https://wiki.archlinux.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Jhrdka&feedformat=atomArchWiki - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T21:46:10ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.41.0https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Brother_DCP-135C&diff=176632Brother DCP-135C2012-01-02T18:35:10Z<p>Jhrdka: /* Troubleshooting */ Shifted printer output</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Printers_(English)]]<br />
[[Category:Imaging_(English)]]<br />
= Introduction =<br />
This is a brief tutorial to make the Brother DCP-135C printer/scanner work on Arch. While this tutorial is based on the DCP-135C specifically, it can be used as a general guide for most Brother USB printers.<br />
On [http://solutions.brother.com/linux/en_us/index.html Brother's Linux Driver page] you can find extra information along with drivers for different printer models.<br />
<br />
= Printer =<br />
== Prerequisites ==<br />
This tutorial assumes you have the following packages installed. Failure to do so may result in hard to trace issues with printing.<br />
* cups<br />
* ghostscript<br />
* gsfonts<br />
* foomatic-filters<br />
* arch x86_64 requires lib32-libcups<br />
<br />
If you previously tried to install the printer in CUPS, remove it and any remaining driver files!!<br />
<br />
Brother's scripts make use of the C Shell (csh) instead of the more common Bash. We must install tcsh from the "extra" repo.<br />
# pacman -S tcsh<br />
<br />
Your user is a member of the printer group (lp). Be sure to logout for changes to take affect.<br />
# usermod -aG lp [username]<br />
<br />
Additional info about setting up [[CUPS]] if needed.<br />
<br />
== Installing printer drivers ==<br />
You can get DCP-135C drivers from [[AUR]]:<br />
$ yaourt -S dcp135c<br />
<br />
== Installing the printer (Local USB) ==<br />
<br />
The kernel module {{codeline|usblp}} must be blacklisted before installing the driver, otherwise the Device URI will be wrong and the printer won't work.<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Blacklisting modules in rc.conf has been obsoleted and no longer works in initscripts 2011.06.1-1, so you'll have to use the following method.}}<br />
<br />
To disable the module, create a {{filename|.conf}} file inside {{filename|/etc/modprobe.d/}} as follows:<br />
<br />
{{File|/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf|content=<nowiki># Do not load the usblp module on boot<br />
blacklist usblp</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
{{Note|The {{Codeline|blacklist}} command will blacklist a module so that it will not be loaded automatically, but may be loaded if another non-blacklisted module depends on it, or if it is loaded manually.<br />
<br />
However, there is a workaround for this behaviour; the {{Codeline|install}} command instructs modprobe to run a custom command instead of inserting the module in the kernel as normal, so you can force the module to always fail loading with:<br />
<br />
{{File|/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf|content=...<br />
install usblp /bin/false<br />
...}}<br />
<br />
This will effectively "blacklist" that module and any other that depends on it.}}<br />
<br />
Reboot the box to take effect, or manually remove the module without rebooting:<br />
<br />
# modprobe -r usblp<br />
<br />
You have to start the cups deamon (as root, of course) if it doesn't run already, otherwise the installation script won't work and throws a failure.<br />
<br />
# rc.d start cupsd<br />
<br />
Now lets plug in the printer and run the script to install the driver for us.<br />
<br />
As root in terminal:<br />
# /usr/local/Brother/Printer/dcp135c/cupswrapper/cupswrapperdcp135c<br />
<br />
It will stop the cups daemon, and restart it.<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Daemon may fail to start due to bug in csh. If "Unknown colorls variable `mh'." message is displayed, before starting daemon, execute:}}<br />
<br />
unset LS_COLORS<br />
<br />
Now go to the CUPS setup page: http://localhost:631/<br />
Click on '''Manage Printers''' you should see your DCP135C printer automatically installed and configured. Print a test page!<br />
<br />
If the test page fails with error "Printer not connected; will retry in 30 seconds..." then.<br />
# Click Delete Printer and remove the automatically created printer.<br />
# Click Administration --> Find New Printers<br />
# You should see your Brother printer listed here, add it!<br />
# Print a test page<br />
<br />
NOTE: Be sure to add '''cupsd''' to the DAEMON line in rc.conf so it loads everytime at startup.<br />
<br />
== Installing the printer (Network, Ethernet) ==<br />
Now lets run the script to install the driver for us.<br />
<br />
As root in terminal:<br />
/usr/local/Brother/Printer/dcp135c/cupswrapper/cupswrapperdcp135c<br />
<br />
It will stop the cups daemon if it's running, and restart it.<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Daemon may fail to start due to bug in csh. If "Unknown colorls variable `mh'." message is displayed, before starting daemon, execute:}}<br />
<br />
unset LS_COLORS<br />
<br />
Now go to the CUPS setup page: http://localhost:631/<br />
# Click Manage Printers --> Delete Printer and remove the automatically created printer.<br />
# Click Administration --> Find New Printers<br />
# You should see your Brother printer listed here, add it!<br />
# Print a test page<br />
<br />
If Find New Printers doesn't list any printers you can try to set it up manually.<br />
# Click Add Printer<br />
# Location can be left blank, but can have something in it for reference sake, Description can be left blank, but can also have something in it for reference sake. Click continue<br />
# Choose the device "Appsocket/HP JetDirect" then click continue<br />
# Set the Device URI to <i>socket://192.168.0.10:9100</i><br />
# Select the make <i>Brother</i><br />
# Select the printer <i>Brother DCP-135C CUPS</i><br />
# Click finish and print a test page.<br />
<br />
NOTE: Be sure to add '''cups''' to the DAEMON line in rc.conf so it loads everytime at startup.<br />
<br />
NOTE: for Brother DCP-135C. If you would like to print wireless, try and modify the previous added printer using Cups:<br />
# Click Printers.<br />
# Click Modify Printer for the printer you installed previously<br />
# Click Continue<br />
# Choose LPD/LPR Host or Printer<br />
# Write in the filed Device URI: lpd://192.168.1.199/binary_p1. Of course, replace that ip with yours.<br />
# Choose Brother manufacturer and Brother DCP-135C Cups wrapper driver in the next screen<br />
# Click on Modify Printer<br />
<br />
and you will be able to print also using wifi of DCP-135C.<br />
<br />
=Scanner=<br />
First, make sure you [http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Scanner_setup_%26_configure set up SANE].<br />
<br />
This scanner works with Brother's [http://solutions.brother.com/linux/sol/printer/linux/sane_drivers.html brscan2] driver. It can be found on [[AUR]]:<br />
$ yaourt -S brscan2<br />
<br />
To test the scanner, you can install xsane:<br />
# pacman -S xsane<br />
<br />
And run it to verify the installation (as a luser):<br />
$ xsane<br />
<br />
==Scan Key Install (Optional)==<br />
This allows the scanner to be recognized in other programs such as GIMP. This information is a condensed and consolidated version off of Brother's linux support site ([http://solutions.brother.com/linux/en_us/instruction_scn3.html#config1 Link])<br />
<br />
Scan Key Tool can be found on [[AUR]]:<br />
$ yaourt -S brscan-skey <br />
<br />
Run the setup script for brscan-key:<br />
# /usr/local/Brother/sane/brscan-skey-0.2.1-1.sh<br />
<br />
Execute the tool to verify that the previously installed scanner is recognized:<br />
# brscan-skey -l<br />
<br />
Expect the following output:<br />
# brscan-skey -l<br />
<br />
DCP135C : brother2:net1;dev0 : 10.1.1.90 Active<br />
<br />
After you receive the above output via brscan-key, check the File-> Create list in GIMP (tested v. 2.6.4) and there should be two more entries:<br />
XSane: Device Dialog...<br />
XSane: brother2:net1;dev0<br />
<br />
If the new entries appear, congratulations! Your (networked) Brother scanner is now available via any XSane interface!<br />
<br />
==Troubleshooting==<br />
===I can scan as root, but not as a normal user===<br />
Add following lines to your {{filename|53-sane.rules}}:<br />
<br />
{{File|/lib/udev/rules.d/53-sane.rules|content=<nowiki>...<br />
# Brother DCP-135C<br />
ATTRS{idVendor}=="04f9", ATTRS{idProduct}=="01ce", MODE="0664", GROUP="scanner", ENV{libsane_matched}="yes"<br />
<br />
# The following rule will disable USB autosuspend for the device<br />
...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Make sure your user is in the scanner group:<br />
# usermod -aG scanner [username]<br />
then log out and back in.<br />
<br />
==="Waiting for printer to become available" printer status===<br />
Create a {{filename|10-cups-usb.rules}} file in {{filename|/etc/udev/rules.d/}} as follows:<br />
<br />
{{File|/etc/udev/rules.d/10-cups-usb.rules|content=<nowiki># Brother DCP-135C<br />
ATTRS{idVendor}=="04f9", ATTRS{idProduct}=="01ce", MODE:="0664", GROUP:="lp", ENV{libsane_matched}:="yes"</nowiki>}}<br />
Finally unplug and plug again the printer.<br />
<br />
===Shifted printer output===<br />
Take a look at file {{filename|/usr/local/Brother/Printer/dcp135c/inf/brdcp135crc}} and verify if the value of ''PaperType'' matches your paper size.<br />
<br />
(Change "Letter" to "A4")</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=168148GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-30T18:15:45Z<p>Jhrdka: /* Zobrazení data v horním panelu */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
[[Category:Česky]]<br />
{{translateme}}<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 poskytuje zbrusu nové moderní prostředí využívající GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu můžete stále nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Aktualizaci je doporučeno spouštět z konzole nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba [[SLiM (Česky)|SLiM]] nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující '''jediný''' řádek začínající slovem {{Codeline|exec}} do souboru {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}}. Pro více informací viz [[xinitrc| článek o xinitrc]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#POUZE TENTO ŘÁDEK:<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Jakmile soubor uložíte, můžete GNOME spouštět příkazem {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
Na stránkách GNOME najdete užitečný [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] s informacemi o přepínání úloh, klávesových zkratkách, práci s okny, panelem apod.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
Po úpravách vzhledu je často vyžadováno restartovat GNOME shell. Mohli bychom se odhlásit a přihlásit, nicméně mnohem jednodušší a rychlejší je stisknout {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} a zadat {{Keypress|r}} následované klávesou {{Keypress|Enter}}.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Celkový vzhled ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 sice začalo "od píky", to s sebou ale nese i některé nepříjemnosti. Jednou z nich je zatím nepříliš obsáhlý konfigurační nástroj. Pokročilejší volby tady stále jsou, akorát nejsou uživateli tolik na očích. Nové ''Nastavení systému'' je sice přehledné, každopádně nejspíš zatoužíte po více možnostech přizpůsobení vzhledu.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
Nový nástroj pro příkazový řádek '''gsettings''' uchovává nastavení v binárním formátu (na rozdíl od gconf a XML). Tutoriál [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] odhaluje sílu gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
Tento grafický nástroj umožňuje změnit písma, motivy, tlačítka oken a další nastavení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Podobně jako v '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' u GTK2+, je i u GTK3 možné přizpůsobit vzhled v souboru '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Proměnná {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} je obvykle nastavená na '''~/.config'''.<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' výchozí motiv GNOME 3, je součástí '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Další GTK3 motivy najdete třeba na [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ stránkách Deviantart.] Příklad:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# následující volba funguje jen když ji motiv podporuje<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# nastavení písma a jeho rozměrů<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Aby se změny projevily, je nezbytné [[#Restartování_shellu|restartovat GNOME shell]]. Další volby GTK najdete ve [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties vývojářské dokumentaci GNOME.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 je kompatibilní s motivy ikon GNOME 2, což znamená, že se nemusíme omezovat pouze na motiv výchozí. Pro instalaci nových ikon zkopírujte adresář s motivem do '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}''' například takto:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/muj_motiv_ikon ~/.icons<br />
<br />
Nový motiv ''muj_motiv_ikon'' si můžete aktivovat v '''gnome-tweak-tool''' v sekci '''''Motiv'''''.<br />
<br />
Jinak můžete motiv nastavit také ručně bez gnome-tweak-tool v '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... předchozí řádky ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = muj_motiv_ikon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
Nástrojová lišta Nautilu standardně používá k navigaci v podsložkách tlačítka. Pokud si přejete zobrazit cestu jako textové pole, stiskněte {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
Pro trvalé nastavení použijte následující příkaz:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení data v horním panelu ====<br />
<br />
Jako výchozí zobrazuje GNOME v horním panelu pouze den v týdnu a čas. Datum můžeme přidat následujícím příkazem. Změny se projeví ihned. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte Gnome Shell rozšíření [[#Rozšíření GNOME shell|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restartování_shellu|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=168147GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-30T18:09:49Z<p>Jhrdka: /* Celkový vzhled */ Přeloženo</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
[[Category:Česky]]<br />
{{translateme}}<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 poskytuje zbrusu nové moderní prostředí využívající GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu můžete stále nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Aktualizaci je doporučeno spouštět z konzole nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba [[SLiM (Česky)|SLiM]] nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující '''jediný''' řádek začínající slovem {{Codeline|exec}} do souboru {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}}. Pro více informací viz [[xinitrc| článek o xinitrc]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#POUZE TENTO ŘÁDEK:<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Jakmile soubor uložíte, můžete GNOME spouštět příkazem {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
Na stránkách GNOME najdete užitečný [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] s informacemi o přepínání úloh, klávesových zkratkách, práci s okny, panelem apod.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
Po úpravách vzhledu je často vyžadováno restartovat GNOME shell. Mohli bychom se odhlásit a přihlásit, nicméně mnohem jednodušší a rychlejší je stisknout {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} a zadat {{Keypress|r}} následované klávesou {{Keypress|Enter}}.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Celkový vzhled ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 sice začalo "od píky", to s sebou ale nese i některé nepříjemnosti. Jednou z nich je zatím nepříliš obsáhlý konfigurační nástroj. Pokročilejší volby tady stále jsou, akorát nejsou uživateli tolik na očích. Nové ''Nastavení systému'' je sice přehledné, každopádně nejspíš zatoužíte po více možnostech přizpůsobení vzhledu.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
Nový nástroj pro příkazový řádek '''gsettings''' uchovává nastavení v binárním formátu (na rozdíl od gconf a XML). Tutoriál [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] odhaluje sílu gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
Tento grafický nástroj umožňuje změnit písma, motivy, tlačítka oken a další nastavení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Podobně jako v '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' u GTK2+, je i u GTK3 možné přizpůsobit vzhled v souboru '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Proměnná {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} je obvykle nastavená na '''~/.config'''.<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' výchozí motiv GNOME 3, je součástí '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Další GTK3 motivy najdete třeba na [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ stránkách Deviantart.] Příklad:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# následující volba funguje jen když ji motiv podporuje<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# nastavení písma a jeho rozměrů<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Aby se změny projevily, je nezbytné [[#Restartování_shellu|restartovat GNOME shell]]. Další volby GTK najdete ve [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties vývojářské dokumentaci GNOME.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 je kompatibilní s motivy ikon GNOME 2, což znamená, že se nemusíme omezovat pouze na motiv výchozí. Pro instalaci nových ikon zkopírujte adresář s motivem do '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}''' například takto:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/muj_motiv_ikon ~/.icons<br />
<br />
Nový motiv ''muj_motiv_ikon'' si můžete aktivovat v '''gnome-tweak-tool''' v sekci '''''Motiv'''''.<br />
<br />
Jinak můžete motiv nastavit také ručně bez gnome-tweak-tool v '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... předchozí řádky ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = muj_motiv_ikon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
Nástrojová lišta Nautilu standardně používá k navigaci v podsložkách tlačítka. Pokud si přejete zobrazit cestu jako textové pole, stiskněte {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
Pro trvalé nastavení použijte následující příkaz:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení data v horním panelu ====<br />
<br />
Jako výchozí zobrazuje GNOME v horním panelu pouze den v týdnu a čas. To můžeme změnit následujícím příkazem. Změny se projeví ihned. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte Gnome Shell rozšíření [[#Rozšíření GNOME shell|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restartování_shellu|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=167430GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-25T14:56:03Z<p>Jhrdka: /* Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu */ Přeloženo</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
[[Category:Česky]]<br />
{{translateme}}<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 poskytuje zbrusu nové moderní prostředí využívající GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu můžete stále nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Aktualizaci je doporučeno spouštět z konzole nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba [[SLiM (Česky)|SLiM]] nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující '''jediný''' řádek začínající slovem {{Codeline|exec}} do souboru {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}}. Pro více informací viz [[xinitrc| článek o xinitrc]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#POUZE TENTO ŘÁDEK:<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Jakmile soubor uložíte, můžete GNOME spouštět příkazem {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
Na stránkách GNOME najdete užitečný [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] s informacemi o přepínání úloh, klávesových zkratkách, práci s okny, panelem apod.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
Po úpravách vzhledu je často vyžadováno restartovat GNOME shell. Mohli bychom se odhlásit a přihlásit, nicméně mnohem jednodušší a rychlejší je stisknout {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} a zadat {{Keypress|r}} následované klávesou {{Keypress|Enter}}.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Podobně jako v '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' u GTK2+, je i u GTK3 možné přizpůsobit vzhled v souboru '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Proměnná {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} je obvykle nastavená na '''~/.config'''.<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' výchozí motiv GNOME 3, je součástí '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Další GTK3 motivy najdete třeba na [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ stránkách Deviantart.] Příklad:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# následující volba funguje jen když ji motiv podporuje<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# nastavení písma a jeho rozměrů<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Aby se změny projevily, je nezbytné [[#Restartování_shellu|restartovat GNOME shell]]. Další volby GTK najdete ve [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties vývojářské dokumentaci GNOME.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 je kompatibilní s motivy ikon GNOME 2, což znamená, že se nemusíme omezovat pouze na motiv výchozí. Pro instalaci nových ikon zkopírujte adresář s motivem do '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}''' například takto:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/muj_motiv_ikon ~/.icons<br />
<br />
Nový motiv ''muj_motiv_ikon'' si můžete aktivovat v '''gnome-tweak-tool''' v sekci '''''Motiv'''''.<br />
<br />
Jinak můžete motiv nastavit také ručně bez gnome-tweak-tool v '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... předchozí řádky ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = muj_motiv_ikon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
Nástrojová lišta Nautilu standardně používá k navigaci v podsložkách tlačítka. Pokud si přejete zobrazit cestu jako textové pole, stiskněte {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
Pro trvalé nastavení použijte následující příkaz:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení data v horním panelu ====<br />
<br />
Jako výchozí zobrazuje GNOME v horním panelu pouze den v týdnu a čas. To můžeme změnit následujícím příkazem. Změny se projeví ihned. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte Gnome Shell rozšíření [[#Rozšíření GNOME shell|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restartování_shellu|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=167426GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-25T14:50:14Z<p>Jhrdka: /* Nautilus */ Přeloženo</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
[[Category:Česky]]<br />
{{translateme}}<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 poskytuje zbrusu nové moderní prostředí využívající GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu můžete stále nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Aktualizaci je doporučeno spouštět z konzole nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba [[SLiM (Česky)|SLiM]] nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující '''jediný''' řádek začínající slovem {{Codeline|exec}} do souboru {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}}. Pro více informací viz [[xinitrc| článek o xinitrc]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#POUZE TENTO ŘÁDEK:<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Jakmile soubor uložíte, můžete GNOME spouštět příkazem {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
Na stránkách GNOME najdete užitečný [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] s informacemi o přepínání úloh, klávesových zkratkách, práci s okny, panelem apod.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
Po úpravách vzhledu je často vyžadováno restartovat GNOME shell. Mohli bychom se odhlásit a přihlásit, nicméně mnohem jednodušší a rychlejší je stisknout {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} a zadat {{Keypress|r}} následované klávesou {{Keypress|Enter}}.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Podobně jako v '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' u GTK2+, je i u GTK3 možné přizpůsobit vzhled v souboru '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Proměnná {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} je obvykle nastavená na '''~/.config'''.<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' výchozí motiv GNOME 3, je součástí '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Další GTK3 motivy najdete třeba na [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ stránkách Deviantart.] Příklad:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# následující volba funguje jen když ji motiv podporuje<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# nastavení písma a jeho rozměrů<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Aby se změny projevily, je nezbytné [[#Restartování_shellu|restartovat GNOME shell]]. Další volby GTK najdete ve [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties vývojářské dokumentaci GNOME.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 je kompatibilní s motivy ikon GNOME 2, což znamená, že se nemusíme omezovat pouze na motiv výchozí. Pro instalaci nových ikon zkopírujte adresář s motivem do '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}''' například takto:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/muj_motiv_ikon ~/.icons<br />
<br />
Nový motiv ''muj_motiv_ikon'' si můžete aktivovat v '''gnome-tweak-tool''' v sekci '''''Motiv'''''.<br />
<br />
Jinak můžete motiv nastavit také ručně bez gnome-tweak-tool v '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... předchozí řádky ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = muj_motiv_ikon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
Nástrojová lišta Nautilu standardně používá k navigaci v podsložkách tlačítka. Pokud si přejete zobrazit cestu jako textové pole, stiskněte {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
Pro trvalé nastavení použijte následující příkaz:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení data v horním panelu ====<br />
<br />
Jako výchozí zobrazuje GNOME v horním panelu pouze den v týdnu a čas. To můžeme změnit následujícím příkazem. Změny se projeví ihned. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
A quick way to do it system-wide is to change line 153 of '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/statusMenu.js}}'''. <br />
In Gnome 3.2 the file has changed to '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js}}'''. This change takes effect the next time GNOME Shell is started.<br />
{{file|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js|content=<nowiki><br />
// this._haveSuspend = this._upClient.get_can_suspend(); // Comment this line out.<br />
this._haveSuspend = false; // Use this line instead.<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
However, the effect won't last after a GNOME update. A more perennial solution is to install the [[#GNOME shell extensions|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restartování_shellu|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=167421GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-25T14:29:49Z<p>Jhrdka: /* Používání shellu */ Odstavec "Pády shellu" odstraněn</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
[[Category:Česky]]<br />
{{translateme}}<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 poskytuje zbrusu nové moderní prostředí využívající GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu můžete stále nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Aktualizaci je doporučeno spouštět z konzole nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba [[SLiM (Česky)|SLiM]] nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující '''jediný''' řádek začínající slovem {{Codeline|exec}} do souboru {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}}. Pro více informací viz [[xinitrc| článek o xinitrc]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#POUZE TENTO ŘÁDEK:<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Jakmile soubor uložíte, můžete GNOME spouštět příkazem {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
Na stránkách GNOME najdete užitečný [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] s informacemi o přepínání úloh, klávesových zkratkách, práci s okny, panelem apod.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
Po úpravách vzhledu je často vyžadováno restartovat GNOME shell. Mohli bychom se odhlásit a přihlásit, nicméně mnohem jednodušší a rychlejší je stisknout {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} a zadat {{Keypress|r}} následované klávesou {{Keypress|Enter}}.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Podobně jako v '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' u GTK2+, je i u GTK3 možné přizpůsobit vzhled v souboru '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Proměnná {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} je obvykle nastavená na '''~/.config'''.<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' výchozí motiv GNOME 3, je součástí '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Další GTK3 motivy najdete třeba na [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ stránkách Deviantart.] Příklad:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# následující volba funguje jen když ji motiv podporuje<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# nastavení písma a jeho rozměrů<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Aby se změny projevily, je nezbytné [[#Restartování_shellu|restartovat GNOME shell]]. Další volby GTK najdete ve [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties vývojářské dokumentaci GNOME.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 je kompatibilní s motivy ikon GNOME 2, což znamená, že se nemusíme omezovat pouze na motiv výchozí. Pro instalaci nových ikon zkopírujte adresář s motivem do '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}''' například takto:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/muj_motiv_ikon ~/.icons<br />
<br />
Nový motiv ''muj_motiv_ikon'' si můžete aktivovat v '''gnome-tweak-tool''' v sekci '''''Motiv'''''.<br />
<br />
Jinak můžete motiv nastavit také ručně bez gnome-tweak-tool v '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... předchozí řádky ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = muj_motiv_ikon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Remove folders from the places sidebar ====<br />
<br />
The displayed folders are specified in {{Filename|~/.config/user-dirs.dirs}} and can be altered with any editor. An execution of {{codeline|xdg-user-dirs-update}} will change them again, thus it may be advisable to set the file permissions to read-only.<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
The standard Nautilus toolbar shows a button bar interface for path navigation. To enter path locations using the ''keyboard'' you must expose the location text-entry field. This is done by pressing {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
To make the location text-entry field always present, use gsettings as shown. <br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
{{Note| after changing this setting you will not be able to expose the button bar. Only when the setting is '''false''' can both forms of location navigation be employed.}}<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení data v horním panelu ====<br />
<br />
Jako výchozí zobrazuje GNOME v horním panelu pouze den v týdnu a čas. To můžeme změnit následujícím příkazem. Změny se projeví ihned. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
A quick way to do it system-wide is to change line 153 of '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/statusMenu.js}}'''. <br />
In Gnome 3.2 the file has changed to '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js}}'''. This change takes effect the next time GNOME Shell is started.<br />
{{file|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js|content=<nowiki><br />
// this._haveSuspend = this._upClient.get_can_suspend(); // Comment this line out.<br />
this._haveSuspend = false; // Use this line instead.<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
However, the effect won't last after a GNOME update. A more perennial solution is to install the [[#GNOME shell extensions|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restartování_shellu|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=167420GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-25T14:26:44Z<p>Jhrdka: /* Spouštění GNOME */ Odkaz na SLiM opraven</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
[[Category:Česky]]<br />
{{translateme}}<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 poskytuje zbrusu nové moderní prostředí využívající GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu můžete stále nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Aktualizaci je doporučeno spouštět z konzole nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba [[SLiM (Česky)|SLiM]] nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující '''jediný''' řádek začínající slovem {{Codeline|exec}} do souboru {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}}. Pro více informací viz [[xinitrc| článek o xinitrc]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#POUZE TENTO ŘÁDEK:<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Jakmile soubor uložíte, můžete GNOME spouštět příkazem {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
Na stránkách GNOME najdete užitečný [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] s informacemi o přepínání úloh, klávesových zkratkách, práci s okny, panelem apod.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
Po úpravách vzhledu je často vyžadováno restartovat GNOME shell. Mohli bychom se odhlásit a přihlásit, nicméně mnohem jednodušší a rychlejší je stisknout {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} a zadat {{Keypress|r}} následované klávesou {{Keypress|Enter}}.<br />
<br />
=== Pády shellu ===<br />
<br />
Certain tweaks and/or repeated shell restarts may cause the shell to crash when a restart is attempted. In this case, you are informed about the crash and then forced to log out. Some shell changes, such as switching between '''''GNOME Shell''''' and '''''fallback mode,''''' cannot be accomplished via a keyboard restart; you must log out and log back in to effect them.<br />
<br />
It is common sense — but worth repeating — that valuable documents should be saved (and perhaps closed) before attempting a shell restart. It is not strictly necessary; open windows and documents usually remain intact after a shell restart.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Podobně jako v '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' u GTK2+, je i u GTK3 možné přizpůsobit vzhled v souboru '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Proměnná {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} je obvykle nastavená na '''~/.config'''.<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' výchozí motiv GNOME 3, je součástí '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Další GTK3 motivy najdete třeba na [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ stránkách Deviantart.] Příklad:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# následující volba funguje jen když ji motiv podporuje<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# nastavení písma a jeho rozměrů<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Aby se změny projevily, je nezbytné [[#Restartování_shellu|restartovat GNOME shell]]. Další volby GTK najdete ve [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties vývojářské dokumentaci GNOME.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 je kompatibilní s motivy ikon GNOME 2, což znamená, že se nemusíme omezovat pouze na motiv výchozí. Pro instalaci nových ikon zkopírujte adresář s motivem do '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}''' například takto:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/muj_motiv_ikon ~/.icons<br />
<br />
Nový motiv ''muj_motiv_ikon'' si můžete aktivovat v '''gnome-tweak-tool''' v sekci '''''Motiv'''''.<br />
<br />
Jinak můžete motiv nastavit také ručně bez gnome-tweak-tool v '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... předchozí řádky ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = muj_motiv_ikon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Remove folders from the places sidebar ====<br />
<br />
The displayed folders are specified in {{Filename|~/.config/user-dirs.dirs}} and can be altered with any editor. An execution of {{codeline|xdg-user-dirs-update}} will change them again, thus it may be advisable to set the file permissions to read-only.<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
The standard Nautilus toolbar shows a button bar interface for path navigation. To enter path locations using the ''keyboard'' you must expose the location text-entry field. This is done by pressing {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
To make the location text-entry field always present, use gsettings as shown. <br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
{{Note| after changing this setting you will not be able to expose the button bar. Only when the setting is '''false''' can both forms of location navigation be employed.}}<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení data v horním panelu ====<br />
<br />
Jako výchozí zobrazuje GNOME v horním panelu pouze den v týdnu a čas. To můžeme změnit následujícím příkazem. Změny se projeví ihned. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
A quick way to do it system-wide is to change line 153 of '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/statusMenu.js}}'''. <br />
In Gnome 3.2 the file has changed to '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js}}'''. This change takes effect the next time GNOME Shell is started.<br />
{{file|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js|content=<nowiki><br />
// this._haveSuspend = this._upClient.get_can_suspend(); // Comment this line out.<br />
this._haveSuspend = false; // Use this line instead.<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
However, the effect won't last after a GNOME update. A more perennial solution is to install the [[#GNOME shell extensions|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restartování_shellu|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=167419GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-25T14:25:43Z<p>Jhrdka: /* Spouštění GNOME */ Odkaz na SLiM</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
[[Category:Česky]]<br />
{{translateme}}<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 poskytuje zbrusu nové moderní prostředí využívající GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu můžete stále nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Aktualizaci je doporučeno spouštět z konzole nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba [[SLiM|SLiM_(Česky)]] nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující '''jediný''' řádek začínající slovem {{Codeline|exec}} do souboru {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}}. Pro více informací viz [[xinitrc| článek o xinitrc]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#POUZE TENTO ŘÁDEK:<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Jakmile soubor uložíte, můžete GNOME spouštět příkazem {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
Na stránkách GNOME najdete užitečný [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] s informacemi o přepínání úloh, klávesových zkratkách, práci s okny, panelem apod.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
Po úpravách vzhledu je často vyžadováno restartovat GNOME shell. Mohli bychom se odhlásit a přihlásit, nicméně mnohem jednodušší a rychlejší je stisknout {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} a zadat {{Keypress|r}} následované klávesou {{Keypress|Enter}}.<br />
<br />
=== Pády shellu ===<br />
<br />
Certain tweaks and/or repeated shell restarts may cause the shell to crash when a restart is attempted. In this case, you are informed about the crash and then forced to log out. Some shell changes, such as switching between '''''GNOME Shell''''' and '''''fallback mode,''''' cannot be accomplished via a keyboard restart; you must log out and log back in to effect them.<br />
<br />
It is common sense — but worth repeating — that valuable documents should be saved (and perhaps closed) before attempting a shell restart. It is not strictly necessary; open windows and documents usually remain intact after a shell restart.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Podobně jako v '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' u GTK2+, je i u GTK3 možné přizpůsobit vzhled v souboru '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Proměnná {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} je obvykle nastavená na '''~/.config'''.<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' výchozí motiv GNOME 3, je součástí '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Další GTK3 motivy najdete třeba na [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ stránkách Deviantart.] Příklad:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# následující volba funguje jen když ji motiv podporuje<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# nastavení písma a jeho rozměrů<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Aby se změny projevily, je nezbytné [[#Restartování_shellu|restartovat GNOME shell]]. Další volby GTK najdete ve [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties vývojářské dokumentaci GNOME.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 je kompatibilní s motivy ikon GNOME 2, což znamená, že se nemusíme omezovat pouze na motiv výchozí. Pro instalaci nových ikon zkopírujte adresář s motivem do '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}''' například takto:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/muj_motiv_ikon ~/.icons<br />
<br />
Nový motiv ''muj_motiv_ikon'' si můžete aktivovat v '''gnome-tweak-tool''' v sekci '''''Motiv'''''.<br />
<br />
Jinak můžete motiv nastavit také ručně bez gnome-tweak-tool v '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... předchozí řádky ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = muj_motiv_ikon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Remove folders from the places sidebar ====<br />
<br />
The displayed folders are specified in {{Filename|~/.config/user-dirs.dirs}} and can be altered with any editor. An execution of {{codeline|xdg-user-dirs-update}} will change them again, thus it may be advisable to set the file permissions to read-only.<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
The standard Nautilus toolbar shows a button bar interface for path navigation. To enter path locations using the ''keyboard'' you must expose the location text-entry field. This is done by pressing {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
To make the location text-entry field always present, use gsettings as shown. <br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
{{Note| after changing this setting you will not be able to expose the button bar. Only when the setting is '''false''' can both forms of location navigation be employed.}}<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení data v horním panelu ====<br />
<br />
Jako výchozí zobrazuje GNOME v horním panelu pouze den v týdnu a čas. To můžeme změnit následujícím příkazem. Změny se projeví ihned. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
A quick way to do it system-wide is to change line 153 of '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/statusMenu.js}}'''. <br />
In Gnome 3.2 the file has changed to '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js}}'''. This change takes effect the next time GNOME Shell is started.<br />
{{file|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js|content=<nowiki><br />
// this._haveSuspend = this._upClient.get_can_suspend(); // Comment this line out.<br />
this._haveSuspend = false; // Use this line instead.<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
However, the effect won't last after a GNOME update. A more perennial solution is to install the [[#GNOME shell extensions|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restartování_shellu|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=167418GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-25T14:21:56Z<p>Jhrdka: /* Úvod */ Slovosled</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
[[Category:Česky]]<br />
{{translateme}}<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 poskytuje zbrusu nové moderní prostředí využívající GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu můžete stále nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Aktualizaci je doporučeno spouštět z konzole nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba SLiM nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující '''jediný''' řádek začínající slovem {{Codeline|exec}} do souboru {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}}. Pro více informací viz [[xinitrc| článek o xinitrc]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#POUZE TENTO ŘÁDEK:<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Jakmile soubor uložíte, můžete GNOME spouštět příkazem {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
Na stránkách GNOME najdete užitečný [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] s informacemi o přepínání úloh, klávesových zkratkách, práci s okny, panelem apod.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
Po úpravách vzhledu je často vyžadováno restartovat GNOME shell. Mohli bychom se odhlásit a přihlásit, nicméně mnohem jednodušší a rychlejší je stisknout {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} a zadat {{Keypress|r}} následované klávesou {{Keypress|Enter}}.<br />
<br />
=== Pády shellu ===<br />
<br />
Certain tweaks and/or repeated shell restarts may cause the shell to crash when a restart is attempted. In this case, you are informed about the crash and then forced to log out. Some shell changes, such as switching between '''''GNOME Shell''''' and '''''fallback mode,''''' cannot be accomplished via a keyboard restart; you must log out and log back in to effect them.<br />
<br />
It is common sense — but worth repeating — that valuable documents should be saved (and perhaps closed) before attempting a shell restart. It is not strictly necessary; open windows and documents usually remain intact after a shell restart.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Podobně jako v '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' u GTK2+, je i u GTK3 možné přizpůsobit vzhled v souboru '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Proměnná {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} je obvykle nastavená na '''~/.config'''.<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' výchozí motiv GNOME 3, je součástí '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Další GTK3 motivy najdete třeba na [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ stránkách Deviantart.] Příklad:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# následující volba funguje jen když ji motiv podporuje<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# nastavení písma a jeho rozměrů<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Aby se změny projevily, je nezbytné [[#Restartování_shellu|restartovat GNOME shell]]. Další volby GTK najdete ve [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties vývojářské dokumentaci GNOME.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 je kompatibilní s motivy ikon GNOME 2, což znamená, že se nemusíme omezovat pouze na motiv výchozí. Pro instalaci nových ikon zkopírujte adresář s motivem do '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}''' například takto:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/muj_motiv_ikon ~/.icons<br />
<br />
Nový motiv ''muj_motiv_ikon'' si můžete aktivovat v '''gnome-tweak-tool''' v sekci '''''Motiv'''''.<br />
<br />
Jinak můžete motiv nastavit také ručně bez gnome-tweak-tool v '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... předchozí řádky ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = muj_motiv_ikon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Remove folders from the places sidebar ====<br />
<br />
The displayed folders are specified in {{Filename|~/.config/user-dirs.dirs}} and can be altered with any editor. An execution of {{codeline|xdg-user-dirs-update}} will change them again, thus it may be advisable to set the file permissions to read-only.<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
The standard Nautilus toolbar shows a button bar interface for path navigation. To enter path locations using the ''keyboard'' you must expose the location text-entry field. This is done by pressing {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
To make the location text-entry field always present, use gsettings as shown. <br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
{{Note| after changing this setting you will not be able to expose the button bar. Only when the setting is '''false''' can both forms of location navigation be employed.}}<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení data v horním panelu ====<br />
<br />
Jako výchozí zobrazuje GNOME v horním panelu pouze den v týdnu a čas. To můžeme změnit následujícím příkazem. Změny se projeví ihned. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
A quick way to do it system-wide is to change line 153 of '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/statusMenu.js}}'''. <br />
In Gnome 3.2 the file has changed to '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js}}'''. This change takes effect the next time GNOME Shell is started.<br />
{{file|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js|content=<nowiki><br />
// this._haveSuspend = this._upClient.get_can_suspend(); // Comment this line out.<br />
this._haveSuspend = false; // Use this line instead.<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
However, the effect won't last after a GNOME update. A more perennial solution is to install the [[#GNOME shell extensions|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restartování_shellu|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=167415GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-25T14:08:47Z<p>Jhrdka: Odkazy na Restartování shellu opraveny</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
[[Category:Česky]]<br />
{{translateme}}<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 poskytuje zbrusu nové moderní prostředí využívající GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu stále mužete nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Aktualizaci je doporučeno spouštět z konzole nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba SLiM nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující '''jediný''' řádek začínající slovem {{Codeline|exec}} do souboru {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}}. Pro více informací viz [[xinitrc| článek o xinitrc]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#POUZE TENTO ŘÁDEK:<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Jakmile soubor uložíte, můžete GNOME spouštět příkazem {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
Na stránkách GNOME najdete užitečný [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] s informacemi o přepínání úloh, klávesových zkratkách, práci s okny, panelem apod.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
Po úpravách vzhledu je často vyžadováno restartovat GNOME shell. Mohli bychom se odhlásit a přihlásit, nicméně mnohem jednodušší a rychlejší je stisknout {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} a zadat {{Keypress|r}} následované klávesou {{Keypress|Enter}}.<br />
<br />
=== Pády shellu ===<br />
<br />
Certain tweaks and/or repeated shell restarts may cause the shell to crash when a restart is attempted. In this case, you are informed about the crash and then forced to log out. Some shell changes, such as switching between '''''GNOME Shell''''' and '''''fallback mode,''''' cannot be accomplished via a keyboard restart; you must log out and log back in to effect them.<br />
<br />
It is common sense — but worth repeating — that valuable documents should be saved (and perhaps closed) before attempting a shell restart. It is not strictly necessary; open windows and documents usually remain intact after a shell restart.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Podobně jako v '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' u GTK2+, je i u GTK3 možné přizpůsobit vzhled v souboru '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Proměnná {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} je obvykle nastavená na '''~/.config'''.<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' výchozí motiv GNOME 3, je součástí '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Další GTK3 motivy najdete třeba na [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ stránkách Deviantart.] Příklad:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# následující volba funguje jen když ji motiv podporuje<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# nastavení písma a jeho rozměrů<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Aby se změny projevily, je nezbytné [[#Restartování_shellu|restartovat GNOME shell]]. Další volby GTK najdete ve [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties vývojářské dokumentaci GNOME.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 je kompatibilní s motivy ikon GNOME 2, což znamená, že se nemusíme omezovat pouze na motiv výchozí. Pro instalaci nových ikon zkopírujte adresář s motivem do '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}''' například takto:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/muj_motiv_ikon ~/.icons<br />
<br />
Nový motiv ''muj_motiv_ikon'' si můžete aktivovat v '''gnome-tweak-tool''' v sekci '''''Motiv'''''.<br />
<br />
Jinak můžete motiv nastavit také ručně bez gnome-tweak-tool v '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... předchozí řádky ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = muj_motiv_ikon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Remove folders from the places sidebar ====<br />
<br />
The displayed folders are specified in {{Filename|~/.config/user-dirs.dirs}} and can be altered with any editor. An execution of {{codeline|xdg-user-dirs-update}} will change them again, thus it may be advisable to set the file permissions to read-only.<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
The standard Nautilus toolbar shows a button bar interface for path navigation. To enter path locations using the ''keyboard'' you must expose the location text-entry field. This is done by pressing {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
To make the location text-entry field always present, use gsettings as shown. <br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
{{Note| after changing this setting you will not be able to expose the button bar. Only when the setting is '''false''' can both forms of location navigation be employed.}}<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení data v horním panelu ====<br />
<br />
Jako výchozí zobrazuje GNOME v horním panelu pouze den v týdnu a čas. To můžeme změnit následujícím příkazem. Změny se projeví ihned. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
A quick way to do it system-wide is to change line 153 of '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/statusMenu.js}}'''. <br />
In Gnome 3.2 the file has changed to '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js}}'''. This change takes effect the next time GNOME Shell is started.<br />
{{file|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js|content=<nowiki><br />
// this._haveSuspend = this._upClient.get_can_suspend(); // Comment this line out.<br />
this._haveSuspend = false; // Use this line instead.<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
However, the effect won't last after a GNOME update. A more perennial solution is to install the [[#GNOME shell extensions|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restartování_shellu|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restartování_shellu|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=167412GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-25T13:19:54Z<p>Jhrdka: /* Upgrade z GNOME 2 */ Slovosled</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
[[Category:Česky]]<br />
{{translateme}}<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 poskytuje zbrusu nové moderní prostředí využívající GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu stále mužete nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Aktualizaci je doporučeno spouštět z konzole nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba SLiM nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující '''jediný''' řádek začínající slovem {{Codeline|exec}} do souboru {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}}. Pro více informací viz [[xinitrc| článek o xinitrc]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#POUZE TENTO ŘÁDEK:<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Jakmile soubor uložíte, můžete GNOME spouštět příkazem {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
Na stránkách GNOME najdete užitečný [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] s informacemi o přepínání úloh, klávesových zkratkách, práci s okny, panelem apod.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
Po úpravách vzhledu je často vyžadováno restartovat GNOME shell. Mohli bychom se odhlásit a přihlásit, nicméně mnohem jednodušší a rychlejší je stisknout {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} a zadat {{Keypress|r}} následované klávesou {{Keypress|Enter}}.<br />
<br />
=== Pády shellu ===<br />
<br />
Certain tweaks and/or repeated shell restarts may cause the shell to crash when a restart is attempted. In this case, you are informed about the crash and then forced to log out. Some shell changes, such as switching between '''''GNOME Shell''''' and '''''fallback mode,''''' cannot be accomplished via a keyboard restart; you must log out and log back in to effect them.<br />
<br />
It is common sense — but worth repeating — that valuable documents should be saved (and perhaps closed) before attempting a shell restart. It is not strictly necessary; open windows and documents usually remain intact after a shell restart.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Podobně jako v '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' u GTK2+, je i u GTK3 možné přizpůsobit vzhled v souboru '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Proměnná {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} je obvykle nastavená na '''~/.config'''.<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' výchozí motiv GNOME 3, je součástí '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Další GTK3 motivy najdete třeba na [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ stránkách Deviantart.] Příklad:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# následující volba funguje jen když ji motiv podporuje<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# nastavení písma a jeho rozměrů<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Aby se změny projevily, je nezbytné [[#Restartování_shellu|restartovat GNOME shell]]. Další volby GTK najdete ve [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties vývojářské dokumentaci GNOME.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 je kompatibilní s motivy ikon GNOME 2, což znamená, že se nemusíme omezovat pouze na motiv výchozí. Pro instalaci nových ikon zkopírujte adresář s motivem do '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}''' například takto:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/muj_motiv_ikon ~/.icons<br />
<br />
Nový motiv ''muj_motiv_ikon'' si můžete aktivovat v '''gnome-tweak-tool''' v sekci '''''Motiv'''''.<br />
<br />
Jinak můžete motiv nastavit také ručně bez gnome-tweak-tool v '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... předchozí řádky ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = muj_motiv_ikon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Remove folders from the places sidebar ====<br />
<br />
The displayed folders are specified in {{Filename|~/.config/user-dirs.dirs}} and can be altered with any editor. An execution of {{codeline|xdg-user-dirs-update}} will change them again, thus it may be advisable to set the file permissions to read-only.<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
The standard Nautilus toolbar shows a button bar interface for path navigation. To enter path locations using the ''keyboard'' you must expose the location text-entry field. This is done by pressing {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
To make the location text-entry field always present, use gsettings as shown. <br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
{{Note| after changing this setting you will not be able to expose the button bar. Only when the setting is '''false''' can both forms of location navigation be employed.}}<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení data v horním panelu ====<br />
<br />
Jako výchozí zobrazuje GNOME v horním panelu pouze den v týdnu a čas. To můžeme změnit následujícím příkazem. Změny se projeví ihned. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
A quick way to do it system-wide is to change line 153 of '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/statusMenu.js}}'''. <br />
In Gnome 3.2 the file has changed to '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js}}'''. This change takes effect the next time GNOME Shell is started.<br />
{{file|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js|content=<nowiki><br />
// this._haveSuspend = this._upClient.get_can_suspend(); // Comment this line out.<br />
this._haveSuspend = false; // Use this line instead.<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
However, the effect won't last after a GNOME update. A more perennial solution is to install the [[#GNOME shell extensions|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Brother_DCP-135C&diff=167112Brother DCP-135C2011-10-23T11:23:54Z<p>Jhrdka: /* Prerequisites */ Linking part removed</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Printers_(English)]]<br />
[[Category:Imaging_(English)]]<br />
= Introduction =<br />
This is a brief tutorial to make the Brother DCP-135C printer/scanner work on Arch. While this tutorial is based on the DCP-135C specifically, it can be used as a general guide for most Brother USB printers.<br />
On [http://solutions.brother.com/linux/en_us/index.html Brother's Linux Driver page] you can find extra information along with drivers for different printer models.<br />
<br />
= Printer =<br />
== Prerequisites ==<br />
This tutorial assumes you have the following packages installed. Failure to do so may result in hard to trace issues with printing.<br />
* cups<br />
* ghostscript<br />
* gsfonts<br />
* foomatic-filters<br />
* arch x86_64 requires lib32-libcups<br />
<br />
If you previously tried to install the printer in CUPS, remove it and any remaining driver files!!<br />
<br />
Brother's scripts make use of the C Shell (csh) instead of the more common Bash. We must install tcsh from the "extra" repo.<br />
# pacman -S tcsh<br />
<br />
Your user is a member of the printer group (lp). Be sure to logout for changes to take affect.<br />
# usermod -aG lp [username]<br />
<br />
Additional info about setting up [[CUPS]] if needed.<br />
<br />
== Installing printer drivers ==<br />
You can get DCP-135C drivers from [[AUR]]:<br />
$ yaourt -S dcp135c<br />
<br />
== Installing the printer (Local USB) ==<br />
<br />
The kernel module {{codeline|usblp}} must be blacklisted before installing the driver, otherwise the Device URI will be wrong and the printer won't work.<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Blacklisting modules in rc.conf has been obsoleted and no longer works in initscripts 2011.06.1-1, so you'll have to use the following method.}}<br />
<br />
To disable the module, create a {{filename|.conf}} file inside {{filename|/etc/modprobe.d/}} as follows:<br />
<br />
{{File|/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf|content=<nowiki># Do not load the usblp module on boot<br />
blacklist usblp</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
{{Note|The {{Codeline|blacklist}} command will blacklist a module so that it will not be loaded automatically, but may be loaded if another non-blacklisted module depends on it, or if it is loaded manually.<br />
<br />
However, there is a workaround for this behaviour; the {{Codeline|install}} command instructs modprobe to run a custom command instead of inserting the module in the kernel as normal, so you can force the module to always fail loading with:<br />
<br />
{{File|/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf|content=...<br />
install usblp /bin/false<br />
...}}<br />
<br />
This will effectively "blacklist" that module and any other that depends on it.}}<br />
<br />
Reboot the box to take effect, or manually remove the module without rebooting:<br />
<br />
# modprobe -r usblp<br />
<br />
Now lets plug in the printer and run the script to install the driver for us.<br />
<br />
As root in terminal:<br />
# /usr/local/Brother/Printer/dcp135c/cupswrapper/cupswrapperdcp135c<br />
<br />
It will stop the cups daemon if it's running, and restart it.<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Daemon may fail to start due to bug in csh. If "Unknown colorls variable `mh'." message is displayed, before starting daemon, execute:}}<br />
<br />
unset LS_COLORS<br />
<br />
Now go to the CUPS setup page: http://localhost:631/<br />
Click on '''Manage Printers''' you should see your DCP135C printer automatically installed and configured. Print a test page!<br />
<br />
If the test page fails with error "Printer not connected; will retry in 30 seconds..." then.<br />
# Click Delete Printer and remove the automatically created printer.<br />
# Click Administration --> Find New Printers<br />
# You should see your Brother printer listed here, add it!<br />
# Print a test page<br />
<br />
NOTE: Be sure to add '''cupsd''' to the DAEMON line in rc.conf so it loads everytime at startup.<br />
<br />
== Installing the printer (Network, Ethernet) ==<br />
Now lets run the script to install the driver for us.<br />
<br />
As root in terminal:<br />
/usr/local/Brother/Printer/dcp135c/cupswrapper/cupswrapperdcp135c<br />
<br />
It will stop the cups daemon if it's running, and restart it.<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Daemon may fail to start due to bug in csh. If "Unknown colorls variable `mh'." message is displayed, before starting daemon, execute:}}<br />
<br />
unset LS_COLORS<br />
<br />
Now go to the CUPS setup page: http://localhost:631/<br />
# Click Manage Printers --> Delete Printer and remove the automatically created printer.<br />
# Click Administration --> Find New Printers<br />
# You should see your Brother printer listed here, add it!<br />
# Print a test page<br />
<br />
If Find New Printers doesn't list any printers you can try to set it up manually.<br />
# Click Add Printer<br />
# Location can be left blank, but can have something in it for reference sake, Description can be left blank, but can also have something in it for reference sake. Click continue<br />
# Choose the device "Appsocket/HP JetDirect" then click continue<br />
# Set the Device URI to <i>socket://192.168.0.10:9100</i><br />
# Select the make <i>Brother</i><br />
# Select the printer <i>Brother DCP-135C CUPS</i><br />
# Click finish and print a test page.<br />
<br />
NOTE: Be sure to add '''cups''' to the DAEMON line in rc.conf so it loads everytime at startup.<br />
<br />
NOTE: for Brother DCP-135C. If you would like to print wireless, try and modify the previous added printer using Cups:<br />
# Click Printers.<br />
# Click Modify Printer for the printer you installed previously<br />
# Click Continue<br />
# Choose LPD/LPR Host or Printer<br />
# Write in the filed Device URI: lpd://192.168.1.199/binary_p1. Of course, replace that ip with yours.<br />
# Choose Brother manufacturer and Brother DCP-135C Cups wrapper driver in the next screen<br />
# Click on Modify Printer<br />
<br />
and you will be able to print also using wifi of DCP-135C.<br />
<br />
=Scanner=<br />
First, make sure you [http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Scanner_setup_%26_configure set up SANE].<br />
<br />
This scanner works with Brother's [http://solutions.brother.com/linux/sol/printer/linux/sane_drivers.html brscan2] driver. It can be found on [[AUR]]:<br />
$ yaourt -S brscan2<br />
<br />
To test the scanner, you can install xsane:<br />
# pacman -S xsane<br />
<br />
And run it to verify the installation (as a luser):<br />
$ xsane<br />
<br />
==Scan Key Install (Optional)==<br />
This allows the scanner to be recognized in other programs such as GIMP. This information is a condensed and consolidated version off of Brother's linux support site ([http://solutions.brother.com/linux/en_us/instruction_scn3.html#config1 Link])<br />
<br />
Scan Key Tool can be found on [[AUR]]:<br />
$ yaourt -S brscan-skey <br />
<br />
Run the setup script for brscan-key:<br />
# /usr/local/Brother/sane/brscan-skey-0.2.1-1.sh<br />
<br />
Execute the tool to verify that the previously installed scanner is recognized:<br />
# brscan-skey -l<br />
<br />
Expect the following output:<br />
# brscan-skey -l<br />
<br />
DCP135C : brother2:net1;dev0 : 10.1.1.90 Active<br />
<br />
After you receive the above output via brscan-key, check the File-> Create list in GIMP (tested v. 2.6.4) and there should be two more entries:<br />
XSane: Device Dialog...<br />
XSane: brother2:net1;dev0<br />
<br />
If the new entries appear, congratulations! Your (networked) Brother scanner is now available via any XSane interface!<br />
<br />
==Troubleshooting==<br />
===I can scan as root, but not as a normal user===<br />
Add following lines to your {{filename|53-sane.rules}}:<br />
<br />
{{File|/lib/udev/rules.d/53-sane.rules|content=<nowiki>...<br />
# Brother DCP-135C<br />
ATTRS{idVendor}=="04f9", ATTRS{idProduct}=="01ce", MODE="0664", GROUP="scanner", ENV{libsane_matched}="yes"<br />
<br />
# The following rule will disable USB autosuspend for the device<br />
...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Make sure your user is in the scanner group:<br />
# usermod -aG scanner [username]<br />
then log out and back in.<br />
<br />
==="Waiting for printer to become available" printer status===<br />
Create a {{filename|10-cups-usb.rules}} file in {{filename|/etc/udev/rules.d/}} as follows:<br />
<br />
{{File|/etc/udev/rules.d/10-cups-usb.rules|content=<nowiki># Brother DCP-135C<br />
ATTRS{idVendor}=="04f9", ATTRS{idProduct}=="01ce", MODE:="0664", GROUP:="lp", ENV{libsane_matched}:="yes"</nowiki>}}<br />
Finally unplug and plug again the printer.</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Brother_DCP-135C&diff=167097Brother DCP-135C2011-10-23T11:18:22Z<p>Jhrdka: /* "Waiting for printer to become avaiable" printer status */ Typo</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Printers_(English)]]<br />
[[Category:Imaging_(English)]]<br />
= Introduction =<br />
This is a brief tutorial to make the Brother DCP-135C printer/scanner work on Arch. While this tutorial is based on the DCP-135C specifically, it can be used as a general guide for most Brother USB printers.<br />
On [http://solutions.brother.com/linux/en_us/index.html Brother's Linux Driver page] you can find extra information along with drivers for different printer models.<br />
<br />
= Printer =<br />
== Prerequisites ==<br />
This tutorial assumes you have the following packages installed. Failure to do so may result in hard to trace issues with printing.<br />
* cups<br />
* ghostscript<br />
* gsfonts<br />
* foomatic-filters<br />
* arch x86_64 requires lib32-libcups<br />
<br />
If you previously tried to install the printer in CUPS, remove it and any remaining driver files!!<br />
<br />
Brother's scripts make use of the C Shell (csh) instead of the more common Bash. We must install tcsh from the "extra" repo.<br />
# pacman -S tcsh<br />
<br />
Brother's scripts look for C Shell in /bin/csh but will fail with the error "Bad Interpreter" unless we correct this to /usr/bin/tcsh. As root lets create a symbolic link:<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/tcsh /bin/csh<br />
<br />
Your user is a member of the printer group (lp). Be sure to logout for changes to take affect.<br />
# usermod -aG lp [username]<br />
<br />
Additional info about setting up [[CUPS]] if needed.<br />
<br />
== Installing printer drivers ==<br />
You can get DCP-135C drivers from [[AUR]]:<br />
$ yaourt -S dcp135c<br />
<br />
== Installing the printer (Local USB) ==<br />
<br />
The kernel module {{codeline|usblp}} must be blacklisted before installing the driver, otherwise the Device URI will be wrong and the printer won't work.<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Blacklisting modules in rc.conf has been obsoleted and no longer works in initscripts 2011.06.1-1, so you'll have to use the following method.}}<br />
<br />
To disable the module, create a {{filename|.conf}} file inside {{filename|/etc/modprobe.d/}} as follows:<br />
<br />
{{File|/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf|content=<nowiki># Do not load the usblp module on boot<br />
blacklist usblp</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
{{Note|The {{Codeline|blacklist}} command will blacklist a module so that it will not be loaded automatically, but may be loaded if another non-blacklisted module depends on it, or if it is loaded manually.<br />
<br />
However, there is a workaround for this behaviour; the {{Codeline|install}} command instructs modprobe to run a custom command instead of inserting the module in the kernel as normal, so you can force the module to always fail loading with:<br />
<br />
{{File|/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf|content=...<br />
install usblp /bin/false<br />
...}}<br />
<br />
This will effectively "blacklist" that module and any other that depends on it.}}<br />
<br />
Reboot the box to take effect, or manually remove the module without rebooting:<br />
<br />
# modprobe -r usblp<br />
<br />
Now lets plug in the printer and run the script to install the driver for us.<br />
<br />
As root in terminal:<br />
# /usr/local/Brother/Printer/dcp135c/cupswrapper/cupswrapperdcp135c<br />
<br />
It will stop the cups daemon if it's running, and restart it.<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Daemon may fail to start due to bug in csh. If "Unknown colorls variable `mh'." message is displayed, before starting daemon, execute:}}<br />
<br />
unset LS_COLORS<br />
<br />
Now go to the CUPS setup page: http://localhost:631/<br />
Click on '''Manage Printers''' you should see your DCP135C printer automatically installed and configured. Print a test page!<br />
<br />
If the test page fails with error "Printer not connected; will retry in 30 seconds..." then.<br />
# Click Delete Printer and remove the automatically created printer.<br />
# Click Administration --> Find New Printers<br />
# You should see your Brother printer listed here, add it!<br />
# Print a test page<br />
<br />
NOTE: Be sure to add '''cupsd''' to the DAEMON line in rc.conf so it loads everytime at startup.<br />
<br />
== Installing the printer (Network, Ethernet) ==<br />
Now lets run the script to install the driver for us.<br />
<br />
As root in terminal:<br />
/usr/local/Brother/Printer/dcp135c/cupswrapper/cupswrapperdcp135c<br />
<br />
It will stop the cups daemon if it's running, and restart it.<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Daemon may fail to start due to bug in csh. If "Unknown colorls variable `mh'." message is displayed, before starting daemon, execute:}}<br />
<br />
unset LS_COLORS<br />
<br />
Now go to the CUPS setup page: http://localhost:631/<br />
# Click Manage Printers --> Delete Printer and remove the automatically created printer.<br />
# Click Administration --> Find New Printers<br />
# You should see your Brother printer listed here, add it!<br />
# Print a test page<br />
<br />
If Find New Printers doesn't list any printers you can try to set it up manually.<br />
# Click Add Printer<br />
# Location can be left blank, but can have something in it for reference sake, Description can be left blank, but can also have something in it for reference sake. Click continue<br />
# Choose the device "Appsocket/HP JetDirect" then click continue<br />
# Set the Device URI to <i>socket://192.168.0.10:9100</i><br />
# Select the make <i>Brother</i><br />
# Select the printer <i>Brother DCP-135C CUPS</i><br />
# Click finish and print a test page.<br />
<br />
NOTE: Be sure to add '''cups''' to the DAEMON line in rc.conf so it loads everytime at startup.<br />
<br />
NOTE: for Brother DCP-135C. If you would like to print wireless, try and modify the previous added printer using Cups:<br />
# Click Printers.<br />
# Click Modify Printer for the printer you installed previously<br />
# Click Continue<br />
# Choose LPD/LPR Host or Printer<br />
# Write in the filed Device URI: lpd://192.168.1.199/binary_p1. Of course, replace that ip with yours.<br />
# Choose Brother manufacturer and Brother DCP-135C Cups wrapper driver in the next screen<br />
# Click on Modify Printer<br />
<br />
and you will be able to print also using wifi of DCP-135C.<br />
<br />
=Scanner=<br />
First, make sure you [http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Scanner_setup_%26_configure set up SANE].<br />
<br />
This scanner works with Brother's [http://solutions.brother.com/linux/sol/printer/linux/sane_drivers.html brscan2] driver. It can be found on [[AUR]]:<br />
$ yaourt -S brscan2<br />
<br />
To test the scanner, you can install xsane:<br />
# pacman -S xsane<br />
<br />
And run it to verify the installation (as a luser):<br />
$ xsane<br />
<br />
==Scan Key Install (Optional)==<br />
This allows the scanner to be recognized in other programs such as GIMP. This information is a condensed and consolidated version off of Brother's linux support site ([http://solutions.brother.com/linux/en_us/instruction_scn3.html#config1 Link])<br />
<br />
Scan Key Tool can be found on [[AUR]]:<br />
$ yaourt -S brscan-skey <br />
<br />
Run the setup script for brscan-key:<br />
# /usr/local/Brother/sane/brscan-skey-0.2.1-1.sh<br />
<br />
Execute the tool to verify that the previously installed scanner is recognized:<br />
# brscan-skey -l<br />
<br />
Expect the following output:<br />
# brscan-skey -l<br />
<br />
DCP135C : brother2:net1;dev0 : 10.1.1.90 Active<br />
<br />
After you receive the above output via brscan-key, check the File-> Create list in GIMP (tested v. 2.6.4) and there should be two more entries:<br />
XSane: Device Dialog...<br />
XSane: brother2:net1;dev0<br />
<br />
If the new entries appear, congratulations! Your (networked) Brother scanner is now available via any XSane interface!<br />
<br />
==Troubleshooting==<br />
===I can scan as root, but not as a normal user===<br />
Add following lines to your {{filename|53-sane.rules}}:<br />
<br />
{{File|/lib/udev/rules.d/53-sane.rules|content=<nowiki>...<br />
# Brother DCP-135C<br />
ATTRS{idVendor}=="04f9", ATTRS{idProduct}=="01ce", MODE="0664", GROUP="scanner", ENV{libsane_matched}="yes"<br />
<br />
# The following rule will disable USB autosuspend for the device<br />
...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Make sure your user is in the scanner group:<br />
# usermod -aG scanner [username]<br />
then log out and back in.<br />
<br />
==="Waiting for printer to become available" printer status===<br />
Create a {{filename|10-cups-usb.rules}} file in {{filename|/etc/udev/rules.d/}} as follows:<br />
<br />
{{File|/etc/udev/rules.d/10-cups-usb.rules|content=<nowiki># Brother DCP-135C<br />
ATTRS{idVendor}=="04f9", ATTRS{idProduct}=="01ce", MODE:="0664", GROUP:="lp", ENV{libsane_matched}:="yes"</nowiki>}}<br />
Finally unplug and plug again the printer.</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Brother_DCP-135C&diff=167095Brother DCP-135C2011-10-23T11:17:16Z<p>Jhrdka: Initial commit</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Printers_(English)]]<br />
[[Category:Imaging_(English)]]<br />
= Introduction =<br />
This is a brief tutorial to make the Brother DCP-135C printer/scanner work on Arch. While this tutorial is based on the DCP-135C specifically, it can be used as a general guide for most Brother USB printers.<br />
On [http://solutions.brother.com/linux/en_us/index.html Brother's Linux Driver page] you can find extra information along with drivers for different printer models.<br />
<br />
= Printer =<br />
== Prerequisites ==<br />
This tutorial assumes you have the following packages installed. Failure to do so may result in hard to trace issues with printing.<br />
* cups<br />
* ghostscript<br />
* gsfonts<br />
* foomatic-filters<br />
* arch x86_64 requires lib32-libcups<br />
<br />
If you previously tried to install the printer in CUPS, remove it and any remaining driver files!!<br />
<br />
Brother's scripts make use of the C Shell (csh) instead of the more common Bash. We must install tcsh from the "extra" repo.<br />
# pacman -S tcsh<br />
<br />
Brother's scripts look for C Shell in /bin/csh but will fail with the error "Bad Interpreter" unless we correct this to /usr/bin/tcsh. As root lets create a symbolic link:<br />
# ln -s /usr/bin/tcsh /bin/csh<br />
<br />
Your user is a member of the printer group (lp). Be sure to logout for changes to take affect.<br />
# usermod -aG lp [username]<br />
<br />
Additional info about setting up [[CUPS]] if needed.<br />
<br />
== Installing printer drivers ==<br />
You can get DCP-135C drivers from [[AUR]]:<br />
$ yaourt -S dcp135c<br />
<br />
== Installing the printer (Local USB) ==<br />
<br />
The kernel module {{codeline|usblp}} must be blacklisted before installing the driver, otherwise the Device URI will be wrong and the printer won't work.<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Blacklisting modules in rc.conf has been obsoleted and no longer works in initscripts 2011.06.1-1, so you'll have to use the following method.}}<br />
<br />
To disable the module, create a {{filename|.conf}} file inside {{filename|/etc/modprobe.d/}} as follows:<br />
<br />
{{File|/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf|content=<nowiki># Do not load the usblp module on boot<br />
blacklist usblp</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
{{Note|The {{Codeline|blacklist}} command will blacklist a module so that it will not be loaded automatically, but may be loaded if another non-blacklisted module depends on it, or if it is loaded manually.<br />
<br />
However, there is a workaround for this behaviour; the {{Codeline|install}} command instructs modprobe to run a custom command instead of inserting the module in the kernel as normal, so you can force the module to always fail loading with:<br />
<br />
{{File|/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf|content=...<br />
install usblp /bin/false<br />
...}}<br />
<br />
This will effectively "blacklist" that module and any other that depends on it.}}<br />
<br />
Reboot the box to take effect, or manually remove the module without rebooting:<br />
<br />
# modprobe -r usblp<br />
<br />
Now lets plug in the printer and run the script to install the driver for us.<br />
<br />
As root in terminal:<br />
# /usr/local/Brother/Printer/dcp135c/cupswrapper/cupswrapperdcp135c<br />
<br />
It will stop the cups daemon if it's running, and restart it.<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Daemon may fail to start due to bug in csh. If "Unknown colorls variable `mh'." message is displayed, before starting daemon, execute:}}<br />
<br />
unset LS_COLORS<br />
<br />
Now go to the CUPS setup page: http://localhost:631/<br />
Click on '''Manage Printers''' you should see your DCP135C printer automatically installed and configured. Print a test page!<br />
<br />
If the test page fails with error "Printer not connected; will retry in 30 seconds..." then.<br />
# Click Delete Printer and remove the automatically created printer.<br />
# Click Administration --> Find New Printers<br />
# You should see your Brother printer listed here, add it!<br />
# Print a test page<br />
<br />
NOTE: Be sure to add '''cupsd''' to the DAEMON line in rc.conf so it loads everytime at startup.<br />
<br />
== Installing the printer (Network, Ethernet) ==<br />
Now lets run the script to install the driver for us.<br />
<br />
As root in terminal:<br />
/usr/local/Brother/Printer/dcp135c/cupswrapper/cupswrapperdcp135c<br />
<br />
It will stop the cups daemon if it's running, and restart it.<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Daemon may fail to start due to bug in csh. If "Unknown colorls variable `mh'." message is displayed, before starting daemon, execute:}}<br />
<br />
unset LS_COLORS<br />
<br />
Now go to the CUPS setup page: http://localhost:631/<br />
# Click Manage Printers --> Delete Printer and remove the automatically created printer.<br />
# Click Administration --> Find New Printers<br />
# You should see your Brother printer listed here, add it!<br />
# Print a test page<br />
<br />
If Find New Printers doesn't list any printers you can try to set it up manually.<br />
# Click Add Printer<br />
# Location can be left blank, but can have something in it for reference sake, Description can be left blank, but can also have something in it for reference sake. Click continue<br />
# Choose the device "Appsocket/HP JetDirect" then click continue<br />
# Set the Device URI to <i>socket://192.168.0.10:9100</i><br />
# Select the make <i>Brother</i><br />
# Select the printer <i>Brother DCP-135C CUPS</i><br />
# Click finish and print a test page.<br />
<br />
NOTE: Be sure to add '''cups''' to the DAEMON line in rc.conf so it loads everytime at startup.<br />
<br />
NOTE: for Brother DCP-135C. If you would like to print wireless, try and modify the previous added printer using Cups:<br />
# Click Printers.<br />
# Click Modify Printer for the printer you installed previously<br />
# Click Continue<br />
# Choose LPD/LPR Host or Printer<br />
# Write in the filed Device URI: lpd://192.168.1.199/binary_p1. Of course, replace that ip with yours.<br />
# Choose Brother manufacturer and Brother DCP-135C Cups wrapper driver in the next screen<br />
# Click on Modify Printer<br />
<br />
and you will be able to print also using wifi of DCP-135C.<br />
<br />
=Scanner=<br />
First, make sure you [http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Scanner_setup_%26_configure set up SANE].<br />
<br />
This scanner works with Brother's [http://solutions.brother.com/linux/sol/printer/linux/sane_drivers.html brscan2] driver. It can be found on [[AUR]]:<br />
$ yaourt -S brscan2<br />
<br />
To test the scanner, you can install xsane:<br />
# pacman -S xsane<br />
<br />
And run it to verify the installation (as a luser):<br />
$ xsane<br />
<br />
==Scan Key Install (Optional)==<br />
This allows the scanner to be recognized in other programs such as GIMP. This information is a condensed and consolidated version off of Brother's linux support site ([http://solutions.brother.com/linux/en_us/instruction_scn3.html#config1 Link])<br />
<br />
Scan Key Tool can be found on [[AUR]]:<br />
$ yaourt -S brscan-skey <br />
<br />
Run the setup script for brscan-key:<br />
# /usr/local/Brother/sane/brscan-skey-0.2.1-1.sh<br />
<br />
Execute the tool to verify that the previously installed scanner is recognized:<br />
# brscan-skey -l<br />
<br />
Expect the following output:<br />
# brscan-skey -l<br />
<br />
DCP135C : brother2:net1;dev0 : 10.1.1.90 Active<br />
<br />
After you receive the above output via brscan-key, check the File-> Create list in GIMP (tested v. 2.6.4) and there should be two more entries:<br />
XSane: Device Dialog...<br />
XSane: brother2:net1;dev0<br />
<br />
If the new entries appear, congratulations! Your (networked) Brother scanner is now available via any XSane interface!<br />
<br />
==Troubleshooting==<br />
===I can scan as root, but not as a normal user===<br />
Add following lines to your {{filename|53-sane.rules}}:<br />
<br />
{{File|/lib/udev/rules.d/53-sane.rules|content=<nowiki>...<br />
# Brother DCP-135C<br />
ATTRS{idVendor}=="04f9", ATTRS{idProduct}=="01ce", MODE="0664", GROUP="scanner", ENV{libsane_matched}="yes"<br />
<br />
# The following rule will disable USB autosuspend for the device<br />
...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Make sure your user is in the scanner group:<br />
# usermod -aG scanner [username]<br />
then log out and back in.<br />
<br />
==="Waiting for printer to become avaiable" printer status===<br />
Create a {{filename|10-cups-usb.rules}} file in {{filename|/etc/udev/rules.d/}} as follows:<br />
<br />
{{File|/etc/udev/rules.d/10-cups-usb.rules|content=<nowiki># Brother DCP-135C<br />
ATTRS{idVendor}=="04f9", ATTRS{idProduct}=="01ce", MODE:="0664", GROUP:="lp", ENV{libsane_matched}:="yes"</nowiki>}}<br />
Finally unplug and plug again the printer.</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=165544GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-13T17:14:21Z<p>Jhrdka: Přidáno translateme</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
[[Category:Česky]]<br />
{{translateme}}<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 poskytuje zbrusu nové moderní prostředí využívající GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu stále mužete nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Je doporučeno spouštět aktualizaci z konzole nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba SLiM nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující '''jediný''' řádek začínající slovem {{Codeline|exec}} do souboru {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}}. Pro více informací viz [[xinitrc| článek o xinitrc]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#POUZE TENTO ŘÁDEK:<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Jakmile soubor uložíte, můžete GNOME spouštět příkazem {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
Na stránkách GNOME najdete užitečný [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] s informacemi o přepínání úloh, klávesových zkratkách, práci s okny, panelem apod.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
Po úpravách vzhledu je často vyžadováno restartovat GNOME shell. Mohli bychom se odhlásit a přihlásit, nicméně mnohem jednodušší a rychlejší je stisknout {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} a zadat {{Keypress|r}} následované klávesou {{Keypress|Enter}}.<br />
<br />
=== Pády shellu ===<br />
<br />
Certain tweaks and/or repeated shell restarts may cause the shell to crash when a restart is attempted. In this case, you are informed about the crash and then forced to log out. Some shell changes, such as switching between '''''GNOME Shell''''' and '''''fallback mode,''''' cannot be accomplished via a keyboard restart; you must log out and log back in to effect them.<br />
<br />
It is common sense — but worth repeating — that valuable documents should be saved (and perhaps closed) before attempting a shell restart. It is not strictly necessary; open windows and documents usually remain intact after a shell restart.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Podobně jako v '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' u GTK2+, je i u GTK3 možné přizpůsobit vzhled v souboru '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Proměnná {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} je obvykle nastavená na '''~/.config'''.<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' výchozí motiv GNOME 3, je součástí '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Další GTK3 motivy najdete třeba na [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ stránkách Deviantart.] Příklad:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# následující volba funguje jen když ji motiv podporuje<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# nastavení písma a jeho rozměrů<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Aby se změny projevily, je nezbytné [[#Restartování_shellu|restartovat GNOME shell]]. Další volby GTK najdete ve [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties vývojářské dokumentaci GNOME.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 je kompatibilní s motivy ikon GNOME 2, což znamená, že se nemusíme omezovat pouze na motiv výchozí. Pro instalaci nových ikon zkopírujte adresář s motivem do '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}''' například takto:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/muj_motiv_ikon ~/.icons<br />
<br />
Nový motiv ''muj_motiv_ikon'' si můžete aktivovat v '''gnome-tweak-tool''' v sekci '''''Motiv'''''.<br />
<br />
Jinak můžete motiv nastavit také ručně bez gnome-tweak-tool v '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... předchozí řádky ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = muj_motiv_ikon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Remove folders from the places sidebar ====<br />
<br />
The displayed folders are specified in {{Filename|~/.config/user-dirs.dirs}} and can be altered with any editor. An execution of {{codeline|xdg-user-dirs-update}} will change them again, thus it may be advisable to set the file permissions to read-only.<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
The standard Nautilus toolbar shows a button bar interface for path navigation. To enter path locations using the ''keyboard'' you must expose the location text-entry field. This is done by pressing {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
To make the location text-entry field always present, use gsettings as shown. <br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
{{Note| after changing this setting you will not be able to expose the button bar. Only when the setting is '''false''' can both forms of location navigation be employed.}}<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení data v horním panelu ====<br />
<br />
Jako výchozí zobrazuje GNOME v horním panelu pouze den v týdnu a čas. To můžeme změnit následujícím příkazem. Změny se projeví ihned. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
A quick way to do it system-wide is to change line 153 of '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/statusMenu.js}}'''. <br />
In Gnome 3.2 the file has changed to '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js}}'''. This change takes effect the next time GNOME Shell is started.<br />
{{file|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js|content=<nowiki><br />
// this._haveSuspend = this._upClient.get_can_suspend(); // Comment this line out.<br />
this._haveSuspend = false; // Use this line instead.<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
However, the effect won't last after a GNOME update. A more perennial solution is to install the [[#GNOME shell extensions|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=165539GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-13T16:49:44Z<p>Jhrdka: typo</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[de:GNOME]]<br />
[[fr:GNOME]]<br />
[[pl:GNOME]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 poskytuje zbrusu nové moderní prostředí využívající GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu stále mužete nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Je doporučeno spouštět aktualizaci z konzole nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba SLiM nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující '''jediný''' řádek začínající slovem {{Codeline|exec}} do souboru {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}}. Pro více informací viz [[xinitrc| článek o xinitrc]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#POUZE TENTO ŘÁDEK:<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Jakmile soubor uložíte, můžete GNOME spouštět příkazem {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
Na stránkách GNOME najdete užitečný [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] s informacemi o přepínání úloh, klávesových zkratkách, práci s okny, panelem apod.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
Po úpravách vzhledu je často vyžadováno restartovat GNOME shell. Mohli bychom se odhlásit a přihlásit, nicméně mnohem jednodušší a rychlejší je stisknout {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} a zadat {{Keypress|r}} následované klávesou {{Keypress|Enter}}.<br />
<br />
=== Pády shellu ===<br />
<br />
Certain tweaks and/or repeated shell restarts may cause the shell to crash when a restart is attempted. In this case, you are informed about the crash and then forced to log out. Some shell changes, such as switching between '''''GNOME Shell''''' and '''''fallback mode,''''' cannot be accomplished via a keyboard restart; you must log out and log back in to effect them.<br />
<br />
It is common sense — but worth repeating — that valuable documents should be saved (and perhaps closed) before attempting a shell restart. It is not strictly necessary; open windows and documents usually remain intact after a shell restart.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Podobně jako v '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' u GTK2+, je i u GTK3 možné přizpůsobit vzhled v souboru '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Proměnná {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} je obvykle nastavená na '''~/.config'''.<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' výchozí motiv GNOME 3, je součástí '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Další GTK3 motivy najdete třeba na [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ stránkách Deviantart.] Příklad:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# následující volba funguje jen když ji motiv podporuje<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# nastavení písma a jeho rozměrů<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Aby se změny projevily, je nezbytné [[#Restartování_shellu|restartovat GNOME shell]]. Další volby GTK najdete ve [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties vývojářské dokumentaci GNOME.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 je kompatibilní s motivy ikon GNOME 2, což znamená, že se nemusíme omezovat pouze na motiv výchozí. Pro instalaci nových ikon zkopírujte adresář s motivem do '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}''' například takto:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/muj_motiv_ikon ~/.icons<br />
<br />
Nový motiv ''muj_motiv_ikon'' si můžete aktivovat v '''gnome-tweak-tool''' v sekci '''''Motiv'''''.<br />
<br />
Jinak můžete motiv nastavit také ručně bez gnome-tweak-tool v '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... předchozí řádky ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = muj_motiv_ikon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Remove folders from the places sidebar ====<br />
<br />
The displayed folders are specified in {{Filename|~/.config/user-dirs.dirs}} and can be altered with any editor. An execution of {{codeline|xdg-user-dirs-update}} will change them again, thus it may be advisable to set the file permissions to read-only.<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
The standard Nautilus toolbar shows a button bar interface for path navigation. To enter path locations using the ''keyboard'' you must expose the location text-entry field. This is done by pressing {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
To make the location text-entry field always present, use gsettings as shown. <br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
{{Note| after changing this setting you will not be able to expose the button bar. Only when the setting is '''false''' can both forms of location navigation be employed.}}<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení data v horním panelu ====<br />
<br />
Jako výchozí zobrazuje GNOME v horním panelu pouze den v týdnu a čas. To můžeme změnit následujícím příkazem. Změny se projeví ihned. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
A quick way to do it system-wide is to change line 153 of '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/statusMenu.js}}'''. <br />
In Gnome 3.2 the file has changed to '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js}}'''. This change takes effect the next time GNOME Shell is started.<br />
{{file|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js|content=<nowiki><br />
// this._haveSuspend = this._upClient.get_can_suspend(); // Comment this line out.<br />
this._haveSuspend = false; // Use this line instead.<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
However, the effect won't last after a GNOME update. A more perennial solution is to install the [[#GNOME shell extensions|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=165538GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-13T16:49:25Z<p>Jhrdka: Article summary text</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[de:GNOME]]<br />
[[fr:GNOME]]<br />
[[pl:GNOME]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 poskytuje zbrusu nový moderní prostředí využívající GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu stále mužete nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Je doporučeno spouštět aktualizaci z konzole nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba SLiM nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující '''jediný''' řádek začínající slovem {{Codeline|exec}} do souboru {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}}. Pro více informací viz [[xinitrc| článek o xinitrc]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#POUZE TENTO ŘÁDEK:<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Jakmile soubor uložíte, můžete GNOME spouštět příkazem {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
Na stránkách GNOME najdete užitečný [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] s informacemi o přepínání úloh, klávesových zkratkách, práci s okny, panelem apod.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
Po úpravách vzhledu je často vyžadováno restartovat GNOME shell. Mohli bychom se odhlásit a přihlásit, nicméně mnohem jednodušší a rychlejší je stisknout {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} a zadat {{Keypress|r}} následované klávesou {{Keypress|Enter}}.<br />
<br />
=== Pády shellu ===<br />
<br />
Certain tweaks and/or repeated shell restarts may cause the shell to crash when a restart is attempted. In this case, you are informed about the crash and then forced to log out. Some shell changes, such as switching between '''''GNOME Shell''''' and '''''fallback mode,''''' cannot be accomplished via a keyboard restart; you must log out and log back in to effect them.<br />
<br />
It is common sense — but worth repeating — that valuable documents should be saved (and perhaps closed) before attempting a shell restart. It is not strictly necessary; open windows and documents usually remain intact after a shell restart.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Podobně jako v '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' u GTK2+, je i u GTK3 možné přizpůsobit vzhled v souboru '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Proměnná {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} je obvykle nastavená na '''~/.config'''.<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' výchozí motiv GNOME 3, je součástí '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Další GTK3 motivy najdete třeba na [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ stránkách Deviantart.] Příklad:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# následující volba funguje jen když ji motiv podporuje<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# nastavení písma a jeho rozměrů<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Aby se změny projevily, je nezbytné [[#Restartování_shellu|restartovat GNOME shell]]. Další volby GTK najdete ve [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties vývojářské dokumentaci GNOME.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 je kompatibilní s motivy ikon GNOME 2, což znamená, že se nemusíme omezovat pouze na motiv výchozí. Pro instalaci nových ikon zkopírujte adresář s motivem do '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}''' například takto:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/muj_motiv_ikon ~/.icons<br />
<br />
Nový motiv ''muj_motiv_ikon'' si můžete aktivovat v '''gnome-tweak-tool''' v sekci '''''Motiv'''''.<br />
<br />
Jinak můžete motiv nastavit také ručně bez gnome-tweak-tool v '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... předchozí řádky ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = muj_motiv_ikon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Remove folders from the places sidebar ====<br />
<br />
The displayed folders are specified in {{Filename|~/.config/user-dirs.dirs}} and can be altered with any editor. An execution of {{codeline|xdg-user-dirs-update}} will change them again, thus it may be advisable to set the file permissions to read-only.<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
The standard Nautilus toolbar shows a button bar interface for path navigation. To enter path locations using the ''keyboard'' you must expose the location text-entry field. This is done by pressing {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
To make the location text-entry field always present, use gsettings as shown. <br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
{{Note| after changing this setting you will not be able to expose the button bar. Only when the setting is '''false''' can both forms of location navigation be employed.}}<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení data v horním panelu ====<br />
<br />
Jako výchozí zobrazuje GNOME v horním panelu pouze den v týdnu a čas. To můžeme změnit následujícím příkazem. Změny se projeví ihned. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
A quick way to do it system-wide is to change line 153 of '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/statusMenu.js}}'''. <br />
In Gnome 3.2 the file has changed to '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js}}'''. This change takes effect the next time GNOME Shell is started.<br />
{{file|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js|content=<nowiki><br />
// this._haveSuspend = this._upClient.get_can_suspend(); // Comment this line out.<br />
this._haveSuspend = false; // Use this line instead.<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
However, the effect won't last after a GNOME update. A more perennial solution is to install the [[#GNOME shell extensions|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=165535GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-13T16:40:16Z<p>Jhrdka: /* Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění */ Přeloženo</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[de:GNOME]]<br />
[[fr:GNOME]]<br />
[[pl:GNOME]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 provides a modern desktop, rewritten from scratch, using the GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu stále mužete nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Je doporučeno spouštět aktualizaci z konzole nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba SLiM nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující '''jediný''' řádek začínající slovem {{Codeline|exec}} do souboru {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}}. Pro více informací viz [[xinitrc| článek o xinitrc]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#POUZE TENTO ŘÁDEK:<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Jakmile soubor uložíte, můžete GNOME spouštět příkazem {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
Na stránkách GNOME najdete užitečný [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] s informacemi o přepínání úloh, klávesových zkratkách, práci s okny, panelem apod.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
Po úpravách vzhledu je často vyžadováno restartovat GNOME shell. Mohli bychom se odhlásit a přihlásit, nicméně mnohem jednodušší a rychlejší je stisknout {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} a zadat {{Keypress|r}} následované klávesou {{Keypress|Enter}}.<br />
<br />
=== Pády shellu ===<br />
<br />
Certain tweaks and/or repeated shell restarts may cause the shell to crash when a restart is attempted. In this case, you are informed about the crash and then forced to log out. Some shell changes, such as switching between '''''GNOME Shell''''' and '''''fallback mode,''''' cannot be accomplished via a keyboard restart; you must log out and log back in to effect them.<br />
<br />
It is common sense — but worth repeating — that valuable documents should be saved (and perhaps closed) before attempting a shell restart. It is not strictly necessary; open windows and documents usually remain intact after a shell restart.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Podobně jako v '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' u GTK2+, je i u GTK3 možné přizpůsobit vzhled v souboru '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Proměnná {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} je obvykle nastavená na '''~/.config'''.<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' výchozí motiv GNOME 3, je součástí '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Další GTK3 motivy najdete třeba na [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ stránkách Deviantart.] Příklad:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# následující volba funguje jen když ji motiv podporuje<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# nastavení písma a jeho rozměrů<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Aby se změny projevily, je nezbytné [[#Restartování_shellu|restartovat GNOME shell]]. Další volby GTK najdete ve [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties vývojářské dokumentaci GNOME.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 je kompatibilní s motivy ikon GNOME 2, což znamená, že se nemusíme omezovat pouze na motiv výchozí. Pro instalaci nových ikon zkopírujte adresář s motivem do '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}''' například takto:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/muj_motiv_ikon ~/.icons<br />
<br />
Nový motiv ''muj_motiv_ikon'' si můžete aktivovat v '''gnome-tweak-tool''' v sekci '''''Motiv'''''.<br />
<br />
Jinak můžete motiv nastavit také ručně bez gnome-tweak-tool v '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... předchozí řádky ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = muj_motiv_ikon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Remove folders from the places sidebar ====<br />
<br />
The displayed folders are specified in {{Filename|~/.config/user-dirs.dirs}} and can be altered with any editor. An execution of {{codeline|xdg-user-dirs-update}} will change them again, thus it may be advisable to set the file permissions to read-only.<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
The standard Nautilus toolbar shows a button bar interface for path navigation. To enter path locations using the ''keyboard'' you must expose the location text-entry field. This is done by pressing {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
To make the location text-entry field always present, use gsettings as shown. <br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
{{Note| after changing this setting you will not be able to expose the button bar. Only when the setting is '''false''' can both forms of location navigation be employed.}}<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení data v horním panelu ====<br />
<br />
Jako výchozí zobrazuje GNOME v horním panelu pouze den v týdnu a čas. To můžeme změnit následujícím příkazem. Změny se projeví ihned. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
A quick way to do it system-wide is to change line 153 of '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/statusMenu.js}}'''. <br />
In Gnome 3.2 the file has changed to '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js}}'''. This change takes effect the next time GNOME Shell is started.<br />
{{file|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js|content=<nowiki><br />
// this._haveSuspend = this._upClient.get_can_suspend(); // Comment this line out.<br />
this._haveSuspend = false; // Use this line instead.<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
However, the effect won't last after a GNOME update. A more perennial solution is to install the [[#GNOME shell extensions|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=165534GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-13T16:38:41Z<p>Jhrdka: /* Show date in top bar */ Přeloženo</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[de:GNOME]]<br />
[[fr:GNOME]]<br />
[[pl:GNOME]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 provides a modern desktop, rewritten from scratch, using the GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu stále mužete nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Je doporučeno spouštět aktualizaci z konzole nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba SLiM nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující '''jediný''' řádek začínající slovem {{Codeline|exec}} do souboru {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}}. Pro více informací viz [[xinitrc| článek o xinitrc]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#POUZE TENTO ŘÁDEK:<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Jakmile soubor uložíte, můžete GNOME spouštět příkazem {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
Na stránkách GNOME najdete užitečný [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] s informacemi o přepínání úloh, klávesových zkratkách, práci s okny, panelem apod.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
Po úpravách vzhledu je často vyžadováno restartovat GNOME shell. Mohli bychom se odhlásit a přihlásit, nicméně mnohem jednodušší a rychlejší je stisknout {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} a zadat {{Keypress|r}} následované klávesou {{Keypress|Enter}}.<br />
<br />
=== Pády shellu ===<br />
<br />
Certain tweaks and/or repeated shell restarts may cause the shell to crash when a restart is attempted. In this case, you are informed about the crash and then forced to log out. Some shell changes, such as switching between '''''GNOME Shell''''' and '''''fallback mode,''''' cannot be accomplished via a keyboard restart; you must log out and log back in to effect them.<br />
<br />
It is common sense — but worth repeating — that valuable documents should be saved (and perhaps closed) before attempting a shell restart. It is not strictly necessary; open windows and documents usually remain intact after a shell restart.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Podobně jako v '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' u GTK2+, je i u GTK3 možné přizpůsobit vzhled v souboru '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Proměnná {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} je obvykle nastavená na '''~/.config'''.<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' výchozí motiv GNOME 3, je součástí '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Další GTK3 motivy najdete třeba na [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ stránkách Deviantart.] Příklad:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# následující volba funguje jen když ji motiv podporuje<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# nastavení písma a jeho rozměrů<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Aby se změny projevily, je nezbytné [[#Restartování_shellu|restartovat GNOME shell]]. Další volby GTK najdete ve [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties vývojářské dokumentaci GNOME.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 je kompatibilní s motivy ikon GNOME 2, což znamená, že se nemusíme omezovat pouze na motiv výchozí. Pro instalaci nových ikon zkopírujte adresář s motivem do '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}''' například takto:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/muj_motiv_ikon ~/.icons<br />
<br />
Nový motiv ''muj_motiv_ikon'' si můžete aktivovat v '''gnome-tweak-tool''' v sekci '''''Motiv'''''.<br />
<br />
Jinak můžete motiv nastavit také ručně bez gnome-tweak-tool v '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... předchozí řádky ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = muj_motiv_ikon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Remove folders from the places sidebar ====<br />
<br />
The displayed folders are specified in {{Filename|~/.config/user-dirs.dirs}} and can be altered with any editor. An execution of {{codeline|xdg-user-dirs-update}} will change them again, thus it may be advisable to set the file permissions to read-only.<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
The standard Nautilus toolbar shows a button bar interface for path navigation. To enter path locations using the ''keyboard'' you must expose the location text-entry field. This is done by pressing {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
To make the location text-entry field always present, use gsettings as shown. <br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
{{Note| after changing this setting you will not be able to expose the button bar. Only when the setting is '''false''' can both forms of location navigation be employed.}}<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení data v horním panelu ====<br />
<br />
Jako výchozí zobrazuje GNOME v horním panelu pouze den v týdnu a čas. To můžeme změnit následujícím příkazem. Změny se projeví ihned. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
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==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Install {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
A quick way to do it system-wide is to change line 153 of '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/statusMenu.js}}'''. <br />
In Gnome 3.2 the file has changed to '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js}}'''. This change takes effect the next time GNOME Shell is started.<br />
{{file|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js|content=<nowiki><br />
// this._haveSuspend = this._upClient.get_can_suspend(); // Comment this line out.<br />
this._haveSuspend = false; // Use this line instead.<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
However, the effect won't last after a GNOME update. A more perennial solution is to install the [[#GNOME shell extensions|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=165533GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-13T16:35:27Z<p>Jhrdka: /* settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 */ Přeloženo</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[de:GNOME]]<br />
[[fr:GNOME]]<br />
[[pl:GNOME]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 provides a modern desktop, rewritten from scratch, using the GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu stále mužete nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Je doporučeno spouštět aktualizaci z konzole nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba SLiM nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující '''jediný''' řádek začínající slovem {{Codeline|exec}} do souboru {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}}. Pro více informací viz [[xinitrc| článek o xinitrc]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#POUZE TENTO ŘÁDEK:<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Jakmile soubor uložíte, můžete GNOME spouštět příkazem {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
Na stránkách GNOME najdete užitečný [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] s informacemi o přepínání úloh, klávesových zkratkách, práci s okny, panelem apod.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
Po úpravách vzhledu je často vyžadováno restartovat GNOME shell. Mohli bychom se odhlásit a přihlásit, nicméně mnohem jednodušší a rychlejší je stisknout {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} a zadat {{Keypress|r}} následované klávesou {{Keypress|Enter}}.<br />
<br />
=== Pády shellu ===<br />
<br />
Certain tweaks and/or repeated shell restarts may cause the shell to crash when a restart is attempted. In this case, you are informed about the crash and then forced to log out. Some shell changes, such as switching between '''''GNOME Shell''''' and '''''fallback mode,''''' cannot be accomplished via a keyboard restart; you must log out and log back in to effect them.<br />
<br />
It is common sense — but worth repeating — that valuable documents should be saved (and perhaps closed) before attempting a shell restart. It is not strictly necessary; open windows and documents usually remain intact after a shell restart.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Podobně jako v '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' u GTK2+, je i u GTK3 možné přizpůsobit vzhled v souboru '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Proměnná {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} je obvykle nastavená na '''~/.config'''.<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' výchozí motiv GNOME 3, je součástí '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Další GTK3 motivy najdete třeba na [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ stránkách Deviantart.] Příklad:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# následující volba funguje jen když ji motiv podporuje<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# nastavení písma a jeho rozměrů<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Aby se změny projevily, je nezbytné [[#Restartování_shellu|restartovat GNOME shell]]. Další volby GTK najdete ve [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties vývojářské dokumentaci GNOME.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 je kompatibilní s motivy ikon GNOME 2, což znamená, že se nemusíme omezovat pouze na motiv výchozí. Pro instalaci nových ikon zkopírujte adresář s motivem do '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}''' například takto:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/muj_motiv_ikon ~/.icons<br />
<br />
Nový motiv ''muj_motiv_ikon'' si můžete aktivovat v '''gnome-tweak-tool''' v sekci '''''Motiv'''''.<br />
<br />
Jinak můžete motiv nastavit také ručně bez gnome-tweak-tool v '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... předchozí řádky ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = muj_motiv_ikon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Remove folders from the places sidebar ====<br />
<br />
The displayed folders are specified in {{Filename|~/.config/user-dirs.dirs}} and can be altered with any editor. An execution of {{codeline|xdg-user-dirs-update}} will change them again, thus it may be advisable to set the file permissions to read-only.<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
The standard Nautilus toolbar shows a button bar interface for path navigation. To enter path locations using the ''keyboard'' you must expose the location text-entry field. This is done by pressing {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
To make the location text-entry field always present, use gsettings as shown. <br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
{{Note| after changing this setting you will not be able to expose the button bar. Only when the setting is '''false''' can both forms of location navigation be employed.}}<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Show date in top bar ====<br />
<br />
By default GNOME displays only the weekday and time in the top bar. This can be changed with the following command. Changes take effect immediately. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Install {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
A quick way to do it system-wide is to change line 153 of '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/statusMenu.js}}'''. <br />
In Gnome 3.2 the file has changed to '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js}}'''. This change takes effect the next time GNOME Shell is started.<br />
{{file|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js|content=<nowiki><br />
// this._haveSuspend = this._upClient.get_can_suspend(); // Comment this line out.<br />
this._haveSuspend = false; // Use this line instead.<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
However, the effect won't last after a GNOME update. A more perennial solution is to install the [[#GNOME shell extensions|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=165530GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-13T16:25:59Z<p>Jhrdka: /* Motiv ikon */ Přeloženo</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[de:GNOME]]<br />
[[fr:GNOME]]<br />
[[pl:GNOME]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 provides a modern desktop, rewritten from scratch, using the GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu stále mužete nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Je doporučeno spouštět aktualizaci z konzole nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba SLiM nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující '''jediný''' řádek začínající slovem {{Codeline|exec}} do souboru {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}}. Pro více informací viz [[xinitrc| článek o xinitrc]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#POUZE TENTO ŘÁDEK:<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Jakmile soubor uložíte, můžete GNOME spouštět příkazem {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
Na stránkách GNOME najdete užitečný [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] s informacemi o přepínání úloh, klávesových zkratkách, práci s okny, panelem apod.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
Po úpravách vzhledu je často vyžadováno restartovat GNOME shell. Mohli bychom se odhlásit a přihlásit, nicméně mnohem jednodušší a rychlejší je stisknout {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} a zadat {{Keypress|r}} následované klávesou {{Keypress|Enter}}.<br />
<br />
=== Pády shellu ===<br />
<br />
Certain tweaks and/or repeated shell restarts may cause the shell to crash when a restart is attempted. In this case, you are informed about the crash and then forced to log out. Some shell changes, such as switching between '''''GNOME Shell''''' and '''''fallback mode,''''' cannot be accomplished via a keyboard restart; you must log out and log back in to effect them.<br />
<br />
It is common sense — but worth repeating — that valuable documents should be saved (and perhaps closed) before attempting a shell restart. It is not strictly necessary; open windows and documents usually remain intact after a shell restart.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Like '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' with GTK2+, it is possible to set a GTK3 theme via '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Variable {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} is usually set to '''~/.config'''<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' the default GNOME 3 theme, is a part of '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Additional GTK3 themes are found at [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ Deviantart web site.] For example:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# next option is applicable only if selected theme supports it<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# set font name and dimension<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
It is necessary to [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart GNOME shell]] for settings to be applied. More GTK options are found at [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties GNOME developer documentation.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 je kompatibilní s motivy ikon GNOME 2, což znamená, že se nemusíme omezovat pouze na motiv výchozí. Pro instalaci nových ikon zkopírujte adresář s motivem do '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}''' například takto:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/muj_motiv_ikon ~/.icons<br />
<br />
Nový motiv ''muj_motiv_ikon'' si můžete aktivovat v '''gnome-tweak-tool''' v sekci '''''Motiv'''''.<br />
<br />
Jinak můžete motiv nastavit také ručně bez gnome-tweak-tool v '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... předchozí řádky ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = muj_motiv_ikon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Remove folders from the places sidebar ====<br />
<br />
The displayed folders are specified in {{Filename|~/.config/user-dirs.dirs}} and can be altered with any editor. An execution of {{codeline|xdg-user-dirs-update}} will change them again, thus it may be advisable to set the file permissions to read-only.<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
The standard Nautilus toolbar shows a button bar interface for path navigation. To enter path locations using the ''keyboard'' you must expose the location text-entry field. This is done by pressing {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
To make the location text-entry field always present, use gsettings as shown. <br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
{{Note| after changing this setting you will not be able to expose the button bar. Only when the setting is '''false''' can both forms of location navigation be employed.}}<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Show date in top bar ====<br />
<br />
By default GNOME displays only the weekday and time in the top bar. This can be changed with the following command. Changes take effect immediately. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Install {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
A quick way to do it system-wide is to change line 153 of '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/statusMenu.js}}'''. <br />
In Gnome 3.2 the file has changed to '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js}}'''. This change takes effect the next time GNOME Shell is started.<br />
{{file|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js|content=<nowiki><br />
// this._haveSuspend = this._upClient.get_can_suspend(); // Comment this line out.<br />
this._haveSuspend = false; // Use this line instead.<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
However, the effect won't last after a GNOME update. A more perennial solution is to install the [[#GNOME shell extensions|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=165526GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-13T16:13:04Z<p>Jhrdka: /* Restartování shellu */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[de:GNOME]]<br />
[[fr:GNOME]]<br />
[[pl:GNOME]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 provides a modern desktop, rewritten from scratch, using the GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu stále mužete nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Je doporučeno spouštět aktualizaci z konzole nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba SLiM nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující '''jediný''' řádek začínající slovem {{Codeline|exec}} do souboru {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}}. Pro více informací viz [[xinitrc| článek o xinitrc]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#POUZE TENTO ŘÁDEK:<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Jakmile soubor uložíte, můžete GNOME spouštět příkazem {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
Na stránkách GNOME najdete užitečný [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] s informacemi o přepínání úloh, klávesových zkratkách, práci s okny, panelem apod.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
Po úpravách vzhledu je často vyžadováno restartovat GNOME shell. Mohli bychom se odhlásit a přihlásit, nicméně mnohem jednodušší a rychlejší je stisknout {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} a zadat {{Keypress|r}} následované klávesou {{Keypress|Enter}}.<br />
<br />
=== Pády shellu ===<br />
<br />
Certain tweaks and/or repeated shell restarts may cause the shell to crash when a restart is attempted. In this case, you are informed about the crash and then forced to log out. Some shell changes, such as switching between '''''GNOME Shell''''' and '''''fallback mode,''''' cannot be accomplished via a keyboard restart; you must log out and log back in to effect them.<br />
<br />
It is common sense — but worth repeating — that valuable documents should be saved (and perhaps closed) before attempting a shell restart. It is not strictly necessary; open windows and documents usually remain intact after a shell restart.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Like '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' with GTK2+, it is possible to set a GTK3 theme via '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Variable {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} is usually set to '''~/.config'''<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' the default GNOME 3 theme, is a part of '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Additional GTK3 themes are found at [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ Deviantart web site.] For example:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# next option is applicable only if selected theme supports it<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# set font name and dimension<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
It is necessary to [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart GNOME shell]] for settings to be applied. More GTK options are found at [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties GNOME developer documentation.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
Using gnome-tweak-tool v. 3.0.3 and later, you can place any icon theme you wish to use inside '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}'''.<br />
<br />
Usefully, GNOME 3 is compatible with GNOME 2 icon themes, which means you're not stuck with the default icons. To install a new set of icons, copy your desired icon theme's directory to '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}'''. As an example:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/my_icon_theme ~/.icons<br />
<br />
The new theme ''my_icon_theme'' is now selectable using '''gnome-tweak-tool''' under '''''interface.'''''<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you may textually select your icon theme with no need for gnome-tweak-tool. Add the GTK icon theme name to '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''. Please note, not to use "" as your settings would not be recognised then.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = my_new_icon_theme</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Remove folders from the places sidebar ====<br />
<br />
The displayed folders are specified in {{Filename|~/.config/user-dirs.dirs}} and can be altered with any editor. An execution of {{codeline|xdg-user-dirs-update}} will change them again, thus it may be advisable to set the file permissions to read-only.<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
The standard Nautilus toolbar shows a button bar interface for path navigation. To enter path locations using the ''keyboard'' you must expose the location text-entry field. This is done by pressing {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
To make the location text-entry field always present, use gsettings as shown. <br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
{{Note| after changing this setting you will not be able to expose the button bar. Only when the setting is '''false''' can both forms of location navigation be employed.}}<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Show date in top bar ====<br />
<br />
By default GNOME displays only the weekday and time in the top bar. This can be changed with the following command. Changes take effect immediately. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Install {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
A quick way to do it system-wide is to change line 153 of '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/statusMenu.js}}'''. <br />
In Gnome 3.2 the file has changed to '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js}}'''. This change takes effect the next time GNOME Shell is started.<br />
{{file|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js|content=<nowiki><br />
// this._haveSuspend = this._upClient.get_can_suspend(); // Comment this line out.<br />
this._haveSuspend = false; // Use this line instead.<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
However, the effect won't last after a GNOME update. A more perennial solution is to install the [[#GNOME shell extensions|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=165525GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-13T16:10:53Z<p>Jhrdka: /* Restartování shellu */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[de:GNOME]]<br />
[[fr:GNOME]]<br />
[[pl:GNOME]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 provides a modern desktop, rewritten from scratch, using the GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu stále mužete nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Je doporučeno spouštět aktualizaci z konzole nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba SLiM nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující '''jediný''' řádek začínající slovem {{Codeline|exec}} do souboru {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}}. Pro více informací viz [[xinitrc| článek o xinitrc]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#POUZE TENTO ŘÁDEK:<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Jakmile soubor uložíte, můžete GNOME spouštět příkazem {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
Na stránkách GNOME najdete užitečný [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] s informacemi o přepínání úloh, klávesových zkratkách, práci s okny, panelem apod.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
Po úpravách vzhledu je často vyžadováno restartovat GNOME shell. Mohli bychom se odhlásit a přihlásit, nicméně mnohem jednodušší a rychlejší je stisknout {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} a zadat {{Keypress|r}} následované klávesou {{Keypress|Enter}}<br />
<br />
=== Pády shellu ===<br />
<br />
Certain tweaks and/or repeated shell restarts may cause the shell to crash when a restart is attempted. In this case, you are informed about the crash and then forced to log out. Some shell changes, such as switching between '''''GNOME Shell''''' and '''''fallback mode,''''' cannot be accomplished via a keyboard restart; you must log out and log back in to effect them.<br />
<br />
It is common sense — but worth repeating — that valuable documents should be saved (and perhaps closed) before attempting a shell restart. It is not strictly necessary; open windows and documents usually remain intact after a shell restart.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Like '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' with GTK2+, it is possible to set a GTK3 theme via '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Variable {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} is usually set to '''~/.config'''<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' the default GNOME 3 theme, is a part of '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Additional GTK3 themes are found at [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ Deviantart web site.] For example:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# next option is applicable only if selected theme supports it<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# set font name and dimension<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
It is necessary to [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart GNOME shell]] for settings to be applied. More GTK options are found at [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties GNOME developer documentation.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
Using gnome-tweak-tool v. 3.0.3 and later, you can place any icon theme you wish to use inside '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}'''.<br />
<br />
Usefully, GNOME 3 is compatible with GNOME 2 icon themes, which means you're not stuck with the default icons. To install a new set of icons, copy your desired icon theme's directory to '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}'''. As an example:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/my_icon_theme ~/.icons<br />
<br />
The new theme ''my_icon_theme'' is now selectable using '''gnome-tweak-tool''' under '''''interface.'''''<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you may textually select your icon theme with no need for gnome-tweak-tool. Add the GTK icon theme name to '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''. Please note, not to use "" as your settings would not be recognised then.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = my_new_icon_theme</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Remove folders from the places sidebar ====<br />
<br />
The displayed folders are specified in {{Filename|~/.config/user-dirs.dirs}} and can be altered with any editor. An execution of {{codeline|xdg-user-dirs-update}} will change them again, thus it may be advisable to set the file permissions to read-only.<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
The standard Nautilus toolbar shows a button bar interface for path navigation. To enter path locations using the ''keyboard'' you must expose the location text-entry field. This is done by pressing {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
To make the location text-entry field always present, use gsettings as shown. <br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
{{Note| after changing this setting you will not be able to expose the button bar. Only when the setting is '''false''' can both forms of location navigation be employed.}}<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Show date in top bar ====<br />
<br />
By default GNOME displays only the weekday and time in the top bar. This can be changed with the following command. Changes take effect immediately. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Install {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
A quick way to do it system-wide is to change line 153 of '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/statusMenu.js}}'''. <br />
In Gnome 3.2 the file has changed to '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js}}'''. This change takes effect the next time GNOME Shell is started.<br />
{{file|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js|content=<nowiki><br />
// this._haveSuspend = this._upClient.get_can_suspend(); // Comment this line out.<br />
this._haveSuspend = false; // Use this line instead.<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
However, the effect won't last after a GNOME update. A more perennial solution is to install the [[#GNOME shell extensions|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=165524GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-13T16:06:58Z<p>Jhrdka: /* GNOME tahák */ Radši Cheat sheet než tahák</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[de:GNOME]]<br />
[[fr:GNOME]]<br />
[[pl:GNOME]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 provides a modern desktop, rewritten from scratch, using the GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu stále mužete nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Je doporučeno spouštět aktualizaci z konzole nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba SLiM nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující '''jediný''' řádek začínající slovem {{Codeline|exec}} do souboru {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}}. Pro více informací viz [[xinitrc| článek o xinitrc]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#POUZE TENTO ŘÁDEK:<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Jakmile soubor uložíte, můžete GNOME spouštět příkazem {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
Na stránkách GNOME najdete užitečný [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] s informacemi o přepínání úloh, klávesových zkratkách, práci s okny, panelem apod.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
After appearance tweaks you are often asked to restart the GNOME shell. You could log out and log back in, but it is simpler and faster to issue the following keyboard command. Restart the shell by pressing {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} then {{Keypress|r}} then {{Keypress|Enter}}<br />
<br />
=== Pády shellu ===<br />
<br />
Certain tweaks and/or repeated shell restarts may cause the shell to crash when a restart is attempted. In this case, you are informed about the crash and then forced to log out. Some shell changes, such as switching between '''''GNOME Shell''''' and '''''fallback mode,''''' cannot be accomplished via a keyboard restart; you must log out and log back in to effect them.<br />
<br />
It is common sense — but worth repeating — that valuable documents should be saved (and perhaps closed) before attempting a shell restart. It is not strictly necessary; open windows and documents usually remain intact after a shell restart.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Like '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' with GTK2+, it is possible to set a GTK3 theme via '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Variable {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} is usually set to '''~/.config'''<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' the default GNOME 3 theme, is a part of '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Additional GTK3 themes are found at [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ Deviantart web site.] For example:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# next option is applicable only if selected theme supports it<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# set font name and dimension<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
It is necessary to [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart GNOME shell]] for settings to be applied. More GTK options are found at [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties GNOME developer documentation.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
Using gnome-tweak-tool v. 3.0.3 and later, you can place any icon theme you wish to use inside '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}'''.<br />
<br />
Usefully, GNOME 3 is compatible with GNOME 2 icon themes, which means you're not stuck with the default icons. To install a new set of icons, copy your desired icon theme's directory to '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}'''. As an example:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/my_icon_theme ~/.icons<br />
<br />
The new theme ''my_icon_theme'' is now selectable using '''gnome-tweak-tool''' under '''''interface.'''''<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you may textually select your icon theme with no need for gnome-tweak-tool. Add the GTK icon theme name to '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''. Please note, not to use "" as your settings would not be recognised then.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = my_new_icon_theme</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Remove folders from the places sidebar ====<br />
<br />
The displayed folders are specified in {{Filename|~/.config/user-dirs.dirs}} and can be altered with any editor. An execution of {{codeline|xdg-user-dirs-update}} will change them again, thus it may be advisable to set the file permissions to read-only.<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
The standard Nautilus toolbar shows a button bar interface for path navigation. To enter path locations using the ''keyboard'' you must expose the location text-entry field. This is done by pressing {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
To make the location text-entry field always present, use gsettings as shown. <br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
{{Note| after changing this setting you will not be able to expose the button bar. Only when the setting is '''false''' can both forms of location navigation be employed.}}<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Show date in top bar ====<br />
<br />
By default GNOME displays only the weekday and time in the top bar. This can be changed with the following command. Changes take effect immediately. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Install {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
A quick way to do it system-wide is to change line 153 of '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/statusMenu.js}}'''. <br />
In Gnome 3.2 the file has changed to '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js}}'''. This change takes effect the next time GNOME Shell is started.<br />
{{file|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js|content=<nowiki><br />
// this._haveSuspend = this._upClient.get_can_suspend(); // Comment this line out.<br />
this._haveSuspend = false; // Use this line instead.<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
However, the effect won't last after a GNOME update. A more perennial solution is to install the [[#GNOME shell extensions|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=165523GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-13T16:06:02Z<p>Jhrdka: /* GNOME cheat sheet */ Přeloženo</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[de:GNOME]]<br />
[[fr:GNOME]]<br />
[[pl:GNOME]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 provides a modern desktop, rewritten from scratch, using the GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu stále mužete nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Je doporučeno spouštět aktualizaci z konzole nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba SLiM nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
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# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující '''jediný''' řádek začínající slovem {{Codeline|exec}} do souboru {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}}. Pro více informací viz [[xinitrc| článek o xinitrc]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#POUZE TENTO ŘÁDEK:<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Jakmile soubor uložíte, můžete GNOME spouštět příkazem {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME tahák ===<br />
<br />
Na stránkách GNOME najdete užitečný [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell tahák] s informacemi o přepínání úloh, klávesových zkratkách, práci s okny, panelem apod.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
After appearance tweaks you are often asked to restart the GNOME shell. You could log out and log back in, but it is simpler and faster to issue the following keyboard command. Restart the shell by pressing {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} then {{Keypress|r}} then {{Keypress|Enter}}<br />
<br />
=== Pády shellu ===<br />
<br />
Certain tweaks and/or repeated shell restarts may cause the shell to crash when a restart is attempted. In this case, you are informed about the crash and then forced to log out. Some shell changes, such as switching between '''''GNOME Shell''''' and '''''fallback mode,''''' cannot be accomplished via a keyboard restart; you must log out and log back in to effect them.<br />
<br />
It is common sense — but worth repeating — that valuable documents should be saved (and perhaps closed) before attempting a shell restart. It is not strictly necessary; open windows and documents usually remain intact after a shell restart.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Like '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' with GTK2+, it is possible to set a GTK3 theme via '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Variable {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} is usually set to '''~/.config'''<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' the default GNOME 3 theme, is a part of '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Additional GTK3 themes are found at [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ Deviantart web site.] For example:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# next option is applicable only if selected theme supports it<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# set font name and dimension<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
It is necessary to [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart GNOME shell]] for settings to be applied. More GTK options are found at [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties GNOME developer documentation.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
Using gnome-tweak-tool v. 3.0.3 and later, you can place any icon theme you wish to use inside '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}'''.<br />
<br />
Usefully, GNOME 3 is compatible with GNOME 2 icon themes, which means you're not stuck with the default icons. To install a new set of icons, copy your desired icon theme's directory to '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}'''. As an example:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/my_icon_theme ~/.icons<br />
<br />
The new theme ''my_icon_theme'' is now selectable using '''gnome-tweak-tool''' under '''''interface.'''''<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you may textually select your icon theme with no need for gnome-tweak-tool. Add the GTK icon theme name to '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''. Please note, not to use "" as your settings would not be recognised then.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = my_new_icon_theme</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Remove folders from the places sidebar ====<br />
<br />
The displayed folders are specified in {{Filename|~/.config/user-dirs.dirs}} and can be altered with any editor. An execution of {{codeline|xdg-user-dirs-update}} will change them again, thus it may be advisable to set the file permissions to read-only.<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
The standard Nautilus toolbar shows a button bar interface for path navigation. To enter path locations using the ''keyboard'' you must expose the location text-entry field. This is done by pressing {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
To make the location text-entry field always present, use gsettings as shown. <br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
{{Note| after changing this setting you will not be able to expose the button bar. Only when the setting is '''false''' can both forms of location navigation be employed.}}<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Show date in top bar ====<br />
<br />
By default GNOME displays only the weekday and time in the top bar. This can be changed with the following command. Changes take effect immediately. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Install {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
A quick way to do it system-wide is to change line 153 of '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/statusMenu.js}}'''. <br />
In Gnome 3.2 the file has changed to '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js}}'''. This change takes effect the next time GNOME Shell is started.<br />
{{file|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js|content=<nowiki><br />
// this._haveSuspend = this._upClient.get_can_suspend(); // Comment this line out.<br />
this._haveSuspend = false; // Use this line instead.<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
However, the effect won't last after a GNOME update. A more perennial solution is to install the [[#GNOME shell extensions|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
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Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=164480GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-07T16:47:27Z<p>Jhrdka: /* Upgrade z GNOME 2 */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[de:GNOME]]<br />
[[fr:GNOME]]<br />
[[pl:GNOME]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 provides a modern desktop, rewritten from scratch, using the GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu stále mužete nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Je doporučeno spouštět aktualizaci z konzole nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba SLiM nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující '''jediný''' řádek začínající slovem {{Codeline|exec}} do souboru {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}}. Pro více informací viz [[xinitrc| článek o xinitrc]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#POUZE TENTO ŘÁDEK:<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Jakmile soubor uložíte, můžete GNOME spouštět příkazem {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
The GNOME web site has a helpful [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] explaining task switching, keyboard use, window control, the panel, overview mode, and more.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
After appearance tweaks you are often asked to restart the GNOME shell. You could log out and log back in, but it is simpler and faster to issue the following keyboard command. Restart the shell by pressing {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} then {{Keypress|r}} then {{Keypress|Enter}}<br />
<br />
=== Pády shellu ===<br />
<br />
Certain tweaks and/or repeated shell restarts may cause the shell to crash when a restart is attempted. In this case, you are informed about the crash and then forced to log out. Some shell changes, such as switching between '''''GNOME Shell''''' and '''''fallback mode,''''' cannot be accomplished via a keyboard restart; you must log out and log back in to effect them.<br />
<br />
It is common sense — but worth repeating — that valuable documents should be saved (and perhaps closed) before attempting a shell restart. It is not strictly necessary; open windows and documents usually remain intact after a shell restart.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Like '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' with GTK2+, it is possible to set a GTK3 theme via '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Variable {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} is usually set to '''~/.config'''<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' the default GNOME 3 theme, is a part of '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Additional GTK3 themes are found at [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ Deviantart web site.] For example:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# next option is applicable only if selected theme supports it<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# set font name and dimension<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
It is necessary to [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart GNOME shell]] for settings to be applied. More GTK options are found at [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties GNOME developer documentation.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
Using gnome-tweak-tool v. 3.0.3 and later, you can place any icon theme you wish to use inside '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}'''.<br />
<br />
Usefully, GNOME 3 is compatible with GNOME 2 icon themes, which means you're not stuck with the default icons. To install a new set of icons, copy your desired icon theme's directory to '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}'''. As an example:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/my_icon_theme ~/.icons<br />
<br />
The new theme ''my_icon_theme'' is now selectable using '''gnome-tweak-tool''' under '''''interface.'''''<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you may textually select your icon theme with no need for gnome-tweak-tool. Add the GTK icon theme name to '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''. Please note, not to use "" as your settings would not be recognised then.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = my_new_icon_theme</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Remove folders from the places sidebar ====<br />
<br />
The displayed folders are specified in {{Filename|~/.config/user-dirs.dirs}} and can be altered with any editor. An execution of {{codeline|xdg-user-dirs-update}} will change them again, thus it may be advisable to set the file permissions to read-only.<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
The standard Nautilus toolbar shows a button bar interface for path navigation. To enter path locations using the ''keyboard'' you must expose the location text-entry field. This is done by pressing {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
To make the location text-entry field always present, use gsettings as shown. <br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
{{Note| after changing this setting you will not be able to expose the button bar. Only when the setting is '''false''' can both forms of location navigation be employed.}}<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Show date in top bar ====<br />
<br />
By default GNOME displays only the weekday and time in the top bar. This can be changed with the following command. Changes take effect immediately. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Install {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
A quick way to do it system-wide is to change line 153 of '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/statusMenu.js}}'''. <br />
In Gnome 3.2 the file has changed to '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js}}'''. This change takes effect the next time GNOME Shell is started.<br />
{{file|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js|content=<nowiki><br />
// this._haveSuspend = this._upClient.get_can_suspend(); // Comment this line out.<br />
this._haveSuspend = false; // Use this line instead.<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
However, the effect won't last after a GNOME update. A more perennial solution is to install the [[#GNOME shell extensions|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_2_(%C4%8Cesky)&diff=164479GNOME 2 (Česky)2011-10-07T16:46:06Z<p>Jhrdka: /* Viz také */ Přidán odkaz na článek o Gnome 3</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (Česky)]]<br />
[[Category:Česky]]<br />
{{i18n|GNOME}}<br />
<br />
==Co je to GNOME?==<br />
<br />
[http://www.gnome.org/ GNOME] je projekt poskytující dvě věci: desktopové prostředí, intuitivní a atraktivní desktop pro koncové uživatele a GNOME vývojová platforma, rozsáhlá základna pro tvorbu aplikací integrovaných do prostředí.<br />
<br />
==Jak nainstalovat GNOME?==<br />
<br />
Pro nainstalování základu GNOME napište následující příkaz:<br />
pacman -S gnome<br />
<br />
Pro nainstalování rozšířeného GNOME (doporučeno) napište následující příkaz:<br />
pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
Pro spuštění správných procesů po bootu editujte soubor /etc/rc.conf a přidejte "portmap", "fam", "dbus" and "hal" do DAEMONS=() řádky.<br />
<br />
==Spouštění GNOME==<br />
<br />
Pro start GNOME z konzole napište:<br />
gnome-session<br />
<br />
Pokud přidáte do $HOME/.xinitrc řádku:<br />
exec gnome-session<br />
<br />
Pozn: GNOME 2.14 potřebuje podporu dbus proto nahradte řádek exec tímto:<br />
exec dbus-launch --exit-with-session /opt/gnome/bin/gnome-session<br />
<br />
GNOME se spustí jakmile napíšete:<br />
startx<br />
<br />
==GDM (GNOME Display Manager)==<br />
<br />
Pokud chcete grafické přihlašování musíte nainstalovat [http://www.gnome.org/projects/gdm/ GDM]. Pro jeho instalaci jen napište:<br />
pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Aby se gdm spouštělo hned po startu musíte zapsat "gdm" do seznamu démonů v /etc/rc.conf<br />
<br />
Pokud jsi zvyklý používat '''$HOME/.xinitrc''' pro předání argumentů X po startu tak jako '''xmodmap''' nebo '''xsetroot''', můžete přidat to samé do '''$HOME/.xprofile'''. Můj .xprofile je takovýto:<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
#!/bin/sh<br />
<br />
#<br />
# ~/.xprofile<br />
#<br />
# Executed by gdm at login<br />
#<br />
<br />
xmodmap -e "pointer = 1 2 3 6 7 4 5" #set mouse buttons up correctly<br />
xsetroot -solid black #sets the background to black<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Pro více informací o grafickém přihlašování [http://endor.clublinux.org/RHCE-21.html koukněte sem].<br />
<br />
<br />
==Viz také==<br />
* [[GNOME 3 (Česky)]]<br />
* [[Gnome Menu tweaking]]<br />
* [[Gnome Tips]]<br />
<br />
==Externí odkazy==<br />
* Oficiální dokumentace: http://www.gnome.org/learn/<br />
* Témata, ikony a tapety: http://arch-stuff.org/ ; http://www.gnome-look.org/ ; http://art.gnome.org/<br />
* GTK programy a pár témat: http://www.gnomefiles.org/</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=164478GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-07T16:43:16Z<p>Jhrdka: /* Spouštění GNOME */ Překlad dokončen</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[de:GNOME]]<br />
[[fr:GNOME]]<br />
[[pl:GNOME]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 provides a modern desktop, rewritten from scratch, using the GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu stále mužete nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Je doporučeno spouštět aktualizaci ze sezení TTY nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba SLiM nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující '''jediný''' řádek začínající slovem {{Codeline|exec}} do souboru {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}}. Pro více informací viz [[xinitrc| článek o xinitrc]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#POUZE TENTO ŘÁDEK:<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
Jakmile soubor uložíte, můžete GNOME spouštět příkazem {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
The GNOME web site has a helpful [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] explaining task switching, keyboard use, window control, the panel, overview mode, and more.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
After appearance tweaks you are often asked to restart the GNOME shell. You could log out and log back in, but it is simpler and faster to issue the following keyboard command. Restart the shell by pressing {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} then {{Keypress|r}} then {{Keypress|Enter}}<br />
<br />
=== Pády shellu ===<br />
<br />
Certain tweaks and/or repeated shell restarts may cause the shell to crash when a restart is attempted. In this case, you are informed about the crash and then forced to log out. Some shell changes, such as switching between '''''GNOME Shell''''' and '''''fallback mode,''''' cannot be accomplished via a keyboard restart; you must log out and log back in to effect them.<br />
<br />
It is common sense — but worth repeating — that valuable documents should be saved (and perhaps closed) before attempting a shell restart. It is not strictly necessary; open windows and documents usually remain intact after a shell restart.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Like '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' with GTK2+, it is possible to set a GTK3 theme via '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Variable {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} is usually set to '''~/.config'''<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' the default GNOME 3 theme, is a part of '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Additional GTK3 themes are found at [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ Deviantart web site.] For example:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# next option is applicable only if selected theme supports it<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# set font name and dimension<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
It is necessary to [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart GNOME shell]] for settings to be applied. More GTK options are found at [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties GNOME developer documentation.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
Using gnome-tweak-tool v. 3.0.3 and later, you can place any icon theme you wish to use inside '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}'''.<br />
<br />
Usefully, GNOME 3 is compatible with GNOME 2 icon themes, which means you're not stuck with the default icons. To install a new set of icons, copy your desired icon theme's directory to '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}'''. As an example:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/my_icon_theme ~/.icons<br />
<br />
The new theme ''my_icon_theme'' is now selectable using '''gnome-tweak-tool''' under '''''interface.'''''<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you may textually select your icon theme with no need for gnome-tweak-tool. Add the GTK icon theme name to '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''. Please note, not to use "" as your settings would not be recognised then.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = my_new_icon_theme</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Remove folders from the places sidebar ====<br />
<br />
The displayed folders are specified in {{Filename|~/.config/user-dirs.dirs}} and can be altered with any editor. An execution of {{codeline|xdg-user-dirs-update}} will change them again, thus it may be advisable to set the file permissions to read-only.<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
The standard Nautilus toolbar shows a button bar interface for path navigation. To enter path locations using the ''keyboard'' you must expose the location text-entry field. This is done by pressing {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
To make the location text-entry field always present, use gsettings as shown. <br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
{{Note| after changing this setting you will not be able to expose the button bar. Only when the setting is '''false''' can both forms of location navigation be employed.}}<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Show date in top bar ====<br />
<br />
By default GNOME displays only the weekday and time in the top bar. This can be changed with the following command. Changes take effect immediately. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Install {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
A quick way to do it system-wide is to change line 153 of '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/statusMenu.js}}'''. <br />
In Gnome 3.2 the file has changed to '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js}}'''. This change takes effect the next time GNOME Shell is started.<br />
{{file|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js|content=<nowiki><br />
// this._haveSuspend = this._upClient.get_can_suspend(); // Comment this line out.<br />
this._haveSuspend = false; // Use this line instead.<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
However, the effect won't last after a GNOME update. A more perennial solution is to install the [[#GNOME shell extensions|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=164475GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-07T16:32:39Z<p>Jhrdka: /* Instalace */ Přeložen postup, přidány odkazy na český článek o D-Bus</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[de:GNOME]]<br />
[[fr:GNOME]]<br />
[[pl:GNOME]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 provides a modern desktop, rewritten from scratch, using the GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu stále mužete nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Je doporučeno spouštět aktualizaci ze sezení TTY nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 se nachází v repozitáři [extra]. Skupina '''gnome''' obsahuje základní pracovní prostředí a aplikace, '''gnome-extra''' obsahuje některé další volitelné součásti. Pokud si nejste jisti, jestli všechny balíčky využijete, pročtěte si před instalací jejich popisy (nebo je prostě odstraňte později).<br />
<br />
Příklad:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
GNOME pro svůj běh vyžaduje [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] démon. V článku [[D-Bus (Česky)|D-Bus]] najdete návod na jeho instalaci.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
Pro nejlepší integraci prostředí je doporučen správce přihlášení '''GDM'''. Nic vám ale nebrání v tom nainstalovat si místo GDM třeba SLiM nebo cokoliv jiného. Pro další informace o spouštění pracovního prostředí navštivte [[Display Manager (Česky)|článek o správcích displeje]].<br />
<br />
The login manager is a limited process entrusted with duties that impact the system. The [[PolicyKit|PolicyKit wiki article]] addresses the topic of system‑wide access control.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
Pokud GNOME radši spouštíte ručně z konzole, přidejte následující řádek do svého {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}} souboru. Make sure it is the only line (remove the {{Codeline|for}} block from the standard {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}} since the {{Codeline|for}} block can cause problems) and the only command starting with {{Codeline|exec}}. See the [[xinitrc| xinitrc wiki article]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#ONLY THIS LINE<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
After the {{Codeline|exec}} command is placed, GNOME can be launched by typing {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
The GNOME web site has a helpful [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] explaining task switching, keyboard use, window control, the panel, overview mode, and more.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
After appearance tweaks you are often asked to restart the GNOME shell. You could log out and log back in, but it is simpler and faster to issue the following keyboard command. Restart the shell by pressing {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} then {{Keypress|r}} then {{Keypress|Enter}}<br />
<br />
=== Pády shellu ===<br />
<br />
Certain tweaks and/or repeated shell restarts may cause the shell to crash when a restart is attempted. In this case, you are informed about the crash and then forced to log out. Some shell changes, such as switching between '''''GNOME Shell''''' and '''''fallback mode,''''' cannot be accomplished via a keyboard restart; you must log out and log back in to effect them.<br />
<br />
It is common sense — but worth repeating — that valuable documents should be saved (and perhaps closed) before attempting a shell restart. It is not strictly necessary; open windows and documents usually remain intact after a shell restart.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Like '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' with GTK2+, it is possible to set a GTK3 theme via '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Variable {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} is usually set to '''~/.config'''<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' the default GNOME 3 theme, is a part of '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Additional GTK3 themes are found at [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ Deviantart web site.] For example:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# next option is applicable only if selected theme supports it<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# set font name and dimension<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
It is necessary to [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart GNOME shell]] for settings to be applied. More GTK options are found at [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties GNOME developer documentation.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
Using gnome-tweak-tool v. 3.0.3 and later, you can place any icon theme you wish to use inside '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}'''.<br />
<br />
Usefully, GNOME 3 is compatible with GNOME 2 icon themes, which means you're not stuck with the default icons. To install a new set of icons, copy your desired icon theme's directory to '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}'''. As an example:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/my_icon_theme ~/.icons<br />
<br />
The new theme ''my_icon_theme'' is now selectable using '''gnome-tweak-tool''' under '''''interface.'''''<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you may textually select your icon theme with no need for gnome-tweak-tool. Add the GTK icon theme name to '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''. Please note, not to use "" as your settings would not be recognised then.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = my_new_icon_theme</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Remove folders from the places sidebar ====<br />
<br />
The displayed folders are specified in {{Filename|~/.config/user-dirs.dirs}} and can be altered with any editor. An execution of {{codeline|xdg-user-dirs-update}} will change them again, thus it may be advisable to set the file permissions to read-only.<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
The standard Nautilus toolbar shows a button bar interface for path navigation. To enter path locations using the ''keyboard'' you must expose the location text-entry field. This is done by pressing {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
To make the location text-entry field always present, use gsettings as shown. <br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
{{Note| after changing this setting you will not be able to expose the button bar. Only when the setting is '''false''' can both forms of location navigation be employed.}}<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Show date in top bar ====<br />
<br />
By default GNOME displays only the weekday and time in the top bar. This can be changed with the following command. Changes take effect immediately. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Install {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
A quick way to do it system-wide is to change line 153 of '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/statusMenu.js}}'''. <br />
In Gnome 3.2 the file has changed to '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js}}'''. This change takes effect the next time GNOME Shell is started.<br />
{{file|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js|content=<nowiki><br />
// this._haveSuspend = this._upClient.get_can_suspend(); // Comment this line out.<br />
this._haveSuspend = false; // Use this line instead.<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
However, the effect won't last after a GNOME update. A more perennial solution is to install the [[#GNOME shell extensions|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=D-Bus_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=164473D-Bus (Čeština)2011-10-07T16:18:27Z<p>Jhrdka: Přidán český překlad</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Daemons and system services (English)]]<br />
{{i18n|D-Bus}}<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|Instalace a konfigurace D-Bus.}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
[[Wikipedia:D-Bus|D-Bus]] je software poskytující aplikacím jednoduchý způsob jak vzájemně komunikovat. Skládá se z démona, který může být spuštěn jak v rámci celého systému, tak v rámci uživatelských sezení, a sady knihoven umožňující aplikacím D-Bus využívat.<br />
==Instalace==<br />
{{Package Official|dbus}} může být nainstalován z [extra]. Vzhledem k tomu, že je D-Bus vyžádován poměrně velkým počtem aplikací, je lepší ho mít nainstalovaný.<br />
<br />
Pro ruční spuštění vizte [[Daemon (Česky)#Ruční spouštění a zastavování|instrukce v článku o démonech]]. Můžete si ho také přidat do [[Daemon (Česky)#Spouštění po startu|seznamu démonů]] v {{Filename|/etc/rc.conf}}, aby se spouštěl automaticky při bootování.<br />
<br />
==Spuštění uživatelského sezení==<br />
[[GNOME (Česky)|gnome-session]], [[KDE (Česky)|startkde]] a [[Xfce (Česky)|startxfce4]] spouští D-Bus sezení automaticky, pokud už neběží. Šablona pro {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}} ({{Filename|/etc/skel/.xinitrc}}) udělá to samé jako skripty v {{Filename|/etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc.d/}}, včetně 30-dbus. Ujistěte se, že je tento kód obsažen ve vašem [[xinitrc|~/.xinitrc]]:<br />
<br />
{{File|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki>#!/bin/sh<br />
<br />
# Source scripts in /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc.d/<br />
if [ -d /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc.d ]; then<br />
for f in /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc.d/*; do<br />
[ -x "$f" ] && . "$f"<br />
done<br />
unset f<br />
fi<br />
<br />
exec $your_window_manager</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
==Viz také==<br />
*[http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/dbus Stránky D-Bus na freedesktop.org]<br />
*[http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/IntroductionToDBus Úvod do D-Bus] na freedesktop.org</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=164464GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-07T15:42:15Z<p>Jhrdka: Změna kategorie na českou</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[de:GNOME]]<br />
[[fr:GNOME]]<br />
[[pl:GNOME]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (Česky)]]<br />
<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 provides a modern desktop, rewritten from scratch, using the GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu stále mužete nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Je doporučeno spouštět aktualizaci ze sezení TTY nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 is in the [extra] repository. The '''gnome''' group contains the core desktop environment and applications, and gnome-extra contains the rest. You likely do not want all of the packages installed, so consider reading the package descriptions before installing them (or just remove them later).<br />
<br />
Example:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
The GNOME desktop requires the [[D-Bus]] daemon. Refer to the [[dbus]] article for setup instructions.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
For the best desktop integration, login manager '''GDM''' is recommended. Other login managers (a.k.a. display managers) such as SLiM can be used in place of GDM. Check out the [[Display_Manager|wiki article on display managers]] to learn how desktop environments are started.<br />
<br />
The login manager is a limited process entrusted with duties that impact the system. The [[PolicyKit|PolicyKit wiki article]] addresses the topic of system‑wide access control.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
If you prefer to start GNOME manually from the console, add the following line to your {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}} file. Make sure it is the only line (remove the {{Codeline|for}} block from the standard {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}} since the {{Codeline|for}} block can cause problems) and the only command starting with {{Codeline|exec}}. See the [[xinitrc| xinitrc wiki article]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#ONLY THIS LINE<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
After the {{Codeline|exec}} command is placed, GNOME can be launched by typing {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
The GNOME web site has a helpful [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] explaining task switching, keyboard use, window control, the panel, overview mode, and more.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
After appearance tweaks you are often asked to restart the GNOME shell. You could log out and log back in, but it is simpler and faster to issue the following keyboard command. Restart the shell by pressing {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} then {{Keypress|r}} then {{Keypress|Enter}}<br />
<br />
=== Pády shellu ===<br />
<br />
Certain tweaks and/or repeated shell restarts may cause the shell to crash when a restart is attempted. In this case, you are informed about the crash and then forced to log out. Some shell changes, such as switching between '''''GNOME Shell''''' and '''''fallback mode,''''' cannot be accomplished via a keyboard restart; you must log out and log back in to effect them.<br />
<br />
It is common sense — but worth repeating — that valuable documents should be saved (and perhaps closed) before attempting a shell restart. It is not strictly necessary; open windows and documents usually remain intact after a shell restart.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Like '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' with GTK2+, it is possible to set a GTK3 theme via '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Variable {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} is usually set to '''~/.config'''<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' the default GNOME 3 theme, is a part of '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Additional GTK3 themes are found at [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ Deviantart web site.] For example:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# next option is applicable only if selected theme supports it<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# set font name and dimension<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
It is necessary to [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart GNOME shell]] for settings to be applied. More GTK options are found at [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties GNOME developer documentation.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
Using gnome-tweak-tool v. 3.0.3 and later, you can place any icon theme you wish to use inside '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}'''.<br />
<br />
Usefully, GNOME 3 is compatible with GNOME 2 icon themes, which means you're not stuck with the default icons. To install a new set of icons, copy your desired icon theme's directory to '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}'''. As an example:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/my_icon_theme ~/.icons<br />
<br />
The new theme ''my_icon_theme'' is now selectable using '''gnome-tweak-tool''' under '''''interface.'''''<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you may textually select your icon theme with no need for gnome-tweak-tool. Add the GTK icon theme name to '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''. Please note, not to use "" as your settings would not be recognised then.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = my_new_icon_theme</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Remove folders from the places sidebar ====<br />
<br />
The displayed folders are specified in {{Filename|~/.config/user-dirs.dirs}} and can be altered with any editor. An execution of {{codeline|xdg-user-dirs-update}} will change them again, thus it may be advisable to set the file permissions to read-only.<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
The standard Nautilus toolbar shows a button bar interface for path navigation. To enter path locations using the ''keyboard'' you must expose the location text-entry field. This is done by pressing {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
To make the location text-entry field always present, use gsettings as shown. <br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
{{Note| after changing this setting you will not be able to expose the button bar. Only when the setting is '''false''' can both forms of location navigation be employed.}}<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Show date in top bar ====<br />
<br />
By default GNOME displays only the weekday and time in the top bar. This can be changed with the following command. Changes take effect immediately. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Install {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
A quick way to do it system-wide is to change line 153 of '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/statusMenu.js}}'''. <br />
In Gnome 3.2 the file has changed to '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js}}'''. This change takes effect the next time GNOME Shell is started.<br />
{{file|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js|content=<nowiki><br />
// this._haveSuspend = this._upClient.get_can_suspend(); // Comment this line out.<br />
this._haveSuspend = false; // Use this line instead.<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
However, the effect won't last after a GNOME update. A more perennial solution is to install the [[#GNOME shell extensions|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdkahttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GNOME_(%C4%8Ce%C5%A1tina)&diff=164463GNOME (Čeština)2011-10-07T15:39:43Z<p>Jhrdka: Initial commit</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n|GNOME 3|GNOME}}<br />
[[de:GNOME]]<br />
[[fr:GNOME]]<br />
[[pl:GNOME]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments (English)]]<br />
<br />
{{Article summary start}}<br />
{{Article summary text|GNOME 3 provides a modern desktop, rewritten from scratch, using the GTK3+ toolkit.}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Overview}}<br />
{{Article summary text|{{Graphical user interface overview}}}}<br />
{{Article summary heading|Related}}<br />
{{Article summary wiki|GTK+}}<br />
{{Article summary end}}<br />
<br />
Projekt GNOME začal od píky a vytvořil úplně nový desktop jménem GNOME 3. Nabízí:<br />
<br />
* Moderní vzhled a písmo<br />
* Přístup ke všem oknům a aplikacím pomocí "Činností"<br />
* Přívětivý systém notifikací a nenápadný horní panel<br />
* Integraci vylepšeného prohlížeče souborů Nautilus<br />
* Integrované služby pro komunikaci<br />
* Novou aplikaci pro nastavení systému<br />
* Vyhledávací funkci činností<br />
* Funkce jako automatické rozmisťování oken<br />
<br />
Další informace najdete na [http://www.gnome3.org/ oficiálních stránkách GNOME 3.]<br />
<br />
== Úvod ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 má ''dvě'' prostředí: '''GNOME Shell''' (nový standardní layout) a '''nouzový režim''' (fallback mode). Sezení GNOME automaticky rozpozná, kdy počítač není schopen spustit Gnome Shell a v případě nutnosti spustí nouzový režim.<br />
<br />
'''Nouzový režim''' se podobá GNOME 2. (Používá gnome-panel/Metacity místo gnome-shell/Mutter.)<br />
<br />
V nouzovém režimu stále mužete nahradit výchozí správce oken vámi preferovaným.<br />
<br />
== Upgrade z GNOME 2 ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Upgrade na GNOME 3 z aktivního GNOME 2 sezení může způsobit poškození systému.}}<br />
<br />
Je doporučeno spouštět aktualizaci ze sezení TTY nebo z jiného pracovního prostředí / správce oken.<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu <br />
<br />
Touto aktualizací jsme nainstalovali pouze ''nouzový režim'' GNOME 3.x. Pro instaci nového GNOME shellu:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell<br />
<br />
V závislosti na vašem nastavení může být pro správnou funkčnost nezbytné odstranit starou konfiguraci:<br />
<br />
$ mv .config .config.bak<br />
$ mv .gconf .gconf.bak<br />
$ mv .gnome2 .gnome2.bak<br />
<br />
==Instalace==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 is in the [extra] repository. The '''gnome''' group contains the core desktop environment and applications, and gnome-extra contains the rest. You likely do not want all of the packages installed, so consider reading the package descriptions before installing them (or just remove them later).<br />
<br />
Example:<br />
<br />
# pacman -Syu gnome<br />
# pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
<br />
===D-Bus démon===<br />
The GNOME desktop requires the [[D-Bus]] daemon. Refer to the [[dbus]] article for setup instructions.<br />
<br />
=== Spouštění GNOME ===<br />
<br />
For the best desktop integration, login manager '''GDM''' is recommended. Other login managers (a.k.a. display managers) such as SLiM can be used in place of GDM. Check out the [[Display_Manager|wiki article on display managers]] to learn how desktop environments are started.<br />
<br />
The login manager is a limited process entrusted with duties that impact the system. The [[PolicyKit|PolicyKit wiki article]] addresses the topic of system‑wide access control.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gdm<br />
<br />
If you prefer to start GNOME manually from the console, add the following line to your {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}} file. Make sure it is the only line (remove the {{Codeline|for}} block from the standard {{Filename|~/.xinitrc}} since the {{Codeline|for}} block can cause problems) and the only command starting with {{Codeline|exec}}. See the [[xinitrc| xinitrc wiki article]].<br />
{{file|~/.xinitrc|content=<nowiki><br />
#ONLY THIS LINE<br />
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
After the {{Codeline|exec}} command is placed, GNOME can be launched by typing {{Codeline|startx}}.<br />
<br />
== Používání shellu ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME cheat sheet ===<br />
<br />
The GNOME web site has a helpful [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/CheatSheet GNOME Shell cheat sheet] explaining task switching, keyboard use, window control, the panel, overview mode, and more.<br />
<br />
=== Restartování shellu ===<br />
<br />
After appearance tweaks you are often asked to restart the GNOME shell. You could log out and log back in, but it is simpler and faster to issue the following keyboard command. Restart the shell by pressing {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F2}} then {{Keypress|r}} then {{Keypress|Enter}}<br />
<br />
=== Pády shellu ===<br />
<br />
Certain tweaks and/or repeated shell restarts may cause the shell to crash when a restart is attempted. In this case, you are informed about the crash and then forced to log out. Some shell changes, such as switching between '''''GNOME Shell''''' and '''''fallback mode,''''' cannot be accomplished via a keyboard restart; you must log out and log back in to effect them.<br />
<br />
It is common sense — but worth repeating — that valuable documents should be saved (and perhaps closed) before attempting a shell restart. It is not strictly necessary; open windows and documents usually remain intact after a shell restart.<br />
<br />
== Přizpůsobení vzhledu GNOME ==<br />
<br />
=== Overall appearance ===<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 may have "started from scratch", but like most large software projects it is assembled from parts dating to different eras. There is not '''one''' all-encompassing configuration tool. The new ''Systems Settings'' tool is a big improvement over previous control panels. ''System Settings'' is well-organized, but you may find yourself wishing for more control over system appearance.<br />
<br />
You may be familiar with existing configuration tools: some of these still work; many will not. Some settings are not readily exposed for you to change. Indubitably, many settings will migrate to newer tools and/or become exposed as time progresses and the wider community embraces and extends the latest GNOME desktop.<br />
<br />
==== Gsettings ====<br />
<br />
A new command-line tool '''gsettings''' stores data in a binary format, unlike previous tools using XML text. A tutorial [http://blog.fpmurphy.com/2011/03/customizing-the-gnome-3-shell.html Customizing the GNOME Shell] explores the power of gsettings.<br />
<br />
==== GNOME tweak tool ====<br />
<br />
This graphical tool customizes fonts, themes, titlebar buttons and other settings. <br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-tweak-tool<br />
<br />
Version 3.0.3 only works when gnome-shell is installed (OK if forced to fallback mode). [https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=647132 Bugzilla bug report here.]<br />
<br />
==== settings.ini a nastavení vzhledu GTK3 ====<br />
<br />
Like '''{{Filename|~/.gtkrc-2.0}}''' with GTK2+, it is possible to set a GTK3 theme via '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''.<br />
<br />
Variable {{Codeline|$XDG_CONFIG_HOME}} is usually set to '''~/.config'''<br />
<br />
''Adwaita,'' the default GNOME 3 theme, is a part of '''gnome-themes-standard.''' Additional GTK3 themes are found at [http://browse.deviantart.com/customization/skins/linuxutil/desktopenv/gnome/gtk3/ Deviantart web site.] For example:<br />
{{file|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki><br />
[Settings]<br />
gtk-theme-name = Adwaita<br />
gtk-fallback-icon-theme = gnome<br />
# next option is applicable only if selected theme supports it<br />
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true<br />
# set font name and dimension<br />
gtk-font-name = Sans 10<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
It is necessary to [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart GNOME shell]] for settings to be applied. More GTK options are found at [http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/3.0/GtkSettings.html#GtkSettings.properties GNOME developer documentation.]<br />
<br />
==== Motiv ikon ====<br />
<br />
Using gnome-tweak-tool v. 3.0.3 and later, you can place any icon theme you wish to use inside '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}'''.<br />
<br />
Usefully, GNOME 3 is compatible with GNOME 2 icon themes, which means you're not stuck with the default icons. To install a new set of icons, copy your desired icon theme's directory to '''{{Filename|~/.icons}}'''. As an example:<br />
<br />
$ cp -R /home/user/Desktop/my_icon_theme ~/.icons<br />
<br />
The new theme ''my_icon_theme'' is now selectable using '''gnome-tweak-tool''' under '''''interface.'''''<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you may textually select your icon theme with no need for gnome-tweak-tool. Add the GTK icon theme name to '''{{Filename|${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini}}'''. Please note, not to use "" as your settings would not be recognised then.<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}/gtk-3.0/settings.ini|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
gtk-icon-theme-name = my_new_icon_theme</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
==== Remove folders from the places sidebar ====<br />
<br />
The displayed folders are specified in {{Filename|~/.config/user-dirs.dirs}} and can be altered with any editor. An execution of {{codeline|xdg-user-dirs-update}} will change them again, thus it may be advisable to set the file permissions to read-only.<br />
<br />
==== Vždy zobrazovat umístění jako text ====<br />
<br />
The standard Nautilus toolbar shows a button bar interface for path navigation. To enter path locations using the ''keyboard'' you must expose the location text-entry field. This is done by pressing {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|L}}<br />
<br />
To make the location text-entry field always present, use gsettings as shown. <br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.nautilus.preferences always-use-location-entry true<br />
<br />
{{Note| after changing this setting you will not be able to expose the button bar. Only when the setting is '''false''' can both forms of location navigation be employed.}}<br />
<br />
=== GNOME panel ===<br />
<br />
==== Show date in top bar ====<br />
<br />
By default GNOME displays only the weekday and time in the top bar. This can be changed with the following command. Changes take effect immediately. <br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.shell.clock show-date true<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky zpřístupnění ====<br />
<br />
Install {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-noa11y-git}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí ikonky bluetooth ====<br />
<br />
Deactivate bluetooth as startup-service if that is your intent. Refer to section [[#Automatic_program_launch_upon_login|Automatic program launch upon login]]<br />
<br />
Create a folder named '''{{Filename|nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui}}''' in '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''. Create two new files:<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/extension.js|content=<nowiki>const Panel = imports.ui.panel;<br />
<br />
function main() {<br />
Panel.STANDARD_TRAY_ICON_SHELL_IMPLEMENTATION['bluetooth'] = '';<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{File|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions/nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui/metadata.json|content=<nowiki>{<br />
"shell-version": ["3.0"],<br />
"uuid": "nobluetooth.icon@panel.ui",<br />
"name": "nbluetooth",<br />
"description": "Turn off the bluetooth icon in the panel"<br />
}</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME shell.]] The icon should be hidden. If this extension ceases to work in the future, adjust the shell version number in '''{{Filename|metadata.json.}}'''<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení ikonky baterie ====<br />
<br />
Pro zobrazení ikony baterie v oznamovací oblasti nainstalujte {{codeline|gnome-power-manager}}.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-power-manager<br />
<br />
==== Zakázání položky "Uspat" ve status menu ====<br />
<br />
A quick way to do it system-wide is to change line 153 of '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/statusMenu.js}}'''. <br />
In Gnome 3.2 the file has changed to '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js}}'''. This change takes effect the next time GNOME Shell is started.<br />
{{file|/usr/share/gnome-shell/js/ui/userMenu.js|content=<nowiki><br />
// this._haveSuspend = this._upClient.get_can_suspend(); // Comment this line out.<br />
this._haveSuspend = false; // Use this line instead.<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
However, the effect won't last after a GNOME update. A more perennial solution is to install the [[#GNOME shell extensions|alternative status menu]].<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-shell-extension-alternative-status-menu<br />
<br />
==== Eliminate delay when logging out ====<br />
<br />
The following tweak removes the confirmation dialog and sixty second delay for logging out.<br />
<br />
This dialog normally appears when you log out with the status menu. This tweak affects the '''''Power Off''''' dialog as well. This is not a system-wide change; it affects only the user who enters this command. The change takes effect immediately after entering the command.<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.SessionManager logout-prompt 'false'<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení sledování systému ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte rozšíření [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49250 gnome-shell-system-monitor-applet-git] dostupné v [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
==== Zobrazení informací o počasí ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte {{Package AUR|gnome-shell-extension-weather-git}} z [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
=== Zobrazení činností ===<br />
<br />
==== Odstranění položek z přehledu aplikací ====<br />
<br />
Like other desktop environments, GNOME uses .desktop files to populate its Applications view. These text files are in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. It is not possible to edit these files from a folder view ‒ Nautilus does not treat their icons as text files. Use a terminal to display or edit .desktop file entries.<br />
<br />
# ls /usr/share/applications<br />
# nano /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop<br />
<br />
For system wide changes, edit files in '''{{filename|/usr/share/applications}}'''. For local changes, make a copy of ''foo.desktop'' in your home folder.<br />
<br />
$ cp /usr/share/applications/foo.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/<br />
<br />
Edit .desktop files to fit your wishes. '''Note:''' removing a .desktop file does not uninstall an application, but instead removes its desktop integration: MIME types, shortcuts, and so forth.<br />
<br />
The following command appends one line to a .desktop file and hides its associated icon from Applications view:<br />
<br />
$ echo "NoDisplay=true" >> foo.desktop<br />
<br />
==== Zmenšení velikosti ikon aplikací ====<br />
<br />
One awkward selection of the GNOME designers is their choice of large icons for Applications view. This view is painful when working with a small screen containing many large application icons. There is a way to reduce the icon size. It is done by editing the Gnome-Shell theme.<br />
<br />
Edit system files directly (make a backup first) or copy theme files to your local folder and edit these files. For the default theme, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
For user themes, edit '''{{filename|/usr/share/themes/<UserTheme>/gnome-shell/gnome-shell.css}}'''<br />
<br />
Edit ''gnome-shell.css'' and replace the following values. Afterward, [[#Restarting_the_shell|restart the GNOME shell.]]<br />
{{file|gnome-shell.css|content=<nowiki><br />
.icon-grid {<br />
spacing: 18px;<br />
-shell-grid-item-size: 82px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.icon-grid .overview-icon {<br />
icon-size: 48px;<br />
}<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
A cloned GNOME Shell theme with smaller icons is available [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51586 on the AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Záhlaví okna ===<br />
<br />
==== Ztenčení záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i '/title_vertical_pad/s|value="[0-9]\{1,2\}"|value="0"|g' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Příkaz změní vertikální odsazení titulku ze 14 na 0 a dodá záhlaví uhlazenější vzhled.<br />
<br />
Pro obnovení původních hodnot:<br />
<br />
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
==== Úprava tlačítek záhlaví ====<br />
<br />
At present this setting is changeable only through '''gconf-editor.'''<br />
<br />
For example, we move the close and minimize buttons to the left side of the titlebar. Open '''gconf-editor''' and locate the '''''desktop.gnome.shell.windows.button_layout''''' key. Change its value to '''{{Codeline|close,minimize:}}''' (Colon symbol designates the spacer between left side and right side of the titlebar.) Use whichever buttons in whatever order you prefer. You cannot use a button more than once. Also, keep in mind that certain buttons are deprecated. [[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the shell]] to see your new button arrangement.<br />
<br />
==== Skrytí záhlaví při maximalizaci ====<br />
<br />
# sed -i -r 's|(<frame_geometry name="max")|\1 has_title="false"|' /usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restartujte GNOME shell.]] Po této úpravě možná budete mít problém zrušit maximalizaci okna, když ho nebude za co chytit.<br />
<br />
With suitable keybindings, you should be able to use {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F5}}, {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|F10}} or {{Keypress|Alt}} + {{Keypress|Space}} to remedy the situation.<br />
<br />
To prevent '''{{filename|metacity-theme-3.xml}}''' from being overwritten each time package "gnome-themes-standard" is upgraded, add its name to '''{{Filename|/etc/pacman.conf}}''' with {{Codeline|NoUpgrade}}.<br />
<br />
: {{File|/etc/pacman.conf|content=<nowiki>... previous lines ...<br />
<br />
# Pacman won't upgrade packages listed in IgnorePkg and members of IgnoreGroup<br />
# IgnorePkg =<br />
# IgnoreGroup =<br />
<br />
NoUpgrade = usr/share/themes/Adwaita/metacity-1/metacity-theme-3.xml # Do not add a leading slash to the path<br />
<br />
... more lines ...</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
To restore original Adwaita theme values:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S gnome-themes-standard<br />
<br />
=== Přihlašovací obrazovka ===<br />
<br />
To modify characteristics of the login screen (GDM, the GNOME display manager) the following lines can be executed. The first command allows all users, including "gdm", to access X settings (albeit temporarily). This command creates a temporary vulnerability, so be advised. The second command opens a bash session with the credentials of user "gdm". '''Note:''' for exposition, user gdm's terminal prompt is shown as '''$'''. In actuality, it shows something like -bash-4.2$.<br />
<br />
# xhost +<br />
# su - gdm -s /bin/bash<br />
$ dbus-launch<br />
<br />
The third command prints DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS and DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID. We must export these variables. Either manually export the below two variables shown in the output of dbus-launch like this:<br />
<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:abstract=/tmp/dbus-Jb433gMQHS,guid=fc14d4bf3d000e38276a5a2200000d38<br />
$ export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_PID=4283<br />
<br />
Or use the follow command:<br />
<br />
$ `dbus-launch | sed "s/^/export /"`<br />
<br />
<br />
Check to see if dconf-service is running and if not, start it like this<br />
<br />
$ /usr/lib/dconf/dconf-service &<br />
<br />
==== Pozadí přihlašovací obrazovky ====<br />
<br />
Once session variables have been exported as explained above, you may issue commands to retrieve or set items used by GDM. <br />
<br />
The easiest way to changes all the settings is by launching the Configuration Editor gui with the command<br />
<br />
$ dconf-editor<br />
<br />
The location of each setting is the same as in the command line style of configuration shown below:<br />
<br />
The following is the command-line approach to retrieve or set the file name used for GDM's wallpaper.<br />
<pre style="overflow:auto;"><br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-uri 'file:///usr/share/backgrounds/gnome/SundownDunes.jpg'<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.background picture-options 'zoom'<br />
## Possible values: centered, none, scaled, spanned, stretched, wallpaper, zoom</pre><br />
Note: You must specify a file which user "gdm" has permission to read. GDM cannot read files in your home directory.<br />
<br />
An alternative graphical interface to changing themes (gtk3, icons and cursor), the wallpaper and minor other settings of the GDM login screen, you can install [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=50232 gdm3setup] from AUR.<br />
<br />
==== Větší písmo pro přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
This tweak enlarges the login font with a scaling factor. It is the same method employed by ''Accessibility Manager'' on the desktop.<br />
<br />
You must [[#Login_screen|export the GDM session variables]] before performing this tweak.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface text-scaling-factor '1.25'<br />
<br />
==== Vypnutí zvuku ====<br />
<br />
This tweak disables the audible feedback heard when the system volume is adjusted (via keyboard) on the login screen. You must first export the GDM session variables.<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.sound event-sounds 'false'<br />
<br />
If the above tweak does not work for you or you are unable to export the GDM session variables, there is always the easiest solution to the "ready sound" problem: mute or lower the sound while in GDM login screen using the media keys (if available) of your keyboard.<br />
<br />
==== Make the power button interactive ====<br />
<br />
The default installation sets the power button to suspend the system. '''''Power off''''' or '''''Show dialog''''' is a better choice. You must first export the GDM session variables as [[#Login_screen|outlined previously.]]<br />
<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'interactive'<br />
$ GSETTINGS_BACKEND=dconf gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'interactive'<br />
$ gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power<br />
<br />
==== Rozložení klávesnice v GDM ====<br />
<br />
GDM neví o vašem nastavení klávesnice v GNOME 3. Pro změnu nastavení klávesnice v GDM nastavte požadované rozložení v Xorg konfiguraci. Viz [[Beginners'_Guide_(Česky)#Úprava_rozložení_klávesnice|Beginner's Guide.]]<br />
<br />
=== Další tipy ===<br />
Viz [[GNOME Tips]].<br />
<br />
== Miscellaneous settings ==<br />
<br />
==== Nastavení aplikací spouštěných při přihlášení ====<br />
<br />
Aplikace, které se automaticky spouští po přihlášení nastavíme pomocí {{codeline|gnome-session-properties}}. Tento nástroj je součástí balíčku {{codeline|gnome-session}}.<br />
<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
==== Aktivování numlocku při spuštění ====<br />
<br />
Nainstalujte numlockx z repozitáře '''[community]'''. Pak přidejte příkaz numlockx do aplikací spouštěných po přihlášení.<br />
<br />
# pacman -S numlockx<br />
$ gnome-session-properties<br />
<br />
The above command opens the '''Startup Applications Preferences''' applet. Click '''''Add''''' and enter the following:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Name: || ''Numlockx''<br />
|-<br />
| Command: || ''/usr/bin/numlockx on''<br />
|-<br />
| Comment: || ''Turns on numlock.''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
This is not a system-wide appearance tweak. Repeat these steps for each user wishing to activate numlock upon login.<br />
<br />
=== Rozšíření GNOME shell ===<br />
<br />
GNOME Shell can be customized with extensions written by others. These provide features such as a dock or a widget for changing the theme. Details on available extensions are found at the [http://www.webupd8.org/2011/04/gnome-shell-extensions-additional.html WEBUPD8] site. The most recent articles can be found using this [http://www.webupd8.org/search/label/gnome%20shell%20extensions?max-results=20 WEBUPD8 search link.]<br />
<br />
Repository '''[extras]''' has a dozen extensions which can be installed individually. (The latest version of a given extension may be installed using its code snapshot, if preferred.) [http://www.archlinux.org/packages/?sort=&q=gnome-shell-extension&maintainer=&last_update=&flagged=&limit=50 List here.]<br />
<br />
$ pacman -Ss gnome-shell-extension<br />
<br />
Other useful extensions provided in the AUR:<br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49368 Presentation Mode]'' || Adds option to inhibit screensaver in the power menu (battery icon).<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=49409 Weather]'' || Displays weather notifications.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=48607 Alternative Status Menu]'' || Adds "Hibernate" and "Power Off" to the status menu.<br />
|-<br />
| ''[https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=51102 Theme selector]'' || Select a theme in the activities overview. To install a custom theme with Gnome Tweak Tool you need to install the ''[http://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/gnome-shell-extension-user-theme User theme extension]''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[#Restarting_the_shell|Restart the GNOME Shell]] after installing an extension. See [[#When_an_extension_breaks_GNOME|when an extension breaks GNOME]] for troubleshooting information.<br />
<br />
=== Výchozí terminál ===<br />
<br />
{{codeline|gsettings}}, which replaces {{codeline|gconftool-2}} in GNOME 3, is used to set e. g. the default terminal manually. The setting is relevant for ''nautilus-open-terminal''.<br />
The commands for [[rxvt-unicode|urxvt]] run as daemon:<br />
<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec urxvtc<br />
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.default-applications.terminal exec-arg "'-e'"<br />
<br />
{{Note|For ''nautilus-open-terminal'', you may need a flag (e.g. {{Codeline|-e}}) to indicate that a command will follow: ''nautilus-open-terminal'' passes a {{Codeline|cd}} command in order to change directories to the appropriate location.}}<br />
<br />
=== Prostřední tlačítko myši ===<br />
<br />
By default, GNOME 3 disables middle mouse button emulation regardless of Xorg settings ('''Emulate3Buttons'''). To enable middle mouse button emulation use:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.peripherals.mouse middle-button-enabled true<br />
<br />
=== Xmonad ===<br />
<br />
[[Xmonad]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
Upgrading to GNOME 3 will likely break your xmonad setup. You can use xmonad again by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating two files:<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/xmonad.session|content=<nowiki>[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=Xmonad session<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=xmonad<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/xmonad-gnome-session.desktop|content=<nowiki>[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Xmonad GNOME<br />
Comment=Tiling window manager<br />
TryExec=/usr/bin/gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=xmonad<br />
Type=XSession</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Xmonad GNOME'' as your session.<br />
<br />
=== wmii ===<br />
<br />
[[wmii]] is a tiling window manager.<br />
<br />
You can use wmii with gnome by [[#Enabling_fallback_mode|forcing fallback mode]] and creating tree files:<br />
<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/applications/wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Version=1.0<br />
Type=Application<br />
Name=wmii<br />
TryExec=wmii<br />
Exec=wmii</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-wmii.desktop|content=<nowiki><br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=Gnome-wmii<br />
Comment=Gnome with wmii as window manager<br />
TryExec=gnome-session<br />
Exec=gnome-session --session=wmii<br />
Type=Application</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
: {{file|name=/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/wmii.session|content=<nowiki><br />
[GNOME Session]<br />
Name=wmii<br />
RequiredComponents=gnome-panel;gnome-settings-daemon;<br />
RequiredProviders=windowmanager;notifications;<br />
DefaultProvider-windowmanager=wmii<br />
DefaultProvider-notifications=notification-daemon</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The next time you log in, you should have the ability to choose ''Gnome-wmii'' as your session.<br />
<br />
The original info was taken from [http://makandra.com/notes/1367-running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome running-the-awesome-window-manager-within-gnome], go there for info on awesome-gnome.<br />
<br />
Also it has info on how to:<br />
<br />
- create a per session (wmii, gnome, gnome-wmii, etc) dconf database (useful if you ever plan on using regular gnome)<br />
<br />
- Remove the bottom Gnome panel (with the task list)<br />
<br />
- Move the top panel (with the menus) to the bottom<br />
<br />
- Untick the expand option<br />
<br />
- Set it to autohide<br />
<br />
== Hidden features ==<br />
<br />
GNOME 3 hides many useful options which you can customize with '''dconf-editor.''' GNOME 3 also supports '''gconf-editor''' for settings that have not yet migrated to dconf.<br />
<br />
=== Úprava klávesových zkratek ===<br />
<br />
Firstly, use '''dconf-editor''' to place a checkmark next to {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} in the key named ''org.gnome.desktop.interface.''<br />
<br />
We will replace the hotkey — a.k.a. keyboard shortcut, keyboard accelerator — used by Nautilus to move files to the trash folder.<br />
<br />
The default assignment is a somewhat-awkward {{Keypress|Ctrl}} + {{Keypress|Delete}}.<br />
<br />
* Open Nautilus, select any file, and click '''Edit''' on the menu bar.<br />
* Hover over the ''Move to Trash'' menu item.<br />
* While hovering, press {{Keypress|Delete}}. The current accelerator is now unset.<br />
* Press the key that you wish to become the new keyboard accelerator.<br />
* Press {{Keypress|Delete}} to make the new accelerator be the Delete key.<br />
<br />
Unless you select a file or folder, ''Move to Trash'' will be grayed-out. Finally, disable {{Codeline|can-change-accels}} to prevent accidental hotkey changes.<br />
<br />
=== Shutdown via the status menu ===<br />
<br />
Presently, GNOME designers have hidden the Shutdown option inside the status menu. To shut down your system with the status menu, click the menu and hold down the '''Alt''' key so that the '''''Suspend''''' item changes to '''''Power Off.''''' The subsequent dialog allows you to shut down or restart your system.<br />
<br />
If you disable the Suspend menu item system-wide as described [[#Disable_"Suspend"_in_the_status_menu|elsewhere in this document]] you do not have to go through these motions.<br />
<br />
Another option is to install the ''Alternative Status Menu'' extension. See the section on shell extensions. The alternative menu extension installs a new status menu with a non-hidden '''''Power Off''''' entry.<br />
<br />
== Integrated messaging (Empathy) ==<br />
<br />
Empathy, the engine behind integrated messaging, and all system settings based on messaging accounts will not show up unless the '''telepathy''' group of packages or at least one of the backends ('''telepathy-gabble''', or '''telepathy-haze''', for example) is installed.<br />
<br />
These packages are not included in default Arch GNOME installs. You can install the Telepathy and optionally any backends with:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S telepathy<br />
<br />
Without telepathy, Empathy will not open the account management dialog and can get stuck in this state. If this happens -- even after quitting Empathy cleanly -- the /usr/bin/empathy-accounts application can remain running and will need to be killed before you can add any new accounts.<br />
<br />
View descriptions of telepathy components on the [http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Components Freedesktop.org Telepathy Wiki.]<br />
<br />
== Enabling fallback mode ==<br />
<br />
Your session automatically starts in fallback mode when '''gnome-shell''' is not present, or when your hardware cannot handle graphics acceleration — such as running within a virtual machine or running on old hardware.<br />
<br />
If you wish to enable fallback mode while still having '''gnome-shell''' installed, make the following system change:<br />
<br />
Open '''gnome-control-center.''' Click the ''System Info'' icon. Click Graphics. Change ''Forced Fallback Mode'' to {{Codeline|ON.}}<br />
<br />
You can alternatively choose the type of session from a terminal with a ''gsettings'' command:<br />
<br />
$ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session session-name 'gnome-fallback'<br />
<br />
You may want to log out after making the change. You will see the chosen type of session upon your next login.<br />
<br />
To disable forced-fallback mode (that is, launch the normal GNOME Shell) use a value of 'gnome' instead of 'gnome-fallback'.<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== GNOME login takes a very long time ===<br />
<br />
See if you enabled ''PulseAudio Network'' settings in '''paprefs'''. When any network audio settings are enabled, GNOME hangs about a minute after login.<br />
<br />
One solution is to create a new user account and login to that account. Another solution is to move your '''~/.gconf''', '''~/.gconfd''' and '''~/.conf/dconf''' folders to a holding area. Login again to see if the delay is gone.<br />
<br />
If the excessive delay is gone, determine which setting causes the delay using trial-and-error.<br />
<br />
=== When an extension breaks GNOME ===<br />
<br />
When enabling shell extensions causes GNOME breakage, you should first remove the ''user-theme'' and ''auto-move-windows'' extensions from their installation directory.<br />
<br />
The installation directory could be one of '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome‑shell/extensions,}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/local/share/gnome‑shell/extensions}}'''. Removing these two extension-containing folders may fix the breakage. Otherwise, isolate the problem extension with trial‑and‑error.<br />
<br />
Removing or adding an extension-containing folder to the aforementioned directories removes or adds the corresponding extension to your system. Details on Gnome Shell extensions are available at the [https://live.gnome.org/GnomeShell/Extensions GNOME web site.]<br />
<br />
=== Extensions do not work after GNOME 3 update ===<br />
<br />
Locate the folder where your extensions are installed. It might be '''{{Filename|~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}''' or '''{{Filename|/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions}}'''.<br />
<br />
Edit each occurrence of '''{{Filename|metadata.json}}''' which appears in each extension sub-folder. <br />
<br />
{| border="0"<br />
| Insert: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| Instead of (for example): || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.1"]}}'''<br />
|-<br />
| You might instead use: || '''{{Codeline|"shell-version": ["3.0.0", "3.0.1", "3.0.2"]}}'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
'''"3.0"''' is the best solution. It indicates the extension works with every '''''3.0.x''''' GNOME Shell version.<br />
<br />
=== Screen is not locked after resume ===<br />
<br />
Screen lock only works when you suspend through GNOME's status menu. If you suspend or hibernate using the power button, your screen is not locked after resume. The problem is a configuration failure in dconf.<br />
<br />
Open ''dconf-editor'' and uncheck '''{{Codeline|lock-use-screensaver}}''' in the key named ''org.gnome.power-manager.''<br />
<br />
# gsettings set org.gnome.power-manager lock-use-screensaver 'false'<br />
<br />
Your screen should now be locked after resume whether you used the status menu, the power button, or a key combination. Bug report: [https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=698135#c8 Screen gets no more locked after suspend #Comment 8]<br />
<br />
=== GTK2+ apps show segfaults and fail to launch ===<br />
<br />
That usually happens when '''oxygen-gtk''' is installed. This theme appears to conflict with GNOME 3 or GTK3 settings. When '''oxygen-gtk''' has been set as a GTK2 theme, GTK2 apps segfault with errors like these:<br />
<br />
<pre> (firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-WARNING **: invalid (NULL) pointer instance<br />
<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): GLib-GObject-CRITICAL **: g_signal_connect_data: assertion `G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE (instance)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_colormap_get_visual: assertion `GDK_IS_COLORMAP (colormap)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_default_colormap: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_screen_get_root_window: assertion `GDK_IS_SCREEN (screen)' failed<br />
(firefox-bin:14345): Gdk-CRITICAL **: IA__gdk_window_new: assertion `GDK_IS_WINDOW (parent)' failed<br />
Segmentation fault<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
The current workaround is to remove '''oxygen-gtk''' from the system and use a different theme for applications.<br />
<br />
=== ATI Catalyst driver creates glitches and artifacts ===<br />
<br />
For the moment, Catalyst is not proposed to be used while running GNOME Shell. The opensource ATI driver, xf86-video-ati, however, seems to be working properly with the GNOME 3 composited desktop.<br />
<br />
Note: Fix is promised with Catalyst 11.9. See http://ati.cchtml.com/show_bug.cgi?id=99<br />
<br />
=== Multiple monitors and dock extension ===<br />
<br />
If you have multiple monitors configured using Nvidia Twinview, the dock extension may get sandwiched in-between the monitors. You can edit the source of this extension to reposition the dock to a position of your choosing.<br />
<br />
Edit '''/usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions/dock@gnome-shell-extensions.gnome.org/extension.js''' and locate this line in the source:<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-2, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
The first parameter is the X position of the dock display, by subtracting 15 pixels as opposed to 2 pixels from this it correctly positioned on my primary monitor, you can play around with any X,Y coordinate pair to position it correctly.<br />
<br />
this.actor.set_position(primary.width-this._item_size-this._spacing-15, (primary.height-height)/2);<br />
<br />
=== No event sounds for Empathy and other programs ===<br />
<br />
If you're using [[OSS]], you may want to install '''libcanberra-oss''' [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?ID=31163 from AUR].<br />
<br />
=== Editing hotkeys via can-change-accels fails ===<br />
<br />
It is also possible to manually change the keys via an application's so-called accel map file. Where it is to be found is up to the application: For instance, Thunar's is at {{Filename|~/.config/Thunar/accels.scm}}, whereas Nautilus's is located at {{Filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}}. The file should contain a list of possible hotkeys, each unchanged line commented out with a leading ";" that has to be removed for a change to become active.<br />
<br />
=== Panels do not respond to right-click in fallback mode ===<br />
<br />
Check Configuration Editor: /apps/metacity/general/mouse_button_modifier. This modifier key (<Alt>, <Super>, etc) used for normal windows is also used by panels and their applets.<br />
<br />
=== "Show Desktop" keyboard shortcut does not work ===<br />
<br />
GNOME developers treated the corresponding binding as bug (see https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=643609) due to Minimization being deprecated. To show the desktop again assign ALT+STRG+D to the following setting:<br />
<br />
System Settings --> Keyboard --> Shortcuts --> Windows --> Hide all normal windows<br />
<br />
=== Nautilus does not start ===<br />
<br />
# Press {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}}<br />
# Enter {{codeline|gnome-tweak-tool}}<br />
# Select the ''File Manager'' tab.<br />
# Locate option ''Have file manager handle the desktop'' and assure it is toggled '''off'''.<br />
<br />
=== Epiphany does not play flash videos ===<br />
<br />
Epiphany now uses gtk3, but Adobe's Flash Player still relies on gtk2. See [[Epiphany#Flash]] for a workaround involving nspluginwrapper. <br />
<br />
=== Unable to apply stored configuration for monitors ===<br />
<br />
If you encounter this message try to disable the xrandr gnome-settings-daemon plugin :<br />
<br />
$ dconf write /org/gnome/settings-daemon/plugins/xrandr/active false<br />
<br />
=== Lock button fails to re-enable touchpad ===<br />
<br />
Some laptops have a touchpad lock button that disables the touchpad so that users can type without worrying about touching the touchpad. It appears currently that although GNOME can lock the touchpad by pressing this button, it can't unlock it. If the touchpad gets locked you can do the following to unlock it.<br />
# Start a terminal. You can do this by pressing {{keypress|ALT}}+{{keypress|F2}} , then typing {{codeline|gnome-terminal}} and then pressing {{keypress|ENTER}}<br />
# Type in the following command<br />
$ xinput set-prop "SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad" "Device Enabled" 1<br />
<br />
=== Ctrl+V pastes path instead of file in Nautilus ===<br />
<br />
If you are affected by this issue, edit {{filename|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus}} where you can find two lines for Ctrl+V :<br />
{{file|~/.gnome2/accels/nautilus|content=<nowiki><br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/DirViewActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
...<br />
(gtk_accel_path "<Actions>/ClipboardActions/Paste" "<Control>v")<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
The issue appears to stem from the second entry. Deleting that line may fix the issue temporarily. You might have to reapply this fix after an update.<br />
<br />
An alternative is to assign a different key combination to one of the actions.<br />
<br />
=== Unable to connect to secured wi-fi network ===<br />
<br />
You see the network connections listing, but choosing an encrypted network fails to show a dialog for key entry. You may need to install network-manager-applet. See [[NetworkManager#GNOME|GNOME NetworkManager setup]].<br />
<br />
=== "Any command has been defined 33" ===<br />
<br />
When you press print screen key to take screenshot and you got "Any command has been defined 33", install metacity:<br />
<br />
# pacman -S metacity<br />
<br />
=== GDM and Gnome use X11 cursors ===<br />
<br />
To fix this issue, you will have to copy paste these lines as root in a terminal:<br />
<br />
$ mkdir /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ cd /usr/share/icons/default<br />
$ echo "[Icon Theme]" >> index.theme<br />
$ echo "Inherits=Adwaita" >> index.theme<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can install {{Package AUR|gnome-cursors-fix}} from [[AUR]].<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.gnome.org/ The Official Website]<br />
* Themes, icons, and backgrounds:<br />
** [http://art.gnome.org/ Gnome Art]<br />
** [http://www.gnome-look.org/ Gnome Look]<br />
* GTK/GNOME programs:<br />
** [http://www.gnomefiles.org/ Gnome Files]<br />
** [http://www.gnome.org/projects/ Gnome Project Listing]</div>Jhrdka