https://wiki.archlinux.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Sander&feedformat=atomArchWiki - User contributions [en]2024-03-29T08:09:26ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.41.0https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_terminology&diff=11538Arch terminology2006-04-14T14:59:07Z<p>Sander: </p>
<hr />
<div>=Arch Terminology/Jargon for newbies=<br />
This page is intended to be a page to demystify common terms used among the Arch Linux community. Feel free to add or modify any terms, but please use that particular section's edit option. If you decide to add one, please put it in alphabetical order. <br />
<br />
==ABS==<br />
The Arch Build System (ABS for short) is useful to<br />
* Make new packages of software for which no packages are yet available<br />
* Customize/Modify existing packages to fit your needs (enabling or disabling options)<br />
* Re-build your entire system using your compiler flags, "a la gentoo" (And getting kernel modules working with your custom kernel!) <br />
ABS is not necessary to use Arch Linux, but it is useful. <br />
<br />
For more information see the [[ABS]] page<br />
<br />
==AUR==<br />
The ArchLinux User-Community Repository (AUR) is a community driven repository for Arch users. The AUR was initially conceived to organize the sharing of PKGBUILDs amongst the wider community and to expedite the inclusion of popular user-contributed packages into the [current] and [extra] repos via the AUR [community] repo. <br />
<br />
It is called to be the birthplace of Arch's new packages. This is because in the AUR, the users contribute their own packages. The AUR community votes for or against them, and eventually, once a package has been voted high enough, a AUR Trusted User takes it to the [community] repository, which is accessible via pacman and ABS.<br />
<br />
You can access the ArchLinux User-Community Repository [http://aur.archlinux.org here]<br />
<br />
==PKGBUILD==<br />
[http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/ABS#What_is_a_PKGBUILD_and_what_does_it_contain.3F PKGBUILD explained]<br />
<br />
==TU==<br />
'''T'''rusted '''U'''ser. This is someone who the other TU's have voted into place to manage the AUR and the [community] repository.<br />
<br />
Trusted Users have the ability to mark a package as safe on the AUR, and if it has been voted as popular, move it into the [community] repository.<br />
<br />
Trusted users follow the [AUR Trusted User Guidelines] and [http://archlinux.org/~simo/TUbylaws.html TU by-laws]<br />
<br />
==TUR==<br />
==community/[community]==<br />
The community repository is where pre-built packages are made available by Trusted Users. A majority of the packages in community, come from the AUR.<br />
<br />
To access the community repository, uncomment it in /etc/pacman.conf.<br />
<br />
==current/[current]==<br />
==custom/user repository==<br />
==developer==<br />
==devfs==<br />
The '''Dev'''ice '''F'''ile '''S'''ystem. DevFS handles dynamically the creation, deletion and permission management of device nodes in the /dev directory. It was the default kernel device manager in Arch Linux until release 0.7. Nowadays DevFS is deprecated and being removed from the Linux kernel. DevFS has been superseded by [[udev]].<br />
<br />
Note that Arch installation CDs prior to 0.7.1 use the devfs naming scheme when creating /etc/fstab entries. See [[DevFS to Udev]].<br />
<br />
==/etc/network-profiles==<br />
==/etc/rc.conf==<br />
/etc/rc.conf is the main system configuration file for Arch Linux. It allows you to set your keyboard, timezone, hostname, network, daemons to run and modules to load at bootup, profiles, and more. Detailed description of the configuration options is given here: http://archlinux.org/archdoc.html#cfile1<br />
<br />
==/etc/rc.d==<br />
/etc/rc.d is a directory that contains the scripts that handle starting and stopping of services. On every boot, the services that are present in the DAEMONS= array in /etc/rc.conf are started by running the corresponding scripts in /etc/rc.d.<br />
<br />
It is also possible to control the services from the command line (as root), e.g.,<br />
<br />
/etc/rc.d/cups start<br />
<br />
would start the CUPS daemon. Typical arguments for the scripts are start, stop and restart.<br />
<br />
==/etc/rc.local==<br />
This script is run at the end of every boot. It is intended for miscellaneous commands that you might want to execute before the login prompt. It is not recommended to add any services or settings in /etc/rc.local that could be started or set from /etc/rc.conf instead.<br />
<br />
==extra/[extra]==<br />
==hotplug==<br />
==hwd==<br />
==hwdetect==<br />
==initramfs==<br />
==initrd==<br />
The special file /dev/initrd is a read-only block device. Device /dev/initrd is a RAM disk that is initialized (e.g. loaded) by the boot loader before the kernel is started. The kernel then can use the block device /dev/initrd's contents for a two phased system boot-up.<br />
<br />
In the first boot-up phase, the kernel starts up and mounts an initial root file-system from the contents of /dev/initrd (e.g. RAM disk initialized by the boot loader). In the second phase, additional drivers or other modules are loaded from the initial root device's contents. After loading the additional modules, a new root file system (i.e. the normal root file system) is mounted from a different device.<br />
<br />
==makepkg==<br />
makepkg will build packages for you. makepkg will read the metadata required from a PKGBUILD file.<br />
All it needs is a build-capable linux platform, wget, and some build scripts. The advantage to a script-based build is that you only really do the work once. Once you have the build script for a package, you just need to run makepkg and it will do the rest: download and validate source files, check dependencies, configure the buildtime settings, build the package, install the package into a temporary root, make customizations, generate meta-info, and package the whole thing up for pacman to use.<br />
<br />
==namcap==<br />
namcap is a package analysis utility that looks for problems with archlinux packages or their PKGBUILD files. It can apply rules to the file list, the files themselves, or individual PKGBUILD files.<br />
<br />
Rules return lists of messages. Each message can be one of three types: error, warning, or information (think of them as notes or comments). Errors (designated by 'E:') are things that namcap is very sure are wrong and need to be fixed. Warnings (designated by 'W:') are things that namcap thinks should be changed but if you know what you're doing then you can leave them. Information (designated 'I:') are only shown when you use the info arguement. Information messages give information that might be helpful but isn't anything that needs changing.<br />
<br />
==package==<br />
==pacman==<br />
[http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Pacman The Pacman package manager] is one of the great highlights of Arch Linux. It combines a simple binary package format with an easy-to-use build system (see ABS). Pacman makes it possible to easily manage and customize packages, whether they be from the official Arch repositories or the user's own creations. The repository system allows users to build and maintain their own custom package repositories, which encourages community growth and contribution (see AUR). <br />
<br />
Pacman can keep a system up to date by synchronizing package lists with the master server, making it a breeze for the security-conscious system administrator to maintain. This server/client model also allows you to download/install packages with a simple command, complete with all required dependencies (similar to Debian's apt-get). <br />
<br />
NB: Pacman was written and is being maintained by Judd Vinet, the creator of Arch Linux. But it is used as a package management tool by other distros as well, such as FrugalWare (see also [[1]]), Rubix, UfficioZero (in Italian, based on Ubuntu!!), and of course ArchLinux-derivatives such as Archie and AEGIS.<br />
<br />
==pacman.conf==<br />
==release/[release]==<br />
==repository/repo==<br />
==rtfm==<br />
'''R'''ead '''T'''he '''F'''ucking '''M'''anual. This is simple message is replied to a lot of new linux/arch users who ask about the functionality of a program, when it is clearly defined in <pre>man program</pre><br />
<br />
It is often used when a user fails to make any attempt to find a solution to the problem themselves. If someone tells you this, they are not trying to offend you, they are just frustrated with your lack of effort. <br />
<br />
The best thing to do if you are told to do this, is to do as above, and read the manual page:<br />
<br />
* Read the program man page, at a command line<br />
man program-name<br />
* Search the wiki<br />
* Search the forum<br />
* Search Google<br />
<br />
==testing/[testing]==<br />
==udev==<br />
udev provides a dynamic device directory containing only the files for actually present devices. It creates or removes device node files in the /dev directory, or it renames network interfaces.<br />
<br />
Usually udev runs as udevd(8) and receives uevents directly from the kernel if a device is added or removed form the system.<br />
<br />
If udev receives a device event, it matches its configured rules against the available device attributes provided in sysfs to identify the device. Rules that match, may provide additional device information or specify a device node name and multiple symlink names and instruct udev to run additional programs as part of the device event handling.<br />
<br />
==unstable/[unstable]==<br />
==versionpkg==<br />
This is a very simple script that allows you to easily update your CVS and SVN packages without having to edit the PKGBUILDs manually to enter the date or revision number. <br />
<br />
Simply run this script rather than makepkg in the build dir. This script completely removes the need for backtick execution to set the date or tag version in PKGBUILDs.<br />
<br />
More detailed information can be found [http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Arch_CVS_%26_SVN_PKGBUILD_guidelines#versionpkg_-_a_makepkg_wrapper_for_CVS.2FSVN_builds here]<br />
<br />
==wiki==</div>Sanderhttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=NVIDIA&diff=11107NVIDIA2006-04-09T19:26:12Z<p>Sander: RV: Somebody replaced this with a czech (?) version. If anyone cares enough, check page history and make a separate page out of the czech version.</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Hardware]]<br />
[[Category:Kernel]]<br />
[[Category:XServer]]<br />
===How to install Nvidia Driver with pacman===<br />
<br />
====Info from Package Maintainer ''tpowa''====<br />
<br />
The package is for those people who run a stock arch kernel!<br />
I only test with kernel 2.6 and xorg.<br />
<br />
Multiple kernel users:<br />
You may need to install nvidia package for each extra!<br />
You may need to remove the kernel modules by hand after deinstall!<br />
<br />
<br />
====Installing drivers====<br />
<br />
You have to use extra repository, enable it for pacman.<br />
Leave X-Server, else pacman cannot finish installation and it will not work!<br />
run as root:<br />
pacman -Sy nvidia (for newer cards)<br />
pacman -Sy nvidia-legacy (for old cards)<br />
please look at the [http://download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86/1.0-8178/README/appendix-a.html <code>README</code>] from nvidia for information, which card is supported.<br />
<br />
If an error happens during install you can have a look at:<br />
/var/log/nvidia-installer.log<br />
<br />
====Configuring X-Server====<br />
<br />
Edit <code>/etc/X11/XF86Config</code> or your <code>/etc/X11/xorg.conf</code> config file:<br />
Disable in modules section:<br />
<code>GLcore</code> and <code>DRI</code><br />
<br />
Add to modules section:<br />
Load "glx"<br />
<br />
Disable <code>Section DRI</code> completely:<br />
#Section "DRI"<br />
# Mode 0666<br />
#EndSection<br />
<br />
Change <code>Driver "nv"</code> to <code>Driver "nvidia"</code><br />
If it exists disable <code>Chipset</code> option (only needed for nv driver).<br />
<br />
This was for basic setup, if you need more tweaking options<br />
have a look at <code>/usr/share/doc/NVIDIA_GLX-1.0/README.txt</code>.<br />
<br />
====Modifying Arch <code>rc.conf</code> file====<br />
<br />
Add <code>nvidia</code> to <code>/etc/rc.conf</code> MODULES section (not needed anymore if you run xorg and udev).<br />
Needed for nvidia-legacy and kernel >=2.6.13!<br />
<br />
If you would like to prevent having to reinstall the nvidia driver after kernel upgrades, add <code>nvidia</code> to your DAEMONS section as well.<br />
<br />
====Problems that might occur====<br />
<br />
=====Nvidia specific=====<br />
Xorg7:<br />
Please remove your old /usr/X11R6 dir it can cause trouble during installation.<br />
<br />
If you experience slow 3D Performance have a look at<br />
<code>/usr/lib/libGL.so.1</code>, <code>/usr/lib/libGL.so</code>, <code>/usr/lib/GLcore.so.1</code><br />
Perhaps they are wrong linked to mesa or something else.<br />
Try reinstalling with <code>pacman -S nvidia</code>.<br />
<br />
When you get this message when you try to start an openGL application (for example enemy-territory, or glxgears):<br />
Error: Could not open /dev/nvidiactl because the permissions are too restrictive. Please see the <code>FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS</code> section of <code>/usr/share/doc/NVIDIA_GLX-1.0/README</code> for steps to correct.<br />
<br />
Add yourself to the <code>video</code> group using <code>gpasswd -a ''yourusername'' video</code> (don't forget to log out and back in).<br />
<br />
=====Arch specific=====<br />
<br />
'''GCC update:'''<br />
You must compile the module with the compiler that was used for the kernel<br />
else it may fail.<br />
A simple <code>pacman -S nvidia</code> should do it, if not wait for a new kernel release and stay with old kernel and gcc.<br />
<br />
'''Kernel update:'''<br />
Kernel updates will require reinstalling the driver. A workaround is [http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/How_to_install_NVIDIA_driver#Modifying_Arch_rc.conf_file available].<br />
<br />
====Driver Config Tool====<br />
<br />
The new config tool for the nvidia-drivers is included called 'nvidia-settings'<br />
You don't have to use it it's only a add-on! <br><br />
For more information about the use, have a look at the following file:<br><br />
/usr/share/doc/NVIDIA_GLX-1.0/nvidia-settings-user-guide.txt<br><br />
Please install gtk2 with "pacman -S gtk2" in order to use this tool.<br />
<br />
'''NOTE:'''<br />
If you experience problems like crashing the X-Server while running the tool<br />
you have to delete your <code>.nvidia-settings-rc</code> file in your home directory.<br />
<br />
====Known Issues====<br />
<br />
If you experience crashes, try to disable <code>RenderAccel "true"</code> option.<br />
<br />
If you have nvidia installer complaining about different versions of gcc between the current one and the one used for compiling the kernel then see on how to install the traditional way but remember to <code>export IGNORE_CC_MISMATCH=1</code><br />
<br />
If you have comments on the package please post it here: http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?t=10692<br />
If you have a problem with the drivers have a look at the nvidia forum: http://www.nvnews.net/vbulletin/forumdisplay.php?s=&forumid=14<br />
For a Changelog please look here: http://www.nvidia.com/object/linux_display_ia32_1.0-7676.html<br />
<br />
Note: please don't change the above part without notifying me.<br />
<br />
<br />
===How to install NVIDIA Driver the traditional way===<br />
<br />
* Download the latest NVIDIA driver from: http://www.nvidia.com/object/linux.html<br />
File name will look something like this: <code>NVIDIA-Linux-x86-1.0-7167-pkg0.run</code><br />
<br />
The Kernel Steps (the following 4 steps) can be left out if you use at least kernel 2.6.5 because the needed Includes are now in the Kernel package<br />
<br />
* Download the kernel source for the kernel version you are using<br />
<code>uname -r</code> will give you kernel version<br />
** http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/ - for the 2.6 series<br />
** http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.4/ - for the 2.4 series<br />
<br />
* Move the current incomplete kernel source tree to 2.x.x.old:<br />
mv /usr/src/2.x.x /usr/src/2.x.x.old<br />
<br />
* Uncompress and unpack your source code in <code>/usr/src</code>:<br />
mv /path/to/linux-2.x.x.tar.bz2 /usr/src<br />
cd /usr/src<br />
tar --bzip2 -xvf linux-2.x.x.tar.bz2<br />
<br />
* Copy the old include directory and <code>.config</code> file into new source tree:<br />
cp -rp linux-2.x.x.old/include/ linux-2.x.x/include/<br />
cp linux-2.x.x.old/.config linux-2.x.x/.config<br />
<br />
* Go to a non-graphical session<br />
** Use Control-Alt-F5 (or whatever F key you want)<br />
** Login as root<br />
** Go to runlevel 3<br />
init 3<br />
<br />
* Run NVIDIA installer<br />
sh /path/to/NVIDIA-Linux-x86-1.0-5336-pkg0.run<br />
You will be asked to accept their license, then hit OK a couple times on informational screens, the driver will then be built and installed<br />
<br />
* Edit XFree86Config file<br />
** Use the editor of choice to open <code>/etc/X11/XFree86Config</code> and go to the <code>Device</code> section<br />
** Change your driver from current (probably <code>nv</code> or <code>vesa</code>) to <code>nvidia</code>:<br />
*** <code>Driver "nv"</code> to <code>Driver "nvidia"</code><br />
** Uncomment the glx load line<br />
*** <code>#Load "glx"</code> to <code>Load "glx"</code><br />
** Comment or delete the Chipset line if exists<br />
<br />
* Edit modules loaded on boot<br />
** Open <code>/etc/rc.conf</code> in editor<br />
** Add <code>nvidia</code> to modules section<br />
MODULES=(''... some modules ...'' nvidia)<br />
<br />
* Reboot the machine and enjoy 3D acceleration...and a tainted kernel :)<br />
<br />
<br />
===How to disable NVIDIA Graphics Logo on startup===<br />
<br />
* Edit XOrgConfig file<br />
** Go to the <code>Device</code> section<br />
** Add the <code>"NoLogo"</code> Option<br />
Option "NoLogo" "true"</div>Sanderhttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Main_page_(%E6%AD%A3%E9%AB%94%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=10282Main page (正體中文)2006-03-26T19:59:35Z<p>Sander: rv; SPAMMER: wampa</p>
<hr />
<div>__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__<br />
{{Navigate_i18n_mainpages}}{{newpagelinksmain}}<br />
=== ArchLinux Wiki ===<br />
歡迎使用 [[ArchLinux]] 共筆系統 (Wiki). <br />
<br />
{{sn|新手上路 :<br />
* [[ArchLinux (繁體中文)]]<br />
* [[Arch vs 其他發行版]]<br />
* [[FAQ 常見問答集]]<br />
* [[The Arch Way]]<br />
* [[ArchWiki 使用教學]]<br />
}}<br />
==== Wiki 最新消息 ====<br />
有時候,有些最新消息值得我們發佈一則新聞稿, 但是可能只和 wiki 有關. 關於這些只和 wiki 有關係的消息, 請參閱 [[Wiki News]] 這一頁.<br />
<br />
==== 自己動手試看看 ====<br />
這是一份關於 wiki 內幾篇主要文章的名單. 大部分的時候,你都可以直接使用在頁面左方(或是右方)的 <b>瀏覽主題列 (navigation bar)</b> 來開始瀏覽 wiki 頁面的內容, 然後使用頁面上方的 <b>分頁選項 (panels)</b> 來開始編輯某個頁面的內容. 在每個頁面的最下方,你則可以找到連接到其他 Arch Linux 網站的連接. <br />
<br />
==== How Tos 教學篇 ====<br />
在設定某個軟體(硬體)時遇到困難?不知道該去哪裡找解答和資料?<br><br />
我們建議你先從 [[:Category:HowTos (繁體中文)|HowTos category]] 開始搜尋起,一般而言,你應該可以在這找到你需要的資訊。 先找出你的問題可能屬於的類別 (categories), 然後是著搜尋一下相關的主題。如果你還是無法找到需要的資訊,你可以試看看頁面左方,就在瀏覽主題列 (Navigation bar) 下方的的搜尋功能 (search box).<br />
<br />
==== 建立你自己的頁面 ====<br />
在建立/編輯一個頁面的內容前,你必須先建立你的帳號. 當你建立好自己的帳號後,請先試著在 [[Sandbox]] (沙盒)裡面測試並熟悉一下 ArchWiki 所使用的排版語法 (markups). 你自己的 user page 也是個你可以用來測試和練習的好地方. 在 [[:Category:Help|Wiki Help Category]] 這一個頁面,你可以找到關於如何使用這些語法的簡介和範例. 你隨時都可以在頁面左方的瀏覽主題列上找到這個頁面的連接.<br />
<br />
==== 負責人 ====<br />
任何問題或是建議請參閱 [[ContactList]] 的負責人聯絡名單<br />
<br />
{{navigatearchlinux}}</div>Sanderhttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Convert_ext2_to_ext3&diff=10281Convert ext2 to ext32006-03-26T19:58:56Z<p>Sander: rv; SPAMMER: merl</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Installation]]<br />
[[Category:System Configuration]] <br />
[[Category:System Maintenance]]<br />
If you have installed Arch to an ext2 filesystem, it is a good idea to enable the journal and turn it into an ext3 filesystem. Journalling provides a range of benefits.<br />
<br />
All you need is the command: <br />
tune2fs -j DRIVE <br />
Where DRIVE is /dev/discs/disc0/part1 or /dev/hda1 for example. <br />
<br />
Note that once you have done that '''you then need to edit'''<br />
/etc/fstab <br />
accordingly and change <br />
ext2<br />
to <br />
ext3<br />
for the partition's filesystem.</div>Sanderhttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Mouse_acceleration&diff=10238Mouse acceleration2006-03-25T21:48:46Z<p>Sander: rm spam</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Hardware]]<br />
[[Category:XServer]]<br />
====Q: How do I set the mouse speed under X windows?====<br />
<b>A: </b>If you want to set your mouse speed in X, you have to use the '''xset''' command. Your mouse speed is controlled by acceleration and threshold levels. The command synopsis is <code>xset m acceleration threshold</code>.<br />
<br />
For example:<br />
<pre><br />
xset m 4 1<br />
</pre><br />
<br><br />
''Acceleration'' defines how many times faster the cursor will move than the default speed, when the cursor moves more than ''threshold'' pixels in a short time. ''Acceleration'' can be a fraction, so if you want to slow down the mouse you can use 1/2, and if 3 is slightly too fast, but 2 is too slow, you can use 5/2. You effectively disable the threshold by setting it to 1, that way the cursor will always move the same speed. To get the default settings back, type <code>xset m default</code>. You can add the xset command to your ~/.xinitrc to get the desired mouse speed every time X starts.<br />
<br />
For more info see <code>man xset</code>.</div>Sanderhttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Main_page_(%E6%AD%A3%E9%AB%94%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=10236Main page (正體中文)2006-03-25T21:46:33Z<p>Sander: rm spam</p>
<hr />
<div>__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__<br />
{{Navigate_i18n_mainpages}}{{newpagelinksmain}}<br />
=== ArchLinux Wiki ===<br />
歡迎使用 [[ArchLinux]] 共筆系統 (Wiki). <br />
<br />
{{sn|新手上路 :<br />
* [[ArchLinux (繁體中文)]]<br />
* [[Arch vs 其他發行版]]<br />
* [[FAQ 常見問答集]]<br />
* [[The Arch Way]]<br />
* [[ArchWiki 使用教學]]<br />
}}<br />
==== Wiki 最新消息 ====<br />
有時候,有些最新消息值得我們發佈一則新聞稿, 但是可能只和 wiki 有關. 關於這些只和 wiki 有關係的消息, 請參閱 [[Wiki News]] 這一頁.<br />
<br />
==== 自己動手試看看 ====<br />
這是一份關於 wiki 內幾篇主要文章的名單. 大部分的時候,你都可以直接使用在頁面左方(或是右方)的 <b>瀏覽主題列 (navigation bar)</b> 來開始瀏覽 wiki 頁面的內容, 然後使用頁面上方的 <b>分頁選項 (panels)</b> 來開始編輯某個頁面的內容. 在每個頁面的最下方,你則可以找到連接到其他 Arch Linux 網站的連接. <br />
<br />
==== How Tos 教學篇 ====<br />
在設定某個軟體(硬體)時遇到困難?不知道該去哪裡找解答和資料?<br><br />
我們建議你先從 [[:Category:HowTos (繁體中文)|HowTos category]] 開始搜尋起,一般而言,你應該可以在這找到你需要的資訊。 先找出你的問題可能屬於的類別 (categories), 然後是著搜尋一下相關的主題。如果你還是無法找到需要的資訊,你可以試看看頁面左方,就在瀏覽主題列 (Navigation bar) 下方的的搜尋功能 (search box).<br />
<br />
==== 建立你自己的頁面 ====<br />
在建立/編輯一個頁面的內容前,你必須先建立你的帳號. 當你建立好自己的帳號後,請先試著在 [[Sandbox]] (沙盒)裡面測試並熟悉一下 ArchWiki 所使用的排版語法 (markups). 你自己的 user page 也是個你可以用來測試和練習的好地方. 在 [[:Category:Help|Wiki Help Category]] 這一個頁面,你可以找到關於如何使用這些語法的簡介和範例. 你隨時都可以在頁面左方的瀏覽主題列上找到這個頁面的連接.<br />
<br />
==== 負責人 ====<br />
任何問題或是建議請參閱 [[ContactList]] 的負責人聯絡名單<br />
<br />
{{navigatearchlinux}}</div>Sanderhttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Convert_ext2_to_ext3&diff=10235Convert ext2 to ext32006-03-25T21:45:30Z<p>Sander: rm spam</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Installation]]<br />
[[Category:System Configuration]] <br />
[[Category:System Maintenance]]<br />
If you have installed Arch to an ext2 filesystem, it is a good idea to enable the journal and turn it into an ext3 filesystem. Journalling provides a range of benefits.<br />
<br />
All you need is the command: <br />
tune2fs -j DRIVE <br />
Where DRIVE is /dev/discs/disc0/part1 or /dev/hda1 for example. <br />
<br />
Note that once you have done that '''you then need to edit'''<br />
/etc/fstab <br />
accordingly and change <br />
ext2<br />
to <br />
ext3<br />
for the partition's filesystem.</div>Sanderhttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=GRUB_Legacy&diff=10062GRUB Legacy2006-03-23T19:37:10Z<p>Sander: Correcting a small factual error about pacman -R lilo</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Boot Process]]<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|GRUB}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|עברית|GRUB (עברית)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
GRand Unified Bootloader (GRUB)<br />
<br />
= Installation into Master Boot Record = <br />
<br />
grub-install -root-directory ''Mount-Point'' (hd''n'') <br />
<br />
Installs grub into the MBR of a hard disc. The option gives the path to the kernel-image, if it is not in <code>/</code>, f.e. in <code>/boot</code>.<br><br />
(hd''n'') is a disc, where n is the number of the disc, starting with 0.<br />
<br />
Example:<br />
grub-install --root-directory=/boot '(hd0)'<br />
<br />
grub-install /dev/hda<br />
<br />
= Configuration =<br />
The grub configuration is done in this file:<br />
/boot/grub/menu.lst<br />
<br />
* <i>(hdn,m)</i> is the partition m on disc n, numbers starting with 0<br />
* <i>splashimage (hdn,m)/grub/Name.xpm.gz</i> is the splash-image-file<br />
* <i>default n</i> is the default boot entry, that is choosen after timout for user action<br />
* <i>timeout m</i> time m to wait in seconds for a user selection, before default is booted<br />
* <i>password -md5 str</i> encrypted boot password 'str'<br />
* <i>title str</i> title string 'str' for a boot entry<br />
* <i>root (hdn,m)</i> base partition, where the kernel is stored to<br />
* <i>kernel /path ro root=/dev/device initrd /initrd.img</i> use the root option, if the kernel not placed in /<br />
* <i>makeactive<br>chainloader +1</i> sets root active and gives booting procedure to its boot-loader (for Windows, f.e.)<br />
* <i>map (hd0) (hd1)<br>map (hd1) (hd0)</i> changes primary and secondary disc for a boot, necessary to boot Windows from a secondary disc<br />
* <i>root (hdn,m,z)<br>kernel /boot/loader</i> boots the FreeBSD-Partition x<br />
* <i>default saved</i> remebers each current boot selection and makes it the new default. Place "savedefault" at the end of each boot section, for that you want this feature shall be used.<br />
<br />
For those who like eye-candy, there is [[Graphical GRUB]].<br />
== LiLO and GRUB interaction ==<br />
If you once had used [[lilo]] Don't forget to remove it with <br />
pacman -R lilo<br />
as some tasks (f.e. kernel compilation using <code>make all</code>) will make a lilo call, and then lilo is installed over grub.<br />
Note that this will not remove lilo from the MBR, but it will be overwritten when you install another bootloader.<br />
<br />
* Read also [[Grub configure examples]]<br />
<br />
==== Troubleshooting====<br />
<br />
* If you are having problems like grub freezing when you do a grub install, use the command abs to get the PKGBUILS of the arch base packages and then use the command as root:<br />
<br />
cd /var/abs/base/grub/<br />
./install-grub<br />
<br />
= External Resources =<br />
* [http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/ Grub Website]</div>Sanderhttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux_(%E6%AD%A3%E9%AB%94%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=9804Arch Linux (正體中文)2006-03-18T19:39:37Z<p>Sander: rv: and more spam. ARGH.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Deutsch|ArchLinux (Deutsch)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|ArchLinux}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Français|ArchLinux (Français)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Português do Brasil|ArchLinux_(Portugues_do_Brasil)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|繁體中文|ArchLinux (繁體中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|ArchLinux (简体中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Русский|ArchLinux (Русский)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
{{translateme}}<br />
<br />
= 什麼是 Arch Linux? =<br />
<br />
Arch Linux 是個專為 '''i686 微處理器最佳化過的 linux distribution (套件發行版)'''。Arch Linux 一開始是取用 CRUX 的核心思想,CRUX 是一套由 Per Lidén 開發,很棒的 Linux distribution。<br />
<br />
== Arch Linux 的優勢 ==<br />
<br />
Arch 的特點是fast, lightweight, flexible 和 simple (快速,輕巧,可塑性高和簡易)。這幾個形容詞看起來可能一點也不吸引人,但是至少他們都很正確的描寫出 Arch Linux 的特點。因為 Arch 特別針對 i686 微處理器做過最佳化,所以你可得到 CPU 在每個 cycle 內所能提供的最大的效用。與 RedHat 等其他的 Linux 套件發行版相比,Arch 顯得輕巧多了,同時 Arch 的簡單設計 (simple design) 也讓使用者可以輕易的幫他擴展功能並把他塑造為符合您的需求的系統。<br />
<br />
== 獨一無二的套件管理模式 ==<br />
<br />
This is backed by an easy-to-use binary package system - [[pacman]] - that allows you to upgrade your entire system with one command. Arch also uses a ports-like package build system (Arch Build System) to make it easy to build packages, which can also be synchronized with one command. Oh yea, and you can rebuild your entire system with one command, too. Everything is done quite simply and transparently.<br />
<br />
== 只取最好的 ==<br />
<br />
Arch Linux strives to maintain the latest stable version of its software. We currently support a fairly streamlined core package set with a growing collection of extra packages made by users and AL developers.<br />
<br />
== 簡單就是美 ==<br />
<br />
In its goal to be simple and lightweight, I've left out the relatively useless portions of a linux system, things like /usr/doc and the info pages. In my own personal experience these are rarely used, and the equivalent information can be obtained from the net if need be. Man pages all the way...<br />
<br />
== 最新的工具與技術 ==<br />
<br />
Arch Linux also strives to use some of the newer features that are available to Linux users, such as Ext3/ReiserFS and udev support. Arch Linux 0.7 (Wombat) uses the 2.6 linux kernel by default, and has support for XFS/JFS.<br />
<br />
== 其他參考資料 ==<br />
<br />
Arch 的官方網站在 http://www.archlinux.org/ 。在官方網站上你也可以找到其他相關資源的連接,例如官方提供的使用者論壇(請注意,這是由使用者自行管理,掛在官方網站下的論壇 - 很多官方開發者並不會直接參與裡面的討論),官方的文件和其他連接。你也可以參閱 [[TheArchWay]] 這一篇文章以獲得更多關於 Arch 與 Arch 背後的哲學思想的資訊。<br />
<br />
== 中文方面的資料 ==<br />
<br />
中文方面的資料目前可分為繁體中文(台灣)和簡體(中國)兩部分。<br />
<br />
繁體中文的部分主要是由 [http://cle.linux.org.tw CLE] 來負責。目前提供的資源有官方 ftp 的 mirror,一個討論區和一個 wiki 來作中文方面得資源整合。<br />
<br />
簡體中文主要是由 [http://www.linuxsir.org Linuxsir] 來負責。目前提供了一個入口網頁作中文資源整合,和一個討論區。</div>Sanderhttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Screen_capture&diff=9803Screen capture2006-03-18T19:38:50Z<p>Sander: rv: spam again...</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Desktop]]<br />
<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|Taking a Screenshot}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|屏幕抓图}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
An easy way to take a screenshot of your curent system is using the import command:<br />
import -window root screenshot.jpg<br />
<br />
import is part of the imagemagick package.<br />
<br />
If you run twinview or dualhead, simply take the screenshot twice and use imagemagick to paste them together:<br />
import -window root -display :0.0 -screen /tmp/0.png<br />
import -window root -display :0.1 -screen /tmp/1.png<br />
convert +append /tmp/0.png /tmp/1.png screenshot.png<br />
rm /tmp/{0,1}.png<br />
<br />
There are also several other ways to do this.<br />
You could use the application called scrot or it might be a overkill but you also can take screenshots with gimp (File -> Acquire -> Screenshot ...).<br />
<br />
If you use KDE, you might want to use ksnapshot, and if you use Gnome, you can just press the <Prt Scr> key.</div>Sanderhttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux&diff=9229Arch Linux2006-03-06T17:16:22Z<p>Sander: Added the i18n link for the hebrew version</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:General]]<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Deutsch|ArchLinux (Deutsch)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|ArchLinux}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Français|ArchLinux (Français)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Português do Brasil|ArchLinux_(Portugues_do_Brasil)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|繁體中文|ArchLinux (繁體中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|ArchLinux (简体中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Русский|ArchLinux (Русский)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Slovenčina|ArchLinux_(Slovenčina)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|עברית|ArchLinux (עברית)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
== What is Arch Linux? ==<br />
Arch Linux is an independent i686-optimised community distribution for intermediate and advanced Linux users. Originally based on ideas from CRUX, a great distribution developed by Per Lidén.<br />
<br />
== Advantages ==<br />
Arch is fast, lightweight, flexible and simple. Those aren't very fancy buzzwords but they're all true. Arch is optimized for the i686 processor, so you get more for your cpu cycle. It's lightweight compared to RedHat et al, and its simple design makes it easy to extend and mold into whatever kind of system you're building.<br />
<br />
== Unique Package Management ==<br />
This is backed by an easy-to-use binary package system - [[pacman]] - that allows you to upgrade your entire system with one command. Arch also uses a ports-like package build system ([[ABS - The Arch Build System|Arch Build System]]) to make it easy to build packages, which can also be synchronized with one command. Oh yea, and you can rebuild your entire system with one command, too. Everything is done quite simply and transparently.<br />
<br />
== Only the best ==<br />
Arch Linux strives to maintain the latest stable version of its software. We currently support a fairly streamlined core package set with a growing collection of extra packages made by users and AL developers.<br />
<br />
== Simplicity is the key ==<br />
In its goal to be simple and lightweight, I've left out the relatively useless portions of a linux system, things like /usr/doc and the info pages. In my own personal experience these are rarely used, and the equivalent information can be obtained from the net if need be. Man pages all the way...<br />
<br />
== Modern Tools ==<br />
Arch Linux also strives to use some of the newer features that are available to Linux users, such as Ext3/ReiserFS and udev support. Arch Linux 0.7 (Wombat) uses the 2.6 linux kernel by default, and has support for XFS/JFS.<br />
<br />
== Further Reading ==<br />
Arch's Homepage is at http://www.archlinux.org/, where you can also find links to the user forums, official documentation, and everything else that is Arch. You can also read the [[The Arch Way]] for a bit more insight.</div>Sanderhttps://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux&diff=9228Arch Linux2006-03-06T17:13:19Z<p>Sander: REVERT: somebody replaced the English article with its Hebrew translation, heh.</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:General]]<br />
{{i18n_links_start}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Deutsch|ArchLinux (Deutsch)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|English|ArchLinux}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Français|ArchLinux (Français)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Português do Brasil|ArchLinux_(Portugues_do_Brasil)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|繁體中文|ArchLinux (繁體中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|简体中文|ArchLinux (简体中文)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Русский|ArchLinux (Русский)}}<br />
{{i18n_entry|Slovenčina|ArchLinux_(Slovenčina)}}<br />
{{i18n_links_end}}<br />
<br />
== What is Arch Linux? ==<br />
Arch Linux is an independent i686-optimised community distribution for intermediate and advanced Linux users. Originally based on ideas from CRUX, a great distribution developed by Per Lidén.<br />
<br />
== Advantages ==<br />
Arch is fast, lightweight, flexible and simple. Those aren't very fancy buzzwords but they're all true. Arch is optimized for the i686 processor, so you get more for your cpu cycle. It's lightweight compared to RedHat et al, and its simple design makes it easy to extend and mold into whatever kind of system you're building.<br />
<br />
== Unique Package Management ==<br />
This is backed by an easy-to-use binary package system - [[pacman]] - that allows you to upgrade your entire system with one command. Arch also uses a ports-like package build system ([[ABS - The Arch Build System|Arch Build System]]) to make it easy to build packages, which can also be synchronized with one command. Oh yea, and you can rebuild your entire system with one command, too. Everything is done quite simply and transparently.<br />
<br />
== Only the best ==<br />
Arch Linux strives to maintain the latest stable version of its software. We currently support a fairly streamlined core package set with a growing collection of extra packages made by users and AL developers.<br />
<br />
== Simplicity is the key ==<br />
In its goal to be simple and lightweight, I've left out the relatively useless portions of a linux system, things like /usr/doc and the info pages. In my own personal experience these are rarely used, and the equivalent information can be obtained from the net if need be. Man pages all the way...<br />
<br />
== Modern Tools ==<br />
Arch Linux also strives to use some of the newer features that are available to Linux users, such as Ext3/ReiserFS and udev support. Arch Linux 0.7 (Wombat) uses the 2.6 linux kernel by default, and has support for XFS/JFS.<br />
<br />
== Further Reading ==<br />
Arch's Homepage is at http://www.archlinux.org/, where you can also find links to the user forums, official documentation, and everything else that is Arch. You can also read the [[The Arch Way]] for a bit more insight.</div>Sander