https://wiki.archlinux.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Macleod2486&feedformat=atomArchWiki - User contributions [en]2024-03-29T12:28:02ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.41.0https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=IOS&diff=488551IOS2017-09-04T07:12:34Z<p>Macleod2486: Detailed a dependency for device recognition</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Lowercase title}}<br />
[[Category:Mobile devices]]<br />
[[fr:iPod]]<br />
[[ja:iPod]]<br />
[[zh-hans:IPod]]<br />
{{Related articles start}}<br />
{{Related|Audiobook}}<br />
{{Related|iPhone tethering}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
{{Style|Numerous style issues, see [[Help:Style]]}}<br />
The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the use of an '''iPad''', '''iPod''' or '''iPhone''' with Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
== Connecting to a device ==<br />
Applications which use GVFS, such as some file managers (GNOME Files, Thunar) or media players (Rhythmbox) can interact with iOS devices after [[install]]ing the {{pkg|gvfs-afc}} package. Restarting the file manager or application might be needed. Also confirm that usbmuxd is running in the background if the device is still not being recognized by the file manager or application.<br />
<br />
== Changing iPod mountpoint ==<br />
<br />
Traditional iPods are accessed just like a normal USB storage device containing a vfat file system (in rare cases {{ic|hfsplus}}), and can be [[USB storage devices|accessed as such]]. See the [[USB storage devices]] article for detailed instructions.<br />
<br />
If udisks2 is running, it will mount an attached iPod to {{ic|/run/media/''$USER''/''iPod_name''}}.<br />
<br />
If the volume label of your iPod is long, or contains a mixture of spaces, and/or lower-case and capital letters, it may present an inconvenience. You may easily change the volume label for more expedient access using {{ic|dosfslabel}} from the {{pkg|dosfstools}} package:<br />
<br />
* Get and confirm the current volume label:<br />
# dosfslabel /dev/sd''XY''<br />
* Set the new volume label:<br />
# dosfslabel /dev/sd''XY'' ArchPod<br />
* Unmount the device:<br />
$ udisksctl unmount -b /dev/sd''XY''<br />
* Mount it again:<br />
$ udisksctl mount -b /dev/sd''XY''<br />
where {{ic|/dev/sdxx}} is the current device node of your iPod.<br />
<br />
== Importing videos and pictures ==<br />
<br />
Both videos and photos can be found in typically in {{ic|''&lt;mountpoint&gt;''/DCIM/100APPLE}}.<br />
<br />
=== HTML5 videos ===<br />
<br />
Typically you want to convert MOV files to a HTML5 video format like OGV using {{Pkg|ffmpeg2theora}}. Note that the creation date metadata is not in the converted video, so you need to use a script like:<br />
<br />
{{bc|<nowiki><br />
#!/usr/bin/sh<br />
<br />
find -name "*.MOV" | while read mov<br />
do<br />
d=$(gst-discoverer-1.0 -v $mov | awk '/datetime:/{print $2}' | tr -d \")<br />
base=${mov%.*}<br />
if test -f $base.ogv<br />
then<br />
touch -d${d} $base.ogv<br />
ls -l $base.ogv<br />
else<br />
echo $base.ogv missing<br />
fi<br />
done<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
And use {{ic|cp -a}} or {{ic|rsync -t}} in order to preserve the file's date & time.<br />
<br />
=== Importing pictures and deleting them ===<br />
<br />
You can move photos and videos out of {{ic|''&lt;mountpoint&gt;''/DCIM/100APPLE}}, however you need to trigger a rebuild of the "Camera Roll" database by deleting the old databases.<br />
<br />
# rm Photos* com.apple.photos.caches_metadata.plist<br />
<br />
== Converting video for devices ==<br />
<br />
=== Handbrake ===<br />
<br />
[http://handbrake.fr/ Handbrake] is a nifty tool with presets for a variety of iPod versions. CLI and GTK versions are available with the {{pkg|handbrake-cli}} and {{pkg|handbrake}} packages respectively.<br />
<br />
If you do decide to take the CLI way, a good guide is available at http://trac.handbrake.fr/wiki/CLIGuide.<br />
<br />
=== Avidemux ===<br />
[[Install]] the {{Pkg|avidemux-qt}} package.<br />
<br />
This can convert to mp4 files. If you enforce a hard max of bit rate @ 700ish and keep the video size to 720x480 or 320x240 than it works fine for video file exporting.<br />
<br />
=== Mencoder ===<br />
<br />
[[Install]] the {{pkg|mplayer}} package.<br />
<br />
Has ''extremely'' comprehensive configuration support, which will be able to spit out iPod-compatible video files. Check out {{ic|man mencoder}}; a lot of MPlayer opts will also affect encoding.<br />
<br />
A basic guide is also available at [[MEncoder]].<br />
<br />
An example command to encode iPhone/iPod Touch-compatible video:<br />
<br />
mencoder INPUT -o output.mp4 \<br />
-vf scale=480:-10,harddup \<br />
-oac faac -faacopts mpeg=4:object=2:raw:br=128 \<br />
-of lavf -lavfopts format=mp4 \<br />
-ovc x264 -x264encopts nocabac:level_idc=30:bframes=0<br />
<br />
=== FFmpeg ===<br />
<br />
[[Install]] the {{pkg|ffmpeg}} package.<br />
<br />
Another encoder with comprehensive configuration support. Example command to encode for 5G iPod:<br />
<br />
$ ffmpeg -vcodec xvid -b 300 -qmin 3 -qmax 5 -bufsize 4096 \<br />
-g 300 -acodec aac -ab 96 -i INPUT -s 320x240 \<br />
-aspect 4:3 output.mp4<br />
<br />
or iPod Touch/iPhone compatible video output:<br />
<br />
$ ffmpeg -f mp4 -vcodec mpeg4 -maxrate 1000 -b 700 -qmin 3 -qmax 5\<br />
-bufsize 4096 -g 300 -acodec aac -ab 192 -s 480×320 -aspect 4:3 -i INPUT output.mp4<br />
<br />
== Device specific ==<br />
<br />
=== iPhone/iPod Touch ===<br />
<br />
By default, neither the iPhone nor the iPod Touch present mass storage capability over USB, though there is a solution for accessing your files.<br />
<br />
The proposed solution is to use a FUSE file system called {{Pkg|ifuse}}, which allows you to mount your device through USB, as you normally would. After installing ifuse, for instance, you should see your iPhone appear in the left navigation of Gnome Files and other supporting file managers.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|You can also use other [[#iPod management apps]] to transfer pictures and music.}}<br />
<br />
Refer to this page:[https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PortableDevices/iPhone]<br />
<br />
==== The iFuse Way ====<br />
{{Note|If your device has a screen password, one must unlock the device to gain access through the USB interface.}}<br />
<br />
[[Install]] the {{Pkg|ifuse}} package.<br />
<br />
Now make sure that you have the fuse module loaded by doing {{ic|modprobe fuse}}, assuming that you do not have it in {{ic|/etc/modules-load.d/}} already.<br />
<br />
You can now mount your device. Make sure it is unlocked before you plug it in, or it will not be recognized.<br />
# ifuse <mountpoint><br />
The mountpoint field is where you want to have it mounted.<br />
<br />
And you are done! You should be able to point your syncing software of choice to the mount point and be able to transfer files.<br />
<br />
To unmount your device:<br />
# umount <mountpoint><br />
<br />
==== Generating HashInfo file ====<br />
If you have not previously synced your device using iTunes specifically, you will get error messages telling you that the HashInfo file is missing. This can be fixed by making an iTunes installation on MacOS or Windows create it (by plugging in the iPod there). Alternatively you can create this file yourself, instructions can be found on [http://ihash.marcansoft.com/ this website].<br />
<br />
==== Unobfuscating the Database ====<br />
<br />
Since firmware version 2.0, Apple has obfuscated the music database. If you are using recent firmware, the file {{ic|/System/Library/Lockdown/Checkpoint.xml}} can be modified to enable use of the older, non-obfuscated database. If that file doesn't exist then try to copy from {{ic| /System/Library/CoreServices/Checkpoint.xml}} to {{ic|/System/Library/Lockdown/Checkpoint.xml}} then replace:<br />
<key>DBVersion</key><br />
<integer>4</integer><br />
with:<br />
<key>DBVersion</key><br />
<integer>2</integer><br />
Then reboot your device.<br />
<br />
If syncing fails with "ERROR: Unsupported checksum type '0' in cbk file generation!", you may need to leave this at 4. libgpod seems to [http://gitorious.org/libgpod/libgpod/blobs/b9b83dc8b6c3d1f0c53ed32f05279ca838d54e02/src/itdb_sqlite.c#line2064 expect a hashed database.]<br />
<br />
=== iPod Classic/Nano (3rd generation) ===<br />
<br />
You need to set up the iPod to make libgpod able to find its Firewire ID. For this, you will need to get your FireWire ID manually<br />
<br />
1) Mount the iPod as a rw mount point. In the following example, I will use {{ic|/mnt/ipod}}.<br />
<br />
2 ) Find the serial number by typing<br />
<br />
# lsusb -v | grep -i Serial <br />
<br />
this should print a 16 character long string like 00A1234567891231 (it will have no colons or hyphens) <br />
<br />
3) Once you have that number, create or edit {{ic|/mnt/ipod/iPod_Control/Device/SysInfo}}. Add to that file the line below:<br />
<br />
FirewireGuid: 0xffffffffffffffff<br />
<br />
(replace ffffffffffffffff with the 16 digit string you obtained at the previous step and do not forget the leading 0x before the string)<br />
<br />
Your iPod can now be managed with Amarok or gtkpod.<br />
<br />
=== iPod Nano 5th generation ===<br />
<br />
Follow the instructions below in order to set up the FirewireID then go to following URL – http://ihash.marcansoft.com/ – and enter the serial number (the one used in the previous step) on the website. It will generate a file (named ''HashInfo'') which you will place under the iPod_Control/Device/ directory. Unplug the iPod device and plug it back.<br />
<br />
All credits go to https://wired-news.blogspot.it/2012/09/ipod-nano-5g-synchronization-issues-in.html<br />
<br />
{{Note|I tried to follow the above 3rd generation instructions but they were not enough. I don't know if this further step is needed also for the above mentioned iPod.}}<br />
<br />
=== iPod Shuffle 1st and 2nd generation ===<br />
<br />
Due to the simple structure of the Shuffle (compared to the "big" iPods), it is possible to use the player almost like any other USB flash MP3 player. What is necessary is [http://sourceforge.net/projects/shuffle-db/files/latest/download rebuild_db.py] file stored in the iPod's root directory. Simply copy MP3 files onto the iPod Shuffle (sub-folders are allowed too) and run:<br />
<br />
$ python2 /path/to/rebuild_db.py<br />
<br />
[http://shuffle-db.sourceforge.net/ Source]<br />
<br />
=== iPod Shuffle 4th generation ===<br />
In order to use this version of the iPod Shuffle under linux, you can use the python based command line tool {{AUR|ipod-shuffle-4g}}. It also provides advanced voiceover and (auto)playlist generation support.<br />
<br />
== iPod management apps ==<br />
*[http://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Rhythmbox Rhythmbox]<br />
**GTK interface ([[GNOME]])<br />
**Is part of the official GNOME projects.<br />
**Fast, light interface.<br />
**Manage music on your computer and iPod<br />
**Download or stream podcasts and video podcasts<br />
**Queue up songs and podcasts<br />
**Last.fm integration<br />
**Live radio stations<br />
**Jamendo and Magnatune support<br />
**Audio CD burning<br />
**Album cover display<br />
**Song lyrics display<br />
**DAAP sharing<br />
<br />
*[http://banshee.fm Banshee]<br />
**GTK interface (GNOME)<br />
**Uses Mono so it is slower and more resource hogging than rhythmbox<br />
**Device Sync: Sync your music and videos to your Android, iPod, or other device - or import its media<br />
**Podcasts: Download or stream podcasts and video podcasts<br />
**Play Queue: Queue up songs, videos, and podcasts, or let the Auto DJ take over<br />
**Shuffle Modes: Shuffle (or Auto DJ) by artist, album, rating, or even songs' acoustic similarity<br />
**Album Art: Artwork is automatically fetched as you listen<br />
**Powerful Search, Smart Playlists: Find exactly what you want, fast<br />
**Video Support: All the power of Banshee, now for your videos<br />
<br />
*[http://www.yamipod.com Yamipod]<br />
**GTK interface (GNOME)<br />
**super lightweight application for managing ONLY music on your iPod (not on your computer)<br />
**easy ratings edit<br />
**PC to iPod synchronization<br />
**News RSS and podcasts to iPod upload<br />
**Last.fm support <br />
**playlist support<br />
<br />
*[http://www.gtkpod.org/libgpod/]<br />
**GTK interface (GNOME)<br />
**Read your existing iTunesDB (i.e. import the existing contents of your iPod including play counts, ratings and on-the-go playlists).<br />
**Add MP3, WAV, M4A (non-protected AAC), M4B (audio book), podcasts, and various video files (single files, directories or existing playlists) to the **iPod. You need a third party product to download podcasts, like 'bashpodder' or 'gpodder'<br />
**View, add and modify Cover Art<br />
**Browse the contents of your local hard disk by album/artist/genre by adding all your songs to the 'local' database. From there the tracks can be **dragged over to the iPod/Shuffle easily.<br />
**Create and modify playlists, including smart playlists.<br />
**You can choose the charset the ID3 tags are encoded in from within gtkpod. The default is the charset currently used by your locale setting.<br />
**Extract tag information (artist, album, title...) from the filename if you supply a template.<br />
**Detect duplicates when adding songs (optional).<br />
**Remove and export tracks from your iPod.<br />
**Modify ID3 tags -- changes are also updated in the original file (optional).<br />
**Refresh ID3 tags from file (if you have changed the tags in the original file).<br />
**Sync directories.<br />
**Normalize the volume of your tracks (uses mp3gain or the replay-gain tag)<br />
**Write the updated iTunesDB and added songs to your iPod.<br />
**Work offline and synchronize your new playlists / songs with the iPod at a later time.<br />
**Export your korganizer/kaddressbook/Thunderbird/evocalendar/evolution/webcalendar... data to the iPod (scripts for other programs can be added).<br />
<br />
*[http://www.floola.com Floola]<br />
**GTK interface (GNOME)<br />
<br />
*[http://amarok.kde.org/ Amarok]<br />
**KDE/qt interface<br />
<br />
*[http://qpod.sourceforge.net qPod]<br />
**KDE/qt interface<br />
**front-end for GNUpod<br />
<br />
*[http://www.gnu.org/software/gnupod/ GNUpod]<br />
**command-line only<br />
<br />
*[http://www.jakpod.de/ jakpod]<br />
** JakPod is based on Java and allows you to copy music and video files to your iPod.<br />
** iPod Nano 6th support<br />
** {{AUR|jakpod}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
* [http://help.ubuntu.com/community/PortableDevices/iPhone More information about iPhone/iPod Touch support]<br />
* [http://wiki.gotux.net/code/perl/atget Apple trailers downloader script]</div>Macleod2486https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=IOS&diff=488550IOS2017-09-04T07:06:15Z<p>Macleod2486: Further elaborated editing details</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Lowercase title}}<br />
[[Category:Mobile devices]]<br />
[[fr:iPod]]<br />
[[ja:iPod]]<br />
[[zh-hans:IPod]]<br />
{{Related articles start}}<br />
{{Related|Audiobook}}<br />
{{Related|iPhone tethering}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
{{Style|Numerous style issues, see [[Help:Style]]}}<br />
The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the use of an '''iPad''', '''iPod''' or '''iPhone''' with Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
== Connecting to a device ==<br />
Applications which use GVFS, such as some file managers (GNOME Files, Thunar) or media players (Rhythmbox) can interact with iOS devices after [[install]]ing the {{pkg|gvfs-afc}} package. Restarting the file manager or application might be needed.<br />
<br />
== Changing iPod mountpoint ==<br />
<br />
Traditional iPods are accessed just like a normal USB storage device containing a vfat file system (in rare cases {{ic|hfsplus}}), and can be [[USB storage devices|accessed as such]]. See the [[USB storage devices]] article for detailed instructions.<br />
<br />
If udisks2 is running, it will mount an attached iPod to {{ic|/run/media/''$USER''/''iPod_name''}}.<br />
<br />
If the volume label of your iPod is long, or contains a mixture of spaces, and/or lower-case and capital letters, it may present an inconvenience. You may easily change the volume label for more expedient access using {{ic|dosfslabel}} from the {{pkg|dosfstools}} package:<br />
<br />
* Get and confirm the current volume label:<br />
# dosfslabel /dev/sd''XY''<br />
* Set the new volume label:<br />
# dosfslabel /dev/sd''XY'' ArchPod<br />
* Unmount the device:<br />
$ udisksctl unmount -b /dev/sd''XY''<br />
* Mount it again:<br />
$ udisksctl mount -b /dev/sd''XY''<br />
where {{ic|/dev/sdxx}} is the current device node of your iPod.<br />
<br />
== Importing videos and pictures ==<br />
<br />
Both videos and photos can be found in typically in {{ic|''&lt;mountpoint&gt;''/DCIM/100APPLE}}.<br />
<br />
=== HTML5 videos ===<br />
<br />
Typically you want to convert MOV files to a HTML5 video format like OGV using {{Pkg|ffmpeg2theora}}. Note that the creation date metadata is not in the converted video, so you need to use a script like:<br />
<br />
{{bc|<nowiki><br />
#!/usr/bin/sh<br />
<br />
find -name "*.MOV" | while read mov<br />
do<br />
d=$(gst-discoverer-1.0 -v $mov | awk '/datetime:/{print $2}' | tr -d \")<br />
base=${mov%.*}<br />
if test -f $base.ogv<br />
then<br />
touch -d${d} $base.ogv<br />
ls -l $base.ogv<br />
else<br />
echo $base.ogv missing<br />
fi<br />
done<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
And use {{ic|cp -a}} or {{ic|rsync -t}} in order to preserve the file's date & time.<br />
<br />
=== Importing pictures and deleting them ===<br />
<br />
You can move photos and videos out of {{ic|''&lt;mountpoint&gt;''/DCIM/100APPLE}}, however you need to trigger a rebuild of the "Camera Roll" database by deleting the old databases.<br />
<br />
# rm Photos* com.apple.photos.caches_metadata.plist<br />
<br />
== Converting video for devices ==<br />
<br />
=== Handbrake ===<br />
<br />
[http://handbrake.fr/ Handbrake] is a nifty tool with presets for a variety of iPod versions. CLI and GTK versions are available with the {{pkg|handbrake-cli}} and {{pkg|handbrake}} packages respectively.<br />
<br />
If you do decide to take the CLI way, a good guide is available at http://trac.handbrake.fr/wiki/CLIGuide.<br />
<br />
=== Avidemux ===<br />
[[Install]] the {{Pkg|avidemux-qt}} package.<br />
<br />
This can convert to mp4 files. If you enforce a hard max of bit rate @ 700ish and keep the video size to 720x480 or 320x240 than it works fine for video file exporting.<br />
<br />
=== Mencoder ===<br />
<br />
[[Install]] the {{pkg|mplayer}} package.<br />
<br />
Has ''extremely'' comprehensive configuration support, which will be able to spit out iPod-compatible video files. Check out {{ic|man mencoder}}; a lot of MPlayer opts will also affect encoding.<br />
<br />
A basic guide is also available at [[MEncoder]].<br />
<br />
An example command to encode iPhone/iPod Touch-compatible video:<br />
<br />
mencoder INPUT -o output.mp4 \<br />
-vf scale=480:-10,harddup \<br />
-oac faac -faacopts mpeg=4:object=2:raw:br=128 \<br />
-of lavf -lavfopts format=mp4 \<br />
-ovc x264 -x264encopts nocabac:level_idc=30:bframes=0<br />
<br />
=== FFmpeg ===<br />
<br />
[[Install]] the {{pkg|ffmpeg}} package.<br />
<br />
Another encoder with comprehensive configuration support. Example command to encode for 5G iPod:<br />
<br />
$ ffmpeg -vcodec xvid -b 300 -qmin 3 -qmax 5 -bufsize 4096 \<br />
-g 300 -acodec aac -ab 96 -i INPUT -s 320x240 \<br />
-aspect 4:3 output.mp4<br />
<br />
or iPod Touch/iPhone compatible video output:<br />
<br />
$ ffmpeg -f mp4 -vcodec mpeg4 -maxrate 1000 -b 700 -qmin 3 -qmax 5\<br />
-bufsize 4096 -g 300 -acodec aac -ab 192 -s 480×320 -aspect 4:3 -i INPUT output.mp4<br />
<br />
== Device specific ==<br />
<br />
=== iPhone/iPod Touch ===<br />
<br />
By default, neither the iPhone nor the iPod Touch present mass storage capability over USB, though there is a solution for accessing your files.<br />
<br />
The proposed solution is to use a FUSE file system called {{Pkg|ifuse}}, which allows you to mount your device through USB, as you normally would. After installing ifuse, for instance, you should see your iPhone appear in the left navigation of Gnome Files and other supporting file managers.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|You can also use other [[#iPod management apps]] to transfer pictures and music.}}<br />
<br />
Refer to this page:[https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PortableDevices/iPhone]<br />
<br />
==== The iFuse Way ====<br />
{{Note|If your device has a screen password, one must unlock the device to gain access through the USB interface.}}<br />
<br />
[[Install]] the {{Pkg|ifuse}} package.<br />
<br />
Now make sure that you have the fuse module loaded by doing {{ic|modprobe fuse}}, assuming that you do not have it in {{ic|/etc/modules-load.d/}} already.<br />
<br />
You can now mount your device. Make sure it is unlocked before you plug it in, or it will not be recognized.<br />
# ifuse <mountpoint><br />
The mountpoint field is where you want to have it mounted.<br />
<br />
And you are done! You should be able to point your syncing software of choice to the mount point and be able to transfer files.<br />
<br />
To unmount your device:<br />
# umount <mountpoint><br />
<br />
==== Generating HashInfo file ====<br />
If you have not previously synced your device using iTunes specifically, you will get error messages telling you that the HashInfo file is missing. This can be fixed by making an iTunes installation on MacOS or Windows create it (by plugging in the iPod there). Alternatively you can create this file yourself, instructions can be found on [http://ihash.marcansoft.com/ this website].<br />
<br />
==== Unobfuscating the Database ====<br />
<br />
Since firmware version 2.0, Apple has obfuscated the music database. If you are using recent firmware, the file {{ic|/System/Library/Lockdown/Checkpoint.xml}} can be modified to enable use of the older, non-obfuscated database. If that file doesn't exist then try to copy from {{ic| /System/Library/CoreServices/Checkpoint.xml}} to {{ic|/System/Library/Lockdown/Checkpoint.xml}} then replace:<br />
<key>DBVersion</key><br />
<integer>4</integer><br />
with:<br />
<key>DBVersion</key><br />
<integer>2</integer><br />
Then reboot your device.<br />
<br />
If syncing fails with "ERROR: Unsupported checksum type '0' in cbk file generation!", you may need to leave this at 4. libgpod seems to [http://gitorious.org/libgpod/libgpod/blobs/b9b83dc8b6c3d1f0c53ed32f05279ca838d54e02/src/itdb_sqlite.c#line2064 expect a hashed database.]<br />
<br />
=== iPod Classic/Nano (3rd generation) ===<br />
<br />
You need to set up the iPod to make libgpod able to find its Firewire ID. For this, you will need to get your FireWire ID manually<br />
<br />
1) Mount the iPod as a rw mount point. In the following example, I will use {{ic|/mnt/ipod}}.<br />
<br />
2 ) Find the serial number by typing<br />
<br />
# lsusb -v | grep -i Serial <br />
<br />
this should print a 16 character long string like 00A1234567891231 (it will have no colons or hyphens) <br />
<br />
3) Once you have that number, create or edit {{ic|/mnt/ipod/iPod_Control/Device/SysInfo}}. Add to that file the line below:<br />
<br />
FirewireGuid: 0xffffffffffffffff<br />
<br />
(replace ffffffffffffffff with the 16 digit string you obtained at the previous step and do not forget the leading 0x before the string)<br />
<br />
Your iPod can now be managed with Amarok or gtkpod.<br />
<br />
=== iPod Nano 5th generation ===<br />
<br />
Follow the instructions below in order to set up the FirewireID then go to following URL – http://ihash.marcansoft.com/ – and enter the serial number (the one used in the previous step) on the website. It will generate a file (named ''HashInfo'') which you will place under the iPod_Control/Device/ directory. Unplug the iPod device and plug it back.<br />
<br />
All credits go to https://wired-news.blogspot.it/2012/09/ipod-nano-5g-synchronization-issues-in.html<br />
<br />
{{Note|I tried to follow the above 3rd generation instructions but they were not enough. I don't know if this further step is needed also for the above mentioned iPod.}}<br />
<br />
=== iPod Shuffle 1st and 2nd generation ===<br />
<br />
Due to the simple structure of the Shuffle (compared to the "big" iPods), it is possible to use the player almost like any other USB flash MP3 player. What is necessary is [http://sourceforge.net/projects/shuffle-db/files/latest/download rebuild_db.py] file stored in the iPod's root directory. Simply copy MP3 files onto the iPod Shuffle (sub-folders are allowed too) and run:<br />
<br />
$ python2 /path/to/rebuild_db.py<br />
<br />
[http://shuffle-db.sourceforge.net/ Source]<br />
<br />
=== iPod Shuffle 4th generation ===<br />
In order to use this version of the iPod Shuffle under linux, you can use the python based command line tool {{AUR|ipod-shuffle-4g}}. It also provides advanced voiceover and (auto)playlist generation support.<br />
<br />
== iPod management apps ==<br />
*[http://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Rhythmbox Rhythmbox]<br />
**GTK interface ([[GNOME]])<br />
**Is part of the official GNOME projects.<br />
**Fast, light interface.<br />
**Manage music on your computer and iPod<br />
**Download or stream podcasts and video podcasts<br />
**Queue up songs and podcasts<br />
**Last.fm integration<br />
**Live radio stations<br />
**Jamendo and Magnatune support<br />
**Audio CD burning<br />
**Album cover display<br />
**Song lyrics display<br />
**DAAP sharing<br />
<br />
*[http://banshee.fm Banshee]<br />
**GTK interface (GNOME)<br />
**Uses Mono so it is slower and more resource hogging than rhythmbox<br />
**Device Sync: Sync your music and videos to your Android, iPod, or other device - or import its media<br />
**Podcasts: Download or stream podcasts and video podcasts<br />
**Play Queue: Queue up songs, videos, and podcasts, or let the Auto DJ take over<br />
**Shuffle Modes: Shuffle (or Auto DJ) by artist, album, rating, or even songs' acoustic similarity<br />
**Album Art: Artwork is automatically fetched as you listen<br />
**Powerful Search, Smart Playlists: Find exactly what you want, fast<br />
**Video Support: All the power of Banshee, now for your videos<br />
<br />
*[http://www.yamipod.com Yamipod]<br />
**GTK interface (GNOME)<br />
**super lightweight application for managing ONLY music on your iPod (not on your computer)<br />
**easy ratings edit<br />
**PC to iPod synchronization<br />
**News RSS and podcasts to iPod upload<br />
**Last.fm support <br />
**playlist support<br />
<br />
*[http://www.gtkpod.org/libgpod/]<br />
**GTK interface (GNOME)<br />
**Read your existing iTunesDB (i.e. import the existing contents of your iPod including play counts, ratings and on-the-go playlists).<br />
**Add MP3, WAV, M4A (non-protected AAC), M4B (audio book), podcasts, and various video files (single files, directories or existing playlists) to the **iPod. You need a third party product to download podcasts, like 'bashpodder' or 'gpodder'<br />
**View, add and modify Cover Art<br />
**Browse the contents of your local hard disk by album/artist/genre by adding all your songs to the 'local' database. From there the tracks can be **dragged over to the iPod/Shuffle easily.<br />
**Create and modify playlists, including smart playlists.<br />
**You can choose the charset the ID3 tags are encoded in from within gtkpod. The default is the charset currently used by your locale setting.<br />
**Extract tag information (artist, album, title...) from the filename if you supply a template.<br />
**Detect duplicates when adding songs (optional).<br />
**Remove and export tracks from your iPod.<br />
**Modify ID3 tags -- changes are also updated in the original file (optional).<br />
**Refresh ID3 tags from file (if you have changed the tags in the original file).<br />
**Sync directories.<br />
**Normalize the volume of your tracks (uses mp3gain or the replay-gain tag)<br />
**Write the updated iTunesDB and added songs to your iPod.<br />
**Work offline and synchronize your new playlists / songs with the iPod at a later time.<br />
**Export your korganizer/kaddressbook/Thunderbird/evocalendar/evolution/webcalendar... data to the iPod (scripts for other programs can be added).<br />
<br />
*[http://www.floola.com Floola]<br />
**GTK interface (GNOME)<br />
<br />
*[http://amarok.kde.org/ Amarok]<br />
**KDE/qt interface<br />
<br />
*[http://qpod.sourceforge.net qPod]<br />
**KDE/qt interface<br />
**front-end for GNUpod<br />
<br />
*[http://www.gnu.org/software/gnupod/ GNUpod]<br />
**command-line only<br />
<br />
*[http://www.jakpod.de/ jakpod]<br />
** JakPod is based on Java and allows you to copy music and video files to your iPod.<br />
** iPod Nano 6th support<br />
** {{AUR|jakpod}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
* [http://help.ubuntu.com/community/PortableDevices/iPhone More information about iPhone/iPod Touch support]<br />
* [http://wiki.gotux.net/code/perl/atget Apple trailers downloader script]</div>Macleod2486https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=IOS&diff=488549IOS2017-09-04T07:04:46Z<p>Macleod2486: Added additional information for a missing file</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Lowercase title}}<br />
[[Category:Mobile devices]]<br />
[[fr:iPod]]<br />
[[ja:iPod]]<br />
[[zh-hans:IPod]]<br />
{{Related articles start}}<br />
{{Related|Audiobook}}<br />
{{Related|iPhone tethering}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
{{Style|Numerous style issues, see [[Help:Style]]}}<br />
The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the use of an '''iPad''', '''iPod''' or '''iPhone''' with Arch Linux.<br />
<br />
== Connecting to a device ==<br />
Applications which use GVFS, such as some file managers (GNOME Files, Thunar) or media players (Rhythmbox) can interact with iOS devices after [[install]]ing the {{pkg|gvfs-afc}} package. Restarting the file manager or application might be needed.<br />
<br />
== Changing iPod mountpoint ==<br />
<br />
Traditional iPods are accessed just like a normal USB storage device containing a vfat file system (in rare cases {{ic|hfsplus}}), and can be [[USB storage devices|accessed as such]]. See the [[USB storage devices]] article for detailed instructions.<br />
<br />
If udisks2 is running, it will mount an attached iPod to {{ic|/run/media/''$USER''/''iPod_name''}}.<br />
<br />
If the volume label of your iPod is long, or contains a mixture of spaces, and/or lower-case and capital letters, it may present an inconvenience. You may easily change the volume label for more expedient access using {{ic|dosfslabel}} from the {{pkg|dosfstools}} package:<br />
<br />
* Get and confirm the current volume label:<br />
# dosfslabel /dev/sd''XY''<br />
* Set the new volume label:<br />
# dosfslabel /dev/sd''XY'' ArchPod<br />
* Unmount the device:<br />
$ udisksctl unmount -b /dev/sd''XY''<br />
* Mount it again:<br />
$ udisksctl mount -b /dev/sd''XY''<br />
where {{ic|/dev/sdxx}} is the current device node of your iPod.<br />
<br />
== Importing videos and pictures ==<br />
<br />
Both videos and photos can be found in typically in {{ic|''&lt;mountpoint&gt;''/DCIM/100APPLE}}.<br />
<br />
=== HTML5 videos ===<br />
<br />
Typically you want to convert MOV files to a HTML5 video format like OGV using {{Pkg|ffmpeg2theora}}. Note that the creation date metadata is not in the converted video, so you need to use a script like:<br />
<br />
{{bc|<nowiki><br />
#!/usr/bin/sh<br />
<br />
find -name "*.MOV" | while read mov<br />
do<br />
d=$(gst-discoverer-1.0 -v $mov | awk '/datetime:/{print $2}' | tr -d \")<br />
base=${mov%.*}<br />
if test -f $base.ogv<br />
then<br />
touch -d${d} $base.ogv<br />
ls -l $base.ogv<br />
else<br />
echo $base.ogv missing<br />
fi<br />
done<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
And use {{ic|cp -a}} or {{ic|rsync -t}} in order to preserve the file's date & time.<br />
<br />
=== Importing pictures and deleting them ===<br />
<br />
You can move photos and videos out of {{ic|''&lt;mountpoint&gt;''/DCIM/100APPLE}}, however you need to trigger a rebuild of the "Camera Roll" database by deleting the old databases.<br />
<br />
# rm Photos* com.apple.photos.caches_metadata.plist<br />
<br />
== Converting video for devices ==<br />
<br />
=== Handbrake ===<br />
<br />
[http://handbrake.fr/ Handbrake] is a nifty tool with presets for a variety of iPod versions. CLI and GTK versions are available with the {{pkg|handbrake-cli}} and {{pkg|handbrake}} packages respectively.<br />
<br />
If you do decide to take the CLI way, a good guide is available at http://trac.handbrake.fr/wiki/CLIGuide.<br />
<br />
=== Avidemux ===<br />
[[Install]] the {{Pkg|avidemux-qt}} package.<br />
<br />
This can convert to mp4 files. If you enforce a hard max of bit rate @ 700ish and keep the video size to 720x480 or 320x240 than it works fine for video file exporting.<br />
<br />
=== Mencoder ===<br />
<br />
[[Install]] the {{pkg|mplayer}} package.<br />
<br />
Has ''extremely'' comprehensive configuration support, which will be able to spit out iPod-compatible video files. Check out {{ic|man mencoder}}; a lot of MPlayer opts will also affect encoding.<br />
<br />
A basic guide is also available at [[MEncoder]].<br />
<br />
An example command to encode iPhone/iPod Touch-compatible video:<br />
<br />
mencoder INPUT -o output.mp4 \<br />
-vf scale=480:-10,harddup \<br />
-oac faac -faacopts mpeg=4:object=2:raw:br=128 \<br />
-of lavf -lavfopts format=mp4 \<br />
-ovc x264 -x264encopts nocabac:level_idc=30:bframes=0<br />
<br />
=== FFmpeg ===<br />
<br />
[[Install]] the {{pkg|ffmpeg}} package.<br />
<br />
Another encoder with comprehensive configuration support. Example command to encode for 5G iPod:<br />
<br />
$ ffmpeg -vcodec xvid -b 300 -qmin 3 -qmax 5 -bufsize 4096 \<br />
-g 300 -acodec aac -ab 96 -i INPUT -s 320x240 \<br />
-aspect 4:3 output.mp4<br />
<br />
or iPod Touch/iPhone compatible video output:<br />
<br />
$ ffmpeg -f mp4 -vcodec mpeg4 -maxrate 1000 -b 700 -qmin 3 -qmax 5\<br />
-bufsize 4096 -g 300 -acodec aac -ab 192 -s 480×320 -aspect 4:3 -i INPUT output.mp4<br />
<br />
== Device specific ==<br />
<br />
=== iPhone/iPod Touch ===<br />
<br />
By default, neither the iPhone nor the iPod Touch present mass storage capability over USB, though there is a solution for accessing your files.<br />
<br />
The proposed solution is to use a FUSE file system called {{Pkg|ifuse}}, which allows you to mount your device through USB, as you normally would. After installing ifuse, for instance, you should see your iPhone appear in the left navigation of Gnome Files and other supporting file managers.<br />
<br />
{{Tip|You can also use other [[#iPod management apps]] to transfer pictures and music.}}<br />
<br />
Refer to this page:[https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PortableDevices/iPhone]<br />
<br />
==== The iFuse Way ====<br />
{{Note|If your device has a screen password, one must unlock the device to gain access through the USB interface.}}<br />
<br />
[[Install]] the {{Pkg|ifuse}} package.<br />
<br />
Now make sure that you have the fuse module loaded by doing {{ic|modprobe fuse}}, assuming that you do not have it in {{ic|/etc/modules-load.d/}} already.<br />
<br />
You can now mount your device. Make sure it is unlocked before you plug it in, or it will not be recognized.<br />
# ifuse <mountpoint><br />
The mountpoint field is where you want to have it mounted.<br />
<br />
And you are done! You should be able to point your syncing software of choice to the mount point and be able to transfer files.<br />
<br />
To unmount your device:<br />
# umount <mountpoint><br />
<br />
==== Generating HashInfo file ====<br />
If you have not previously synced your device using iTunes specifically, you will get error messages telling you that the HashInfo file is missing. This can be fixed by making an iTunes installation on MacOS or Windows create it (by plugging in the iPod there). Alternatively you can create this file yourself, instructions can be found on [http://ihash.marcansoft.com/ this website].<br />
<br />
==== Unobfuscating the Database ====<br />
<br />
Since firmware version 2.0, Apple has obfuscated the music database. If you are using recent firmware, the file {{ic|/System/Library/Lockdown/Checkpoint.xml}} can be modified to enable use of the older, non-obfuscated database. If that file doesn't exist then try to copy from {{ic| /System/Library/CoreServices/}} Replace:<br />
<key>DBVersion</key><br />
<integer>4</integer><br />
with:<br />
<key>DBVersion</key><br />
<integer>2</integer><br />
Then reboot your device.<br />
<br />
If syncing fails with "ERROR: Unsupported checksum type '0' in cbk file generation!", you may need to leave this at 4. libgpod seems to [http://gitorious.org/libgpod/libgpod/blobs/b9b83dc8b6c3d1f0c53ed32f05279ca838d54e02/src/itdb_sqlite.c#line2064 expect a hashed database.]<br />
<br />
=== iPod Classic/Nano (3rd generation) ===<br />
<br />
You need to set up the iPod to make libgpod able to find its Firewire ID. For this, you will need to get your FireWire ID manually<br />
<br />
1) Mount the iPod as a rw mount point. In the following example, I will use {{ic|/mnt/ipod}}.<br />
<br />
2 ) Find the serial number by typing<br />
<br />
# lsusb -v | grep -i Serial <br />
<br />
this should print a 16 character long string like 00A1234567891231 (it will have no colons or hyphens) <br />
<br />
3) Once you have that number, create or edit {{ic|/mnt/ipod/iPod_Control/Device/SysInfo}}. Add to that file the line below:<br />
<br />
FirewireGuid: 0xffffffffffffffff<br />
<br />
(replace ffffffffffffffff with the 16 digit string you obtained at the previous step and do not forget the leading 0x before the string)<br />
<br />
Your iPod can now be managed with Amarok or gtkpod.<br />
<br />
=== iPod Nano 5th generation ===<br />
<br />
Follow the instructions below in order to set up the FirewireID then go to following URL – http://ihash.marcansoft.com/ – and enter the serial number (the one used in the previous step) on the website. It will generate a file (named ''HashInfo'') which you will place under the iPod_Control/Device/ directory. Unplug the iPod device and plug it back.<br />
<br />
All credits go to https://wired-news.blogspot.it/2012/09/ipod-nano-5g-synchronization-issues-in.html<br />
<br />
{{Note|I tried to follow the above 3rd generation instructions but they were not enough. I don't know if this further step is needed also for the above mentioned iPod.}}<br />
<br />
=== iPod Shuffle 1st and 2nd generation ===<br />
<br />
Due to the simple structure of the Shuffle (compared to the "big" iPods), it is possible to use the player almost like any other USB flash MP3 player. What is necessary is [http://sourceforge.net/projects/shuffle-db/files/latest/download rebuild_db.py] file stored in the iPod's root directory. Simply copy MP3 files onto the iPod Shuffle (sub-folders are allowed too) and run:<br />
<br />
$ python2 /path/to/rebuild_db.py<br />
<br />
[http://shuffle-db.sourceforge.net/ Source]<br />
<br />
=== iPod Shuffle 4th generation ===<br />
In order to use this version of the iPod Shuffle under linux, you can use the python based command line tool {{AUR|ipod-shuffle-4g}}. It also provides advanced voiceover and (auto)playlist generation support.<br />
<br />
== iPod management apps ==<br />
*[http://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Rhythmbox Rhythmbox]<br />
**GTK interface ([[GNOME]])<br />
**Is part of the official GNOME projects.<br />
**Fast, light interface.<br />
**Manage music on your computer and iPod<br />
**Download or stream podcasts and video podcasts<br />
**Queue up songs and podcasts<br />
**Last.fm integration<br />
**Live radio stations<br />
**Jamendo and Magnatune support<br />
**Audio CD burning<br />
**Album cover display<br />
**Song lyrics display<br />
**DAAP sharing<br />
<br />
*[http://banshee.fm Banshee]<br />
**GTK interface (GNOME)<br />
**Uses Mono so it is slower and more resource hogging than rhythmbox<br />
**Device Sync: Sync your music and videos to your Android, iPod, or other device - or import its media<br />
**Podcasts: Download or stream podcasts and video podcasts<br />
**Play Queue: Queue up songs, videos, and podcasts, or let the Auto DJ take over<br />
**Shuffle Modes: Shuffle (or Auto DJ) by artist, album, rating, or even songs' acoustic similarity<br />
**Album Art: Artwork is automatically fetched as you listen<br />
**Powerful Search, Smart Playlists: Find exactly what you want, fast<br />
**Video Support: All the power of Banshee, now for your videos<br />
<br />
*[http://www.yamipod.com Yamipod]<br />
**GTK interface (GNOME)<br />
**super lightweight application for managing ONLY music on your iPod (not on your computer)<br />
**easy ratings edit<br />
**PC to iPod synchronization<br />
**News RSS and podcasts to iPod upload<br />
**Last.fm support <br />
**playlist support<br />
<br />
*[http://www.gtkpod.org/libgpod/]<br />
**GTK interface (GNOME)<br />
**Read your existing iTunesDB (i.e. import the existing contents of your iPod including play counts, ratings and on-the-go playlists).<br />
**Add MP3, WAV, M4A (non-protected AAC), M4B (audio book), podcasts, and various video files (single files, directories or existing playlists) to the **iPod. You need a third party product to download podcasts, like 'bashpodder' or 'gpodder'<br />
**View, add and modify Cover Art<br />
**Browse the contents of your local hard disk by album/artist/genre by adding all your songs to the 'local' database. From there the tracks can be **dragged over to the iPod/Shuffle easily.<br />
**Create and modify playlists, including smart playlists.<br />
**You can choose the charset the ID3 tags are encoded in from within gtkpod. The default is the charset currently used by your locale setting.<br />
**Extract tag information (artist, album, title...) from the filename if you supply a template.<br />
**Detect duplicates when adding songs (optional).<br />
**Remove and export tracks from your iPod.<br />
**Modify ID3 tags -- changes are also updated in the original file (optional).<br />
**Refresh ID3 tags from file (if you have changed the tags in the original file).<br />
**Sync directories.<br />
**Normalize the volume of your tracks (uses mp3gain or the replay-gain tag)<br />
**Write the updated iTunesDB and added songs to your iPod.<br />
**Work offline and synchronize your new playlists / songs with the iPod at a later time.<br />
**Export your korganizer/kaddressbook/Thunderbird/evocalendar/evolution/webcalendar... data to the iPod (scripts for other programs can be added).<br />
<br />
*[http://www.floola.com Floola]<br />
**GTK interface (GNOME)<br />
<br />
*[http://amarok.kde.org/ Amarok]<br />
**KDE/qt interface<br />
<br />
*[http://qpod.sourceforge.net qPod]<br />
**KDE/qt interface<br />
**front-end for GNUpod<br />
<br />
*[http://www.gnu.org/software/gnupod/ GNUpod]<br />
**command-line only<br />
<br />
*[http://www.jakpod.de/ jakpod]<br />
** JakPod is based on Java and allows you to copy music and video files to your iPod.<br />
** iPod Nano 6th support<br />
** {{AUR|jakpod}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
* [http://help.ubuntu.com/community/PortableDevices/iPhone More information about iPhone/iPod Touch support]<br />
* [http://wiki.gotux.net/code/perl/atget Apple trailers downloader script]</div>Macleod2486https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=KDE&diff=287434KDE2013-12-09T17:02:54Z<p>Macleod2486: /* Using Openbox in KDE */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:KDE]]<br />
[[cs:KDE]]<br />
[[de:KDE]]<br />
[[es:KDE]]<br />
[[fr:KDE]]<br />
[[it:KDE]]<br />
[[ja:KDE]]<br />
[[pl:KDE]]<br />
[[ru:KDE]]<br />
[[tr:KDE_Masaüstü_Ortamı]]<br />
[[zh-CN:KDE]]<br />
[[zh-TW:KDE]]<br />
{{Related articles start}}<br />
{{Related|Desktop Environment}}<br />
{{Related|Display Manager}}<br />
{{Related|Window Manager}}<br />
{{Related|Plasma}}<br />
{{Related|Qt}}<br />
{{Related|KDM}}<br />
{{Related|KDevelop 4}}<br />
{{Related|Uniform Look for Qt and GTK Applications}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
<br />
From [http://www.kde.org/community/whatiskde/softwarecompilation.php KDE Software Compilation] and [http://www.kde.org/download/ Getting KDE Software]:<br />
<br />
:''The KDE Software Compilation is the set of frameworks, workspaces, and applications produced by KDE to create a beautiful, functional and free desktop computing environment for Linux and similar operating systems. It consists of a large number of individual applications and a desktop workspace as a shell to run these applications. ''<br />
<br />
The KDE upstream has a well maintained [http://userbase.kde.org/ UserBase wiki]. Users can get detailed information about most KDE applications there.<br />
<br />
== Installation ==<br />
<br />
Before installing KDE, make sure you have a working [[Xorg]] installation on your system.<br />
<br />
KDE 4.x is ''modular''. You can install an entire set of packages or only install your preferred KDE applications.<br />
<br />
=== Full install ===<br />
<br />
[[pacman|Install]] {{Grp|kde}} or {{Grp|kde-meta}} available in the [[official repositories]]. For differences between {{Grp|kde}} and {{Grp|kde-meta}} see the [[KDE Packages]] article.<br />
<br />
=== Minimal install ===<br />
<br />
If you want to have a minimal installation of the KDE Software Compilation, install {{Grp|kdebase}}.<br />
<br />
=== Language pack ===<br />
<br />
If you need language files, install {{ic|kde-l10n-yourlanguagehere}} (e.g. {{Pkg|kde-l10n-de}} for the German language).<br />
<br />
For a full list of available languages see [https://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/kde-l10n/ this link].<br />
<br />
== Upgrading ==<br />
<br />
'''KDE 4.11''' Software Compilation is the current major [http://kde.org/announcements/ release of KDE]. Important hints for upgraders:<br />
* Always check if your mirror is '''up to date'''.<br />
* '''Do not force an update using {{ic|# pacman --force}}'''. If pacman complains about conflicts please '''file a bug report'''.<br />
* You can remove the meta packages and the sub packages you do not need after the update.<br />
* If you do not like split packages just keep using the kde-meta packages.<br />
<br />
== Starting KDE ==<br />
<br />
Starting KDE depends on your preferences. Basically there are two ways of starting KDE. Using '''KDM''' or '''xinitrc'''.<br />
<br />
=== Using a Display Manager ===<br />
A [[display manager]], or login manager, is typically a graphical user interface that is displayed at the end of the boot process in place of the default shell. It allows easily logging in straight to KDE. KDE has its own display manager, KDM.<br />
<br />
==== KDM (KDE Display Manager) ====<br />
<br />
''See the [[KDM]] page for more information.''<br />
<br />
[[systemd#Using units|Enable/start]] {{ic|kdm.service}} to start the display manager.<br />
<br />
=== Using xinitrc ===<br />
<br />
''See the [[xinitrc]] page for more information.''<br />
<br />
{{hc|~/.xinitrc|<br />
exec startkde<br />
}}<br />
<br />
Execute {{ic|startx}} or {{ic|xinit}} to start KDE.<br />
<br />
{{Note|If you want to start Xorg at boot, please read the [[Start X at Login]] article.}}<br />
<br />
== Configuration ==<br />
<br />
All KDE configuration is saved in the {{ic|~/.kde4}} folder. If KDE is giving you a lot of trouble or if you ever want a fresh installation of KDE, just backup and rename this folder and restart your X session. KDE will re-create it with all the default configuration files. If you want very fine-grained control over KDE programs, you may want to edit the files in this folder.<br />
<br />
However, configuring KDE is primarily done in '''System Settings'''. A few other options for the desktop are available in '''Default Desktop Settings''' in the desktop's context menu.<br />
<br />
For other personalization options not covered below such as activities, different wallpapers on one cube, etc., please refer to the [[Plasma]] wiki page.<br />
<br />
=== Personalization ===<br />
<br />
How to set up the KDE desktop to your personal style: use different Plasma themes, window decorations and icon themes.<br />
<br />
==== Plasma desktop ====<br />
<br />
[[Plasma]] is a desktop integration technology that provides many functions like displaying the wallpaper, adding widgets to the desktop, and handling the panel(s), or "taskbar(s)".<br />
<br />
===== Themes =====<br />
<br />
[http://kde-look.org/index.php?xcontentmode=76 Plasma themes] can be installed through the Desktop Settings control panel. Plasma themes define the look of panels and plasmoids. For easy system-wide installation, some such themes are available in both the official repositories and the [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?O=0&K=plasmatheme&do_Search=Go AUR].<br />
<br />
===== Widgets =====<br />
<br />
Plasmoids are little scripted (plasmoid scripts) or coded (plasmoid binaries) KDE applications designed to enhance the functionality of your desktop.<br />
<br />
Plasmoid binaries can be installed using PKGBUILDs from [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?O=0&K=plasmoid&do_Search=Go&PP=25&SO=d&SB=v AUR], or you can write your own PKGBUILD.<br />
<br />
The easiest way to install plasmoid scripts is by right-clicking onto a panel or the desktop:<br />
<br />
Add Widgets > Get new Widgets > Download Widgets<br />
<br />
This will present a nice frontend for [http://www.kde-look.org/ kde-look.org] that allows you to install, uninstall, or update third-party plasmoid scripts with literally just one click.<br />
<br />
Most plasmoids are not created officially by KDE developers. You can also try installing Mac OS X widgets, Microsoft Windows Vista/7 widgets, Google Widgets, and even SuperKaramba widgets.<br />
<br />
===== Sound applet in the system tray =====<br />
<br />
Install Kmix ({{Pkg|kdemultimedia-kmix}}) from the official repositories and start it from the application launcher. Since KDE, by default, autostarts programs from the previous session, it does not need to be started manually upon every login.<br />
<br />
{{Note|1=To adjust the [https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=313579#c28 step size of volume increments/decrements], add e.g. {{ic|1=VolumePercentageStep=1}} in the {{ic|[Global]}} section of {{ic|~/.kde4/share/config/kmixrc}}}}<br />
<br />
===== Adding a Global Menu to the desktop =====<br />
<br />
Install {{Pkg|appmenu-qt}} from the official repositories and {{aur|appmenu-gtk}} and {{aur|appmenu-qt5}} from the AUR in order to complete the preliminaries for a Mac OS X style always-on global menu. To get Firefox and LibreOffice to use the global menu as well, install {{aur|firefox-extension-globalmenu}} and {{aur|libreoffice-extension-menubar}} from the AUR.<br />
<br />
{{Warning|{{aur|firefox-extension-globalmenu}} has been deprecated as of Firefox 25 and there is no other recommended method for getting the global menu. However, there is a patched package, {{aur|firefox-ubuntu}} available in the AUR which has Canonical's patch for getting the global menu to work with the current version of Firefox (as of this writing).}}<br />
<br />
To actually get the global menu, install {{aur|kdeplasma-applets-menubar}} from the AUR. Create a plasma-panel on top of your screen and add the window menubar applet to the panel. To export the menus to your global menu, go to ''System Settings > Application Appearance > Style''. Now click the fine-tuning tab and use the drop-down list to select ''only export'' as your menubar style.<br />
<br />
==== Window decorations ====<br />
<br />
[http://kde-look.org/index.php?xcontentmode=75 Window decorations] can be changed in:<br />
System Settings > Workspace Appearance > Window Decorations<br />
There you can also directly download and install more themes with one click, and some are available in the [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?O=0&K=kdestyle&do_Search=Go&PP=25&SO=d&SB=v AUR].<br />
<br />
==== Icon themes ====<br />
<br />
Not many full system icons themes are available for KDE 4. You can open up ''System Settings > Application Appearance > Icons'' and browse for new ones or install them manually. Many of them can be found on [http://www.kde-look.org/ kde-look.org].<br />
<br />
Official logos, icons, CD labels and other artwork for Arch Linux are provided in the {{AUR|archlinux-artwork}} package. After installing you can find such artwork at {{ic|/usr/share/archlinux/}}.<br />
<br />
==== Fonts ====<br />
<br />
===== Fonts in KDE look poor =====<br />
<br />
Try installing the {{Pkg|ttf-dejavu}} and {{Pkg|ttf-liberation}} packages.<br />
<br />
After the installation, be sure to log out and back in. You should not have to modify anything in ''System Settings > Fonts''.<br />
<br />
If you have personally set up how your [[Fonts]] render, be aware that System Settings may alter their appearance. When you go ''System Settings > Appearance > Fonts'', System Settings will likely alter your font configuration file ({{ic|fonts.conf}}).<br />
<br />
There is no way to prevent this, but, if you set the values to match your {{ic|fonts.conf}} file, the expected font rendering will return (it will require you to restart your application or in a few cases restart your desktop). Note that Gnome's Font Preferences also does this.<br />
<br />
===== Fonts are huge or seem disproportional =====<br />
<br />
Try to force font DPI to '''96''' in ''System Settings > Application Appearance > Fonts''.<br />
<br />
If that does not work, try setting the DPI directly in your Xorg configuration as documented [[Xorg#Setting_DPI_manually|here]].<br />
<br />
==== Space efficiency ====<br />
<br />
Users with small screens (e.g. netbooks) can change some setting to make KDE more space efficient. See the [http://userbase.kde.org/KWin#Using_with_small_screens_(eg_Netbooks) upstream wiki] for more information. Also, you can use [http://www.kde.org/workspaces/plasmanetbook/ KDE's Plasma Netbook] which is a workspace made specifically for small, lightweight netbook devices.<br />
<br />
=== Networking ===<br />
<br />
You can choose from the following tools:<br />
* NetworkManager. See [[NetworkManager#KDE4|NetworkManager]] for more information.<br />
* Wicd. See [[Wicd]] for more information.<br />
<br />
=== Printing ===<br />
<br />
{{Tip|Use the [[CUPS]] web interface for faster configuration. Printers configured in this way can be used in KDE applications. }}<br />
<br />
You can also configure printers in ''System Settings > Printer Configuration''. To use this method, you must first install {{Pkg|kdeutils-print-manager}} and {{Pkg|cups}}.<br />
<br />
The {{ic|avahi-daemon}} and {{ic|cupsd}} daemons must be started first; otherwise, you will get the following error:<br />
The service 'Printer Configuration' does not provide an interface 'KCModule'<br />
with keyword 'system-config- printer-kde/system-config-printer-kde.py'<br />
The factory does not support creating components of the specified type.<br />
<br />
If you are getting the following error, you need to give your user the right to manage printers.<br />
There was an error during CUPS operation: 'cups-authorization-canceled'<br />
<br />
For CUPS, this is set in {{ic|/etc/cups/cupsd.conf}}.<br />
<br />
Adding {{ic|lp}} to {{ic|SystemGroup}} allows anyone who can print to configure printers. You can, of course, add another group instead of {{ic|lp}}.<br />
{{hc|/etc/cups/cupsd.conf|# Administrator user group...<br />
SystemGroup sys root lp}}<br />
<br />
=== Samba/Windows support ===<br />
<br />
If you want to have access to Windows services, install [[Samba]] (package {{Pkg|samba}}).<br />
<br />
You can then configure Samba shares through:<br />
<br />
System Settings > Sharing > Samba<br />
<br />
=== KDE Desktop activities ===<br />
<br />
KDE Desktop Activities are Plasma-based virtual-desktop-like sets of Plasma Widgets where you can independently configure widgets as if you have more than one screen or desktop.<br />
<br />
On your desktop, click the Cashew Plasmoid and, on the pop-up window, press "Activities".<br />
<br />
A plasma bar presenting you the current existing Plasma Desktop Activities will appear at the bottom of the screen. You can navigate between them by pressing the correspondent icons.<br />
<br />
=== Power saving ===<br />
<br />
KDE has an integrated power saving service called "'''Powerdevil Power Management'''" that may adjust the power saving profile of the system and/or the brightness of the screen (if supported).<br />
<br />
Since KDE 4.6, CPU frequency scaling is no longer managed by KDE. Instead it is assumed to be handled automatically by the the hardware and/or kernel. Arch has used {{ic|ondemand}} as the default CPU frequency governor since kernel version 3.3, so no additional configuration in needed in most cases. For details on fine-tuning the governor, see [[CPU Frequency Scaling]].<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring changes on local files and directories ===<br />
<br />
KDE now uses '''inotify''' directly from the kernel with '''kdirwatch''' (included in kdelibs), so Gamin or FAM are no longer needed. You may want to install this {{AUR|kdirwatch}} from AUR which is a GUI frontend for kdirwatch.<br />
<br />
== System administration ==<br />
<br />
=== Set keyboard ===<br />
<br />
Navigate to:<br />
System Settings > Hardware > Input Devices > Keyboard<br />
In the first tab, you can choose your keyboard model.<br />
<br />
In the "'''Layouts'''" tab, you can choose the languages you may want to use by pressing the "Add Layout" button and subsequently choosing the variant and the language.<br />
<br />
In the "'''Advanced'''" tab, you can choose the keyboard combination you want in order to change the layouts in the "Key(s) to change layout" sub-menu.<br />
<br />
=== Terminate Xorg server through KDE system settings ===<br />
<br />
Navigate to the submenu:<br />
System Settings > Input Devices > Keyboard > Advanced (tab) > "Key Sequence to kill the X server"<br />
and tick the checkbox.<br />
<br />
=== KCM ===<br />
<br />
KCM stands for '''KC'''onfig '''M'''odule. KCMs can help you configure your system by providing interfaces in System Settings.<br />
<br />
'''Configuration for look and feel of GTK applications.'''<br />
* {{Pkg|kde-gtk-config}}<br />
* {{AUR|kcm-gtk}}<br />
* {{AUR|kcm-qt-graphicssystem}}<br />
<br />
'''Configuration for the GRUB bootloader.'''<br />
* {{AUR|grub2-editor}}<br />
* {{AUR|kcm-grub2}}<br />
<br />
'''Configuration for Synaptics touchpads.'''<br />
* {{AUR|synaptiks}}<br />
* {{AUR|kcm_touchpad}}<br />
<br />
'''Configuration for the [[Uncomplicated Firewall]] (UFW)'''<br />
* {{AUR|kcm-ufw}}<br />
<br />
'''Configuration for [[PolicyKit]]'''<br />
* {{AUR|kcm-polkit-kde-git}}<br />
<br />
'''Configuration for Wacom tablets'''<br />
* {{AUR|kcm-wacomtablet}}<br />
<br />
More KCMs can be found at [http://kde-apps.org/index.php?xcontentmode=273 kde-apps.org].<br />
<br />
== Desktop search and semantic desktop ==<br />
<br />
According to [[wikipedia:Semantic_desktop|Wikipedia]], ''"the Semantic Desktop is a collective term for ideas related to changing a computer's user interface and data handling capabilities so that data is more easily shared between different applications or tasks and so that data that once could not be automatically processed by a computer can be (automatically processed)."''<br />
<br />
The KDE implementation of this concept is tied to (as of KDE 4.10) two major pieces of software, Akonadi and Nepomuk. Between the two of them, these programs look at your data and make an easily searchable index of it. The idea behind these pieces of software is to make your system "aware" of your data and give it context using meta-data and user-supplied tags.<br />
<br />
Soprano and Virtuoso are two dependencies of the Nepomuk Semantic Desktop. Since the relationship between the two major components and their dependencies is not very clear, the following sections try to shed some light on their inner workings.<br />
<br />
=== Virtuoso and Soprano ===<br />
<br />
The database used to store all the metadata used by the semantic desktop is a ''[[wikipedia:Resource_Description_Framework|Resource Description Framework (RDF)]]'' database called Virtuoso. Internally, Virtuoso may be looked as a relational database. (A [[wikipedia:Relational_model|relational database]] is different from a traditional single-table based database in the sense that it uses multiple tables related by a single key in order to store data.) It is currently controlled by OpenLink and is available under a commercial and an open source license.<br />
<br />
From the [http://techbase.kde.org/Projects/Nepomuk/ComponentOverview#Soprano KDE Techbase], ''Soprano is a Qt abstraction over databases. It provides a friendly Qt-based API for accessing different RDF stores. It currently supports 3 database backends - Sesame, Redland and Virtuoso. The KDE Semantic Stack only works with Virtuoso. Soprano also provides additional features such as serializing, parsing RDF data, and a client server architecture that is heavily used in Nepomuk.''<br />
<br />
=== Nepomuk ===<br />
<br />
Nepomuk stands for "Networked Environment for Personal, Ontology-based Management of Unified Knowledge". It is what allows all the tagging and labeling of files as well to take place and also serves as the way to actually read the Virtuoso databases. It provides an API to application developers which allows them to read the data collected by it.<br />
<br />
In the past, the "Strigi" service was used to collect data about the various files present on the system. However, due to many reasons, the most important of them being CPU and Memory usage, Strigi was replaced by a homegrown indexing service which is integrated with Nepomuk-Core.<br />
<br />
For further information about Nepomuk, [http://techbase.kde.org/Projects/Nepomuk/ComponentOverview#Nepomuk_Components this page] is a good resource. However, some of the information in the previous page has been rendered outdated according to [http://vhanda.in/blog/2012/11/nepomuk-without-strigi/ this blog post].<br />
<br />
==== Using and configuring Nepomuk ====<br />
<br />
In order to search using Nepouk on the KDE desktop, press {{ic|ALT+F2}} and type in your query. Nepomuk is enabled by default. It can be turned on and off in:<br />
System Settings > Desktop Search<br />
<br />
Nepomuk has to keep track of a lot of files. It is for this reason that it is recommended to increase the number of files that can be watched with inotify. In order to do that this command is a good option.<br />
# sysctl fs.inotify.max_user_watches=524288<br />
<br />
To do it persistently:<br />
# echo "fs.inotify.max_user_watches = 524288" >> /etc/sysctl.d/99-inotify.conf<br />
<br />
Restart Nepomuk to see the changes.<br />
<br />
==== KDE without Nepomuk ====<br />
<br />
If you wish to run KDE without Nepomuk, there exists a {{AUR|nepomuk-core-fake}} package in the AUR.<br />
{{Warning|As of now, Dolphin depends on {{Pkg|nepomuk-widgets}} and hence will break if used with the fake Nepomuk package.}}<br />
<br />
=== Akonadi ===<br />
<br />
Akonadi is a system meant to act as a local cache for PIM data, regardless of its origin, which can be then used by other applications. This includes the user's emails, contacts, calendars, events, journals, alarms, notes, and so on. It interfaces with the Nepomuk libraries to provide searching capabilities.<br />
<br />
Akonadi does not store any data by itself: the storage format depends on the nature of the data (for example, contacts may be stored in vCard format).<br />
<br />
For more information on Akonadi and its relationship with Nepomuk, see [http://blogs.kde.org/node/4503] and [http://cmollekopf.wordpress.com/2013/02/13/kontact-nepomuk-integration-why-data-from-akonadi-is-indexed-in-nepomuk/].<br />
<br />
==== Disabling Akonadi ====<br />
<br />
See this [http://userbase.kde.org/Akonadi#Disabling_the_Akonadi_subsystem section in the KDE userbase].<br />
<br />
==== Database configuration ====<br />
<br />
Start {{ic|akonaditray}} from package {{Pkg|kdepim-runtime}}. Right click on it and select '''configure'''. In the Akonadi server configure tab, you can:<br />
* Configuring Akonadi to use MySQL/MariaDB Server<br />
* Configuring Akonadi to use PostgreSQL Server<br />
* Configuring Akonadi to use SQLite<br />
<br />
==== Running KDE without Akonadi ====<br />
<br />
The package {{AUR|akonadi-fake}} is a good option for those who wish to run KDE without Akonadi.<br />
<br />
== Phonon ==<br />
<br />
=== What is Phonon? ===<br />
<br />
From [[Wikipedia:Phonon|Wikipedia]]:<br />
''Phonon is the multimedia API for KDE 4. Phonon was created to allow KDE 4 to be independent of any single multimedia framework such as GStreamer or xine and to provide a stable API for KDE 4's lifetime. It was done for various reasons: to create a simple KDE/Qt style multimedia API, to better support native multimedia frameworks on Windows and Mac OS X, and to fix problems of frameworks becoming unmaintained or having API or ABI instability.<br />
''<br />
<br />
'''Phonon''' is being widely used within KDE, for both audio (e.g., the System notifications or KDE audio apps) and video (e.g., the Dolphin video thumbnails).<br />
<br />
=== Which backend should I choose? ===<br />
<br />
You can choose between various backends like GStreamer ({{Pkg|phonon-gstreamer}}) or VLC ({{Pkg|phonon-vlc}}), available in the [[official repositories]], and MPlayer ({{AUR|phonon-mplayer-git}}), ({{AUR|phonon-quicktime-git}}), and ({{AUR|phonon-avkode-git}}); available in the [[AUR]]. Most users will want GStreamer or VLC which have the best upstream support. Note that multiple backends can be installed at once and chosen at ''System Settings > Multimedia > Phonon > Backend''.<br />
<br />
{{Note|According to the [http://userbase.kde.org/Phonon#Backend_libraries KDE UserBase], Phonon-MPlayer is currently unmaintained}}<br />
<br />
According to [http://lists.kde.org/?l=kde-multimedia&m=137994906723790&w=2 this mail in the KDE-Multimedia mailing list], users should prefer VLC over GStreamer.<br />
<br />
== Useful applications ==<br />
<br />
The official set of KDE applications may be found [http://www.kde.org/applications/ here].<br />
<br />
=== Yakuake ===<br />
<br />
[http://yakuake.kde.org/ Yakuake] provides a Quake-like terminal emulator whose visibility is toggled by the F12 key. It also has support for multiple tabs. Yakuake is available in the package {{Pkg|yakuake}}.<br />
<br />
=== KDE Telepathy ===<br />
<br />
[http://community.kde.org/KTp KDE Telepathy] is a project with the goal to closely integrate Instant Messaging with the KDE desktop. It utilizes the Telepathy framework as a backend and is intended to replace Kopete.<br />
<br />
To install all Telepathy protocols, install the {{Grp|telepathy}} group.<br />
To use the KDE Telepathy client, install the {{Pkg|kde-telepathy-meta}} package that includes all the packages contained in the {{Grp|kde-telepathy}} group .<br />
<br />
== Tips and tricks ==<br />
<br />
=== Using Openbox in KDE ===<br />
{{tip|The native window manager for KDE is {{ic|kwin}}.}}<br />
<br />
The [[Openbox]] window manager works very well within KDE, combined with a noticable improvement in performance and responsiveness. By default, a {{ic|KDE/Openbox}} session will be made automatically available upon installing Openbox, even if the KDE environment itself has not been installed. Most popular display managers will therefore allow KDE with Openbox as the window manager to be selected as a session.<br />
<br />
To manually start KDE with Openbox as the window manager - as a default session for [[SLiM]], or where not using a display manager at all - add the following command to the [[Xinitrc]] file:<br />
<br />
exec openbox-kde-session<br />
<br />
==== When using KDM ====<br />
<br />
To use [[Openbox]] as a default windows manager when logging in with [[KDM]] just go to Default Applications -> Window Manager -> Use a different windows manager then select Openbox within the dropdown box.<br />
<br />
<br />
==== Re-enabling compositing effects ====<br />
Where replacing the native {{ic|kwin}} window manager with Openbox, any desktop compositing effects - such a transparency - provided will also be lost. This is because Openbox itself does not provide any compositing functionality. However, it is easily possible to use a seperate compositing program to [[Openbox#Compositing_effects|re-enable compositing]].<br />
<br />
=== Integrate Android with the KDE Desktop ===<br />
<br />
Install {{AUR|kdeconnect}} from the AUR and [https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.kde.kdeconnect_tp&hl=en KDE Connect] from the Google Play store for great Android-KDE integration.<br />
<br />
=== Get notifications for software updates ===<br />
<br />
Install {{Pkg|apper}} to get notifications about package updates in your KDE system tray and a basic package manager GUI. See the [http://www.packagekit.org/index.html PackageKit website] for more information.<br />
<br />
=== Configure KWin to use OpenGL ES ===<br />
<br />
Beginning with KWin version 4.8 it is possible to use the separately built binary '''kwin_gles''' as a replacement for kwin. It behaves almost the same as the kwin executable in OpenGL2 mode with the slight difference that it uses ''egl'' instead of ''glx'' as the native platform interface. To test kwin_gles you just have to run {{ic|kwin_gles --replace}} in Konsole.<br />
If you want to make this change permanent you have to create a script in {{ic|$(kde4-config --localprefix)/env/}} which exports {{ic|1=KDEWM=kwin_gles}}.<br />
<br />
=== Enabling audio thumbnails under Konqueror/Dolphin file managers ===<br />
<br />
For thumbnails of audio files in Konqueror and Dolphin install {{AUR|audiothumbs}} from AUR.<br />
<br />
=== Enabling video thumbnails under Konqueror/Dolphin file managers ===<br />
<br />
For thumbnails of videos in konqueror and dolphin install {{Pkg|kdemultimedia-mplayerthumbs}} or {{Pkg|kdemultimedia-ffmpegthumbs}}.<br />
<br />
=== Speed up application startup ===<br />
<br />
User Rob wrote on his blog this "[http://kdemonkey.blogspot.nl/2008/04/magic-trick.html magic trick]" to improve application start-up time by 50-150ms.<br />
To enable it, create this folder in your home:<br />
$ mkdir -p ~/.compose-cache/<br />
<br />
{{Note|For those curious about what is going on here, this enables an optimization which Lubos (of general KDE speediness fame) came up with some time ago and was then rewritten and integrated into libx11. Ordinarily, on startup, applications read input method information from {{ic|/usr/share/X11/locale/''your locale''/Compose}}. This file is quite long (>5000 lines for the en_US.UTF-8 one) and takes some time to process. libX11 can create a cache of the parsed information which is much quicker to read subsequently, but it will only re-use an existing cache or create a new one in {{ic|~/.compose-cache}} if the directory already exists.}}<br />
<br />
=== Hiding partitions ===<br />
<br />
In Dolphin, it is as simple as right-clicking on the partition in the {{ic|Places}} sidebar and selecting {{ic|Hide ''partition''}}. Otherwise...<br />
<br />
If you wish to prevent your internal partitions from appearing in your file manager, you can create an udev rule, e.g:<br />
<br />
{{hc|/etc/udev/rules.d/10-local.rules|2=<br />
KERNEL=="sda[0-9]", ENV{UDISKS_IGNORE}="1"<br />
}}<br />
<br />
The same thing for a certain partition:<br />
<br />
KERNEL=="sda1", ENV{UDISKS_IGNORE}="1"<br />
KERNEL=="sda2", ENV{UDISKS_IGNORE}="1"<br />
<br />
=== Konqueror tips ===<br />
<br />
==== Disabling smart key tooltips (browser) ====<br />
<br />
To disable those smart key tooltips in Konqueror (pressing {{ic|Ctrl}} on a web page), use ''Settings > Configure Konqueror > Web Browsing'' and uncheck ''Enable Access Key activation with Ctrl key'' o<br />
<br />
{{hc|~/.kde4/share/config/konquerorrc|2=<br />
[Access Keys]<br />
Enabled=false<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==== Using WebKit ====<br />
<br />
WebKit is an open source browser engine developed by Apple Inc. It is a derivative from the KHTML and KJS libraries and contains many improvements. WebKit is used by Safari, Google Chrome and rekonq.<br />
<br />
It is possible to use WebKit in Konqueror instead of KHTML. First install the {{Pkg|kwebkitpart}} package.<br />
<br />
Then, after executing Konqueror, navigate to ''Settings > Configure Konqueror > General > Default web browser engine'' and set it as {{ic|WebKit}}.<br />
<br />
=== Firefox integration ===<br />
<br />
See [[Firefox#KDE_integration|Firefox]].<br />
<br />
=== Setting the screensaver background to the same as the current one ===<br />
<br />
Kscreensaver's background can be changed from the default.<br />
<br />
KDE by default is [https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=312828 not able] to change this for the 'Simple Lock', but a [http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-kde/2013-02/msg00082.html workaround] [http://forum.kde.org/viewtopic.php?f=66&t=110039 exists]:<br />
<br />
{{hc|/usr/share/apps/ksmserver/screenlocker/org.kde.passworddialog/contents/ui/|<br />
[...]<br />
''#source: theme.wallpaperPathForSize(parent.width, parent.height)''<br />
source: "1920x1080.jpg"<br />
[...]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
Now you copy your current background image to {{ic|"1920x1080.jpg"}}.<br />
<br />
Note you have to redo this for each update of the package {{Pkg|kdebase-workspace}}.<br />
<br />
=== Setting lockscreen wallpaper to arbitrary image ===<br />
<br />
Copy an existing wallpaper profile as a template:<br />
$ cp -r /usr/share/wallpapers/''ExistingWallpaper'' ~/.kde4/share/wallpapers/<br />
<br />
Change the name of the directory, and edit {{ic|metadata.desktop}}:<br />
<br />
{{hc|~/.kde4/share/wallpapers/''MyWallpaper''/metadata.desktop|2=<br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=MyWallpaper<br />
X-KDE-PluginInfo-Name=MyWallpaper<br />
}}<br />
<br />
Remove existing images ({{ic|contents/screenshot.png}} and {{ic|images/*}}):<br />
$ rm ~/.kde4/share/wallpapers/MyWallpaper/contents/screenshot.png<br />
$ rm ~/.kde4/share/wallpapers/MyWallpaper/contents/images/*<br />
<br />
Copy new image in:<br />
$ cp ''path/to/MyWallpaper.png'' MyWallpaper/contents/images/1920x1080.png<br />
<br />
Edit the metadata profile for the current theme:<br />
{{hc|~/.kde4/share/apps/desktoptheme/MyTheme/metadata.desktop|2=<br />
[Wallpaper]<br />
defaultWallpaperTheme=NewWallpaper<br />
defaultFileSuffix=.png<br />
defaultWidth=1920<br />
defaultHeight=1080<br />
}}<br />
<br />
Lock the screen to check that it worked.<br />
<br />
{{Note|This method sets the lockscreen background without changing any system-wide settings. For a system-wide change, create the new wallpaper profile in {{ic|/usr/share/wallpapers}}.}}<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== Configuration related ===<br />
<br />
Many issues in KDE are related to configuration. One way to resolve upgrade problems is to start over with a fresh KDE config.<br />
<br />
==== Reset all KDE configuration ====<br />
<br />
To test whether your config is the problem try quitting your KDE session by logging out and, in a tty, run<br />
$ cp ~/.kde4 ~/.kde4.safekeeping<br />
$ rm .kde4/{cache,socket,tmp}-$(hostname)<br />
<br />
The ''rm'' command just removes symbolic links which will be recreated by KDE automatically. Now start a new KDE session to see the results.<br />
<br />
If the problem is resolved, you will have a fresh, problem-free {{ic|~/.kde4/}}. You can gradually move parts of your saved configuration back, restarting your session regularly to test, to identify the problematic parts of your config. Some files here are named after applications so you will probably be able to test these without needing to restart KDE.<br />
<br />
==== File Indexer Service not working even after enabling everything properly ====<br />
<br />
This is caused due to a corrupted Nepomuk database. It may be remedied by moving the database or deleting it all together. Log out of KDE and issue this command from a virtual console:<br />
<br />
$ mv ~/.kde4/share/apps/nepomuk ~/.kde4/share/apps/nepomuk_backup<br />
<br />
to move your existing (and corrupt) nepomuk database. It will be recreated when you log in again.<br />
<br />
==== Plasma desktop behaves strangely ====<br />
<br />
Plasma issues are usually caused by unstable '''plasmoids''' or '''plasma themes'''. First, find which was the last plasmoid or plasma theme you had installed and disable it or uninstall it.<br />
<br />
So, if your desktop suddenly exhibits "locking up", this is likely caused by a faulty installed widget. If you cannot remember which widget you installed before the problem began (sometimes it can be an irregular problem), try to track it down by removing each widget until the problem ceases. Then you can uninstall the widget, and file a bug report (bugs.kde.org) '''only if it is an official widget'''. If it is not, it is recommended you find the entry on kde-look.org and inform the developer of that widget about the issue (detailing steps to reproduce, etc).<br />
<br />
If you cannot find the problem, but you do not want ''all'' the KDE settings to be lost, do:<br />
<br />
$ rm -r ~/.kde4/share/config/plasma*<br />
<br />
This command will '''delete all plasma related configs''' of your user and when you will relogin into KDE, you will have the '''default''' settings back. You should know that this action '''cannot be undone'''. You should create a backup folder and copy all the plasma related configs in it.<br />
<br />
==== Clean cache to resolve upgrade problems ====<br />
<br />
The [https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=135301 problem] may be caused by old cache. Sometimes after an upgrade, the old cache might introduce strange, hard to debug behaviour such as unkillable shells, hangs when changing various settings and several other problems such as ark being unable to unrar or unzip or amarok not recognizing any of your musics. This solution can also resolve problems with KDE and QT programmes looking bad following upgrade.<br />
<br />
Rebuild your cache with the following commands:<br />
<br />
$ rm ~/.config/Trolltech.conf<br />
$ kbuildsycoca4 --noincremental<br />
<br />
Hopefully, your problems are now fixed.<br />
<br />
=== Clean akonadi configuration to fix KMail ===<br />
<br />
First, make sure that KMail is not running. Then backup configuration:<br />
$ mv ~/.local/share/akonadi ~/.local/share/akonadi-old<br />
$ mv ~/.config/akonadi ~/.config/akonadi-old<br />
<br />
Start ''SystemSettings > Personal'' and remove all the resources. Go back to Dolphin and remove the original {{ic|~/.local/share/akonadi}} and<br />
{{ic|~/.config/akonadi}} - the copies you made ensure that you can back-track if necessary.<br />
<br />
Now go back to the System Settings page and carefully add the necessary resources. You should see the resource reading in your mail folders. Then start Kontact/KMail to see if it work properly.<br />
<br />
=== Getting current state of KWin for support and debug purposes ===<br />
<br />
This command prints out a wonderful summary of the current state of KWin including used options, used compositing backend and relevant OpenGL driver capabilities. See more on [http://blog.martin-graesslin.com/blog/2012/03/on-getting-help-for-kwin-and-helping-kwin/ Martin's blog].<br />
<br />
$ qdbus org.kde.kwin /KWin supportInformation<br />
<br />
=== KDE4 does not finish loading ===<br />
<br />
There might be a situation in which the graphic driver might create a conflict when starting KDE4. This situation happens after the login but before finishing loading the desktop, making the user wait indefinitely at the loading screen. Until now the only users confirmed to be affected by this are the ones that use [[NVIDIA|Nvidia drivers]] and KDE4.<br />
<br />
A solution for Nvidia users:<br />
<br />
{{hc|~/.kde4/share/config/kwinrc|2=<br />
[Compositing]<br />
Enabled=false<br />
}}<br />
For more information, see [https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=932598 this] thread.<br />
<br />
If a minimal install was done, make sure you installed the required font by your phonon backend listed here: [[#Minimal install]]<br />
<br />
=== KDE and Qt programs look bad when in a different window manager ===<br />
<br />
If you are using KDE or Qt programs but not in a full KDE session (specifically, you did not run {{ic|startkde}}), then as of KDE 4.6.1 you will need to tell Qt how to find KDE's styles (Oxygen, QtCurve etc.)<br />
<br />
You just need to set the environment variable {{ic|QT_PLUGIN_PATH}}. E.g. put:<br />
<br />
export QT_PLUGIN_PATH=$HOME/.kde4/lib/kde4/plugins/:/usr/lib/kde4/plugins/<br />
<br />
into your {{ic|/etc/profile}} (or {{ic|~/.profile}} if you do not have root access). qtconfig should then be able to find your KDE styles and everything should look nice again!<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can symlink the Qt styles directory to the KDE styles one:<br />
# ln -s /usr/lib/kde4/plugins/styles/ /usr/lib/qt/plugins/styles<br />
<br />
Under Gnome you can try to install the package libgnomeui.<br />
<br />
=== Graphical related issues ===<br />
<br />
==== Low 2D desktop performance (or) artifacts appear when on 2D ====<br />
<br />
===== GPU driver problem =====<br />
<br />
Make sure you have the proper driver for your card installed, so that your desktop is at least 2D accelerated. Follow these articles for more information: [[ATI]], [[NVIDIA]], [[Intel]] for more information, in order to make sure that everything is all right.<br />
The open-source ATI and Intel drivers and the proprietary (binary) Nvidia driver should theoretically provide the best 2D and 3D acceleration.<br />
<br />
===== The Raster engine workaround =====<br />
<br />
If this does not solve your problems, your driver may not provide a good '''XRender''' acceleration which the current Qt painter engine relies on by default.<br />
<br />
You can change the painter engine to software based only by invoking the application with the {{ic|-graphicssystem raster}} command line. This rendering engine can be set as the default one by recompiling Qt with the same as configure option, {{ic|-graphicssystem raster}}.<br />
<br />
The raster paint engine enables the CPU to do the majority of the painting, as opposed to the GPU. You may get better performance, depending on your system. This is basically a work-around for the terrible Linux driver stack, since the CPU should obviously not be doing graphical computations since it is designed for fewer threads of greater complexity, as opposed to the GPU which is many threads but lesser computational strength. So, only use Raster engine if you are having problems or your GPU is much slower than you CPU, otherwise is better to use XRender.<br />
<br />
Since Qt 4.7+, recompiling Qt is not needed. Simply export {{ic|1=QT_GRAPHICSSYSTEM=raster}}, or {{ic|opengl}}, or {{ic|native}} (for the default). Raster depends on the CPU, OpenGL depends on the GPU and high driver support, and Native is just using the X11 rendering (mixture, usually).<br />
<br />
'''The best and automatic way to do that''' is to install {{AUR|kcm-qt-graphicssystem}} from AUR and configure this particular Qt setting through:<br />
<br />
System Settings > Qt Graphics System<br />
<br />
For more information, consult this [http://apachelog.wordpress.com/2010/09/05/qt-graphics-system-kcm/ KDE Developer blog entry] and/or this [http://labs.trolltech.com/blogs/2009/12/18/qt-graphics-and-performance-the-raster-engine/ Qt Developer blog entry].<br />
<br />
==== Low 3D desktop performance====<br />
<br />
KDE begins with desktop effects enabled. Older cards may be insufficient for 3D desktop acceleration. You can disable desktop effects in:<br />
System Settings > Desktop Effects<br />
and you can toggle desktop effects with {{ic|Alt+Shift+F12}}.<br />
<br />
{{Note| You may encounter such problems with 3D desktop performance even when using a more powerful graphics card, especially the catalyst proprietary driver ({{ic|fglrx}}). This driver is known for having issues with 3D acceleration. Visit [[ATI|the ATI Wiki page]] for more troubleshooting.}}<br />
<br />
==== Desktop compositing is disabled on my system with a modern Nvidia GPU ====<br />
<br />
Sometimes, KWin may have settings in its configuration file ({{ic|kwinrc}}) that ''may'' cause a problem on re-activating the 3D desktop {{ic|OpenGL}} compositing. That could be caused randomly (for example, due to a sudden Xorg crash or restart, and it gets corrupted), so, in case that happens, delete your {{ic|~/.kde4/share/config/kwinrc}} file and relogin. The KWin settings will turn to the KDE default ones and the problem should be probably gone.<br />
<br />
==== Flickering in fullscreen when compositing is enabled ====<br />
<br />
As of KDE SC 4.6.0, there is an option in ''Sytem Settings > Desktop Effect > Advanced > Suspend desktop effects for fullscreen windows''. Uncheck it would tell kwin to disable unredirect fullscren.<br />
<br />
==== Screen Tearing with desktop compositing enabled ====<br />
<br />
{{Note|With the recent update of KDE to 4.11, several new Vsync options have been added, which may help with screen tearing.}}<br />
<br />
KWin may suffer from screen tearing while desktop effects are enabled. Uncheck the VSync option under ''System Settings > Desktop Effects > Advanced > Use Vsync''.<br />
<br />
For proprietary driver users, ensure that the driver's VSync option is enabled ({{ic|amdccle}} for [[Catalyst]] users, and nvidia-settings for [[NVIDIA]] users).<br />
<br />
==== Display settings lost on reboot (multiple monitors) ====<br />
Installing {{Pkg|kscreen}} might fix the problem unless your screens share the same EDID. Kscreen is the improved screen management software for KDE, more information can be found [https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/KScreen?rd=Features/KScreen here].<br />
<br />
=== Sound problems under KDE ===<br />
<br />
==== ALSA related problems ====<br />
<br />
{{Note|First make sure you have {{Pkg|alsa-lib}} and {{Pkg|alsa-utils}} installed.}}<br />
<br />
===== "Falling back to default" messages when trying to listen to any sound in KDE =====<br />
<br />
When you encounter such messages:<br />
The audio playback device ''name_of_the_sound_device'' does not work.<br />
Falling back to default<br />
Go to:<br />
System Settings > Multimedia > Phonon<br />
and set the device named {{ic|default}} above all the other devices in each box you see.<br />
<br />
===== MP3 files cannot be played when using the GStreamer Phonon backend =====<br />
<br />
This can be solved by installing the GStreamer plugins (package group {{Grp|gstreamer0.10-plugins}}). If you still encounter problems, you can try changing the Phonon backend used by installing another such as {{Pkg|phonon-vlc}}.<br />
Then, make sure the backend is preferred via:<br />
<br />
System Settings > Multimedia > Phonon > Backend (tab)<br />
<br />
=== Konsole does not save commands' history ===<br />
<br />
By default console command history is saved only when you type 'exit' in console. When you close Konsole with 'x' in the corner it does not happen.<br />
To enable autosaving after every command execution:<br />
<br />
{{hc|~/.bashrc|<nowiki><br />
shopt -s histappend<br />
[[ "${PROMPT_COMMAND}" ]] && PROMPT_COMMAND="$PROMPT_COMMAND;history -a" || PROMPT_COMMAND="history -a"<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== KDE password prompts display three bullets per char ===<br />
<br />
This setting can be changed at ''System Settings > Account Details > Password & User Account'':<br />
* Show one bullet for each letter<br />
* Show three bullets for each letter<br />
* Show nothing<br />
<br />
=== Nepomukserver process still autostarts even with semantic desktop disabled ===<br />
<br />
Go to ''System Settings > Startup and Shutdown > Service Manager > Startup Services'' and uncheck the Nepomuk Search Module.<br />
<br />
=== Dolphin and File Dialogs are extremely slow to start ===<br />
<br />
This may be caused by the upower service. If the upower service is not needed on your system, it can be disabled:<br />
<br />
# systemctl disable upower<br />
# systemctl mask upower<br />
<br />
Obviously this will not have any side effect on a desktop system.<br />
<br />
=== Default PDF viewer in GTK applications under KDE ===<br />
<br />
In some cases when you have installed [[Inkscape]], [[Gimp]] or other graphic programs, GTK applications ([[Firefox]] among all) might not select Okular as the default PDF application, and they are not going to follow the KDE settings on default applications. You can use the following user command to make Okular the default application again.<br />
<br />
$ xdg-mime default kde4-okularApplication_pdf.desktop application/pdf<br />
<br />
If you are using a different PDF viewer application, or a different mime-type is misbehaving, you should change {{ic|kde4-okularApplication_pdf.desktop}} and {{ic|application/pdf}} respectively according to your needs.<br />
<br />
For more information, consult [[Default Applications]] wiki page.<br />
<br />
== Unstable releases ==<br />
<br />
When KDE is reaching beta or RC milestone, KDE "unstable" packages are uploaded to the [kde-unstable] repository. They stay there until KDE is declared stable and passes to [extra].<br />
<br />
You can add [kde-unstable] with:<br />
<br />
{{hc|/etc/pacman.conf|2=<br />
[kde-unstable]<br />
Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist<br />
}}<br />
<br />
# [kde-unstable] is based upon testing. Therefore, you need to enable the repositories in the following order: [kde-unstable], [testing], [core], [extra], [community-testing], [community].<br />
# To update from a previous KDE installation, run: {{ic|# pacman -Syu}} or {{ic|# pacman -S kde-unstable/kde}}<br />
# If you do not have KDE installed, you might have difficulties to install it by using groups (limitation of pacman)<br />
# '''Subscribe and read the [https://mailman.archlinux.org/pipermail/arch-dev-public/ arch-dev-public] mailing list'''<br />
# Make sure [[#Distro_and_Upstream_bug_report|you make bug reports]] if you find any issues.<br />
<br />
== Other KDE projects ==<br />
<br />
=== Trinity ===<br />
<br />
From the release of KDE 4.x, the developers dropped support for KDE 3.5.x. Trinity Desktop Environment is a fork of KDE3 developed by Timothy Pearson ([http://trinitydesktop.org/ trinitydesktop.org]). This project aims to keep the KDE3.5 computing style alive, as well as polish off any rough edges that were present as of KDE 3.5.10. See [[Trinity]] for more info.<br />
<br />
{{Warning|KDE 3 is no longer maintained and supported by the KDE developers. The "Trinity KDE" is maintained by the Trinity project commmunity. Use KDE 3 on your own risk, regarding any bugs, performance issues or security risks.}}<br />
<br />
== Bugs ==<br />
<br />
It is preferrable that if you find a minor or serious bug, you should visit [https://bugs.archlinux.org the Arch Bug Tracker] or/and [http://bugs.kde.org KDE Bug Tracker] in order to report that. Make sure that you are clear about what you want to report.<br />
<br />
If you have any issue and you write about in on the Arch forums, first make sure that you have '''fully''' updated your system using a good sync mirror (check [https://www.archlinux.de/?page=MirrorStatus here]) or try [[Reflector]].<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.kde.org] - KDE homepage<br />
* [https://bugs.kde.org] - KDE bug tracker<br />
* [https://bugs.archlinux.org] - Arch Linux bug tracker<br />
* [https://projects.kde.org] - KDE Projects</div>Macleod2486https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=KDE&diff=287433KDE2013-12-09T17:02:29Z<p>Macleod2486: /* Using Openbox in KDE */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:KDE]]<br />
[[cs:KDE]]<br />
[[de:KDE]]<br />
[[es:KDE]]<br />
[[fr:KDE]]<br />
[[it:KDE]]<br />
[[ja:KDE]]<br />
[[pl:KDE]]<br />
[[ru:KDE]]<br />
[[tr:KDE_Masaüstü_Ortamı]]<br />
[[zh-CN:KDE]]<br />
[[zh-TW:KDE]]<br />
{{Related articles start}}<br />
{{Related|Desktop Environment}}<br />
{{Related|Display Manager}}<br />
{{Related|Window Manager}}<br />
{{Related|Plasma}}<br />
{{Related|Qt}}<br />
{{Related|KDM}}<br />
{{Related|KDevelop 4}}<br />
{{Related|Uniform Look for Qt and GTK Applications}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
<br />
From [http://www.kde.org/community/whatiskde/softwarecompilation.php KDE Software Compilation] and [http://www.kde.org/download/ Getting KDE Software]:<br />
<br />
:''The KDE Software Compilation is the set of frameworks, workspaces, and applications produced by KDE to create a beautiful, functional and free desktop computing environment for Linux and similar operating systems. It consists of a large number of individual applications and a desktop workspace as a shell to run these applications. ''<br />
<br />
The KDE upstream has a well maintained [http://userbase.kde.org/ UserBase wiki]. Users can get detailed information about most KDE applications there.<br />
<br />
== Installation ==<br />
<br />
Before installing KDE, make sure you have a working [[Xorg]] installation on your system.<br />
<br />
KDE 4.x is ''modular''. You can install an entire set of packages or only install your preferred KDE applications.<br />
<br />
=== Full install ===<br />
<br />
[[pacman|Install]] {{Grp|kde}} or {{Grp|kde-meta}} available in the [[official repositories]]. For differences between {{Grp|kde}} and {{Grp|kde-meta}} see the [[KDE Packages]] article.<br />
<br />
=== Minimal install ===<br />
<br />
If you want to have a minimal installation of the KDE Software Compilation, install {{Grp|kdebase}}.<br />
<br />
=== Language pack ===<br />
<br />
If you need language files, install {{ic|kde-l10n-yourlanguagehere}} (e.g. {{Pkg|kde-l10n-de}} for the German language).<br />
<br />
For a full list of available languages see [https://www.archlinux.org/packages/extra/any/kde-l10n/ this link].<br />
<br />
== Upgrading ==<br />
<br />
'''KDE 4.11''' Software Compilation is the current major [http://kde.org/announcements/ release of KDE]. Important hints for upgraders:<br />
* Always check if your mirror is '''up to date'''.<br />
* '''Do not force an update using {{ic|# pacman --force}}'''. If pacman complains about conflicts please '''file a bug report'''.<br />
* You can remove the meta packages and the sub packages you do not need after the update.<br />
* If you do not like split packages just keep using the kde-meta packages.<br />
<br />
== Starting KDE ==<br />
<br />
Starting KDE depends on your preferences. Basically there are two ways of starting KDE. Using '''KDM''' or '''xinitrc'''.<br />
<br />
=== Using a Display Manager ===<br />
A [[display manager]], or login manager, is typically a graphical user interface that is displayed at the end of the boot process in place of the default shell. It allows easily logging in straight to KDE. KDE has its own display manager, KDM.<br />
<br />
==== KDM (KDE Display Manager) ====<br />
<br />
''See the [[KDM]] page for more information.''<br />
<br />
[[systemd#Using units|Enable/start]] {{ic|kdm.service}} to start the display manager.<br />
<br />
=== Using xinitrc ===<br />
<br />
''See the [[xinitrc]] page for more information.''<br />
<br />
{{hc|~/.xinitrc|<br />
exec startkde<br />
}}<br />
<br />
Execute {{ic|startx}} or {{ic|xinit}} to start KDE.<br />
<br />
{{Note|If you want to start Xorg at boot, please read the [[Start X at Login]] article.}}<br />
<br />
== Configuration ==<br />
<br />
All KDE configuration is saved in the {{ic|~/.kde4}} folder. If KDE is giving you a lot of trouble or if you ever want a fresh installation of KDE, just backup and rename this folder and restart your X session. KDE will re-create it with all the default configuration files. If you want very fine-grained control over KDE programs, you may want to edit the files in this folder.<br />
<br />
However, configuring KDE is primarily done in '''System Settings'''. A few other options for the desktop are available in '''Default Desktop Settings''' in the desktop's context menu.<br />
<br />
For other personalization options not covered below such as activities, different wallpapers on one cube, etc., please refer to the [[Plasma]] wiki page.<br />
<br />
=== Personalization ===<br />
<br />
How to set up the KDE desktop to your personal style: use different Plasma themes, window decorations and icon themes.<br />
<br />
==== Plasma desktop ====<br />
<br />
[[Plasma]] is a desktop integration technology that provides many functions like displaying the wallpaper, adding widgets to the desktop, and handling the panel(s), or "taskbar(s)".<br />
<br />
===== Themes =====<br />
<br />
[http://kde-look.org/index.php?xcontentmode=76 Plasma themes] can be installed through the Desktop Settings control panel. Plasma themes define the look of panels and plasmoids. For easy system-wide installation, some such themes are available in both the official repositories and the [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?O=0&K=plasmatheme&do_Search=Go AUR].<br />
<br />
===== Widgets =====<br />
<br />
Plasmoids are little scripted (plasmoid scripts) or coded (plasmoid binaries) KDE applications designed to enhance the functionality of your desktop.<br />
<br />
Plasmoid binaries can be installed using PKGBUILDs from [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?O=0&K=plasmoid&do_Search=Go&PP=25&SO=d&SB=v AUR], or you can write your own PKGBUILD.<br />
<br />
The easiest way to install plasmoid scripts is by right-clicking onto a panel or the desktop:<br />
<br />
Add Widgets > Get new Widgets > Download Widgets<br />
<br />
This will present a nice frontend for [http://www.kde-look.org/ kde-look.org] that allows you to install, uninstall, or update third-party plasmoid scripts with literally just one click.<br />
<br />
Most plasmoids are not created officially by KDE developers. You can also try installing Mac OS X widgets, Microsoft Windows Vista/7 widgets, Google Widgets, and even SuperKaramba widgets.<br />
<br />
===== Sound applet in the system tray =====<br />
<br />
Install Kmix ({{Pkg|kdemultimedia-kmix}}) from the official repositories and start it from the application launcher. Since KDE, by default, autostarts programs from the previous session, it does not need to be started manually upon every login.<br />
<br />
{{Note|1=To adjust the [https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=313579#c28 step size of volume increments/decrements], add e.g. {{ic|1=VolumePercentageStep=1}} in the {{ic|[Global]}} section of {{ic|~/.kde4/share/config/kmixrc}}}}<br />
<br />
===== Adding a Global Menu to the desktop =====<br />
<br />
Install {{Pkg|appmenu-qt}} from the official repositories and {{aur|appmenu-gtk}} and {{aur|appmenu-qt5}} from the AUR in order to complete the preliminaries for a Mac OS X style always-on global menu. To get Firefox and LibreOffice to use the global menu as well, install {{aur|firefox-extension-globalmenu}} and {{aur|libreoffice-extension-menubar}} from the AUR.<br />
<br />
{{Warning|{{aur|firefox-extension-globalmenu}} has been deprecated as of Firefox 25 and there is no other recommended method for getting the global menu. However, there is a patched package, {{aur|firefox-ubuntu}} available in the AUR which has Canonical's patch for getting the global menu to work with the current version of Firefox (as of this writing).}}<br />
<br />
To actually get the global menu, install {{aur|kdeplasma-applets-menubar}} from the AUR. Create a plasma-panel on top of your screen and add the window menubar applet to the panel. To export the menus to your global menu, go to ''System Settings > Application Appearance > Style''. Now click the fine-tuning tab and use the drop-down list to select ''only export'' as your menubar style.<br />
<br />
==== Window decorations ====<br />
<br />
[http://kde-look.org/index.php?xcontentmode=75 Window decorations] can be changed in:<br />
System Settings > Workspace Appearance > Window Decorations<br />
There you can also directly download and install more themes with one click, and some are available in the [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?O=0&K=kdestyle&do_Search=Go&PP=25&SO=d&SB=v AUR].<br />
<br />
==== Icon themes ====<br />
<br />
Not many full system icons themes are available for KDE 4. You can open up ''System Settings > Application Appearance > Icons'' and browse for new ones or install them manually. Many of them can be found on [http://www.kde-look.org/ kde-look.org].<br />
<br />
Official logos, icons, CD labels and other artwork for Arch Linux are provided in the {{AUR|archlinux-artwork}} package. After installing you can find such artwork at {{ic|/usr/share/archlinux/}}.<br />
<br />
==== Fonts ====<br />
<br />
===== Fonts in KDE look poor =====<br />
<br />
Try installing the {{Pkg|ttf-dejavu}} and {{Pkg|ttf-liberation}} packages.<br />
<br />
After the installation, be sure to log out and back in. You should not have to modify anything in ''System Settings > Fonts''.<br />
<br />
If you have personally set up how your [[Fonts]] render, be aware that System Settings may alter their appearance. When you go ''System Settings > Appearance > Fonts'', System Settings will likely alter your font configuration file ({{ic|fonts.conf}}).<br />
<br />
There is no way to prevent this, but, if you set the values to match your {{ic|fonts.conf}} file, the expected font rendering will return (it will require you to restart your application or in a few cases restart your desktop). Note that Gnome's Font Preferences also does this.<br />
<br />
===== Fonts are huge or seem disproportional =====<br />
<br />
Try to force font DPI to '''96''' in ''System Settings > Application Appearance > Fonts''.<br />
<br />
If that does not work, try setting the DPI directly in your Xorg configuration as documented [[Xorg#Setting_DPI_manually|here]].<br />
<br />
==== Space efficiency ====<br />
<br />
Users with small screens (e.g. netbooks) can change some setting to make KDE more space efficient. See the [http://userbase.kde.org/KWin#Using_with_small_screens_(eg_Netbooks) upstream wiki] for more information. Also, you can use [http://www.kde.org/workspaces/plasmanetbook/ KDE's Plasma Netbook] which is a workspace made specifically for small, lightweight netbook devices.<br />
<br />
=== Networking ===<br />
<br />
You can choose from the following tools:<br />
* NetworkManager. See [[NetworkManager#KDE4|NetworkManager]] for more information.<br />
* Wicd. See [[Wicd]] for more information.<br />
<br />
=== Printing ===<br />
<br />
{{Tip|Use the [[CUPS]] web interface for faster configuration. Printers configured in this way can be used in KDE applications. }}<br />
<br />
You can also configure printers in ''System Settings > Printer Configuration''. To use this method, you must first install {{Pkg|kdeutils-print-manager}} and {{Pkg|cups}}.<br />
<br />
The {{ic|avahi-daemon}} and {{ic|cupsd}} daemons must be started first; otherwise, you will get the following error:<br />
The service 'Printer Configuration' does not provide an interface 'KCModule'<br />
with keyword 'system-config- printer-kde/system-config-printer-kde.py'<br />
The factory does not support creating components of the specified type.<br />
<br />
If you are getting the following error, you need to give your user the right to manage printers.<br />
There was an error during CUPS operation: 'cups-authorization-canceled'<br />
<br />
For CUPS, this is set in {{ic|/etc/cups/cupsd.conf}}.<br />
<br />
Adding {{ic|lp}} to {{ic|SystemGroup}} allows anyone who can print to configure printers. You can, of course, add another group instead of {{ic|lp}}.<br />
{{hc|/etc/cups/cupsd.conf|# Administrator user group...<br />
SystemGroup sys root lp}}<br />
<br />
=== Samba/Windows support ===<br />
<br />
If you want to have access to Windows services, install [[Samba]] (package {{Pkg|samba}}).<br />
<br />
You can then configure Samba shares through:<br />
<br />
System Settings > Sharing > Samba<br />
<br />
=== KDE Desktop activities ===<br />
<br />
KDE Desktop Activities are Plasma-based virtual-desktop-like sets of Plasma Widgets where you can independently configure widgets as if you have more than one screen or desktop.<br />
<br />
On your desktop, click the Cashew Plasmoid and, on the pop-up window, press "Activities".<br />
<br />
A plasma bar presenting you the current existing Plasma Desktop Activities will appear at the bottom of the screen. You can navigate between them by pressing the correspondent icons.<br />
<br />
=== Power saving ===<br />
<br />
KDE has an integrated power saving service called "'''Powerdevil Power Management'''" that may adjust the power saving profile of the system and/or the brightness of the screen (if supported).<br />
<br />
Since KDE 4.6, CPU frequency scaling is no longer managed by KDE. Instead it is assumed to be handled automatically by the the hardware and/or kernel. Arch has used {{ic|ondemand}} as the default CPU frequency governor since kernel version 3.3, so no additional configuration in needed in most cases. For details on fine-tuning the governor, see [[CPU Frequency Scaling]].<br />
<br />
=== Monitoring changes on local files and directories ===<br />
<br />
KDE now uses '''inotify''' directly from the kernel with '''kdirwatch''' (included in kdelibs), so Gamin or FAM are no longer needed. You may want to install this {{AUR|kdirwatch}} from AUR which is a GUI frontend for kdirwatch.<br />
<br />
== System administration ==<br />
<br />
=== Set keyboard ===<br />
<br />
Navigate to:<br />
System Settings > Hardware > Input Devices > Keyboard<br />
In the first tab, you can choose your keyboard model.<br />
<br />
In the "'''Layouts'''" tab, you can choose the languages you may want to use by pressing the "Add Layout" button and subsequently choosing the variant and the language.<br />
<br />
In the "'''Advanced'''" tab, you can choose the keyboard combination you want in order to change the layouts in the "Key(s) to change layout" sub-menu.<br />
<br />
=== Terminate Xorg server through KDE system settings ===<br />
<br />
Navigate to the submenu:<br />
System Settings > Input Devices > Keyboard > Advanced (tab) > "Key Sequence to kill the X server"<br />
and tick the checkbox.<br />
<br />
=== KCM ===<br />
<br />
KCM stands for '''KC'''onfig '''M'''odule. KCMs can help you configure your system by providing interfaces in System Settings.<br />
<br />
'''Configuration for look and feel of GTK applications.'''<br />
* {{Pkg|kde-gtk-config}}<br />
* {{AUR|kcm-gtk}}<br />
* {{AUR|kcm-qt-graphicssystem}}<br />
<br />
'''Configuration for the GRUB bootloader.'''<br />
* {{AUR|grub2-editor}}<br />
* {{AUR|kcm-grub2}}<br />
<br />
'''Configuration for Synaptics touchpads.'''<br />
* {{AUR|synaptiks}}<br />
* {{AUR|kcm_touchpad}}<br />
<br />
'''Configuration for the [[Uncomplicated Firewall]] (UFW)'''<br />
* {{AUR|kcm-ufw}}<br />
<br />
'''Configuration for [[PolicyKit]]'''<br />
* {{AUR|kcm-polkit-kde-git}}<br />
<br />
'''Configuration for Wacom tablets'''<br />
* {{AUR|kcm-wacomtablet}}<br />
<br />
More KCMs can be found at [http://kde-apps.org/index.php?xcontentmode=273 kde-apps.org].<br />
<br />
== Desktop search and semantic desktop ==<br />
<br />
According to [[wikipedia:Semantic_desktop|Wikipedia]], ''"the Semantic Desktop is a collective term for ideas related to changing a computer's user interface and data handling capabilities so that data is more easily shared between different applications or tasks and so that data that once could not be automatically processed by a computer can be (automatically processed)."''<br />
<br />
The KDE implementation of this concept is tied to (as of KDE 4.10) two major pieces of software, Akonadi and Nepomuk. Between the two of them, these programs look at your data and make an easily searchable index of it. The idea behind these pieces of software is to make your system "aware" of your data and give it context using meta-data and user-supplied tags.<br />
<br />
Soprano and Virtuoso are two dependencies of the Nepomuk Semantic Desktop. Since the relationship between the two major components and their dependencies is not very clear, the following sections try to shed some light on their inner workings.<br />
<br />
=== Virtuoso and Soprano ===<br />
<br />
The database used to store all the metadata used by the semantic desktop is a ''[[wikipedia:Resource_Description_Framework|Resource Description Framework (RDF)]]'' database called Virtuoso. Internally, Virtuoso may be looked as a relational database. (A [[wikipedia:Relational_model|relational database]] is different from a traditional single-table based database in the sense that it uses multiple tables related by a single key in order to store data.) It is currently controlled by OpenLink and is available under a commercial and an open source license.<br />
<br />
From the [http://techbase.kde.org/Projects/Nepomuk/ComponentOverview#Soprano KDE Techbase], ''Soprano is a Qt abstraction over databases. It provides a friendly Qt-based API for accessing different RDF stores. It currently supports 3 database backends - Sesame, Redland and Virtuoso. The KDE Semantic Stack only works with Virtuoso. Soprano also provides additional features such as serializing, parsing RDF data, and a client server architecture that is heavily used in Nepomuk.''<br />
<br />
=== Nepomuk ===<br />
<br />
Nepomuk stands for "Networked Environment for Personal, Ontology-based Management of Unified Knowledge". It is what allows all the tagging and labeling of files as well to take place and also serves as the way to actually read the Virtuoso databases. It provides an API to application developers which allows them to read the data collected by it.<br />
<br />
In the past, the "Strigi" service was used to collect data about the various files present on the system. However, due to many reasons, the most important of them being CPU and Memory usage, Strigi was replaced by a homegrown indexing service which is integrated with Nepomuk-Core.<br />
<br />
For further information about Nepomuk, [http://techbase.kde.org/Projects/Nepomuk/ComponentOverview#Nepomuk_Components this page] is a good resource. However, some of the information in the previous page has been rendered outdated according to [http://vhanda.in/blog/2012/11/nepomuk-without-strigi/ this blog post].<br />
<br />
==== Using and configuring Nepomuk ====<br />
<br />
In order to search using Nepouk on the KDE desktop, press {{ic|ALT+F2}} and type in your query. Nepomuk is enabled by default. It can be turned on and off in:<br />
System Settings > Desktop Search<br />
<br />
Nepomuk has to keep track of a lot of files. It is for this reason that it is recommended to increase the number of files that can be watched with inotify. In order to do that this command is a good option.<br />
# sysctl fs.inotify.max_user_watches=524288<br />
<br />
To do it persistently:<br />
# echo "fs.inotify.max_user_watches = 524288" >> /etc/sysctl.d/99-inotify.conf<br />
<br />
Restart Nepomuk to see the changes.<br />
<br />
==== KDE without Nepomuk ====<br />
<br />
If you wish to run KDE without Nepomuk, there exists a {{AUR|nepomuk-core-fake}} package in the AUR.<br />
{{Warning|As of now, Dolphin depends on {{Pkg|nepomuk-widgets}} and hence will break if used with the fake Nepomuk package.}}<br />
<br />
=== Akonadi ===<br />
<br />
Akonadi is a system meant to act as a local cache for PIM data, regardless of its origin, which can be then used by other applications. This includes the user's emails, contacts, calendars, events, journals, alarms, notes, and so on. It interfaces with the Nepomuk libraries to provide searching capabilities.<br />
<br />
Akonadi does not store any data by itself: the storage format depends on the nature of the data (for example, contacts may be stored in vCard format).<br />
<br />
For more information on Akonadi and its relationship with Nepomuk, see [http://blogs.kde.org/node/4503] and [http://cmollekopf.wordpress.com/2013/02/13/kontact-nepomuk-integration-why-data-from-akonadi-is-indexed-in-nepomuk/].<br />
<br />
==== Disabling Akonadi ====<br />
<br />
See this [http://userbase.kde.org/Akonadi#Disabling_the_Akonadi_subsystem section in the KDE userbase].<br />
<br />
==== Database configuration ====<br />
<br />
Start {{ic|akonaditray}} from package {{Pkg|kdepim-runtime}}. Right click on it and select '''configure'''. In the Akonadi server configure tab, you can:<br />
* Configuring Akonadi to use MySQL/MariaDB Server<br />
* Configuring Akonadi to use PostgreSQL Server<br />
* Configuring Akonadi to use SQLite<br />
<br />
==== Running KDE without Akonadi ====<br />
<br />
The package {{AUR|akonadi-fake}} is a good option for those who wish to run KDE without Akonadi.<br />
<br />
== Phonon ==<br />
<br />
=== What is Phonon? ===<br />
<br />
From [[Wikipedia:Phonon|Wikipedia]]:<br />
''Phonon is the multimedia API for KDE 4. Phonon was created to allow KDE 4 to be independent of any single multimedia framework such as GStreamer or xine and to provide a stable API for KDE 4's lifetime. It was done for various reasons: to create a simple KDE/Qt style multimedia API, to better support native multimedia frameworks on Windows and Mac OS X, and to fix problems of frameworks becoming unmaintained or having API or ABI instability.<br />
''<br />
<br />
'''Phonon''' is being widely used within KDE, for both audio (e.g., the System notifications or KDE audio apps) and video (e.g., the Dolphin video thumbnails).<br />
<br />
=== Which backend should I choose? ===<br />
<br />
You can choose between various backends like GStreamer ({{Pkg|phonon-gstreamer}}) or VLC ({{Pkg|phonon-vlc}}), available in the [[official repositories]], and MPlayer ({{AUR|phonon-mplayer-git}}), ({{AUR|phonon-quicktime-git}}), and ({{AUR|phonon-avkode-git}}); available in the [[AUR]]. Most users will want GStreamer or VLC which have the best upstream support. Note that multiple backends can be installed at once and chosen at ''System Settings > Multimedia > Phonon > Backend''.<br />
<br />
{{Note|According to the [http://userbase.kde.org/Phonon#Backend_libraries KDE UserBase], Phonon-MPlayer is currently unmaintained}}<br />
<br />
According to [http://lists.kde.org/?l=kde-multimedia&m=137994906723790&w=2 this mail in the KDE-Multimedia mailing list], users should prefer VLC over GStreamer.<br />
<br />
== Useful applications ==<br />
<br />
The official set of KDE applications may be found [http://www.kde.org/applications/ here].<br />
<br />
=== Yakuake ===<br />
<br />
[http://yakuake.kde.org/ Yakuake] provides a Quake-like terminal emulator whose visibility is toggled by the F12 key. It also has support for multiple tabs. Yakuake is available in the package {{Pkg|yakuake}}.<br />
<br />
=== KDE Telepathy ===<br />
<br />
[http://community.kde.org/KTp KDE Telepathy] is a project with the goal to closely integrate Instant Messaging with the KDE desktop. It utilizes the Telepathy framework as a backend and is intended to replace Kopete.<br />
<br />
To install all Telepathy protocols, install the {{Grp|telepathy}} group.<br />
To use the KDE Telepathy client, install the {{Pkg|kde-telepathy-meta}} package that includes all the packages contained in the {{Grp|kde-telepathy}} group .<br />
<br />
== Tips and tricks ==<br />
<br />
=== Using Openbox in KDE ===<br />
{{tip|The native window manager for KDE is {{ic|kwin}}.}}<br />
<br />
The [[Openbox]] window manager works very well within KDE, combined with a noticable improvement in performance and responsiveness. By default, a {{ic|KDE/Openbox}} session will be made automatically available upon installing Openbox, even if the KDE environment itself has not been installed. Most popular display managers will therefore allow KDE with Openbox as the window manager to be selected as a session.<br />
<br />
To manually start KDE with Openbox as the window manager - as a default session for [[SLiM]], or where not using a display manager at all - add the following command to the [[Xinitrc]] file:<br />
<br />
exec openbox-kde-session<br />
<br />
==== When using KDM ====<br />
<br />
To use [[Openbox]] as a default windows manager when logging in with the [[KDM]] just go to Default Applications -> Window Manager -> Use a different windows manager then select Openbox within the dropdown box.<br />
<br />
<br />
==== Re-enabling compositing effects ====<br />
Where replacing the native {{ic|kwin}} window manager with Openbox, any desktop compositing effects - such a transparency - provided will also be lost. This is because Openbox itself does not provide any compositing functionality. However, it is easily possible to use a seperate compositing program to [[Openbox#Compositing_effects|re-enable compositing]].<br />
<br />
=== Integrate Android with the KDE Desktop ===<br />
<br />
Install {{AUR|kdeconnect}} from the AUR and [https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.kde.kdeconnect_tp&hl=en KDE Connect] from the Google Play store for great Android-KDE integration.<br />
<br />
=== Get notifications for software updates ===<br />
<br />
Install {{Pkg|apper}} to get notifications about package updates in your KDE system tray and a basic package manager GUI. See the [http://www.packagekit.org/index.html PackageKit website] for more information.<br />
<br />
=== Configure KWin to use OpenGL ES ===<br />
<br />
Beginning with KWin version 4.8 it is possible to use the separately built binary '''kwin_gles''' as a replacement for kwin. It behaves almost the same as the kwin executable in OpenGL2 mode with the slight difference that it uses ''egl'' instead of ''glx'' as the native platform interface. To test kwin_gles you just have to run {{ic|kwin_gles --replace}} in Konsole.<br />
If you want to make this change permanent you have to create a script in {{ic|$(kde4-config --localprefix)/env/}} which exports {{ic|1=KDEWM=kwin_gles}}.<br />
<br />
=== Enabling audio thumbnails under Konqueror/Dolphin file managers ===<br />
<br />
For thumbnails of audio files in Konqueror and Dolphin install {{AUR|audiothumbs}} from AUR.<br />
<br />
=== Enabling video thumbnails under Konqueror/Dolphin file managers ===<br />
<br />
For thumbnails of videos in konqueror and dolphin install {{Pkg|kdemultimedia-mplayerthumbs}} or {{Pkg|kdemultimedia-ffmpegthumbs}}.<br />
<br />
=== Speed up application startup ===<br />
<br />
User Rob wrote on his blog this "[http://kdemonkey.blogspot.nl/2008/04/magic-trick.html magic trick]" to improve application start-up time by 50-150ms.<br />
To enable it, create this folder in your home:<br />
$ mkdir -p ~/.compose-cache/<br />
<br />
{{Note|For those curious about what is going on here, this enables an optimization which Lubos (of general KDE speediness fame) came up with some time ago and was then rewritten and integrated into libx11. Ordinarily, on startup, applications read input method information from {{ic|/usr/share/X11/locale/''your locale''/Compose}}. This file is quite long (>5000 lines for the en_US.UTF-8 one) and takes some time to process. libX11 can create a cache of the parsed information which is much quicker to read subsequently, but it will only re-use an existing cache or create a new one in {{ic|~/.compose-cache}} if the directory already exists.}}<br />
<br />
=== Hiding partitions ===<br />
<br />
In Dolphin, it is as simple as right-clicking on the partition in the {{ic|Places}} sidebar and selecting {{ic|Hide ''partition''}}. Otherwise...<br />
<br />
If you wish to prevent your internal partitions from appearing in your file manager, you can create an udev rule, e.g:<br />
<br />
{{hc|/etc/udev/rules.d/10-local.rules|2=<br />
KERNEL=="sda[0-9]", ENV{UDISKS_IGNORE}="1"<br />
}}<br />
<br />
The same thing for a certain partition:<br />
<br />
KERNEL=="sda1", ENV{UDISKS_IGNORE}="1"<br />
KERNEL=="sda2", ENV{UDISKS_IGNORE}="1"<br />
<br />
=== Konqueror tips ===<br />
<br />
==== Disabling smart key tooltips (browser) ====<br />
<br />
To disable those smart key tooltips in Konqueror (pressing {{ic|Ctrl}} on a web page), use ''Settings > Configure Konqueror > Web Browsing'' and uncheck ''Enable Access Key activation with Ctrl key'' o<br />
<br />
{{hc|~/.kde4/share/config/konquerorrc|2=<br />
[Access Keys]<br />
Enabled=false<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==== Using WebKit ====<br />
<br />
WebKit is an open source browser engine developed by Apple Inc. It is a derivative from the KHTML and KJS libraries and contains many improvements. WebKit is used by Safari, Google Chrome and rekonq.<br />
<br />
It is possible to use WebKit in Konqueror instead of KHTML. First install the {{Pkg|kwebkitpart}} package.<br />
<br />
Then, after executing Konqueror, navigate to ''Settings > Configure Konqueror > General > Default web browser engine'' and set it as {{ic|WebKit}}.<br />
<br />
=== Firefox integration ===<br />
<br />
See [[Firefox#KDE_integration|Firefox]].<br />
<br />
=== Setting the screensaver background to the same as the current one ===<br />
<br />
Kscreensaver's background can be changed from the default.<br />
<br />
KDE by default is [https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=312828 not able] to change this for the 'Simple Lock', but a [http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-kde/2013-02/msg00082.html workaround] [http://forum.kde.org/viewtopic.php?f=66&t=110039 exists]:<br />
<br />
{{hc|/usr/share/apps/ksmserver/screenlocker/org.kde.passworddialog/contents/ui/|<br />
[...]<br />
''#source: theme.wallpaperPathForSize(parent.width, parent.height)''<br />
source: "1920x1080.jpg"<br />
[...]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
Now you copy your current background image to {{ic|"1920x1080.jpg"}}.<br />
<br />
Note you have to redo this for each update of the package {{Pkg|kdebase-workspace}}.<br />
<br />
=== Setting lockscreen wallpaper to arbitrary image ===<br />
<br />
Copy an existing wallpaper profile as a template:<br />
$ cp -r /usr/share/wallpapers/''ExistingWallpaper'' ~/.kde4/share/wallpapers/<br />
<br />
Change the name of the directory, and edit {{ic|metadata.desktop}}:<br />
<br />
{{hc|~/.kde4/share/wallpapers/''MyWallpaper''/metadata.desktop|2=<br />
[Desktop Entry]<br />
Name=MyWallpaper<br />
X-KDE-PluginInfo-Name=MyWallpaper<br />
}}<br />
<br />
Remove existing images ({{ic|contents/screenshot.png}} and {{ic|images/*}}):<br />
$ rm ~/.kde4/share/wallpapers/MyWallpaper/contents/screenshot.png<br />
$ rm ~/.kde4/share/wallpapers/MyWallpaper/contents/images/*<br />
<br />
Copy new image in:<br />
$ cp ''path/to/MyWallpaper.png'' MyWallpaper/contents/images/1920x1080.png<br />
<br />
Edit the metadata profile for the current theme:<br />
{{hc|~/.kde4/share/apps/desktoptheme/MyTheme/metadata.desktop|2=<br />
[Wallpaper]<br />
defaultWallpaperTheme=NewWallpaper<br />
defaultFileSuffix=.png<br />
defaultWidth=1920<br />
defaultHeight=1080<br />
}}<br />
<br />
Lock the screen to check that it worked.<br />
<br />
{{Note|This method sets the lockscreen background without changing any system-wide settings. For a system-wide change, create the new wallpaper profile in {{ic|/usr/share/wallpapers}}.}}<br />
<br />
== Troubleshooting ==<br />
<br />
=== Configuration related ===<br />
<br />
Many issues in KDE are related to configuration. One way to resolve upgrade problems is to start over with a fresh KDE config.<br />
<br />
==== Reset all KDE configuration ====<br />
<br />
To test whether your config is the problem try quitting your KDE session by logging out and, in a tty, run<br />
$ cp ~/.kde4 ~/.kde4.safekeeping<br />
$ rm .kde4/{cache,socket,tmp}-$(hostname)<br />
<br />
The ''rm'' command just removes symbolic links which will be recreated by KDE automatically. Now start a new KDE session to see the results.<br />
<br />
If the problem is resolved, you will have a fresh, problem-free {{ic|~/.kde4/}}. You can gradually move parts of your saved configuration back, restarting your session regularly to test, to identify the problematic parts of your config. Some files here are named after applications so you will probably be able to test these without needing to restart KDE.<br />
<br />
==== File Indexer Service not working even after enabling everything properly ====<br />
<br />
This is caused due to a corrupted Nepomuk database. It may be remedied by moving the database or deleting it all together. Log out of KDE and issue this command from a virtual console:<br />
<br />
$ mv ~/.kde4/share/apps/nepomuk ~/.kde4/share/apps/nepomuk_backup<br />
<br />
to move your existing (and corrupt) nepomuk database. It will be recreated when you log in again.<br />
<br />
==== Plasma desktop behaves strangely ====<br />
<br />
Plasma issues are usually caused by unstable '''plasmoids''' or '''plasma themes'''. First, find which was the last plasmoid or plasma theme you had installed and disable it or uninstall it.<br />
<br />
So, if your desktop suddenly exhibits "locking up", this is likely caused by a faulty installed widget. If you cannot remember which widget you installed before the problem began (sometimes it can be an irregular problem), try to track it down by removing each widget until the problem ceases. Then you can uninstall the widget, and file a bug report (bugs.kde.org) '''only if it is an official widget'''. If it is not, it is recommended you find the entry on kde-look.org and inform the developer of that widget about the issue (detailing steps to reproduce, etc).<br />
<br />
If you cannot find the problem, but you do not want ''all'' the KDE settings to be lost, do:<br />
<br />
$ rm -r ~/.kde4/share/config/plasma*<br />
<br />
This command will '''delete all plasma related configs''' of your user and when you will relogin into KDE, you will have the '''default''' settings back. You should know that this action '''cannot be undone'''. You should create a backup folder and copy all the plasma related configs in it.<br />
<br />
==== Clean cache to resolve upgrade problems ====<br />
<br />
The [https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=135301 problem] may be caused by old cache. Sometimes after an upgrade, the old cache might introduce strange, hard to debug behaviour such as unkillable shells, hangs when changing various settings and several other problems such as ark being unable to unrar or unzip or amarok not recognizing any of your musics. This solution can also resolve problems with KDE and QT programmes looking bad following upgrade.<br />
<br />
Rebuild your cache with the following commands:<br />
<br />
$ rm ~/.config/Trolltech.conf<br />
$ kbuildsycoca4 --noincremental<br />
<br />
Hopefully, your problems are now fixed.<br />
<br />
=== Clean akonadi configuration to fix KMail ===<br />
<br />
First, make sure that KMail is not running. Then backup configuration:<br />
$ mv ~/.local/share/akonadi ~/.local/share/akonadi-old<br />
$ mv ~/.config/akonadi ~/.config/akonadi-old<br />
<br />
Start ''SystemSettings > Personal'' and remove all the resources. Go back to Dolphin and remove the original {{ic|~/.local/share/akonadi}} and<br />
{{ic|~/.config/akonadi}} - the copies you made ensure that you can back-track if necessary.<br />
<br />
Now go back to the System Settings page and carefully add the necessary resources. You should see the resource reading in your mail folders. Then start Kontact/KMail to see if it work properly.<br />
<br />
=== Getting current state of KWin for support and debug purposes ===<br />
<br />
This command prints out a wonderful summary of the current state of KWin including used options, used compositing backend and relevant OpenGL driver capabilities. See more on [http://blog.martin-graesslin.com/blog/2012/03/on-getting-help-for-kwin-and-helping-kwin/ Martin's blog].<br />
<br />
$ qdbus org.kde.kwin /KWin supportInformation<br />
<br />
=== KDE4 does not finish loading ===<br />
<br />
There might be a situation in which the graphic driver might create a conflict when starting KDE4. This situation happens after the login but before finishing loading the desktop, making the user wait indefinitely at the loading screen. Until now the only users confirmed to be affected by this are the ones that use [[NVIDIA|Nvidia drivers]] and KDE4.<br />
<br />
A solution for Nvidia users:<br />
<br />
{{hc|~/.kde4/share/config/kwinrc|2=<br />
[Compositing]<br />
Enabled=false<br />
}}<br />
For more information, see [https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=932598 this] thread.<br />
<br />
If a minimal install was done, make sure you installed the required font by your phonon backend listed here: [[#Minimal install]]<br />
<br />
=== KDE and Qt programs look bad when in a different window manager ===<br />
<br />
If you are using KDE or Qt programs but not in a full KDE session (specifically, you did not run {{ic|startkde}}), then as of KDE 4.6.1 you will need to tell Qt how to find KDE's styles (Oxygen, QtCurve etc.)<br />
<br />
You just need to set the environment variable {{ic|QT_PLUGIN_PATH}}. E.g. put:<br />
<br />
export QT_PLUGIN_PATH=$HOME/.kde4/lib/kde4/plugins/:/usr/lib/kde4/plugins/<br />
<br />
into your {{ic|/etc/profile}} (or {{ic|~/.profile}} if you do not have root access). qtconfig should then be able to find your KDE styles and everything should look nice again!<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can symlink the Qt styles directory to the KDE styles one:<br />
# ln -s /usr/lib/kde4/plugins/styles/ /usr/lib/qt/plugins/styles<br />
<br />
Under Gnome you can try to install the package libgnomeui.<br />
<br />
=== Graphical related issues ===<br />
<br />
==== Low 2D desktop performance (or) artifacts appear when on 2D ====<br />
<br />
===== GPU driver problem =====<br />
<br />
Make sure you have the proper driver for your card installed, so that your desktop is at least 2D accelerated. Follow these articles for more information: [[ATI]], [[NVIDIA]], [[Intel]] for more information, in order to make sure that everything is all right.<br />
The open-source ATI and Intel drivers and the proprietary (binary) Nvidia driver should theoretically provide the best 2D and 3D acceleration.<br />
<br />
===== The Raster engine workaround =====<br />
<br />
If this does not solve your problems, your driver may not provide a good '''XRender''' acceleration which the current Qt painter engine relies on by default.<br />
<br />
You can change the painter engine to software based only by invoking the application with the {{ic|-graphicssystem raster}} command line. This rendering engine can be set as the default one by recompiling Qt with the same as configure option, {{ic|-graphicssystem raster}}.<br />
<br />
The raster paint engine enables the CPU to do the majority of the painting, as opposed to the GPU. You may get better performance, depending on your system. This is basically a work-around for the terrible Linux driver stack, since the CPU should obviously not be doing graphical computations since it is designed for fewer threads of greater complexity, as opposed to the GPU which is many threads but lesser computational strength. So, only use Raster engine if you are having problems or your GPU is much slower than you CPU, otherwise is better to use XRender.<br />
<br />
Since Qt 4.7+, recompiling Qt is not needed. Simply export {{ic|1=QT_GRAPHICSSYSTEM=raster}}, or {{ic|opengl}}, or {{ic|native}} (for the default). Raster depends on the CPU, OpenGL depends on the GPU and high driver support, and Native is just using the X11 rendering (mixture, usually).<br />
<br />
'''The best and automatic way to do that''' is to install {{AUR|kcm-qt-graphicssystem}} from AUR and configure this particular Qt setting through:<br />
<br />
System Settings > Qt Graphics System<br />
<br />
For more information, consult this [http://apachelog.wordpress.com/2010/09/05/qt-graphics-system-kcm/ KDE Developer blog entry] and/or this [http://labs.trolltech.com/blogs/2009/12/18/qt-graphics-and-performance-the-raster-engine/ Qt Developer blog entry].<br />
<br />
==== Low 3D desktop performance====<br />
<br />
KDE begins with desktop effects enabled. Older cards may be insufficient for 3D desktop acceleration. You can disable desktop effects in:<br />
System Settings > Desktop Effects<br />
and you can toggle desktop effects with {{ic|Alt+Shift+F12}}.<br />
<br />
{{Note| You may encounter such problems with 3D desktop performance even when using a more powerful graphics card, especially the catalyst proprietary driver ({{ic|fglrx}}). This driver is known for having issues with 3D acceleration. Visit [[ATI|the ATI Wiki page]] for more troubleshooting.}}<br />
<br />
==== Desktop compositing is disabled on my system with a modern Nvidia GPU ====<br />
<br />
Sometimes, KWin may have settings in its configuration file ({{ic|kwinrc}}) that ''may'' cause a problem on re-activating the 3D desktop {{ic|OpenGL}} compositing. That could be caused randomly (for example, due to a sudden Xorg crash or restart, and it gets corrupted), so, in case that happens, delete your {{ic|~/.kde4/share/config/kwinrc}} file and relogin. The KWin settings will turn to the KDE default ones and the problem should be probably gone.<br />
<br />
==== Flickering in fullscreen when compositing is enabled ====<br />
<br />
As of KDE SC 4.6.0, there is an option in ''Sytem Settings > Desktop Effect > Advanced > Suspend desktop effects for fullscreen windows''. Uncheck it would tell kwin to disable unredirect fullscren.<br />
<br />
==== Screen Tearing with desktop compositing enabled ====<br />
<br />
{{Note|With the recent update of KDE to 4.11, several new Vsync options have been added, which may help with screen tearing.}}<br />
<br />
KWin may suffer from screen tearing while desktop effects are enabled. Uncheck the VSync option under ''System Settings > Desktop Effects > Advanced > Use Vsync''.<br />
<br />
For proprietary driver users, ensure that the driver's VSync option is enabled ({{ic|amdccle}} for [[Catalyst]] users, and nvidia-settings for [[NVIDIA]] users).<br />
<br />
==== Display settings lost on reboot (multiple monitors) ====<br />
Installing {{Pkg|kscreen}} might fix the problem unless your screens share the same EDID. Kscreen is the improved screen management software for KDE, more information can be found [https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/KScreen?rd=Features/KScreen here].<br />
<br />
=== Sound problems under KDE ===<br />
<br />
==== ALSA related problems ====<br />
<br />
{{Note|First make sure you have {{Pkg|alsa-lib}} and {{Pkg|alsa-utils}} installed.}}<br />
<br />
===== "Falling back to default" messages when trying to listen to any sound in KDE =====<br />
<br />
When you encounter such messages:<br />
The audio playback device ''name_of_the_sound_device'' does not work.<br />
Falling back to default<br />
Go to:<br />
System Settings > Multimedia > Phonon<br />
and set the device named {{ic|default}} above all the other devices in each box you see.<br />
<br />
===== MP3 files cannot be played when using the GStreamer Phonon backend =====<br />
<br />
This can be solved by installing the GStreamer plugins (package group {{Grp|gstreamer0.10-plugins}}). If you still encounter problems, you can try changing the Phonon backend used by installing another such as {{Pkg|phonon-vlc}}.<br />
Then, make sure the backend is preferred via:<br />
<br />
System Settings > Multimedia > Phonon > Backend (tab)<br />
<br />
=== Konsole does not save commands' history ===<br />
<br />
By default console command history is saved only when you type 'exit' in console. When you close Konsole with 'x' in the corner it does not happen.<br />
To enable autosaving after every command execution:<br />
<br />
{{hc|~/.bashrc|<nowiki><br />
shopt -s histappend<br />
[[ "${PROMPT_COMMAND}" ]] && PROMPT_COMMAND="$PROMPT_COMMAND;history -a" || PROMPT_COMMAND="history -a"<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
=== KDE password prompts display three bullets per char ===<br />
<br />
This setting can be changed at ''System Settings > Account Details > Password & User Account'':<br />
* Show one bullet for each letter<br />
* Show three bullets for each letter<br />
* Show nothing<br />
<br />
=== Nepomukserver process still autostarts even with semantic desktop disabled ===<br />
<br />
Go to ''System Settings > Startup and Shutdown > Service Manager > Startup Services'' and uncheck the Nepomuk Search Module.<br />
<br />
=== Dolphin and File Dialogs are extremely slow to start ===<br />
<br />
This may be caused by the upower service. If the upower service is not needed on your system, it can be disabled:<br />
<br />
# systemctl disable upower<br />
# systemctl mask upower<br />
<br />
Obviously this will not have any side effect on a desktop system.<br />
<br />
=== Default PDF viewer in GTK applications under KDE ===<br />
<br />
In some cases when you have installed [[Inkscape]], [[Gimp]] or other graphic programs, GTK applications ([[Firefox]] among all) might not select Okular as the default PDF application, and they are not going to follow the KDE settings on default applications. You can use the following user command to make Okular the default application again.<br />
<br />
$ xdg-mime default kde4-okularApplication_pdf.desktop application/pdf<br />
<br />
If you are using a different PDF viewer application, or a different mime-type is misbehaving, you should change {{ic|kde4-okularApplication_pdf.desktop}} and {{ic|application/pdf}} respectively according to your needs.<br />
<br />
For more information, consult [[Default Applications]] wiki page.<br />
<br />
== Unstable releases ==<br />
<br />
When KDE is reaching beta or RC milestone, KDE "unstable" packages are uploaded to the [kde-unstable] repository. They stay there until KDE is declared stable and passes to [extra].<br />
<br />
You can add [kde-unstable] with:<br />
<br />
{{hc|/etc/pacman.conf|2=<br />
[kde-unstable]<br />
Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist<br />
}}<br />
<br />
# [kde-unstable] is based upon testing. Therefore, you need to enable the repositories in the following order: [kde-unstable], [testing], [core], [extra], [community-testing], [community].<br />
# To update from a previous KDE installation, run: {{ic|# pacman -Syu}} or {{ic|# pacman -S kde-unstable/kde}}<br />
# If you do not have KDE installed, you might have difficulties to install it by using groups (limitation of pacman)<br />
# '''Subscribe and read the [https://mailman.archlinux.org/pipermail/arch-dev-public/ arch-dev-public] mailing list'''<br />
# Make sure [[#Distro_and_Upstream_bug_report|you make bug reports]] if you find any issues.<br />
<br />
== Other KDE projects ==<br />
<br />
=== Trinity ===<br />
<br />
From the release of KDE 4.x, the developers dropped support for KDE 3.5.x. Trinity Desktop Environment is a fork of KDE3 developed by Timothy Pearson ([http://trinitydesktop.org/ trinitydesktop.org]). This project aims to keep the KDE3.5 computing style alive, as well as polish off any rough edges that were present as of KDE 3.5.10. See [[Trinity]] for more info.<br />
<br />
{{Warning|KDE 3 is no longer maintained and supported by the KDE developers. The "Trinity KDE" is maintained by the Trinity project commmunity. Use KDE 3 on your own risk, regarding any bugs, performance issues or security risks.}}<br />
<br />
== Bugs ==<br />
<br />
It is preferrable that if you find a minor or serious bug, you should visit [https://bugs.archlinux.org the Arch Bug Tracker] or/and [http://bugs.kde.org KDE Bug Tracker] in order to report that. Make sure that you are clear about what you want to report.<br />
<br />
If you have any issue and you write about in on the Arch forums, first make sure that you have '''fully''' updated your system using a good sync mirror (check [https://www.archlinux.de/?page=MirrorStatus here]) or try [[Reflector]].<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.kde.org] - KDE homepage<br />
* [https://bugs.kde.org] - KDE bug tracker<br />
* [https://bugs.archlinux.org] - Arch Linux bug tracker<br />
* [https://projects.kde.org] - KDE Projects</div>Macleod2486