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https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux_(Bahasa_Indonesia)&diff=60664
Arch Linux (Bahasa Indonesia)
2009-02-08T09:56:33Z
<p>Ordinareez: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Tentang Arch (Indonesia)]]<br />
[[Category:Umum (Indonesia)]]<br />
[[Category:Bahasa Indonesia]]<br />
{{Arch Linux i18n Links}}<br />
<br />
== Apakah Arch Linux? ==<br />
Arch Linux (atau Arch) adalah sebuah distro i686/x86-64 yang dikembangkan secara independen berdasarkan model paket rolling-release. Pendekatan desain pengembang distro ini berfokus pada minimalisme, keanggunan kode, kebenaran program dan modernitas. Versi 0.1 (Homer) telah dirilis pada 11 Maret 2002.<br />
<br />
== Kelebihan ==<br />
Arch menyajikan lingkungan instalasi yang sederhana (tanpa GUI), dikompilasi untuk arsitektur i686/x86-64. Arch itu ringan, fleksibel, dan simpel. Desain filosofinya dan implementasinya membuatnya mudah untuk dikembangkan and dibentuk menjadi sistem apapun yang Anda buat--dari konsol minimalis hingga desktop mewah yang kaya fitur. Daripada nantinya harus membuang paket-paket yang tidak diinginkan. Arch menyediakan power user kemampuan untuk membangun sistem dari dasar tampa konfigurasi apapun. <br />
<br />
== Manajemen Paket yang Unik ==<br />
Arch menggunakan sistem paket binary yang mudah digunakan - [[pacman]] - yang mengizinkan anda untuk mengupgrade sistem dengan satu perintah. Pacman dibangun dengan bahasa '''C''' dan didesain untuk ringan dari bawah hingga ke ujung atas untuk menjadi ringan, simple, dan sangat cepat. Arch juga menyediakan sistem pemaketan yang ports-like ([[ABS - The Arch Build System|Arch Build System]]) untuk memudahkan membuat paket dan menginstal paket dari kode sumber, dan bisa disinkronisasikan dengan satu perintah. Bahkan anda juga dapat membangun kembali sistem anda dengan satu perintah. Semuanya dilakukan dengan sangat mudah dan transparan.<br />
Model rolling release memungkinkan satu kali instalasi kemudian upgrade berkesinambungan, tanpa pernah harus melakukan instalasi ulang atau upgrade besar-besaran dari satu versi ke berikutnya.<br />
<br />
== Modernitas==<br />
Arch Linux berusaha untuk menyediakan versi stabil terbaru dari perangkat lunak berdasarkan sistem rolling-release. Saat ini kami mendukung set paket core untuk sistem dasar i686 dan x86-64, ribuan tambahan, paket binary berkualitads tinggi dari pengembang dan repositori pengguna, serta ribuan script PKGBUILD untuk membangun dan memaketkan dari kode sumber. Arch menyediakan software vanilla, non-patched; paket-paket yang ditawarkan adalah murni dari upstream, sebagaimana awalnya itu ditujukan untuk didistribusikan. Patch hanya terjadi dalam berberapa kasus, untuk mencegah kerusakan parah. Contohnya ketidakcocokan versi yang mungkin terjadi dalam model rolling release.<br />
Arch juga menyediakan fitur-fitur baru yang tersedia untuk pengguna GNU/Linux, termasuk filesystem modern (Ext2/3/4, Reiser, XFS, JFS), LVM2/EVMS, software RAID, dukungan udev dan initcpio, serta kernel terbaru.<br />
<br />
== Simple ==<br />
[[The Arch Way]] adalah filosofi yang bertujuan untuk tetap simple. Sistem dasat Arch Linux sangatlah minimal, lingkungan GNU/Linux yang fungsional; kernel Linux, GNU toolchain, dan berberapa utiliti seperti '''links''' dan '''Vi'''. Titik awal yang bersih dan simple ini adalah dasar yang baik untuk selanjutnya dikembangkan sesuai kemauan pengguna<br />
<br />
Sistem init milik Arch terinspirasi dari BSD yang mengatur init dari sebuah file, (etc/rc.conf), dibandingkan struktur direktori rumit yang berisi banyak symlink untuk setiap runlevel.<br />
<br />
Konfigurasi sitem dapat dilakukan dengan mengubah file-file teks sederhana.<br />
<br />
== Lebih Jauh ==<br />
Homepage Arch berada di http://www.archlinux.org/ dimana anda bia menemukan tautan ke forum pengguna, dokumnetasi resmi, dan segalanya tentang Arch.<br />
Anda juga dapat membaca [[The Arch Way]] untuk lebih dalamnya tentang Arch.</div>
Ordinareez
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux_(Bahasa_Indonesia)&diff=60662
Arch Linux (Bahasa Indonesia)
2009-02-08T08:24:40Z
<p>Ordinareez: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Tentang Arch (Indonesia)]]<br />
[[Category:Umum (Indonesia)]]<br />
{{Arch Linux i18n Links}}<br />
<br />
== Apakah Arch Linux? ==<br />
Arch Linux (atau Arch) adalah sebuah distro i686/x86-64 yang dikembangkan secara independen berdasarkan model paket rolling-release. Pendekatan desain pengembang distro ini berfokus pada minimalisme, keanggunan kode, kebenaran program dan modernitas. Versi 0.1 (Homer) telah dirilis pada 11 Maret 2002.<br />
<br />
== Kelebihan ==<br />
Arch menyajikan lingkungan instalasi yang sederhana (tanpa GUI), dikompilasi untuk arsitektur i686/x86-64. Arch itu ringan, fleksibel, dan simpel. Desain filosofinya dan implementasinya membuatnya mudah untuk dikembangkan and dibentuk menjadi sistem apapun yang Anda buat--dari konsol minimalis hingga desktop mewah yang kaya fitur. Daripada nantinya harus membuang paket-paket yang tidak diinginkan. Arch menyediakan power user kemampuan untuk membangun sistem dari dasar tampa konfigurasi apapun. <br />
<br />
== Manajemen Paket yang Unik ==<br />
Arch menggunakan sistem paket binary yang mudah digunakan - [[pacman]] - yang mengizinkan anda untuk mengupgrade sistem dengan satu perintah. Pacman dibangun dengan bahasa '''C''' dan didesain untuk ringan dari bawah hingga ke ujung atas untuk menjadi ringan, simple, dan sangat cepat. Arch juga menyediakan sistem pemaketan yang ports-like ([[ABS - The Arch Build System|Arch Build System]]) untuk memudahkan membuat paket dan menginstal paket dari kode sumber, dan bisa disinkronisasikan dengan satu perintah. Bahkan anda juga dapat membangun kembali sistem anda dengan satu perintah. Semuanya dilakukan dengan sangat mudah dan transparan.<br />
Model rolling release memungkinkan satu kali instalasi kemudian upgrade berkesinambungan, tanpa pernah harus melakukan instalasi ulang atau upgrade besar-besaran dari satu versi ke berikutnya.<br />
<br />
== Modernitas==<br />
Arch Linux berusaha untuk menyediakan versi stabil terbaru dari perangkat lunak berdasarkan sistem rolling-release. Saat ini kami mendukung set paket core untuk sistem dasar i686 dan x86-64, ribuan tambahan, paket binary berkualitads tinggi dari pengembang dan repositori pengguna, serta ribuan script PKGBUILD untuk membangun dan memaketkan dari kode sumber. Arch menyediakan software vanilla, non-patched; paket-paket yang ditawarkan adalah murni dari upstream, sebagaimana awalnya itu ditujukan untuk didistribusikan. Patch hanya terjadi dalam berberapa kasus, untuk mencegah kerusakan parah. Contohnya ketidakcocokan versi yang mungkin terjadi dalam model rolling release.<br />
Arch juga menyediakan fitur-fitur baru yang tersedia untuk pengguna GNU/Linux, termasuk filesystem modern (Ext2/3/4, Reiser, XFS, JFS), LVM2/EVMS, software RAID, dukungan udev dan initcpio, serta kernel terbaru.<br />
<br />
== Simple ==<br />
[[The Arch Way]] adalah filosofi yang bertujuan untuk tetap simple. Sistem dasat Arch Linux sangatlah minimal, lingkungan GNU/Linux yang fungsional; kernel Linux, GNU toolchain, dan berberapa utiliti seperti '''links''' dan '''Vi'''. Titik awal yang bersih dan simple ini adalah dasar yang baik untuk selanjutnya dikembangkan sesuai kemauan pengguna<br />
<br />
Sistem init milik Arch terinspirasi dari BSD yang mengatur init dari sebuah file, (etc/rc.conf), dibandingkan struktur direktori rumit yang berisi banyak symlink untuk setiap runlevel.<br />
<br />
Konfigurasi sitem dapat dilakukan dengan mengubah file-file teks sederhana.<br />
<br />
== Lebih Jauh ==<br />
Homepage Arch berada di http://www.archlinux.org/ dimana anda bia menemukan tautan ke forum pengguna, dokumnetasi resmi, dan segalanya tentang Arch.<br />
Anda juga dapat membaca [[The Arch Way]] untuk lebih dalamnya tentang Arch.</div>
Ordinareez
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux_(Bahasa_Indonesia)&diff=60612
Arch Linux (Bahasa Indonesia)
2009-02-08T04:57:04Z
<p>Ordinareez: New page: Category:Tentang Arch (Indonesia) Category:Umum (Indonesia) {{Arch Linux i18n Links}} == Apakah Arch Linux? == Arch Linux is an independently developed i686/x86-64 community dist...</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Tentang Arch (Indonesia)]]<br />
[[Category:Umum (Indonesia)]]<br />
{{Arch Linux i18n Links}}<br />
<br />
== Apakah Arch Linux? ==<br />
<br />
Arch Linux is an independently developed i686/x86-64 community distribution, based on a rolling-release package model and targeted at competent GNU/Linux users. Development focuses on a balance of minimalism, elegance, code correctness and modernity. Versi 0.1 (Homer) telah dirilis pada 11 Maret 2002.<br />
<br />
== Advantages ==<br />
<br />
Arch provides a minimal environment upon installation, (no GUI), dikompilasi untuk arsitektur i686/x86-64. Arch itu ringan, fleksibel, dan simpel. Desain filosofinya dan implementasinya membuatnya mudah untuk dikembangkan and dibentuk menjadi sistem apapun yang Anda buat--dari minimalist console machine sampai most grandiose and feature rich desktop environments available. Daripada nantinya harus membuang paket-paket yang tidak diinginkan. Arch menyediakan power user kemampuan untuk membangun sistem dari dasar tampa konfigurasi apapun. <br />
<br />
== Manajemen Paket yang Unik ==<br />
Arch is backed by an easy-to-use binary package system - [[pacman]] - that allows you to upgrade your entire system with one command. Pacman is coded in '''C''' and designed from the ground up to be lightweight, simple and very fast. Arch also provides a ports-like package build system ([[ABS - The Arch Build System|Arch Build System]]) to make it easy to build and install packages from source, which can also be synchronized with one command. You can even rebuild your entire system with one command. Everything is done quite simply and transparently.<br />
The rolling release model allows one-time installation and continuous seamless upgrades, without ever having to reinstall or perform elaborate system upgrades from one version to the next.<br />
<br />
== Modernitas==<br />
Arch Linux strives to maintain the latest stable version of its software, based on a rolling-release system. We currently support a streamlined core package set for the minimal i686 and x86-64 base systems, thousands of additional, high-quality binary packages among both developer and user maintained repositories, and many thousands of PKGBUILD scripts, for building and packaging from source. Arch provides non-patched, vanilla software; packages are offered from pure upstream sources, how the author originally intended it be distributed. Patching only occurs in extremely rare cases, to prevent severe breakage in the instance of version mismatches that may occur within a rolling release model.<br />
Arch incorporates many of the newer features available to GNU/Linux users, including modern filesystems (Ext2/3/4, Reiser, XFS, JFS), LVM2/EVMS, software RAID, udev support and initcpio, as well as the latest available kernels.<br />
<br />
== Simplicity ==<br />
[[The Arch Way]] is a philosophy aimed at keeping it simple. The Arch Linux base system is quite simply the minimal, yet functional GNU/Linux environment; the Linux kernel, GNU toolchain, and a handful of optional, extra command line utilities like '''links''' and '''Vi'''. This clean and simple starting point provides a rock solid base for expanding the system into whatever the user requires.<br />
<br />
Arch's simple init system is heavily inspired by the *BSD way of incorporating calls from a ''single file'', (etc/rc.conf), rather than a convoluted directory structure containing dozens of symlinks for each runlevel.<br />
<br />
System configuration is achieved through editing simple text files.<br />
<br />
== Further Reading ==<br />
<br />
Arch's home page is at http://www.archlinux.org/ where you can also find links to the user forums, official documentation, and everything else that is Arch. You can also read [[The Arch Way]] for a bit more insight in case you missed it here.</div>
Ordinareez
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Beginners%27_guide_(Indonesia)&diff=59092
Beginners' guide (Indonesia)
2009-01-24T16:37:57Z
<p>Ordinareez: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category: Mendapatkan dan Instalasi Arch (Indonesia)]]<br />
[[Category:Tentang Arch (Indonesia)]]<br />
[[Category:HOWTOs (Indonesia)]]<br />
{{translateme}}<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|Beginners Guide}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Česky|Průvodce začátečníka (Česky)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Italiano|Beginners Guide (Italiano)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Lietuviškai|Pradedančiųjų gidas (Lietuviškai)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Indonesia|Beginners Guide (Indonesia)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
==Pendahuluan==<br />
=====Segala hal yang ingin kamu tanyakan tentang instalasi Arch, tapi takut untuk menanyakan.=====<br />
Dokumen ini akan membimbing kamu dalam menginstalasi dan mengkonfigurasi ArchLinux. Walau petunjuk ini ditujuakan untuk membimbing kamu mendapatkan sistem Arch yang terkonfigurasi seluruhnya (desktop environment, menonton DVD/Video, mendengarkan musik, Internet, mail) namun tidak berisi semua pilihan yang dapat kamu gunakan untuk mengerjakan hal tersebut. Petunjuk ini difokuskan pada beberapa langkah-langkah penting/dasar saja; jika kamu ingin bahasan yang lebih dalam kamu bisa mengunjungi [[Main Page|Arch Linux Wiki]] atau [http://bbs.archlinux.org/ Arch Linux Forums]. Kamu juga bisa membaca [[The Arch Way]] untuk mengetahui prinsip-prinsip dasar ArchLinux.<br />
<br />
=====DON'T PANIC!=====<br />
Harap disadari bahwa instalasi ArchLinux mungkin sangat berbeda dengan distro lain yang pernah kamu coba, khususnya bagi pemula. Sistem ArchLinux dibangun oleh '''pengguna''', dari installer, sampai ''base system'' dengan hanya menggunakan shell bash dan beberapa tools dasar sistem saja. dari ''command line'', kamu dapat menambahkan paket dari ''Arch repositories'' menggunakan [[pacman]] melalui sambungan internet, sampai sistem kamu sesuai dengan kebutuhan/kegininan. Dengan hal ini kamu akan mendapatkan sistem yang fleksibel, sesuai pilihan dan dapat kamu kendalikan karena '''kamu''' sendiri yang membangunnya, kamu akan mengetahui apa yang ada di dalam sistem kamu.<br />
<br />
Jika kamu merasa ada yang kurang dari wiki ini silahkan ditambahkan, atau kamu bisa juga mengunjungi forum Arch ini [http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?t=29055 yang ditujukan untuk pemula. <br />
<br />
Selamat datang di Arch! Mari kita mulai :)<br />
<br />
==Dapatkan ISO terbaru==<br />
<br />
Kamu dapat mengunduh rilis Arch resmi terbaru dari [http://www.archlinux.org/download/ www.archlinux.org/download/].<br />
<br />
Sangat direkomendasikan untuk memilih '''base-CD''', untuk beberapa alasan.<br />
<br />
# Waktu/bandwidth yang dibutuhkan lebih sedikit untuk kamu dan server,<br />
# Paket di versi full mungkin nantinya akan ada yang konflik ketika kamu melakukan update.<br />
# Base system lebih mudah dan cepat untuk up-to-date, dan,<br />
# Petunjuk ini lebih ditujukan untuk installasi dari base-CD. <br />
<br />
==Instalasi base system ==<br />
<br />
Selain petunjuk ini, kamu dapat juga dapat menggunakan petunjuk resmi ini [[Official Arch Linux Install Guide]] atau [http://www.archlinux.org/static/docs/arch-install-guide.html versi yang dapat di print] juga tersedia.<br />
<br />
===Boot CD Arch Linux===<br />
<br />
Masukkan CD dan boot dari CD-ROM, kamu mungkin perlu mengganti urutan boot pada bios komputer kamu (biasanya dengan menekan F11 atau F12).<br />
<br />
Beberapa pilihan pada saat booting ArchLinux CD yang dapat kamu gunakan:<br />
* ide-legacy jika IDE drive kamu bermasalah.<br />
* noapic acpi=off pci=routeirq nosmp jika sistem kamu hangs ketika boot.<br />
* memtest86+ if jika kamu ingin memeriksa memorimu.<br />
<br />
Pilih "Arch Linux Installation / Rescue System". Jika kamu ingin merubah opsi boot tekan e.<br />
<br />
===Mengganti keymap===<br />
Tekan enter di welcome screen. Jika keyboard kamu non-US tekan<br />
km<br />
pada prompt dan pilih keymap yang sesuai.<br />
<br />
''Contoh''(untuk keymap norwegia) :<br />
<br />
Pada console keymap screen pilih<br />
no-latin1<br />
Pada console font screen pilih<br />
lat0-16<br />
<br />
Memilih "default8x16.psfu.gz" sebagai font console adalah pilihan aman.<br />
<br />
===Memulai instalasi===<br />
Pada console ketikkan<br />
/arch/setup <br />
lalu tekan enter untuk memulai instalasi. <br />
<br />
====Pilih sumber instalasi====<br />
Pilih CD jika kamu menggunakan base atau full (current) ISO, atau pilih FTP jika kamu menggunakan FTP ISO.<br />
<br />
====Prepare Hard Drive====<br />
Select the first menu entry "Prepare Hard Drive". Beware that "Auto-Prepare" may not be a safe choice because it will erase the entire hard drive.<br />
Here we will manually partition the hard drive. Choose "2. Partition Hard Drives", select the hard drive you want (/dev/sdx), and create some partitions. <br />
<br />
<br />
=====Partitions=====<br />
<br />
<br />
A partition is a section of hard disk space that will appear as a separate disk, and can be added to your Arch Linux file system. Partitions are broken up into "Primary", "Extended", and "Logical". <br />
Primary partitions can be bootable, and are limited to 4. For example, if you are using a PC with a single SATA drive, the first primary partition will be referred to as sda1. The second primary will be referred to as sda2, then sda3, and sda4. Beyond 4 partitions, we are forced to use an extended partition which will contain logical partitions.<br />
<br />
Extended partitions are not usable by themselves; they are merely a "container" for logical partitions. Logical partitions must be contained within this extended partition. When partitioning a disk, one can see this numbering scheme by creating primary partitions sda1-3 followed by creating an extended partition, sda4, and then creating logical partition(s) within the extended partition; sda5, sda6, and so on.)<br />
<br />
<br />
Everyone has a different opinion on how best to partition the disk. What you need at the least is one primary partition which contains the root [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_system Filesystem] ( / ) and one for swap. Other candidates for separate partitions are /boot (which mainly contains the kernel) and /home (which contains the user data). It is good practice to have / and /home on separate partitions. This makes it possible to reinstall Arch Linux (or even another distro) for any reason, while keeping your data, music, pictures, and desktop environment preferences.<br />
<br />
In this example guide, we will stick with one partition for /, one partition for /home, and a swap partition.<br />
<br />
=====Swap Partition=====<br />
A swap partition is a place on your hard drive where "virtual ram" resides. If your processes need more RAM than is physically available, Linux can't fulfill the request and an error occurs. A swap partition helps in this situation by supplementing the physical RAM with virtual RAM. Linux uses the space on the hard disk to store the information that won't fit into the physical RAM any more (it's actually a bit more complex because Linux tries to put information into the swap space that isn't frequently used). Because a hard disk is very slow compared to physical RAM, this is only<br />
a makeshift. <br />
<br />
<br />
Ask two people about a swap partition and you will get four different answers. If you have plenty of RAM (more than 1024 MB) it may be possible to not use a swap partition at all. Some people suggest using twice the amount of physical RAM, while others recommend not using more than 1024 MB. I believe keeping the swap size between 512 MB and 1 GB is a good choice. Therefore, we will create a 1 GB swap space in this example.<br />
<br />
Let's start creating the '''primary partition''' that will contain the '''root''' filesystem. Choose New -> Primary and enter the size you want (something between 4 and 8 GB is a good choice for a full-featured Linux system). Put the partition at the beginning of the disk. Select the newly created partition and choose "Bootable" to make this partition bootable. Add another '''partition for your home directory'''. Choose another primary partition and set the size to a value you like. The size really depends on what your users store in their home directories, so I cannot make any suggestions. The size may vary between a few hundred megabytes for some office documents up to hundreds of gigabytes for videos and MP3s. If you <br />
want to use the whole space on your hard disc, use the remaining space minus 512 MB - 1 GB for the size. At last we<br />
create a third '''partition for swap'''. Select a size between 512 MB and 1 GB and change the type to 82 (Linux swap / Solaris).<br />
<br />
This is what your Layout should look like (size may vary depending on your decisions):<br />
<br />
Name Flags Part Type FS Type [Label] Size (MB)<br />
-------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
sda1 Boot Primary Linux (4096 - 8192)<br />
sda2 Primary Linux (> 100)<br />
sda3 Primary Linux swap / Solaris (512 - 1024)<br />
<br />
Choose Write and type yes. Beware that this operation may destroy data on your disk if you deleted partitions. Choose Quit to leave the partitioner. <br />
Choose Done to leave this menu and continue with "Set Filesystem Mountpoints".<br />
<br />
====Set File system Mountpoints====<br />
<br />
=====A few brief words about '''filesystems''' and "file systems":=====<br />
<br />
Technically, and for accuracy, a '''filesystem''' is a data format for information throughput, whereas a "file system" (notice the space) is a term referring to the layout of all files and directories on a given system. (In our case, the hierarchical UNIX file system.) Therefore, when you are asked if you want to create a '''filesystem''', you are being asked if you want to '''format''' the particular partition... but when you are asked for mount points, you are providing where the given partition will reside in your Arch Linux "file system". Let's begin.<br />
<br />
First you will be asked for your swap partition. Choose the appropriate partition (sda3 in this example). You will be asked if you want to create a swap filesystem; select yes. Next, choose where to mount the / (root) directory (sda1 in the example). You will be asked what kind of filesystem you want.<br />
<br />
Again, ask two people which filesystem to choose and you will get five different answers. Each one has its advantages and disadvantages. Here is a very brief overview of supported filesystems.<br />
<br />
1. '''ext2''' - Old, reliable GNU/Linux filesystem. Fast, and very stable, but without journaling.<br />
<br />
2. '''ext3''' - Essentially the ext2 system, but with journaling support. ''Slightly'' slower than ext2 and other filesystems. '''Extremely''' stable and the most widely used, supported, and developed.<br />
<br />
3. '''ReiserFS''' - Hans Reiser's high-performance journaling FS uses a very interesting method of data throughput. ReiserFS is very fast, especially when dealing with many small files. ReiserFS is quite well established and stable.<br />
<br />
4. '''JFS''' - IBM's Journaling FS. JFS is quite well established, fast, and stable.<br />
<br />
5. '''XFS''' - is a fast journaling filesystem which is best suited for large files, greater than 1 GB in size. Slower with small files. Quite stable.<br />
<br />
A major difference is [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journaling_file_system journaling] (something similar to transaction logs in database environments). All filesystems except ext2 use journaling. ext3 is completely compatible with ext2, so you can mount it even with very-old rescue CDs. A safe choice for the root partition is ext3. ReiserFS, XFS, and JFS are also OK to use because GRUB (the boot manager which we will install later) can boot from them too. Create the filesystem (format the partition) by selecting yes. You will now be prompted to add any additional partitions. In our example, only sda2 is remaining. Choose a filesystem type and mount it as /home. Again, create the filesystem and choose Done. Return to main menu.<br />
<br />
===Select Packages===<br />
Now we shall select packages to install in our system. Choose CD as source and select the appropriate CD drive if you have more than one.<br />
Since this guide is geared toward a '''base''' installation, choose the base category (keeping all base packages selected is a safe choice). If you chose the current ISO rather than the base ISO, it is up to you if you want to select more packages, but we will show you later how to install additional, up-to-date software more easily, rather than installing and reinstalling. (Since the install CD you are using has been created, there are no doubt numerous updates available for packages contained therein, and installing additional up-to-date software via pacman will be covered below.) If you are '''sure''' you will not be needing certain packages (for instance, a filesystem type you don't need, ISDN, or PPPoE support), feel free to remove them from the base package selection. <br />
<br />
Step forward to "Install Packages".<br />
<br />
===Install Packages===<br />
Ini adalah tahapan termudah, karena semua proses berjalan secara otomatis. Buatlah secangkir kopi dan tunggu sampai proses instalasi selesai (tekan tombol "Continue" jika diperlukan). Minumnya jangan kelamaan, karena instalasi sistem dasar Arch Linux hanya berberapa menit saja :P .<br />
<br />
===Configure The System===<br />
Anda akan ditanyakan apakah ingin agar hwdetect mengumpulkan informasi untuk konfigurasi anda. Opsi ini sangat direkomendasikan untuk dipilih. <br />
Sekarang anda akan ditanyakan apakah anda butuh support untuk booting dari perangkat USB, perangkat FireWire, perangkat PCMCIA, jaringan NFS, software RAID arrays, LVM2 volumes, and encrypted volumes. Pilih Yes jika anda mebutuhkannya; dalam contoh ini, tidak ada yang diperlukan. Sekarang anda akan ditanya penyunting teks mana yang ingin anda pilih, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nano_%28text_editor%29 nano] atau [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vim_%28text_editor%29 vi/vim]. Sekarang Anda akan menemukan menu yang penting untuk mengkonfigurasi sistem anda. Kami hanya melakukan perubahan kecil disini. Jika anda ingin tahu opsi apa saja yang terdapat di rc.conf, tekanlah Alt+F2 untuk masuk shell, dan kembali ke installer dengan Alt+F1. <br />
<br />
=====/etc/rc.conf=====<br />
<br />
* Ubah LOCALE anda jika diperlukan (Misalnya: "de_DE.utf8") (Lokal ini harus sesuai pada /etc/locale.gen. '''Lihat di bawah ini'''.)<br />
* Ubah zona waktu anda jika diperlukan pada TIMEZONE (e.g. "Asia/Jakarta")<br />
* Ubah KEYMAP anda jika diperlukan (e.g. "de-latin1-nodeadkeys")<br />
<br />
* Tambahkan bagian MODULES jika anda modul penting yang tidak otomatis diaktifkan oleh hwdetect <br />
* Ubah HOSTNAME anda<br />
* Ubah pengaturan jaringan anda:<br />
** Don't modify the lo line<br />
** Adjust the IP address, netmask and broadcast address if you are using a static IP<br />
** Set eth0="dhcp" if you have a router which dynamically assigns an IP address<br />
** If you have a static IP set the gateway address to the one of your router and remove the ! in front of the ROUTES entry<br />
=====About DAEMONS=====<br />
Anda tak perlu mengubah baris [[daemons]] saat ini, tapi penting untuk menjelaskan ini, karena kita membutuhkannya di bagian lain panduan ini. mirip dengan service pada Windows, daemon adalah program yang berjalan background untuk melayani program. Salah satu contoh adalah webserver yang menunggu request untuk mengirimkan halaman atau server SSH yang menunggu orang untuk masuk. Selain daemon yang berupa aplikasi yang terlihat nyata layanannya, ada berberapa daemon yang bekerja tanpa terlihat. Contohnya ada daemon yang menulis pesan pada file log (misalnya: syslog, metalog), ada daemon yang menurunkan frekuensi CPU anda jika tak ada yang perlu dilakukan, dan daemon yang menyajikan anda login grafis (misalnya: gdm, kdm). Semua program ini dapat ditambahkan ke baris daemons dan akan dijalankan saat sistem mulai. Daemon-daemon penting akan disajikan dalam panduan ini.<br />
<br />
Gunakan Ctrl+X untuk keluar dari editor.<br />
<br />
=====/etc/hosts=====<br />
Tambahkan ''hostname'' yang Anda tambahkan pada rc.conf sebelumnya:<br />
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost ''yourhostname''<br />
Format ini, '''termasuk entri 'localhost' ''', diperlukan untuk kompatibilitas.<br />
Biasanya menambahkan ''hostname'' di akhir baris ini terbilang cukup. Namun, sebagian pengguna merekomendasikan:<br />
127.0.0.1 ''yourhostname''.domain.org localhost.localdomain localhost ''yourhostname''<br />
Jika anda menggunakan IP statik, tambahkan baris lain menggunakan sintaks: <ip-statik> hostname.domainname.org hostname, <br />
e.g.:<br />
192.168.1.100 yourhostname.domain.org yourhostname<br />
<br />
===== /etc/fstab, mkinitcpio.conf and modprobe.conf=====<br />
Kita tidak perlu mengubah mkinitcpio.conf, or modprobe.conf saat ini. mkinitcpio mengatur ramdisk (misalnya: booting dari RAID, partisi terenkripsi), dan modprobe dapat digunakan untuk mengatur berberapa konfigurasi khusus pada modul-modul).<br />
<br />
Jika anda berencana menggunakan HAL daemon untuk mengautomatisasi pengaitan partisi-partisi, perangkat optik, perangkat USB, dll, Anda mungkin berkeinginan untuk mengubah /etc/fstab dengan menghilangkan tanda pagar (#) pada entri untuk cdrom, floppy, and dvd.<br />
<br />
=====/etc/resolv.conf (for Static IP)=====<br />
If you use a static IP, set your DNS servers in /etc/[[resolv.conf]] (nameserver <ip-address>). You may have as many as you wish.<br />
<br />
Jika anda menggunakan router, Anda mungkin ingin mengarahkan server DNS ke router anda (dimana juga merupakan gateway anda di /etc/rc.conf), misalnya:<br />
nameserver 192.168.1.1<br />
Selanjutnya, tambahkan server-server yang anda inginkan satu-per-satu. Misalnya:<br />
nameserver 4.2.2.1<br />
nameserver 4.2.2.2<br />
<br />
=====/etc/locale.gen=====<br />
Choose the locale(s) you need (remove the # in front of the lines you want), e.g.:<br />
en_US ISO-8859-1<br />
en_US.UTF-8 <br />
('''Your locale must coincide with the one specified in /etc/rc.conf above.''')<br />
=====Root password=====<br />
Finally, set a root password and make sure that you remember it later. Return to the main menu and continue with installing a kernel.<br />
<br />
===Install Kernel===<br />
Not many choices here; choose v2.6 and continue. You may want to switch your kernel later. A fallback image will be created, keeping mkinitcpio as it is shown as a safe choice. Continue with installing a bootloader.<br />
<br />
===Install Bootloader===<br />
Because we have no secondary operating system in our example, we will need a bootloader. [http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/ GNU GRUB] is the recommended bootloader. Alternatively, you may choose [http://lilo.go.dyndns.org/ LILO]. The shown GRUB configuration (/boot/grub/menu.lst) should be sufficient. The only thing you may want to alter is the resolution of the console. Add<br />
a vga=<number> to the first kernel line. (A table of resolutions and the corresponding numbers is printed in the menu.lst.) <br />
title Arch Linux (Main)<br />
root (hd0,0)<br />
kernel /boot/vmlinuz26 root=/dev/sda1 ro vga=773<br />
initrd /boot/kernel26.img<br />
The "vga=773" argument will give a 1024x768 framebuffer with 256 color depth.<br />
<br />
Exit the install and type reboot.<br />
<br />
If everything goes well, your new Arch Linux system will boot up and finish with a login prompt (you may want to change the boot order in your BIOS back to booting from hard disk).<br />
<br />
Congratulations, and welcome to your shiny, new Arch Linux base system!<br />
<br />
==Configuring the base system ==<br />
Your new Arch Linux base system is now a functional GNU/Linux operating system ready for customization. From here, you may build this elegant set of tools into whatever you wish or require for your purposes!<br />
Let's begin.<br />
-----<br />
Login with your root account. We will configure pacman and update the system as root, then add a normal user. <br />
<br />
===Configuring pacman===<br />
Edit /etc/pacman.conf<br />
nano -w /etc/pacman.conf<br />
and remove the # in front of the "Include = /etc/pacman.d/community" and "[community]" lines to enable Arch's community repository, which offers many useful applications. Now edit /etc/pacman.d/community and move the mirrors which are located nearest to you up (if you use nano, Alt+A starts selecting an area, cursor down marks the lines, Ctrl+K cuts the selected area and Ctrl+U uncuts it). Repeat this for all files in /etc/pacman.d/.<br />
<br />
===Configuring the network (if necessary)===<br />
<br />
If everything went fine, you should have a working network. Try to ping www.google.com to verify this.<br />
ping -c 3 www.google.com<br />
<br />
If you have successfully established a network connection, continue with "Update, Sync and Upgrade the system with pacman".<br />
<br />
If, after trying to ping www.google.com, you get an "unknown host" error, you may conclude that your network is not configured. You may choose to double-check the following files for integrity and proper settings:<br />
<br />
'''/etc/rc.conf''' # Specifically, check your HOSTNAME= and NETWORKING section<br />
<br />
'''/etc/hosts''' # Double-check your format. (See above.)<br />
<br />
'''/etc/resolv.conf''' # If you are using a static IP. If you are using DHCP, this file will be dynamically created and destroyed by default, but can be changed to your preference. (See [[Network]].)<br />
<br />
Advanced instructions for configuring the network can be found in the [[Network]] article.<br />
<br />
====Wired LAN====<br />
<br />
Check your Ethernet with<br />
ifconfig<br />
where you should see an entry for eth0. If required, you can set a new static IP with<br />
ifconfig eth0 <ip address> netmask <netmask> up <br />
and the default gateway with<br />
route add default gw <ip address of the gateway><br />
Check to see if /etc/resolv.conf contains your DNS server and add it if it is missing. <br />
Check your network again with ping www.google.de. If everything is working now, adjust /etc/rc.conf as described in section 2.6 (static IP). If you have a DHCP server/router in your network try<br />
dhcpcd eth0<br />
If this is working, adjust /etc/rc.conf as described in section 2.6 (dynamic IP).<br />
<br />
====Wireless LAN====<br />
[[Wireless Setup]]<br />
(TODO) Simplify and generalize it, link only for more-advanced stuff<br />
<br />
====Analog Modem====<br />
To be able to use a Hayes-compatible, external, analog modem, you need to at least have the ppp package installed. Modify the file /etc/ppp/options to suit your needs and according to man pppd. You will need to define a chat script to supply your username and password to the ISP after the initial connection has been established. The manpages for pppd and chat have examples in them that should suffice to get a connection up and running if you're either experienced or stubborn enough. With udev, your serial ports usually are /dev/tts/0 and /dev/tts/1.<br />
Tip: Read [[Dialup without a dialer HOWTO]].<br />
<br />
Instead of fighting a glorious battle with the plain pppd, you may opt to install wvdial or a similar tool to ease the setup process considerably. In case you're using a so-called WinModem, which is basically a PCI plugin card working as an internal analog modem, you should indulge in the vast information found on the [http://www.linmodems.org/ LinModem] homepage.<br />
<br />
====ISDN====<br />
<br />
Setting up ISDN is done in three steps:<br />
# Install and configure hardware<br />
# Install and configure the ISDN utilities<br />
# Add settings for your ISP <br />
<br />
The current Arch stock kernels include the necessary ISDN modules, meaning that you won't need to recompile your kernel unless you're about to use rather odd ISDN hardware. After physically installing your ISDN card in your machine or plugging in your USB ISDN-Box, you can try loading the modules with modprobe. Nearly all passive ISDN PCI cards are handled by the hisax module, which needs two parameters: type and protocol. You must set protocol to '1' if your country uses the 1TR6 standard, '2' if it uses EuroISDN (EDSS1), '3' if you're hooked to a so-called leased-line without D-channel, and '4' for US NI1.<br />
<br />
Details on all those settings and how to set them is included in the kernel documentation, more specifically in the isdn subdirectory, and available online. The type parameter depends on your card; a list of all possible types can be found in the README.HiSax kernel documentation. Choose your card and load the module with the appropriate options like this:<br />
<br />
modprobe hisax type=18 protocol=2<br />
<br />
This will load the hisax module for my ELSA Quickstep 1000PCI, being used in Germany with the EDSS1 protocol. You should find helpful debugging output in your /var/log/everything.log file, in which you should see your card being prepared for action. Please note that you will probably need to load some USB modules before you can work with an external USB ISDN Adapter.<br />
<br />
Once you have confirmed that your card works with certain settings, you can add the module options to your /etc/modprobe.conf:<br />
<br />
alias ippp0 hisax<br />
options hisax type=18 protocol=2<br />
<br />
Alternatively, you can add only the options line here, and add hisax to your MODULES array in the rc.conf. It's your choice, really, but this example has the advantage that the module will not be loaded until it's really needed.<br />
<br />
That being done, you should have working, supported hardware. Now you need the basic utilities to actually use it!<br />
<br />
Install the isdn4k-utils package, and read the manpage to isdnctrl; it'll get you started. Further down in the manpage you will find explanations on how to create a configuration file that can be parsed by isdnctrl, as well as some helpful setup examples. Please note that you have to add your SPID to your MSN setting separated by a colon if you use US NI1.<br />
<br />
After you have configured your ISDN card with the isdnctrl utility, you should be able to dial into the machine you specified with the PHONE_OUT parameter, but fail the username and password authentication. To make this work add your username and password to /etc/ppp/pap-secrets or /etc/ppp/chap-secrets as if you were configuring a normal analogous PPP link, depending on which protocol your ISP uses for authentication. If in doubt, put your data into both files.<br />
<br />
If you set up everything correctly, you should now be able to establish a dial-up connection with<br />
isdnctrl dial ippp0<br />
as root. If you have any problems, remember to check the logfiles!<br />
<br />
====DSL (PPPoE)====<br />
<br />
These instructions are relevant to you only if your PC itself is supposed to manage the connection to your ISP. You do not need to do anything but define a correct default gateway if you are using a separate router of some sort to do the grunt work.<br />
<br />
Before you can use your DSL online connection, you will have to physically install the network card that is supposed to be connected to the DSL-Modem into your computer. After adding your newly installed network card to the modules.conf/modprobe.conf or the MODULES array, you should install the rp-pppoe package and run the pppoe-setup script to configure your connection. After you have entered all the data, you can connect and disconnect your line with<br />
<br />
/etc/rc.d/adsl start<br />
<br />
and<br />
<br />
/etc/rc.d/adsl stop<br />
<br />
respectively. The setup usually is rather easy and straightforward, but feel free to read the manpages for hints. If you want to automatically dial in on boot-up, add adsl to your DAEMONS array.<br />
<br />
==Update, Sync and Upgrade the system with [[pacman]]==<br />
Now we will update the system using [[pacman]], the package manager of Arch Linux. Pacman is fast, simple, and extremely powerful. It manages your entire package system and allows installation, package removal, package downgrade (through cache), custom compiled package handling, automatic dependency resolution, and much more.<br />
<br />
Update, sync, and '''upgrade''' your entire new system with:<br />
pacman -Syu<br />
pacman will now fetch the latest information about available packages and perform all available upgrades. (You may be prompted to upgrade pacman itself at this point. If so, say yes, and then reissue the pacman -Syu command when finished.)<br />
<br />
=====''Take note as to whether a kernel upgrade is occurring!''=====<br />
<br />
If the kernel is upgraded, modules such as nvidia will be rendered inoperable, since the new, upgraded versions will be built against the newer kernel, and your system is currently using an older one. A reboot will be necessary.<br />
<br />
=====The beauty of the rolling release=====<br />
Keep in mind that Arch is a '''rolling release''' distribution. This means there is never a reason to reinstall or perform elaborate system rebuilds to upgrade to the newest version. Simply issuing '''pacman -Syu''' periodically keeps your entire system up-to-date and on the bleeding edge. At the end of this upgrade, your system is completely current.<br />
<br />
=====Get familiar with pacman=====<br />
Pacman is the Arch user's best friend. It is highly recommended to study and learn how to use the pacman tool. Try:<br />
man pacman<br />
Check out the bottom of this article, and look up the [[pacman]] wiki entries at your leisure.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
===Add a user and setup groups===<br />
You should not do your everyday work using the root account. It is more than poor practice; it is dangerous. Root is for administrative tasks. Instead, add a normal user account using:<br />
adduser<br />
While most default options are safe to use, you may want to add at least audio and wheel to your additional groups. <br />
Audio allows your user to use the audio card, while wheel allows switching to the root account with su. Other groups to be added, (separated by a comma) include:<br />
<br />
*disk - for managing disks, including USB flash drives and such<br />
<br />
*storage - for managing storage devices<br />
<br />
*video - for managing video tasks<br />
<br />
*optical - for managing tasks pertaining to the optical drive(s)<br />
<br />
*floppy - for access to a floppy if necessary<br />
<br />
*lp - for managing printing tasks<br />
<br />
You may also consider adding optical to your additional groups to enable CD/DVD recording from your user account.<br />
<br />
See the [http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Groups Groups] article to understand what groups you need to be a member of. <br />
You may also add your user to the desired groups like so, (as root):<br />
usermod -aG audio,video,floppy,lp,optical,network,storage,wheel USERNAME<br />
<br />
==Installing and configuring Hardware==<br />
===Configure the audio card===<br />
Your audio card should already be working, but you can't hear anything because it is muted by default. Install the alsa-utils <br />
pacman -S alsa-utils<br />
and use alsamixer to adjust the channels: <br />
alsamixer<br />
Unmute the Master and PCM channels by scrolling to them with cursor left/right and pressing '''M'''. Increase the volume levels with the cursor-up key. (70-90 Should be a safe range.) Leave alsamixer by pressing ESC and store the settings with<br />
alsactl store<br />
If you plan on using a desktop environment such as GNOME or KDE and would prefer that alsa remember your settings when you change them, do not execute the above command--your volume settings will be remembered automatically.<br />
Add alsa to your DAEMONS section in /etc/rc.conf to automatically restore the mixer on boot-up.<br />
nano /etc/rc.conf<br />
<br />
DAEMONS=(syslog-ng network crond '''alsa''')<br />
<br />
===Configuring CPU frequency scaling===<br />
Modern processors can decrease their frequency and voltage to reduce heat and power consumption. Less heat leads to a quieter system; even a desktop system will benefit from it. Install cpufrequtils with<br />
pacman -S cpufrequtils<br />
and add cpufreq to your daemons in /etc/rc.conf. Edit the config file /etc/conf.d/cpufreq and change <br />
governor="conservative"<br />
which dynamically increases the CPU frequency if needed (which is a safe choice on desktop systems too). Alter min_freq and max_freq to match your system's CPU spec. If you don't know the frequencies, run ''cpufreq-info'' after loading one of the frequency scaling modules. Add the frequency scaling modules to your /etc/rc.conf modules line. Most modern notebooks and desktops can simply use the ''acpi-cpufreq'' driver, however other options include the ''p4-clockmod, powernow-k6, powernow-k7, powernow-k8, and speedstep-centrino'' drivers. Load the module with<br />
modprobe <modulname> <br />
and start cpufreq with<br />
/etc/rc.d/cpufreq start<br />
For more details, see [[Cpufrequtils]]<br />
<br />
===Additional tweaks for laptops===<br />
ACPI support is needed if you want to use some special functions on your notebook (e.g. sleep, sleep when lid is closed, special keys...). Install acpid <br />
pacman -S acpid<br />
and add it to the daemons in /etc/rc.conf (acpid). Start it with<br />
/etc/rc.d/acpid start<br />
<br />
More-specific information about Arch Linux on various Laptops can be found at [[:Category:Laptops (English)]]<br />
<br />
==Installing and configuring X==<br />
The X Window System (commonly X11, or just simply X) is a networking and display protocol which provides windowing on bitmap displays. It provides the standard toolkit and protocol to build graphical user interfaces (GUIs) on Unix-like operating systems.<br />
<br />
X provides the basic framework, or primitives, for building GUI environments: drawing and moving windows on the screen and interacting with a mouse and/or keyboard. X does not mandate the user interface — individual client programs handle this. <br />
-----<br />
Now we will install the base Xorg packages using pacman. <br />
<br />
As root, do:<br />
pacman -S xorg-server xorg-xkb-utils xorg-xauth xorg-server-utils xorg-xinit xf86-video-vesa xf86-input-mouse xf86-input-keyboard<br />
(The old xorg group package has been removed. If it reappears, the option to use it will be given here.)<br />
Now we have the base packages we need for running the X Server. You should add the driver for your graphics card now (e.g. xf86-video-<name>). If you need a list of all '''open-source''' video drivers, do: <br />
pacman -Ss xf86-video | less<br />
If you don't know what graphics card you are using, do:<br />
lspci | grep VGA<br />
Here is a list of '''open source''' drivers, and corresponding video chipsets.<br />
*'''xf86-video-apm''' Alliance ProMotion video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-ark''' ark video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-ati''' ati video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-chips''' Chips and Technologies video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-cirrus''' Cirrus Logic video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-dummy''' dummy video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-fbdev''' framebuffer video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-glint''' GLINT/Permedia video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-i128''' Number 0 i128 video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-i740''' Intel i740 video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-i810''' Intel i810/i830/i9xx video drivers<br />
*'''xf86-video-imstt''' Integrated Micro Solutions Twin Turbo vidoe driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-mga''' mga video driver (Matrox Graphics Adapter)<br />
*'''xf86-video-neomagic''' neomagic video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-nv''' nvidia nv video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-rendition''' Rendition video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-s3''' S3 video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-s3virge''' S3 Virge video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-savage''' savage video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-siliconmotion''' siliconmotion video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-sis''' SiS video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-sisusb''' SiS USB video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-tdfx''' tdfx video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-trident''' Trident video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-tseng''' tseng video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-unichrome''' Unichrome video drivers<br />
*'''xf86-video-v4l''' v4l video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-vesa''' vesa video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-vga''' VGA 16 color video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-via''' via video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-vmware ''' vmware video driver<br />
*'''xf86-video-voodoo ''' voodoo video driver<br />
<br />
* Note that the '''vesa''' driver is the most generic, and should work with almost any modern video chipset. If you cannot find a suitable driver for your video chipset, vesa '''should''' work.<br />
<br />
*If you have an nVIDIA or ATI video adapter, you may wish to install the proprietary nVIDIA or ATI drivers. '''Installing proprietary video drivers is covered below''' under "Using proprietary Graphics Driver (nVIDIA, ATI)"<br />
<br />
Install the appropriate video driver for your video card/onboard video. e.g.:<br />
pacman -S xf86-video-i810<br />
(for the intel 810 chipset driver.)<br />
<br />
==Create /etc/X11/xorg.conf==<br />
=====What is /etc/X11/xorg.conf?=====<br />
/etc/X11/xorg.conf is the '''main configuration file''' for your '''X''' Window System, the foundation of your '''G'''raphical '''U'''ser '''I'''nterface. It is a plain text file ordered into sections and subsections. Important sections are ''Files, InputDevice, Monitor, Modes, Screen, Device, and ServerLayout''. Sections can appear in any order and there may be more than one section of each kind, for example, if you have more than one monitor, say a video projector and an on board LCD of a notebook. <br />
------<br />
By default, you will not have an Xorg config file, and with the newest versions of Xorg, you don't need one ''if'' the autodetection ''works satisfactorily'' and you don't need to turn on features such as aiglx and so on. ''Most people will still find that they need to generate a config file, however.''<br />
<br />
There are several ways of creating /etc/X11/xorg.conf:<br />
<br />
*The Xorg way to make a basic config file is to run<br />
Xorg -configure<br />
which will create /root/xorg.conf. Move the generated config file as appropriate, e.g.<br />
mv /root/xorg.conf.new /etc/X11/xorg.conf<br />
<br />
*Another way of making an xorg.conf without getting your hands dirty is Arch Linux's own developer tpowa's tool:<br />
hwd -xa<br />
hwd (to see the various options)<br />
<br />
*The proprietary video drivers also have tools to edit xorg.conf to configure the drivers (see below). These are <br />
aticonfig<br />
and<br />
nvidia-xconfig<br />
<br />
However, you should not be a stranger to editing the config file by hand (as this is usually needed to fix various issues from time to time):<br />
<br />
nano /etc/X11/xorg.conf<br />
<br />
Edit your /etc/X11/xorg.conf to specify your video driver. e.g.:<br />
Section "Device"<br />
Driver "i810"<br />
<br />
=====Simple baseline X test=====<br />
<br />
At this point, you should have xorg installed, with a suitable video driver and an /etc/X11/xorg.conf configuration file. If you want to test your configuration quickly, before installing a complete desktop environment, install '''xterm'''. Xterm is a very simple terminal emulator which runs in the X Server environment. Xterm will allow us to effectively test if your video driver and /etc/X11/xorg.conf are properly configured. Alternatively, you may wish to test if the X autodetection works satisfactorily, in the absence of /etc/X11/xorg.conf.<br />
pacman -S xterm<br />
Edit your /home/username/.xinitrc file, '''as normal user''', to dictate which X Server event is called upon with the 'startx' command:<br />
<br />
su yourusername<br />
<br />
nano ~/.xinitrc<br />
<br />
and add (or uncomment)<br />
<br />
exec xterm<br />
<br />
So that it looks like this:<br />
<br />
#!/bin/sh<br />
#<br />
# ~/.xinitrc<br />
#<br />
# Executed by startx (run your window manager from here)<br />
#<br />
exec xterm<br />
# exec wmaker<br />
# exec startkde<br />
# exec icewm<br />
# exec blackbox<br />
# exec fluxbox<br />
<br />
(Be sure to have only one uncommented line in your ~/.xinitrc ) If you do not have ~/.xinitrc, simply create one with the above information.<br />
<br />
Start X Server as normal user, with:<br />
<br />
startx<br />
You should have an xterm session open up. You can exit the X Server with Ctrl+Alt+Backspace, or by typing "exit". If you have problems starting X, you can look for errors in the /var/log/Xorg.0.log file and on the console output of the console you started X from.<br />
<br />
Now you might want to install a graphical login manager (to avoid having to type startx everytime you start the computer) like [[GDM]] or [[KDM]], but this ''could'' wait, and advanced instructions for Xorg configuration can be found in the [[Xorg]] article.<br />
<br />
===Adjusting Keyboard Layout===<br />
You may want to change your keyboard layout. To do this edit your /etc/X11/xorg.conf and add these lines in the Input Section (keyboard0) (the example shows a German keyboard layout with no dead keys; alter this to fit your needs).<br />
Option "XkbLayout" "de"<br />
Option "XkbVariant" "nodeadkeys"<br />
<br />
===Adjusting Mouse for scroll wheel===<br />
While your mouse should be working out of the box, you may want to use your scroll wheel. Add this to your Input Section (mouse0):<br />
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6 7"<br />
<br />
===evdev===<br />
If you have a modern USB mouse with several thumb buttons and/or functions, you will most likely want to install the evdev mouse driver, which will allow you to exploit the full functionality of your mouse:<br />
<br />
pacman -S xf86-input-evdev<br />
Load the driver:<br />
modprobe evdev<br />
Find your mouse name:<br />
cat /proc/bus/input/devices | egrep "Name"<br />
Using the mouse name, configure your /etc/X11/xorg.conf InputDevice section accordingly, e.g.:<br />
Section "InputDevice"<br />
Identifier "Evdev Mouse"<br />
Driver "evdev"<br />
Option "Name" "Logitech USB-PS/2 Optical Mouse"<br />
Option "CorePointer"<br />
EndSection<br />
You must have only '''one''' "CorePointer" device specified in /etc/X11/xorg.conf, so be sure to comment out any other mouse entries until you feel safe removing the old, unused entries.<br />
<br />
Also edit the ServerLayout section to include Evdev Mouse as the CorePointer, e.g.:<br />
Section "ServerLayout"<br />
Identifier "Layout0"<br />
Screen 0 "Screen0"<br />
InputDevice "Keyboard0" "CoreKeyboard"<br />
InputDevice "Evdev Mouse" "CorePointer"<br />
<br />
===Using proprietary Graphics Driver (nVIDIA, ATI)===<br />
You may choose to use the proprietary video drivers from nVIDIA or ATI. <br />
====nVIDIA Graphic Cards====<br />
The nVIDIA proprietary drivers are generally considered to be of excellent quality, and offer superior 3D performance.<br />
<br />
Before you configure your Graphics Card you will need to know which driver fits. Arch currently has 3 different drivers that each match a certain subset of Cards: <br />
<br />
'''1. nvidia-71xx''' ''for very old Cards like TNT and TNT2''<br />
<br />
'''2. nvidia-96xx''' ''slightly newer cards up to the GF 4''<br />
<br />
'''3. nvidia''' ''newest GPUs after the GF 4''<br />
<br />
Consult the nVIDIA-Homepage to see which one is for you. The difference is only for the installation; Configuration works the same with every driver.<br />
<br />
Install the appropriate nvidia driver, e.g.: <br />
pacman -S nvidia <br />
At this point, you have 3 choices as to how to proceed.<br />
<br />
*'''1.''' If you have no xorg.conf at all, or if you have an existing xorg.conf and want to '''generate a completely new one''' with the nVIDIA utility, back up the old one:<br />
mv /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.old<br />
Then create the new /etc/X11/xorg.conf with<br />
nvidia-xconfig<br />
The nvidia-xconfig utility will usually create a very short, streamlined, easy-to-read xorg.conf<br />
<br />
It also has several options which will further specify the contents and options of the xorg.conf file.<br />
For example,<br />
nvidia-xconfig --composite --add-argb-glx-visuals<br />
<br />
For more detailed information, see nvidia-xconfig(1).<br />
<br />
*'''2.''' '''Expert Option:''' If you have an existing xorg.conf and want to keep it, edit your xorg manually as needed, and at the very least, adjust your '''Device''' Section by changing Driver "<olddrivername>" to Driver "nvidia".<br />
Section "Device"<br />
<br />
Driver "nvidia" <br />
*'''3.''' Alternatively, you may choose to keep your existing /etc/X11/xorg.conf, and run:<br />
nvidia-xconfig<br />
which will automatically '''update''' your /etc/X11/xorg.conf for use with the nVIDIA proprietary driver.<br />
<br />
Some useful tweaking options in the device section are (beware that these may not work on your system):<br />
Option "RenderAccel" "true"<br />
Option "NoLogo" "true"<br />
Option "AGPFastWrite" "true"<br />
Option "EnablePageFlip" "true"<br />
<br />
The nvidia-xconfig utility will automatically place the glx option in your xorg. If you did not use nvidia-xconfig, then you should add this to your module section:<br />
<br />
Load "glx"<br />
Double check your /etc/X11/xorg.conf to make sure your default depth, horizontal refresh, vertical refresh, and resolutions are acceptable.<br />
<br />
Logout and login.<br />
<br />
Start X server as normal user, to test your configuration:<br />
startx<br />
<br />
Advanced instructions for nvidia configuration can be found in the [[NVIDIA]] article.<br />
<br />
====ATI Graphic Cards====<br />
ATI owners have two options for drivers. If you are unsure which driver to use, please try the open-source one first. The open-source driver will suit most needs along with being generally less problematic.<br />
<br />
Install the '''proprietary''' ATI Driver with<br />
pacman -S fglrx<br />
Use the aticonfig tool to modify the xorg.conf. Note: The proprietary driver does not support [[AIGLX]]. To use [[Compiz]] or [[Beryl]] with this driver you would need to use [[XGL]].<br />
<br />
Install the '''open-source''' ATI Driver with<br />
pacman -S xf86-video-ati<br />
Currently, the performance of the open-source driver is not on par with that of the proprietary one. It also lacks TV-out, dual-link DVI support, and possibly other features. On the other hand, it supports Aiglx and has better dual-head support.<br />
<br />
Advanced instructions for ATI configuration can be found in the [[ATI | ATI wiki]].<br />
<br />
==Installing and configuring a Desktop Environment ==<br />
If you ask two people what the best Desktop Environment or Window Manager is, you will get six different answers. <br />
* If you want something full-featured and similar to Windows and Mac OSX, '''KDE''' is a good choice<br />
* If you want something more minimalist, which follows the K.I.S.S. principle more closely, '''GNOME''' is a good choice<br />
* If you have an older machine or want something lighter, '''xfce4''' is a good choice, still giving you a complete environment<br />
* If you need something even lighter, '''openbox, fluxbox or fvwm2''' may be right (not to mention all other lightweight window managers like '''windowmaker and twm''').<br />
* If you need something completely different, try '''ion, wmii, or dwm'''.<br />
<br />
===Install Fonts===<br />
At this point, you may want to install some good-looking fonts, '''before''' installing a desktop environment/window manager. Dejavu and bitstream-vera are nice font sets. For websites, you may want to have the Microsoft fonts too. Install with:<br />
pacman -S ttf-ms-fonts ttf-dejavu ttf-bitstream-vera<br />
<br />
===GNOME===<br />
====About GNOME====<br />
The '''G'''NU '''N'''etwork '''O'''bject '''M'''odel '''E'''nvironment. The GNOME project provides two things: The GNOME desktop environment, an intuitive and attractive desktop for end-users, and the GNOME development platform, an extensive framework for building applications that integrate into the rest of the desktop.<br />
<br />
====Installation====<br />
Install GNOME with<br />
pacman -S gnome<br />
If you want a more-than-complete GNOME distribution with a lot of extras, do:<br />
pacman -S gnome-extra<br />
It's safe to choose all packages shown. <br />
=====Useful DAEMONS for GNOME=====<br />
Recall from above that a daemon is a program that runs in the background, waiting for events to occur and offering services. The '''hal''' daemon, among other things, will automate the mounting of disks, optical drives, and USB drives/thumbdrives for use in the GUI. The '''fam''' daemon will allow real-time representation of file alterations in the GUI, allowing instant access to recently installed programs, or changes in the file system. Both '''hal''' and '''fam''' make life easier for the GNOME user.<br />
<br />
You may want to install a graphical login manager. For GNOME, the '''gdm''' daemon is a good choice. Install gdm with<br />
pacman -S gdm<br />
You will almost certainly want the '''hal''' and '''fam''' daemons.<br />
<br />
Start hal and fam:<br />
/etc/rc.d/hal start<br />
<br />
/etc/rc.d/fam start<br />
<br />
Add them to your /etc/rc.conf DAEMONS section, so they will start on bootup:<br />
nano /etc/rc.conf<br />
<br />
DAEMONS=(syslog-ng network crond alsa '''hal fam gdm''')<br />
(If you prefer to log into the console and manually start X in the 'Slackware tradition', leave out gdm.)<br />
<br />
====~/.xinitrc====<br />
<br />
This file controls what occurs when you type 'startx'.<br />
<br />
Edit your /home/username/.xinitrc to utilize GNOME:<br />
<br />
nano ~/.xinitrc<br />
<br />
Uncomment the 'exec gnome-session' line so that it looks like this:<br />
<br />
#!/bin/sh<br />
#<br />
# ~/.xinitrc<br />
#<br />
# Executed by startx (run your window manager from here)<br />
#<br />
#exec xterm<br />
#exec wmaker<br />
# exec startkde<br />
exec gnome-session<br />
# exec icewm<br />
# exec blackbox<br />
# exec fluxbox<br />
<br />
If you do not have a ~/.xinitrc file, simply create it with the above information. Remember, you must have only one uncommented line in your ~/.xinitrc. <br />
<br />
Switch to normal user:<br />
su username<br />
<br />
And test it with:<br />
startx<br />
<br />
You may want to install a terminal and an editor. I would recommend gnome-terminal (part of the group gnome-extra) and geany:<br />
pacman -S geany gnome-terminal<br />
<br />
Advanced instructions for installing and configuring GNOME can be found in the [[Gnome]] article.<br />
<br />
====Eye Candy====<br />
You may find the default GNOME theme and icons not very attractive. A nice gtk theme is murrine. Install it with<br />
pacman -S gtk-engine-murrine<br />
and select it with System->Preferences->Theme. You can find more themes, icons, and wallpaper at [http://www.gnome-look.org Gnome Look].<br />
<br />
===KDE===<br />
====About KDE====<br />
The '''K''' '''D'''esktop '''E'''nvironment. KDE is a powerful Free Software graphical desktop environment for Linux and Unix workstations. It combines ease of use, contemporary functionality, and outstanding graphical design with the technological superiority of UNIX-like operating systems.<br />
<br />
====Installation====<br />
Arch offers several versions of kde: '''kde, kdebase, and KDEmod'''. Choose '''one''' of the following, and continue below with '''"Useful KDE DAEMONS"''': <br />
<br />
'''1.)''' Package '''kde''' is the complete, vanilla KDE, ~300MB.<br />
pacman -S kde<br />
'''2.)''' Package '''kdebase''' is a slimmed-down version with less applications, ~80MB.<br />
pacman -S kdebase<br />
'''3.)''' Lastly, '''KDEmod''' is an Arch Linux exclusive, community-driven system which is modified for extreme performance and modularity. The KDEmod project website can be found at [http://kdemod.ath.cx/ http://kdemod.ath.cx/]. KDEmod is extremely fast, lightweight and responsive, with a pleasing, customized theme. <br />
<br />
To install KDEmod in 5 easy steps, just follow these installation instructions...<br />
Note: Before you start, please remember to read all of the install messages. They are fairly comprehensive and should solve any upcoming questions after the installation. If you cant scroll back to see all messages, just take a look into /var/log/pacman.log<br />
<br />
*1. Add the kdemod repo to your /etc/pacman.conf:<br />
nano /etc/pacman.conf<br />
Add one of these entries at the top of your server list:<br />
[kdemod]<br />
Server = http://kdemod.ath.cx/repo/current/i686<br />
for 32 bit Arch, or<br />
[kdemod]<br />
Server = http://kdemod.ath.cx/repo/current/x86_64<br />
for 64 bit Arch.<br />
<br />
*2. You must also activate the [community] repository in /etc/pacman.conf because KDEmod needs some packages from this repository. Make sure the following lines are uncommented:<br />
[community]<br />
Include = /etc/pacman.d/community<br />
<br />
<br />
*3. Update your package database with pacman -Syu. Now you can choose between two installations:<br />
<br />
pacman -S kdemod ''- installs a light base system''<br />
pacman -S kdemod-complete ''- installs the full KDE desktop''<br />
<br />
If you encounter any errors or conflicts at this step, check pacmans output, and if there are some unsolvable problems, tell us about them at the forums.<br />
*4. Install your localization. Take a look at the list of packages or simply do a pacman -Ss kdemod-kde-i18n to see which of them are already included.<br />
<br />
*5. Install all the extra apps you want. You can check out all available KDEmod packages by entering pacman -Sl kdemod<br />
<br />
====Useful KDE DAEMONS====<br />
<br />
KDE will require the '''hal''' ('''H'''ardware '''A'''bstraction '''L'''ayer) and '''fam''' ('''F'''ile '''A'''lteration '''M'''onitor) daemons. The '''kdm''' daemon is the '''K''' '''D'''isplay '''M'''anager, which provides a '''graphical login''', if desired.<br />
<br />
Recall from above that a daemon is a program that runs in the background, waiting for events to occur and offering services. The hal daemon, among other things, will automate the mounting of disks, optical drives, and USB drives/thumbdrives for use in the GUI. The fam daemon will allow real-time representation of file alterations in the GUI, allowing instant access to recently installed programs, or changes in the file system.. Both '''hal''' and '''fam''' make life easier for the KDE user, and are installed when you install KDE.<br />
<br />
Start hal and fam:<br />
<br />
/etc/rc.d/hal start<br />
<br />
/etc/rc.d/fam start<br />
<br />
Edit your DAEMONS section in /etc/rc.conf:<br />
nano /etc/rc.conf<br />
Add '''hal''' and '''fam''' to your DAEMONS section, to start them on bootup. If you prefer a graphical login, add '''kdm''' as well: <br />
DAEMONS=(syslog-ng network crond alsa '''hal fam kdm''')<br />
(If you prefer to log into the '''console''' and manually start X in the 'Slackware tradition', leave out kdm.)<br />
<br />
=====~/.xinitrc=====<br />
This file controls what occurs when you type 'startx'.<br />
<br />
Edit your /home/username/.xinitrc to utilize KDE:<br />
nano ~/.xinitrc<br />
Uncomment the 'exec startkde' line so that it looks like this:<br />
#!/bin/sh<br />
#<br />
# ~/.xinitrc<br />
#<br />
# Executed by startx (run your window manager from here)<br />
#<br />
#exec xterm<br />
#exec wmaker<br />
exec startkde<br />
# exec gnome-session<br />
# exec icewm<br />
# exec blackbox<br />
# exec fluxbox<br />
If you do not have a ~/.xinitrc file, simply create it with the above information. Remember, you must have only '''one''' uncommented line in your ~/.xinitrc.<br />
<br />
Switch to your normal user:<br />
su username<br />
Now try starting your X Server:<br />
startx<br />
<br />
Congratulations! Welcome to your KDE desktop environment on your new Arch Linux system! You may wish to continue by viewing [[Post Installation Tips]], or the rest of the information below.<br />
Advanced instructions for installing and configuring KDE can be found in the [[KDE]] article.<br />
<br />
===Xfce===<br />
====About Xfce====<br />
Xfce is a Desktop Environment, like GNOME or KDE. It contains a suite of apps like a root window app, window manager, file manager, panel, etc. Xfce is written using the GTK2 toolkit and contains its own development environment (libraries, daemons, etc) similar to other big DEs. Unlike GNOME or KDE, Xfce is lightweight and designed more around CDE than Windows or Mac. It has a much slower development cycle, but is very stable and extremely fast. Xfce is great for older hardware.<br />
<br />
====Installation====<br />
Install xfce with<br />
pacman -S xfce4 xfce4-goodies <br />
<br />
If you use kdm or gdm a new xfce session should have appeared. Alternatively, you can use<br />
startxfce4<br />
<br />
Advanced instructions for installing and configuring Xfce can be found in the [[Xfce]] article.<br />
<br />
===*box===<br />
====Fluxbox====<br />
Fluxbox © is yet another windowmanager for X.<br />
It's based on the Blackbox 0.61.1 code. Fluxbox looks like blackbox and handles styles, colors, window placement and similar things exactly like blackbox (100% theme/style compability).<br />
<br />
Install Fluxbox using <br />
pacman -S fluxbox fluxconf<br />
<br />
If you use gdm/kdm a new fluxbox session will be automatically added. Otherwise, you should modify your user's .xinitrc and add this to it:<br />
exec startfluxbox <br />
<br />
More information is available in the [[Fluxbox]] article.<br />
<br />
====Openbox====<br />
Openbox is a standards compliant, fast, light-weight, extensible window manager.<br />
<br />
Openbox works with your applications, and makes your desktop easier to manage. This is because the approach to its development was the opposite of what seems to be the general case for window managers. Openbox was written first to comply with standards and to work properly. Only when that was in place did the team turn to the visual interface.<br />
<br />
Openbox is fully functional as a stand-alone working environment, or can be used as a drop-in replacement for the default window manager in the GNOME or KDE desktop environments. <br />
<br />
Install openbox using<br />
pacman -S openbox obconf obmenu<br />
<br />
Once openbox is installed you will get a message to move menu.xml & rc.xml to ~/.config/openbox/ in your home directory:<br />
<br />
mkdir -p ~/.config/openbox/<br />
cp /etc/xdg/openbox/rc.xml ~/.config/openbox/<br />
cp /etc/xdg/openbox/menu.xml ~/.config/openbox/<br />
<br />
In the file "rc.xml" you can change various settings for Openbox (or you can use OBconf). In "menu.xml" you can change your right-click menu.<br />
<br />
To be able to log into openbox you can either go via graphical login using KDM/GDM or startx, in which case you will need to edit your ~/.xinitrc (as user) and add the following:<br />
<br />
exec openbox<br />
<br />
For KDM there is nothing left to do; openbox is listed in the sessions menu in KDM.<br />
<br />
Useful programs for openbox are:<br />
* PyPanel or LXpanel if you want a panel<br />
* feh if you want to set the background<br />
* ROX if you want a simple file manager and desktop icons<br />
<br />
More information is available in the [[Openbox]] article.<br />
<br />
===fvwm2===<br />
FVWM is an extremely powerful ICCCM-compliant multiple virtual desktop window manager for the X Window system. Development is active, and support is excellent. <br />
<br />
Install fvwm2 with<br />
pacman -S fvwm <br />
<br />
fvwm will automatically be listed in kdm/gdm in the sessions menu. Otherwise, add <br />
exec fvwm <br />
<br />
to your user's .xinitrc.<br />
<br />
Note that this stable version of fvwm is a few years old. If you want a more recent version of fvwm, there is a fvwm-devel package in the unstable repo.<br />
<br />
==HAL==<br />
Since you have now installed a desktop environment now would be a good time to also install HAL. HAL allows plug-and-play for your mobile phone, your iPod, your external HD's, etc. It will mount the device and make a nice visual icon on your desktop and/or in 'My Computer', allowing you to access the device after you have plugged it in instead of having to manually configure the /etc/fstab file or udev rules for each and every new device.<br />
<br />
KDE, GNOME and XFCE uses HAL.<br />
<br />
Refer to this article to install: [http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/HAL HAL]<br />
wikipedia: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HAL_(software) 1]<br />
<br />
==Useful Applications==<br />
This section will never be complete. It just shows some good applications for the everyday user. <br />
===Internet===<br />
<br />
=====Firefox=====<br />
The ever-popular Firefox web browser is available through pacman. Install with:<br />
<br />
pacman -S firefox<br />
Be sure and install 'flashplugin', 'mplayer', 'mplayer-plugin', and the 'codecs' packages for a complete web experience:<br />
pacman -S flashplugin mplayer mplayer-plugin codecs<br />
(The codecs package contains codecs for Quicktime and Realplayer content.)<br />
<br />
Thunderbird is useful for managing your emails. If you are using GNOME you may want to take a look at Epiphany and Evolution; if you are using KDE Konqueror and KMail could be your choice. If you want something completely different you can still use Opera. Finally, if you are working on the system console - or in a terminal session - you could use various text-based browsers like ELinks, Links and Lynx, and manage your emails with [[Mutt]]. Pidgin (previously known as Gaim) and Kopete are good instant messengers for GNOME and KDE, respectively. PSI and Gajim are perfect if you are using only Jabber or Google Talk.<br />
<br />
===Office===<br />
OpenOffice is a complete office suite (similar to Microsoft Office). Abiword is a good, small alternative word processor, and Gnumeric an Excel replacement for the GNOME desktop. KOffice is a complete office suite for the KDE Desktop. GIMP (or GIMPShop) is a pixel-based graphics program (similar to Adobe Photoshop), while Inkscape is a vector-based graphics program (like Adobe Illustrator). And, of course, Arch comes with a full set of LaTeX Programs.<br />
<br />
==Multimedia ==<br />
<br />
<br />
===Video Player===<br />
====VLC====<br />
VLC Player is a multimedia player for Linux. To install it, simply type the code below.<br />
<br />
pacman -S vlc<br />
<br />
(TODO) Instructions for VLC mozilla plug-in<br />
<br />
====Mplayer====<br />
MPlayer is a multimedia player for Linux. To install it, simply type the code below.<br />
<br />
pacman -S mplayer<br />
<br />
It also has a Mozilla plug-in for videos and streams embedded in web pages. To install it, simply type the code below.<br />
<br />
pacman -S mplayer-plugin<br />
<br />
If you use KDE, KMplayer is a better choice. It comes with a plug-in for videos and streams embedded in web pages, which works with Konqueror. To install it, simply type the code below.<br />
<br />
pacman -S kmplayer<br />
<br />
(TODO) GMPlayer instructions<br />
<br />
====GNOME====<br />
=====Totem=====<br />
[http://www.gnome.org/projects/totem/ Totem] is the official movie player of the GNOME desktop environment based on xine-lib or GStreamer (gstreamer is the default which installs with the arch totem package). It features a playlist, a full-screen mode, seek and volume controls, as well as keyboard navigation.<br />
It comes with added functionality such as:<br />
<br />
* Video thumbnailer for the file manager<br />
* Nautilus properties tab<br />
* Epiphany / Mozilla (Firefox) plugin to view movies inside your browser <br />
* Webcam utility (in development)<br />
<br />
Totem-xine is still the better choice if you want to watch DVDs.<br />
<br />
Totem is part of the gnome-extra group; the Totem webbrowser plugin isn't.<br />
<br />
To install separately:<br />
pacman -S totem<br />
<br />
To install the Totem webbrowser plugin:<br />
pacman -S totem-plugin<br />
<br />
====KDE====<br />
=====Kaffeine=====<br />
Kaffeine is a good option for KDE users. To install it, simply type the code below.<br />
<br />
pacman -S kaffeine<br />
<br />
===Audio Player===<br />
====Gnome/Xfce====<br />
=====Exaile=====<br />
[[Exaile]] is a music player written in Python that makes use of the GTK+ toolkit.<br />
=====Rhythmbox=====<br />
[http://www.gnome.org/projects/rhythmbox/ Rhythmbox] is an integrated music management application, originally inspired by Apple's iTunes. It is free software, designed to work well under the GNOME Desktop, and based on the powerful GStreamer media framework.<br />
<br />
Rhythmbox has a number of features, including:<br />
<br />
* Easy-to-use music browser<br />
* Searching and sorting<br />
* Comprehensive audio format support through GStreamer<br />
* Internet radio support<br />
* Playlists<br />
<br />
To install rhythmbox:<br />
pacman -S rhythmbox<br />
<br />
Other good audio players are: Banshee, Quodlibet, and Listen. See [http://gnomefiles.org/ Gnomefiles] to compare them.<br />
<br />
====KDE====<br />
=====Amarok=====<br />
[http://amarok.kde.org/ Amarok] is one of the best audio players and music library systems available for KDE. To install it, simply type the code below.<br />
<br />
pacman -S amarok-base<br />
<br />
====Console====<br />
Moc is a ncurses-based audio player for the console; another good choice is mpd.<br />
<br />
Another excellent choice is cmus[http://freshmeat.net/projects/cmus/].<br />
<br />
====Other X-based====<br />
(TODO) Xmms, audacious, bmpx.<br />
<br />
===Codecs and other multimedia content types===<br />
====DVD====<br />
You can use totem-xine, mplayer or kaffeine (just to name three of the big ones) to watch DVDs. The only thing you may miss is libdvdcss. Beware that using it may be illegal in some countries.<br />
<br />
====Flash====<br />
Install the flash plugin using<br />
pacman -S flashplugin<br />
to enable Macromedia (now Adobe) Flash in your browser.<br />
<br />
====Quicktime====<br />
Quicktime codecs are contained in the codecs package. Just type<br />
pacman -S codecs<br />
to install them.<br />
====Realplayer====<br />
The codec for Realplayer 9 is contained in the codecs package. Just type<br />
pacman -S codecs<br />
to install them. Realplayer 10 is available as a binary package for Linux. You can get it from AUR [http://aur.archlinux.org/packages.php?do_Details=1&ID=1590&O=0&L=0&C=0&K=realplay&SB=&SO=&PP=25&do_MyPackages=0&do_Orphans=0&SeB=nd here].<br />
<br />
===CD and DVD Burning===<br />
====GNOME====<br />
=====Brasero=====<br />
[http://www.gnome.org/projects/brasero/ Brasero] is an application that burns CDs/DVDs for the GNOME Desktop. It is designed to be as simple as possible and has some unique features to enable users to create their discs easily and quickly.<br />
<br />
To install:<br />
pacman -S brasero<br />
<br />
====KDE====<br />
=====K3b=====<br />
K3b - '''B'''urn, '''B'''aby, '''B'''urn in '''K'''DE<br />
-----<br />
[http://k3b.plainblack.com/ K3B] - CD/DVD burning application for Linux - optimized for KDE - licensed under the GPL.<br />
To install:<br />
pacman -S k3b<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
(Todo) cdrecord, graveman...<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Most CD burners are wrappers for cdrecord:<br />
<br />
pacman -S cdrkit<br />
<br />
If you install packages for CD/DVD burning applications like Brasero or K3B it also installs the CD/DVD burning library for it, like libburn or cdrkit.<br />
<br />
A good command-line DVD-burning tool is growisofs:<br />
<br />
pacman -S dvd+rw-tools<br />
<br />
===TV-Cards===<br />
There are several things to do if you want to watch TV under (Arch) Linux. The most important task is to find out which chip your tuner is using. However, quite a bunch is supported. Be sure to check at a Hardware Database to be sure (e.g. [http://en.opensuse.org/HCL/TV_Cards]). Once you know your Model, there are just a few steps ahead to get you going.<br />
<br />
In most cases, you will need to use the bttv-drivers (other drivers exist, see [http://linux.bytesex.org/v4l2/drivers.html]) together with the I2C-modules. Configuring those is the hardest task. If you are lucky, a<br />
modprobe bttv<br />
will autodetect the card (check dmesg for results). In that case, you need only to install an application to watch TV. We will look at that later, though.<br />
If the autodetection did not work, you will need to check the file CARDLIST, which is included in the tarball of bttv[http://dl.bytesex.org/releases/video4linux/] to find out the right parameters for your card. A PV951 without radio support would need this line:<br />
modprobe bttv card=42 radio=0<br />
Some cards need the following line to produce sound:<br />
modprobe tvaudio<br />
However, that varies. So just try it out. Some other cards demand the following line:<br />
modprobe tuner<br />
This is object to trial-and-error, too.<br />
<br />
TODO: clarify the installation-procedure<br />
<br />
To actually watch TV, install the xawtv-package with<br />
pacman -S xawtv <br />
and read its manpage.<br />
<br />
TODO: clarify some possible problems and procedures. Introduction to XAWTV on another page?<br />
<br />
===Digital Cameras===<br />
Most newer digital cameras are supported as USB mass storage devices, which means that you can simply plug it in and copy the images. Older cameras may use the PTP (Picture Transfer Protocol) which requires a "special driver". gPhoto2 provides this driver and allows a shell-based transfer of the images; digikam (for KDE) and gthumb (for GNOME, gtkam would be another choice) use this driver and offer a nice GUI.<br />
<br />
===USB Memory Sticks / Hard Disks===<br />
USB Memory Sticks and hard disks are supported out of the box with the USB mass storage device driver and will appear as a new SCSI device (/dev/sdX). If you are using KDE or GNOME you should use dbus and hal (add them to your daemons in /etc/rc.conf), and they will be automatically mounted. If you use a different Desktop Environment you may have a look at ivman.<br />
<br />
==Maintaining the system==<br />
===Pacman===<br />
[[Pacman]] is both a binary and source package manager which is able to download, install, and upgrade packages from both remote and local repositories with full dependency handling, and has easy-to-understand tools for crafting your own packages too.<br />
<br />
A more-detailed description of Pacman can be found in [[Pacman|its article]].<br />
<br />
==== Useful commands ====<br />
<br />
To synchronize and update the local packages database with the remote repositories (it is a good idea to do this before installing and upgrading packages):<br />
pacman -Sy<br />
<br />
To '''upgrade''' all packages on the system:<br />
pacman -Su<br />
<br />
To sync, update, and '''upgrade''' all the packages on the system with one command:<br />
pacman -Syu<br />
<br />
To install or upgrade a single package or list of packages (including dependencies):<br />
pacman -S packageA packageB<br />
<br />
You can also sync, update the package database, and install packages in one command:<br />
pacman -Sy packageA packageB<br />
<br />
To remove a single package, leaving all of its dependencies installed:<br />
pacman -R package<br />
<br />
To remove a package and all of the package's dependencies which aren't used by any other installed package:<br />
pacman -Rs package<br />
<br />
To remove all of the package's dependencies now unneeded and do not make any backup of settings:<br />
pacman -Rsn package<br />
<br />
To search the remote (repo) package database for a list of packages matching a given keyword:<br />
pacman -Ss keyword<br />
<br />
To list all packages on your system<br />
pacman -Q<br />
<br />
To search (query) the local (your machine) package database for a given package:<br />
pacman -Q package <br />
<br />
To search (query) the local (your machine) package database for a given package and list all pertinent information:<br />
pacman -Qi package<br />
<br />
To defragment pacman's cache database and optimize for speed:<br />
pacman-optimize<br />
<br />
To count how many packages are currently on your system:<br />
pacman -Q | wc -l<br />
<br />
To install a package compiled from source using ABS and makepkg:<br />
pacman -U packagename.pkg.tar.gz<br />
<br />
Note: There are countless additional pacman functions and commands. Try man pacman and consult the [[pacman]] wiki entries.<br />
<br />
==Polishing & Further information==<br />
If after you have read this you want to do a bit of polishing, head to [[Post Installation Tips]]. For further information and support you can go to the [http://www.archlinux.org homepage], search the wiki, the [http://bbs.archlinux.org forums], the [http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/ArchChannel IRC channel], and the [http://www.archlinux.org/mailman/listinfo/ mailing lists].</div>
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