ><br />
| Go forward in the playlist.<br />
|-<br />
| m<br />
| Mute the sound.<br />
|-<br />
| 0<br />
| Volume up.<br />
|-<br />
| 9<br />
| Volume down.<br />
|-<br />
| f<br />
| Toggle fullscreen mode.<br />
|-<br />
| o<br />
| Toggle OSD state.<br />
|-<br />
| j<br />
| Toggle subtitle visibility.<br />
|-<br />
| <code>I</code><br />
| Show filename.<br />
|-<br />
| 1, 2<br />
| Adjust contrast.<br />
|-<br />
| 3, 4<br />
| Adjust brightness.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* [http://www.mplayerhq.hu/ Official MPlayer website]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Audio/Video (English)]]</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Splashy_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48895Splashy (简体中文)2008-09-06T00:26:25Z<p>Imagelife: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category: 简体中文]]<br />
[[Category: 启动过程]]<br />
[[Category: 美化]]<br />
<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|Splashy}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|Splashy (简体中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
[http://splashy.alioth.debian.org Splashy]是一个在用户空间(userspace)里实现的Linux系统启动画面软件。对通过[http://www.directfb.org directfb]来使用Linux framebuffer层的系统启动过程,它提供了一个图形环境。<br />
<br />
=安装=<br />
#在AUR中获取[http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?do_Details=1&ID=10211 这个包],然后用makepkg来构建软件包,并用Pacman安装这个软件包。<br />
<br />
'''注意!''' splashy目前依赖的"initscripts-splash"会替换掉"initscripts",某些/etc里的文件将备份为*.pacsave。<br />
<br />
=配置=<br />
====/boot/grub/menu.lst====<br />
将'''quiet vga=791 splash'''加入到''/boot/grub/menu.lst''中内核命令那行,例如:<br />
kernel (hd0,6)/vmlinuz26 root=/dev/sda6 ro quiet vga=791 splash<br />
====/etc/rc.conf====<br />
将SPLASH="splashy"加入到''/etc/rc.conf'',例如:<br />
SPLASH="splashy"<br />
====/etc/mkinitcpio.conf====<br />
* '''紧记每次Splashy的配置修改后都要重建initramfs影像文件。''' (例如Splashy的主题变更)<br />
#将'''splashy'''加到''/etc/mkinitcpio.conf''中HOOKS的'''末尾''',例如<pre>HOOKS="base udev autodetect ide sata filesystems ... splashy"</pre><br />
#重建内核影像文件<pre># mkinitcpio -p <kernel name></pre>例如:<pre># mkinitcpio -p kernel26</pre><br />
<br />
===升级===<br />
* 别忘了升级Splashy后重建initramfs影像文件。<br />
<br />
===主题===<br />
你可以在AUR中安装[http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=19626 splashy-themes] 来获取好看的splashy主题。安装之后,请查看可利用的主题像这样:<br />
ls /usr/share/splashy/themes<br />
文件夹名字就是主题名字。现在来编辑/etc/splashy/config.xml把主题名字更改为你想要的主题。 Note that themes ending in 43 are 4:3 aspect ration, and the others are widescreen. Try "simplyblack" as a good first theme. After you set your theme (and any time you change your theme) you will need to again run<br />
mkinitcpio -p kernel26<br />
<br />
<br />
=已知问题=<br />
#如果发生错误或者某个个初始化脚本失败,Splashy不会终止或者自动切换到verbose模式。<br />
#当Splashy运行时强制文件系统检查情况会变得“惊人的糟糕”。由于某些(仍然)未知的原因,fsck后系统会自己重启。<br />
#在X启动过程中如果splashy仍然活动,屏幕上方会出现波动干扰。<br />
<br />
=链接=<br />
* http://splashy.alioth.debian.org<br />
* http://www.directfb.org</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Openbox_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48870Openbox (简体中文)2008-09-05T13:28:37Z<p>Imagelife: /* Application Launchers */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Desktop environments (English)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (English)]]<br />
<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|Openbox}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Русский|Openbox (Русский)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Español|Openbox (Español)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|Openbox(简体中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
= 说明 =<br />
<br />
Openbox 是一个轻量级、可高度定制以及支持大量标准的窗口管理器。Its features are well-documented at the [http://icculus.org/openbox/ official website]. 这篇文章是关于在 Arch Linux 下 运行 Openbox。<br />
<br />
= 安装 =<br />
Openbox 可以从 Archlinux 的仓库里得到:<br />
# pacman -S openbox<br />
<br />
一旦安装完毕, pacman 会指导你拷贝默认 <tt>menu.xml</tt> & <tt>rc.xml</tt> 配置文件到 <tt>~/.config/openbox/</tt> 目录下, 示例如下:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir -p ~/.config/openbox/<br />
$ cp /etc/xdg/openbox/rc.xml ~/.config/openbox/rc.xml<br />
$ cp /etc/xdg/openbox/menu.xml ~/.config/openbox/menu.xml<br />
'''''Note:''' do this as a regular user, not as root.''<br />
<br />
<tt>rc.xml</tt> 是 Openbox 的核心配置文件。它一般负责快捷键,主题,虚拟桌面和其他的作用。<br />
<br />
<tt>menu.xml</tt> controls the Openbox application menu that appears when you click on your desktop. The default items are pretty sparse, but it's very easy to modify the menu structure to suit your needs. See the menu section below for more details, or visit the [http://icculus.org/openbox/ Openbox website].<br />
<br />
= 让我们开始吧 =<br />
<br />
== 使用 Openbox ==<br />
To run Openbox on its own, simply add the following to the bottom of ~/.xinitrc:<br />
exec openbox-session<br />
<br />
== 在GNOME中使用Openbox ==<br />
#如果你使用GDM,请选择"GNOME/Openbox"登录选项<br />
#如果你使用startx,添加'''exec openbox-gnome-session''' 至 ~/.xinitrc中<br />
#在shell中:<br />
xinit /usr/bin/openbox-gnome-session<br />
<br />
== 在KDE中使用Openbox ==<br />
# 如果你使用GDM,请选择"KDE/Openbox"登录选项<br />
# 如果你使用startx,添加exec openbox-kde-session 至 ~/.xinitrc中<br />
# 在shell中:<br />
$ xinit /usr/bin/openbox-kde-session<br />
<br />
== 在Xfce4中使用Openbox ==<br />
<br />
Log into a normal Xfce4 session. From your terminal of choice, do:<br />
<br />
$ killall xfwm4 ; openbox & exit<br />
<br />
This will kill xfwm4, run Openbox, and close the terminal. <br />
<br />
Log out, making sure to check the "Save session for future logins" checkbox.<br />
<br />
On next login, Xfce4 will use Openbox as its WM.<br />
<br />
To be able to exit the session using xfce4-session, open your file ~/.config/openbox/menu.xml (if it isn't there, copy it from /etc/xdg/openbox/menu.xml). <br />
<br />
Look for the entry:<br />
<br />
<item label="Exit Openbox"><br />
<action name="Exit"><br />
<prompt>yes</prompt><br />
</action><br />
</item><br />
<br />
and change it to:<br />
<br />
<item label="Exit Openbox"><br />
<action name="Exit"><br />
<prompt>yes</prompt><br />
<command>xfce4-session-logout</command><br />
</action><br />
</item><br />
<br />
Otherwise, using the "Exit" entry of the root-menu will cause Openbox to terminate its execution, leaving you without a window manager.<br />
<br />
If you have an issue changing between virtual desktops with the mouse wheel skipping over virtual desktops, open your ~/.config/openbox/rc.xml file and move the mouse binds with actions "DesktopPrevious" and "DesktopNext" from the context "Desktop" to the context "Root" (you may need to define the Root context).<br />
<br />
If you want to use the Openbox root-menu instead of Xfce's, you may terminate Xfdesktop by running the following command in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ xfdesktop --quit<br />
<br />
However, Xfdesktop manages the wallpaper and desktop icons, requiring you to use other utilities, such as ROX, for these functions.<br />
<br />
(When terminating Xfdesktop, the above issue with the virtual desktops is no longer a problem.)<br />
<br />
= 配置 =<br />
<br />
== 偏好 ==<br />
Currently, there are two options for configuring the core Openbox preferences; manually edit the '''rc.xml''', or use the ObConf tool.<br />
<br />
=== 手动设定偏好 ===<br />
<br />
To configure Openbox manually, simply edit '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml''' with your favourite text editor. The config file provides plenty of comments throughout, and [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Contents full documentation] is available at the official website.<br />
<br />
=== 使用ObConf设定偏好 ===<br />
<br />
[http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/ObConf:About ObConf] is GUI-based Openbox configuration tool, which can be used to set most preferences including themes, virtual desktops, window properties and desktop margins.<br />
<br />
To install ObConf, run:<br />
# pacman -S obconf<br />
<br />
'''''Note:''''' ObConf cannot be used to configure keyboard shortcuts and some other advanced features. For these modifications, you must edit '''rc.xml''' manually (see above.)<br />
<br />
== 菜单管理 ==<br />
<br />
The default Openbox menu includes a variety of applications to get you started, but you'll probably want to customize this at some point. There are a number of ways to do so:<br />
<br />
=== 手动 ===<br />
Similar to the '''rc.xml''' file, you can edit '''~/.config/openbox/menu.xml''' with your favourite text editor. Although many of the settings are self-explanatory, [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Menus full documentation] is available.<br />
<br />
=== MenuMaker ===<br />
[http://menumaker.sourceforge.net/ MenuMaker] is a powerful tool that creates XML-based menus for a variety of Window Managers, including Openbox. MenuMaker will search your computer for executable programs and create an XML menu based on the results. It can be configured to exclude Legacy X, GNOME, KDE, or Xfce applications if the user desires.<br />
<br />
MenuMaker is available from the [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=10894 AUR]. <br />
<br />
Once installed, you can generate a complete menu by running:<br />
$ mmaker -v OpenBox3<br />
<br />
By default, MenuMaker will not overwrite an existing menu.xml. To do so, run it with the -f (force) argument:<br />
<br />
$ mmaker -vf OpenBox3<br />
<br />
To see a full list of options, run '''mmaker --help'''<br />
<br />
This will give you a pretty thorough menu. Now you can modify the menu.xml by hand, or simply regenerate the list whenever you install new software.<br />
<br />
=== Obmenu ===<br />
Obmenu is a GUI-based menu editor for Openbox. For those who don't enjoy editing XML source code, this is probably the best option for you.<br />
<br />
It is available in the community repository:<br />
# pacman -S obmenu<br />
<br />
Once installed, simply run '''obmenu''' and add or remove the desired applications.<br />
<br />
==== obm-xdg ====<br />
<tt>obm-xdg</tt> is a command-line tool that comes with Obmenu. It can generate a categorized sub-menu of installed GTK/GNOME applications.<br />
<br />
To use obm-xdg, add the following line to '''~/.config/openbox/menu.xml''':<br />
<br />
<menu execute="obm-xdg" id="xdg-menu" label="xdg"/><br />
<br />
Then run '''openbox --reconfigure''' to refresh the Openbox menu. You should now see a sub-menu labeled '''xdg''' in your menu.<br />
<br />
'''''NOTE:''' If you do not have GNOME installed, then you need to install '''gnome-menus''' package for obm-xdg to work.''<br />
<br />
== Startup Programs ==<br />
Openbox features support for running programs at startup. This is provided by the "openbox-session" command.<br />
<br />
There are two ways to enable autostart:<br />
# If you use startx to log into your X session, change the line that executes ''openbox'' to execute '''openbox-session''' instead.<br />
# If you log in with GDM/KDM, then select the ''Openbox'' session and it will automatically use autostart.<br />
<br />
Startup programs are managed in '''~/.config/openbox/autostart.sh'''. Full instructions and best practices for how to do this are available at the [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Autostart Openbox website].<br />
<br />
== Per-application settings ==<br />
Openbox features per-application settings, allowing you to define rules for your programs. For example, you can:<br />
* load your web browser on a certain desktop<br />
* load your terminal without a window border<br />
* load your torrent client at a certain position on your screen<br />
<br />
These are defined in '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml'''. As you might expect, the instructions are well-documented within the file itself. Full details can also be found here: http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Applications<br />
<br />
== 主题和外观 ==<br />
With the exception of the Openbox Themes topic, the following section is intended for users who have configured Openbox to run as a standalone desktop, without the assistance of GNOME, KDE or Xfce.<br />
<br />
=== Openbox 主题 ===<br />
Openbox themes control the appearance of window borders, including the titlebar and titlebar buttons. They also determine the appearance of the application menu and on-screen display (OSD). <br />
<br />
Additional themes are available from the standard repositories:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S openbox-themes<br />
<br />
This package is by no means definitive. You can download more themes at websites such as:<br />
*[http://www.box-look.org/index.php?xcontentmode=7402 box-look.org]<br />
*[http://customize.org/browse/tags/openbox customize.org]<br />
*http://www.minuslab.net/themes/<br />
*http://celo.wordpress.com/themes/<br />
*http://vault.openmonkey.com/pages/openbox<br />
*http://hewphoria.com/?p=submission&type=theme&cat=7<br />
<br />
Downloaded themes should be extracted to '''~/.themes''' and can be installed or selected with the [[Openbox#Preferences|ObConf]] tool.<br />
<br />
Creating new themes is fairly easy and again [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Themes well-documented].<br />
<br />
=== 桌面墙纸 ===<br />
<br />
Openbox itself does not include a way to change the wallpaper. This can be done easily with programs like [[Feh]] or [[Nitrogen]]. Other options include ImageMagick, hsetroot and xsetbg.<br />
<br />
=== GTK 主题 ===<br />
===== GTK2/GTK+ =====<br />
GTK+ themes can be managed easily with the ''[[LXDE | lxappearance]]'', ''gtk-chtheme'', or ''switch2'' utilities. To install, run:<br />
# pacman -S lxappearance<br />
and/or<br />
# pacman -S gtk-chtheme<br />
and/or<br />
# pacman -S gtk-theme-switch2<br />
<br />
Now you can simply run '''lxappearance''', '''gtk-chtheme''' or '''switch2''' to set the desired theme.<br />
<br />
===== GTK1 =====<br />
For legacy GTK1 themes, install the '''gtk-theme-switch''' package:<br />
# pacman -S gtk-theme-switch<br />
Then run '''''switch''''' to select a desired theme.<br />
<br />
=== GTK 字体 ===<br />
===== 手动编辑配置文件 =====<br />
If you want to change the type and size of your fonts, add the following to '''~/.gtkrc.mine''':<br />
style "user-font"<br />
{<br />
font_name = "[font-name] [size]"<br />
}<br />
widget_class "*" style "user-font"<br />
gtk-font-name = "[font-name] [size]"<br />
<br />
where [font-name] [size] is the desired font and point size. For example:<br />
style "user-font"<br />
{<br />
font_name = "DejaVu Sans 8"<br />
}<br />
widget_class "*" style "user-font"<br />
gtk-font-name = "DejaVu Sans 8"<br />
<br />
Both <tt>font_name</tt> and <tt>gtk-font-name</tt> fields are required for backwards compatibility.<br />
===== 使用GUI工具 =====<br />
You can use '''gtk-chtheme''' or '''lxappearance''' to set GTK font settings. Please refer to the above section.<br />
<br />
=== GTK 图标 ===<br />
First, extract the desired icon theme to '''/usr/share/icons''' (system-wide access) or '''~/.icons''' (local user access), then:<br />
===== Manually edit the config file =====<br />
Add the following to ~/.gtkrc.mine: <br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = "[name-of-icon-theme]"<br />
<br />
where [name-of-icon-theme] is the name of the icon theme directory. For example:<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = "Tango"<br />
<br />
Ensure ~/.gtkrc-2.0 is configured to parse ~/.gtkrc.mine:<br />
<br />
# ~/.gtkrc-2.0<br />
# -- THEME AUTO-WRITTEN DO NOT EDIT<br />
include "/usr/share/themes/Rezlooks-Gilouche/gtk-2.0/gtkrc"<br />
include "/home/username/.gtkrc.mine"<br />
# -- THEME AUTO-WRITTEN DO NOT EDIT<br />
===== Use GUI tools =====<br />
You can use '''lxappearance''' to choose GTK icon themes. Please refer to the above section.<br />
<br />
=== Mouse cursor themes ===<br />
Extract the desired Xcursor theme to either '''/usr/share/icons''' (system-wide access) or '''~/.icons''' (local user access).<br />
<br />
Add this to ~/.Xdefaults:<br />
Xcursor.theme: [name-of-cursor-theme]<br />
where [name-of-cursor-theme] is the name of the cursor theme directory. For example:<br />
Xcursor.theme: Vanilla-DMZ-AA<br />
To change the size:<br />
Xcursor.size: [size]<br />
<br />
=== 桌面图标 ===<br />
Openbox does not provide a means to display icons on the desktop. PcmanFM, [http://rox.sourceforge.net ROX], [http://idesk.sourceforge.net iDesk], or even Nautilus (and the gnome-settings-daemon) can provide this function. <br />
<br />
ROX and PCmanFM have the additional advantage of being lightweight file managers.<br />
<br />
= Tips & Tricks =<br />
<br />
== 推荐程序 == <br />
<br />
=== 登录管理器 ===<br />
[http://slim.berlios.de/ SLiM] provides a lightweight and elegant graphical login solution for standalone Openbox configurations. Refer to Arch's [[SLiM]] wiki for detailed instructions.<br />
<br />
=== Composite Desktop ===<br />
[[Xcompmgr]] is a lightweight composite manager capable of rendering drop shadows, fading and simple window transparency within Openbox and other window managers.<br />
<br />
=== 应用程序启动器 ===<br />
==== dmenu ====<br />
Set-up dmenu as described in the [[dmenu]] wiki article.<br />
<br />
Then, add the following entry to the <keyboard> section '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml''' to enable a shortcut to launch dmenu:<br />
<keybind key="W-p"><br />
<action name="Execute"><br />
<command>~/path/to/your/dmenu-script</command><br />
</action><br />
</keybind><br />
<br />
==== Gmrun ====<br />
[http://sourceforge.net/projects/gmrun gmrun] provides an excellent Run dialog box, similar to the Alt+F2 features found in Gnome and KDE:<br />
pacman -S gmrun<br />
Add the following entry to the <keyboard> section '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml''' to enable Alt+F2 functionality:<br />
<keybind key="A-F2"><br />
<action name="execute"><execute>gmrun</execute></action><br />
</keybind><br />
<br />
=== 文件管理器 ===<br />
<br />
There are many possibilities, but the most popular lightweight file managers are:<br />
* [http://thunar.xfce.org Thunar]. Thunar supports auto-mount features and other plugins. <br />
pacman -S thunar<br />
Thunar may be started in daemon mode for tighter desktop integration. For instance, inserting a USB pendrive will invoke a Thunar window to popup, with the drive contents listed in the window. <br />
<br />
To start Thunar in daemon mode, edit ~/.config/openbox/autostart.sh and add:<br />
thunar --daemon &<br />
<br />
* [http://rox.sourceforge.net ROX] (ROX provides desktop icons)<br />
pacman -S rox<br />
* [http://pcmanfm.sourceforge.net PCMan] (pcmanfm also provides desktop icons)<br />
pacman -S pcmanfm<br />
For even lighter options, consider [http://www.obsession.se/gentoo/ Gentoo] or [http://emelfm.sourceforge.net/ emelFM], both of which use the familiar 'Midnight Commander' two pane layout (these two require gtk 1.2.x).<br />
<br />
Of course, you can also use GNOME's Nautilus. Although slower than the above solutions, it has the additional advantage of VFS support (e.g. remote SSH, FTP and Samba connections).<br />
<br />
=== Clipboard Managers and copy/paste===<br />
You may wish to install a clipboard manager for feature rich copy/paste ability. '''xfce4-clipman-plugin, parcellite,''' or '''glipper-old''' may be installed via pacman. Add your choice to autostart.sh. From the terminal, Ctrl+Insert as copy and Shift+Insert as paste generally works as well. You may also copy from terminal with Ctrl+Shift+C, and paste with mouse middle click.<br />
=== Panels, Trays, and Pagers ===<br />
<br />
There are quite a lot of utilities available that provide a panel (taskbar), system tray, and pager to Openbox. The most common are:<br />
<br />
'''Panels'''<br />
* [http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/PyPanel PyPanel]<br />
* [http://nsf.110mb.com/bmpanel/ bmpanel]<br />
* [http://code.google.com/p/ttm/ Tint]<br />
* [http://sourceforge.net/projects/lxpanel LXPanel]<br />
* [http://fbpanel.sourceforge.net fbpanel]<br />
* [http://perlpanel.org/ PerlPanel]<br />
* [http://www.chatjunkies.org/fspanel/ fspanel]<br />
* [http://www.xfce.org/projects/xfce4-panel/ xfce4-panel]<br />
* [http://developer.gnome.org/arch/gnome/corecomponents/panel/ gnome-panel]<br />
* [http://code.google.com/p/avant-window-navigator/ avant-window-navigator]<br />
* [http://developer.berlios.de/projects/cairo-dock/ cairo-dock]<br />
<br />
'''Trays'''<br />
* [http://stalonetray.sourceforge.net/ Stalonetray]<br />
* [http://download.gna.org/fvwm-crystal/trayer/1.0/ Trayer]<br />
<br />
'''Pagers'''<br />
* [http://projects.l3ib.org/trac/visibility Visibility]<br />
* [http://bbtools.sourceforge.net/ bbpager]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=970 netwmpager]<br />
* [http://useperl.ru/ipager/index.en.html IPager]<br />
<br />
Make your choice and add it to your startup file.<br />
<br />
== Get xprop values for per-app settings quickly ==<br />
If you use per-application settings frequently, you might find this bash alias handy:<br />
<br />
alias xp='xprop | grep "WM_WINDOW_ROLE\|WM_CLASS" && echo "WM_CLASS(STRING) = \"NAME\", \"CLASS\""'<br />
<br />
To use, run '''xp''' and click on the running program that you'd like to define with per-app settings. The result will display only the info that Openbox requires, namely the WM_WINDOW_ROLE and WM_CLASS (name and class) values:<br />
<br />
[thayer@dublin:~] $ xp<br />
WM_WINDOW_ROLE(STRING) = "roster"<br />
WM_CLASS(STRING) = "gajim.py", "Gajim.py"<br />
WM_CLASS(STRING) = "NAME", "CLASS"<br />
<br />
== Linking the menu to a command ==<br />
Some people would want to link the Openbox main menu, or any other, to a command. This is useful for creating a menu button in a panel, for example. Although Openbox doesn't support this, a very simple script , xdotool, can simulate a keypress by running a command. Xdotool is available on AUR [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?do_Details=1&ID=14789&O=0&L=0&C=0&K=xdotool&SB=n&SO=a&PP=25&do_MyPackages=0&do_Orphans=0&SeB=nd here]. To use it, simply add the following code to the <keyboard> section of your rc.xml:<br />
<keybind key="A-C-q"><br />
<action name="ShowMenu"><br />
<menu>root-menu</menu><br />
</action><br />
</keybind><br />
Restart/reconfigure Openbox. You can now magically summon your menu at your cursor position by running the following command:<br />
# xdotool key ctrl+alt+q<br />
Of course, you can change the shortcut to your liking.<br />
<br />
== Urxvt in the background == <br />
With Openbox, running a terminal as desktop background is easy. You won't need '''devilspie''' here.<br />
<br />
First you must enable transparency, open your '''.Xdefaults''' file (if it doesn't exist yet, create it in your home folder).<br />
URxvt*transparent:true<br />
URxvt*scrollBar:false<br />
URxvt*geometry:124x24 #I don't use the whole screen, if you want a full screen term don't bother with this and see below.<br />
URxvt*borderLess:true<br />
URxvt*foreground:Black #Font color. My wallpaper is White, you may wish to change this to White.<br />
<br />
Then edit your '''.config/openbox/rc.xml''' file :<br />
<application name="urxvt"><br />
<decor>no</decor><br />
<focus>yes</focus><br />
<position><br />
<x>center</x><br />
<y>20</y><br />
</position><br />
<layer>below</layer><br />
<desktop>all</desktop><br />
<maximized>true</maximized> #Only if you want a full size terminal.<br />
</application><br />
<br />
The ''magic'' comes from the '''<layer>below</layer>''' line, which place the application under all others. Here Urxvt is displayed on all desktops, change it to your convenience.<br />
<br />
= 附加资源 =<br />
* [http://icculus.org/openbox/ Openbox Website] - The official website<br />
* [http://planetob.openmonkey.com/ Planet Openbox] - Openbox news portal<br />
* [http://www.box-look.org/ Box-Look.org] - A good resource for themes and related artwork<br />
* [http://archux.com/page/application-recommendations Application recommendations]</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Openbox_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48869Openbox (简体中文)2008-09-05T13:27:06Z<p>Imagelife: /* Additional Resources */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Desktop environments (English)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (English)]]<br />
<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|Openbox}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Русский|Openbox (Русский)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Español|Openbox (Español)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|Openbox(简体中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
= 说明 =<br />
<br />
Openbox 是一个轻量级、可高度定制以及支持大量标准的窗口管理器。Its features are well-documented at the [http://icculus.org/openbox/ official website]. 这篇文章是关于在 Arch Linux 下 运行 Openbox。<br />
<br />
= 安装 =<br />
Openbox 可以从 Archlinux 的仓库里得到:<br />
# pacman -S openbox<br />
<br />
一旦安装完毕, pacman 会指导你拷贝默认 <tt>menu.xml</tt> & <tt>rc.xml</tt> 配置文件到 <tt>~/.config/openbox/</tt> 目录下, 示例如下:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir -p ~/.config/openbox/<br />
$ cp /etc/xdg/openbox/rc.xml ~/.config/openbox/rc.xml<br />
$ cp /etc/xdg/openbox/menu.xml ~/.config/openbox/menu.xml<br />
'''''Note:''' do this as a regular user, not as root.''<br />
<br />
<tt>rc.xml</tt> 是 Openbox 的核心配置文件。它一般负责快捷键,主题,虚拟桌面和其他的作用。<br />
<br />
<tt>menu.xml</tt> controls the Openbox application menu that appears when you click on your desktop. The default items are pretty sparse, but it's very easy to modify the menu structure to suit your needs. See the menu section below for more details, or visit the [http://icculus.org/openbox/ Openbox website].<br />
<br />
= 让我们开始吧 =<br />
<br />
== 使用 Openbox ==<br />
To run Openbox on its own, simply add the following to the bottom of ~/.xinitrc:<br />
exec openbox-session<br />
<br />
== 在GNOME中使用Openbox ==<br />
#如果你使用GDM,请选择"GNOME/Openbox"登录选项<br />
#如果你使用startx,添加'''exec openbox-gnome-session''' 至 ~/.xinitrc中<br />
#在shell中:<br />
xinit /usr/bin/openbox-gnome-session<br />
<br />
== 在KDE中使用Openbox ==<br />
# 如果你使用GDM,请选择"KDE/Openbox"登录选项<br />
# 如果你使用startx,添加exec openbox-kde-session 至 ~/.xinitrc中<br />
# 在shell中:<br />
$ xinit /usr/bin/openbox-kde-session<br />
<br />
== 在Xfce4中使用Openbox ==<br />
<br />
Log into a normal Xfce4 session. From your terminal of choice, do:<br />
<br />
$ killall xfwm4 ; openbox & exit<br />
<br />
This will kill xfwm4, run Openbox, and close the terminal. <br />
<br />
Log out, making sure to check the "Save session for future logins" checkbox.<br />
<br />
On next login, Xfce4 will use Openbox as its WM.<br />
<br />
To be able to exit the session using xfce4-session, open your file ~/.config/openbox/menu.xml (if it isn't there, copy it from /etc/xdg/openbox/menu.xml). <br />
<br />
Look for the entry:<br />
<br />
<item label="Exit Openbox"><br />
<action name="Exit"><br />
<prompt>yes</prompt><br />
</action><br />
</item><br />
<br />
and change it to:<br />
<br />
<item label="Exit Openbox"><br />
<action name="Exit"><br />
<prompt>yes</prompt><br />
<command>xfce4-session-logout</command><br />
</action><br />
</item><br />
<br />
Otherwise, using the "Exit" entry of the root-menu will cause Openbox to terminate its execution, leaving you without a window manager.<br />
<br />
If you have an issue changing between virtual desktops with the mouse wheel skipping over virtual desktops, open your ~/.config/openbox/rc.xml file and move the mouse binds with actions "DesktopPrevious" and "DesktopNext" from the context "Desktop" to the context "Root" (you may need to define the Root context).<br />
<br />
If you want to use the Openbox root-menu instead of Xfce's, you may terminate Xfdesktop by running the following command in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ xfdesktop --quit<br />
<br />
However, Xfdesktop manages the wallpaper and desktop icons, requiring you to use other utilities, such as ROX, for these functions.<br />
<br />
(When terminating Xfdesktop, the above issue with the virtual desktops is no longer a problem.)<br />
<br />
= 配置 =<br />
<br />
== 偏好 ==<br />
Currently, there are two options for configuring the core Openbox preferences; manually edit the '''rc.xml''', or use the ObConf tool.<br />
<br />
=== 手动设定偏好 ===<br />
<br />
To configure Openbox manually, simply edit '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml''' with your favourite text editor. The config file provides plenty of comments throughout, and [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Contents full documentation] is available at the official website.<br />
<br />
=== 使用ObConf设定偏好 ===<br />
<br />
[http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/ObConf:About ObConf] is GUI-based Openbox configuration tool, which can be used to set most preferences including themes, virtual desktops, window properties and desktop margins.<br />
<br />
To install ObConf, run:<br />
# pacman -S obconf<br />
<br />
'''''Note:''''' ObConf cannot be used to configure keyboard shortcuts and some other advanced features. For these modifications, you must edit '''rc.xml''' manually (see above.)<br />
<br />
== 菜单管理 ==<br />
<br />
The default Openbox menu includes a variety of applications to get you started, but you'll probably want to customize this at some point. There are a number of ways to do so:<br />
<br />
=== 手动 ===<br />
Similar to the '''rc.xml''' file, you can edit '''~/.config/openbox/menu.xml''' with your favourite text editor. Although many of the settings are self-explanatory, [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Menus full documentation] is available.<br />
<br />
=== MenuMaker ===<br />
[http://menumaker.sourceforge.net/ MenuMaker] is a powerful tool that creates XML-based menus for a variety of Window Managers, including Openbox. MenuMaker will search your computer for executable programs and create an XML menu based on the results. It can be configured to exclude Legacy X, GNOME, KDE, or Xfce applications if the user desires.<br />
<br />
MenuMaker is available from the [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=10894 AUR]. <br />
<br />
Once installed, you can generate a complete menu by running:<br />
$ mmaker -v OpenBox3<br />
<br />
By default, MenuMaker will not overwrite an existing menu.xml. To do so, run it with the -f (force) argument:<br />
<br />
$ mmaker -vf OpenBox3<br />
<br />
To see a full list of options, run '''mmaker --help'''<br />
<br />
This will give you a pretty thorough menu. Now you can modify the menu.xml by hand, or simply regenerate the list whenever you install new software.<br />
<br />
=== Obmenu ===<br />
Obmenu is a GUI-based menu editor for Openbox. For those who don't enjoy editing XML source code, this is probably the best option for you.<br />
<br />
It is available in the community repository:<br />
# pacman -S obmenu<br />
<br />
Once installed, simply run '''obmenu''' and add or remove the desired applications.<br />
<br />
==== obm-xdg ====<br />
<tt>obm-xdg</tt> is a command-line tool that comes with Obmenu. It can generate a categorized sub-menu of installed GTK/GNOME applications.<br />
<br />
To use obm-xdg, add the following line to '''~/.config/openbox/menu.xml''':<br />
<br />
<menu execute="obm-xdg" id="xdg-menu" label="xdg"/><br />
<br />
Then run '''openbox --reconfigure''' to refresh the Openbox menu. You should now see a sub-menu labeled '''xdg''' in your menu.<br />
<br />
'''''NOTE:''' If you do not have GNOME installed, then you need to install '''gnome-menus''' package for obm-xdg to work.''<br />
<br />
== Startup Programs ==<br />
Openbox features support for running programs at startup. This is provided by the "openbox-session" command.<br />
<br />
There are two ways to enable autostart:<br />
# If you use startx to log into your X session, change the line that executes ''openbox'' to execute '''openbox-session''' instead.<br />
# If you log in with GDM/KDM, then select the ''Openbox'' session and it will automatically use autostart.<br />
<br />
Startup programs are managed in '''~/.config/openbox/autostart.sh'''. Full instructions and best practices for how to do this are available at the [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Autostart Openbox website].<br />
<br />
== Per-application settings ==<br />
Openbox features per-application settings, allowing you to define rules for your programs. For example, you can:<br />
* load your web browser on a certain desktop<br />
* load your terminal without a window border<br />
* load your torrent client at a certain position on your screen<br />
<br />
These are defined in '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml'''. As you might expect, the instructions are well-documented within the file itself. Full details can also be found here: http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Applications<br />
<br />
== 主题和外观 ==<br />
With the exception of the Openbox Themes topic, the following section is intended for users who have configured Openbox to run as a standalone desktop, without the assistance of GNOME, KDE or Xfce.<br />
<br />
=== Openbox 主题 ===<br />
Openbox themes control the appearance of window borders, including the titlebar and titlebar buttons. They also determine the appearance of the application menu and on-screen display (OSD). <br />
<br />
Additional themes are available from the standard repositories:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S openbox-themes<br />
<br />
This package is by no means definitive. You can download more themes at websites such as:<br />
*[http://www.box-look.org/index.php?xcontentmode=7402 box-look.org]<br />
*[http://customize.org/browse/tags/openbox customize.org]<br />
*http://www.minuslab.net/themes/<br />
*http://celo.wordpress.com/themes/<br />
*http://vault.openmonkey.com/pages/openbox<br />
*http://hewphoria.com/?p=submission&type=theme&cat=7<br />
<br />
Downloaded themes should be extracted to '''~/.themes''' and can be installed or selected with the [[Openbox#Preferences|ObConf]] tool.<br />
<br />
Creating new themes is fairly easy and again [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Themes well-documented].<br />
<br />
=== 桌面墙纸 ===<br />
<br />
Openbox itself does not include a way to change the wallpaper. This can be done easily with programs like [[Feh]] or [[Nitrogen]]. Other options include ImageMagick, hsetroot and xsetbg.<br />
<br />
=== GTK 主题 ===<br />
===== GTK2/GTK+ =====<br />
GTK+ themes can be managed easily with the ''[[LXDE | lxappearance]]'', ''gtk-chtheme'', or ''switch2'' utilities. To install, run:<br />
# pacman -S lxappearance<br />
and/or<br />
# pacman -S gtk-chtheme<br />
and/or<br />
# pacman -S gtk-theme-switch2<br />
<br />
Now you can simply run '''lxappearance''', '''gtk-chtheme''' or '''switch2''' to set the desired theme.<br />
<br />
===== GTK1 =====<br />
For legacy GTK1 themes, install the '''gtk-theme-switch''' package:<br />
# pacman -S gtk-theme-switch<br />
Then run '''''switch''''' to select a desired theme.<br />
<br />
=== GTK 字体 ===<br />
===== 手动编辑配置文件 =====<br />
If you want to change the type and size of your fonts, add the following to '''~/.gtkrc.mine''':<br />
style "user-font"<br />
{<br />
font_name = "[font-name] [size]"<br />
}<br />
widget_class "*" style "user-font"<br />
gtk-font-name = "[font-name] [size]"<br />
<br />
where [font-name] [size] is the desired font and point size. For example:<br />
style "user-font"<br />
{<br />
font_name = "DejaVu Sans 8"<br />
}<br />
widget_class "*" style "user-font"<br />
gtk-font-name = "DejaVu Sans 8"<br />
<br />
Both <tt>font_name</tt> and <tt>gtk-font-name</tt> fields are required for backwards compatibility.<br />
===== 使用GUI工具 =====<br />
You can use '''gtk-chtheme''' or '''lxappearance''' to set GTK font settings. Please refer to the above section.<br />
<br />
=== GTK 图标 ===<br />
First, extract the desired icon theme to '''/usr/share/icons''' (system-wide access) or '''~/.icons''' (local user access), then:<br />
===== Manually edit the config file =====<br />
Add the following to ~/.gtkrc.mine: <br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = "[name-of-icon-theme]"<br />
<br />
where [name-of-icon-theme] is the name of the icon theme directory. For example:<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = "Tango"<br />
<br />
Ensure ~/.gtkrc-2.0 is configured to parse ~/.gtkrc.mine:<br />
<br />
# ~/.gtkrc-2.0<br />
# -- THEME AUTO-WRITTEN DO NOT EDIT<br />
include "/usr/share/themes/Rezlooks-Gilouche/gtk-2.0/gtkrc"<br />
include "/home/username/.gtkrc.mine"<br />
# -- THEME AUTO-WRITTEN DO NOT EDIT<br />
===== Use GUI tools =====<br />
You can use '''lxappearance''' to choose GTK icon themes. Please refer to the above section.<br />
<br />
=== Mouse cursor themes ===<br />
Extract the desired Xcursor theme to either '''/usr/share/icons''' (system-wide access) or '''~/.icons''' (local user access).<br />
<br />
Add this to ~/.Xdefaults:<br />
Xcursor.theme: [name-of-cursor-theme]<br />
where [name-of-cursor-theme] is the name of the cursor theme directory. For example:<br />
Xcursor.theme: Vanilla-DMZ-AA<br />
To change the size:<br />
Xcursor.size: [size]<br />
<br />
=== 桌面图标 ===<br />
Openbox does not provide a means to display icons on the desktop. PcmanFM, [http://rox.sourceforge.net ROX], [http://idesk.sourceforge.net iDesk], or even Nautilus (and the gnome-settings-daemon) can provide this function. <br />
<br />
ROX and PCmanFM have the additional advantage of being lightweight file managers.<br />
<br />
= Tips & Tricks =<br />
<br />
== 推荐程序 == <br />
<br />
=== 登录管理器 ===<br />
[http://slim.berlios.de/ SLiM] provides a lightweight and elegant graphical login solution for standalone Openbox configurations. Refer to Arch's [[SLiM]] wiki for detailed instructions.<br />
<br />
=== Composite Desktop ===<br />
[[Xcompmgr]] is a lightweight composite manager capable of rendering drop shadows, fading and simple window transparency within Openbox and other window managers.<br />
<br />
=== Application Launchers ===<br />
==== dmenu ====<br />
Set-up dmenu as described in the [[dmenu]] wiki article.<br />
<br />
Then, add the following entry to the <keyboard> section '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml''' to enable a shortcut to launch dmenu:<br />
<keybind key="W-p"><br />
<action name="Execute"><br />
<command>~/path/to/your/dmenu-script</command><br />
</action><br />
</keybind><br />
<br />
==== Gmrun ====<br />
[http://sourceforge.net/projects/gmrun gmrun] provides an excellent Run dialog box, similar to the Alt+F2 features found in Gnome and KDE:<br />
pacman -S gmrun<br />
Add the following entry to the <keyboard> section '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml''' to enable Alt+F2 functionality:<br />
<keybind key="A-F2"><br />
<action name="execute"><execute>gmrun</execute></action><br />
</keybind><br />
<br />
=== 文件管理器 ===<br />
<br />
There are many possibilities, but the most popular lightweight file managers are:<br />
* [http://thunar.xfce.org Thunar]. Thunar supports auto-mount features and other plugins. <br />
pacman -S thunar<br />
Thunar may be started in daemon mode for tighter desktop integration. For instance, inserting a USB pendrive will invoke a Thunar window to popup, with the drive contents listed in the window. <br />
<br />
To start Thunar in daemon mode, edit ~/.config/openbox/autostart.sh and add:<br />
thunar --daemon &<br />
<br />
* [http://rox.sourceforge.net ROX] (ROX provides desktop icons)<br />
pacman -S rox<br />
* [http://pcmanfm.sourceforge.net PCMan] (pcmanfm also provides desktop icons)<br />
pacman -S pcmanfm<br />
For even lighter options, consider [http://www.obsession.se/gentoo/ Gentoo] or [http://emelfm.sourceforge.net/ emelFM], both of which use the familiar 'Midnight Commander' two pane layout (these two require gtk 1.2.x).<br />
<br />
Of course, you can also use GNOME's Nautilus. Although slower than the above solutions, it has the additional advantage of VFS support (e.g. remote SSH, FTP and Samba connections).<br />
<br />
=== Clipboard Managers and copy/paste===<br />
You may wish to install a clipboard manager for feature rich copy/paste ability. '''xfce4-clipman-plugin, parcellite,''' or '''glipper-old''' may be installed via pacman. Add your choice to autostart.sh. From the terminal, Ctrl+Insert as copy and Shift+Insert as paste generally works as well. You may also copy from terminal with Ctrl+Shift+C, and paste with mouse middle click.<br />
=== Panels, Trays, and Pagers ===<br />
<br />
There are quite a lot of utilities available that provide a panel (taskbar), system tray, and pager to Openbox. The most common are:<br />
<br />
'''Panels'''<br />
* [http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/PyPanel PyPanel]<br />
* [http://nsf.110mb.com/bmpanel/ bmpanel]<br />
* [http://code.google.com/p/ttm/ Tint]<br />
* [http://sourceforge.net/projects/lxpanel LXPanel]<br />
* [http://fbpanel.sourceforge.net fbpanel]<br />
* [http://perlpanel.org/ PerlPanel]<br />
* [http://www.chatjunkies.org/fspanel/ fspanel]<br />
* [http://www.xfce.org/projects/xfce4-panel/ xfce4-panel]<br />
* [http://developer.gnome.org/arch/gnome/corecomponents/panel/ gnome-panel]<br />
* [http://code.google.com/p/avant-window-navigator/ avant-window-navigator]<br />
* [http://developer.berlios.de/projects/cairo-dock/ cairo-dock]<br />
<br />
'''Trays'''<br />
* [http://stalonetray.sourceforge.net/ Stalonetray]<br />
* [http://download.gna.org/fvwm-crystal/trayer/1.0/ Trayer]<br />
<br />
'''Pagers'''<br />
* [http://projects.l3ib.org/trac/visibility Visibility]<br />
* [http://bbtools.sourceforge.net/ bbpager]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=970 netwmpager]<br />
* [http://useperl.ru/ipager/index.en.html IPager]<br />
<br />
Make your choice and add it to your startup file.<br />
<br />
== Get xprop values for per-app settings quickly ==<br />
If you use per-application settings frequently, you might find this bash alias handy:<br />
<br />
alias xp='xprop | grep "WM_WINDOW_ROLE\|WM_CLASS" && echo "WM_CLASS(STRING) = \"NAME\", \"CLASS\""'<br />
<br />
To use, run '''xp''' and click on the running program that you'd like to define with per-app settings. The result will display only the info that Openbox requires, namely the WM_WINDOW_ROLE and WM_CLASS (name and class) values:<br />
<br />
[thayer@dublin:~] $ xp<br />
WM_WINDOW_ROLE(STRING) = "roster"<br />
WM_CLASS(STRING) = "gajim.py", "Gajim.py"<br />
WM_CLASS(STRING) = "NAME", "CLASS"<br />
<br />
== Linking the menu to a command ==<br />
Some people would want to link the Openbox main menu, or any other, to a command. This is useful for creating a menu button in a panel, for example. Although Openbox doesn't support this, a very simple script , xdotool, can simulate a keypress by running a command. Xdotool is available on AUR [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?do_Details=1&ID=14789&O=0&L=0&C=0&K=xdotool&SB=n&SO=a&PP=25&do_MyPackages=0&do_Orphans=0&SeB=nd here]. To use it, simply add the following code to the <keyboard> section of your rc.xml:<br />
<keybind key="A-C-q"><br />
<action name="ShowMenu"><br />
<menu>root-menu</menu><br />
</action><br />
</keybind><br />
Restart/reconfigure Openbox. You can now magically summon your menu at your cursor position by running the following command:<br />
# xdotool key ctrl+alt+q<br />
Of course, you can change the shortcut to your liking.<br />
<br />
== Urxvt in the background == <br />
With Openbox, running a terminal as desktop background is easy. You won't need '''devilspie''' here.<br />
<br />
First you must enable transparency, open your '''.Xdefaults''' file (if it doesn't exist yet, create it in your home folder).<br />
URxvt*transparent:true<br />
URxvt*scrollBar:false<br />
URxvt*geometry:124x24 #I don't use the whole screen, if you want a full screen term don't bother with this and see below.<br />
URxvt*borderLess:true<br />
URxvt*foreground:Black #Font color. My wallpaper is White, you may wish to change this to White.<br />
<br />
Then edit your '''.config/openbox/rc.xml''' file :<br />
<application name="urxvt"><br />
<decor>no</decor><br />
<focus>yes</focus><br />
<position><br />
<x>center</x><br />
<y>20</y><br />
</position><br />
<layer>below</layer><br />
<desktop>all</desktop><br />
<maximized>true</maximized> #Only if you want a full size terminal.<br />
</application><br />
<br />
The ''magic'' comes from the '''<layer>below</layer>''' line, which place the application under all others. Here Urxvt is displayed on all desktops, change it to your convenience.<br />
<br />
= 附加资源 =<br />
* [http://icculus.org/openbox/ Openbox Website] - The official website<br />
* [http://planetob.openmonkey.com/ Planet Openbox] - Openbox news portal<br />
* [http://www.box-look.org/ Box-Look.org] - A good resource for themes and related artwork<br />
* [http://archux.com/page/application-recommendations Application recommendations]</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Openbox_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48868Openbox (简体中文)2008-09-05T13:26:16Z<p>Imagelife: /* Recommended Programs */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Desktop environments (English)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (English)]]<br />
<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|Openbox}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Русский|Openbox (Русский)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Español|Openbox (Español)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|Openbox(简体中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
= 说明 =<br />
<br />
Openbox 是一个轻量级、可高度定制以及支持大量标准的窗口管理器。Its features are well-documented at the [http://icculus.org/openbox/ official website]. 这篇文章是关于在 Arch Linux 下 运行 Openbox。<br />
<br />
= 安装 =<br />
Openbox 可以从 Archlinux 的仓库里得到:<br />
# pacman -S openbox<br />
<br />
一旦安装完毕, pacman 会指导你拷贝默认 <tt>menu.xml</tt> & <tt>rc.xml</tt> 配置文件到 <tt>~/.config/openbox/</tt> 目录下, 示例如下:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir -p ~/.config/openbox/<br />
$ cp /etc/xdg/openbox/rc.xml ~/.config/openbox/rc.xml<br />
$ cp /etc/xdg/openbox/menu.xml ~/.config/openbox/menu.xml<br />
'''''Note:''' do this as a regular user, not as root.''<br />
<br />
<tt>rc.xml</tt> 是 Openbox 的核心配置文件。它一般负责快捷键,主题,虚拟桌面和其他的作用。<br />
<br />
<tt>menu.xml</tt> controls the Openbox application menu that appears when you click on your desktop. The default items are pretty sparse, but it's very easy to modify the menu structure to suit your needs. See the menu section below for more details, or visit the [http://icculus.org/openbox/ Openbox website].<br />
<br />
= 让我们开始吧 =<br />
<br />
== 使用 Openbox ==<br />
To run Openbox on its own, simply add the following to the bottom of ~/.xinitrc:<br />
exec openbox-session<br />
<br />
== 在GNOME中使用Openbox ==<br />
#如果你使用GDM,请选择"GNOME/Openbox"登录选项<br />
#如果你使用startx,添加'''exec openbox-gnome-session''' 至 ~/.xinitrc中<br />
#在shell中:<br />
xinit /usr/bin/openbox-gnome-session<br />
<br />
== 在KDE中使用Openbox ==<br />
# 如果你使用GDM,请选择"KDE/Openbox"登录选项<br />
# 如果你使用startx,添加exec openbox-kde-session 至 ~/.xinitrc中<br />
# 在shell中:<br />
$ xinit /usr/bin/openbox-kde-session<br />
<br />
== 在Xfce4中使用Openbox ==<br />
<br />
Log into a normal Xfce4 session. From your terminal of choice, do:<br />
<br />
$ killall xfwm4 ; openbox & exit<br />
<br />
This will kill xfwm4, run Openbox, and close the terminal. <br />
<br />
Log out, making sure to check the "Save session for future logins" checkbox.<br />
<br />
On next login, Xfce4 will use Openbox as its WM.<br />
<br />
To be able to exit the session using xfce4-session, open your file ~/.config/openbox/menu.xml (if it isn't there, copy it from /etc/xdg/openbox/menu.xml). <br />
<br />
Look for the entry:<br />
<br />
<item label="Exit Openbox"><br />
<action name="Exit"><br />
<prompt>yes</prompt><br />
</action><br />
</item><br />
<br />
and change it to:<br />
<br />
<item label="Exit Openbox"><br />
<action name="Exit"><br />
<prompt>yes</prompt><br />
<command>xfce4-session-logout</command><br />
</action><br />
</item><br />
<br />
Otherwise, using the "Exit" entry of the root-menu will cause Openbox to terminate its execution, leaving you without a window manager.<br />
<br />
If you have an issue changing between virtual desktops with the mouse wheel skipping over virtual desktops, open your ~/.config/openbox/rc.xml file and move the mouse binds with actions "DesktopPrevious" and "DesktopNext" from the context "Desktop" to the context "Root" (you may need to define the Root context).<br />
<br />
If you want to use the Openbox root-menu instead of Xfce's, you may terminate Xfdesktop by running the following command in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ xfdesktop --quit<br />
<br />
However, Xfdesktop manages the wallpaper and desktop icons, requiring you to use other utilities, such as ROX, for these functions.<br />
<br />
(When terminating Xfdesktop, the above issue with the virtual desktops is no longer a problem.)<br />
<br />
= 配置 =<br />
<br />
== 偏好 ==<br />
Currently, there are two options for configuring the core Openbox preferences; manually edit the '''rc.xml''', or use the ObConf tool.<br />
<br />
=== 手动设定偏好 ===<br />
<br />
To configure Openbox manually, simply edit '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml''' with your favourite text editor. The config file provides plenty of comments throughout, and [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Contents full documentation] is available at the official website.<br />
<br />
=== 使用ObConf设定偏好 ===<br />
<br />
[http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/ObConf:About ObConf] is GUI-based Openbox configuration tool, which can be used to set most preferences including themes, virtual desktops, window properties and desktop margins.<br />
<br />
To install ObConf, run:<br />
# pacman -S obconf<br />
<br />
'''''Note:''''' ObConf cannot be used to configure keyboard shortcuts and some other advanced features. For these modifications, you must edit '''rc.xml''' manually (see above.)<br />
<br />
== 菜单管理 ==<br />
<br />
The default Openbox menu includes a variety of applications to get you started, but you'll probably want to customize this at some point. There are a number of ways to do so:<br />
<br />
=== 手动 ===<br />
Similar to the '''rc.xml''' file, you can edit '''~/.config/openbox/menu.xml''' with your favourite text editor. Although many of the settings are self-explanatory, [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Menus full documentation] is available.<br />
<br />
=== MenuMaker ===<br />
[http://menumaker.sourceforge.net/ MenuMaker] is a powerful tool that creates XML-based menus for a variety of Window Managers, including Openbox. MenuMaker will search your computer for executable programs and create an XML menu based on the results. It can be configured to exclude Legacy X, GNOME, KDE, or Xfce applications if the user desires.<br />
<br />
MenuMaker is available from the [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=10894 AUR]. <br />
<br />
Once installed, you can generate a complete menu by running:<br />
$ mmaker -v OpenBox3<br />
<br />
By default, MenuMaker will not overwrite an existing menu.xml. To do so, run it with the -f (force) argument:<br />
<br />
$ mmaker -vf OpenBox3<br />
<br />
To see a full list of options, run '''mmaker --help'''<br />
<br />
This will give you a pretty thorough menu. Now you can modify the menu.xml by hand, or simply regenerate the list whenever you install new software.<br />
<br />
=== Obmenu ===<br />
Obmenu is a GUI-based menu editor for Openbox. For those who don't enjoy editing XML source code, this is probably the best option for you.<br />
<br />
It is available in the community repository:<br />
# pacman -S obmenu<br />
<br />
Once installed, simply run '''obmenu''' and add or remove the desired applications.<br />
<br />
==== obm-xdg ====<br />
<tt>obm-xdg</tt> is a command-line tool that comes with Obmenu. It can generate a categorized sub-menu of installed GTK/GNOME applications.<br />
<br />
To use obm-xdg, add the following line to '''~/.config/openbox/menu.xml''':<br />
<br />
<menu execute="obm-xdg" id="xdg-menu" label="xdg"/><br />
<br />
Then run '''openbox --reconfigure''' to refresh the Openbox menu. You should now see a sub-menu labeled '''xdg''' in your menu.<br />
<br />
'''''NOTE:''' If you do not have GNOME installed, then you need to install '''gnome-menus''' package for obm-xdg to work.''<br />
<br />
== Startup Programs ==<br />
Openbox features support for running programs at startup. This is provided by the "openbox-session" command.<br />
<br />
There are two ways to enable autostart:<br />
# If you use startx to log into your X session, change the line that executes ''openbox'' to execute '''openbox-session''' instead.<br />
# If you log in with GDM/KDM, then select the ''Openbox'' session and it will automatically use autostart.<br />
<br />
Startup programs are managed in '''~/.config/openbox/autostart.sh'''. Full instructions and best practices for how to do this are available at the [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Autostart Openbox website].<br />
<br />
== Per-application settings ==<br />
Openbox features per-application settings, allowing you to define rules for your programs. For example, you can:<br />
* load your web browser on a certain desktop<br />
* load your terminal without a window border<br />
* load your torrent client at a certain position on your screen<br />
<br />
These are defined in '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml'''. As you might expect, the instructions are well-documented within the file itself. Full details can also be found here: http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Applications<br />
<br />
== 主题和外观 ==<br />
With the exception of the Openbox Themes topic, the following section is intended for users who have configured Openbox to run as a standalone desktop, without the assistance of GNOME, KDE or Xfce.<br />
<br />
=== Openbox 主题 ===<br />
Openbox themes control the appearance of window borders, including the titlebar and titlebar buttons. They also determine the appearance of the application menu and on-screen display (OSD). <br />
<br />
Additional themes are available from the standard repositories:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S openbox-themes<br />
<br />
This package is by no means definitive. You can download more themes at websites such as:<br />
*[http://www.box-look.org/index.php?xcontentmode=7402 box-look.org]<br />
*[http://customize.org/browse/tags/openbox customize.org]<br />
*http://www.minuslab.net/themes/<br />
*http://celo.wordpress.com/themes/<br />
*http://vault.openmonkey.com/pages/openbox<br />
*http://hewphoria.com/?p=submission&type=theme&cat=7<br />
<br />
Downloaded themes should be extracted to '''~/.themes''' and can be installed or selected with the [[Openbox#Preferences|ObConf]] tool.<br />
<br />
Creating new themes is fairly easy and again [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Themes well-documented].<br />
<br />
=== 桌面墙纸 ===<br />
<br />
Openbox itself does not include a way to change the wallpaper. This can be done easily with programs like [[Feh]] or [[Nitrogen]]. Other options include ImageMagick, hsetroot and xsetbg.<br />
<br />
=== GTK 主题 ===<br />
===== GTK2/GTK+ =====<br />
GTK+ themes can be managed easily with the ''[[LXDE | lxappearance]]'', ''gtk-chtheme'', or ''switch2'' utilities. To install, run:<br />
# pacman -S lxappearance<br />
and/or<br />
# pacman -S gtk-chtheme<br />
and/or<br />
# pacman -S gtk-theme-switch2<br />
<br />
Now you can simply run '''lxappearance''', '''gtk-chtheme''' or '''switch2''' to set the desired theme.<br />
<br />
===== GTK1 =====<br />
For legacy GTK1 themes, install the '''gtk-theme-switch''' package:<br />
# pacman -S gtk-theme-switch<br />
Then run '''''switch''''' to select a desired theme.<br />
<br />
=== GTK 字体 ===<br />
===== 手动编辑配置文件 =====<br />
If you want to change the type and size of your fonts, add the following to '''~/.gtkrc.mine''':<br />
style "user-font"<br />
{<br />
font_name = "[font-name] [size]"<br />
}<br />
widget_class "*" style "user-font"<br />
gtk-font-name = "[font-name] [size]"<br />
<br />
where [font-name] [size] is the desired font and point size. For example:<br />
style "user-font"<br />
{<br />
font_name = "DejaVu Sans 8"<br />
}<br />
widget_class "*" style "user-font"<br />
gtk-font-name = "DejaVu Sans 8"<br />
<br />
Both <tt>font_name</tt> and <tt>gtk-font-name</tt> fields are required for backwards compatibility.<br />
===== 使用GUI工具 =====<br />
You can use '''gtk-chtheme''' or '''lxappearance''' to set GTK font settings. Please refer to the above section.<br />
<br />
=== GTK 图标 ===<br />
First, extract the desired icon theme to '''/usr/share/icons''' (system-wide access) or '''~/.icons''' (local user access), then:<br />
===== Manually edit the config file =====<br />
Add the following to ~/.gtkrc.mine: <br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = "[name-of-icon-theme]"<br />
<br />
where [name-of-icon-theme] is the name of the icon theme directory. For example:<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = "Tango"<br />
<br />
Ensure ~/.gtkrc-2.0 is configured to parse ~/.gtkrc.mine:<br />
<br />
# ~/.gtkrc-2.0<br />
# -- THEME AUTO-WRITTEN DO NOT EDIT<br />
include "/usr/share/themes/Rezlooks-Gilouche/gtk-2.0/gtkrc"<br />
include "/home/username/.gtkrc.mine"<br />
# -- THEME AUTO-WRITTEN DO NOT EDIT<br />
===== Use GUI tools =====<br />
You can use '''lxappearance''' to choose GTK icon themes. Please refer to the above section.<br />
<br />
=== Mouse cursor themes ===<br />
Extract the desired Xcursor theme to either '''/usr/share/icons''' (system-wide access) or '''~/.icons''' (local user access).<br />
<br />
Add this to ~/.Xdefaults:<br />
Xcursor.theme: [name-of-cursor-theme]<br />
where [name-of-cursor-theme] is the name of the cursor theme directory. For example:<br />
Xcursor.theme: Vanilla-DMZ-AA<br />
To change the size:<br />
Xcursor.size: [size]<br />
<br />
=== 桌面图标 ===<br />
Openbox does not provide a means to display icons on the desktop. PcmanFM, [http://rox.sourceforge.net ROX], [http://idesk.sourceforge.net iDesk], or even Nautilus (and the gnome-settings-daemon) can provide this function. <br />
<br />
ROX and PCmanFM have the additional advantage of being lightweight file managers.<br />
<br />
= Tips & Tricks =<br />
<br />
== 推荐程序 == <br />
<br />
=== 登录管理器 ===<br />
[http://slim.berlios.de/ SLiM] provides a lightweight and elegant graphical login solution for standalone Openbox configurations. Refer to Arch's [[SLiM]] wiki for detailed instructions.<br />
<br />
=== Composite Desktop ===<br />
[[Xcompmgr]] is a lightweight composite manager capable of rendering drop shadows, fading and simple window transparency within Openbox and other window managers.<br />
<br />
=== Application Launchers ===<br />
==== dmenu ====<br />
Set-up dmenu as described in the [[dmenu]] wiki article.<br />
<br />
Then, add the following entry to the <keyboard> section '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml''' to enable a shortcut to launch dmenu:<br />
<keybind key="W-p"><br />
<action name="Execute"><br />
<command>~/path/to/your/dmenu-script</command><br />
</action><br />
</keybind><br />
<br />
==== Gmrun ====<br />
[http://sourceforge.net/projects/gmrun gmrun] provides an excellent Run dialog box, similar to the Alt+F2 features found in Gnome and KDE:<br />
pacman -S gmrun<br />
Add the following entry to the <keyboard> section '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml''' to enable Alt+F2 functionality:<br />
<keybind key="A-F2"><br />
<action name="execute"><execute>gmrun</execute></action><br />
</keybind><br />
<br />
=== 文件管理器 ===<br />
<br />
There are many possibilities, but the most popular lightweight file managers are:<br />
* [http://thunar.xfce.org Thunar]. Thunar supports auto-mount features and other plugins. <br />
pacman -S thunar<br />
Thunar may be started in daemon mode for tighter desktop integration. For instance, inserting a USB pendrive will invoke a Thunar window to popup, with the drive contents listed in the window. <br />
<br />
To start Thunar in daemon mode, edit ~/.config/openbox/autostart.sh and add:<br />
thunar --daemon &<br />
<br />
* [http://rox.sourceforge.net ROX] (ROX provides desktop icons)<br />
pacman -S rox<br />
* [http://pcmanfm.sourceforge.net PCMan] (pcmanfm also provides desktop icons)<br />
pacman -S pcmanfm<br />
For even lighter options, consider [http://www.obsession.se/gentoo/ Gentoo] or [http://emelfm.sourceforge.net/ emelFM], both of which use the familiar 'Midnight Commander' two pane layout (these two require gtk 1.2.x).<br />
<br />
Of course, you can also use GNOME's Nautilus. Although slower than the above solutions, it has the additional advantage of VFS support (e.g. remote SSH, FTP and Samba connections).<br />
<br />
=== Clipboard Managers and copy/paste===<br />
You may wish to install a clipboard manager for feature rich copy/paste ability. '''xfce4-clipman-plugin, parcellite,''' or '''glipper-old''' may be installed via pacman. Add your choice to autostart.sh. From the terminal, Ctrl+Insert as copy and Shift+Insert as paste generally works as well. You may also copy from terminal with Ctrl+Shift+C, and paste with mouse middle click.<br />
=== Panels, Trays, and Pagers ===<br />
<br />
There are quite a lot of utilities available that provide a panel (taskbar), system tray, and pager to Openbox. The most common are:<br />
<br />
'''Panels'''<br />
* [http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/PyPanel PyPanel]<br />
* [http://nsf.110mb.com/bmpanel/ bmpanel]<br />
* [http://code.google.com/p/ttm/ Tint]<br />
* [http://sourceforge.net/projects/lxpanel LXPanel]<br />
* [http://fbpanel.sourceforge.net fbpanel]<br />
* [http://perlpanel.org/ PerlPanel]<br />
* [http://www.chatjunkies.org/fspanel/ fspanel]<br />
* [http://www.xfce.org/projects/xfce4-panel/ xfce4-panel]<br />
* [http://developer.gnome.org/arch/gnome/corecomponents/panel/ gnome-panel]<br />
* [http://code.google.com/p/avant-window-navigator/ avant-window-navigator]<br />
* [http://developer.berlios.de/projects/cairo-dock/ cairo-dock]<br />
<br />
'''Trays'''<br />
* [http://stalonetray.sourceforge.net/ Stalonetray]<br />
* [http://download.gna.org/fvwm-crystal/trayer/1.0/ Trayer]<br />
<br />
'''Pagers'''<br />
* [http://projects.l3ib.org/trac/visibility Visibility]<br />
* [http://bbtools.sourceforge.net/ bbpager]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=970 netwmpager]<br />
* [http://useperl.ru/ipager/index.en.html IPager]<br />
<br />
Make your choice and add it to your startup file.<br />
<br />
== Get xprop values for per-app settings quickly ==<br />
If you use per-application settings frequently, you might find this bash alias handy:<br />
<br />
alias xp='xprop | grep "WM_WINDOW_ROLE\|WM_CLASS" && echo "WM_CLASS(STRING) = \"NAME\", \"CLASS\""'<br />
<br />
To use, run '''xp''' and click on the running program that you'd like to define with per-app settings. The result will display only the info that Openbox requires, namely the WM_WINDOW_ROLE and WM_CLASS (name and class) values:<br />
<br />
[thayer@dublin:~] $ xp<br />
WM_WINDOW_ROLE(STRING) = "roster"<br />
WM_CLASS(STRING) = "gajim.py", "Gajim.py"<br />
WM_CLASS(STRING) = "NAME", "CLASS"<br />
<br />
== Linking the menu to a command ==<br />
Some people would want to link the Openbox main menu, or any other, to a command. This is useful for creating a menu button in a panel, for example. Although Openbox doesn't support this, a very simple script , xdotool, can simulate a keypress by running a command. Xdotool is available on AUR [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?do_Details=1&ID=14789&O=0&L=0&C=0&K=xdotool&SB=n&SO=a&PP=25&do_MyPackages=0&do_Orphans=0&SeB=nd here]. To use it, simply add the following code to the <keyboard> section of your rc.xml:<br />
<keybind key="A-C-q"><br />
<action name="ShowMenu"><br />
<menu>root-menu</menu><br />
</action><br />
</keybind><br />
Restart/reconfigure Openbox. You can now magically summon your menu at your cursor position by running the following command:<br />
# xdotool key ctrl+alt+q<br />
Of course, you can change the shortcut to your liking.<br />
<br />
== Urxvt in the background == <br />
With Openbox, running a terminal as desktop background is easy. You won't need '''devilspie''' here.<br />
<br />
First you must enable transparency, open your '''.Xdefaults''' file (if it doesn't exist yet, create it in your home folder).<br />
URxvt*transparent:true<br />
URxvt*scrollBar:false<br />
URxvt*geometry:124x24 #I don't use the whole screen, if you want a full screen term don't bother with this and see below.<br />
URxvt*borderLess:true<br />
URxvt*foreground:Black #Font color. My wallpaper is White, you may wish to change this to White.<br />
<br />
Then edit your '''.config/openbox/rc.xml''' file :<br />
<application name="urxvt"><br />
<decor>no</decor><br />
<focus>yes</focus><br />
<position><br />
<x>center</x><br />
<y>20</y><br />
</position><br />
<layer>below</layer><br />
<desktop>all</desktop><br />
<maximized>true</maximized> #Only if you want a full size terminal.<br />
</application><br />
<br />
The ''magic'' comes from the '''<layer>below</layer>''' line, which place the application under all others. Here Urxvt is displayed on all desktops, change it to your convenience.<br />
<br />
= Additional Resources =<br />
* [http://icculus.org/openbox/ Openbox Website] - The official website<br />
* [http://planetob.openmonkey.com/ Planet Openbox] - Openbox news portal<br />
* [http://www.box-look.org/ Box-Look.org] - A good resource for themes and related artwork<br />
* [http://archux.com/page/application-recommendations Application recommendations]</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Openbox_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48867Openbox (简体中文)2008-09-05T13:24:35Z<p>Imagelife: /* Theming and Appearance */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Desktop environments (English)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (English)]]<br />
<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|Openbox}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Русский|Openbox (Русский)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Español|Openbox (Español)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|Openbox(简体中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
= 说明 =<br />
<br />
Openbox 是一个轻量级、可高度定制以及支持大量标准的窗口管理器。Its features are well-documented at the [http://icculus.org/openbox/ official website]. 这篇文章是关于在 Arch Linux 下 运行 Openbox。<br />
<br />
= 安装 =<br />
Openbox 可以从 Archlinux 的仓库里得到:<br />
# pacman -S openbox<br />
<br />
一旦安装完毕, pacman 会指导你拷贝默认 <tt>menu.xml</tt> & <tt>rc.xml</tt> 配置文件到 <tt>~/.config/openbox/</tt> 目录下, 示例如下:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir -p ~/.config/openbox/<br />
$ cp /etc/xdg/openbox/rc.xml ~/.config/openbox/rc.xml<br />
$ cp /etc/xdg/openbox/menu.xml ~/.config/openbox/menu.xml<br />
'''''Note:''' do this as a regular user, not as root.''<br />
<br />
<tt>rc.xml</tt> 是 Openbox 的核心配置文件。它一般负责快捷键,主题,虚拟桌面和其他的作用。<br />
<br />
<tt>menu.xml</tt> controls the Openbox application menu that appears when you click on your desktop. The default items are pretty sparse, but it's very easy to modify the menu structure to suit your needs. See the menu section below for more details, or visit the [http://icculus.org/openbox/ Openbox website].<br />
<br />
= 让我们开始吧 =<br />
<br />
== 使用 Openbox ==<br />
To run Openbox on its own, simply add the following to the bottom of ~/.xinitrc:<br />
exec openbox-session<br />
<br />
== 在GNOME中使用Openbox ==<br />
#如果你使用GDM,请选择"GNOME/Openbox"登录选项<br />
#如果你使用startx,添加'''exec openbox-gnome-session''' 至 ~/.xinitrc中<br />
#在shell中:<br />
xinit /usr/bin/openbox-gnome-session<br />
<br />
== 在KDE中使用Openbox ==<br />
# 如果你使用GDM,请选择"KDE/Openbox"登录选项<br />
# 如果你使用startx,添加exec openbox-kde-session 至 ~/.xinitrc中<br />
# 在shell中:<br />
$ xinit /usr/bin/openbox-kde-session<br />
<br />
== 在Xfce4中使用Openbox ==<br />
<br />
Log into a normal Xfce4 session. From your terminal of choice, do:<br />
<br />
$ killall xfwm4 ; openbox & exit<br />
<br />
This will kill xfwm4, run Openbox, and close the terminal. <br />
<br />
Log out, making sure to check the "Save session for future logins" checkbox.<br />
<br />
On next login, Xfce4 will use Openbox as its WM.<br />
<br />
To be able to exit the session using xfce4-session, open your file ~/.config/openbox/menu.xml (if it isn't there, copy it from /etc/xdg/openbox/menu.xml). <br />
<br />
Look for the entry:<br />
<br />
<item label="Exit Openbox"><br />
<action name="Exit"><br />
<prompt>yes</prompt><br />
</action><br />
</item><br />
<br />
and change it to:<br />
<br />
<item label="Exit Openbox"><br />
<action name="Exit"><br />
<prompt>yes</prompt><br />
<command>xfce4-session-logout</command><br />
</action><br />
</item><br />
<br />
Otherwise, using the "Exit" entry of the root-menu will cause Openbox to terminate its execution, leaving you without a window manager.<br />
<br />
If you have an issue changing between virtual desktops with the mouse wheel skipping over virtual desktops, open your ~/.config/openbox/rc.xml file and move the mouse binds with actions "DesktopPrevious" and "DesktopNext" from the context "Desktop" to the context "Root" (you may need to define the Root context).<br />
<br />
If you want to use the Openbox root-menu instead of Xfce's, you may terminate Xfdesktop by running the following command in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ xfdesktop --quit<br />
<br />
However, Xfdesktop manages the wallpaper and desktop icons, requiring you to use other utilities, such as ROX, for these functions.<br />
<br />
(When terminating Xfdesktop, the above issue with the virtual desktops is no longer a problem.)<br />
<br />
= 配置 =<br />
<br />
== 偏好 ==<br />
Currently, there are two options for configuring the core Openbox preferences; manually edit the '''rc.xml''', or use the ObConf tool.<br />
<br />
=== 手动设定偏好 ===<br />
<br />
To configure Openbox manually, simply edit '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml''' with your favourite text editor. The config file provides plenty of comments throughout, and [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Contents full documentation] is available at the official website.<br />
<br />
=== 使用ObConf设定偏好 ===<br />
<br />
[http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/ObConf:About ObConf] is GUI-based Openbox configuration tool, which can be used to set most preferences including themes, virtual desktops, window properties and desktop margins.<br />
<br />
To install ObConf, run:<br />
# pacman -S obconf<br />
<br />
'''''Note:''''' ObConf cannot be used to configure keyboard shortcuts and some other advanced features. For these modifications, you must edit '''rc.xml''' manually (see above.)<br />
<br />
== 菜单管理 ==<br />
<br />
The default Openbox menu includes a variety of applications to get you started, but you'll probably want to customize this at some point. There are a number of ways to do so:<br />
<br />
=== 手动 ===<br />
Similar to the '''rc.xml''' file, you can edit '''~/.config/openbox/menu.xml''' with your favourite text editor. Although many of the settings are self-explanatory, [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Menus full documentation] is available.<br />
<br />
=== MenuMaker ===<br />
[http://menumaker.sourceforge.net/ MenuMaker] is a powerful tool that creates XML-based menus for a variety of Window Managers, including Openbox. MenuMaker will search your computer for executable programs and create an XML menu based on the results. It can be configured to exclude Legacy X, GNOME, KDE, or Xfce applications if the user desires.<br />
<br />
MenuMaker is available from the [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=10894 AUR]. <br />
<br />
Once installed, you can generate a complete menu by running:<br />
$ mmaker -v OpenBox3<br />
<br />
By default, MenuMaker will not overwrite an existing menu.xml. To do so, run it with the -f (force) argument:<br />
<br />
$ mmaker -vf OpenBox3<br />
<br />
To see a full list of options, run '''mmaker --help'''<br />
<br />
This will give you a pretty thorough menu. Now you can modify the menu.xml by hand, or simply regenerate the list whenever you install new software.<br />
<br />
=== Obmenu ===<br />
Obmenu is a GUI-based menu editor for Openbox. For those who don't enjoy editing XML source code, this is probably the best option for you.<br />
<br />
It is available in the community repository:<br />
# pacman -S obmenu<br />
<br />
Once installed, simply run '''obmenu''' and add or remove the desired applications.<br />
<br />
==== obm-xdg ====<br />
<tt>obm-xdg</tt> is a command-line tool that comes with Obmenu. It can generate a categorized sub-menu of installed GTK/GNOME applications.<br />
<br />
To use obm-xdg, add the following line to '''~/.config/openbox/menu.xml''':<br />
<br />
<menu execute="obm-xdg" id="xdg-menu" label="xdg"/><br />
<br />
Then run '''openbox --reconfigure''' to refresh the Openbox menu. You should now see a sub-menu labeled '''xdg''' in your menu.<br />
<br />
'''''NOTE:''' If you do not have GNOME installed, then you need to install '''gnome-menus''' package for obm-xdg to work.''<br />
<br />
== Startup Programs ==<br />
Openbox features support for running programs at startup. This is provided by the "openbox-session" command.<br />
<br />
There are two ways to enable autostart:<br />
# If you use startx to log into your X session, change the line that executes ''openbox'' to execute '''openbox-session''' instead.<br />
# If you log in with GDM/KDM, then select the ''Openbox'' session and it will automatically use autostart.<br />
<br />
Startup programs are managed in '''~/.config/openbox/autostart.sh'''. Full instructions and best practices for how to do this are available at the [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Autostart Openbox website].<br />
<br />
== Per-application settings ==<br />
Openbox features per-application settings, allowing you to define rules for your programs. For example, you can:<br />
* load your web browser on a certain desktop<br />
* load your terminal without a window border<br />
* load your torrent client at a certain position on your screen<br />
<br />
These are defined in '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml'''. As you might expect, the instructions are well-documented within the file itself. Full details can also be found here: http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Applications<br />
<br />
== 主题和外观 ==<br />
With the exception of the Openbox Themes topic, the following section is intended for users who have configured Openbox to run as a standalone desktop, without the assistance of GNOME, KDE or Xfce.<br />
<br />
=== Openbox 主题 ===<br />
Openbox themes control the appearance of window borders, including the titlebar and titlebar buttons. They also determine the appearance of the application menu and on-screen display (OSD). <br />
<br />
Additional themes are available from the standard repositories:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S openbox-themes<br />
<br />
This package is by no means definitive. You can download more themes at websites such as:<br />
*[http://www.box-look.org/index.php?xcontentmode=7402 box-look.org]<br />
*[http://customize.org/browse/tags/openbox customize.org]<br />
*http://www.minuslab.net/themes/<br />
*http://celo.wordpress.com/themes/<br />
*http://vault.openmonkey.com/pages/openbox<br />
*http://hewphoria.com/?p=submission&type=theme&cat=7<br />
<br />
Downloaded themes should be extracted to '''~/.themes''' and can be installed or selected with the [[Openbox#Preferences|ObConf]] tool.<br />
<br />
Creating new themes is fairly easy and again [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Themes well-documented].<br />
<br />
=== 桌面墙纸 ===<br />
<br />
Openbox itself does not include a way to change the wallpaper. This can be done easily with programs like [[Feh]] or [[Nitrogen]]. Other options include ImageMagick, hsetroot and xsetbg.<br />
<br />
=== GTK 主题 ===<br />
===== GTK2/GTK+ =====<br />
GTK+ themes can be managed easily with the ''[[LXDE | lxappearance]]'', ''gtk-chtheme'', or ''switch2'' utilities. To install, run:<br />
# pacman -S lxappearance<br />
and/or<br />
# pacman -S gtk-chtheme<br />
and/or<br />
# pacman -S gtk-theme-switch2<br />
<br />
Now you can simply run '''lxappearance''', '''gtk-chtheme''' or '''switch2''' to set the desired theme.<br />
<br />
===== GTK1 =====<br />
For legacy GTK1 themes, install the '''gtk-theme-switch''' package:<br />
# pacman -S gtk-theme-switch<br />
Then run '''''switch''''' to select a desired theme.<br />
<br />
=== GTK 字体 ===<br />
===== 手动编辑配置文件 =====<br />
If you want to change the type and size of your fonts, add the following to '''~/.gtkrc.mine''':<br />
style "user-font"<br />
{<br />
font_name = "[font-name] [size]"<br />
}<br />
widget_class "*" style "user-font"<br />
gtk-font-name = "[font-name] [size]"<br />
<br />
where [font-name] [size] is the desired font and point size. For example:<br />
style "user-font"<br />
{<br />
font_name = "DejaVu Sans 8"<br />
}<br />
widget_class "*" style "user-font"<br />
gtk-font-name = "DejaVu Sans 8"<br />
<br />
Both <tt>font_name</tt> and <tt>gtk-font-name</tt> fields are required for backwards compatibility.<br />
===== 使用GUI工具 =====<br />
You can use '''gtk-chtheme''' or '''lxappearance''' to set GTK font settings. Please refer to the above section.<br />
<br />
=== GTK 图标 ===<br />
First, extract the desired icon theme to '''/usr/share/icons''' (system-wide access) or '''~/.icons''' (local user access), then:<br />
===== Manually edit the config file =====<br />
Add the following to ~/.gtkrc.mine: <br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = "[name-of-icon-theme]"<br />
<br />
where [name-of-icon-theme] is the name of the icon theme directory. For example:<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = "Tango"<br />
<br />
Ensure ~/.gtkrc-2.0 is configured to parse ~/.gtkrc.mine:<br />
<br />
# ~/.gtkrc-2.0<br />
# -- THEME AUTO-WRITTEN DO NOT EDIT<br />
include "/usr/share/themes/Rezlooks-Gilouche/gtk-2.0/gtkrc"<br />
include "/home/username/.gtkrc.mine"<br />
# -- THEME AUTO-WRITTEN DO NOT EDIT<br />
===== Use GUI tools =====<br />
You can use '''lxappearance''' to choose GTK icon themes. Please refer to the above section.<br />
<br />
=== Mouse cursor themes ===<br />
Extract the desired Xcursor theme to either '''/usr/share/icons''' (system-wide access) or '''~/.icons''' (local user access).<br />
<br />
Add this to ~/.Xdefaults:<br />
Xcursor.theme: [name-of-cursor-theme]<br />
where [name-of-cursor-theme] is the name of the cursor theme directory. For example:<br />
Xcursor.theme: Vanilla-DMZ-AA<br />
To change the size:<br />
Xcursor.size: [size]<br />
<br />
=== 桌面图标 ===<br />
Openbox does not provide a means to display icons on the desktop. PcmanFM, [http://rox.sourceforge.net ROX], [http://idesk.sourceforge.net iDesk], or even Nautilus (and the gnome-settings-daemon) can provide this function. <br />
<br />
ROX and PCmanFM have the additional advantage of being lightweight file managers.<br />
<br />
= Tips & Tricks =<br />
<br />
== Recommended Programs == <br />
<br />
=== Login Managers ===<br />
[http://slim.berlios.de/ SLiM] provides a lightweight and elegant graphical login solution for standalone Openbox configurations. Refer to Arch's [[SLiM]] wiki for detailed instructions.<br />
<br />
=== Composite Desktop ===<br />
[[Xcompmgr]] is a lightweight composite manager capable of rendering drop shadows, fading and simple window transparency within Openbox and other window managers.<br />
<br />
=== Application Launchers ===<br />
==== dmenu ====<br />
Set-up dmenu as described in the [[dmenu]] wiki article.<br />
<br />
Then, add the following entry to the <keyboard> section '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml''' to enable a shortcut to launch dmenu:<br />
<keybind key="W-p"><br />
<action name="Execute"><br />
<command>~/path/to/your/dmenu-script</command><br />
</action><br />
</keybind><br />
<br />
==== Gmrun ====<br />
[http://sourceforge.net/projects/gmrun gmrun] provides an excellent Run dialog box, similar to the Alt+F2 features found in Gnome and KDE:<br />
pacman -S gmrun<br />
Add the following entry to the <keyboard> section '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml''' to enable Alt+F2 functionality:<br />
<keybind key="A-F2"><br />
<action name="execute"><execute>gmrun</execute></action><br />
</keybind><br />
<br />
=== File managers ===<br />
<br />
There are many possibilities, but the most popular lightweight file managers are:<br />
* [http://thunar.xfce.org Thunar]. Thunar supports auto-mount features and other plugins. <br />
pacman -S thunar<br />
Thunar may be started in daemon mode for tighter desktop integration. For instance, inserting a USB pendrive will invoke a Thunar window to popup, with the drive contents listed in the window. <br />
<br />
To start Thunar in daemon mode, edit ~/.config/openbox/autostart.sh and add:<br />
thunar --daemon &<br />
<br />
* [http://rox.sourceforge.net ROX] (ROX provides desktop icons)<br />
pacman -S rox<br />
* [http://pcmanfm.sourceforge.net PCMan] (pcmanfm also provides desktop icons)<br />
pacman -S pcmanfm<br />
For even lighter options, consider [http://www.obsession.se/gentoo/ Gentoo] or [http://emelfm.sourceforge.net/ emelFM], both of which use the familiar 'Midnight Commander' two pane layout (these two require gtk 1.2.x).<br />
<br />
Of course, you can also use GNOME's Nautilus. Although slower than the above solutions, it has the additional advantage of VFS support (e.g. remote SSH, FTP and Samba connections).<br />
<br />
=== Clipboard Managers and copy/paste===<br />
You may wish to install a clipboard manager for feature rich copy/paste ability. '''xfce4-clipman-plugin, parcellite,''' or '''glipper-old''' may be installed via pacman. Add your choice to autostart.sh. From the terminal, Ctrl+Insert as copy and Shift+Insert as paste generally works as well. You may also copy from terminal with Ctrl+Shift+C, and paste with mouse middle click.<br />
=== Panels, Trays, and Pagers ===<br />
<br />
There are quite a lot of utilities available that provide a panel (taskbar), system tray, and pager to Openbox. The most common are:<br />
<br />
'''Panels'''<br />
* [http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/PyPanel PyPanel]<br />
* [http://nsf.110mb.com/bmpanel/ bmpanel]<br />
* [http://code.google.com/p/ttm/ Tint]<br />
* [http://sourceforge.net/projects/lxpanel LXPanel]<br />
* [http://fbpanel.sourceforge.net fbpanel]<br />
* [http://perlpanel.org/ PerlPanel]<br />
* [http://www.chatjunkies.org/fspanel/ fspanel]<br />
* [http://www.xfce.org/projects/xfce4-panel/ xfce4-panel]<br />
* [http://developer.gnome.org/arch/gnome/corecomponents/panel/ gnome-panel]<br />
* [http://code.google.com/p/avant-window-navigator/ avant-window-navigator]<br />
* [http://developer.berlios.de/projects/cairo-dock/ cairo-dock]<br />
<br />
'''Trays'''<br />
* [http://stalonetray.sourceforge.net/ Stalonetray]<br />
* [http://download.gna.org/fvwm-crystal/trayer/1.0/ Trayer]<br />
<br />
'''Pagers'''<br />
* [http://projects.l3ib.org/trac/visibility Visibility]<br />
* [http://bbtools.sourceforge.net/ bbpager]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=970 netwmpager]<br />
* [http://useperl.ru/ipager/index.en.html IPager]<br />
<br />
Make your choice and add it to your startup file.<br />
<br />
== Get xprop values for per-app settings quickly ==<br />
If you use per-application settings frequently, you might find this bash alias handy:<br />
<br />
alias xp='xprop | grep "WM_WINDOW_ROLE\|WM_CLASS" && echo "WM_CLASS(STRING) = \"NAME\", \"CLASS\""'<br />
<br />
To use, run '''xp''' and click on the running program that you'd like to define with per-app settings. The result will display only the info that Openbox requires, namely the WM_WINDOW_ROLE and WM_CLASS (name and class) values:<br />
<br />
[thayer@dublin:~] $ xp<br />
WM_WINDOW_ROLE(STRING) = "roster"<br />
WM_CLASS(STRING) = "gajim.py", "Gajim.py"<br />
WM_CLASS(STRING) = "NAME", "CLASS"<br />
<br />
== Linking the menu to a command ==<br />
Some people would want to link the Openbox main menu, or any other, to a command. This is useful for creating a menu button in a panel, for example. Although Openbox doesn't support this, a very simple script , xdotool, can simulate a keypress by running a command. Xdotool is available on AUR [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?do_Details=1&ID=14789&O=0&L=0&C=0&K=xdotool&SB=n&SO=a&PP=25&do_MyPackages=0&do_Orphans=0&SeB=nd here]. To use it, simply add the following code to the <keyboard> section of your rc.xml:<br />
<keybind key="A-C-q"><br />
<action name="ShowMenu"><br />
<menu>root-menu</menu><br />
</action><br />
</keybind><br />
Restart/reconfigure Openbox. You can now magically summon your menu at your cursor position by running the following command:<br />
# xdotool key ctrl+alt+q<br />
Of course, you can change the shortcut to your liking.<br />
<br />
== Urxvt in the background == <br />
With Openbox, running a terminal as desktop background is easy. You won't need '''devilspie''' here.<br />
<br />
First you must enable transparency, open your '''.Xdefaults''' file (if it doesn't exist yet, create it in your home folder).<br />
URxvt*transparent:true<br />
URxvt*scrollBar:false<br />
URxvt*geometry:124x24 #I don't use the whole screen, if you want a full screen term don't bother with this and see below.<br />
URxvt*borderLess:true<br />
URxvt*foreground:Black #Font color. My wallpaper is White, you may wish to change this to White.<br />
<br />
Then edit your '''.config/openbox/rc.xml''' file :<br />
<application name="urxvt"><br />
<decor>no</decor><br />
<focus>yes</focus><br />
<position><br />
<x>center</x><br />
<y>20</y><br />
</position><br />
<layer>below</layer><br />
<desktop>all</desktop><br />
<maximized>true</maximized> #Only if you want a full size terminal.<br />
</application><br />
<br />
The ''magic'' comes from the '''<layer>below</layer>''' line, which place the application under all others. Here Urxvt is displayed on all desktops, change it to your convenience.<br />
<br />
= Additional Resources =<br />
* [http://icculus.org/openbox/ Openbox Website] - The official website<br />
* [http://planetob.openmonkey.com/ Planet Openbox] - Openbox news portal<br />
* [http://www.box-look.org/ Box-Look.org] - A good resource for themes and related artwork<br />
* [http://archux.com/page/application-recommendations Application recommendations]</div>Imagelifehttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Openbox_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=48866Openbox (简体中文)2008-09-05T13:22:32Z<p>Imagelife: /* Openbox Themes */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Desktop environments (English)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (English)]]<br />
<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|Openbox}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Русский|Openbox (Русский)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Español|Openbox (Español)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|Openbox(简体中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
= 说明 =<br />
<br />
Openbox 是一个轻量级、可高度定制以及支持大量标准的窗口管理器。Its features are well-documented at the [http://icculus.org/openbox/ official website]. 这篇文章是关于在 Arch Linux 下 运行 Openbox。<br />
<br />
= 安装 =<br />
Openbox 可以从 Archlinux 的仓库里得到:<br />
# pacman -S openbox<br />
<br />
一旦安装完毕, pacman 会指导你拷贝默认 <tt>menu.xml</tt> & <tt>rc.xml</tt> 配置文件到 <tt>~/.config/openbox/</tt> 目录下, 示例如下:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir -p ~/.config/openbox/<br />
$ cp /etc/xdg/openbox/rc.xml ~/.config/openbox/rc.xml<br />
$ cp /etc/xdg/openbox/menu.xml ~/.config/openbox/menu.xml<br />
'''''Note:''' do this as a regular user, not as root.''<br />
<br />
<tt>rc.xml</tt> 是 Openbox 的核心配置文件。它一般负责快捷键,主题,虚拟桌面和其他的作用。<br />
<br />
<tt>menu.xml</tt> controls the Openbox application menu that appears when you click on your desktop. The default items are pretty sparse, but it's very easy to modify the menu structure to suit your needs. See the menu section below for more details, or visit the [http://icculus.org/openbox/ Openbox website].<br />
<br />
= 让我们开始吧 =<br />
<br />
== 使用 Openbox ==<br />
To run Openbox on its own, simply add the following to the bottom of ~/.xinitrc:<br />
exec openbox-session<br />
<br />
== 在GNOME中使用Openbox ==<br />
#如果你使用GDM,请选择"GNOME/Openbox"登录选项<br />
#如果你使用startx,添加'''exec openbox-gnome-session''' 至 ~/.xinitrc中<br />
#在shell中:<br />
xinit /usr/bin/openbox-gnome-session<br />
<br />
== 在KDE中使用Openbox ==<br />
# 如果你使用GDM,请选择"KDE/Openbox"登录选项<br />
# 如果你使用startx,添加exec openbox-kde-session 至 ~/.xinitrc中<br />
# 在shell中:<br />
$ xinit /usr/bin/openbox-kde-session<br />
<br />
== 在Xfce4中使用Openbox ==<br />
<br />
Log into a normal Xfce4 session. From your terminal of choice, do:<br />
<br />
$ killall xfwm4 ; openbox & exit<br />
<br />
This will kill xfwm4, run Openbox, and close the terminal. <br />
<br />
Log out, making sure to check the "Save session for future logins" checkbox.<br />
<br />
On next login, Xfce4 will use Openbox as its WM.<br />
<br />
To be able to exit the session using xfce4-session, open your file ~/.config/openbox/menu.xml (if it isn't there, copy it from /etc/xdg/openbox/menu.xml). <br />
<br />
Look for the entry:<br />
<br />
<item label="Exit Openbox"><br />
<action name="Exit"><br />
<prompt>yes</prompt><br />
</action><br />
</item><br />
<br />
and change it to:<br />
<br />
<item label="Exit Openbox"><br />
<action name="Exit"><br />
<prompt>yes</prompt><br />
<command>xfce4-session-logout</command><br />
</action><br />
</item><br />
<br />
Otherwise, using the "Exit" entry of the root-menu will cause Openbox to terminate its execution, leaving you without a window manager.<br />
<br />
If you have an issue changing between virtual desktops with the mouse wheel skipping over virtual desktops, open your ~/.config/openbox/rc.xml file and move the mouse binds with actions "DesktopPrevious" and "DesktopNext" from the context "Desktop" to the context "Root" (you may need to define the Root context).<br />
<br />
If you want to use the Openbox root-menu instead of Xfce's, you may terminate Xfdesktop by running the following command in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ xfdesktop --quit<br />
<br />
However, Xfdesktop manages the wallpaper and desktop icons, requiring you to use other utilities, such as ROX, for these functions.<br />
<br />
(When terminating Xfdesktop, the above issue with the virtual desktops is no longer a problem.)<br />
<br />
= 配置 =<br />
<br />
== 偏好 ==<br />
Currently, there are two options for configuring the core Openbox preferences; manually edit the '''rc.xml''', or use the ObConf tool.<br />
<br />
=== 手动设定偏好 ===<br />
<br />
To configure Openbox manually, simply edit '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml''' with your favourite text editor. The config file provides plenty of comments throughout, and [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Contents full documentation] is available at the official website.<br />
<br />
=== 使用ObConf设定偏好 ===<br />
<br />
[http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/ObConf:About ObConf] is GUI-based Openbox configuration tool, which can be used to set most preferences including themes, virtual desktops, window properties and desktop margins.<br />
<br />
To install ObConf, run:<br />
# pacman -S obconf<br />
<br />
'''''Note:''''' ObConf cannot be used to configure keyboard shortcuts and some other advanced features. For these modifications, you must edit '''rc.xml''' manually (see above.)<br />
<br />
== 菜单管理 ==<br />
<br />
The default Openbox menu includes a variety of applications to get you started, but you'll probably want to customize this at some point. There are a number of ways to do so:<br />
<br />
=== 手动 ===<br />
Similar to the '''rc.xml''' file, you can edit '''~/.config/openbox/menu.xml''' with your favourite text editor. Although many of the settings are self-explanatory, [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Menus full documentation] is available.<br />
<br />
=== MenuMaker ===<br />
[http://menumaker.sourceforge.net/ MenuMaker] is a powerful tool that creates XML-based menus for a variety of Window Managers, including Openbox. MenuMaker will search your computer for executable programs and create an XML menu based on the results. It can be configured to exclude Legacy X, GNOME, KDE, or Xfce applications if the user desires.<br />
<br />
MenuMaker is available from the [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=10894 AUR]. <br />
<br />
Once installed, you can generate a complete menu by running:<br />
$ mmaker -v OpenBox3<br />
<br />
By default, MenuMaker will not overwrite an existing menu.xml. To do so, run it with the -f (force) argument:<br />
<br />
$ mmaker -vf OpenBox3<br />
<br />
To see a full list of options, run '''mmaker --help'''<br />
<br />
This will give you a pretty thorough menu. Now you can modify the menu.xml by hand, or simply regenerate the list whenever you install new software.<br />
<br />
=== Obmenu ===<br />
Obmenu is a GUI-based menu editor for Openbox. For those who don't enjoy editing XML source code, this is probably the best option for you.<br />
<br />
It is available in the community repository:<br />
# pacman -S obmenu<br />
<br />
Once installed, simply run '''obmenu''' and add or remove the desired applications.<br />
<br />
==== obm-xdg ====<br />
<tt>obm-xdg</tt> is a command-line tool that comes with Obmenu. It can generate a categorized sub-menu of installed GTK/GNOME applications.<br />
<br />
To use obm-xdg, add the following line to '''~/.config/openbox/menu.xml''':<br />
<br />
<menu execute="obm-xdg" id="xdg-menu" label="xdg"/><br />
<br />
Then run '''openbox --reconfigure''' to refresh the Openbox menu. You should now see a sub-menu labeled '''xdg''' in your menu.<br />
<br />
'''''NOTE:''' If you do not have GNOME installed, then you need to install '''gnome-menus''' package for obm-xdg to work.''<br />
<br />
== Startup Programs ==<br />
Openbox features support for running programs at startup. This is provided by the "openbox-session" command.<br />
<br />
There are two ways to enable autostart:<br />
# If you use startx to log into your X session, change the line that executes ''openbox'' to execute '''openbox-session''' instead.<br />
# If you log in with GDM/KDM, then select the ''Openbox'' session and it will automatically use autostart.<br />
<br />
Startup programs are managed in '''~/.config/openbox/autostart.sh'''. Full instructions and best practices for how to do this are available at the [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Autostart Openbox website].<br />
<br />
== Per-application settings ==<br />
Openbox features per-application settings, allowing you to define rules for your programs. For example, you can:<br />
* load your web browser on a certain desktop<br />
* load your terminal without a window border<br />
* load your torrent client at a certain position on your screen<br />
<br />
These are defined in '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml'''. As you might expect, the instructions are well-documented within the file itself. Full details can also be found here: http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Applications<br />
<br />
== Theming and Appearance ==<br />
With the exception of the Openbox Themes topic, the following section is intended for users who have configured Openbox to run as a standalone desktop, without the assistance of GNOME, KDE or Xfce.<br />
<br />
=== Openbox 主题 ===<br />
Openbox themes control the appearance of window borders, including the titlebar and titlebar buttons. They also determine the appearance of the application menu and on-screen display (OSD). <br />
<br />
Additional themes are available from the standard repositories:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S openbox-themes<br />
<br />
This package is by no means definitive. You can download more themes at websites such as:<br />
*[http://www.box-look.org/index.php?xcontentmode=7402 box-look.org]<br />
*[http://customize.org/browse/tags/openbox customize.org]<br />
*http://www.minuslab.net/themes/<br />
*http://celo.wordpress.com/themes/<br />
*http://vault.openmonkey.com/pages/openbox<br />
*http://hewphoria.com/?p=submission&type=theme&cat=7<br />
<br />
Downloaded themes should be extracted to '''~/.themes''' and can be installed or selected with the [[Openbox#Preferences|ObConf]] tool.<br />
<br />
Creating new themes is fairly easy and again [http://icculus.org/openbox/index.php/Help:Themes well-documented].<br />
<br />
=== Desktop Wallpaper ===<br />
<br />
Openbox itself does not include a way to change the wallpaper. This can be done easily with programs like [[Feh]] or [[Nitrogen]]. Other options include ImageMagick, hsetroot and xsetbg.<br />
<br />
=== GTK Themes ===<br />
===== GTK2/GTK+ =====<br />
GTK+ themes can be managed easily with the ''[[LXDE | lxappearance]]'', ''gtk-chtheme'', or ''switch2'' utilities. To install, run:<br />
# pacman -S lxappearance<br />
and/or<br />
# pacman -S gtk-chtheme<br />
and/or<br />
# pacman -S gtk-theme-switch2<br />
<br />
Now you can simply run '''lxappearance''', '''gtk-chtheme''' or '''switch2''' to set the desired theme.<br />
<br />
===== GTK1 =====<br />
For legacy GTK1 themes, install the '''gtk-theme-switch''' package:<br />
# pacman -S gtk-theme-switch<br />
Then run '''''switch''''' to select a desired theme.<br />
<br />
=== GTK Fonts ===<br />
===== Manually edit the config file =====<br />
If you want to change the type and size of your fonts, add the following to '''~/.gtkrc.mine''':<br />
style "user-font"<br />
{<br />
font_name = "[font-name] [size]"<br />
}<br />
widget_class "*" style "user-font"<br />
gtk-font-name = "[font-name] [size]"<br />
<br />
where [font-name] [size] is the desired font and point size. For example:<br />
style "user-font"<br />
{<br />
font_name = "DejaVu Sans 8"<br />
}<br />
widget_class "*" style "user-font"<br />
gtk-font-name = "DejaVu Sans 8"<br />
<br />
Both <tt>font_name</tt> and <tt>gtk-font-name</tt> fields are required for backwards compatibility.<br />
===== Use GUI tools =====<br />
You can use '''gtk-chtheme''' or '''lxappearance''' to set GTK font settings. Please refer to the above section.<br />
<br />
=== GTK Icons ===<br />
First, extract the desired icon theme to '''/usr/share/icons''' (system-wide access) or '''~/.icons''' (local user access), then:<br />
===== Manually edit the config file =====<br />
Add the following to ~/.gtkrc.mine: <br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = "[name-of-icon-theme]"<br />
<br />
where [name-of-icon-theme] is the name of the icon theme directory. For example:<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = "Tango"<br />
<br />
Ensure ~/.gtkrc-2.0 is configured to parse ~/.gtkrc.mine:<br />
<br />
# ~/.gtkrc-2.0<br />
# -- THEME AUTO-WRITTEN DO NOT EDIT<br />
include "/usr/share/themes/Rezlooks-Gilouche/gtk-2.0/gtkrc"<br />
include "/home/username/.gtkrc.mine"<br />
# -- THEME AUTO-WRITTEN DO NOT EDIT<br />
===== Use GUI tools =====<br />
You can use '''lxappearance''' to choose GTK icon themes. Please refer to the above section.<br />
<br />
=== Mouse cursor themes ===<br />
Extract the desired Xcursor theme to either '''/usr/share/icons''' (system-wide access) or '''~/.icons''' (local user access).<br />
<br />
Add this to ~/.Xdefaults:<br />
Xcursor.theme: [name-of-cursor-theme]<br />
where [name-of-cursor-theme] is the name of the cursor theme directory. For example:<br />
Xcursor.theme: Vanilla-DMZ-AA<br />
To change the size:<br />
Xcursor.size: [size]<br />
<br />
=== Desktop Icons ===<br />
Openbox does not provide a means to display icons on the desktop. PcmanFM, [http://rox.sourceforge.net ROX], [http://idesk.sourceforge.net iDesk], or even Nautilus (and the gnome-settings-daemon) can provide this function. <br />
<br />
ROX and PCmanFM have the additional advantage of being lightweight file managers.<br />
<br />
= Tips & Tricks =<br />
<br />
== Recommended Programs == <br />
<br />
=== Login Managers ===<br />
[http://slim.berlios.de/ SLiM] provides a lightweight and elegant graphical login solution for standalone Openbox configurations. Refer to Arch's [[SLiM]] wiki for detailed instructions.<br />
<br />
=== Composite Desktop ===<br />
[[Xcompmgr]] is a lightweight composite manager capable of rendering drop shadows, fading and simple window transparency within Openbox and other window managers.<br />
<br />
=== Application Launchers ===<br />
==== dmenu ====<br />
Set-up dmenu as described in the [[dmenu]] wiki article.<br />
<br />
Then, add the following entry to the <keyboard> section '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml''' to enable a shortcut to launch dmenu:<br />
<keybind key="W-p"><br />
<action name="Execute"><br />
<command>~/path/to/your/dmenu-script</command><br />
</action><br />
</keybind><br />
<br />
==== Gmrun ====<br />
[http://sourceforge.net/projects/gmrun gmrun] provides an excellent Run dialog box, similar to the Alt+F2 features found in Gnome and KDE:<br />
pacman -S gmrun<br />
Add the following entry to the <keyboard> section '''~/.config/openbox/rc.xml''' to enable Alt+F2 functionality:<br />
<keybind key="A-F2"><br />
<action name="execute"><execute>gmrun</execute></action><br />
</keybind><br />
<br />
=== File managers ===<br />
<br />
There are many possibilities, but the most popular lightweight file managers are:<br />
* [http://thunar.xfce.org Thunar]. Thunar supports auto-mount features and other plugins. <br />
pacman -S thunar<br />
Thunar may be started in daemon mode for tighter desktop integration. For instance, inserting a USB pendrive will invoke a Thunar window to popup, with the drive contents listed in the window. <br />
<br />
To start Thunar in daemon mode, edit ~/.config/openbox/autostart.sh and add:<br />
thunar --daemon &<br />
<br />
* [http://rox.sourceforge.net ROX] (ROX provides desktop icons)<br />
pacman -S rox<br />
* [http://pcmanfm.sourceforge.net PCMan] (pcmanfm also provides desktop icons)<br />
pacman -S pcmanfm<br />
For even lighter options, consider [http://www.obsession.se/gentoo/ Gentoo] or [http://emelfm.sourceforge.net/ emelFM], both of which use the familiar 'Midnight Commander' two pane layout (these two require gtk 1.2.x).<br />
<br />
Of course, you can also use GNOME's Nautilus. Although slower than the above solutions, it has the additional advantage of VFS support (e.g. remote SSH, FTP and Samba connections).<br />
<br />
=== Clipboard Managers and copy/paste===<br />
You may wish to install a clipboard manager for feature rich copy/paste ability. '''xfce4-clipman-plugin, parcellite,''' or '''glipper-old''' may be installed via pacman. Add your choice to autostart.sh. From the terminal, Ctrl+Insert as copy and Shift+Insert as paste generally works as well. You may also copy from terminal with Ctrl+Shift+C, and paste with mouse middle click.<br />
=== Panels, Trays, and Pagers ===<br />
<br />
There are quite a lot of utilities available that provide a panel (taskbar), system tray, and pager to Openbox. The most common are:<br />
<br />
'''Panels'''<br />
* [http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/PyPanel PyPanel]<br />
* [http://nsf.110mb.com/bmpanel/ bmpanel]<br />
* [http://code.google.com/p/ttm/ Tint]<br />
* [http://sourceforge.net/projects/lxpanel LXPanel]<br />
* [http://fbpanel.sourceforge.net fbpanel]<br />
* [http://perlpanel.org/ PerlPanel]<br />
* [http://www.chatjunkies.org/fspanel/ fspanel]<br />
* [http://www.xfce.org/projects/xfce4-panel/ xfce4-panel]<br />
* [http://developer.gnome.org/arch/gnome/corecomponents/panel/ gnome-panel]<br />
* [http://code.google.com/p/avant-window-navigator/ avant-window-navigator]<br />
* [http://developer.berlios.de/projects/cairo-dock/ cairo-dock]<br />
<br />
'''Trays'''<br />
* [http://stalonetray.sourceforge.net/ Stalonetray]<br />
* [http://download.gna.org/fvwm-crystal/trayer/1.0/ Trayer]<br />
<br />
'''Pagers'''<br />
* [http://projects.l3ib.org/trac/visibility Visibility]<br />
* [http://bbtools.sourceforge.net/ bbpager]<br />
* [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=970 netwmpager]<br />
* [http://useperl.ru/ipager/index.en.html IPager]<br />
<br />
Make your choice and add it to your startup file.<br />
<br />
== Get xprop values for per-app settings quickly ==<br />
If you use per-application settings frequently, you might find this bash alias handy:<br />
<br />
alias xp='xprop | grep "WM_WINDOW_ROLE\|WM_CLASS" && echo "WM_CLASS(STRING) = \"NAME\", \"CLASS\""'<br />
<br />
To use, run '''xp''' and click on the running program that you'd like to define with per-app settings. The result will display only the info that Openbox requires, namely the WM_WINDOW_ROLE and WM_CLASS (name and class) values:<br />
<br />
[thayer@dublin:~] $ xp<br />
WM_WINDOW_ROLE(STRING) = "roster"<br />
WM_CLASS(STRING) = "gajim.py", "Gajim.py"<br />
WM_CLASS(STRING) = "NAME", "CLASS"<br />
<br />
== Linking the menu to a command ==<br />
Some people would want to link the Openbox main menu, or any other, to a command. This is useful for creating a menu button in a panel, for example. Although Openbox doesn't support this, a very simple script , xdotool, can simulate a keypress by running a command. Xdotool is available on AUR [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?do_Details=1&ID=14789&O=0&L=0&C=0&K=xdotool&SB=n&SO=a&PP=25&do_MyPackages=0&do_Orphans=0&SeB=nd here]. To use it, simply add the following code to the <keyboard> section of your rc.xml:<br />
<keybind key="A-C-q"><br />
<action name="ShowMenu"><br />
<menu>root-menu</menu><br />
</action><br />
</keybind><br />
Restart/reconfigure Openbox. You can now magically summon your menu at your cursor position by running the following command:<br />
# xdotool key ctrl+alt+q<br />
Of course, you can change the shortcut to your liking.<br />
<br />
== Urxvt in the background == <br />
With Openbox, running a terminal as desktop background is easy. You won't need '''devilspie''' here.<br />
<br />
First you must enable transparency, open your '''.Xdefaults''' file (if it doesn't exist yet, create it in your home folder).<br />
URxvt*transparent:true<br />
URxvt*scrollBar:false<br />
URxvt*geometry:124x24 #I don't use the whole screen, if you want a full screen term don't bother with this and see below.<br />
URxvt*borderLess:true<br />
URxvt*foreground:Black #Font color. My wallpaper is White, you may wish to change this to White.<br />
<br />
Then edit your '''.config/openbox/rc.xml''' file :<br />
<application name="urxvt"><br />
<decor>no</decor><br />
<focus>yes</focus><br />
<position><br />
<x>center</x><br />
<y>20</y><br />
</position><br />
<layer>below</layer><br />
<desktop>all</desktop><br />
<maximized>true</maximized> #Only if you want a full size terminal.<br />
</application><br />
<br />
The ''magic'' comes from the '''<layer>below</layer>''' line, which place the application under all others. Here Urxvt is displayed on all desktops, change it to your convenience.<br />
<br />
= Additional Resources =<br />
* [http://icculus.org/openbox/ Openbox Website] - The official website<br />
* [http://planetob.openmonkey.com/ Planet Openbox] - Openbox news portal<br />
* [http://www.box-look.org/ Box-Look.org] - A good resource for themes and related artwork<br />
* [http://archux.com/page/application-recommendations Application recommendations]</div>Imagelife