https://wiki.archlinux.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Spaike97&feedformat=atomArchWiki - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T10:57:53ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.41.0https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux_on_a_VPS_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=410374Arch Linux on a VPS (简体中文)2015-11-28T04:47:28Z<p>Spaike97: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Getting and installing Arch (简体中文)]]<br />
[[Category:Virtualization (简体中文)]]<br />
[[en:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
[[ja:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
{{Related articles start (简体中文)}}<br />
{{Related|Comprehensive Server Guide}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
{{TranslationStatus (简体中文)|Virtual_Private_Server|2015-1-19|356784}}<br />
摘自 [[Wikipedia:Virtual private server]]:<br />
<br />
:''Virtual private server (VPS) is a term used by Internet hosting services to refer to a virtual machine. The term is used for emphasizing that the virtual machine, although running in software on the same physical computer as other customers' virtual machines, is in many respects functionally equivalent to a separate physical computer, is dedicated to the individual customer's needs, has the privacy of a separate physical computer, and can be configured to run server software.''<br />
<br />
本文主要讨论Arch Linux在VPS方面的应用, 并且包括了一些VPS的详细的安装于维护的指南.<br />
<br />
{{警告|systemd从版本205开始就不再支持Linux 2.6.32了(system-212或更高的版本也不行). 因为很多基于容器的虚拟环境依赖较老版本的内核, 在这样的环境下想要保证Arch Linux 随时都是最新版本是不现实的. 然而截止[http://openvz.org/Download/kernel/rhel6/042stab094.7 kernel build 042stab094.7], OpenVZ已经对 CLOCK_BOOTTIME 特性进行了backport, 并且现在他可以和最新的systemd一起正常运行.}}<br />
<br />
==支持Arch Linux的提供商==<br />
<br />
{{警告|我们无法为提供商的质量与诚信做担保. 请在下订单前自行进行调查.}}<br />
{{注意|这个列表只列出了那些提供便捷的Arch Linux模板的提供商. 在其他提供商的环境中试用Arch Linux仍然是可行的, 只是相比之下需要更多的工作. 比如我们可以加载自定义的光盘映像 (这需要硬件层面的虚拟化, 比如Xen or KVM), [[Installation guide|installing under chroot]], 或者 [[Virtual Private Server#Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider|using rsync to synchronize Arch over the top of another distribution]].}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! 提供商名 !! Arch 版本 !! 虚拟化环境 !! 地理地点 !! 注意事项<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.milesweb.com/vps-hosting.php A MilesWeb VPS] || 2013.10.14 || OpenVZ || 欧洲, 印度, 美利坚 || Latest Arch Linux available on OpenVZ platform. Quick setup, 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email and Phone. VPS starts from $20 / mo<br />
|-<br />
| [http://123systems.net 123 Systems] || 2010.05.xx || OpenVZ || 达拉斯, 美国-德克萨斯 || Arch available as a selection upon reinstall. Very old (2.6.18-308) kernel - See [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|OpenVZ troubleshooting]]. Limited information available before purchase. Cannot verify Arch Linux version without purchase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://ausweb.com.au AUSWEB] || 一律最新 (啥?) || VMware ESXi || 悉尼, 澳大利亚 || Latest ISO (clarify?) of Arch Available. Enterprise Service. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.affinity.net.nz affinity.net.nz] || 2013.08.01 || KVM || 奥克兰, 新西兰 || IRC channel is #affinity on ircs.kiwicon.org<br />
|-<br />
| [http://afterburst.com/ Afterburst] || 2012.12.01 || OpenVZ || 迈阿密, 美国-佛罗里达; 纽伦堡, 德国 || Formerly FanaticalVPS, kernel version depends on what node your VPS is on, the ones in Miami are fine (2.6.32-042stab072.10) but some of the ones in Germany require a [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|custom glibc]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.buyvm.net/ BuyVM] || 2013.07.01 || KVM || 洛杉矶, 水牛城 纽约 || Must chose a different OS at sign up. Once accessible, choose to mount the latest Arch ISO and reboot to install manually. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://en.edis.at/ Edis] || [http://www.edis.at/en/support-and-service/faq/server-faq/which-distributions-are-available-with-edis-kvm-vps-plans/ 2013.03.01] || vServer, KVM, OpenVZ || [http://www.edis.at/en/server/kvm-vps/austria/ 大量国际节点]. || Also offer dedicated server options as well as an "off-shore" location at the Isle of Man (IM).<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.directvps.nl/ DirectVPS] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰; 洛特丹, 荷兰 || Dutch language site. Version verifyable by clicking through https://www.directvps.nl/try-1.plp?p=31<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gandi.net/hosting/ Gandi] || 2013.10.27 || Xen || 巴黎, 法国; 巴尔地摩, 马里兰, 美国; 比森, 卢森堡 || Very granular scaling of system resources (e.g. RAM, disk space); IPv6-only option available; you can supply your own install image, version based on keyring package version ||<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gigatux.com/virtual.php GigaTux] || [https://www.gigatux.com/distro/ 2013.06.01] || Xen || 芝加哥, 美国-伊利诺伊; 法兰克福, 德国, 伦敦, 大不列颠; 圣琼斯, 美国-加州 ||<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vr.org/ Host Virtual] || [http://www.vr.org/os/linux-vps/archlinux-vps 2011.08.19] || KVM || [http://www.vr.org/cloud-locations/ 大量国际节点] || Appears to use KVM virtualization. Site lists "Xen based virtualization" and [http://www.vr.org/features/ features] lists ability to install from ISO.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://hostigation.com/ Hostigation] || [https://hostigation.com/wiki/index.php?title=KVM:Install 2010.05 i686] || OpenVZ, KVM || 夏洛特, 美国-北卡; 洛杉矶, 美国-加州 || You can [[Migrating Between Architectures Without Reinstalling|migrate to x86_64]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.intovps.com IntoVPS] || 2012.09.xx || OpenVZ || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰; 布加列斯特, 罗马尼亚; 达拉斯, 美国-德克萨斯; 费利蒙, 美国-加州; 伦敦, 大不列颠 || Blog has not been updated since September, 2012 which included the Arch Linux update.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://leapswitch.com Leapswitch Networks] || [2013.10.xx] || OpenVZ/KVM || 美利坚, 印度, 葡萄牙, 西班牙, 乌克兰, 德国 || ArchLinux currently available in Control Panel for reinstall, not on order form. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.linode.com Linode.com] || [https://www.linode.com/faq.cfm 2013.06.xx] || Xen|| [https://www.linode.com/speedtest/ 东京, 日本; 美国; 伦敦, 大不列颠] || To run a custom kernel, install {{AUR|linux-linode}}. ({{pkg|linux}} will break on a 32-bit Linode.)<br />
|-<br />
| [http://lylix.net/ LYLIX] || [http://lylix.net/archlinux 2014.01.xx] || OpenVZ || 美利坚; 欧洲 || 32-bit and 64-bit available <br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.nodedeploy.com Node Deploy] || 2014.10.01 || OpenVZ, KVM || 德国; 洛杉矶, 美国-加州; 亚特兰大, 美国-佐治亚; 凤凰城, 美国-亚利桑那 || "At NodeDeploy we support virtually every linux distribution." Arch Linux is listed under their Operating Systems. No version information.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://netcup.de Netcup] || 2012.11.xx || KVM || 德国|| German language site. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://onepoundwebhosting.co.uk OnePoundWebHosting] || 2013.05.xx || Xen PV, Xen HVM || 英国 || They are a registrar too. Unable to verify server locations.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.proplay.biz/ proPlay.de] || 2012.12.xx || OpenVZ, KVM || 德国 || German language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.quickvz.com QuickVZ] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ, Xen || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰; 斯德哥尔摩, 瑞典 || Provide hardened Arch Linux images along with Enterprise services (e,g. VPN, Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) and Virtual Routers.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/cloud_hosting_products/servers/ Rackspace Cloud] || 2013.6 || Xen || [https://www.rackspace.com/whyrackspace/network/datacenters/ 大量国际节点] || Billed per hour. Use their "next gen" VPSes (using the mycloud.rackspace.com panel); the Arch image on the first gen Rackspace VPSes is out of date.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramhost.us RamHost.us] || [http://www.ramhost.us/?page=news 2013.05.01] || OpenVZ, KVM || 洛杉矶, 美国-加州; 大不列颠; 亚特兰大, 美国-佐治亚; 德国 || You can request a newer ISO on RamHost's IRC network.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramnode.com RamNode] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=48 2013.07.01] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=39 SSD and SSD Cached:] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=52 OpenVZ, KVM] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=18 西雅图, 华盛顿 美国, 亚特兰大, 佐治亚 美国] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=66 You can request Host/CPU passthrough with KVM service.] [http://www.ramnode.com/about.php Customer service has been prompt and professional.] [https://twitter.com/search?q=ramnode%20code&src=typd Regular discount codes can be found (15-35% off).] [http://www.ramnode.com/index.php Modern hardware.] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/cart.php?carttpl=svz Competitive pricing (before discounts).]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.tilaa.nl/ Tilaa] || 2014.10.01 || [https://www.tilaa.com/pages/vps/technology KVM] || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰 || English or Dutch language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.transip.eu/ TransIP] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-os/ 2013.05.01] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-technology/ KVM] || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰 || English language site. Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/ XenVZ] || 2009.12.07 || OpenVZ, Xen || 英国, 美利坚 || [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/faq.php#use2 Hardware]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.virpus.com/ Virpus] || [http://virpus.com/linux-vps.php 2014.11.07] || Xen || 堪萨斯城, 美国-堪萨斯; 洛杉矶, 美国-加州 || A subcompany of Wow Technologies, Inc. 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email, Phone, and Ticket System. Service starts at $5/month.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vmline.pl/ Vmline] || 2013.09.01 || KVM, OpenVZ || 克拉科夫, 波兰 || [http://www.s-net.pl/en/ S-Net] reseller. Full virtualization. Polish language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vpsbg.eu/ VPSBG.eu] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ || [https://vpsbg.eu/en/index.php?page=vps-datacenter 索菲亚, 保加利亚] || Offshore VPS in Bulgaria - anonymous registrations and Bitcoin are accepted.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vps6.net/ VPS6.NET] || 2013.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps6.net/network/ 美国]; 法兰克福, 德国; 布加列斯特, 罗马尼亚; 伊斯坦布尔, 土耳其 || Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vps.net/ VPS.NET] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps.net/cloud-datacenter-locations US, 加拿大, 英国, 巴西, 荷兰, 法国, 德国, 日本, 新加坡, 印度, 澳大利亚] || Managed & Un managed VPS service provider, multiple OS and configurations..<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==安装==<br />
<br />
===KVM===<br />
{{Expansion|我们需要专门针对VPS的指南.}}<br />
参阅 [[QEMU#Preparing an (Arch) Linux guest]].<br />
<br />
===OpenVZ===<br />
<br />
====在任意OpenVZ提供商上安装Arch Linux ====<br />
<br />
{{警告|阅读 [[#top|最上的警告]] 来了解关于较老版本内核和systemd的相关信息.}}<br />
<br />
It's possible to directly copy an installation of Arch Linux over the top of a working OpenVZ VPS. This tutorial explains how to create a basic installation of Arch Linux with {{ic|pacstrap}} (as used in a standard install) and then replace the contents of a target VPS with it using [[rsync]].<br />
<br />
This process (with minor modification) also works to migrate existing Arch installations between various environments and has been confirmed to work in migrating from OpenVZ to Xen and from Xen to OpenVZ. For an install to Xen, other hardware-virtualized platforms, or probably even to physical hardware (unconfirmed), extra steps (basically running {{ic|mkinitcpio}} and [[Boot loaders|installing a bootloader]]) are needed.<br />
<br />
=====前置知识=====<br />
<br />
* A working Arch Linux installation<br />
** To keep things simple, it should match the architecture you want to install on your VPS (x86_64 or i686).<br />
** To build from other distributions, [[Archbootstrap|arch-bootstrap.sh]] can be used in place of {{ic|pacstrap}}.<br />
* The {{Pkg|arch-install-scripts}}, {{Pkg|rsync}}, and {{Pkg|openssh}} packages from the [[official repositories]]<br />
** SSH isn't strictly required, but rsync over SSH is the method used here.<br />
* A VPS running any distribution, with {{ic|rsync}} and a working SSH server<br />
** Its architecture (x86_64 or i686) doesn't matter as long as the OpenVZ installation can support your target architecture.<br />
* OpenVZ's serial console feature (usually accessible via your provider's control panel)<br />
** Without this, any network configuration for the target VPS will have to be done immediately after the "Build" step below.<br />
<br />
=====搭建一个干净的Arch Linux=====<br />
<br />
As root, build the installation (optionally replacing {{ic|build}} with your preferred target directory):<br />
<br />
# mkdir build<br />
# pacstrap -cd build<br />
<br />
Other tweaks for the {{ic|pacstrap}} command:<br />
<br />
*{{ic|-C custom-pacman-config.conf}} - Use a custom pacman configuration file. By default, pacstrap builds according to your local pacman.conf. This determines the architecture (i686 or x86_64) of the build, the mirror list, etc.<br />
*{{ic|-B}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman keyring to the new build. If you use this option, you'll need to run {{ic|pacman-key --init}} and {{ic|pacman-key --populate archlinux}} in the [[Virtual Private Server#Configuration|Configuration]] step to set up the keyring.<br />
*{{ic|-M}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman mirror list to the new build.<br />
<br />
=====把VPS上的所有东西都Arch Arch掉=====<br />
<br />
把目标VPS上所有的文件, 目录和其它各种东西都用你的{{ic|build}}目录的内容替换掉 (把下面的 "YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS" 换掉):<br />
<br />
{{警告|处理下面的命令的时候当心点. {{ic|rsync}}这个命令根据设计就是极具毁灭性的, 特别是带上 {{ic|--delete}} 选项的时候.}}<br />
<br />
# rsync -ax --delete-delay -e ssh --stats -P build/ YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS:/<br />
<br />
选项的解释:<br />
<br />
At minimum, only the {{ic|-a}} (preserve timestamps, permissions, etc.), {{ic|-x}} (don't cross filesystem boundaries), and {{ic|--delete}} (delete anything in the target that doesn't exist in the source) options are required. The {{ic|--delete-delay}} option is an alternate deletion mode which waits to delete anything until the synchronization is otherwise complete; this isn't necessary but may reduce the risk of a slow transfer causing the target VPS to lock-up. The {{ic|-e ssh}} (use rsync over SSH) option is recommended and makes things simple. The {{ic|--stats}} and {{ic|-P}} options are just to show more information.<br />
<br />
=====配置=====<br />
<br />
# 将VPS从外部重启 (比如你可以利用provider的控制面板来干这件事).<br />
# 使用 OpenVZ 的端口控制特性来配置 [[Network configuration|网络]] 和 [[Installation_guide#Configure_the_system|基本系统设定]] (无视 fstab 的生成和 arch-chroot 的相关步骤).<br />
#* 如果你接触不到端口控制特性, 那你在把Arch Linux同步到VPS前就提前配置好你的网络设定.<br />
<br />
===Xen===<br />
{{Expansion|我们需要专门针对VPS的指南.}}<br />
参阅 [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PVHVM mode)]] 及/或 [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PV mode)]].</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux_on_a_VPS_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=356806Arch Linux on a VPS (简体中文)2015-01-17T09:20:07Z<p>Spaike97: /* 支持Arch Linux的提供商 */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Getting and installing Arch (简体中文)]]<br />
[[Category:Virtualization (简体中文)]]<br />
{{Related articles start}}<br />
{{Related|Comprehensive Server Guide}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
[[ja:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
[[zh-CN:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
摘自 [[Wikipedia:Virtual private server]]:<br />
<br />
:''Virtual private server (VPS) is a term used by Internet hosting services to refer to a virtual machine. The term is used for emphasizing that the virtual machine, although running in software on the same physical computer as other customers' virtual machines, is in many respects functionally equivalent to a separate physical computer, is dedicated to the individual customer's needs, has the privacy of a separate physical computer, and can be configured to run server software.''<br />
<br />
本文主要讨论Arch Linux在VPS方面的应用, 并且包括了一些VPS的详细的安装于维护的指南.<br />
<br />
{{警告|systemd从版本205开始就不再支持Linux 2.6.32了(system-212或更高的版本也不行). 因为很多基于容器的虚拟环境依赖较老版本的内核, 在这样的环境下想要保证Arch Linux 随时都是最新版本是不现实的. 然而OpenVZ, 截止[http://openvz.org/Download/kernel/rhel6/042stab094.7 kernel build 042stab094.7], 已经对CLOCK_BOOTTIME 特性进行了backport, 并且现在他可以和最新的systemd一起正常运行.}}<br />
<br />
==支持Arch Linux的提供商==<br />
<br />
{{警告|我们无法为提供商的质量与诚信做担保. 请在下订单前自行进行调查.}}<br />
{{注意|这个列表只列出了那些提供便捷的Arch Linux模板的提供商. 在其他提供商的环境中试用Arch Linux仍然是可行的, 只是相比之下需要更多的工作. 比如我们可以加载自定义的光盘映像 (这需要硬件层面的虚拟化, 比如Xen or KVM), [[Installation guide|installing under chroot]], 或者 [[Virtual Private Server#Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider|using rsync to synchronize Arch over the top of another distribution]].}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! 提供商名 !! Arch 版本 !! 虚拟化环境 !! 地理地点 !! 注意事项<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.milesweb.com/vps-hosting.php A MilesWeb VPS] || 2013.10.14 || OpenVZ || 欧洲, 印度, 美利坚 || Latest Arch Linux available on OpenVZ platform. Quick setup, 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email and Phone. VPS starts from $20 / mo<br />
|-<br />
| [http://123systems.net 123 Systems] || 2010.05.xx || OpenVZ || 达拉斯, 美国-德克萨斯 || Arch available as a selection upon reinstall. Very old (2.6.18-308) kernel - See [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|OpenVZ troubleshooting]]. Limited information available before purchase. Cannot verify Arch Linux version without purchase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://ausweb.com.au AUSWEB] || 一律最新 (啥?) || VMware ESXi || 悉尼, 澳大利亚 || Latest ISO (clarify?) of Arch Available. Enterprise Service. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.affinity.net.nz affinity.net.nz] || 2013.08.01 || KVM || 奥克兰, 新西兰 || IRC channel is #affinity on ircs.kiwicon.org<br />
|-<br />
| [http://afterburst.com/ Afterburst] || 2012.12.01 || OpenVZ || 迈阿密, 美国-佛罗里达; 纽伦堡, 德国 || Formerly FanaticalVPS, kernel version depends on what node your VPS is on, the ones in Miami are fine (2.6.32-042stab072.10) but some of the ones in Germany require a [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|custom glibc]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.buyvm.net/ BuyVM] || 2013.07.01 || KVM || 洛杉矶, 水牛城 纽约 || Must chose a different OS at sign up. Once accessible, choose to mount the latest Arch ISO and reboot to install manually. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://en.edis.at/ Edis] || [http://www.edis.at/en/support-and-service/faq/server-faq/which-distributions-are-available-with-edis-kvm-vps-plans/ 2013.03.01] || vServer, KVM, OpenVZ || [http://www.edis.at/en/server/kvm-vps/austria/ 大量国际节点]. || Also offer dedicated server options as well as an "off-shore" location at the Isle of Man (IM).<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.directvps.nl/ DirectVPS] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰; 洛特丹, 荷兰 || Dutch language site. Version verifyable by clicking through https://www.directvps.nl/try-1.plp?p=31<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gandi.net/hosting/ Gandi] || 2013.10.27 || Xen || 巴黎, 法国; 巴尔地摩, 马里兰, 美国; 比森, 卢森堡 || Very granular scaling of system resources (e.g. RAM, disk space); IPv6-only option available; you can supply your own install image, version based on keyring package version ||<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gigatux.com/virtual.php GigaTux] || [https://www.gigatux.com/distro/ 2013.06.01] || Xen || 芝加哥, 美国-伊利诺伊; 法兰克福, 德国, 伦敦, 大不列颠; 圣琼斯, 美国-加州 ||<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vr.org/ Host Virtual] || [http://www.vr.org/os/linux-vps/archlinux-vps 2011.08.19] || KVM || [http://www.vr.org/cloud-locations/ 大量国际节点] || Appears to use KVM virtualization. Site lists "Xen based virtualization" and [http://www.vr.org/features/ features] lists ability to install from ISO.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://hostigation.com/ Hostigation] || [https://hostigation.com/wiki/index.php?title=KVM:Install 2010.05 i686] || OpenVZ, KVM || 夏洛特, 美国-北卡; 洛杉矶, 美国-加州 || You can [[Migrating Between Architectures Without Reinstalling|migrate to x86_64]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.intovps.com IntoVPS] || 2012.09.xx || OpenVZ || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰; 布加列斯特, 罗马尼亚; 达拉斯, 美国-德克萨斯; 费利蒙, 美国-加州; 伦敦, 大不列颠 || Blog has not been updated since September, 2012 which included the Arch Linux update.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://leapswitch.com Leapswitch Networks] || [2013.10.xx] || OpenVZ/KVM || 美利坚, 印度, 葡萄牙, 西班牙, 乌克兰, 德国 || ArchLinux currently available in Control Panel for reinstall, not on order form. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.linode.com Linode.com] || [https://www.linode.com/faq.cfm 2013.06.xx] || Xen|| [https://www.linode.com/speedtest/ 东京, 日本; 美国; 伦敦, 大不列颠] || To run a custom kernel, install {{AUR|linux-linode}}. ({{pkg|linux}} will break on a 32-bit Linode.)<br />
|-<br />
| [http://lylix.net/ LYLIX] || [http://lylix.net/archlinux 2014.01.xx] || OpenVZ || 美利坚; 欧洲 || 32-bit and 64-bit available <br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.nodedeploy.com Node Deploy] || 2014.10.01 || OpenVZ, KVM || 德国; 洛杉矶, 美国-加州; 亚特兰大, 美国-佐治亚; 凤凰城, 美国-亚利桑那 || "At NodeDeploy we support virtually every linux distribution." Arch Linux is listed under their Operating Systems. No version information.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://netcup.de Netcup] || 2012.11.xx || KVM || 德国|| German language site. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://onepoundwebhosting.co.uk OnePoundWebHosting] || 2013.05.xx || Xen PV, Xen HVM || 英国 || They are a registrar too. Unable to verify server locations.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.proplay.biz/ proPlay.de] || 2012.12.xx || OpenVZ, KVM || 德国 || German language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.quickvz.com QuickVZ] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ, Xen || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰; 斯德哥尔摩, 瑞典 || Provide hardened Arch Linux images along with Enterprise services (e,g. VPN, Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) and Virtual Routers.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/cloud_hosting_products/servers/ Rackspace Cloud] || 2013.6 || Xen || [https://www.rackspace.com/whyrackspace/network/datacenters/ 大量国际节点] || Billed per hour. Use their "next gen" VPSes (using the mycloud.rackspace.com panel); the Arch image on the first gen Rackspace VPSes is out of date.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramhost.us RamHost.us] || [http://www.ramhost.us/?page=news 2013.05.01] || OpenVZ, KVM || 洛杉矶, 美国-加州; 大不列颠; 亚特兰大, 美国-佐治亚; 德国 || You can request a newer ISO on RamHost's IRC network.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramnode.com RamNode] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=48 2013.07.01] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=39 SSD and SSD Cached:] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=52 OpenVZ, KVM] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=18 西雅图, 华盛顿 美国, 亚特兰大, 佐治亚 美国] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=66 You can request Host/CPU passthrough with KVM service.] [http://www.ramnode.com/about.php Customer service has been prompt and professional.] [https://twitter.com/search?q=ramnode%20code&src=typd Regular discount codes can be found (15-35% off).] [http://www.ramnode.com/index.php Modern hardware.] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/cart.php?carttpl=svz Competitive pricing (before discounts).]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.tilaa.nl/ Tilaa] || 2014.10.01 || [https://www.tilaa.com/pages/vps/technology KVM] || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰 || English or Dutch language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.transip.eu/ TransIP] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-os/ 2013.05.01] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-technology/ KVM] || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰 || English language site. Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/ XenVZ] || 2009.12.07 || OpenVZ, Xen || 英国, 美利坚 || [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/faq.php#use2 Hardware]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.virpus.com/ Virpus] || [http://virpus.com/linux-vps.php 2014.11.07] || Xen || 堪萨斯城, 美国-堪萨斯; 洛杉矶, 美国-加州 || A subcompany of Wow Technologies, Inc. 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email, Phone, and Ticket System. Service starts at $5/month.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vmline.pl/ Vmline] || 2013.09.01 || KVM, OpenVZ || 克拉科夫, 波兰 || [http://www.s-net.pl/en/ S-Net] reseller. Full virtualization. Polish language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vpsbg.eu/ VPSBG.eu] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ || [https://vpsbg.eu/en/index.php?page=vps-datacenter 索菲亚, 保加利亚] || Offshore VPS in Bulgaria - anonymous registrations and Bitcoin are accepted.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vps6.net/ VPS6.NET] || 2013.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps6.net/network/ 美国]; 法兰克福, 德国; 布加列斯特, 罗马尼亚; 伊斯坦布尔, 土耳其 || Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vps.net/ VPS.NET] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps.net/cloud-datacenter-locations US, 加拿大, 英国, 巴西, 荷兰, 法国, 德国, 日本, 新加坡, 印度, 澳大利亚] || Managed & Un managed VPS service provider, multiple OS and configurations..<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==安装==<br />
<br />
===KVM===<br />
{{Expansion|我们需要专门针对VPS的指南.}}<br />
参阅 [[QEMU#Preparing an (Arch) Linux guest]].<br />
<br />
===OpenVZ===<br />
<br />
====在任意OpenVZ提供商上安装Arch Linux ====<br />
<br />
{{警告|阅读 [[#top|最上的警告]] 来了解关于较老版本内核和systemd的相关信息.}}<br />
<br />
It's possible to directly copy an installation of Arch Linux over the top of a working OpenVZ VPS. This tutorial explains how to create a basic installation of Arch Linux with {{ic|pacstrap}} (as used in a standard install) and then replace the contents of a target VPS with it using [[rsync]].<br />
<br />
This process (with minor modification) also works to migrate existing Arch installations between various environments and has been confirmed to work in migrating from OpenVZ to Xen and from Xen to OpenVZ. For an install to Xen, other hardware-virtualized platforms, or probably even to physical hardware (unconfirmed), extra steps (basically running {{ic|mkinitcpio}} and [[Boot loaders|installing a bootloader]]) are needed.<br />
<br />
=====前置知识=====<br />
<br />
* A working Arch Linux installation<br />
** To keep things simple, it should match the architecture you want to install on your VPS (x86_64 or i686).<br />
** To build from other distributions, [[Archbootstrap|arch-bootstrap.sh]] can be used in place of {{ic|pacstrap}}.<br />
* The {{Pkg|arch-install-scripts}}, {{Pkg|rsync}}, and {{Pkg|openssh}} packages from the [[official repositories]]<br />
** SSH isn't strictly required, but rsync over SSH is the method used here.<br />
* A VPS running any distribution, with {{ic|rsync}} and a working SSH server<br />
** Its architecture (x86_64 or i686) doesn't matter as long as the OpenVZ installation can support your target architecture.<br />
* OpenVZ's serial console feature (usually accessible via your provider's control panel)<br />
** Without this, any network configuration for the target VPS will have to be done immediately after the "Build" step below.<br />
<br />
=====搭建一个干净的Arch Linux=====<br />
<br />
As root, build the installation (optionally replacing {{ic|build}} with your preferred target directory):<br />
<br />
# mkdir build<br />
# pacstrap -cd build<br />
<br />
Other tweaks for the {{ic|pacstrap}} command:<br />
<br />
*{{ic|-C custom-pacman-config.conf}} - Use a custom pacman configuration file. By default, pacstrap builds according to your local pacman.conf. This determines the architecture (i686 or x86_64) of the build, the mirror list, etc.<br />
*{{ic|-B}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman keyring to the new build. If you use this option, you'll need to run {{ic|pacman-key --init}} and {{ic|pacman-key --populate archlinux}} in the [[Virtual Private Server#Configuration|Configuration]] step to set up the keyring.<br />
*{{ic|-M}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman mirror list to the new build.<br />
<br />
=====把VPS上的所有东西都Arch Arch掉=====<br />
<br />
把目标VPS上所有的文件, 目录和其它各种东西都用你的{{ic|build}}目录的内容替换掉 (把下面的 "YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS" 换掉):<br />
<br />
{{警告|处理下面的命令的时候当心点. {{ic|rsync}}这个命令根据设计就是极具毁灭性的, 特别是带上 {{ic|--delete}} 选项的时候.}}<br />
<br />
# rsync -ax --delete-delay -e ssh --stats -P build/ YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS:/<br />
<br />
选项的解释:<br />
<br />
At minimum, only the {{ic|-a}} (preserve timestamps, permissions, etc.), {{ic|-x}} (don't cross filesystem boundaries), and {{ic|--delete}} (delete anything in the target that doesn't exist in the source) options are required. The {{ic|--delete-delay}} option is an alternate deletion mode which waits to delete anything until the synchronization is otherwise complete; this isn't necessary but may reduce the risk of a slow transfer causing the target VPS to lock-up. The {{ic|-e ssh}} (use rsync over SSH) option is recommended and makes things simple. The {{ic|--stats}} and {{ic|-P}} options are just to show more information.<br />
<br />
=====配置=====<br />
<br />
# 将VPS从外部重启 (比如你可以利用provider的控制面板来干这件事).<br />
# 使用 OpenVZ 的端口控制特性来配置 [[Network configuration|网络]] 和 [[Installation_guide#Configure_the_system|基本系统设定]] (无视 fstab 的生成和 arch-chroot 的相关步骤).<br />
#* 如果你接触不到端口控制特性, 那你在把Arch Linux同步到VPS前就提前配置好你的网络设定.<br />
<br />
===Xen===<br />
{{Expansion|我们需要专门针对VPS的指南.}}<br />
参阅 [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PVHVM mode)]] 及/或 [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PV mode)]].</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux_on_a_VPS_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=356805Arch Linux on a VPS (简体中文)2015-01-17T09:19:06Z<p>Spaike97: /* 配置 */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Getting and installing Arch (简体中文)]]<br />
[[Category:Virtualization (简体中文)]]<br />
{{Related articles start}}<br />
{{Related|Comprehensive Server Guide}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
[[ja:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
[[zh-CN:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
摘自 [[Wikipedia:Virtual private server]]:<br />
<br />
:''Virtual private server (VPS) is a term used by Internet hosting services to refer to a virtual machine. The term is used for emphasizing that the virtual machine, although running in software on the same physical computer as other customers' virtual machines, is in many respects functionally equivalent to a separate physical computer, is dedicated to the individual customer's needs, has the privacy of a separate physical computer, and can be configured to run server software.''<br />
<br />
本文主要讨论Arch Linux在VPS方面的应用, 并且包括了一些VPS的详细的安装于维护的指南.<br />
<br />
{{警告|systemd从版本205开始就不再支持Linux 2.6.32了(system-212或更高的版本也不行). 因为很多基于容器的虚拟环境依赖较老版本的内核, 在这样的环境下想要保证Arch Linux 随时都是最新版本是不现实的. 然而OpenVZ, 截止[http://openvz.org/Download/kernel/rhel6/042stab094.7 kernel build 042stab094.7], 已经对CLOCK_BOOTTIME 特性进行了backport, 并且现在他可以和最新的systemd一起正常运行.}}<br />
<br />
==支持Arch Linux的提供商==<br />
<br />
{{警告|我们无法为提供商的质量与诚信做担保. 请在下订单前自行进行调查.}}<br />
{{注意|这个列表只列出了那些提供便捷的Arch Linux模板的提供商. 在其他提供商的环境中试用Arch Linux仍然是可行的, 只是相比之下需要更多的工作. 比如我们可以加载自定义的光盘映像 (这需要硬件层面的虚拟化, 比如Xen or KVM), [[Installation guide|installing under chroot]], 或者 [[Virtual Private Server#Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider|using rsync to synchronize Arch over the top of another distribution]].}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! 提供商名 !! Arch 版本 !! 虚拟化环境 !! 地理地点 !! 注意事项<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.milesweb.com/vps-hosting.php A MilesWeb VPS] || 2013.10.14 || OpenVZ || 欧洲, 印度, 美利坚 || Latest Arch Linux available on OpenVZ platform. Quick setup, 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email and Phone. VPS starts from $20 / mo<br />
|-<br />
| [http://123systems.net 123 Systems] || 2010.05.xx || OpenVZ || 达拉斯, 美国-德克萨斯 || Arch available as a selection upon reinstall. Very old (2.6.18-308) kernel - See [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|OpenVZ troubleshooting]]. Limited information available before purchase. Cannot verify Arch Linux version without purchase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://ausweb.com.au AUSWEB] || 一律最新 (啥?) || VMware ESXi || 悉尼, 澳大利亚 || Latest ISO (clarify?) of Arch Available. Enterprise Service. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.affinity.net.nz affinity.net.nz] || 2013.08.01 || KVM || 奥克兰, 新西兰 || IRC channel is #affinity on ircs.kiwicon.org<br />
|-<br />
| [http://afterburst.com/ Afterburst] || 2012.12.01 || OpenVZ || 迈阿密, 美国-佛罗里达; 纽伦堡, 德国 || Formerly FanaticalVPS, kernel version depends on what node your VPS is on, the ones in Miami are fine (2.6.32-042stab072.10) but some of the ones in Germany require a [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|custom glibc]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.buyvm.net/ BuyVM] || 2013.07.01 || KVM || 洛杉矶, 水牛城 纽约 || Must chose a different OS at sign up. Once accessible, choose to mount the latest Arch ISO and reboot to install manually. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://en.edis.at/ Edis] || [http://www.edis.at/en/support-and-service/faq/server-faq/which-distributions-are-available-with-edis-kvm-vps-plans/ 2013.03.01] || vServer, KVM, OpenVZ || [http://www.edis.at/en/server/kvm-vps/austria/ 大量国际节点]. || Also offer dedicated server options as well as an "off-shore" location at the Isle of Man (IM).<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.directvps.nl/ DirectVPS] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰; 洛特丹, 荷兰 || Dutch language site. Version verifyable by clicking through https://www.directvps.nl/try-1.plp?p=31<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gandi.net/hosting/ Gandi] || 2013.10.27 || Xen || 巴黎, 法国; 巴尔地摩, 马里兰, 美国; 比森, 卢森堡 || Very granular scaling of system resources (e.g. RAM, disk space); IPv6-only option available; you can supply your own install image, version based on keyring package version ||<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gigatux.com/virtual.php GigaTux] || [https://www.gigatux.com/distro/ 2013.06.01] || Xen || 芝加哥, 美国-伊利诺伊; 法兰克福, 德国<br />
| 伦敦, 大不列颠; 圣琼斯, 美国-加州 ||<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vr.org/ Host Virtual] || [http://www.vr.org/os/linux-vps/archlinux-vps 2011.08.19] || KVM || [http://www.vr.org/cloud-locations/ 大量国际节点] || Appears to use KVM virtualization. Site lists "Xen based virtualization" and [http://www.vr.org/features/ features] lists ability to install from ISO.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://hostigation.com/ Hostigation] || [https://hostigation.com/wiki/index.php?title=KVM:Install 2010.05 i686] || OpenVZ, KVM || 夏洛特, 美国-北卡; 洛杉矶, 美国-加州 || You can [[Migrating Between Architectures Without Reinstalling|migrate to x86_64]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.intovps.com IntoVPS] || 2012.09.xx || OpenVZ || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰; 布加列斯特, 罗马尼亚; 达拉斯, 美国-德克萨斯; 费利蒙, 美国-加州; 伦敦, 大不列颠 || Blog has not been updated since September, 2012 which included the Arch Linux update.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://leapswitch.com Leapswitch Networks] || [2013.10.xx] || OpenVZ/KVM || 美利坚, 印度, 葡萄牙, 西班牙, 乌克兰, 德国 || ArchLinux currently available in Control Panel for reinstall, not on order form. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.linode.com Linode.com] || [https://www.linode.com/faq.cfm 2013.06.xx] || Xen|| [https://www.linode.com/speedtest/ 东京, 日本; 美国; 伦敦, 大不列颠] || To run a custom kernel, install {{AUR|linux-linode}}. ({{pkg|linux}} will break on a 32-bit Linode.)<br />
|-<br />
| [http://lylix.net/ LYLIX] || [http://lylix.net/archlinux 2014.01.xx] || OpenVZ || 美利坚; 欧洲 || 32-bit and 64-bit available <br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.nodedeploy.com Node Deploy] || 2014.10.01 || OpenVZ, KVM || 德国; 洛杉矶, 美国-加州; 亚特兰大, 美国-佐治亚; 凤凰城, 美国-亚利桑那 || "At NodeDeploy we support virtually every linux distribution." Arch Linux is listed under their Operating Systems. No version information.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://netcup.de Netcup] || 2012.11.xx || KVM || 德国|| German language site. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://onepoundwebhosting.co.uk OnePoundWebHosting] || 2013.05.xx || Xen PV, Xen HVM || 英国 || They are a registrar too. Unable to verify server locations.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.proplay.biz/ proPlay.de] || 2012.12.xx || OpenVZ, KVM || 德国 || German language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.quickvz.com QuickVZ] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ, Xen || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰; 斯德哥尔摩, 瑞典 || Provide hardened Arch Linux images along with Enterprise services (e,g. VPN, Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) and Virtual Routers.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/cloud_hosting_products/servers/ Rackspace Cloud] || 2013.6 || Xen || [https://www.rackspace.com/whyrackspace/network/datacenters/ 大量国际节点] || Billed per hour. Use their "next gen" VPSes (using the mycloud.rackspace.com panel); the Arch image on the first gen Rackspace VPSes is out of date.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramhost.us RamHost.us] || [http://www.ramhost.us/?page=news 2013.05.01] || OpenVZ, KVM || 洛杉矶, 美国-加州; 大不列颠; 亚特兰大, 美国-佐治亚; 德国 || You can request a newer ISO on RamHost's IRC network.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramnode.com RamNode] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=48 2013.07.01] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=39 SSD and SSD Cached:] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=52 OpenVZ, KVM] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=18 西雅图, 华盛顿 美国, 亚特兰大, 佐治亚 美国] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=66 You can request Host/CPU passthrough with KVM service.] [http://www.ramnode.com/about.php Customer service has been prompt and professional.] [https://twitter.com/search?q=ramnode%20code&src=typd Regular discount codes can be found (15-35% off).] [http://www.ramnode.com/index.php Modern hardware.] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/cart.php?carttpl=svz Competitive pricing (before discounts).]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.tilaa.nl/ Tilaa] || 2014.10.01 || [https://www.tilaa.com/pages/vps/technology KVM] || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰 || English or Dutch language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.transip.eu/ TransIP] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-os/ 2013.05.01] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-technology/ KVM] || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰 || English language site. Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/ XenVZ] || 2009.12.07 || OpenVZ, Xen || 英国, 美利坚 || [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/faq.php#use2 Hardware]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.virpus.com/ Virpus] || [http://virpus.com/linux-vps.php 2014.11.07] || Xen || 堪萨斯城, 美国-堪萨斯; 洛杉矶, 美国-加州 || A subcompany of Wow Technologies, Inc. 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email, Phone, and Ticket System. Service starts at $5/month.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vmline.pl/ Vmline] || 2013.09.01 || KVM, OpenVZ || 克拉科夫, 波兰 || [http://www.s-net.pl/en/ S-Net] reseller. Full virtualization. Polish language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vpsbg.eu/ VPSBG.eu] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ || [https://vpsbg.eu/en/index.php?page=vps-datacenter 索菲亚, 保加利亚] || Offshore VPS in Bulgaria - anonymous registrations and Bitcoin are accepted.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vps6.net/ VPS6.NET] || 2013.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps6.net/network/ 美国]; 法兰克福, 德国; 布加列斯特, 罗马尼亚; 伊斯坦布尔, 土耳其 || Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vps.net/ VPS.NET] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps.net/cloud-datacenter-locations US, 加拿大, 英国, 巴西, 荷兰, 法国, 德国, 日本, 新加坡, 印度, 澳大利亚] || Managed & Un managed VPS service provider, multiple OS and configurations..<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==安装==<br />
<br />
===KVM===<br />
{{Expansion|我们需要专门针对VPS的指南.}}<br />
参阅 [[QEMU#Preparing an (Arch) Linux guest]].<br />
<br />
===OpenVZ===<br />
<br />
====在任意OpenVZ提供商上安装Arch Linux ====<br />
<br />
{{警告|阅读 [[#top|最上的警告]] 来了解关于较老版本内核和systemd的相关信息.}}<br />
<br />
It's possible to directly copy an installation of Arch Linux over the top of a working OpenVZ VPS. This tutorial explains how to create a basic installation of Arch Linux with {{ic|pacstrap}} (as used in a standard install) and then replace the contents of a target VPS with it using [[rsync]].<br />
<br />
This process (with minor modification) also works to migrate existing Arch installations between various environments and has been confirmed to work in migrating from OpenVZ to Xen and from Xen to OpenVZ. For an install to Xen, other hardware-virtualized platforms, or probably even to physical hardware (unconfirmed), extra steps (basically running {{ic|mkinitcpio}} and [[Boot loaders|installing a bootloader]]) are needed.<br />
<br />
=====前置知识=====<br />
<br />
* A working Arch Linux installation<br />
** To keep things simple, it should match the architecture you want to install on your VPS (x86_64 or i686).<br />
** To build from other distributions, [[Archbootstrap|arch-bootstrap.sh]] can be used in place of {{ic|pacstrap}}.<br />
* The {{Pkg|arch-install-scripts}}, {{Pkg|rsync}}, and {{Pkg|openssh}} packages from the [[official repositories]]<br />
** SSH isn't strictly required, but rsync over SSH is the method used here.<br />
* A VPS running any distribution, with {{ic|rsync}} and a working SSH server<br />
** Its architecture (x86_64 or i686) doesn't matter as long as the OpenVZ installation can support your target architecture.<br />
* OpenVZ's serial console feature (usually accessible via your provider's control panel)<br />
** Without this, any network configuration for the target VPS will have to be done immediately after the "Build" step below.<br />
<br />
=====搭建一个干净的Arch Linux=====<br />
<br />
As root, build the installation (optionally replacing {{ic|build}} with your preferred target directory):<br />
<br />
# mkdir build<br />
# pacstrap -cd build<br />
<br />
Other tweaks for the {{ic|pacstrap}} command:<br />
<br />
*{{ic|-C custom-pacman-config.conf}} - Use a custom pacman configuration file. By default, pacstrap builds according to your local pacman.conf. This determines the architecture (i686 or x86_64) of the build, the mirror list, etc.<br />
*{{ic|-B}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman keyring to the new build. If you use this option, you'll need to run {{ic|pacman-key --init}} and {{ic|pacman-key --populate archlinux}} in the [[Virtual Private Server#Configuration|Configuration]] step to set up the keyring.<br />
*{{ic|-M}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman mirror list to the new build.<br />
<br />
=====把VPS上的所有东西都Arch Arch掉=====<br />
<br />
把目标VPS上所有的文件, 目录和其它各种东西都用你的{{ic|build}}目录的内容替换掉 (把下面的 "YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS" 换掉):<br />
<br />
{{警告|处理下面的命令的时候当心点. {{ic|rsync}}这个命令根据设计就是极具毁灭性的, 特别是带上 {{ic|--delete}} 选项的时候.}}<br />
<br />
# rsync -ax --delete-delay -e ssh --stats -P build/ YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS:/<br />
<br />
选项的解释:<br />
<br />
At minimum, only the {{ic|-a}} (preserve timestamps, permissions, etc.), {{ic|-x}} (don't cross filesystem boundaries), and {{ic|--delete}} (delete anything in the target that doesn't exist in the source) options are required. The {{ic|--delete-delay}} option is an alternate deletion mode which waits to delete anything until the synchronization is otherwise complete; this isn't necessary but may reduce the risk of a slow transfer causing the target VPS to lock-up. The {{ic|-e ssh}} (use rsync over SSH) option is recommended and makes things simple. The {{ic|--stats}} and {{ic|-P}} options are just to show more information.<br />
<br />
=====配置=====<br />
<br />
# 将VPS从外部重启 (比如你可以利用provider的控制面板来干这件事).<br />
# 使用 OpenVZ 的端口控制特性来配置 [[Network configuration|网络]] 和 [[Installation_guide#Configure_the_system|基本系统设定]] (无视 fstab 的生成和 arch-chroot 的相关步骤).<br />
#* 如果你接触不到端口控制特性, 那你在把Arch Linux同步到VPS前就提前配置好你的网络设定.<br />
<br />
===Xen===<br />
{{Expansion|我们需要专门针对VPS的指南.}}<br />
参阅 [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PVHVM mode)]] 及/或 [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PV mode)]].</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux_on_a_VPS_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=356804Arch Linux on a VPS (简体中文)2015-01-17T09:18:37Z<p>Spaike97: /* 配置 */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Getting and installing Arch (简体中文)]]<br />
[[Category:Virtualization (简体中文)]]<br />
{{Related articles start}}<br />
{{Related|Comprehensive Server Guide}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
[[ja:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
[[zh-CN:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
摘自 [[Wikipedia:Virtual private server]]:<br />
<br />
:''Virtual private server (VPS) is a term used by Internet hosting services to refer to a virtual machine. The term is used for emphasizing that the virtual machine, although running in software on the same physical computer as other customers' virtual machines, is in many respects functionally equivalent to a separate physical computer, is dedicated to the individual customer's needs, has the privacy of a separate physical computer, and can be configured to run server software.''<br />
<br />
本文主要讨论Arch Linux在VPS方面的应用, 并且包括了一些VPS的详细的安装于维护的指南.<br />
<br />
{{警告|systemd从版本205开始就不再支持Linux 2.6.32了(system-212或更高的版本也不行). 因为很多基于容器的虚拟环境依赖较老版本的内核, 在这样的环境下想要保证Arch Linux 随时都是最新版本是不现实的. 然而OpenVZ, 截止[http://openvz.org/Download/kernel/rhel6/042stab094.7 kernel build 042stab094.7], 已经对CLOCK_BOOTTIME 特性进行了backport, 并且现在他可以和最新的systemd一起正常运行.}}<br />
<br />
==支持Arch Linux的提供商==<br />
<br />
{{警告|我们无法为提供商的质量与诚信做担保. 请在下订单前自行进行调查.}}<br />
{{注意|这个列表只列出了那些提供便捷的Arch Linux模板的提供商. 在其他提供商的环境中试用Arch Linux仍然是可行的, 只是相比之下需要更多的工作. 比如我们可以加载自定义的光盘映像 (这需要硬件层面的虚拟化, 比如Xen or KVM), [[Installation guide|installing under chroot]], 或者 [[Virtual Private Server#Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider|using rsync to synchronize Arch over the top of another distribution]].}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! 提供商名 !! Arch 版本 !! 虚拟化环境 !! 地理地点 !! 注意事项<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.milesweb.com/vps-hosting.php A MilesWeb VPS] || 2013.10.14 || OpenVZ || 欧洲, 印度, 美利坚 || Latest Arch Linux available on OpenVZ platform. Quick setup, 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email and Phone. VPS starts from $20 / mo<br />
|-<br />
| [http://123systems.net 123 Systems] || 2010.05.xx || OpenVZ || 达拉斯, 美国-德克萨斯 || Arch available as a selection upon reinstall. Very old (2.6.18-308) kernel - See [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|OpenVZ troubleshooting]]. Limited information available before purchase. Cannot verify Arch Linux version without purchase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://ausweb.com.au AUSWEB] || 一律最新 (啥?) || VMware ESXi || 悉尼, 澳大利亚 || Latest ISO (clarify?) of Arch Available. Enterprise Service. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.affinity.net.nz affinity.net.nz] || 2013.08.01 || KVM || 奥克兰, 新西兰 || IRC channel is #affinity on ircs.kiwicon.org<br />
|-<br />
| [http://afterburst.com/ Afterburst] || 2012.12.01 || OpenVZ || 迈阿密, 美国-佛罗里达; 纽伦堡, 德国 || Formerly FanaticalVPS, kernel version depends on what node your VPS is on, the ones in Miami are fine (2.6.32-042stab072.10) but some of the ones in Germany require a [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|custom glibc]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.buyvm.net/ BuyVM] || 2013.07.01 || KVM || 洛杉矶, 水牛城 纽约 || Must chose a different OS at sign up. Once accessible, choose to mount the latest Arch ISO and reboot to install manually. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://en.edis.at/ Edis] || [http://www.edis.at/en/support-and-service/faq/server-faq/which-distributions-are-available-with-edis-kvm-vps-plans/ 2013.03.01] || vServer, KVM, OpenVZ || [http://www.edis.at/en/server/kvm-vps/austria/ 大量国际节点]. || Also offer dedicated server options as well as an "off-shore" location at the Isle of Man (IM).<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.directvps.nl/ DirectVPS] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰; 洛特丹, 荷兰 || Dutch language site. Version verifyable by clicking through https://www.directvps.nl/try-1.plp?p=31<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gandi.net/hosting/ Gandi] || 2013.10.27 || Xen || 巴黎, 法国; 巴尔地摩, 马里兰, 美国; 比森, 卢森堡 || Very granular scaling of system resources (e.g. RAM, disk space); IPv6-only option available; you can supply your own install image, version based on keyring package version ||<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gigatux.com/virtual.php GigaTux] || [https://www.gigatux.com/distro/ 2013.06.01] || Xen || 芝加哥, 美国-伊利诺伊; 法兰克福, 德国<br />
| 伦敦, 大不列颠; 圣琼斯, 美国-加州 ||<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vr.org/ Host Virtual] || [http://www.vr.org/os/linux-vps/archlinux-vps 2011.08.19] || KVM || [http://www.vr.org/cloud-locations/ 大量国际节点] || Appears to use KVM virtualization. Site lists "Xen based virtualization" and [http://www.vr.org/features/ features] lists ability to install from ISO.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://hostigation.com/ Hostigation] || [https://hostigation.com/wiki/index.php?title=KVM:Install 2010.05 i686] || OpenVZ, KVM || 夏洛特, 美国-北卡; 洛杉矶, 美国-加州 || You can [[Migrating Between Architectures Without Reinstalling|migrate to x86_64]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.intovps.com IntoVPS] || 2012.09.xx || OpenVZ || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰; 布加列斯特, 罗马尼亚; 达拉斯, 美国-德克萨斯; 费利蒙, 美国-加州; 伦敦, 大不列颠 || Blog has not been updated since September, 2012 which included the Arch Linux update.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://leapswitch.com Leapswitch Networks] || [2013.10.xx] || OpenVZ/KVM || 美利坚, 印度, 葡萄牙, 西班牙, 乌克兰, 德国 || ArchLinux currently available in Control Panel for reinstall, not on order form. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.linode.com Linode.com] || [https://www.linode.com/faq.cfm 2013.06.xx] || Xen|| [https://www.linode.com/speedtest/ 东京, 日本; 美国; 伦敦, 大不列颠] || To run a custom kernel, install {{AUR|linux-linode}}. ({{pkg|linux}} will break on a 32-bit Linode.)<br />
|-<br />
| [http://lylix.net/ LYLIX] || [http://lylix.net/archlinux 2014.01.xx] || OpenVZ || 美利坚; 欧洲 || 32-bit and 64-bit available <br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.nodedeploy.com Node Deploy] || 2014.10.01 || OpenVZ, KVM || 德国; 洛杉矶, 美国-加州; 亚特兰大, 美国-佐治亚; 凤凰城, 美国-亚利桑那 || "At NodeDeploy we support virtually every linux distribution." Arch Linux is listed under their Operating Systems. No version information.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://netcup.de Netcup] || 2012.11.xx || KVM || 德国|| German language site. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://onepoundwebhosting.co.uk OnePoundWebHosting] || 2013.05.xx || Xen PV, Xen HVM || 英国 || They are a registrar too. Unable to verify server locations.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.proplay.biz/ proPlay.de] || 2012.12.xx || OpenVZ, KVM || 德国 || German language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.quickvz.com QuickVZ] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ, Xen || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰; 斯德哥尔摩, 瑞典 || Provide hardened Arch Linux images along with Enterprise services (e,g. VPN, Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) and Virtual Routers.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/cloud_hosting_products/servers/ Rackspace Cloud] || 2013.6 || Xen || [https://www.rackspace.com/whyrackspace/network/datacenters/ 大量国际节点] || Billed per hour. Use their "next gen" VPSes (using the mycloud.rackspace.com panel); the Arch image on the first gen Rackspace VPSes is out of date.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramhost.us RamHost.us] || [http://www.ramhost.us/?page=news 2013.05.01] || OpenVZ, KVM || 洛杉矶, 美国-加州; 大不列颠; 亚特兰大, 美国-佐治亚; 德国 || You can request a newer ISO on RamHost's IRC network.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramnode.com RamNode] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=48 2013.07.01] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=39 SSD and SSD Cached:] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=52 OpenVZ, KVM] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=18 西雅图, 华盛顿 美国, 亚特兰大, 佐治亚 美国] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=66 You can request Host/CPU passthrough with KVM service.] [http://www.ramnode.com/about.php Customer service has been prompt and professional.] [https://twitter.com/search?q=ramnode%20code&src=typd Regular discount codes can be found (15-35% off).] [http://www.ramnode.com/index.php Modern hardware.] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/cart.php?carttpl=svz Competitive pricing (before discounts).]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.tilaa.nl/ Tilaa] || 2014.10.01 || [https://www.tilaa.com/pages/vps/technology KVM] || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰 || English or Dutch language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.transip.eu/ TransIP] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-os/ 2013.05.01] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-technology/ KVM] || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰 || English language site. Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/ XenVZ] || 2009.12.07 || OpenVZ, Xen || 英国, 美利坚 || [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/faq.php#use2 Hardware]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.virpus.com/ Virpus] || [http://virpus.com/linux-vps.php 2014.11.07] || Xen || 堪萨斯城, 美国-堪萨斯; 洛杉矶, 美国-加州 || A subcompany of Wow Technologies, Inc. 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email, Phone, and Ticket System. Service starts at $5/month.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vmline.pl/ Vmline] || 2013.09.01 || KVM, OpenVZ || 克拉科夫, 波兰 || [http://www.s-net.pl/en/ S-Net] reseller. Full virtualization. Polish language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vpsbg.eu/ VPSBG.eu] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ || [https://vpsbg.eu/en/index.php?page=vps-datacenter 索菲亚, 保加利亚] || Offshore VPS in Bulgaria - anonymous registrations and Bitcoin are accepted.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vps6.net/ VPS6.NET] || 2013.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps6.net/network/ 美国]; 法兰克福, 德国; 布加列斯特, 罗马尼亚; 伊斯坦布尔, 土耳其 || Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vps.net/ VPS.NET] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps.net/cloud-datacenter-locations US, 加拿大, 英国, 巴西, 荷兰, 法国, 德国, 日本, 新加坡, 印度, 澳大利亚] || Managed & Un managed VPS service provider, multiple OS and configurations..<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==安装==<br />
<br />
===KVM===<br />
{{Expansion|我们需要专门针对VPS的指南.}}<br />
参阅 [[QEMU#Preparing an (Arch) Linux guest]].<br />
<br />
===OpenVZ===<br />
<br />
====在任意OpenVZ提供商上安装Arch Linux ====<br />
<br />
{{警告|阅读 [[#top|最上的警告]] 来了解关于较老版本内核和systemd的相关信息.}}<br />
<br />
It's possible to directly copy an installation of Arch Linux over the top of a working OpenVZ VPS. This tutorial explains how to create a basic installation of Arch Linux with {{ic|pacstrap}} (as used in a standard install) and then replace the contents of a target VPS with it using [[rsync]].<br />
<br />
This process (with minor modification) also works to migrate existing Arch installations between various environments and has been confirmed to work in migrating from OpenVZ to Xen and from Xen to OpenVZ. For an install to Xen, other hardware-virtualized platforms, or probably even to physical hardware (unconfirmed), extra steps (basically running {{ic|mkinitcpio}} and [[Boot loaders|installing a bootloader]]) are needed.<br />
<br />
=====前置知识=====<br />
<br />
* A working Arch Linux installation<br />
** To keep things simple, it should match the architecture you want to install on your VPS (x86_64 or i686).<br />
** To build from other distributions, [[Archbootstrap|arch-bootstrap.sh]] can be used in place of {{ic|pacstrap}}.<br />
* The {{Pkg|arch-install-scripts}}, {{Pkg|rsync}}, and {{Pkg|openssh}} packages from the [[official repositories]]<br />
** SSH isn't strictly required, but rsync over SSH is the method used here.<br />
* A VPS running any distribution, with {{ic|rsync}} and a working SSH server<br />
** Its architecture (x86_64 or i686) doesn't matter as long as the OpenVZ installation can support your target architecture.<br />
* OpenVZ's serial console feature (usually accessible via your provider's control panel)<br />
** Without this, any network configuration for the target VPS will have to be done immediately after the "Build" step below.<br />
<br />
=====搭建一个干净的Arch Linux=====<br />
<br />
As root, build the installation (optionally replacing {{ic|build}} with your preferred target directory):<br />
<br />
# mkdir build<br />
# pacstrap -cd build<br />
<br />
Other tweaks for the {{ic|pacstrap}} command:<br />
<br />
*{{ic|-C custom-pacman-config.conf}} - Use a custom pacman configuration file. By default, pacstrap builds according to your local pacman.conf. This determines the architecture (i686 or x86_64) of the build, the mirror list, etc.<br />
*{{ic|-B}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman keyring to the new build. If you use this option, you'll need to run {{ic|pacman-key --init}} and {{ic|pacman-key --populate archlinux}} in the [[Virtual Private Server#Configuration|Configuration]] step to set up the keyring.<br />
*{{ic|-M}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman mirror list to the new build.<br />
<br />
=====把VPS上的所有东西都Arch Arch掉=====<br />
<br />
把目标VPS上所有的文件, 目录和其它各种东西都用你的{{ic|build}}目录的内容替换掉 (把下面的 "YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS" 换掉):<br />
<br />
{{警告|处理下面的命令的时候当心点. {{ic|rsync}}这个命令根据设计就是极具毁灭性的, 特别是带上 {{ic|--delete}} 选项的时候.}}<br />
<br />
# rsync -ax --delete-delay -e ssh --stats -P build/ YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS:/<br />
<br />
选项的解释:<br />
<br />
At minimum, only the {{ic|-a}} (preserve timestamps, permissions, etc.), {{ic|-x}} (don't cross filesystem boundaries), and {{ic|--delete}} (delete anything in the target that doesn't exist in the source) options are required. The {{ic|--delete-delay}} option is an alternate deletion mode which waits to delete anything until the synchronization is otherwise complete; this isn't necessary but may reduce the risk of a slow transfer causing the target VPS to lock-up. The {{ic|-e ssh}} (use rsync over SSH) option is recommended and makes things simple. The {{ic|--stats}} and {{ic|-P}} options are just to show more information.<br />
<br />
=====配置=====<br />
<br />
# 将VPS从外部重启 (比如你可以利用provider的控制面板来干这件事).<br />
# 使用 OpenVZ 的端口控制特性来配置 [[Network configuration|网络]] 和 [[Installation_guide#Configure_the_system|基本系统设定]] (无视 fstab 的生成和 arch-chroot 的相关步骤).<br />
#* 如果你接触到端口控制特性, 那你在把Arch Linux同步到VPS前就提前配置好你的网络设定.<br />
<br />
===Xen===<br />
{{Expansion|我们需要专门针对VPS的指南.}}<br />
参阅 [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PVHVM mode)]] 及/或 [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PV mode)]].</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux_on_a_VPS_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=356802Arch Linux on a VPS (简体中文)2015-01-17T09:09:54Z<p>Spaike97: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Getting and installing Arch (简体中文)]]<br />
[[Category:Virtualization (简体中文)]]<br />
{{Related articles start}}<br />
{{Related|Comprehensive Server Guide}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
[[ja:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
[[zh-CN:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
摘自 [[Wikipedia:Virtual private server]]:<br />
<br />
:''Virtual private server (VPS) is a term used by Internet hosting services to refer to a virtual machine. The term is used for emphasizing that the virtual machine, although running in software on the same physical computer as other customers' virtual machines, is in many respects functionally equivalent to a separate physical computer, is dedicated to the individual customer's needs, has the privacy of a separate physical computer, and can be configured to run server software.''<br />
<br />
本文主要讨论Arch Linux在VPS方面的应用, 并且包括了一些VPS的详细的安装于维护的指南.<br />
<br />
{{警告|systemd从版本205开始就不再支持Linux 2.6.32了(system-212或更高的版本也不行). 因为很多基于容器的虚拟环境依赖较老版本的内核, 在这样的环境下想要保证Arch Linux 随时都是最新版本是不现实的. 然而OpenVZ, 截止[http://openvz.org/Download/kernel/rhel6/042stab094.7 kernel build 042stab094.7], 已经对CLOCK_BOOTTIME 特性进行了backport, 并且现在他可以和最新的systemd一起正常运行.}}<br />
<br />
==支持Arch Linux的提供商==<br />
<br />
{{警告|我们无法为提供商的质量与诚信做担保. 请在下订单前自行进行调查.}}<br />
{{注意|这个列表只列出了那些提供便捷的Arch Linux模板的提供商. 在其他提供商的环境中试用Arch Linux仍然是可行的, 只是相比之下需要更多的工作. 比如我们可以加载自定义的光盘映像 (这需要硬件层面的虚拟化, 比如Xen or KVM), [[Installation guide|installing under chroot]], 或者 [[Virtual Private Server#Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider|using rsync to synchronize Arch over the top of another distribution]].}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! 提供商名 !! Arch 版本 !! 虚拟化环境 !! 地理地点 !! 注意事项<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.milesweb.com/vps-hosting.php A MilesWeb VPS] || 2013.10.14 || OpenVZ || 欧洲, 印度, 美利坚 || Latest Arch Linux available on OpenVZ platform. Quick setup, 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email and Phone. VPS starts from $20 / mo<br />
|-<br />
| [http://123systems.net 123 Systems] || 2010.05.xx || OpenVZ || 达拉斯, 美国-德克萨斯 || Arch available as a selection upon reinstall. Very old (2.6.18-308) kernel - See [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|OpenVZ troubleshooting]]. Limited information available before purchase. Cannot verify Arch Linux version without purchase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://ausweb.com.au AUSWEB] || 一律最新 (啥?) || VMware ESXi || 悉尼, 澳大利亚 || Latest ISO (clarify?) of Arch Available. Enterprise Service. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.affinity.net.nz affinity.net.nz] || 2013.08.01 || KVM || 奥克兰, 新西兰 || IRC channel is #affinity on ircs.kiwicon.org<br />
|-<br />
| [http://afterburst.com/ Afterburst] || 2012.12.01 || OpenVZ || 迈阿密, 美国-佛罗里达; 纽伦堡, 德国 || Formerly FanaticalVPS, kernel version depends on what node your VPS is on, the ones in Miami are fine (2.6.32-042stab072.10) but some of the ones in Germany require a [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|custom glibc]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.buyvm.net/ BuyVM] || 2013.07.01 || KVM || 洛杉矶, 水牛城 纽约 || Must chose a different OS at sign up. Once accessible, choose to mount the latest Arch ISO and reboot to install manually. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://en.edis.at/ Edis] || [http://www.edis.at/en/support-and-service/faq/server-faq/which-distributions-are-available-with-edis-kvm-vps-plans/ 2013.03.01] || vServer, KVM, OpenVZ || [http://www.edis.at/en/server/kvm-vps/austria/ 大量国际节点]. || Also offer dedicated server options as well as an "off-shore" location at the Isle of Man (IM).<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.directvps.nl/ DirectVPS] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰; 洛特丹, 荷兰 || Dutch language site. Version verifyable by clicking through https://www.directvps.nl/try-1.plp?p=31<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gandi.net/hosting/ Gandi] || 2013.10.27 || Xen || 巴黎, 法国; 巴尔地摩, 马里兰, 美国; 比森, 卢森堡 || Very granular scaling of system resources (e.g. RAM, disk space); IPv6-only option available; you can supply your own install image, version based on keyring package version ||<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gigatux.com/virtual.php GigaTux] || [https://www.gigatux.com/distro/ 2013.06.01] || Xen || 芝加哥, 美国-伊利诺伊; 法兰克福, 德国<br />
| 伦敦, 大不列颠; 圣琼斯, 美国-加州 ||<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vr.org/ Host Virtual] || [http://www.vr.org/os/linux-vps/archlinux-vps 2011.08.19] || KVM || [http://www.vr.org/cloud-locations/ 大量国际节点] || Appears to use KVM virtualization. Site lists "Xen based virtualization" and [http://www.vr.org/features/ features] lists ability to install from ISO.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://hostigation.com/ Hostigation] || [https://hostigation.com/wiki/index.php?title=KVM:Install 2010.05 i686] || OpenVZ, KVM || 夏洛特, 美国-北卡; 洛杉矶, 美国-加州 || You can [[Migrating Between Architectures Without Reinstalling|migrate to x86_64]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.intovps.com IntoVPS] || 2012.09.xx || OpenVZ || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰; 布加列斯特, 罗马尼亚; 达拉斯, 美国-德克萨斯; 费利蒙, 美国-加州; 伦敦, 大不列颠 || Blog has not been updated since September, 2012 which included the Arch Linux update.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://leapswitch.com Leapswitch Networks] || [2013.10.xx] || OpenVZ/KVM || 美利坚, 印度, 葡萄牙, 西班牙, 乌克兰, 德国 || ArchLinux currently available in Control Panel for reinstall, not on order form. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.linode.com Linode.com] || [https://www.linode.com/faq.cfm 2013.06.xx] || Xen|| [https://www.linode.com/speedtest/ 东京, 日本; 美国; 伦敦, 大不列颠] || To run a custom kernel, install {{AUR|linux-linode}}. ({{pkg|linux}} will break on a 32-bit Linode.)<br />
|-<br />
| [http://lylix.net/ LYLIX] || [http://lylix.net/archlinux 2014.01.xx] || OpenVZ || 美利坚; 欧洲 || 32-bit and 64-bit available <br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.nodedeploy.com Node Deploy] || 2014.10.01 || OpenVZ, KVM || 德国; 洛杉矶, 美国-加州; 亚特兰大, 美国-佐治亚; 凤凰城, 美国-亚利桑那 || "At NodeDeploy we support virtually every linux distribution." Arch Linux is listed under their Operating Systems. No version information.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://netcup.de Netcup] || 2012.11.xx || KVM || 德国|| German language site. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://onepoundwebhosting.co.uk OnePoundWebHosting] || 2013.05.xx || Xen PV, Xen HVM || 英国 || They are a registrar too. Unable to verify server locations.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.proplay.biz/ proPlay.de] || 2012.12.xx || OpenVZ, KVM || 德国 || German language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.quickvz.com QuickVZ] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ, Xen || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰; 斯德哥尔摩, 瑞典 || Provide hardened Arch Linux images along with Enterprise services (e,g. VPN, Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) and Virtual Routers.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/cloud_hosting_products/servers/ Rackspace Cloud] || 2013.6 || Xen || [https://www.rackspace.com/whyrackspace/network/datacenters/ 大量国际节点] || Billed per hour. Use their "next gen" VPSes (using the mycloud.rackspace.com panel); the Arch image on the first gen Rackspace VPSes is out of date.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramhost.us RamHost.us] || [http://www.ramhost.us/?page=news 2013.05.01] || OpenVZ, KVM || 洛杉矶, 美国-加州; 大不列颠; 亚特兰大, 美国-佐治亚; 德国 || You can request a newer ISO on RamHost's IRC network.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramnode.com RamNode] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=48 2013.07.01] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=39 SSD and SSD Cached:] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=52 OpenVZ, KVM] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=18 西雅图, 华盛顿 美国, 亚特兰大, 佐治亚 美国] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=66 You can request Host/CPU passthrough with KVM service.] [http://www.ramnode.com/about.php Customer service has been prompt and professional.] [https://twitter.com/search?q=ramnode%20code&src=typd Regular discount codes can be found (15-35% off).] [http://www.ramnode.com/index.php Modern hardware.] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/cart.php?carttpl=svz Competitive pricing (before discounts).]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.tilaa.nl/ Tilaa] || 2014.10.01 || [https://www.tilaa.com/pages/vps/technology KVM] || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰 || English or Dutch language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.transip.eu/ TransIP] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-os/ 2013.05.01] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-technology/ KVM] || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰 || English language site. Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/ XenVZ] || 2009.12.07 || OpenVZ, Xen || 英国, 美利坚 || [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/faq.php#use2 Hardware]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.virpus.com/ Virpus] || [http://virpus.com/linux-vps.php 2014.11.07] || Xen || 堪萨斯城, 美国-堪萨斯; 洛杉矶, 美国-加州 || A subcompany of Wow Technologies, Inc. 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email, Phone, and Ticket System. Service starts at $5/month.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vmline.pl/ Vmline] || 2013.09.01 || KVM, OpenVZ || 克拉科夫, 波兰 || [http://www.s-net.pl/en/ S-Net] reseller. Full virtualization. Polish language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vpsbg.eu/ VPSBG.eu] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ || [https://vpsbg.eu/en/index.php?page=vps-datacenter 索菲亚, 保加利亚] || Offshore VPS in Bulgaria - anonymous registrations and Bitcoin are accepted.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vps6.net/ VPS6.NET] || 2013.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps6.net/network/ 美国]; 法兰克福, 德国; 布加列斯特, 罗马尼亚; 伊斯坦布尔, 土耳其 || Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vps.net/ VPS.NET] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps.net/cloud-datacenter-locations US, 加拿大, 英国, 巴西, 荷兰, 法国, 德国, 日本, 新加坡, 印度, 澳大利亚] || Managed & Un managed VPS service provider, multiple OS and configurations..<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==安装==<br />
<br />
===KVM===<br />
{{Expansion|我们需要专门针对VPS的指南.}}<br />
参阅 [[QEMU#Preparing an (Arch) Linux guest]].<br />
<br />
===OpenVZ===<br />
<br />
====在任意OpenVZ提供商上安装Arch Linux ====<br />
<br />
{{警告|阅读 [[#top|最上的警告]] 来了解关于较老版本内核和systemd的相关信息.}}<br />
<br />
It's possible to directly copy an installation of Arch Linux over the top of a working OpenVZ VPS. This tutorial explains how to create a basic installation of Arch Linux with {{ic|pacstrap}} (as used in a standard install) and then replace the contents of a target VPS with it using [[rsync]].<br />
<br />
This process (with minor modification) also works to migrate existing Arch installations between various environments and has been confirmed to work in migrating from OpenVZ to Xen and from Xen to OpenVZ. For an install to Xen, other hardware-virtualized platforms, or probably even to physical hardware (unconfirmed), extra steps (basically running {{ic|mkinitcpio}} and [[Boot loaders|installing a bootloader]]) are needed.<br />
<br />
=====前置知识=====<br />
<br />
* A working Arch Linux installation<br />
** To keep things simple, it should match the architecture you want to install on your VPS (x86_64 or i686).<br />
** To build from other distributions, [[Archbootstrap|arch-bootstrap.sh]] can be used in place of {{ic|pacstrap}}.<br />
* The {{Pkg|arch-install-scripts}}, {{Pkg|rsync}}, and {{Pkg|openssh}} packages from the [[official repositories]]<br />
** SSH isn't strictly required, but rsync over SSH is the method used here.<br />
* A VPS running any distribution, with {{ic|rsync}} and a working SSH server<br />
** Its architecture (x86_64 or i686) doesn't matter as long as the OpenVZ installation can support your target architecture.<br />
* OpenVZ's serial console feature (usually accessible via your provider's control panel)<br />
** Without this, any network configuration for the target VPS will have to be done immediately after the "Build" step below.<br />
<br />
=====搭建一个干净的Arch Linux=====<br />
<br />
As root, build the installation (optionally replacing {{ic|build}} with your preferred target directory):<br />
<br />
# mkdir build<br />
# pacstrap -cd build<br />
<br />
Other tweaks for the {{ic|pacstrap}} command:<br />
<br />
*{{ic|-C custom-pacman-config.conf}} - Use a custom pacman configuration file. By default, pacstrap builds according to your local pacman.conf. This determines the architecture (i686 or x86_64) of the build, the mirror list, etc.<br />
*{{ic|-B}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman keyring to the new build. If you use this option, you'll need to run {{ic|pacman-key --init}} and {{ic|pacman-key --populate archlinux}} in the [[Virtual Private Server#Configuration|Configuration]] step to set up the keyring.<br />
*{{ic|-M}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman mirror list to the new build.<br />
<br />
=====把VPS上的所有东西都Arch Arch掉=====<br />
<br />
把目标VPS上所有的文件, 目录和其它各种东西都用你的{{ic|build}}目录的内容替换掉 (把下面的 "YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS" 换掉):<br />
<br />
{{警告|处理下面的命令的时候当心点. {{ic|rsync}}这个命令根据设计就是极具毁灭性的, 特别是带上 {{ic|--delete}} 选项的时候.}}<br />
<br />
# rsync -ax --delete-delay -e ssh --stats -P build/ YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS:/<br />
<br />
选项的解释:<br />
<br />
At minimum, only the {{ic|-a}} (preserve timestamps, permissions, etc.), {{ic|-x}} (don't cross filesystem boundaries), and {{ic|--delete}} (delete anything in the target that doesn't exist in the source) options are required. The {{ic|--delete-delay}} option is an alternate deletion mode which waits to delete anything until the synchronization is otherwise complete; this isn't necessary but may reduce the risk of a slow transfer causing the target VPS to lock-up. The {{ic|-e ssh}} (use rsync over SSH) option is recommended and makes things simple. The {{ic|--stats}} and {{ic|-P}} options are just to show more information.<br />
<br />
=====配置=====<br />
<br />
# Reboot the VPS externally (using your provider's control panel, for example).<br />
# Using OpenVZ's serial console feature, configure the [[Network configuration|network]] and [[Installation_guide#Configure_the_system|basic system settings]] (ignoring fstab generation and arch-chroot steps).<br />
#* If you don't have access to the serial console feature, you'll need to preconfigure your network settings before synchronizing Arch to the VPS.<br />
<br />
===Xen===<br />
{{Expansion|我们需要专门针对VPS的指南.}}<br />
参阅 [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PVHVM mode)]] 及/或 [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PV mode)]].</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux_on_a_VPS_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=356801Arch Linux on a VPS (简体中文)2015-01-17T09:06:20Z<p>Spaike97: /* 支持Arch Linux的提供商 */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Getting and installing Arch]]<br />
[[Category:Virtualization]]<br />
{{Related articles start}}<br />
{{Related|Comprehensive Server Guide}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
[[ja:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
[[zh-CN:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
摘自 [[Wikipedia:Virtual private server]]:<br />
<br />
:''Virtual private server (VPS) is a term used by Internet hosting services to refer to a virtual machine. The term is used for emphasizing that the virtual machine, although running in software on the same physical computer as other customers' virtual machines, is in many respects functionally equivalent to a separate physical computer, is dedicated to the individual customer's needs, has the privacy of a separate physical computer, and can be configured to run server software.''<br />
<br />
本文主要讨论Arch Linux在VPS方面的应用, 并且包括了一些VPS的详细的安装于维护的指南.<br />
<br />
{{警告|systemd从版本205开始就不再支持Linux 2.6.32了(system-212或更高的版本也不行). 因为很多基于容器的虚拟环境依赖较老版本的内核, 在这样的环境下想要保证Arch Linux 随时都是最新版本是不现实的. 然而OpenVZ, 截止[http://openvz.org/Download/kernel/rhel6/042stab094.7 kernel build 042stab094.7], 已经对CLOCK_BOOTTIME 特性进行了backport, 并且现在他可以和最新的systemd一起正常运行.}}<br />
<br />
==支持Arch Linux的提供商==<br />
<br />
{{警告|我们无法为提供商的质量与诚信做担保. 请在下订单前自行进行调查.}}<br />
{{注意|这个列表只列出了那些提供便捷的Arch Linux模板的提供商. 在其他提供商的环境中试用Arch Linux仍然是可行的, 只是相比之下需要更多的工作. 比如我们可以加载自定义的光盘映像 (这需要硬件层面的虚拟化, 比如Xen or KVM), [[Installation guide|installing under chroot]], 或者 [[Virtual Private Server#Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider|using rsync to synchronize Arch over the top of another distribution]].}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! 提供商名 !! Arch 版本 !! 虚拟化环境 !! 地理地点 !! 注意事项<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.milesweb.com/vps-hosting.php A MilesWeb VPS] || 2013.10.14 || OpenVZ || 欧洲, 印度, 美利坚 || Latest Arch Linux available on OpenVZ platform. Quick setup, 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email and Phone. VPS starts from $20 / mo<br />
|-<br />
| [http://123systems.net 123 Systems] || 2010.05.xx || OpenVZ || 达拉斯, 美国-德克萨斯 || Arch available as a selection upon reinstall. Very old (2.6.18-308) kernel - See [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|OpenVZ troubleshooting]]. Limited information available before purchase. Cannot verify Arch Linux version without purchase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://ausweb.com.au AUSWEB] || 一律最新 (啥?) || VMware ESXi || 悉尼, 澳大利亚 || Latest ISO (clarify?) of Arch Available. Enterprise Service. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.affinity.net.nz affinity.net.nz] || 2013.08.01 || KVM || 奥克兰, 新西兰 || IRC channel is #affinity on ircs.kiwicon.org<br />
|-<br />
| [http://afterburst.com/ Afterburst] || 2012.12.01 || OpenVZ || 迈阿密, 美国-佛罗里达; 纽伦堡, 德国 || Formerly FanaticalVPS, kernel version depends on what node your VPS is on, the ones in Miami are fine (2.6.32-042stab072.10) but some of the ones in Germany require a [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|custom glibc]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.buyvm.net/ BuyVM] || 2013.07.01 || KVM || 洛杉矶, 水牛城 纽约 || Must chose a different OS at sign up. Once accessible, choose to mount the latest Arch ISO and reboot to install manually. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://en.edis.at/ Edis] || [http://www.edis.at/en/support-and-service/faq/server-faq/which-distributions-are-available-with-edis-kvm-vps-plans/ 2013.03.01] || vServer, KVM, OpenVZ || [http://www.edis.at/en/server/kvm-vps/austria/ 大量国际节点]. || Also offer dedicated server options as well as an "off-shore" location at the Isle of Man (IM).<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.directvps.nl/ DirectVPS] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰; 洛特丹, 荷兰 || Dutch language site. Version verifyable by clicking through https://www.directvps.nl/try-1.plp?p=31<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gandi.net/hosting/ Gandi] || 2013.10.27 || Xen || 巴黎, 法国; 巴尔地摩, 马里兰, 美国; 比森, 卢森堡 || Very granular scaling of system resources (e.g. RAM, disk space); IPv6-only option available; you can supply your own install image, version based on keyring package version ||<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gigatux.com/virtual.php GigaTux] || [https://www.gigatux.com/distro/ 2013.06.01] || Xen || 芝加哥, 美国-伊利诺伊; 法兰克福, 德国<br />
| 伦敦, 大不列颠; 圣琼斯, 美国-加州 ||<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vr.org/ Host Virtual] || [http://www.vr.org/os/linux-vps/archlinux-vps 2011.08.19] || KVM || [http://www.vr.org/cloud-locations/ 大量国际节点] || Appears to use KVM virtualization. Site lists "Xen based virtualization" and [http://www.vr.org/features/ features] lists ability to install from ISO.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://hostigation.com/ Hostigation] || [https://hostigation.com/wiki/index.php?title=KVM:Install 2010.05 i686] || OpenVZ, KVM || 夏洛特, 美国-北卡; 洛杉矶, 美国-加州 || You can [[Migrating Between Architectures Without Reinstalling|migrate to x86_64]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.intovps.com IntoVPS] || 2012.09.xx || OpenVZ || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰; 布加列斯特, 罗马尼亚; 达拉斯, 美国-德克萨斯; 费利蒙, 美国-加州; 伦敦, 大不列颠 || Blog has not been updated since September, 2012 which included the Arch Linux update.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://leapswitch.com Leapswitch Networks] || [2013.10.xx] || OpenVZ/KVM || 美利坚, 印度, 葡萄牙, 西班牙, 乌克兰, 德国 || ArchLinux currently available in Control Panel for reinstall, not on order form. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.linode.com Linode.com] || [https://www.linode.com/faq.cfm 2013.06.xx] || Xen|| [https://www.linode.com/speedtest/ 东京, 日本; 美国; 伦敦, 大不列颠] || To run a custom kernel, install {{AUR|linux-linode}}. ({{pkg|linux}} will break on a 32-bit Linode.)<br />
|-<br />
| [http://lylix.net/ LYLIX] || [http://lylix.net/archlinux 2014.01.xx] || OpenVZ || 美利坚; 欧洲 || 32-bit and 64-bit available <br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.nodedeploy.com Node Deploy] || 2014.10.01 || OpenVZ, KVM || 德国; 洛杉矶, 美国-加州; 亚特兰大, 美国-佐治亚; 凤凰城, 美国-亚利桑那 || "At NodeDeploy we support virtually every linux distribution." Arch Linux is listed under their Operating Systems. No version information.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://netcup.de Netcup] || 2012.11.xx || KVM || 德国|| German language site. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://onepoundwebhosting.co.uk OnePoundWebHosting] || 2013.05.xx || Xen PV, Xen HVM || 英国 || They are a registrar too. Unable to verify server locations.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.proplay.biz/ proPlay.de] || 2012.12.xx || OpenVZ, KVM || 德国 || German language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.quickvz.com QuickVZ] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ, Xen || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰; 斯德哥尔摩, 瑞典 || Provide hardened Arch Linux images along with Enterprise services (e,g. VPN, Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) and Virtual Routers.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/cloud_hosting_products/servers/ Rackspace Cloud] || 2013.6 || Xen || [https://www.rackspace.com/whyrackspace/network/datacenters/ 大量国际节点] || Billed per hour. Use their "next gen" VPSes (using the mycloud.rackspace.com panel); the Arch image on the first gen Rackspace VPSes is out of date.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramhost.us RamHost.us] || [http://www.ramhost.us/?page=news 2013.05.01] || OpenVZ, KVM || 洛杉矶, 美国-加州; 大不列颠; 亚特兰大, 美国-佐治亚; 德国 || You can request a newer ISO on RamHost's IRC network.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramnode.com RamNode] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=48 2013.07.01] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=39 SSD and SSD Cached:] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=52 OpenVZ, KVM] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=18 西雅图, 华盛顿 美国, 亚特兰大, 佐治亚 美国] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=66 You can request Host/CPU passthrough with KVM service.] [http://www.ramnode.com/about.php Customer service has been prompt and professional.] [https://twitter.com/search?q=ramnode%20code&src=typd Regular discount codes can be found (15-35% off).] [http://www.ramnode.com/index.php Modern hardware.] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/cart.php?carttpl=svz Competitive pricing (before discounts).]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.tilaa.nl/ Tilaa] || 2014.10.01 || [https://www.tilaa.com/pages/vps/technology KVM] || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰 || English or Dutch language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.transip.eu/ TransIP] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-os/ 2013.05.01] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-technology/ KVM] || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰 || English language site. Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/ XenVZ] || 2009.12.07 || OpenVZ, Xen || 英国, 美利坚 || [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/faq.php#use2 Hardware]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.virpus.com/ Virpus] || [http://virpus.com/linux-vps.php 2014.11.07] || Xen || 堪萨斯城, 美国-堪萨斯; 洛杉矶, 美国-加州 || A subcompany of Wow Technologies, Inc. 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email, Phone, and Ticket System. Service starts at $5/month.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vmline.pl/ Vmline] || 2013.09.01 || KVM, OpenVZ || 克拉科夫, 波兰 || [http://www.s-net.pl/en/ S-Net] reseller. Full virtualization. Polish language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vpsbg.eu/ VPSBG.eu] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ || [https://vpsbg.eu/en/index.php?page=vps-datacenter 索菲亚, 保加利亚] || Offshore VPS in Bulgaria - anonymous registrations and Bitcoin are accepted.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vps6.net/ VPS6.NET] || 2013.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps6.net/network/ 美国]; 法兰克福, 德国; 布加列斯特, 罗马尼亚; 伊斯坦布尔, 土耳其 || Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vps.net/ VPS.NET] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps.net/cloud-datacenter-locations US, 加拿大, 英国, 巴西, 荷兰, 法国, 德国, 日本, 新加坡, 印度, 澳大利亚] || Managed & Un managed VPS service provider, multiple OS and configurations..<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==安装==<br />
<br />
===KVM===<br />
{{Expansion|我们需要专门针对VPS的指南.}}<br />
参阅 [[QEMU#Preparing an (Arch) Linux guest]].<br />
<br />
===OpenVZ===<br />
<br />
====在任意OpenVZ提供商上安装Arch Linux ====<br />
<br />
{{警告|阅读 [[#top|最上的警告]] 来了解关于较老版本内核和systemd的相关信息.}}<br />
<br />
It's possible to directly copy an installation of Arch Linux over the top of a working OpenVZ VPS. This tutorial explains how to create a basic installation of Arch Linux with {{ic|pacstrap}} (as used in a standard install) and then replace the contents of a target VPS with it using [[rsync]].<br />
<br />
This process (with minor modification) also works to migrate existing Arch installations between various environments and has been confirmed to work in migrating from OpenVZ to Xen and from Xen to OpenVZ. For an install to Xen, other hardware-virtualized platforms, or probably even to physical hardware (unconfirmed), extra steps (basically running {{ic|mkinitcpio}} and [[Boot loaders|installing a bootloader]]) are needed.<br />
<br />
=====前置知识=====<br />
<br />
* A working Arch Linux installation<br />
** To keep things simple, it should match the architecture you want to install on your VPS (x86_64 or i686).<br />
** To build from other distributions, [[Archbootstrap|arch-bootstrap.sh]] can be used in place of {{ic|pacstrap}}.<br />
* The {{Pkg|arch-install-scripts}}, {{Pkg|rsync}}, and {{Pkg|openssh}} packages from the [[official repositories]]<br />
** SSH isn't strictly required, but rsync over SSH is the method used here.<br />
* A VPS running any distribution, with {{ic|rsync}} and a working SSH server<br />
** Its architecture (x86_64 or i686) doesn't matter as long as the OpenVZ installation can support your target architecture.<br />
* OpenVZ's serial console feature (usually accessible via your provider's control panel)<br />
** Without this, any network configuration for the target VPS will have to be done immediately after the "Build" step below.<br />
<br />
=====搭建一个干净的Arch Linux=====<br />
<br />
As root, build the installation (optionally replacing {{ic|build}} with your preferred target directory):<br />
<br />
# mkdir build<br />
# pacstrap -cd build<br />
<br />
Other tweaks for the {{ic|pacstrap}} command:<br />
<br />
*{{ic|-C custom-pacman-config.conf}} - Use a custom pacman configuration file. By default, pacstrap builds according to your local pacman.conf. This determines the architecture (i686 or x86_64) of the build, the mirror list, etc.<br />
*{{ic|-B}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman keyring to the new build. If you use this option, you'll need to run {{ic|pacman-key --init}} and {{ic|pacman-key --populate archlinux}} in the [[Virtual Private Server#Configuration|Configuration]] step to set up the keyring.<br />
*{{ic|-M}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman mirror list to the new build.<br />
<br />
=====把VPS上的所有东西都Arch Arch掉=====<br />
<br />
把目标VPS上所有的文件, 目录和其它各种东西都用你的{{ic|build}}目录的内容替换掉 (把下面的 "YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS" 换掉):<br />
<br />
{{警告|处理下面的命令的时候当心点. {{ic|rsync}}这个命令根据设计就是极具毁灭性的, 特别是带上 {{ic|--delete}} 选项的时候.}}<br />
<br />
# rsync -ax --delete-delay -e ssh --stats -P build/ YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS:/<br />
<br />
选项的解释:<br />
<br />
At minimum, only the {{ic|-a}} (preserve timestamps, permissions, etc.), {{ic|-x}} (don't cross filesystem boundaries), and {{ic|--delete}} (delete anything in the target that doesn't exist in the source) options are required. The {{ic|--delete-delay}} option is an alternate deletion mode which waits to delete anything until the synchronization is otherwise complete; this isn't necessary but may reduce the risk of a slow transfer causing the target VPS to lock-up. The {{ic|-e ssh}} (use rsync over SSH) option is recommended and makes things simple. The {{ic|--stats}} and {{ic|-P}} options are just to show more information.<br />
<br />
=====配置=====<br />
<br />
# Reboot the VPS externally (using your provider's control panel, for example).<br />
# Using OpenVZ's serial console feature, configure the [[Network configuration|network]] and [[Installation_guide#Configure_the_system|basic system settings]] (ignoring fstab generation and arch-chroot steps).<br />
#* If you don't have access to the serial console feature, you'll need to preconfigure your network settings before synchronizing Arch to the VPS.<br />
<br />
===Xen===<br />
{{Expansion|我们需要专门针对VPS的指南.}}<br />
参阅 [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PVHVM mode)]] 及/或 [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PV mode)]].</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux_on_a_VPS_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=356799Arch Linux on a VPS (简体中文)2015-01-17T08:44:32Z<p>Spaike97: /* 支持Arch Linux的提供商 */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Getting and installing Arch]]<br />
[[Category:Virtualization]]<br />
{{Related articles start}}<br />
{{Related|Comprehensive Server Guide}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
[[ja:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
[[zh-CN:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
摘自 [[Wikipedia:Virtual private server]]:<br />
<br />
:''Virtual private server (VPS) is a term used by Internet hosting services to refer to a virtual machine. The term is used for emphasizing that the virtual machine, although running in software on the same physical computer as other customers' virtual machines, is in many respects functionally equivalent to a separate physical computer, is dedicated to the individual customer's needs, has the privacy of a separate physical computer, and can be configured to run server software.''<br />
<br />
本文主要讨论Arch Linux在VPS方面的应用, 并且包括了一些VPS的详细的安装于维护的指南.<br />
<br />
{{警告|systemd从版本205开始就不再支持Linux 2.6.32了(system-212或更高的版本也不行). 因为很多基于容器的虚拟环境依赖较老版本的内核, 在这样的环境下想要保证Arch Linux 随时都是最新版本是不现实的. 然而OpenVZ, 截止[http://openvz.org/Download/kernel/rhel6/042stab094.7 kernel build 042stab094.7], 已经对CLOCK_BOOTTIME 特性进行了backport, 并且现在他可以和最新的systemd一起正常运行.}}<br />
<br />
==支持Arch Linux的提供商==<br />
<br />
{{警告|我们无法为提供商的质量与诚信做担保. 请在下订单前自行进行调查.}}<br />
{{注意|这个列表只列出了那些提供便捷的Arch Linux模板的提供商. 在其他提供商的环境中试用Arch Linux仍然是可行的, 只是相比之下需要更多的工作. 比如我们可以加载自定义的光盘映像 (这需要硬件层面的虚拟化, 比如Xen or KVM), [[Installation guide|installing under chroot]], 或者 [[Virtual Private Server#Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider|using rsync to synchronize Arch over the top of another distribution]].}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! 提供商名 !! Arch 版本 !! 虚拟化环境 !! 地理地点 !! 注意事项<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.milesweb.com/vps-hosting.php A MilesWeb VPS] || 2013.10.14 || OpenVZ || 欧洲, 印度, 美利坚 || Latest Arch Linux available on OpenVZ platform. Quick setup, 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email and Phone. VPS starts from $20 / mo<br />
|-<br />
| [http://123systems.net 123 Systems] || 2010.05.xx || OpenVZ || 达拉斯, 美国-德克萨斯 || Arch available as a selection upon reinstall. Very old (2.6.18-308) kernel - See [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|OpenVZ troubleshooting]]. Limited information available before purchase. Cannot verify Arch Linux version without purchase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://ausweb.com.au AUSWEB] || 一律最新 (啥?) || VMware ESXi || 悉尼, 澳大利亚 || Latest ISO (clarify?) of Arch Available. Enterprise Service. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.affinity.net.nz affinity.net.nz] || 2013.08.01 || KVM || 奥克兰, 新西兰 || IRC channel is #affinity on ircs.kiwicon.org<br />
|-<br />
| [http://afterburst.com/ Afterburst] || 2012.12.01 || OpenVZ || 迈阿密, 美国-佛罗里达; Nuremberg, DE || Formerly FanaticalVPS, kernel version depends on what node your VPS is on, the ones in Miami are fine (2.6.32-042stab072.10) but some of the ones in Germany require a [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|custom glibc]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.buyvm.net/ BuyVM] || 2013.07.01 || KVM || 洛杉矶, 水牛城 纽约 || Must chose a different OS at sign up. Once accessible, choose to mount the latest Arch ISO and reboot to install manually. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://en.edis.at/ Edis] || [http://www.edis.at/en/support-and-service/faq/server-faq/which-distributions-are-available-with-edis-kvm-vps-plans/ 2013.03.01] || vServer, KVM, OpenVZ || [http://www.edis.at/en/server/kvm-vps/austria/ Multiple international locations]. || Also offer dedicated server options as well as an "off-shore" location at the Isle of Man (IM).<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.directvps.nl/ DirectVPS] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰; 洛特丹, 荷兰 || Dutch language site. Version verifyable by clicking through https://www.directvps.nl/try-1.plp?p=31<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gandi.net/hosting/ Gandi] || 2013.10.27 || Xen || 巴黎, 法国; 巴尔地摩, 马里兰, 美国; Bissen, LU || Very granular scaling of system resources (e.g. RAM, disk space); IPv6-only option available; you can supply your own install image, version based on keyring package version ||<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gigatux.com/virtual.php GigaTux] || [https://www.gigatux.com/distro/ 2013.06.01] || Xen || 芝加哥, 美国-伊利诺伊; Frankfurt, DE; 伦敦, 大不列颠; 圣琼斯, 美国-加州 ||<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vr.org/ Host Virtual] || [http://www.vr.org/os/linux-vps/archlinux-vps 2011.08.19] || KVM || [http://www.vr.org/cloud-locations/ Multiple International Locations] || Appears to use KVM virtualization. Site lists "Xen based virtualization" and [http://www.vr.org/features/ features] lists ability to install from ISO.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://hostigation.com/ Hostigation] || [https://hostigation.com/wiki/index.php?title=KVM:Install 2010.05 i686] || OpenVZ, KVM || Charlotte, 美国-北卡; 洛杉矶, 美国-加州 || You can [[Migrating Between Architectures Without Reinstalling|migrate to x86_64]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.intovps.com IntoVPS] || 2012.09.xx || OpenVZ || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰; Bucharest, RO; 达拉斯, 美国-德克萨斯; Fremont, 美国-加州; 伦敦, 大不列颠 || Blog has not been updated since September, 2012 which included the Arch Linux update.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://leapswitch.com Leapswitch Networks] || [2013.10.xx] || OpenVZ/KVM || 美利坚, 印度, 葡萄牙, 西班牙, 乌克兰, 德国 || ArchLinux currently available in Control Panel for reinstall, not on order form. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.linode.com Linode.com] || [https://www.linode.com/faq.cfm 2013.06.xx] || Xen|| [https://www.linode.com/speedtest/ 东京, 日本; 美国; 伦敦, 大不列颠] || To run a custom kernel, install {{AUR|linux-linode}}. ({{pkg|linux}} will break on a 32-bit Linode.)<br />
|-<br />
| [http://lylix.net/ LYLIX] || [http://lylix.net/archlinux 2014.01.xx] || OpenVZ || 美利坚; 欧洲 || 32-bit and 64-bit available <br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.nodedeploy.com Node Deploy] || 2014.10.01 || OpenVZ, KVM || 德国; 洛杉矶, 美国-加州; 亚特兰大, 美国-佐治亚; 凤凰城, 美国-亚利桑那 || "At NodeDeploy we support virtually every linux distribution." Arch Linux is listed under their Operating Systems. No version information.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://netcup.de Netcup] || 2012.11.xx || KVM || 德国|| German language site. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://onepoundwebhosting.co.uk OnePoundWebHosting] || 2013.05.xx || Xen PV, Xen HVM || 英国 || They are a registrar too. Unable to verify server locations.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.proplay.biz/ proPlay.de] || 2012.12.xx || OpenVZ, KVM || 德国 || German language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.quickvz.com QuickVZ] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ, Xen || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰; Stockholm, Sweden (SE) || Provide hardened Arch Linux images along with Enterprise services (e,g. VPN, Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) and Virtual Routers.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/cloud_hosting_products/servers/ Rackspace Cloud] || 2013.6 || Xen || [https://www.rackspace.com/whyrackspace/network/datacenters/ Multiple international locations] || Billed per hour. Use their "next gen" VPSes (using the mycloud.rackspace.com panel); the Arch image on the first gen Rackspace VPSes is out of date.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramhost.us RamHost.us] || [http://www.ramhost.us/?page=news 2013.05.01] || OpenVZ, KVM || 洛杉矶, 美国-加州; 大不列颠; 亚特兰大, 美国-佐治亚; 德国 || You can request a newer ISO on RamHost's IRC network.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramnode.com RamNode] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=48 2013.07.01] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=39 SSD and SSD Cached:] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=52 OpenVZ, KVM] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=18 Seattle, WA USA, Atlanta, GA USA] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=66 You can request Host/CPU passthrough with KVM service.] [http://www.ramnode.com/about.php Customer service has been prompt and professional.] [https://twitter.com/search?q=ramnode%20code&src=typd Regular discount codes can be found (15-35% off).] [http://www.ramnode.com/index.php Modern hardware.] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/cart.php?carttpl=svz Competitive pricing (before discounts).]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.tilaa.nl/ Tilaa] || 2014.10.01 || [https://www.tilaa.com/pages/vps/technology KVM] || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰 || English or Dutch language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.transip.eu/ TransIP] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-os/ 2013.05.01] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-technology/ KVM] || 阿姆斯特丹, 荷兰 || English language site. Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/ XenVZ] || 2009.12.07 || OpenVZ, Xen || 英国, 美利坚 || [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/faq.php#use2 Hardware]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.virpus.com/ Virpus] || [http://virpus.com/linux-vps.php 2014.11.07] || Xen || 堪萨斯城, 美国-堪萨斯; 洛杉矶, 美国-加州 || A subcompany of Wow Technologies, Inc. 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email, Phone, and Ticket System. Service starts at $5/month.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vmline.pl/ Vmline] || 2013.09.01 || KVM, OpenVZ || 克拉科夫, 波兰 || [http://www.s-net.pl/en/ S-Net] reseller. Full virtualization. Polish language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vpsbg.eu/ VPSBG.eu] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ || [https://vpsbg.eu/en/index.php?page=vps-datacenter Sofia, Bulgaria] || Offshore VPS in Bulgaria - anonymous registrations and Bitcoin are accepted.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vps6.net/ VPS6.NET] || 2013.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps6.net/network/ Multiple US]; Frankfurt, DE; Bucharest, RO; Istanbul, TR || Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vps.net/ VPS.NET] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps.net/cloud-datacenter-locations US, 加拿大, 英国, 巴西, 荷兰, 法国, 德国, 日本, 新加坡, 印度, 澳大利亚]; Multiple || Managed & Un managed VPS service provider, multiple OS and configurations..<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==安装==<br />
<br />
===KVM===<br />
{{Expansion|我们需要专门针对VPS的指南.}}<br />
参阅 [[QEMU#Preparing an (Arch) Linux guest]].<br />
<br />
===OpenVZ===<br />
<br />
====在任意OpenVZ提供商上安装Arch Linux ====<br />
<br />
{{警告|阅读 [[#top|最上的警告]] 来了解关于较老版本内核和systemd的相关信息.}}<br />
<br />
It's possible to directly copy an installation of Arch Linux over the top of a working OpenVZ VPS. This tutorial explains how to create a basic installation of Arch Linux with {{ic|pacstrap}} (as used in a standard install) and then replace the contents of a target VPS with it using [[rsync]].<br />
<br />
This process (with minor modification) also works to migrate existing Arch installations between various environments and has been confirmed to work in migrating from OpenVZ to Xen and from Xen to OpenVZ. For an install to Xen, other hardware-virtualized platforms, or probably even to physical hardware (unconfirmed), extra steps (basically running {{ic|mkinitcpio}} and [[Boot loaders|installing a bootloader]]) are needed.<br />
<br />
=====前置知识=====<br />
<br />
* A working Arch Linux installation<br />
** To keep things simple, it should match the architecture you want to install on your VPS (x86_64 or i686).<br />
** To build from other distributions, [[Archbootstrap|arch-bootstrap.sh]] can be used in place of {{ic|pacstrap}}.<br />
* The {{Pkg|arch-install-scripts}}, {{Pkg|rsync}}, and {{Pkg|openssh}} packages from the [[official repositories]]<br />
** SSH isn't strictly required, but rsync over SSH is the method used here.<br />
* A VPS running any distribution, with {{ic|rsync}} and a working SSH server<br />
** Its architecture (x86_64 or i686) doesn't matter as long as the OpenVZ installation can support your target architecture.<br />
* OpenVZ's serial console feature (usually accessible via your provider's control panel)<br />
** Without this, any network configuration for the target VPS will have to be done immediately after the "Build" step below.<br />
<br />
=====搭建一个干净的Arch Linux=====<br />
<br />
As root, build the installation (optionally replacing {{ic|build}} with your preferred target directory):<br />
<br />
# mkdir build<br />
# pacstrap -cd build<br />
<br />
Other tweaks for the {{ic|pacstrap}} command:<br />
<br />
*{{ic|-C custom-pacman-config.conf}} - Use a custom pacman configuration file. By default, pacstrap builds according to your local pacman.conf. This determines the architecture (i686 or x86_64) of the build, the mirror list, etc.<br />
*{{ic|-B}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman keyring to the new build. If you use this option, you'll need to run {{ic|pacman-key --init}} and {{ic|pacman-key --populate archlinux}} in the [[Virtual Private Server#Configuration|Configuration]] step to set up the keyring.<br />
*{{ic|-M}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman mirror list to the new build.<br />
<br />
=====把VPS上的所有东西都Arch Arch掉=====<br />
<br />
把目标VPS上所有的文件, 目录和其它各种东西都用你的{{ic|build}}目录的内容替换掉 (把下面的 "YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS" 换掉):<br />
<br />
{{警告|处理下面的命令的时候当心点. {{ic|rsync}}这个命令根据设计就是极具毁灭性的, 特别是带上 {{ic|--delete}} 选项的时候.}}<br />
<br />
# rsync -ax --delete-delay -e ssh --stats -P build/ YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS:/<br />
<br />
选项的解释:<br />
<br />
At minimum, only the {{ic|-a}} (preserve timestamps, permissions, etc.), {{ic|-x}} (don't cross filesystem boundaries), and {{ic|--delete}} (delete anything in the target that doesn't exist in the source) options are required. The {{ic|--delete-delay}} option is an alternate deletion mode which waits to delete anything until the synchronization is otherwise complete; this isn't necessary but may reduce the risk of a slow transfer causing the target VPS to lock-up. The {{ic|-e ssh}} (use rsync over SSH) option is recommended and makes things simple. The {{ic|--stats}} and {{ic|-P}} options are just to show more information.<br />
<br />
=====配置=====<br />
<br />
# Reboot the VPS externally (using your provider's control panel, for example).<br />
# Using OpenVZ's serial console feature, configure the [[Network configuration|network]] and [[Installation_guide#Configure_the_system|basic system settings]] (ignoring fstab generation and arch-chroot steps).<br />
#* If you don't have access to the serial console feature, you'll need to preconfigure your network settings before synchronizing Arch to the VPS.<br />
<br />
===Xen===<br />
{{Expansion|我们需要专门针对VPS的指南.}}<br />
参阅 [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PVHVM mode)]] 及/或 [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PV mode)]].</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux_on_a_VPS_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=356798Arch Linux on a VPS (简体中文)2015-01-17T08:28:25Z<p>Spaike97: /* Installation */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Getting and installing Arch]]<br />
[[Category:Virtualization]]<br />
{{Related articles start}}<br />
{{Related|Comprehensive Server Guide}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
[[ja:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
[[zh-CN:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
摘自 [[Wikipedia:Virtual private server]]:<br />
<br />
:''Virtual private server (VPS) is a term used by Internet hosting services to refer to a virtual machine. The term is used for emphasizing that the virtual machine, although running in software on the same physical computer as other customers' virtual machines, is in many respects functionally equivalent to a separate physical computer, is dedicated to the individual customer's needs, has the privacy of a separate physical computer, and can be configured to run server software.''<br />
<br />
本文主要讨论Arch Linux在VPS方面的应用, 并且包括了一些VPS的详细的安装于维护的指南.<br />
<br />
{{警告|systemd从版本205开始就不再支持Linux 2.6.32了(system-212或更高的版本也不行). 因为很多基于容器的虚拟环境依赖较老版本的内核, 在这样的环境下想要保证Arch Linux 随时都是最新版本是不现实的. 然而OpenVZ, 截止[http://openvz.org/Download/kernel/rhel6/042stab094.7 kernel build 042stab094.7], 已经对CLOCK_BOOTTIME 特性进行了backport, 并且现在他可以和最新的systemd一起正常运行.}}<br />
<br />
==支持Arch Linux的提供商==<br />
<br />
{{警告|我们无法为提供商的质量与诚信做担保. 请在下订单前自行进行调查.}}<br />
{{注意|这个列表只列出了那些提供便捷的Arch Linux模板的提供商. 在其他提供商的环境中试用Arch Linux仍然是可行的, 只是相比之下需要更多的工作. 比如我们可以加载自定义的光盘映像 (这需要硬件层面的虚拟化, 比如Xen or KVM), [[Installation guide|installing under chroot]], 或者 [[Virtual Private Server#Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider|using rsync to synchronize Arch over the top of another distribution]].}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! 提供商名 !! Arch 版本 !! 虚拟化环境 !! 地理地点 !! 注意事项<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.milesweb.com/vps-hosting.php A MilesWeb VPS] || 2013.10.14 || OpenVZ || Europe, India, US || Latest Arch Linux available on OpenVZ platform. Quick setup, 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email and Phone. VPS starts from $20 / mo<br />
|-<br />
| [http://123systems.net 123 Systems] || 2010.05.xx || OpenVZ || Dallas, US-TX || Arch available as a selection upon reinstall. Very old (2.6.18-308) kernel - See [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|OpenVZ troubleshooting]]. Limited information available before purchase. Cannot verify Arch Linux version without purchase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://ausweb.com.au AUSWEB] || Latest Only (clarify?) || VMware ESXi || Sydney, AU || Latest ISO (clarify?) of Arch Available. Enterprise Service. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.affinity.net.nz affinity.net.nz] || 2013.08.01 || KVM || Auckland, New Zealand (NZ) || IRC channel is #affinity on ircs.kiwicon.org<br />
|-<br />
| [http://afterburst.com/ Afterburst] || 2012.12.01 || OpenVZ || Miami, US-FL; Nuremberg, DE || Formerly FanaticalVPS, kernel version depends on what node your VPS is on, the ones in Miami are fine (2.6.32-042stab072.10) but some of the ones in Germany require a [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|custom glibc]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.buyvm.net/ BuyVM] || 2013.07.01 || KVM || LA, Buffalo NY || Must chose a different OS at sign up. Once accessible, choose to mount the latest Arch ISO and reboot to install manually. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://en.edis.at/ Edis] || [http://www.edis.at/en/support-and-service/faq/server-faq/which-distributions-are-available-with-edis-kvm-vps-plans/ 2013.03.01] || vServer, KVM, OpenVZ || [http://www.edis.at/en/server/kvm-vps/austria/ Multiple international locations]. || Also offer dedicated server options as well as an "off-shore" location at the Isle of Man (IM).<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.directvps.nl/ DirectVPS] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Rotterdam, NL || Dutch language site. Version verifyable by clicking through https://www.directvps.nl/try-1.plp?p=31<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gandi.net/hosting/ Gandi] || 2013.10.27 || Xen || Paris, FR; Baltimore, MD, US; Bissen, LU || Very granular scaling of system resources (e.g. RAM, disk space); IPv6-only option available; you can supply your own install image, version based on keyring package version ||<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gigatux.com/virtual.php GigaTux] || [https://www.gigatux.com/distro/ 2013.06.01] || Xen || Chicago, US-IL; Frankfurt, DE; London, GB; San Jose, US-CA ||<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vr.org/ Host Virtual] || [http://www.vr.org/os/linux-vps/archlinux-vps 2011.08.19] || KVM || [http://www.vr.org/cloud-locations/ Multiple International Locations] || Appears to use KVM virtualization. Site lists "Xen based virtualization" and [http://www.vr.org/features/ features] lists ability to install from ISO.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://hostigation.com/ Hostigation] || [https://hostigation.com/wiki/index.php?title=KVM:Install 2010.05 i686] || OpenVZ, KVM || Charlotte, US-NC; Los Angeles, US-CA || You can [[Migrating Between Architectures Without Reinstalling|migrate to x86_64]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.intovps.com IntoVPS] || 2012.09.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Bucharest, RO; Dallas, US-TX; Fremont, US-CA; London, GB || Blog has not been updated since September, 2012 which included the Arch Linux update.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://leapswitch.com Leapswitch Networks] || [2013.10.xx] || OpenVZ/KVM || USA, India, Portugal, Spain, Ukraine, Germany || ArchLinux currently available in Control Panel for reinstall, not on order form. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.linode.com Linode.com] || [https://www.linode.com/faq.cfm 2013.06.xx] || Xen|| [https://www.linode.com/speedtest/ Tokyo, JP; Multiple US; London, GB] || To run a custom kernel, install {{AUR|linux-linode}}. ({{pkg|linux}} will break on a 32-bit Linode.)<br />
|-<br />
| [http://lylix.net/ LYLIX] || [http://lylix.net/archlinux 2014.01.xx] || OpenVZ || Multiple US; Europe || 32-bit and 64-bit available <br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.nodedeploy.com Node Deploy] || 2014.10.01 || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE); Los Angeles, US-CA; Atlanta, US-GA; Phoenix, US-AZ || "At NodeDeploy we support virtually every linux distribution." Arch Linux is listed under their Operating Systems. No version information.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://netcup.de Netcup] || 2012.11.xx || KVM || Germany (DE)|| German language site. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://onepoundwebhosting.co.uk OnePoundWebHosting] || 2013.05.xx || Xen PV, Xen HVM || United Kingdom (UK) || They are a registrar too. Unable to verify server locations.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.proplay.biz/ proPlay.de] || 2012.12.xx || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE) || German language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.quickvz.com QuickVZ] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ, Xen || Amsterdam, Netherlands (NL); Stockholm, Sweden (SE) || Provide hardened Arch Linux images along with Enterprise services (e,g. VPN, Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) and Virtual Routers.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/cloud_hosting_products/servers/ Rackspace Cloud] || 2013.6 || Xen || [https://www.rackspace.com/whyrackspace/network/datacenters/ Multiple international locations] || Billed per hour. Use their "next gen" VPSes (using the mycloud.rackspace.com panel); the Arch image on the first gen Rackspace VPSes is out of date.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramhost.us RamHost.us] || [http://www.ramhost.us/?page=news 2013.05.01] || OpenVZ, KVM || Los Angeles, US-CA; Great Britain (GB); Atlanta, US-GA; Germany (DE) || You can request a newer ISO on RamHost's IRC network.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramnode.com RamNode] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=48 2013.07.01] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=39 SSD and SSD Cached:] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=52 OpenVZ, KVM] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=18 Seattle, WA USA, Atlanta, GA USA] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=66 You can request Host/CPU passthrough with KVM service.] [http://www.ramnode.com/about.php Customer service has been prompt and professional.] [https://twitter.com/search?q=ramnode%20code&src=typd Regular discount codes can be found (15-35% off).] [http://www.ramnode.com/index.php Modern hardware.] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/cart.php?carttpl=svz Competitive pricing (before discounts).]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.tilaa.nl/ Tilaa] || 2014.10.01 || [https://www.tilaa.com/pages/vps/technology KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English or Dutch language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.transip.eu/ TransIP] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-os/ 2013.05.01] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-technology/ KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English language site. Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/ XenVZ] || 2009.12.07 || OpenVZ, Xen || United Kingdom (UK), United States (US) || [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/faq.php#use2 Hardware]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.virpus.com/ Virpus] || [http://virpus.com/linux-vps.php 2014.11.07] || Xen || Kansas City, US-KS; Los Angeles, US-CA || A subcompany of Wow Technologies, Inc. 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email, Phone, and Ticket System. Service starts at $5/month.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vmline.pl/ Vmline] || 2013.09.01 || KVM, OpenVZ || Kraków, PL || [http://www.s-net.pl/en/ S-Net] reseller. Full virtualization. Polish language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vpsbg.eu/ VPSBG.eu] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ || [https://vpsbg.eu/en/index.php?page=vps-datacenter Sofia, Bulgaria] || Offshore VPS in Bulgaria - anonymous registrations and Bitcoin are accepted.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vps6.net/ VPS6.NET] || 2013.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps6.net/network/ Multiple US]; Frankfurt, DE; Bucharest, RO; Istanbul, TR || Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vps.net/ VPS.NET] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps.net/cloud-datacenter-locations US, Canada, UK, Brazil, Netherlands, France, Germany, Japan, Singapore, India, Austrlia]; Multiple || Managed & Un managed VPS service provider, multiple OS and configurations..<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==安装==<br />
<br />
===KVM===<br />
{{Expansion|我们需要专门针对VPS的指南.}}<br />
参阅 [[QEMU#Preparing an (Arch) Linux guest]].<br />
<br />
===OpenVZ===<br />
<br />
====在任意OpenVZ提供商上安装Arch Linux ====<br />
<br />
{{警告|阅读 [[#top|最上的警告]] 来了解关于较老版本内核和systemd的相关信息.}}<br />
<br />
It's possible to directly copy an installation of Arch Linux over the top of a working OpenVZ VPS. This tutorial explains how to create a basic installation of Arch Linux with {{ic|pacstrap}} (as used in a standard install) and then replace the contents of a target VPS with it using [[rsync]].<br />
<br />
This process (with minor modification) also works to migrate existing Arch installations between various environments and has been confirmed to work in migrating from OpenVZ to Xen and from Xen to OpenVZ. For an install to Xen, other hardware-virtualized platforms, or probably even to physical hardware (unconfirmed), extra steps (basically running {{ic|mkinitcpio}} and [[Boot loaders|installing a bootloader]]) are needed.<br />
<br />
=====前置知识=====<br />
<br />
* A working Arch Linux installation<br />
** To keep things simple, it should match the architecture you want to install on your VPS (x86_64 or i686).<br />
** To build from other distributions, [[Archbootstrap|arch-bootstrap.sh]] can be used in place of {{ic|pacstrap}}.<br />
* The {{Pkg|arch-install-scripts}}, {{Pkg|rsync}}, and {{Pkg|openssh}} packages from the [[official repositories]]<br />
** SSH isn't strictly required, but rsync over SSH is the method used here.<br />
* A VPS running any distribution, with {{ic|rsync}} and a working SSH server<br />
** Its architecture (x86_64 or i686) doesn't matter as long as the OpenVZ installation can support your target architecture.<br />
* OpenVZ's serial console feature (usually accessible via your provider's control panel)<br />
** Without this, any network configuration for the target VPS will have to be done immediately after the "Build" step below.<br />
<br />
=====搭建一个干净的Arch Linux=====<br />
<br />
As root, build the installation (optionally replacing {{ic|build}} with your preferred target directory):<br />
<br />
# mkdir build<br />
# pacstrap -cd build<br />
<br />
Other tweaks for the {{ic|pacstrap}} command:<br />
<br />
*{{ic|-C custom-pacman-config.conf}} - Use a custom pacman configuration file. By default, pacstrap builds according to your local pacman.conf. This determines the architecture (i686 or x86_64) of the build, the mirror list, etc.<br />
*{{ic|-B}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman keyring to the new build. If you use this option, you'll need to run {{ic|pacman-key --init}} and {{ic|pacman-key --populate archlinux}} in the [[Virtual Private Server#Configuration|Configuration]] step to set up the keyring.<br />
*{{ic|-M}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman mirror list to the new build.<br />
<br />
=====把VPS上的所有东西都Arch Arch掉=====<br />
<br />
把目标VPS上所有的文件, 目录和其它各种东西都用你的{{ic|build}}目录的内容替换掉 (把下面的 "YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS" 换掉):<br />
<br />
{{警告|处理下面的命令的时候当心点. {{ic|rsync}}这个命令根据设计就是极具毁灭性的, 特别是带上 {{ic|--delete}} 选项的时候.}}<br />
<br />
# rsync -ax --delete-delay -e ssh --stats -P build/ YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS:/<br />
<br />
选项的解释:<br />
<br />
At minimum, only the {{ic|-a}} (preserve timestamps, permissions, etc.), {{ic|-x}} (don't cross filesystem boundaries), and {{ic|--delete}} (delete anything in the target that doesn't exist in the source) options are required. The {{ic|--delete-delay}} option is an alternate deletion mode which waits to delete anything until the synchronization is otherwise complete; this isn't necessary but may reduce the risk of a slow transfer causing the target VPS to lock-up. The {{ic|-e ssh}} (use rsync over SSH) option is recommended and makes things simple. The {{ic|--stats}} and {{ic|-P}} options are just to show more information.<br />
<br />
=====配置=====<br />
<br />
# Reboot the VPS externally (using your provider's control panel, for example).<br />
# Using OpenVZ's serial console feature, configure the [[Network configuration|network]] and [[Installation_guide#Configure_the_system|basic system settings]] (ignoring fstab generation and arch-chroot steps).<br />
#* If you don't have access to the serial console feature, you'll need to preconfigure your network settings before synchronizing Arch to the VPS.<br />
<br />
===Xen===<br />
{{Expansion|我们需要专门针对VPS的指南.}}<br />
参阅 [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PVHVM mode)]] 及/或 [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PV mode)]].</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux_on_a_VPS_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=356795Arch Linux on a VPS (简体中文)2015-01-17T08:17:56Z<p>Spaike97: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Getting and installing Arch]]<br />
[[Category:Virtualization]]<br />
{{Related articles start}}<br />
{{Related|Comprehensive Server Guide}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
[[ja:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
[[zh-CN:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
摘自 [[Wikipedia:Virtual private server]]:<br />
<br />
:''Virtual private server (VPS) is a term used by Internet hosting services to refer to a virtual machine. The term is used for emphasizing that the virtual machine, although running in software on the same physical computer as other customers' virtual machines, is in many respects functionally equivalent to a separate physical computer, is dedicated to the individual customer's needs, has the privacy of a separate physical computer, and can be configured to run server software.''<br />
<br />
本文主要讨论Arch Linux在VPS方面的应用, 并且包括了一些VPS的详细的安装于维护的指南.<br />
<br />
{{警告|systemd从版本205开始就不再支持Linux 2.6.32了(system-212或更高的版本也不行). 因为很多基于容器的虚拟环境依赖较老版本的内核, 在这样的环境下想要保证Arch Linux 随时都是最新版本是不现实的. 然而OpenVZ, 截止[http://openvz.org/Download/kernel/rhel6/042stab094.7 kernel build 042stab094.7], 已经对CLOCK_BOOTTIME 特性进行了backport, 并且现在他可以和最新的systemd一起正常运行.}}<br />
<br />
==支持Arch Linux的提供商==<br />
<br />
{{警告|我们无法为提供商的质量与诚信做担保. 请在下订单前自行进行调查.}}<br />
{{注意|这个列表只列出了那些提供便捷的Arch Linux模板的提供商. 在其他提供商的环境中试用Arch Linux仍然是可行的, 只是相比之下需要更多的工作. 比如我们可以加载自定义的光盘映像 (这需要硬件层面的虚拟化, 比如Xen or KVM), [[Installation guide|installing under chroot]], 或者 [[Virtual Private Server#Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider|using rsync to synchronize Arch over the top of another distribution]].}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! 提供商名 !! Arch 版本 !! 虚拟化环境 !! 地理地点 !! 注意事项<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.milesweb.com/vps-hosting.php A MilesWeb VPS] || 2013.10.14 || OpenVZ || Europe, India, US || Latest Arch Linux available on OpenVZ platform. Quick setup, 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email and Phone. VPS starts from $20 / mo<br />
|-<br />
| [http://123systems.net 123 Systems] || 2010.05.xx || OpenVZ || Dallas, US-TX || Arch available as a selection upon reinstall. Very old (2.6.18-308) kernel - See [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|OpenVZ troubleshooting]]. Limited information available before purchase. Cannot verify Arch Linux version without purchase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://ausweb.com.au AUSWEB] || Latest Only (clarify?) || VMware ESXi || Sydney, AU || Latest ISO (clarify?) of Arch Available. Enterprise Service. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.affinity.net.nz affinity.net.nz] || 2013.08.01 || KVM || Auckland, New Zealand (NZ) || IRC channel is #affinity on ircs.kiwicon.org<br />
|-<br />
| [http://afterburst.com/ Afterburst] || 2012.12.01 || OpenVZ || Miami, US-FL; Nuremberg, DE || Formerly FanaticalVPS, kernel version depends on what node your VPS is on, the ones in Miami are fine (2.6.32-042stab072.10) but some of the ones in Germany require a [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|custom glibc]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.buyvm.net/ BuyVM] || 2013.07.01 || KVM || LA, Buffalo NY || Must chose a different OS at sign up. Once accessible, choose to mount the latest Arch ISO and reboot to install manually. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://en.edis.at/ Edis] || [http://www.edis.at/en/support-and-service/faq/server-faq/which-distributions-are-available-with-edis-kvm-vps-plans/ 2013.03.01] || vServer, KVM, OpenVZ || [http://www.edis.at/en/server/kvm-vps/austria/ Multiple international locations]. || Also offer dedicated server options as well as an "off-shore" location at the Isle of Man (IM).<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.directvps.nl/ DirectVPS] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Rotterdam, NL || Dutch language site. Version verifyable by clicking through https://www.directvps.nl/try-1.plp?p=31<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gandi.net/hosting/ Gandi] || 2013.10.27 || Xen || Paris, FR; Baltimore, MD, US; Bissen, LU || Very granular scaling of system resources (e.g. RAM, disk space); IPv6-only option available; you can supply your own install image, version based on keyring package version ||<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gigatux.com/virtual.php GigaTux] || [https://www.gigatux.com/distro/ 2013.06.01] || Xen || Chicago, US-IL; Frankfurt, DE; London, GB; San Jose, US-CA ||<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vr.org/ Host Virtual] || [http://www.vr.org/os/linux-vps/archlinux-vps 2011.08.19] || KVM || [http://www.vr.org/cloud-locations/ Multiple International Locations] || Appears to use KVM virtualization. Site lists "Xen based virtualization" and [http://www.vr.org/features/ features] lists ability to install from ISO.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://hostigation.com/ Hostigation] || [https://hostigation.com/wiki/index.php?title=KVM:Install 2010.05 i686] || OpenVZ, KVM || Charlotte, US-NC; Los Angeles, US-CA || You can [[Migrating Between Architectures Without Reinstalling|migrate to x86_64]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.intovps.com IntoVPS] || 2012.09.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Bucharest, RO; Dallas, US-TX; Fremont, US-CA; London, GB || Blog has not been updated since September, 2012 which included the Arch Linux update.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://leapswitch.com Leapswitch Networks] || [2013.10.xx] || OpenVZ/KVM || USA, India, Portugal, Spain, Ukraine, Germany || ArchLinux currently available in Control Panel for reinstall, not on order form. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.linode.com Linode.com] || [https://www.linode.com/faq.cfm 2013.06.xx] || Xen|| [https://www.linode.com/speedtest/ Tokyo, JP; Multiple US; London, GB] || To run a custom kernel, install {{AUR|linux-linode}}. ({{pkg|linux}} will break on a 32-bit Linode.)<br />
|-<br />
| [http://lylix.net/ LYLIX] || [http://lylix.net/archlinux 2014.01.xx] || OpenVZ || Multiple US; Europe || 32-bit and 64-bit available <br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.nodedeploy.com Node Deploy] || 2014.10.01 || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE); Los Angeles, US-CA; Atlanta, US-GA; Phoenix, US-AZ || "At NodeDeploy we support virtually every linux distribution." Arch Linux is listed under their Operating Systems. No version information.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://netcup.de Netcup] || 2012.11.xx || KVM || Germany (DE)|| German language site. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://onepoundwebhosting.co.uk OnePoundWebHosting] || 2013.05.xx || Xen PV, Xen HVM || United Kingdom (UK) || They are a registrar too. Unable to verify server locations.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.proplay.biz/ proPlay.de] || 2012.12.xx || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE) || German language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.quickvz.com QuickVZ] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ, Xen || Amsterdam, Netherlands (NL); Stockholm, Sweden (SE) || Provide hardened Arch Linux images along with Enterprise services (e,g. VPN, Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) and Virtual Routers.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/cloud_hosting_products/servers/ Rackspace Cloud] || 2013.6 || Xen || [https://www.rackspace.com/whyrackspace/network/datacenters/ Multiple international locations] || Billed per hour. Use their "next gen" VPSes (using the mycloud.rackspace.com panel); the Arch image on the first gen Rackspace VPSes is out of date.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramhost.us RamHost.us] || [http://www.ramhost.us/?page=news 2013.05.01] || OpenVZ, KVM || Los Angeles, US-CA; Great Britain (GB); Atlanta, US-GA; Germany (DE) || You can request a newer ISO on RamHost's IRC network.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramnode.com RamNode] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=48 2013.07.01] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=39 SSD and SSD Cached:] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=52 OpenVZ, KVM] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=18 Seattle, WA USA, Atlanta, GA USA] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=66 You can request Host/CPU passthrough with KVM service.] [http://www.ramnode.com/about.php Customer service has been prompt and professional.] [https://twitter.com/search?q=ramnode%20code&src=typd Regular discount codes can be found (15-35% off).] [http://www.ramnode.com/index.php Modern hardware.] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/cart.php?carttpl=svz Competitive pricing (before discounts).]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.tilaa.nl/ Tilaa] || 2014.10.01 || [https://www.tilaa.com/pages/vps/technology KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English or Dutch language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.transip.eu/ TransIP] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-os/ 2013.05.01] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-technology/ KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English language site. Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/ XenVZ] || 2009.12.07 || OpenVZ, Xen || United Kingdom (UK), United States (US) || [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/faq.php#use2 Hardware]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.virpus.com/ Virpus] || [http://virpus.com/linux-vps.php 2014.11.07] || Xen || Kansas City, US-KS; Los Angeles, US-CA || A subcompany of Wow Technologies, Inc. 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email, Phone, and Ticket System. Service starts at $5/month.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vmline.pl/ Vmline] || 2013.09.01 || KVM, OpenVZ || Kraków, PL || [http://www.s-net.pl/en/ S-Net] reseller. Full virtualization. Polish language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vpsbg.eu/ VPSBG.eu] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ || [https://vpsbg.eu/en/index.php?page=vps-datacenter Sofia, Bulgaria] || Offshore VPS in Bulgaria - anonymous registrations and Bitcoin are accepted.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vps6.net/ VPS6.NET] || 2013.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps6.net/network/ Multiple US]; Frankfurt, DE; Bucharest, RO; Istanbul, TR || Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vps.net/ VPS.NET] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps.net/cloud-datacenter-locations US, Canada, UK, Brazil, Netherlands, France, Germany, Japan, Singapore, India, Austrlia]; Multiple || Managed & Un managed VPS service provider, multiple OS and configurations..<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Installation==<br />
<br />
===KVM===<br />
{{Expansion|我们需要专门针对VPS的指南.}}<br />
参阅 [[QEMU#Preparing an (Arch) Linux guest]].<br />
<br />
===OpenVZ===<br />
<br />
====在任意OpenVZ提供商上安装Arch Linux ====<br />
<br />
{{警告|阅读 [[#top|最上的警告]] 来了解关于较老版本内核和systemd的相关信息.}}<br />
<br />
It's possible to directly copy an installation of Arch Linux over the top of a working OpenVZ VPS. This tutorial explains how to create a basic installation of Arch Linux with {{ic|pacstrap}} (as used in a standard install) and then replace the contents of a target VPS with it using [[rsync]].<br />
<br />
This process (with minor modification) also works to migrate existing Arch installations between various environments and has been confirmed to work in migrating from OpenVZ to Xen and from Xen to OpenVZ. For an install to Xen, other hardware-virtualized platforms, or probably even to physical hardware (unconfirmed), extra steps (basically running {{ic|mkinitcpio}} and [[Boot loaders|installing a bootloader]]) are needed.<br />
<br />
=====前置知识=====<br />
<br />
* A working Arch Linux installation<br />
** To keep things simple, it should match the architecture you want to install on your VPS (x86_64 or i686).<br />
** To build from other distributions, [[Archbootstrap|arch-bootstrap.sh]] can be used in place of {{ic|pacstrap}}.<br />
* The {{Pkg|arch-install-scripts}}, {{Pkg|rsync}}, and {{Pkg|openssh}} packages from the [[official repositories]]<br />
** SSH isn't strictly required, but rsync over SSH is the method used here.<br />
* A VPS running any distribution, with {{ic|rsync}} and a working SSH server<br />
** Its architecture (x86_64 or i686) doesn't matter as long as the OpenVZ installation can support your target architecture.<br />
* OpenVZ's serial console feature (usually accessible via your provider's control panel)<br />
** Without this, any network configuration for the target VPS will have to be done immediately after the "Build" step below.<br />
<br />
=====Building a clean Arch Linux installation=====<br />
<br />
As root, build the installation (optionally replacing {{ic|build}} with your preferred target directory):<br />
<br />
# mkdir build<br />
# pacstrap -cd build<br />
<br />
Other tweaks for the {{ic|pacstrap}} command:<br />
<br />
*{{ic|-C custom-pacman-config.conf}} - Use a custom pacman configuration file. By default, pacstrap builds according to your local pacman.conf. This determines the architecture (i686 or x86_64) of the build, the mirror list, etc.<br />
*{{ic|-B}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman keyring to the new build. If you use this option, you'll need to run {{ic|pacman-key --init}} and {{ic|pacman-key --populate archlinux}} in the [[Virtual Private Server#Configuration|Configuration]] step to set up the keyring.<br />
*{{ic|-M}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman mirror list to the new build.<br />
<br />
=====Replacing everything on the VPS with the Arch build=====<br />
<br />
Replace all files, directories, etc. on your target VPS with the contents of your {{ic|build}} directory (replacing "YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS" below):<br />
<br />
{{警告|处理下面的命令的时候当心点. {{ic|rsync}}这个命令根据设计就是极具毁灭性的, 特别是带上 {{ic|--delete}} 选项的时候.}}<br />
<br />
# rsync -ax --delete-delay -e ssh --stats -P build/ YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS:/<br />
<br />
Explanation of options:<br />
<br />
At minimum, only the {{ic|-a}} (preserve timestamps, permissions, etc.), {{ic|-x}} (don't cross filesystem boundaries), and {{ic|--delete}} (delete anything in the target that doesn't exist in the source) options are required. The {{ic|--delete-delay}} option is an alternate deletion mode which waits to delete anything until the synchronization is otherwise complete; this isn't necessary but may reduce the risk of a slow transfer causing the target VPS to lock-up. The {{ic|-e ssh}} (use rsync over SSH) option is recommended and makes things simple. The {{ic|--stats}} and {{ic|-P}} options are just to show more information.<br />
<br />
=====Configuration=====<br />
<br />
# Reboot the VPS externally (using your provider's control panel, for example).<br />
# Using OpenVZ's serial console feature, configure the [[Network configuration|network]] and [[Installation_guide#Configure_the_system|basic system settings]] (ignoring fstab generation and arch-chroot steps).<br />
#* If you don't have access to the serial console feature, you'll need to preconfigure your network settings before synchronizing Arch to the VPS.<br />
<br />
===Xen===<br />
{{Expansion|我们需要专门针对VPS的指南.}}<br />
参阅 [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PVHVM mode)]] 及/或 [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PV mode)]].</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux_on_a_VPS_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=356792Arch Linux on a VPS (简体中文)2015-01-17T08:12:18Z<p>Spaike97: /* 提供Arch Linux的提供商 */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Getting and installing Arch]]<br />
[[Category:Virtualization]]<br />
{{Related articles start}}<br />
{{Related|Comprehensive Server Guide}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
[[ja:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
[[zh-CN:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
From [[Wikipedia:Virtual private server]]:<br />
<br />
:''Virtual private server (VPS) is a term used by Internet hosting services to refer to a virtual machine. The term is used for emphasizing that the virtual machine, although running in software on the same physical computer as other customers' virtual machines, is in many respects functionally equivalent to a separate physical computer, is dedicated to the individual customer's needs, has the privacy of a separate physical computer, and can be configured to run server software.''<br />
<br />
本文主要讨论Arch Linux在VPS方面的应用, 并且包括了一些VPS的详细的安装于维护的指南.<br />
<br />
{{警告|systemd从版本205开始就不再支持Linux 2.6.32了(system-212或更高的版本也不行). 因为很多基于容器的虚拟环境依赖较老版本的内核, 在这样的环境下想要保证Arch Linux 随时都是最新版本是不现实的. 然而OpenVZ, 截止[http://openvz.org/Download/kernel/rhel6/042stab094.7 kernel build 042stab094.7], 已经对CLOCK_BOOTTIME 特性进行了backport, 并且现在他可以和最新的systemd一起正常运行.}}<br />
<br />
==支持Arch Linux的提供商==<br />
<br />
{{警告|我们无法为提供商的质量与诚信做担保. 请在下订单前自行进行调查.}}<br />
{{注意|这个列表只列出了那些提供便捷的Arch Linux模板的提供商. 在其他提供商的环境中试用Arch Linux仍然是可行的, 只是相比之下需要更多的工作. 比如我们可以加载自定义的光盘映像 (这需要硬件层面的虚拟化, 比如Xen or KVM), [[Installation guide|installing under chroot]], 或者 [[Virtual Private Server#Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider|using rsync to synchronize Arch over the top of another distribution]].}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! 提供商名 !! Arch 版本 !! 虚拟化环境 !! 地理地点 !! 注意事项<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.milesweb.com/vps-hosting.php A MilesWeb VPS] || 2013.10.14 || OpenVZ || Europe, India, US || Latest Arch Linux available on OpenVZ platform. Quick setup, 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email and Phone. VPS starts from $20 / mo<br />
|-<br />
| [http://123systems.net 123 Systems] || 2010.05.xx || OpenVZ || Dallas, US-TX || Arch available as a selection upon reinstall. Very old (2.6.18-308) kernel - See [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|OpenVZ troubleshooting]]. Limited information available before purchase. Cannot verify Arch Linux version without purchase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://ausweb.com.au AUSWEB] || Latest Only (clarify?) || VMware ESXi || Sydney, AU || Latest ISO (clarify?) of Arch Available. Enterprise Service. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.affinity.net.nz affinity.net.nz] || 2013.08.01 || KVM || Auckland, New Zealand (NZ) || IRC channel is #affinity on ircs.kiwicon.org<br />
|-<br />
| [http://afterburst.com/ Afterburst] || 2012.12.01 || OpenVZ || Miami, US-FL; Nuremberg, DE || Formerly FanaticalVPS, kernel version depends on what node your VPS is on, the ones in Miami are fine (2.6.32-042stab072.10) but some of the ones in Germany require a [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|custom glibc]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.buyvm.net/ BuyVM] || 2013.07.01 || KVM || LA, Buffalo NY || Must chose a different OS at sign up. Once accessible, choose to mount the latest Arch ISO and reboot to install manually. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://en.edis.at/ Edis] || [http://www.edis.at/en/support-and-service/faq/server-faq/which-distributions-are-available-with-edis-kvm-vps-plans/ 2013.03.01] || vServer, KVM, OpenVZ || [http://www.edis.at/en/server/kvm-vps/austria/ Multiple international locations]. || Also offer dedicated server options as well as an "off-shore" location at the Isle of Man (IM).<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.directvps.nl/ DirectVPS] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Rotterdam, NL || Dutch language site. Version verifyable by clicking through https://www.directvps.nl/try-1.plp?p=31<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gandi.net/hosting/ Gandi] || 2013.10.27 || Xen || Paris, FR; Baltimore, MD, US; Bissen, LU || Very granular scaling of system resources (e.g. RAM, disk space); IPv6-only option available; you can supply your own install image, version based on keyring package version ||<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gigatux.com/virtual.php GigaTux] || [https://www.gigatux.com/distro/ 2013.06.01] || Xen || Chicago, US-IL; Frankfurt, DE; London, GB; San Jose, US-CA ||<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vr.org/ Host Virtual] || [http://www.vr.org/os/linux-vps/archlinux-vps 2011.08.19] || KVM || [http://www.vr.org/cloud-locations/ Multiple International Locations] || Appears to use KVM virtualization. Site lists "Xen based virtualization" and [http://www.vr.org/features/ features] lists ability to install from ISO.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://hostigation.com/ Hostigation] || [https://hostigation.com/wiki/index.php?title=KVM:Install 2010.05 i686] || OpenVZ, KVM || Charlotte, US-NC; Los Angeles, US-CA || You can [[Migrating Between Architectures Without Reinstalling|migrate to x86_64]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.intovps.com IntoVPS] || 2012.09.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Bucharest, RO; Dallas, US-TX; Fremont, US-CA; London, GB || Blog has not been updated since September, 2012 which included the Arch Linux update.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://leapswitch.com Leapswitch Networks] || [2013.10.xx] || OpenVZ/KVM || USA, India, Portugal, Spain, Ukraine, Germany || ArchLinux currently available in Control Panel for reinstall, not on order form. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.linode.com Linode.com] || [https://www.linode.com/faq.cfm 2013.06.xx] || Xen|| [https://www.linode.com/speedtest/ Tokyo, JP; Multiple US; London, GB] || To run a custom kernel, install {{AUR|linux-linode}}. ({{pkg|linux}} will break on a 32-bit Linode.)<br />
|-<br />
| [http://lylix.net/ LYLIX] || [http://lylix.net/archlinux 2014.01.xx] || OpenVZ || Multiple US; Europe || 32-bit and 64-bit available <br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.nodedeploy.com Node Deploy] || 2014.10.01 || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE); Los Angeles, US-CA; Atlanta, US-GA; Phoenix, US-AZ || "At NodeDeploy we support virtually every linux distribution." Arch Linux is listed under their Operating Systems. No version information.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://netcup.de Netcup] || 2012.11.xx || KVM || Germany (DE)|| German language site. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://onepoundwebhosting.co.uk OnePoundWebHosting] || 2013.05.xx || Xen PV, Xen HVM || United Kingdom (UK) || They are a registrar too. Unable to verify server locations.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.proplay.biz/ proPlay.de] || 2012.12.xx || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE) || German language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.quickvz.com QuickVZ] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ, Xen || Amsterdam, Netherlands (NL); Stockholm, Sweden (SE) || Provide hardened Arch Linux images along with Enterprise services (e,g. VPN, Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) and Virtual Routers.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/cloud_hosting_products/servers/ Rackspace Cloud] || 2013.6 || Xen || [https://www.rackspace.com/whyrackspace/network/datacenters/ Multiple international locations] || Billed per hour. Use their "next gen" VPSes (using the mycloud.rackspace.com panel); the Arch image on the first gen Rackspace VPSes is out of date.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramhost.us RamHost.us] || [http://www.ramhost.us/?page=news 2013.05.01] || OpenVZ, KVM || Los Angeles, US-CA; Great Britain (GB); Atlanta, US-GA; Germany (DE) || You can request a newer ISO on RamHost's IRC network.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramnode.com RamNode] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=48 2013.07.01] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=39 SSD and SSD Cached:] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=52 OpenVZ, KVM] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=18 Seattle, WA USA, Atlanta, GA USA] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=66 You can request Host/CPU passthrough with KVM service.] [http://www.ramnode.com/about.php Customer service has been prompt and professional.] [https://twitter.com/search?q=ramnode%20code&src=typd Regular discount codes can be found (15-35% off).] [http://www.ramnode.com/index.php Modern hardware.] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/cart.php?carttpl=svz Competitive pricing (before discounts).]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.tilaa.nl/ Tilaa] || 2014.10.01 || [https://www.tilaa.com/pages/vps/technology KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English or Dutch language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.transip.eu/ TransIP] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-os/ 2013.05.01] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-technology/ KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English language site. Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/ XenVZ] || 2009.12.07 || OpenVZ, Xen || United Kingdom (UK), United States (US) || [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/faq.php#use2 Hardware]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.virpus.com/ Virpus] || [http://virpus.com/linux-vps.php 2014.11.07] || Xen || Kansas City, US-KS; Los Angeles, US-CA || A subcompany of Wow Technologies, Inc. 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email, Phone, and Ticket System. Service starts at $5/month.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vmline.pl/ Vmline] || 2013.09.01 || KVM, OpenVZ || Kraków, PL || [http://www.s-net.pl/en/ S-Net] reseller. Full virtualization. Polish language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vpsbg.eu/ VPSBG.eu] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ || [https://vpsbg.eu/en/index.php?page=vps-datacenter Sofia, Bulgaria] || Offshore VPS in Bulgaria - anonymous registrations and Bitcoin are accepted.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vps6.net/ VPS6.NET] || 2013.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps6.net/network/ Multiple US]; Frankfurt, DE; Bucharest, RO; Istanbul, TR || Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vps.net/ VPS.NET] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps.net/cloud-datacenter-locations US, Canada, UK, Brazil, Netherlands, France, Germany, Japan, Singapore, India, Austrlia]; Multiple || Managed & Un managed VPS service provider, multiple OS and configurations..<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Installation==<br />
<br />
===KVM===<br />
{{Expansion|我们需要专门针对VPS的指南.}}<br />
参阅 [[QEMU#Preparing an (Arch) Linux guest]].<br />
<br />
===OpenVZ===<br />
<br />
====在任意OpenVZ提供商上安装Arch Linux ====<br />
<br />
{{警告|阅读 [[#top|最上的警告]] 来了解关于较老版本内核和systemd的相关信息.}}<br />
<br />
It's possible to directly copy an installation of Arch Linux over the top of a working OpenVZ VPS. This tutorial explains how to create a basic installation of Arch Linux with {{ic|pacstrap}} (as used in a standard install) and then replace the contents of a target VPS with it using [[rsync]].<br />
<br />
This process (with minor modification) also works to migrate existing Arch installations between various environments and has been confirmed to work in migrating from OpenVZ to Xen and from Xen to OpenVZ. For an install to Xen, other hardware-virtualized platforms, or probably even to physical hardware (unconfirmed), extra steps (basically running {{ic|mkinitcpio}} and [[Boot loaders|installing a bootloader]]) are needed.<br />
<br />
=====前置知识=====<br />
<br />
* A working Arch Linux installation<br />
** To keep things simple, it should match the architecture you want to install on your VPS (x86_64 or i686).<br />
** To build from other distributions, [[Archbootstrap|arch-bootstrap.sh]] can be used in place of {{ic|pacstrap}}.<br />
* The {{Pkg|arch-install-scripts}}, {{Pkg|rsync}}, and {{Pkg|openssh}} packages from the [[official repositories]]<br />
** SSH isn't strictly required, but rsync over SSH is the method used here.<br />
* A VPS running any distribution, with {{ic|rsync}} and a working SSH server<br />
** Its architecture (x86_64 or i686) doesn't matter as long as the OpenVZ installation can support your target architecture.<br />
* OpenVZ's serial console feature (usually accessible via your provider's control panel)<br />
** Without this, any network configuration for the target VPS will have to be done immediately after the "Build" step below.<br />
<br />
=====Building a clean Arch Linux installation=====<br />
<br />
As root, build the installation (optionally replacing {{ic|build}} with your preferred target directory):<br />
<br />
# mkdir build<br />
# pacstrap -cd build<br />
<br />
Other tweaks for the {{ic|pacstrap}} command:<br />
<br />
*{{ic|-C custom-pacman-config.conf}} - Use a custom pacman configuration file. By default, pacstrap builds according to your local pacman.conf. This determines the architecture (i686 or x86_64) of the build, the mirror list, etc.<br />
*{{ic|-B}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman keyring to the new build. If you use this option, you'll need to run {{ic|pacman-key --init}} and {{ic|pacman-key --populate archlinux}} in the [[Virtual Private Server#Configuration|Configuration]] step to set up the keyring.<br />
*{{ic|-M}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman mirror list to the new build.<br />
<br />
=====Replacing everything on the VPS with the Arch build=====<br />
<br />
Replace all files, directories, etc. on your target VPS with the contents of your {{ic|build}} directory (replacing "YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS" below):<br />
<br />
{{警告|Be careful with the following command. By design, {{ic|rsync}} is very destructive, especially with any of the {{ic|--delete}} options.}}<br />
<br />
# rsync -ax --delete-delay -e ssh --stats -P build/ YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS:/<br />
<br />
Explanation of options:<br />
<br />
At minimum, only the {{ic|-a}} (preserve timestamps, permissions, etc.), {{ic|-x}} (don't cross filesystem boundaries), and {{ic|--delete}} (delete anything in the target that doesn't exist in the source) options are required. The {{ic|--delete-delay}} option is an alternate deletion mode which waits to delete anything until the synchronization is otherwise complete; this isn't necessary but may reduce the risk of a slow transfer causing the target VPS to lock-up. The {{ic|-e ssh}} (use rsync over SSH) option is recommended and makes things simple. The {{ic|--stats}} and {{ic|-P}} options are just to show more information.<br />
<br />
=====Configuration=====<br />
<br />
# Reboot the VPS externally (using your provider's control panel, for example).<br />
# Using OpenVZ's serial console feature, configure the [[Network configuration|network]] and [[Installation_guide#Configure_the_system|basic system settings]] (ignoring fstab generation and arch-chroot steps).<br />
#* If you don't have access to the serial console feature, you'll need to preconfigure your network settings before synchronizing Arch to the VPS.<br />
<br />
===Xen===<br />
{{Expansion|我们需要专门针对VPS的指南.}}<br />
参阅 [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PVHVM mode)]] 及/或 [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PV mode)]].</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux_on_a_VPS_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=356791Arch Linux on a VPS (简体中文)2015-01-17T08:08:47Z<p>Spaike97: localizing</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Getting and installing Arch]]<br />
[[Category:Virtualization]]<br />
{{Related articles start}}<br />
{{Related|Comprehensive Server Guide}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
[[ja:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
[[zh-CN:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
From [[Wikipedia:Virtual private server]]:<br />
<br />
:''Virtual private server (VPS) is a term used by Internet hosting services to refer to a virtual machine. The term is used for emphasizing that the virtual machine, although running in software on the same physical computer as other customers' virtual machines, is in many respects functionally equivalent to a separate physical computer, is dedicated to the individual customer's needs, has the privacy of a separate physical computer, and can be configured to run server software.''<br />
<br />
本文主要讨论Arch Linux在VPS方面的应用, 并且包括了一些VPS的详细的安装于维护的指南.<br />
<br />
{{警告|systemd从版本205开始就不再支持Linux 2.6.32了(system-212或更高的版本也不行). 因为很多基于容器的虚拟环境依赖较老版本的内核, 在这样的环境下想要保证Arch Linux 随时都是最新版本是不现实的. 然而OpenVZ, 截止[http://openvz.org/Download/kernel/rhel6/042stab094.7 kernel build 042stab094.7], 已经对CLOCK_BOOTTIME 特性进行了backport, 并且现在他可以和最新的systemd一起正常运行.}}<br />
<br />
==提供Arch Linux的提供商==<br />
<br />
{{警告|We cannot vouch for the honesty or quality of any provider. Please conduct due diligence before ordering.}}<br />
{{注意|这个列表只列出了那些提供便捷的Arch Linux模板的提供商. 在其他提供商的环境中试用Arch Linux仍然是可行的, 只是相比之下需要更多的工作. 比如我们可以加载自定义的光盘映像 (这需要硬件层面的虚拟化, 比如Xen or KVM), [[Installation guide|installing under chroot]], 或者 [[Virtual Private Server#Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider|using rsync to synchronize Arch over the top of another distribution]].}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Provider !! Arch Release !! Virtualization !! Locations !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.milesweb.com/vps-hosting.php A MilesWeb VPS] || 2013.10.14 || OpenVZ || Europe, India, US || Latest Arch Linux available on OpenVZ platform. Quick setup, 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email and Phone. VPS starts from $20 / mo<br />
|-<br />
| [http://123systems.net 123 Systems] || 2010.05.xx || OpenVZ || Dallas, US-TX || Arch available as a selection upon reinstall. Very old (2.6.18-308) kernel - See [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|OpenVZ troubleshooting]]. Limited information available before purchase. Cannot verify Arch Linux version without purchase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://ausweb.com.au AUSWEB] || Latest Only (clarify?) || VMware ESXi || Sydney, AU || Latest ISO (clarify?) of Arch Available. Enterprise Service. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.affinity.net.nz affinity.net.nz] || 2013.08.01 || KVM || Auckland, New Zealand (NZ) || IRC channel is #affinity on ircs.kiwicon.org<br />
|-<br />
| [http://afterburst.com/ Afterburst] || 2012.12.01 || OpenVZ || Miami, US-FL; Nuremberg, DE || Formerly FanaticalVPS, kernel version depends on what node your VPS is on, the ones in Miami are fine (2.6.32-042stab072.10) but some of the ones in Germany require a [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|custom glibc]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.buyvm.net/ BuyVM] || 2013.07.01 || KVM || LA, Buffalo NY || Must chose a different OS at sign up. Once accessible, choose to mount the latest Arch ISO and reboot to install manually. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://en.edis.at/ Edis] || [http://www.edis.at/en/support-and-service/faq/server-faq/which-distributions-are-available-with-edis-kvm-vps-plans/ 2013.03.01] || vServer, KVM, OpenVZ || [http://www.edis.at/en/server/kvm-vps/austria/ Multiple international locations]. || Also offer dedicated server options as well as an "off-shore" location at the Isle of Man (IM).<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.directvps.nl/ DirectVPS] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Rotterdam, NL || Dutch language site. Version verifyable by clicking through https://www.directvps.nl/try-1.plp?p=31<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gandi.net/hosting/ Gandi] || 2013.10.27 || Xen || Paris, FR; Baltimore, MD, US; Bissen, LU || Very granular scaling of system resources (e.g. RAM, disk space); IPv6-only option available; you can supply your own install image, version based on keyring package version ||<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gigatux.com/virtual.php GigaTux] || [https://www.gigatux.com/distro/ 2013.06.01] || Xen || Chicago, US-IL; Frankfurt, DE; London, GB; San Jose, US-CA ||<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vr.org/ Host Virtual] || [http://www.vr.org/os/linux-vps/archlinux-vps 2011.08.19] || KVM || [http://www.vr.org/cloud-locations/ Multiple International Locations] || Appears to use KVM virtualization. Site lists "Xen based virtualization" and [http://www.vr.org/features/ features] lists ability to install from ISO.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://hostigation.com/ Hostigation] || [https://hostigation.com/wiki/index.php?title=KVM:Install 2010.05 i686] || OpenVZ, KVM || Charlotte, US-NC; Los Angeles, US-CA || You can [[Migrating Between Architectures Without Reinstalling|migrate to x86_64]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.intovps.com IntoVPS] || 2012.09.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Bucharest, RO; Dallas, US-TX; Fremont, US-CA; London, GB || Blog has not been updated since September, 2012 which included the Arch Linux update.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://leapswitch.com Leapswitch Networks] || [2013.10.xx] || OpenVZ/KVM || USA, India, Portugal, Spain, Ukraine, Germany || ArchLinux currently available in Control Panel for reinstall, not on order form. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.linode.com Linode.com] || [https://www.linode.com/faq.cfm 2013.06.xx] || Xen|| [https://www.linode.com/speedtest/ Tokyo, JP; Multiple US; London, GB] || To run a custom kernel, install {{AUR|linux-linode}}. ({{pkg|linux}} will break on a 32-bit Linode.)<br />
|-<br />
| [http://lylix.net/ LYLIX] || [http://lylix.net/archlinux 2014.01.xx] || OpenVZ || Multiple US; Europe || 32-bit and 64-bit available <br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.nodedeploy.com Node Deploy] || 2014.10.01 || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE); Los Angeles, US-CA; Atlanta, US-GA; Phoenix, US-AZ || "At NodeDeploy we support virtually every linux distribution." Arch Linux is listed under their Operating Systems. No version information.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://netcup.de Netcup] || 2012.11.xx || KVM || Germany (DE)|| German language site. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://onepoundwebhosting.co.uk OnePoundWebHosting] || 2013.05.xx || Xen PV, Xen HVM || United Kingdom (UK) || They are a registrar too. Unable to verify server locations.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.proplay.biz/ proPlay.de] || 2012.12.xx || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE) || German language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.quickvz.com QuickVZ] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ, Xen || Amsterdam, Netherlands (NL); Stockholm, Sweden (SE) || Provide hardened Arch Linux images along with Enterprise services (e,g. VPN, Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) and Virtual Routers.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/cloud_hosting_products/servers/ Rackspace Cloud] || 2013.6 || Xen || [https://www.rackspace.com/whyrackspace/network/datacenters/ Multiple international locations] || Billed per hour. Use their "next gen" VPSes (using the mycloud.rackspace.com panel); the Arch image on the first gen Rackspace VPSes is out of date.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramhost.us RamHost.us] || [http://www.ramhost.us/?page=news 2013.05.01] || OpenVZ, KVM || Los Angeles, US-CA; Great Britain (GB); Atlanta, US-GA; Germany (DE) || You can request a newer ISO on RamHost's IRC network.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramnode.com RamNode] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=48 2013.07.01] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=39 SSD and SSD Cached:] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=52 OpenVZ, KVM] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=18 Seattle, WA USA, Atlanta, GA USA] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=66 You can request Host/CPU passthrough with KVM service.] [http://www.ramnode.com/about.php Customer service has been prompt and professional.] [https://twitter.com/search?q=ramnode%20code&src=typd Regular discount codes can be found (15-35% off).] [http://www.ramnode.com/index.php Modern hardware.] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/cart.php?carttpl=svz Competitive pricing (before discounts).]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.tilaa.nl/ Tilaa] || 2014.10.01 || [https://www.tilaa.com/pages/vps/technology KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English or Dutch language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.transip.eu/ TransIP] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-os/ 2013.05.01] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-technology/ KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English language site. Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/ XenVZ] || 2009.12.07 || OpenVZ, Xen || United Kingdom (UK), United States (US) || [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/faq.php#use2 Hardware]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.virpus.com/ Virpus] || [http://virpus.com/linux-vps.php 2014.11.07] || Xen || Kansas City, US-KS; Los Angeles, US-CA || A subcompany of Wow Technologies, Inc. 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email, Phone, and Ticket System. Service starts at $5/month.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vmline.pl/ Vmline] || 2013.09.01 || KVM, OpenVZ || Kraków, PL || [http://www.s-net.pl/en/ S-Net] reseller. Full virtualization. Polish language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vpsbg.eu/ VPSBG.eu] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ || [https://vpsbg.eu/en/index.php?page=vps-datacenter Sofia, Bulgaria] || Offshore VPS in Bulgaria - anonymous registrations and Bitcoin are accepted.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vps6.net/ VPS6.NET] || 2013.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps6.net/network/ Multiple US]; Frankfurt, DE; Bucharest, RO; Istanbul, TR || Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vps.net/ VPS.NET] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps.net/cloud-datacenter-locations US, Canada, UK, Brazil, Netherlands, France, Germany, Japan, Singapore, India, Austrlia]; Multiple || Managed & Un managed VPS service provider, multiple OS and configurations..<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Installation==<br />
<br />
===KVM===<br />
{{Expansion|我们需要专门针对VPS的指南.}}<br />
参阅 [[QEMU#Preparing an (Arch) Linux guest]].<br />
<br />
===OpenVZ===<br />
<br />
====在任意OpenVZ提供商上安装Arch Linux ====<br />
<br />
{{警告|阅读 [[#top|最上的警告]] 来了解关于较老版本内核和systemd的相关信息.}}<br />
<br />
It's possible to directly copy an installation of Arch Linux over the top of a working OpenVZ VPS. This tutorial explains how to create a basic installation of Arch Linux with {{ic|pacstrap}} (as used in a standard install) and then replace the contents of a target VPS with it using [[rsync]].<br />
<br />
This process (with minor modification) also works to migrate existing Arch installations between various environments and has been confirmed to work in migrating from OpenVZ to Xen and from Xen to OpenVZ. For an install to Xen, other hardware-virtualized platforms, or probably even to physical hardware (unconfirmed), extra steps (basically running {{ic|mkinitcpio}} and [[Boot loaders|installing a bootloader]]) are needed.<br />
<br />
=====前置知识=====<br />
<br />
* A working Arch Linux installation<br />
** To keep things simple, it should match the architecture you want to install on your VPS (x86_64 or i686).<br />
** To build from other distributions, [[Archbootstrap|arch-bootstrap.sh]] can be used in place of {{ic|pacstrap}}.<br />
* The {{Pkg|arch-install-scripts}}, {{Pkg|rsync}}, and {{Pkg|openssh}} packages from the [[official repositories]]<br />
** SSH isn't strictly required, but rsync over SSH is the method used here.<br />
* A VPS running any distribution, with {{ic|rsync}} and a working SSH server<br />
** Its architecture (x86_64 or i686) doesn't matter as long as the OpenVZ installation can support your target architecture.<br />
* OpenVZ's serial console feature (usually accessible via your provider's control panel)<br />
** Without this, any network configuration for the target VPS will have to be done immediately after the "Build" step below.<br />
<br />
=====Building a clean Arch Linux installation=====<br />
<br />
As root, build the installation (optionally replacing {{ic|build}} with your preferred target directory):<br />
<br />
# mkdir build<br />
# pacstrap -cd build<br />
<br />
Other tweaks for the {{ic|pacstrap}} command:<br />
<br />
*{{ic|-C custom-pacman-config.conf}} - Use a custom pacman configuration file. By default, pacstrap builds according to your local pacman.conf. This determines the architecture (i686 or x86_64) of the build, the mirror list, etc.<br />
*{{ic|-B}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman keyring to the new build. If you use this option, you'll need to run {{ic|pacman-key --init}} and {{ic|pacman-key --populate archlinux}} in the [[Virtual Private Server#Configuration|Configuration]] step to set up the keyring.<br />
*{{ic|-M}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman mirror list to the new build.<br />
<br />
=====Replacing everything on the VPS with the Arch build=====<br />
<br />
Replace all files, directories, etc. on your target VPS with the contents of your {{ic|build}} directory (replacing "YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS" below):<br />
<br />
{{警告|Be careful with the following command. By design, {{ic|rsync}} is very destructive, especially with any of the {{ic|--delete}} options.}}<br />
<br />
# rsync -ax --delete-delay -e ssh --stats -P build/ YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS:/<br />
<br />
Explanation of options:<br />
<br />
At minimum, only the {{ic|-a}} (preserve timestamps, permissions, etc.), {{ic|-x}} (don't cross filesystem boundaries), and {{ic|--delete}} (delete anything in the target that doesn't exist in the source) options are required. The {{ic|--delete-delay}} option is an alternate deletion mode which waits to delete anything until the synchronization is otherwise complete; this isn't necessary but may reduce the risk of a slow transfer causing the target VPS to lock-up. The {{ic|-e ssh}} (use rsync over SSH) option is recommended and makes things simple. The {{ic|--stats}} and {{ic|-P}} options are just to show more information.<br />
<br />
=====Configuration=====<br />
<br />
# Reboot the VPS externally (using your provider's control panel, for example).<br />
# Using OpenVZ's serial console feature, configure the [[Network configuration|network]] and [[Installation_guide#Configure_the_system|basic system settings]] (ignoring fstab generation and arch-chroot steps).<br />
#* If you don't have access to the serial console feature, you'll need to preconfigure your network settings before synchronizing Arch to the VPS.<br />
<br />
===Xen===<br />
{{Expansion|我们需要专门针对VPS的指南.}}<br />
参阅 [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PVHVM mode)]] 及/或 [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PV mode)]].</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux_on_a_VPS_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=356785Arch Linux on a VPS (简体中文)2015-01-17T07:47:45Z<p>Spaike97: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Getting and installing Arch]]<br />
[[Category:Virtualization]]<br />
{{Related articles start}}<br />
{{Related|Comprehensive Server Guide}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
[[ja:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
[[zh-CN:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
From [[Wikipedia:Virtual private server]]:<br />
<br />
:''Virtual private server (VPS) is a term used by Internet hosting services to refer to a virtual machine. The term is used for emphasizing that the virtual machine, although running in software on the same physical computer as other customers' virtual machines, is in many respects functionally equivalent to a separate physical computer, is dedicated to the individual customer's needs, has the privacy of a separate physical computer, and can be configured to run server software.''<br />
<br />
本文主要讨论Arch Linux在VPS方面的应用, 并且包括了一些VPS的详细的安装于维护的指南.<br />
<br />
{{警告|systemd从版本205开始就不再支持Linux 2.6.32了(system-212或更高的版本也不行). Since many container-based virtualization environments rely on older kernels, it may be impossible to keep an Arch Linux install up-to-date in such an environment. However, OpenVZ, as of [http://openvz.org/Download/kernel/rhel6/042stab094.7 kernel build 042stab094.7], has backported the CLOCK_BOOTTIME feature and now works with the latest systemd.}}<br />
<br />
==Providers that offer Arch Linux==<br />
<br />
{{警告|We cannot vouch for the honesty or quality of any provider. Please conduct due diligence before ordering.}}<br />
{{Note|This list is for providers with a convenient Arch Linux template. Using Arch on other providers is possible but requires more work. Example methods include loading custom disc images (requires hardware virtualization such as in Xen or KVM), [[Installation guide|installing under chroot]], or [[Virtual Private Server#Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider|using rsync to synchronize Arch over the top of another distribution]].}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Provider !! Arch Release !! Virtualization !! Locations !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.milesweb.com/vps-hosting.php A MilesWeb VPS] || 2013.10.14 || OpenVZ || Europe, India, US || Latest Arch Linux available on OpenVZ platform. Quick setup, 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email and Phone. VPS starts from $20 / mo<br />
|-<br />
| [http://123systems.net 123 Systems] || 2010.05.xx || OpenVZ || Dallas, US-TX || Arch available as a selection upon reinstall. Very old (2.6.18-308) kernel - See [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|OpenVZ troubleshooting]]. Limited information available before purchase. Cannot verify Arch Linux version without purchase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://ausweb.com.au AUSWEB] || Latest Only (clarify?) || VMware ESXi || Sydney, AU || Latest ISO (clarify?) of Arch Available. Enterprise Service. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.affinity.net.nz affinity.net.nz] || 2013.08.01 || KVM || Auckland, New Zealand (NZ) || IRC channel is #affinity on ircs.kiwicon.org<br />
|-<br />
| [http://afterburst.com/ Afterburst] || 2012.12.01 || OpenVZ || Miami, US-FL; Nuremberg, DE || Formerly FanaticalVPS, kernel version depends on what node your VPS is on, the ones in Miami are fine (2.6.32-042stab072.10) but some of the ones in Germany require a [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|custom glibc]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.buyvm.net/ BuyVM] || 2013.07.01 || KVM || LA, Buffalo NY || Must chose a different OS at sign up. Once accessible, choose to mount the latest Arch ISO and reboot to install manually. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://en.edis.at/ Edis] || [http://www.edis.at/en/support-and-service/faq/server-faq/which-distributions-are-available-with-edis-kvm-vps-plans/ 2013.03.01] || vServer, KVM, OpenVZ || [http://www.edis.at/en/server/kvm-vps/austria/ Multiple international locations]. || Also offer dedicated server options as well as an "off-shore" location at the Isle of Man (IM).<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.directvps.nl/ DirectVPS] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Rotterdam, NL || Dutch language site. Version verifyable by clicking through https://www.directvps.nl/try-1.plp?p=31<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gandi.net/hosting/ Gandi] || 2013.10.27 || Xen || Paris, FR; Baltimore, MD, US; Bissen, LU || Very granular scaling of system resources (e.g. RAM, disk space); IPv6-only option available; you can supply your own install image, version based on keyring package version ||<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gigatux.com/virtual.php GigaTux] || [https://www.gigatux.com/distro/ 2013.06.01] || Xen || Chicago, US-IL; Frankfurt, DE; London, GB; San Jose, US-CA ||<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vr.org/ Host Virtual] || [http://www.vr.org/os/linux-vps/archlinux-vps 2011.08.19] || KVM || [http://www.vr.org/cloud-locations/ Multiple International Locations] || Appears to use KVM virtualization. Site lists "Xen based virtualization" and [http://www.vr.org/features/ features] lists ability to install from ISO.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://hostigation.com/ Hostigation] || [https://hostigation.com/wiki/index.php?title=KVM:Install 2010.05 i686] || OpenVZ, KVM || Charlotte, US-NC; Los Angeles, US-CA || You can [[Migrating Between Architectures Without Reinstalling|migrate to x86_64]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.intovps.com IntoVPS] || 2012.09.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Bucharest, RO; Dallas, US-TX; Fremont, US-CA; London, GB || Blog has not been updated since September, 2012 which included the Arch Linux update.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://leapswitch.com Leapswitch Networks] || [2013.10.xx] || OpenVZ/KVM || USA, India, Portugal, Spain, Ukraine, Germany || ArchLinux currently available in Control Panel for reinstall, not on order form. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.linode.com Linode.com] || [https://www.linode.com/faq.cfm 2013.06.xx] || Xen|| [https://www.linode.com/speedtest/ Tokyo, JP; Multiple US; London, GB] || To run a custom kernel, install {{AUR|linux-linode}}. ({{pkg|linux}} will break on a 32-bit Linode.)<br />
|-<br />
| [http://lylix.net/ LYLIX] || [http://lylix.net/archlinux 2014.01.xx] || OpenVZ || Multiple US; Europe || 32-bit and 64-bit available <br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.nodedeploy.com Node Deploy] || 2014.10.01 || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE); Los Angeles, US-CA; Atlanta, US-GA; Phoenix, US-AZ || "At NodeDeploy we support virtually every linux distribution." Arch Linux is listed under their Operating Systems. No version information.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://netcup.de Netcup] || 2012.11.xx || KVM || Germany (DE)|| German language site. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://onepoundwebhosting.co.uk OnePoundWebHosting] || 2013.05.xx || Xen PV, Xen HVM || United Kingdom (UK) || They are a registrar too. Unable to verify server locations.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.proplay.biz/ proPlay.de] || 2012.12.xx || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE) || German language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.quickvz.com QuickVZ] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ, Xen || Amsterdam, Netherlands (NL); Stockholm, Sweden (SE) || Provide hardened Arch Linux images along with Enterprise services (e,g. VPN, Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) and Virtual Routers.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/cloud_hosting_products/servers/ Rackspace Cloud] || 2013.6 || Xen || [https://www.rackspace.com/whyrackspace/network/datacenters/ Multiple international locations] || Billed per hour. Use their "next gen" VPSes (using the mycloud.rackspace.com panel); the Arch image on the first gen Rackspace VPSes is out of date.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramhost.us RamHost.us] || [http://www.ramhost.us/?page=news 2013.05.01] || OpenVZ, KVM || Los Angeles, US-CA; Great Britain (GB); Atlanta, US-GA; Germany (DE) || You can request a newer ISO on RamHost's IRC network.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramnode.com RamNode] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=48 2013.07.01] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=39 SSD and SSD Cached:] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=52 OpenVZ, KVM] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=18 Seattle, WA USA, Atlanta, GA USA] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=66 You can request Host/CPU passthrough with KVM service.] [http://www.ramnode.com/about.php Customer service has been prompt and professional.] [https://twitter.com/search?q=ramnode%20code&src=typd Regular discount codes can be found (15-35% off).] [http://www.ramnode.com/index.php Modern hardware.] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/cart.php?carttpl=svz Competitive pricing (before discounts).]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.tilaa.nl/ Tilaa] || 2014.10.01 || [https://www.tilaa.com/pages/vps/technology KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English or Dutch language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.transip.eu/ TransIP] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-os/ 2013.05.01] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-technology/ KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English language site. Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/ XenVZ] || 2009.12.07 || OpenVZ, Xen || United Kingdom (UK), United States (US) || [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/faq.php#use2 Hardware]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.virpus.com/ Virpus] || [http://virpus.com/linux-vps.php 2014.11.07] || Xen || Kansas City, US-KS; Los Angeles, US-CA || A subcompany of Wow Technologies, Inc. 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email, Phone, and Ticket System. Service starts at $5/month.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vmline.pl/ Vmline] || 2013.09.01 || KVM, OpenVZ || Kraków, PL || [http://www.s-net.pl/en/ S-Net] reseller. Full virtualization. Polish language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vpsbg.eu/ VPSBG.eu] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ || [https://vpsbg.eu/en/index.php?page=vps-datacenter Sofia, Bulgaria] || Offshore VPS in Bulgaria - anonymous registrations and Bitcoin are accepted.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vps6.net/ VPS6.NET] || 2013.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps6.net/network/ Multiple US]; Frankfurt, DE; Bucharest, RO; Istanbul, TR || Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vps.net/ VPS.NET] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps.net/cloud-datacenter-locations US, Canada, UK, Brazil, Netherlands, France, Germany, Japan, Singapore, India, Austrlia]; Multiple || Managed & Un managed VPS service provider, multiple OS and configurations..<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Installation==<br />
<br />
===KVM===<br />
{{Expansion|Are there instructions specific to VPSes?}}<br />
See [[QEMU#Preparing an (Arch) Linux guest]].<br />
<br />
===OpenVZ===<br />
<br />
====Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider====<br />
<br />
{{警告|See the [[#top|最上的警告]] about older kernel builds and systemd.}}<br />
<br />
It's possible to directly copy an installation of Arch Linux over the top of a working OpenVZ VPS. This tutorial explains how to create a basic installation of Arch Linux with {{ic|pacstrap}} (as used in a standard install) and then replace the contents of a target VPS with it using [[rsync]].<br />
<br />
This process (with minor modification) also works to migrate existing Arch installations between various environments and has been confirmed to work in migrating from OpenVZ to Xen and from Xen to OpenVZ. For an install to Xen, other hardware-virtualized platforms, or probably even to physical hardware (unconfirmed), extra steps (basically running {{ic|mkinitcpio}} and [[Boot loaders|installing a bootloader]]) are needed.<br />
<br />
=====Prerequisites=====<br />
<br />
* A working Arch Linux installation<br />
** To keep things simple, it should match the architecture you want to install on your VPS (x86_64 or i686).<br />
** To build from other distributions, [[Archbootstrap|arch-bootstrap.sh]] can be used in place of {{ic|pacstrap}}.<br />
* The {{Pkg|arch-install-scripts}}, {{Pkg|rsync}}, and {{Pkg|openssh}} packages from the [[official repositories]]<br />
** SSH isn't strictly required, but rsync over SSH is the method used here.<br />
* A VPS running any distribution, with {{ic|rsync}} and a working SSH server<br />
** Its architecture (x86_64 or i686) doesn't matter as long as the OpenVZ installation can support your target architecture.<br />
* OpenVZ's serial console feature (usually accessible via your provider's control panel)<br />
** Without this, any network configuration for the target VPS will have to be done immediately after the "Build" step below.<br />
<br />
=====Building a clean Arch Linux installation=====<br />
<br />
As root, build the installation (optionally replacing {{ic|build}} with your preferred target directory):<br />
<br />
# mkdir build<br />
# pacstrap -cd build<br />
<br />
Other tweaks for the {{ic|pacstrap}} command:<br />
<br />
*{{ic|-C custom-pacman-config.conf}} - Use a custom pacman configuration file. By default, pacstrap builds according to your local pacman.conf. This determines the architecture (i686 or x86_64) of the build, the mirror list, etc.<br />
*{{ic|-B}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman keyring to the new build. If you use this option, you'll need to run {{ic|pacman-key --init}} and {{ic|pacman-key --populate archlinux}} in the [[Virtual Private Server#Configuration|Configuration]] step to set up the keyring.<br />
*{{ic|-M}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman mirror list to the new build.<br />
<br />
=====Replacing everything on the VPS with the Arch build=====<br />
<br />
Replace all files, directories, etc. on your target VPS with the contents of your {{ic|build}} directory (replacing "YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS" below):<br />
<br />
{{警告|Be careful with the following command. By design, {{ic|rsync}} is very destructive, especially with any of the {{ic|--delete}} options.}}<br />
<br />
# rsync -ax --delete-delay -e ssh --stats -P build/ YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS:/<br />
<br />
Explanation of options:<br />
<br />
At minimum, only the {{ic|-a}} (preserve timestamps, permissions, etc.), {{ic|-x}} (don't cross filesystem boundaries), and {{ic|--delete}} (delete anything in the target that doesn't exist in the source) options are required. The {{ic|--delete-delay}} option is an alternate deletion mode which waits to delete anything until the synchronization is otherwise complete; this isn't necessary but may reduce the risk of a slow transfer causing the target VPS to lock-up. The {{ic|-e ssh}} (use rsync over SSH) option is recommended and makes things simple. The {{ic|--stats}} and {{ic|-P}} options are just to show more information.<br />
<br />
=====Configuration=====<br />
<br />
# Reboot the VPS externally (using your provider's control panel, for example).<br />
# Using OpenVZ's serial console feature, configure the [[Network configuration|network]] and [[Installation_guide#Configure_the_system|basic system settings]] (ignoring fstab generation and arch-chroot steps).<br />
#* If you don't have access to the serial console feature, you'll need to preconfigure your network settings before synchronizing Arch to the VPS.<br />
<br />
===Xen===<br />
{{Expansion|Are there instructions specific to VPSes?}}<br />
See [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PVHVM mode)]] and/or [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PV mode)]].</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux_on_a_VPS&diff=356784Arch Linux on a VPS2015-01-17T07:47:17Z<p>Spaike97: Undo revision 356777 by Spaike97 (talk)</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Getting and installing Arch]]<br />
[[Category:Virtualization]]<br />
{{Related articles start}}<br />
{{Related|Comprehensive Server Guide}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
[[ja:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
[[zh-CN:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
From [[Wikipedia:Virtual private server]]:<br />
<br />
:''Virtual private server (VPS) is a term used by Internet hosting services to refer to a virtual machine. The term is used for emphasizing that the virtual machine, although running in software on the same physical computer as other customers' virtual machines, is in many respects functionally equivalent to a separate physical computer, is dedicated to the individual customer's needs, has the privacy of a separate physical computer, and can be configured to run server software.''<br />
<br />
This article discusses the use of Arch Linux on Virtual Private Servers, and includes some fixes and installation instructions specific to VPSes.<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Linux 2.6.32 is not supported by systemd since version 205 (and won't work with systemd-212 or higher). Since many container-based virtualization environments rely on older kernels, it may be impossible to keep an Arch Linux install up-to-date in such an environment. However, OpenVZ, as of [http://openvz.org/Download/kernel/rhel6/042stab094.7 kernel build 042stab094.7], has backported the CLOCK_BOOTTIME feature and now works with the latest systemd.}}<br />
<br />
==Providers that offer Arch Linux==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|We cannot vouch for the honesty or quality of any provider. Please conduct due diligence before ordering.}}<br />
{{Note|This list is for providers with a convenient Arch Linux template. Using Arch on other providers is possible but requires more work. Example methods include loading custom disc images (requires hardware virtualization such as in Xen or KVM), [[Installation guide|installing under chroot]], or [[Virtual Private Server#Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider|using rsync to synchronize Arch over the top of another distribution]].}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Provider !! Arch Release !! Virtualization !! Locations !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.milesweb.com/vps-hosting.php A MilesWeb VPS] || 2013.10.14 || OpenVZ || Europe, India, US || Latest Arch Linux available on OpenVZ platform. Quick setup, 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email and Phone. VPS starts from $20 / mo<br />
|-<br />
| [http://123systems.net 123 Systems] || 2010.05.xx || OpenVZ || Dallas, US-TX || Arch available as a selection upon reinstall. Very old (2.6.18-308) kernel - See [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|OpenVZ troubleshooting]]. Limited information available before purchase. Cannot verify Arch Linux version without purchase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://ausweb.com.au AUSWEB] || Latest Only (clarify?) || VMware ESXi || Sydney, AU || Latest ISO (clarify?) of Arch Available. Enterprise Service. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.affinity.net.nz affinity.net.nz] || 2013.08.01 || KVM || Auckland, New Zealand (NZ) || IRC channel is #affinity on ircs.kiwicon.org<br />
|-<br />
| [http://afterburst.com/ Afterburst] || 2012.12.01 || OpenVZ || Miami, US-FL; Nuremberg, DE || Formerly FanaticalVPS, kernel version depends on what node your VPS is on, the ones in Miami are fine (2.6.32-042stab072.10) but some of the ones in Germany require a [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|custom glibc]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.buyvm.net/ BuyVM] || 2013.07.01 || KVM || LA, Buffalo NY || Must chose a different OS at sign up. Once accessible, choose to mount the latest Arch ISO and reboot to install manually. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://en.edis.at/ Edis] || [http://www.edis.at/en/support-and-service/faq/server-faq/which-distributions-are-available-with-edis-kvm-vps-plans/ 2013.03.01] || vServer, KVM, OpenVZ || [http://www.edis.at/en/server/kvm-vps/austria/ Multiple international locations]. || Also offer dedicated server options as well as an "off-shore" location at the Isle of Man (IM).<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.directvps.nl/ DirectVPS] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Rotterdam, NL || Dutch language site. Version verifyable by clicking through https://www.directvps.nl/try-1.plp?p=31<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gandi.net/hosting/ Gandi] || 2013.10.27 || Xen || Paris, FR; Baltimore, MD, US; Bissen, LU || Very granular scaling of system resources (e.g. RAM, disk space); IPv6-only option available; you can supply your own install image, version based on keyring package version ||<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gigatux.com/virtual.php GigaTux] || [https://www.gigatux.com/distro/ 2013.06.01] || Xen || Chicago, US-IL; Frankfurt, DE; London, GB; San Jose, US-CA ||<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vr.org/ Host Virtual] || [http://www.vr.org/os/linux-vps/archlinux-vps 2011.08.19] || KVM || [http://www.vr.org/cloud-locations/ Multiple International Locations] || Appears to use KVM virtualization. Site lists "Xen based virtualization" and [http://www.vr.org/features/ features] lists ability to install from ISO.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://hostigation.com/ Hostigation] || [https://hostigation.com/wiki/index.php?title=KVM:Install 2010.05 i686] || OpenVZ, KVM || Charlotte, US-NC; Los Angeles, US-CA || You can [[Migrating Between Architectures Without Reinstalling|migrate to x86_64]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.intovps.com IntoVPS] || 2012.09.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Bucharest, RO; Dallas, US-TX; Fremont, US-CA; London, GB || Blog has not been updated since September, 2012 which included the Arch Linux update.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://leapswitch.com Leapswitch Networks] || [2013.10.xx] || OpenVZ/KVM || USA, India, Portugal, Spain, Ukraine, Germany || ArchLinux currently available in Control Panel for reinstall, not on order form. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.linode.com Linode.com] || [https://www.linode.com/faq.cfm 2013.06.xx] || Xen|| [https://www.linode.com/speedtest/ Tokyo, JP; Multiple US; London, GB] || To run a custom kernel, install {{AUR|linux-linode}}. ({{pkg|linux}} will break on a 32-bit Linode.)<br />
|-<br />
| [http://lylix.net/ LYLIX] || [http://lylix.net/archlinux 2014.01.xx] || OpenVZ || Multiple US; Europe || 32-bit and 64-bit available <br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.nodedeploy.com Node Deploy] || 2014.10.01 || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE); Los Angeles, US-CA; Atlanta, US-GA; Phoenix, US-AZ || "At NodeDeploy we support virtually every linux distribution." Arch Linux is listed under their Operating Systems. No version information.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://netcup.de Netcup] || 2012.11.xx || KVM || Germany (DE)|| German language site. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://onepoundwebhosting.co.uk OnePoundWebHosting] || 2013.05.xx || Xen PV, Xen HVM || United Kingdom (UK) || They are a registrar too. Unable to verify server locations.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.proplay.biz/ proPlay.de] || 2012.12.xx || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE) || German language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.quickvz.com QuickVZ] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ, Xen || Amsterdam, Netherlands (NL); Stockholm, Sweden (SE) || Provide hardened Arch Linux images along with Enterprise services (e,g. VPN, Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) and Virtual Routers.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/cloud_hosting_products/servers/ Rackspace Cloud] || 2013.6 || Xen || [https://www.rackspace.com/whyrackspace/network/datacenters/ Multiple international locations] || Billed per hour. Use their "next gen" VPSes (using the mycloud.rackspace.com panel); the Arch image on the first gen Rackspace VPSes is out of date.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramhost.us RamHost.us] || [http://www.ramhost.us/?page=news 2013.05.01] || OpenVZ, KVM || Los Angeles, US-CA; Great Britain (GB); Atlanta, US-GA; Germany (DE) || You can request a newer ISO on RamHost's IRC network.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramnode.com RamNode] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=48 2013.07.01] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=39 SSD and SSD Cached:] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=52 OpenVZ, KVM] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=18 Seattle, WA USA, Atlanta, GA USA] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=66 You can request Host/CPU passthrough with KVM service.] [http://www.ramnode.com/about.php Customer service has been prompt and professional.] [https://twitter.com/search?q=ramnode%20code&src=typd Regular discount codes can be found (15-35% off).] [http://www.ramnode.com/index.php Modern hardware.] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/cart.php?carttpl=svz Competitive pricing (before discounts).]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.tilaa.nl/ Tilaa] || 2014.10.01 || [https://www.tilaa.com/pages/vps/technology KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English or Dutch language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.transip.eu/ TransIP] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-os/ 2013.05.01] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-technology/ KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English language site. Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/ XenVZ] || 2009.12.07 || OpenVZ, Xen || United Kingdom (UK), United States (US) || [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/faq.php#use2 Hardware]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.virpus.com/ Virpus] || [http://virpus.com/linux-vps.php 2014.11.07] || Xen || Kansas City, US-KS; Los Angeles, US-CA || A subcompany of Wow Technologies, Inc. 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email, Phone, and Ticket System. Service starts at $5/month.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vmline.pl/ Vmline] || 2013.09.01 || KVM, OpenVZ || Kraków, PL || [http://www.s-net.pl/en/ S-Net] reseller. Full virtualization. Polish language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vpsbg.eu/ VPSBG.eu] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ || [https://vpsbg.eu/en/index.php?page=vps-datacenter Sofia, Bulgaria] || Offshore VPS in Bulgaria - anonymous registrations and Bitcoin are accepted.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vps6.net/ VPS6.NET] || 2013.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps6.net/network/ Multiple US]; Frankfurt, DE; Bucharest, RO; Istanbul, TR || Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vps.net/ VPS.NET] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps.net/cloud-datacenter-locations US, Canada, UK, Brazil, Netherlands, France, Germany, Japan, Singapore, India, Austrlia]; Multiple || Managed & Un managed VPS service provider, multiple OS and configurations..<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Installation==<br />
<br />
===KVM===<br />
{{Expansion|Are there instructions specific to VPSes?}}<br />
See [[QEMU#Preparing an (Arch) Linux guest]].<br />
<br />
===OpenVZ===<br />
<br />
====Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider====<br />
<br />
{{Warning|See the [[#top|above warning]] about older kernel builds and systemd.}}<br />
<br />
It's possible to directly copy an installation of Arch Linux over the top of a working OpenVZ VPS. This tutorial explains how to create a basic installation of Arch Linux with {{ic|pacstrap}} (as used in a standard install) and then replace the contents of a target VPS with it using [[rsync]].<br />
<br />
This process (with minor modification) also works to migrate existing Arch installations between various environments and has been confirmed to work in migrating from OpenVZ to Xen and from Xen to OpenVZ. For an install to Xen, other hardware-virtualized platforms, or probably even to physical hardware (unconfirmed), extra steps (basically running {{ic|mkinitcpio}} and [[Boot loaders|installing a bootloader]]) are needed.<br />
<br />
=====Prerequisites=====<br />
<br />
* A working Arch Linux installation<br />
** To keep things simple, it should match the architecture you want to install on your VPS (x86_64 or i686).<br />
** To build from other distributions, [[Archbootstrap|arch-bootstrap.sh]] can be used in place of {{ic|pacstrap}}.<br />
* The {{Pkg|arch-install-scripts}}, {{Pkg|rsync}}, and {{Pkg|openssh}} packages from the [[official repositories]]<br />
** SSH isn't strictly required, but rsync over SSH is the method used here.<br />
* A VPS running any distribution, with {{ic|rsync}} and a working SSH server<br />
** Its architecture (x86_64 or i686) doesn't matter as long as the OpenVZ installation can support your target architecture.<br />
* OpenVZ's serial console feature (usually accessible via your provider's control panel)<br />
** Without this, any network configuration for the target VPS will have to be done immediately after the "Build" step below.<br />
<br />
=====Building a clean Arch Linux installation=====<br />
<br />
As root, build the installation (optionally replacing {{ic|build}} with your preferred target directory):<br />
<br />
# mkdir build<br />
# pacstrap -cd build<br />
<br />
Other tweaks for the {{ic|pacstrap}} command:<br />
<br />
*{{ic|-C custom-pacman-config.conf}} - Use a custom pacman configuration file. By default, pacstrap builds according to your local pacman.conf. This determines the architecture (i686 or x86_64) of the build, the mirror list, etc.<br />
*{{ic|-B}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman keyring to the new build. If you use this option, you'll need to run {{ic|pacman-key --init}} and {{ic|pacman-key --populate archlinux}} in the [[Virtual Private Server#Configuration|Configuration]] step to set up the keyring.<br />
*{{ic|-M}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman mirror list to the new build.<br />
<br />
=====Replacing everything on the VPS with the Arch build=====<br />
<br />
Replace all files, directories, etc. on your target VPS with the contents of your {{ic|build}} directory (replacing "YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS" below):<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Be careful with the following command. By design, {{ic|rsync}} is very destructive, especially with any of the {{ic|--delete}} options.}}<br />
<br />
# rsync -ax --delete-delay -e ssh --stats -P build/ YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS:/<br />
<br />
Explanation of options:<br />
<br />
At minimum, only the {{ic|-a}} (preserve timestamps, permissions, etc.), {{ic|-x}} (don't cross filesystem boundaries), and {{ic|--delete}} (delete anything in the target that doesn't exist in the source) options are required. The {{ic|--delete-delay}} option is an alternate deletion mode which waits to delete anything until the synchronization is otherwise complete; this isn't necessary but may reduce the risk of a slow transfer causing the target VPS to lock-up. The {{ic|-e ssh}} (use rsync over SSH) option is recommended and makes things simple. The {{ic|--stats}} and {{ic|-P}} options are just to show more information.<br />
<br />
=====Configuration=====<br />
<br />
# Reboot the VPS externally (using your provider's control panel, for example).<br />
# Using OpenVZ's serial console feature, configure the [[Network configuration|network]] and [[Installation_guide#Configure_the_system|basic system settings]] (ignoring fstab generation and arch-chroot steps).<br />
#* If you don't have access to the serial console feature, you'll need to preconfigure your network settings before synchronizing Arch to the VPS.<br />
<br />
===Xen===<br />
{{Expansion|Are there instructions specific to VPSes?}}<br />
See [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PVHVM mode)]] and/or [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PV mode)]].</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux_on_a_VPS&diff=356777Arch Linux on a VPS2015-01-17T07:14:42Z<p>Spaike97: localizing</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Getting and installing Arch]]<br />
[[Category:Virtualization]]<br />
{{Related articles start}}<br />
{{Related|Comprehensive Server Guide}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
[[ja:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
[[zh-CN:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
From [[Wikipedia:Virtual private server]]:<br />
<br />
:''Virtual private server (VPS) is a term used by Internet hosting services to refer to a virtual machine. The term is used for emphasizing that the virtual machine, although running in software on the same physical computer as other customers' virtual machines, is in many respects functionally equivalent to a separate physical computer, is dedicated to the individual customer's needs, has the privacy of a separate physical computer, and can be configured to run server software.''<br />
<br />
本文主要讨论Arch Linux在VPS方面的应用, 并且包括了一些VPS的详细的安装于维护的指南.<br />
<br />
{{警告|systemd从版本205开始就不再支持Linux 2.6.32了(system-212或更高的版本也不行). Since many container-based virtualization environments rely on older kernels, it may be impossible to keep an Arch Linux install up-to-date in such an environment. However, OpenVZ, as of [http://openvz.org/Download/kernel/rhel6/042stab094.7 kernel build 042stab094.7], has backported the CLOCK_BOOTTIME feature and now works with the latest systemd.}}<br />
<br />
==Providers that offer Arch Linux==<br />
<br />
{{警告|We cannot vouch for the honesty or quality of any provider. Please conduct due diligence before ordering.}}<br />
{{Note|This list is for providers with a convenient Arch Linux template. Using Arch on other providers is possible but requires more work. Example methods include loading custom disc images (requires hardware virtualization such as in Xen or KVM), [[Installation guide|installing under chroot]], or [[Virtual Private Server#Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider|using rsync to synchronize Arch over the top of another distribution]].}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Provider !! Arch Release !! Virtualization !! Locations !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.milesweb.com/vps-hosting.php A MilesWeb VPS] || 2013.10.14 || OpenVZ || Europe, India, US || Latest Arch Linux available on OpenVZ platform. Quick setup, 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email and Phone. VPS starts from $20 / mo<br />
|-<br />
| [http://123systems.net 123 Systems] || 2010.05.xx || OpenVZ || Dallas, US-TX || Arch available as a selection upon reinstall. Very old (2.6.18-308) kernel - See [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|OpenVZ troubleshooting]]. Limited information available before purchase. Cannot verify Arch Linux version without purchase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://ausweb.com.au AUSWEB] || Latest Only (clarify?) || VMware ESXi || Sydney, AU || Latest ISO (clarify?) of Arch Available. Enterprise Service. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.affinity.net.nz affinity.net.nz] || 2013.08.01 || KVM || Auckland, New Zealand (NZ) || IRC channel is #affinity on ircs.kiwicon.org<br />
|-<br />
| [http://afterburst.com/ Afterburst] || 2012.12.01 || OpenVZ || Miami, US-FL; Nuremberg, DE || Formerly FanaticalVPS, kernel version depends on what node your VPS is on, the ones in Miami are fine (2.6.32-042stab072.10) but some of the ones in Germany require a [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|custom glibc]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.buyvm.net/ BuyVM] || 2013.07.01 || KVM || LA, Buffalo NY || Must chose a different OS at sign up. Once accessible, choose to mount the latest Arch ISO and reboot to install manually. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://en.edis.at/ Edis] || [http://www.edis.at/en/support-and-service/faq/server-faq/which-distributions-are-available-with-edis-kvm-vps-plans/ 2013.03.01] || vServer, KVM, OpenVZ || [http://www.edis.at/en/server/kvm-vps/austria/ Multiple international locations]. || Also offer dedicated server options as well as an "off-shore" location at the Isle of Man (IM).<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.directvps.nl/ DirectVPS] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Rotterdam, NL || Dutch language site. Version verifyable by clicking through https://www.directvps.nl/try-1.plp?p=31<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gandi.net/hosting/ Gandi] || 2013.10.27 || Xen || Paris, FR; Baltimore, MD, US; Bissen, LU || Very granular scaling of system resources (e.g. RAM, disk space); IPv6-only option available; you can supply your own install image, version based on keyring package version ||<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gigatux.com/virtual.php GigaTux] || [https://www.gigatux.com/distro/ 2013.06.01] || Xen || Chicago, US-IL; Frankfurt, DE; London, GB; San Jose, US-CA ||<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vr.org/ Host Virtual] || [http://www.vr.org/os/linux-vps/archlinux-vps 2011.08.19] || KVM || [http://www.vr.org/cloud-locations/ Multiple International Locations] || Appears to use KVM virtualization. Site lists "Xen based virtualization" and [http://www.vr.org/features/ features] lists ability to install from ISO.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://hostigation.com/ Hostigation] || [https://hostigation.com/wiki/index.php?title=KVM:Install 2010.05 i686] || OpenVZ, KVM || Charlotte, US-NC; Los Angeles, US-CA || You can [[Migrating Between Architectures Without Reinstalling|migrate to x86_64]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.intovps.com IntoVPS] || 2012.09.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Bucharest, RO; Dallas, US-TX; Fremont, US-CA; London, GB || Blog has not been updated since September, 2012 which included the Arch Linux update.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://leapswitch.com Leapswitch Networks] || [2013.10.xx] || OpenVZ/KVM || USA, India, Portugal, Spain, Ukraine, Germany || ArchLinux currently available in Control Panel for reinstall, not on order form. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.linode.com Linode.com] || [https://www.linode.com/faq.cfm 2013.06.xx] || Xen|| [https://www.linode.com/speedtest/ Tokyo, JP; Multiple US; London, GB] || To run a custom kernel, install {{AUR|linux-linode}}. ({{pkg|linux}} will break on a 32-bit Linode.)<br />
|-<br />
| [http://lylix.net/ LYLIX] || [http://lylix.net/archlinux 2014.01.xx] || OpenVZ || Multiple US; Europe || 32-bit and 64-bit available <br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.nodedeploy.com Node Deploy] || 2014.10.01 || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE); Los Angeles, US-CA; Atlanta, US-GA; Phoenix, US-AZ || "At NodeDeploy we support virtually every linux distribution." Arch Linux is listed under their Operating Systems. No version information.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://netcup.de Netcup] || 2012.11.xx || KVM || Germany (DE)|| German language site. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://onepoundwebhosting.co.uk OnePoundWebHosting] || 2013.05.xx || Xen PV, Xen HVM || United Kingdom (UK) || They are a registrar too. Unable to verify server locations.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.proplay.biz/ proPlay.de] || 2012.12.xx || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE) || German language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.quickvz.com QuickVZ] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ, Xen || Amsterdam, Netherlands (NL); Stockholm, Sweden (SE) || Provide hardened Arch Linux images along with Enterprise services (e,g. VPN, Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) and Virtual Routers.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/cloud_hosting_products/servers/ Rackspace Cloud] || 2013.6 || Xen || [https://www.rackspace.com/whyrackspace/network/datacenters/ Multiple international locations] || Billed per hour. Use their "next gen" VPSes (using the mycloud.rackspace.com panel); the Arch image on the first gen Rackspace VPSes is out of date.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramhost.us RamHost.us] || [http://www.ramhost.us/?page=news 2013.05.01] || OpenVZ, KVM || Los Angeles, US-CA; Great Britain (GB); Atlanta, US-GA; Germany (DE) || You can request a newer ISO on RamHost's IRC network.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramnode.com RamNode] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=48 2013.07.01] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=39 SSD and SSD Cached:] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=52 OpenVZ, KVM] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=18 Seattle, WA USA, Atlanta, GA USA] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=66 You can request Host/CPU passthrough with KVM service.] [http://www.ramnode.com/about.php Customer service has been prompt and professional.] [https://twitter.com/search?q=ramnode%20code&src=typd Regular discount codes can be found (15-35% off).] [http://www.ramnode.com/index.php Modern hardware.] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/cart.php?carttpl=svz Competitive pricing (before discounts).]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.tilaa.nl/ Tilaa] || 2014.10.01 || [https://www.tilaa.com/pages/vps/technology KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English or Dutch language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.transip.eu/ TransIP] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-os/ 2013.05.01] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-technology/ KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English language site. Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/ XenVZ] || 2009.12.07 || OpenVZ, Xen || United Kingdom (UK), United States (US) || [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/faq.php#use2 Hardware]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.virpus.com/ Virpus] || [http://virpus.com/linux-vps.php 2014.11.07] || Xen || Kansas City, US-KS; Los Angeles, US-CA || A subcompany of Wow Technologies, Inc. 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email, Phone, and Ticket System. Service starts at $5/month.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vmline.pl/ Vmline] || 2013.09.01 || KVM, OpenVZ || Kraków, PL || [http://www.s-net.pl/en/ S-Net] reseller. Full virtualization. Polish language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vpsbg.eu/ VPSBG.eu] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ || [https://vpsbg.eu/en/index.php?page=vps-datacenter Sofia, Bulgaria] || Offshore VPS in Bulgaria - anonymous registrations and Bitcoin are accepted.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vps6.net/ VPS6.NET] || 2013.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps6.net/network/ Multiple US]; Frankfurt, DE; Bucharest, RO; Istanbul, TR || Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vps.net/ VPS.NET] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps.net/cloud-datacenter-locations US, Canada, UK, Brazil, Netherlands, France, Germany, Japan, Singapore, India, Austrlia]; Multiple || Managed & Un managed VPS service provider, multiple OS and configurations..<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Installation==<br />
<br />
===KVM===<br />
{{Expansion|Are there instructions specific to VPSes?}}<br />
See [[QEMU#Preparing an (Arch) Linux guest]].<br />
<br />
===OpenVZ===<br />
<br />
====Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider====<br />
<br />
{{警告|See the [[#top|最上的警告]] about older kernel builds and systemd.}}<br />
<br />
It's possible to directly copy an installation of Arch Linux over the top of a working OpenVZ VPS. This tutorial explains how to create a basic installation of Arch Linux with {{ic|pacstrap}} (as used in a standard install) and then replace the contents of a target VPS with it using [[rsync]].<br />
<br />
This process (with minor modification) also works to migrate existing Arch installations between various environments and has been confirmed to work in migrating from OpenVZ to Xen and from Xen to OpenVZ. For an install to Xen, other hardware-virtualized platforms, or probably even to physical hardware (unconfirmed), extra steps (basically running {{ic|mkinitcpio}} and [[Boot loaders|installing a bootloader]]) are needed.<br />
<br />
=====Prerequisites=====<br />
<br />
* A working Arch Linux installation<br />
** To keep things simple, it should match the architecture you want to install on your VPS (x86_64 or i686).<br />
** To build from other distributions, [[Archbootstrap|arch-bootstrap.sh]] can be used in place of {{ic|pacstrap}}.<br />
* The {{Pkg|arch-install-scripts}}, {{Pkg|rsync}}, and {{Pkg|openssh}} packages from the [[official repositories]]<br />
** SSH isn't strictly required, but rsync over SSH is the method used here.<br />
* A VPS running any distribution, with {{ic|rsync}} and a working SSH server<br />
** Its architecture (x86_64 or i686) doesn't matter as long as the OpenVZ installation can support your target architecture.<br />
* OpenVZ's serial console feature (usually accessible via your provider's control panel)<br />
** Without this, any network configuration for the target VPS will have to be done immediately after the "Build" step below.<br />
<br />
=====Building a clean Arch Linux installation=====<br />
<br />
As root, build the installation (optionally replacing {{ic|build}} with your preferred target directory):<br />
<br />
# mkdir build<br />
# pacstrap -cd build<br />
<br />
Other tweaks for the {{ic|pacstrap}} command:<br />
<br />
*{{ic|-C custom-pacman-config.conf}} - Use a custom pacman configuration file. By default, pacstrap builds according to your local pacman.conf. This determines the architecture (i686 or x86_64) of the build, the mirror list, etc.<br />
*{{ic|-B}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman keyring to the new build. If you use this option, you'll need to run {{ic|pacman-key --init}} and {{ic|pacman-key --populate archlinux}} in the [[Virtual Private Server#Configuration|Configuration]] step to set up the keyring.<br />
*{{ic|-M}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman mirror list to the new build.<br />
<br />
=====Replacing everything on the VPS with the Arch build=====<br />
<br />
Replace all files, directories, etc. on your target VPS with the contents of your {{ic|build}} directory (replacing "YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS" below):<br />
<br />
{{警告|Be careful with the following command. By design, {{ic|rsync}} is very destructive, especially with any of the {{ic|--delete}} options.}}<br />
<br />
# rsync -ax --delete-delay -e ssh --stats -P build/ YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS:/<br />
<br />
Explanation of options:<br />
<br />
At minimum, only the {{ic|-a}} (preserve timestamps, permissions, etc.), {{ic|-x}} (don't cross filesystem boundaries), and {{ic|--delete}} (delete anything in the target that doesn't exist in the source) options are required. The {{ic|--delete-delay}} option is an alternate deletion mode which waits to delete anything until the synchronization is otherwise complete; this isn't necessary but may reduce the risk of a slow transfer causing the target VPS to lock-up. The {{ic|-e ssh}} (use rsync over SSH) option is recommended and makes things simple. The {{ic|--stats}} and {{ic|-P}} options are just to show more information.<br />
<br />
=====Configuration=====<br />
<br />
# Reboot the VPS externally (using your provider's control panel, for example).<br />
# Using OpenVZ's serial console feature, configure the [[Network configuration|network]] and [[Installation_guide#Configure_the_system|basic system settings]] (ignoring fstab generation and arch-chroot steps).<br />
#* If you don't have access to the serial console feature, you'll need to preconfigure your network settings before synchronizing Arch to the VPS.<br />
<br />
===Xen===<br />
{{Expansion|Are there instructions specific to VPSes?}}<br />
See [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PVHVM mode)]] and/or [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PV mode)]].</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux_on_a_VPS_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=356775Arch Linux on a VPS (简体中文)2015-01-17T06:59:44Z<p>Spaike97: start localizing</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Getting and installing Arch (简体中文)]]<br />
[[Category:Virtualization (简体中文)]]<br />
{{Related articles start}}<br />
{{Related|Comprehensive Server Guide (简体中文)}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
[[en:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
[[ja:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
From [[Wikipedia:Virtual private server (简体中文)]]:<br />
<br />
:''Virtual private server (VPS) is a term used by Internet hosting services to refer to a virtual machine. The term is used for emphasizing that the virtual machine, although running in software on the same physical computer as other customers' virtual machines, is in many respects functionally equivalent to a separate physical computer, is dedicated to the individual customer's needs, has the privacy of a separate physical computer, and can be configured to run server software.''<br />
<br />
This article discusses the use of Arch Linux on Virtual Private Servers, and includes some fixes and installation instructions specific to VPSes.<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Linux 2.6.32 is not supported by systemd since version 205 (and won't work with systemd-212 or higher). Since many container-based virtualization environments rely on older kernels, it may be impossible to keep an Arch Linux install up-to-date in such an environment. However, OpenVZ, as of [http://openvz.org/Download/kernel/rhel6/042stab094.7 kernel build 042stab094.7], has backported the CLOCK_BOOTTIME feature and now works with the latest systemd.}}<br />
<br />
==Providers that offer Arch Linux==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|We cannot vouch for the honesty or quality of any provider. Please conduct due diligence before ordering.}}<br />
{{Note|This list is for providers with a convenient Arch Linux template. Using Arch on other providers is possible but requires more work. Example methods include loading custom disc images (requires hardware virtualization such as in Xen or KVM), [[Installation guide|installing under chroot]], or [[Virtual Private Server#Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider|using rsync to synchronize Arch over the top of another distribution]].}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Provider !! Arch Release !! Virtualization !! Locations !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.milesweb.com/vps-hosting.php A MilesWeb VPS] || 2013.10.14 || OpenVZ || Europe, India, US || Latest Arch Linux available on OpenVZ platform. Quick setup, 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email and Phone. VPS starts from $20 / mo<br />
|-<br />
| [http://123systems.net 123 Systems] || 2010.05.xx || OpenVZ || Dallas, US-TX || Arch available as a selection upon reinstall. Very old (2.6.18-308) kernel - See [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|OpenVZ troubleshooting]]. Limited information available before purchase. Cannot verify Arch Linux version without purchase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://ausweb.com.au AUSWEB] || Latest Only (clarify?) || VMware ESXi || Sydney, AU || Latest ISO (clarify?) of Arch Available. Enterprise Service. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.affinity.net.nz affinity.net.nz] || 2013.08.01 || KVM || Auckland, New Zealand (NZ) || IRC channel is #affinity on ircs.kiwicon.org<br />
|-<br />
| [http://afterburst.com/ Afterburst] || 2012.12.01 || OpenVZ || Miami, US-FL; Nuremberg, DE || Formerly FanaticalVPS, kernel version depends on what node your VPS is on, the ones in Miami are fine (2.6.32-042stab072.10) but some of the ones in Germany require a [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|custom glibc]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.buyvm.net/ BuyVM] || 2013.07.01 || KVM || LA, Buffalo NY || Must chose a different OS at sign up. Once accessible, choose to mount the latest Arch ISO and reboot to install manually. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://en.edis.at/ Edis] || [http://www.edis.at/en/support-and-service/faq/server-faq/which-distributions-are-available-with-edis-kvm-vps-plans/ 2013.03.01] || vServer, KVM, OpenVZ || [http://www.edis.at/en/server/kvm-vps/austria/ Multiple international locations]. || Also offer dedicated server options as well as an "off-shore" location at the Isle of Man (IM).<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.directvps.nl/ DirectVPS] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Rotterdam, NL || Dutch language site. Version verifyable by clicking through https://www.directvps.nl/try-1.plp?p=31<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gandi.net/hosting/ Gandi] || 2013.10.27 || Xen || Paris, FR; Baltimore, MD, US; Bissen, LU || Very granular scaling of system resources (e.g. RAM, disk space); IPv6-only option available; you can supply your own install image, version based on keyring package version ||<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gigatux.com/virtual.php GigaTux] || [https://www.gigatux.com/distro/ 2013.06.01] || Xen || Chicago, US-IL; Frankfurt, DE; London, GB; San Jose, US-CA ||<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vr.org/ Host Virtual] || [http://www.vr.org/os/linux-vps/archlinux-vps 2011.08.19] || KVM || [http://www.vr.org/cloud-locations/ Multiple International Locations] || Appears to use KVM virtualization. Site lists "Xen based virtualization" and [http://www.vr.org/features/ features] lists ability to install from ISO.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://hostigation.com/ Hostigation] || [https://hostigation.com/wiki/index.php?title=KVM:Install 2010.05 i686] || OpenVZ, KVM || Charlotte, US-NC; Los Angeles, US-CA || You can [[Migrating Between Architectures Without Reinstalling|migrate to x86_64]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.intovps.com IntoVPS] || 2012.09.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Bucharest, RO; Dallas, US-TX; Fremont, US-CA; London, GB || Blog has not been updated since September, 2012 which included the Arch Linux update.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://leapswitch.com Leapswitch Networks] || [2013.10.xx] || OpenVZ/KVM || USA, India, Portugal, Spain, Ukraine, Germany || ArchLinux currently available in Control Panel for reinstall, not on order form. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.linode.com Linode.com] || [https://www.linode.com/faq.cfm 2013.06.xx] || Xen|| [https://www.linode.com/speedtest/ Tokyo, JP; Multiple US; London, GB] || To run a custom kernel, install {{AUR|linux-linode}}. ({{pkg|linux}} will break on a 32-bit Linode.)<br />
|-<br />
| [http://lylix.net/ LYLIX] || [http://lylix.net/archlinux 2014.01.xx] || OpenVZ || Multiple US; Europe || 32-bit and 64-bit available <br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.nodedeploy.com Node Deploy] || 2014.10.01 || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE); Los Angeles, US-CA; Atlanta, US-GA; Phoenix, US-AZ || "At NodeDeploy we support virtually every linux distribution." Arch Linux is listed under their Operating Systems. No version information.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://netcup.de Netcup] || 2012.11.xx || KVM || Germany (DE)|| German language site. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://onepoundwebhosting.co.uk OnePoundWebHosting] || 2013.05.xx || Xen PV, Xen HVM || United Kingdom (UK) || They are a registrar too. Unable to verify server locations.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.proplay.biz/ proPlay.de] || 2012.12.xx || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE) || German language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.quickvz.com QuickVZ] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ, Xen || Amsterdam, Netherlands (NL); Stockholm, Sweden (SE) || Provide hardened Arch Linux images along with Enterprise services (e,g. VPN, Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) and Virtual Routers.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/cloud_hosting_products/servers/ Rackspace Cloud] || 2013.6 || Xen || [https://www.rackspace.com/whyrackspace/network/datacenters/ Multiple international locations] || Billed per hour. Use their "next gen" VPSes (using the mycloud.rackspace.com panel); the Arch image on the first gen Rackspace VPSes is out of date.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramhost.us RamHost.us] || [http://www.ramhost.us/?page=news 2013.05.01] || OpenVZ, KVM || Los Angeles, US-CA; Great Britain (GB); Atlanta, US-GA; Germany (DE) || You can request a newer ISO on RamHost's IRC network.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramnode.com RamNode] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=48 2013.07.01] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=39 SSD and SSD Cached:] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=52 OpenVZ, KVM] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=18 Seattle, WA USA, Atlanta, GA USA] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=66 You can request Host/CPU passthrough with KVM service.] [http://www.ramnode.com/about.php Customer service has been prompt and professional.] [https://twitter.com/search?q=ramnode%20code&src=typd Regular discount codes can be found (15-35% off).] [http://www.ramnode.com/index.php Modern hardware.] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/cart.php?carttpl=svz Competitive pricing (before discounts).]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.tilaa.nl/ Tilaa] || 2014.10.01 || [https://www.tilaa.com/pages/vps/technology KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English or Dutch language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.transip.eu/ TransIP] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-os/ 2013.05.01] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-technology/ KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English language site. Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/ XenVZ] || 2009.12.07 || OpenVZ, Xen || United Kingdom (UK), United States (US) || [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/faq.php#use2 Hardware]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.virpus.com/ Virpus] || [http://virpus.com/linux-vps.php 2014.11.07] || Xen || Kansas City, US-KS; Los Angeles, US-CA || A subcompany of Wow Technologies, Inc. 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email, Phone, and Ticket System. Service starts at $5/month.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vmline.pl/ Vmline] || 2013.09.01 || KVM, OpenVZ || Kraków, PL || [http://www.s-net.pl/en/ S-Net] reseller. Full virtualization. Polish language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vpsbg.eu/ VPSBG.eu] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ || [https://vpsbg.eu/en/index.php?page=vps-datacenter Sofia, Bulgaria] || Offshore VPS in Bulgaria - anonymous registrations and Bitcoin are accepted.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vps6.net/ VPS6.NET] || 2013.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps6.net/network/ Multiple US]; Frankfurt, DE; Bucharest, RO; Istanbul, TR || Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vps.net/ VPS.NET] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps.net/cloud-datacenter-locations US, Canada, UK, Brazil, Netherlands, France, Germany, Japan, Singapore, India, Austrlia]; Multiple || Managed & Un managed VPS service provider, multiple OS and configurations..<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Installation==<br />
<br />
===KVM===<br />
{{Expansion|Are there instructions specific to VPSes?}}<br />
See [[QEMU#Preparing an (Arch) Linux guest]].<br />
<br />
===OpenVZ===<br />
<br />
====Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider====<br />
<br />
{{Warning|See the [[#top|above warning]] about older kernel builds and systemd.}}<br />
<br />
It's possible to directly copy an installation of Arch Linux over the top of a working OpenVZ VPS. This tutorial explains how to create a basic installation of Arch Linux with {{ic|pacstrap}} (as used in a standard install) and then replace the contents of a target VPS with it using [[rsync]].<br />
<br />
This process (with minor modification) also works to migrate existing Arch installations between various environments and has been confirmed to work in migrating from OpenVZ to Xen and from Xen to OpenVZ. For an install to Xen, other hardware-virtualized platforms, or probably even to physical hardware (unconfirmed), extra steps (basically running {{ic|mkinitcpio}} and [[Boot loaders|installing a bootloader]]) are needed.<br />
<br />
=====Prerequisites=====<br />
<br />
* A working Arch Linux installation<br />
** To keep things simple, it should match the architecture you want to install on your VPS (x86_64 or i686).<br />
** To build from other distributions, [[Archbootstrap|arch-bootstrap.sh]] can be used in place of {{ic|pacstrap}}.<br />
* The {{Pkg|arch-install-scripts}}, {{Pkg|rsync}}, and {{Pkg|openssh}} packages from the [[official repositories]]<br />
** SSH isn't strictly required, but rsync over SSH is the method used here.<br />
* A VPS running any distribution, with {{ic|rsync}} and a working SSH server<br />
** Its architecture (x86_64 or i686) doesn't matter as long as the OpenVZ installation can support your target architecture.<br />
* OpenVZ's serial console feature (usually accessible via your provider's control panel)<br />
** Without this, any network configuration for the target VPS will have to be done immediately after the "Build" step below.<br />
<br />
=====Building a clean Arch Linux installation=====<br />
<br />
As root, build the installation (optionally replacing {{ic|build}} with your preferred target directory):<br />
<br />
# mkdir build<br />
# pacstrap -cd build<br />
<br />
Other tweaks for the {{ic|pacstrap}} command:<br />
<br />
*{{ic|-C custom-pacman-config.conf}} - Use a custom pacman configuration file. By default, pacstrap builds according to your local pacman.conf. This determines the architecture (i686 or x86_64) of the build, the mirror list, etc.<br />
*{{ic|-B}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman keyring to the new build. If you use this option, you'll need to run {{ic|pacman-key --init}} and {{ic|pacman-key --populate archlinux}} in the [[Virtual Private Server#Configuration|Configuration]] step to set up the keyring.<br />
*{{ic|-M}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman mirror list to the new build.<br />
<br />
=====Replacing everything on the VPS with the Arch build=====<br />
<br />
Replace all files, directories, etc. on your target VPS with the contents of your {{ic|build}} directory (replacing "YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS" below):<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Be careful with the following command. By design, {{ic|rsync}} is very destructive, especially with any of the {{ic|--delete}} options.}}<br />
<br />
# rsync -ax --delete-delay -e ssh --stats -P build/ YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS:/<br />
<br />
Explanation of options:<br />
<br />
At minimum, only the {{ic|-a}} (preserve timestamps, permissions, etc.), {{ic|-x}} (don't cross filesystem boundaries), and {{ic|--delete}} (delete anything in the target that doesn't exist in the source) options are required. The {{ic|--delete-delay}} option is an alternate deletion mode which waits to delete anything until the synchronization is otherwise complete; this isn't necessary but may reduce the risk of a slow transfer causing the target VPS to lock-up. The {{ic|-e ssh}} (use rsync over SSH) option is recommended and makes things simple. The {{ic|--stats}} and {{ic|-P}} options are just to show more information.<br />
<br />
=====Configuration=====<br />
<br />
# Reboot the VPS externally (using your provider's control panel, for example).<br />
# Using OpenVZ's serial console feature, configure the [[Network configuration|network]] and [[Installation_guide#Configure_the_system|basic system settings]] (ignoring fstab generation and arch-chroot steps).<br />
#* If you don't have access to the serial console feature, you'll need to preconfigure your network settings before synchronizing Arch to the VPS.<br />
<br />
===Xen===<br />
{{Expansion|Are there instructions specific to VPSes?}}<br />
See [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PVHVM mode)]] and/or [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PV mode)]].</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Virtual_Private_Server_(%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E8%AA%9E)&diff=356773Virtual Private Server (日本語)2015-01-17T06:57:01Z<p>Spaike97: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Getting and installing Arch (日本語)]]<br />
[[Category:Virtualization (日本語)]]<br />
[[en:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
[[zh-CN:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
{{Related articles start (日本語)}}<br />
{{Related2|Comprehensive Server Guide|サーバー総合ガイド}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
[[Wikipedia:ja:バーチャル・プライベート・サーバ]] より:<br />
<br />
:''バーチャルプライベートサーバ (VPS) はホスティングサーバ事業者によって使われている言葉で仮想マシンのことを指す。他の仮想マシンと同じ物理コンピュータ上のソフトウェアで動作しながらも、一つの独立した物理コンピュータとほとんど同じように使えるということを強調するために使われます。個々の顧客のニーズにあわせてカスタマイズすることができ、独立したコンピュータとしてのプライバシーを持ちながら、サーバーソフトウェアが動作するように設定することが可能です。''<br />
<br />
この記事では仮想専用サーバーにおける Arch Linux の利用について検討して、VPS 固有のインストール手順・フィックスなども述べます。<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Linux 2.6.32 は systemd バージョン 205 からサポートされていません (そして systemd 212 以降では動作しません)。コンテナによる仮想化環境は多くが古いカーネルを使っており、そのような環境では Arch Linux を最新状態に保つことができない可能性があります。ただし、OpenVZ は、[http://openvz.org/Download/kernel/rhel6/042stab094.7 カーネルビルド 042stab094.7] から、CLOCK_BOOTTIME 機能をバックポートしているため最新の systemd でも動作します。}}<br />
<br />
==Arch Linux を提供しているプロバイダ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|プロバイダの品質について保証はできません。発注する前に自分で確認してください。}}<br />
{{Note|以下のプロバイダでは便利な Arch Linux イメージが用意されています。他のプロバイダで Arch を使うこともできますが、必要な作業が増えます。カスタムディスクイメージをロードしたり (ハードウェア仮想化が必須)、[[Installation Guide (日本語)|chroot 下でインストール]]したり、[[#OpenVZ プロバイダで最新の Arch Linux をインストール|他のディストリビューション上で rsync を使って Arch を同期]]するなどの方法があります。}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! プロバイダ !! Arch リリース !! 仮想化 !! 場所 !! 注記<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.milesweb.com/vps-hosting.php A MilesWeb VPS] || 2013.10.14 || OpenVZ || ヨーロッパ, インド, US || OpenVZ プラットフォームで最新の Arch Linux が使えます。クイックセットアップ、24時間365日のライブチャット・メール・電話サポート。VPS は月20ドルから。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://123systems.net 123 Systems] || 2010.05.xx || OpenVZ || ダラス, US-TX || 再インストール時に Arch が選択できます。カーネルはとても古い (2.6.18-308) ので [[#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|OpenVZ のトラブルシューティング]]を見て下さい。購入する前に見られる情報は限られており、購入しないと Arch Linux のバージョンも確認できません。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://ausweb.com.au AUSWEB] || 最新リリースのみ (clarify?) || VMware ESXi || シドニー, AU || Latest ISO (clarify?) of Arch Available. Enterprise Service. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.affinity.net.nz affinity.net.nz] || 2013.08.01 || KVM || オークランド, ニュージーランド (NZ) || IRC チャンネルは ircs.kiwicon.org の #affinity<br />
|-<br />
| [http://afterburst.com/ Afterburst] || 2012.12.01 || OpenVZ || マイアミ, US-FL; ニュルンベルク, DE || 旧名 FanaticalVPS。カーネルバージョンは VPS が存在するノードによります。マイアミのノードは問題ありません (2.6.32-042stab072.10) がドイツのノードの場合[[#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|カスタム glibc]] が必要になることがあります。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.buyvm.net/ BuyVM] || 2013.07.01 || KVM || LA, バッファロー NY || 登録時には別の OS を選択しなくてはなりません。アクセスできるようになったら、最新の Arch ISO をマウントして再起動を選択して手動でインストールします。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://en.edis.at/ Edis] || [http://www.edis.at/en/support-and-service/faq/server-faq/which-distributions-are-available-with-edis-kvm-vps-plans/ 2013.03.01] || vServer, KVM, OpenVZ || [http://www.edis.at/en/server/kvm-vps/austria/ 世界中に多数所在] || 専用サーバや、マン島 (IM) にある"オフショア"な場所も選べます。<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.directvps.nl/ DirectVPS] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ || アムステルダム, NL; ロッテルダム, NL || オランダ語のサイト。https://www.directvps.nl/try-1.plp?p=31 からバージョンが確認できます。<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gandi.net/hosting/ Gandi] || 2013.10.27 || Xen || パリ, FR; ボルチモア, MD, US; ビッセン, LU || Very granular scaling of system resources (e.g. RAM, disk space); IPv6-only option available; you can supply your own install image, version based on keyring package version ||<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gigatux.com/virtual.php GigaTux] || [https://www.gigatux.com/distro/ 2013.06.01] || Xen || シカゴ, US-IL; フランクフルト, DE; ロンドン, GB; サンノゼ, US-CA ||<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vr.org/ Host Virtual] || [http://www.vr.org/os/linux-vps/archlinux-vps 2011.08.19] || KVM || [http://www.vr.org/cloud-locations/ 世界中に多数所在] || Appears to use KVM virtualization. Site lists "Xen based virtualization" and [http://www.vr.org/features/ features] lists ability to install from ISO.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://hostigation.com/ Hostigation] || [https://hostigation.com/wiki/index.php?title=KVM:Install 2010.05 i686] || OpenVZ, KVM || シャーロット, US-NC; ロサンジェルス, US-CA || [[Migrating Between Architectures Without Reinstalling|x86_64 に移行]]することが可能<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.intovps.com IntoVPS] || 2012.09.xx || OpenVZ || アムステルダム, NL; ブカレスト, RO; ダラス, US-TX; フレモント, US-CA; ロンドン, GB || Blog has not been updated since September, 2012 which included the Arch Linux update.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://leapswitch.com Leapswitch Networks] || [2013.10.xx] || OpenVZ/KVM || USA, インド, ポルトガル, スペイン, ウクライナ, ドイツ || 現在 ArchLinux はコントロールパネルから再インストールするときだけ選べます。申し込みフォームにはありません。<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.linode.com Linode.com] || [https://www.linode.com/faq.cfm 2013.06.xx] || Xen|| [https://www.linode.com/speedtest/ 東京, JP; US 複数; ロンドン, GB] || カスタムカーネルを実行するために、{{AUR|linux-linode}} をインストールしてください ({{pkg|linux}} では32ビットの Linode 上で動作しません)。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://lylix.net/ LYLIX] || [http://lylix.net/archlinux 2014.01.xx] || OpenVZ || US 複数; ヨーロッパ || 32ビットと64ビットが利用可能。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.nodedeploy.com Node Deploy] || 2014.10.01 || OpenVZ, KVM || ドイツ (DE); ロサンジェルス, US-CA; アトランタ, US-GA; フェニックス, US-AZ || "NodeDeploy では事実上すべての linux ディストリビューションをサポートしています"。Arch Linux もオペレーティングシステムのリストに記載されています。バージョン情報はなし。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://netcup.de Netcup] || 2012.11.xx || KVM || ドイツ (DE)|| ドイツ語のサイト。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://onepoundwebhosting.co.uk OnePoundWebHosting] || 2013.05.xx || Xen PV, Xen HVM || イギリス (UK) || レジストラでもあります。サーバーの場所は特定できません。<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.proplay.biz/ proPlay.de] || 2012.12.xx || OpenVZ, KVM || ドイツ (DE) || ドイツ語のサイト。<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.quickvz.com QuickVZ] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ, Xen || アムステルダム, オランダ (NL); ストックホルム, スウェーデン (SE) || Provide hardened Arch Linux images along with Enterprise services (e,g. VPN, Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) and Virtual Routers.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/cloud_hosting_products/servers/ Rackspace Cloud] || 2013.6 || Xen || [https://www.rackspace.com/whyrackspace/network/datacenters/ 世界中に多数所在] || 料金は時間単位。"next gen" の VPS を使って下さい (mycloud.rackspace.com パネルを使用); 第1世代の Rackspace VPS の Arch イメージは古くなっています。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramhost.us RamHost.us] || [http://www.ramhost.us/?page=news 2013.05.01] || OpenVZ, KVM || ロサンジェルス, US-CA; グレートブリテン (GB); アトランタ, US-GA; ドイツ (DE) || RamHost の IRC ネットワークで最新 ISO をリクエストできます。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramnode.com RamNode] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=48 2013.07.01] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=39 SSD and SSD Cached:] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=52 OpenVZ, KVM] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=18 シアトル, WA USA, アトランタ, GA USA] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=66 You can request Host/CPU passthrough with KVM service.] [http://www.ramnode.com/about.php Customer service has been prompt and professional.] [https://twitter.com/search?q=ramnode%20code&src=typd Regular discount codes can be found (15-35% off).] [http://www.ramnode.com/index.php Modern hardware.] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/cart.php?carttpl=svz Competitive pricing (before discounts).]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.tilaa.nl/ Tilaa] || 2014.10.01 || [https://www.tilaa.com/pages/vps/technology KVM] || アムステルダム, NL || 英語またはオランダ語のサイト。<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.transip.eu/ TransIP] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-os/ 2013.05.01] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-technology/ KVM] || アムステルダム, NL || 英語のサイト。レジストラ。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/ XenVZ] || 2009.12.07 || OpenVZ, Xen || イギリス (UK), アメリカ (US) || [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/faq.php#use2 ハードウェア]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.virpus.com/ Virpus] || [http://virpus.com/linux-vps.php 2014.11.07] || Xen || カンザスシティ, US-KS; ロサンジェルス, US-CA || Wow Technologies, Inc の子会社。ライブチャット、メール、電話、チケットシステムによる24時間365日サポート。費用は月5ドルから。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vmline.pl/ Vmline] || 2013.09.01 || KVM, OpenVZ || クラクフ, PL || [http://www.s-net.pl/en/ S-Net] の再販売。完全仮想化。ポーランド語のサイト。<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vpsbg.eu/ VPSBG.eu] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ || [https://vpsbg.eu/en/index.php?page=vps-datacenter ソフィア, ブルガリア] || ブルガリアのオフショア VPS - 匿名の登録と Bitcoin による支払いが可能。<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vps6.net/ VPS6.NET] || 2013.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps6.net/network/ US 複数]; フランクフルト, DE; ブカレスト, RO; イスタンブール, TR || レジストラ。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vps.net/ VPS.NET] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps.net/cloud-datacenter-locations US, カナダ, UK, ブラジル, オランダ, フランス, ドイツ, 日本, シンガポール, インド, オーストラリア]; その他複数 || Managed & Un managed VPS service provider, multiple OS and configurations..<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==インストール==<br />
<br />
===KVM===<br />
[[QEMU (日本語)#(Arch) Linux ゲストを用意する|QEMU#(Arch) Linux ゲストを用意する]]を見て下さい。<br />
<br />
===OpenVZ===<br />
<br />
====OpenVZ プロバイダで最新の Arch Linux をインストール====<br />
<br />
It's possible to directly copy an installation of Arch Linux over the top of a working OpenVZ VPS. This tutorial explains how to create a basic installation of Arch Linux with {{ic|pacstrap}} (as used in a standard install) and then replace the contents of a target VPS with it using [[rsync]].<br />
<br />
This process (with minor modification) also works to migrate existing Arch installations between various environments and has been confirmed to work in migrating from OpenVZ to Xen and from Xen to OpenVZ. For an install to Xen, other hardware-virtualized platforms, or probably even to physical hardware (unconfirmed), extra steps (basically running {{ic|mkinitcpio}} and [[Boot loaders|installing a bootloader]]) are needed.<br />
<br />
=====必須要件=====<br />
<br />
* A working Arch Linux installation<br />
** To keep things simple, it should match the architecture you want to install on your VPS (x86_64 or i686).<br />
** To build from other distributions, [[Archbootstrap|arch-bootstrap.sh]] can be used in place of {{ic|pacstrap}}.<br />
* The {{Pkg|arch-install-scripts}}, {{Pkg|rsync}}, and {{Pkg|openssh}} packages from the [[official repositories]]<br />
** SSH isn't strictly required, but rsync over SSH is the method used here.<br />
* A VPS running any distribution, with {{ic|rsync}} and a working SSH server<br />
** Its architecture (x86_64 or i686) doesn't matter as long as the OpenVZ installation can support your target architecture.<br />
* OpenVZ's serial console feature (usually accessible via your provider's control panel)<br />
** Without this, any network configuration for the target VPS will have to be done immediately after the "Build" step below.<br />
<br />
=====クリーンな Arch Linux 環境を作成=====<br />
<br />
As root, build the installation (optionally replacing {{ic|build}} with your preferred target directory):<br />
<br />
# mkdir build<br />
# pacstrap -cdGM build<br />
<br />
{{Note|By default, the {{ic|pacstrap}} script will build the installation according to your system's {{ic|pacman.conf}}. Its {{ic|Architecture}} setting ({{ic|auto}} by default) will determine if an i686 or x86_64 installation is created. Alternatively, you could add the {{ic|-C}} option (like {{ic|-C custom-pacman-config.conf}}) if you'd like to change the architecture, use custom mirrors, etc.}}<br />
<br />
=====VPS にあるものを全て Arch 環境と置き換える=====<br />
<br />
Replace all files, directories, etc. on your target VPS with the contents of your {{ic|build}} directory (replacing "YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS" below):<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Be careful with the following command. By design, {{ic|rsync}} is very destructive, especially with the {{ic|--delete}} option.}}<br />
<br />
# rsync -ax --delete -e ssh --stats -P build/ YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS:/<br />
<br />
{{Note|At minimum, only the {{ic|-a}} (preserve timestamps, permissions, etc.), {{ic|-x}} (don't cross filesystem boundaries), and {{ic|--delete}} (delete anything in the target that doesn't exist in the source) options are required. {{ic|-e ssh}} (use rsync over SSH) is recommended and makes things simple.}}<br />
<br />
=====設定=====<br />
<br />
# Reboot the VPS externally (using your provider's control panel, for example).<br />
# Using OpenVZ's serial console feature, configure [[Network configuration|the network]] and [[Installation_guide#Configure_the_system|basic system settings]], as in a normal installation.<br />
#* If you don't have access to the serial console feature, you'll need to preconfigure your network settings before synchronizing Arch to the VPS.<br />
<br />
====2010.05 インストールイメージの更新====<br />
These instructions assume you have a 2010.05 image from your VPS provider and you would like to get it updated. The biggest work involves preparing {{ic|/lib}} for the symlink upgrade ({{pkg|glibc}} 2.16, and later {{pkg|filesystem}} 2013.01).<br />
<br />
{{Warning|If you are on a older kernel than 2.6.32, please refer [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|further down the page]] to get the ''glibc-vps'' repository working (just add the repository and you can follow these steps).}}<br />
<br />
To start, grab the latest BusyBox from http://busybox.net/downloads/binaries/latest/. This allows you to force glibc (losing {{ic|/lib}} temporarily) without losing your OS (BusyBox comes with its own GNU tools which are statically linked).<br />
<nowiki># wget http://busybox.net/downloads/binaries/latest/busybox-i686</nowiki><br />
# chmod +x busybox-i686<br />
<br />
First, you can get a list of packages that own files in {{ic|/lib}} with the following command:<br />
{{bc|<nowiki><br />
$ pacman -Qo /lib/* | cut -d' ' -f 5 | egrep -v 'glibc' | uniq | xargs<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
For the current 2010.05 that comes from ibiru's page, these are the packages that were required to be removed for me:<br />
<br />
{{bc|pacman -S acl attr util-linux-ng bzip2 libcap e2fsprogs libgcrypt libgpg-error udev readline ncurses pam pcre popt procps readline shadow e2fsprogs sysfsutils udev util-linux-ng sysvinit coreutils}}<br />
<br />
You may have to remove {{ic|/lib/udev/devices/loop0}} (a simple {{ic|rm}} works).<br />
<br />
After the upgrade finishes, you must remove any extra empty directories in {{ic|/lib}} ({{ic|/lib/modules}} is the common offender):<br />
# rm -rf /lib/modules<br />
<br />
Install {{pkg|tzdata}} to fix some dependencies, and remove {{ic|/etc/profile.d/locale.sh}}:<br />
# pacman -S tzdata<br />
# rm /etc/profile.d/locale.sh<br />
<br />
Remove {{ic|/var/run}} (you should have nothing running that matters):<br />
# rm -rf /var/run<br />
<br />
Force glibc, which will pull in the latest filesystem package, but will BREAK everything (other than BusyBox):<br />
# pacman -S --force glibc<br />
<br />
Now, you will have a broken system, so symlink {{ic|/usr/lib}} to {{ic|/lib}} with BusyBox's ln program:<br />
# ./busybox-i686 ln -s /usr/lib /lib<br />
<br />
And you should have a fully functional system where you can now update pacman.<br />
# pacman -S pacman<br />
# pacman-key --init<br />
# pacman-key --populate archlinux<br />
# pacman-db-upgrade<br />
# pacman -Syy<br />
<br />
Now, update initscripts to get the {{pkg|iproute2}} package:<br />
# pacman -S initscripts<br />
<br />
Install the {{pkg|makedev}} package:<br />
{{bc|pacman -S makedev}}<br />
<br />
Add the following to your {{ic|/etc/rc.local}}:<br />
/usr/sbin/MAKEDEV tty<br />
/usr/sbin/MAKEDEV pty<br />
<br />
Comment the following lines in {{ic|/etc/inittab}}:<br />
#c1:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty1 linux<br />
#c2:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty2 linux<br />
#c3:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty3 linux<br />
#c4:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty4 linux<br />
#c5:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty5 linux<br />
#c6:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty6 linux<br />
<br />
Finally, you should be able to upgrade the whole system:<br />
# pacman -Syu<br />
<br />
You may run into some issues with krb5 and heimdal, as krb5 no longer provides+conflicts+replaces heimdal (https://projects.archlinux.org/svntogit/packages.git/commit/trunk/PKGBUILD?h=packages/krb5&id=f5e6d77fd14ced15ebf5b6a78a7c76e0db0625f7). The old openssh depends on heimdal (and the new openssh depends on krb5), so force install krb5, then upgrade openssh, then remove heimdal and reinstall krb5.<br />
# pacman -S --force krb5<br />
# pacman -S openssh openssl<br />
# pacman -R heimdal<br />
# pacman -S krb5<br />
<br />
Fix {{pkg|syslog-ng}}. Set the src to {{ic|unix-dgram("/dev/log")}} and add {{ic|--no-caps}} to both check and run args in {{ic|/etc/conf.d/syslog-ng}}.<br />
<br />
Make sure your {{ic|/etc/rc.conf}} is not messed up with broken network definitions, or else be sure serial access works on your VPS before you reboot.<br />
<br />
====VPS のネットワーク設定を rc.conf から netcfg に移行 (OpenVZ でテスト済み)====<br />
<br />
1) Install netcfg<br />
<br />
{{bc|pacman -S netcfg}}<br />
<br />
2) Create a netcfg configuration file {{ic|/etc/network.d/venet}}<br />
<br />
{{bc|1=CONNECTION='ethernet'<br />
DESCRIPTION='VPS venet connection'<br />
INTERFACE='venet0'<br />
IP='static'<br />
IPCFG=(<br />
#default<br />
'addr add 127.0.0.1/32 broadcast 0.0.0.0 dev venet0'<br />
#IPv4 address<br />
'addr add xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/32 broadcast 0.0.0.0 dev venet0'<br />
#IPv4 route<br />
'route add default dev venet0'<br />
#IPv6 address<br />
'addr add xxxx:xx:xx::x/128 dev venet0'<br />
#IPv6 route<br />
'-6 route add default dev venet0'<br />
)<br />
DNS=('xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx' 'xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx')}}<br />
<br />
3) Edit your netcfg main conf file {{ic|/etc/conf.d/netcfg}}<br />
<br />
{{bc|1=NETWORKS=(venet)<br />
WIRED_INTERFACE="venet0"}}<br />
<br />
4) Try your new setup<br />
<br />
{{bc|rc.d stop network && ip addr flush venet0 && netcfg venet}}<br />
<br />
Your VPS should still be connected and have its IP addresses set correctly. (Check with {{ic|ip a}})<br />
<br />
DO NOT proceed to next step if this isn't the case.<br />
<br />
5) Make your new setup survive reboots<br />
<br />
In the {{ic|DAEMONS}} array in {{ic|/etc/rc.conf}}, replace {{ic|network}} with {{ic|net-profiles}}.<br />
<br />
Remove all networking information that is in {{ic|/etc/rc.conf}}.<br />
{{bc|reboot}}<br />
<br />
====VPS で initscripts から systemd に移行====<br />
<br />
{{Warning|This has been known to work with OpenVZ on the 2.6.32 kernel, but systemd may not work on older kernels.}}<br />
<br />
This is very similar to a regular arch system, except you probably don't have access to your kernel line.<br />
<br />
1) Move from network in rc.conf to netcfg (see above).<br />
<br />
2) Install systemd<br />
<br />
{{bc|pacman -S systemd}}<br />
<br />
2 bonus for OpenVZ) Remove kernel core dump pattern since this is blocked by OpenVZ and causes errors<br />
<br />
Edit {{ic|/usr/lib/sysctl.d/coredump.conf}}, comment out the following line:<br />
{{bc|#kernel.core_pattern&#61;&#124;/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-coredump %p %u %g %s %t %e}}<br />
<br />
3) Move all configuration from {{ic|/etc/rc.conf}} (except the {{ic|DAEMONS}} array) to its appropriate location.<br />
<br />
See [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd#Native_configuration Native configuration] and [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Rc.conf rc.conf] for details.<br />
<br />
Now your {{ic|/etc/rc.conf}} should only contain the {{ic|DAEMONS}} array.<br />
<br />
4) Install systemd-sysvcompat<br />
<br />
{{bc|pacman -S systemd-sysvcompat}}<br />
<br />
It will ask to replace sysvinit, say yes.<br />
<br />
{{bc|reboot}}<br />
<br />
5) Move daemons from the {{ic|DAEMONS}} array in {{ic|/etc/rc.conf}} to {{ic|systemd}}<br />
<br />
See the [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd#Moving_away_from_the_DAEMONS_array guide] and the [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Daemons_List daemons list].<br />
<br />
If your {{ic|DAEMONS}} array is now empty, skip next step.<br />
<br />
6) Moving rc.d daemons with no systemd support, example: {{ic|vzquota}}<br />
<br />
Create a custom systemd service file for vzquota: {{ic|/etc/systemd/system/newvzquota.service}}:<br />
{{bc|1=[Unit]<br />
Description=Setup vzquota on VPS<br />
ConditionFileIsExecutable=/etc/rc.d/vzquota<br />
<br />
[Service]<br />
Type=oneshot<br />
ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/vzquota start<br />
ExecStop=/etc/rc.d/vzquota stop<br />
TimeoutSec=0<br />
StandardInput=tty<br />
RemainAfterExit=yes<br />
<br />
[Install]<br />
WantedBy=multi-user.target}}<br />
<br />
{{Note|It is recommended to choose a .service file name that is different from the name of the daemon, because systemd might try to call the LEGACY scripts with the old name.}}<br />
<br />
Enable this service:<br />
{{bc|systemctl enable newvzquota.service}}<br />
<br />
Remove {{ic|vzquota}} from the {{ic|DAEMONS}} array in {{ic|/etc/rc.conf}}<br />
<br />
Repeat this step to remove all daemons from {{ic|/etc/rc.conf}}.<br />
<br />
7) Removing {{ic|/etc/rc.local}} and {{ic|/etc/rc.local.shutdown}}<br />
<br />
Write [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd#Writing_custom_.service_files custom .service files] to replace functionality in {{ic|/etc/rc.local}} and {{ic|/etc/rc.local.shutdown}}. You can take a look at {{ic|/usr/lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service}} and {{ic|/usr/lib/systemd/system/rc-local-shutdown.service}} for inspiration.<br />
<br />
8) Removing {{ic|initscripts}}<br />
<br />
Your {{ic|/etc/rc.conf}} file must look like this:<br />
{{bc|1=DAEMONS=()}}<br />
and {{ic|/etc/rc.local}} and {{ic|/etc/rc.local.shutdown}} must now be empty.<br />
<br />
Uninstall {{ic|initscripts}}<br />
{{bc|pacman -R initscripts}}<br />
<br />
{{bc|reboot}}<br />
<br />
===Xen===<br />
[[Xen (日本語)#ハードウェア仮想化 (HVM) Arch domU の設定|Xen#ハードウェア仮想化 (HVM) Arch domU の設定]] や [[Xen (日本語)#準仮想化 (PV) Arch domU の設定|Xen#準仮想化 (PV) Arch domU の設定]] を見て下さい。<br />
<br />
===OpenStack と Xen のコンポーネントを sysmted に変換===<br />
Rackspace NextGen Cloud などの、OpenStack/Xen による VPS を使う場合、systemd で有効にする必要がある3つのコンポーネントがあります。そのうちの2つは現行バージョンの {{Pkg|xe-guest-utilities}} に含まれています: xe-linux-distribution と xe-daemon。<br />
<br />
OpenStack の nova-agent については、現行バージョンの 0.0.1.37 には sysvinit のスタートアップスクリプトしか含まれていないので、カスタムサービスファイルを作成する必要があります。<br />
<br />
{{hc|1=/etc/systemd/system/nova-agent.service|2=<br />
[Unit]<br />
Description=nova-agent service<br />
After=xe-daemon.service<br />
<br />
[Service]<br />
Environment=LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/share/nova-agent/0.0.1.37/lib<br />
ExecStart=usr/bin/nova-agent -n -l info /usr/share/nova-agent/nova-agent.py<br />
<br />
[Install]<br />
WantedBy=multi-user.target}}<br />
Once these steps are done, you can continue with converting the server from sysvinit to systemd.<br />
<br />
以下のサービスを有効にするようにしてください:<br />
# systemctl enable xe-linux-distribution<br />
# systemctl enable xe-daemon<br />
# systemctl enable nova-agent<br />
<br />
==トラブルシューティング==<br />
===OpenVZ: kernel too old for glibc===<br />
Are you on a virtual private server (VPS) with an old kernel & broke your system? Are you using OpenVZ?<br />
<br />
Check your kernel version with:<br />
<br />
{{bc|uname -r}}<br />
<br />
If your kernel is older than 2.6.32, you will need a custom version of glibc ([https://www.archlinux.org/news/minimum-kernel-requirement-2632/ because of dependencies in glibc]).<br />
<br />
Arch Template Used: https://dev.archlinux.org/~ibiru/openvz/2010.05/arch-2010.05-i686-minimal.tar.gz<br />
<br />
{{Note|For installs that have not been updated to glibc-2.16, it will save you lots of time and prevent major breakage to do:<br />
pacman -U https://dev.archlinux.org/~ibiru/openvz/glibc-vps/i686/glibc-2.16.0-101-i686.pkg.tar.xz<br />
or<br />
pacman -U https://dev.archlinux.org/~ibiru/openvz/glibc-vps/x86_64/glibc-2.16.0-101-x86_64.pkg.tar.xz<br />
Add a single {{ic|-d}} if needed. ''The instructions below assume that this has been done.''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
Following similar instructions from [[DeveloperWiki:usrlib]].<br />
<br />
Try doing the following to fix it:<br />
<br />
1) Edit {{ic|/etc/pacman.conf}} and add the following repository '''ABOVE''' {{ic|[core]}}:<br />
<br />
For 32-bit:<br />
{{bc|<nowiki>[glibc-vps]<br />
Server = https://dev.archlinux.org/~ibiru/openvz/glibc-vps/i686</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
For 64-bit:<br />
{{bc|<nowiki>[glibc-vps]<br />
Server = https://dev.archlinux.org/~ibiru/openvz/glibc-vps/x86_64</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
2) Then run {{ic|pacman -Syy}} followed by {{ic|pacman -Syu}}. You will be notified to upgrade pacman first.<br />
<br />
3) Upgrade the [[pacman]] database by running {{ic|pacman-db-upgrade}} as root.<br />
<br />
4) Edit {{ic|/etc/pacman.conf.pacnew}} (new pacman config file) and add the following repository '''ABOVE''' {{ic|[core]}}:<br />
{{bc|<nowiki>[glibc-vps]<br />
Server = https://dev.archlinux.org/~ibiru/openvz/glibc-vps/$arch</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
5) Replace {{ic|/etc/pacman.conf}} with {{ic|/etc/pacman.conf.pacnew}} (run as root):<br />
# mv /etc/pacman.conf.pacnew /etc/pacman.conf<br />
<br />
6) Upgrade your whole system with new packages again {{ic|pacman -Syu}}<br />
<br />
If you get the following error or a similar error:<br />
{{bc|initscripts: /etc/profile.d/locale.sh exists in filesystem}}<br />
<br />
Simply delete that file (e.g., {{ic|rm -f /etc/profile.d/locale.sh}}), then run {{ic|pacman -Syu}} again.<br />
<br />
If you get the following error or a similar error:<br />
{{bc|filesystem: /etc/mtab exists in filesystem}}<br />
<br />
Run {{ic|pacman -S filesystem --force}}<br />
<br />
If you get the following error or a similar error:<br />
{{bc|libusb-compat: /usr/bin/libusb-config exists in filesystem}}<br />
<br />
Run {{ic|pacman -S libusb}} and then {{ic|pacman -S libusb-compat}}<br />
<br />
7) Before rebooting, you need to [[pacman|install]] the {{Pkg|makedev}} package from the [[official repositories]] by running {{ic|pacman -S makedev}}.<br />
<br />
8) Add MAKEDEV to {{ic|/etc/rc.local}}:<br />
/usr/sbin/MAKEDEV tty<br />
/usr/sbin/MAKEDEV pty<br />
<br />
9) Edit {{ic|/etc/inittab}}, comment out the following lines; otherwise, you will see errors in {{ic|/var/log/errors.log}}):<br />
#c1:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty1 linux<br />
#c2:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty2 linux<br />
#c3:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty3 linux<br />
#c4:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty4 linux<br />
#c5:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty5 linux<br />
#c6:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty6 linux<br />
<br />
10) To enable use of the {{ic|hostname}} command, [[pacman|install]] the package {{Pkg|inetutils}} from the [[official repositories]]. <br />
<br />
11) Remove disabling of the SysRq key and setup of core dump pattern because this is blocked by OpenVZ and causes errors.<br />
<br />
Because sysctl does not use {{ic|/etc/sysctl.conf}} any more[https://www.archlinux.org/news/deprecation-of-etcsysctlconf/], you must transfer all settings to {{ic|/etc/sysctl.d/99-sysctl.conf}} (or any other file in {{ic|/etc/sysctl.d/}}; however, do not transfer the following line:<br />
{{bc|1=kernel.sysrq = 0}}<br />
<br />
Edit {{ic|/usr/lib/sysctl.d/coredump.conf}} and comment out the following line:<br />
{{bc|1=#kernel.core_pattern=&#124;/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-coredump %p %u %g %s %t %e}}<br />
<br />
12) Save and reboot.<br />
<br />
Enjoy & thank ioni if you happen to be in #archlinux<br />
<br />
===SSH fails: PTY allocation request failed on channel 0===<br />
<br />
Some VPSes have an outdated {{ic|/etc/rc.sysinit}}. You may be able to log in via serial console or with the following command:<br />
$ ssh root@broken.server '/bin/bash -i'<br />
<br />
Then run the following:<br />
# mv /etc/rc.sysinit.pacnew /etc/rc.sysinit<br />
# reboot<br />
<br />
Once it is working, you should be able to comment out the {{ic|udevd_modprobe}} line in {{ic|/etc/rc.sysinit}} to save a bit of RAM the next time you reboot.<br />
<br />
If the above does not work, take a look at [http://fsk141.com/fix-pty-allocation-request-failed-on-channel-0 this guide].</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux_on_a_VPS&diff=356772Arch Linux on a VPS2015-01-17T06:56:38Z<p>Spaike97: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Getting and installing Arch]]<br />
[[Category:Virtualization]]<br />
{{Related articles start}}<br />
{{Related|Comprehensive Server Guide}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
[[ja:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
[[zh-CN:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
From [[Wikipedia:Virtual private server]]:<br />
<br />
:''Virtual private server (VPS) is a term used by Internet hosting services to refer to a virtual machine. The term is used for emphasizing that the virtual machine, although running in software on the same physical computer as other customers' virtual machines, is in many respects functionally equivalent to a separate physical computer, is dedicated to the individual customer's needs, has the privacy of a separate physical computer, and can be configured to run server software.''<br />
<br />
This article discusses the use of Arch Linux on Virtual Private Servers, and includes some fixes and installation instructions specific to VPSes.<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Linux 2.6.32 is not supported by systemd since version 205 (and won't work with systemd-212 or higher). Since many container-based virtualization environments rely on older kernels, it may be impossible to keep an Arch Linux install up-to-date in such an environment. However, OpenVZ, as of [http://openvz.org/Download/kernel/rhel6/042stab094.7 kernel build 042stab094.7], has backported the CLOCK_BOOTTIME feature and now works with the latest systemd.}}<br />
<br />
==Providers that offer Arch Linux==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|We cannot vouch for the honesty or quality of any provider. Please conduct due diligence before ordering.}}<br />
{{Note|This list is for providers with a convenient Arch Linux template. Using Arch on other providers is possible but requires more work. Example methods include loading custom disc images (requires hardware virtualization such as in Xen or KVM), [[Installation guide|installing under chroot]], or [[Virtual Private Server#Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider|using rsync to synchronize Arch over the top of another distribution]].}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Provider !! Arch Release !! Virtualization !! Locations !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.milesweb.com/vps-hosting.php A MilesWeb VPS] || 2013.10.14 || OpenVZ || Europe, India, US || Latest Arch Linux available on OpenVZ platform. Quick setup, 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email and Phone. VPS starts from $20 / mo<br />
|-<br />
| [http://123systems.net 123 Systems] || 2010.05.xx || OpenVZ || Dallas, US-TX || Arch available as a selection upon reinstall. Very old (2.6.18-308) kernel - See [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|OpenVZ troubleshooting]]. Limited information available before purchase. Cannot verify Arch Linux version without purchase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://ausweb.com.au AUSWEB] || Latest Only (clarify?) || VMware ESXi || Sydney, AU || Latest ISO (clarify?) of Arch Available. Enterprise Service. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.affinity.net.nz affinity.net.nz] || 2013.08.01 || KVM || Auckland, New Zealand (NZ) || IRC channel is #affinity on ircs.kiwicon.org<br />
|-<br />
| [http://afterburst.com/ Afterburst] || 2012.12.01 || OpenVZ || Miami, US-FL; Nuremberg, DE || Formerly FanaticalVPS, kernel version depends on what node your VPS is on, the ones in Miami are fine (2.6.32-042stab072.10) but some of the ones in Germany require a [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|custom glibc]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.buyvm.net/ BuyVM] || 2013.07.01 || KVM || LA, Buffalo NY || Must chose a different OS at sign up. Once accessible, choose to mount the latest Arch ISO and reboot to install manually. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://en.edis.at/ Edis] || [http://www.edis.at/en/support-and-service/faq/server-faq/which-distributions-are-available-with-edis-kvm-vps-plans/ 2013.03.01] || vServer, KVM, OpenVZ || [http://www.edis.at/en/server/kvm-vps/austria/ Multiple international locations]. || Also offer dedicated server options as well as an "off-shore" location at the Isle of Man (IM).<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.directvps.nl/ DirectVPS] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Rotterdam, NL || Dutch language site. Version verifyable by clicking through https://www.directvps.nl/try-1.plp?p=31<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gandi.net/hosting/ Gandi] || 2013.10.27 || Xen || Paris, FR; Baltimore, MD, US; Bissen, LU || Very granular scaling of system resources (e.g. RAM, disk space); IPv6-only option available; you can supply your own install image, version based on keyring package version ||<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gigatux.com/virtual.php GigaTux] || [https://www.gigatux.com/distro/ 2013.06.01] || Xen || Chicago, US-IL; Frankfurt, DE; London, GB; San Jose, US-CA ||<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vr.org/ Host Virtual] || [http://www.vr.org/os/linux-vps/archlinux-vps 2011.08.19] || KVM || [http://www.vr.org/cloud-locations/ Multiple International Locations] || Appears to use KVM virtualization. Site lists "Xen based virtualization" and [http://www.vr.org/features/ features] lists ability to install from ISO.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://hostigation.com/ Hostigation] || [https://hostigation.com/wiki/index.php?title=KVM:Install 2010.05 i686] || OpenVZ, KVM || Charlotte, US-NC; Los Angeles, US-CA || You can [[Migrating Between Architectures Without Reinstalling|migrate to x86_64]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.intovps.com IntoVPS] || 2012.09.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Bucharest, RO; Dallas, US-TX; Fremont, US-CA; London, GB || Blog has not been updated since September, 2012 which included the Arch Linux update.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://leapswitch.com Leapswitch Networks] || [2013.10.xx] || OpenVZ/KVM || USA, India, Portugal, Spain, Ukraine, Germany || ArchLinux currently available in Control Panel for reinstall, not on order form. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.linode.com Linode.com] || [https://www.linode.com/faq.cfm 2013.06.xx] || Xen|| [https://www.linode.com/speedtest/ Tokyo, JP; Multiple US; London, GB] || To run a custom kernel, install {{AUR|linux-linode}}. ({{pkg|linux}} will break on a 32-bit Linode.)<br />
|-<br />
| [http://lylix.net/ LYLIX] || [http://lylix.net/archlinux 2014.01.xx] || OpenVZ || Multiple US; Europe || 32-bit and 64-bit available <br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.nodedeploy.com Node Deploy] || 2014.10.01 || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE); Los Angeles, US-CA; Atlanta, US-GA; Phoenix, US-AZ || "At NodeDeploy we support virtually every linux distribution." Arch Linux is listed under their Operating Systems. No version information.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://netcup.de Netcup] || 2012.11.xx || KVM || Germany (DE)|| German language site. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://onepoundwebhosting.co.uk OnePoundWebHosting] || 2013.05.xx || Xen PV, Xen HVM || United Kingdom (UK) || They are a registrar too. Unable to verify server locations.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.proplay.biz/ proPlay.de] || 2012.12.xx || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE) || German language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.quickvz.com QuickVZ] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ, Xen || Amsterdam, Netherlands (NL); Stockholm, Sweden (SE) || Provide hardened Arch Linux images along with Enterprise services (e,g. VPN, Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) and Virtual Routers.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/cloud_hosting_products/servers/ Rackspace Cloud] || 2013.6 || Xen || [https://www.rackspace.com/whyrackspace/network/datacenters/ Multiple international locations] || Billed per hour. Use their "next gen" VPSes (using the mycloud.rackspace.com panel); the Arch image on the first gen Rackspace VPSes is out of date.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramhost.us RamHost.us] || [http://www.ramhost.us/?page=news 2013.05.01] || OpenVZ, KVM || Los Angeles, US-CA; Great Britain (GB); Atlanta, US-GA; Germany (DE) || You can request a newer ISO on RamHost's IRC network.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramnode.com RamNode] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=48 2013.07.01] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=39 SSD and SSD Cached:] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=52 OpenVZ, KVM] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=18 Seattle, WA USA, Atlanta, GA USA] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=66 You can request Host/CPU passthrough with KVM service.] [http://www.ramnode.com/about.php Customer service has been prompt and professional.] [https://twitter.com/search?q=ramnode%20code&src=typd Regular discount codes can be found (15-35% off).] [http://www.ramnode.com/index.php Modern hardware.] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/cart.php?carttpl=svz Competitive pricing (before discounts).]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.tilaa.nl/ Tilaa] || 2014.10.01 || [https://www.tilaa.com/pages/vps/technology KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English or Dutch language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.transip.eu/ TransIP] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-os/ 2013.05.01] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-technology/ KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English language site. Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/ XenVZ] || 2009.12.07 || OpenVZ, Xen || United Kingdom (UK), United States (US) || [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/faq.php#use2 Hardware]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.virpus.com/ Virpus] || [http://virpus.com/linux-vps.php 2014.11.07] || Xen || Kansas City, US-KS; Los Angeles, US-CA || A subcompany of Wow Technologies, Inc. 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email, Phone, and Ticket System. Service starts at $5/month.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vmline.pl/ Vmline] || 2013.09.01 || KVM, OpenVZ || Kraków, PL || [http://www.s-net.pl/en/ S-Net] reseller. Full virtualization. Polish language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vpsbg.eu/ VPSBG.eu] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ || [https://vpsbg.eu/en/index.php?page=vps-datacenter Sofia, Bulgaria] || Offshore VPS in Bulgaria - anonymous registrations and Bitcoin are accepted.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vps6.net/ VPS6.NET] || 2013.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps6.net/network/ Multiple US]; Frankfurt, DE; Bucharest, RO; Istanbul, TR || Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vps.net/ VPS.NET] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps.net/cloud-datacenter-locations US, Canada, UK, Brazil, Netherlands, France, Germany, Japan, Singapore, India, Austrlia]; Multiple || Managed & Un managed VPS service provider, multiple OS and configurations..<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Installation==<br />
<br />
===KVM===<br />
{{Expansion|Are there instructions specific to VPSes?}}<br />
See [[QEMU#Preparing an (Arch) Linux guest]].<br />
<br />
===OpenVZ===<br />
<br />
====Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider====<br />
<br />
{{Warning|See the [[#top|above warning]] about older kernel builds and systemd.}}<br />
<br />
It's possible to directly copy an installation of Arch Linux over the top of a working OpenVZ VPS. This tutorial explains how to create a basic installation of Arch Linux with {{ic|pacstrap}} (as used in a standard install) and then replace the contents of a target VPS with it using [[rsync]].<br />
<br />
This process (with minor modification) also works to migrate existing Arch installations between various environments and has been confirmed to work in migrating from OpenVZ to Xen and from Xen to OpenVZ. For an install to Xen, other hardware-virtualized platforms, or probably even to physical hardware (unconfirmed), extra steps (basically running {{ic|mkinitcpio}} and [[Boot loaders|installing a bootloader]]) are needed.<br />
<br />
=====Prerequisites=====<br />
<br />
* A working Arch Linux installation<br />
** To keep things simple, it should match the architecture you want to install on your VPS (x86_64 or i686).<br />
** To build from other distributions, [[Archbootstrap|arch-bootstrap.sh]] can be used in place of {{ic|pacstrap}}.<br />
* The {{Pkg|arch-install-scripts}}, {{Pkg|rsync}}, and {{Pkg|openssh}} packages from the [[official repositories]]<br />
** SSH isn't strictly required, but rsync over SSH is the method used here.<br />
* A VPS running any distribution, with {{ic|rsync}} and a working SSH server<br />
** Its architecture (x86_64 or i686) doesn't matter as long as the OpenVZ installation can support your target architecture.<br />
* OpenVZ's serial console feature (usually accessible via your provider's control panel)<br />
** Without this, any network configuration for the target VPS will have to be done immediately after the "Build" step below.<br />
<br />
=====Building a clean Arch Linux installation=====<br />
<br />
As root, build the installation (optionally replacing {{ic|build}} with your preferred target directory):<br />
<br />
# mkdir build<br />
# pacstrap -cd build<br />
<br />
Other tweaks for the {{ic|pacstrap}} command:<br />
<br />
*{{ic|-C custom-pacman-config.conf}} - Use a custom pacman configuration file. By default, pacstrap builds according to your local pacman.conf. This determines the architecture (i686 or x86_64) of the build, the mirror list, etc.<br />
*{{ic|-B}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman keyring to the new build. If you use this option, you'll need to run {{ic|pacman-key --init}} and {{ic|pacman-key --populate archlinux}} in the [[Virtual Private Server#Configuration|Configuration]] step to set up the keyring.<br />
*{{ic|-M}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman mirror list to the new build.<br />
<br />
=====Replacing everything on the VPS with the Arch build=====<br />
<br />
Replace all files, directories, etc. on your target VPS with the contents of your {{ic|build}} directory (replacing "YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS" below):<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Be careful with the following command. By design, {{ic|rsync}} is very destructive, especially with any of the {{ic|--delete}} options.}}<br />
<br />
# rsync -ax --delete-delay -e ssh --stats -P build/ YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS:/<br />
<br />
Explanation of options:<br />
<br />
At minimum, only the {{ic|-a}} (preserve timestamps, permissions, etc.), {{ic|-x}} (don't cross filesystem boundaries), and {{ic|--delete}} (delete anything in the target that doesn't exist in the source) options are required. The {{ic|--delete-delay}} option is an alternate deletion mode which waits to delete anything until the synchronization is otherwise complete; this isn't necessary but may reduce the risk of a slow transfer causing the target VPS to lock-up. The {{ic|-e ssh}} (use rsync over SSH) option is recommended and makes things simple. The {{ic|--stats}} and {{ic|-P}} options are just to show more information.<br />
<br />
=====Configuration=====<br />
<br />
# Reboot the VPS externally (using your provider's control panel, for example).<br />
# Using OpenVZ's serial console feature, configure the [[Network configuration|network]] and [[Installation_guide#Configure_the_system|basic system settings]] (ignoring fstab generation and arch-chroot steps).<br />
#* If you don't have access to the serial console feature, you'll need to preconfigure your network settings before synchronizing Arch to the VPS.<br />
<br />
===Xen===<br />
{{Expansion|Are there instructions specific to VPSes?}}<br />
See [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PVHVM mode)]] and/or [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PV mode)]].</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux_on_a_VPS&diff=356771Arch Linux on a VPS2015-01-17T06:56:20Z<p>Spaike97: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Getting and installing Arch]]<br />
[[Category:Virtualization]]<br />
{{Related articles start}}<br />
{{Related|Comprehensive Server Guide}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
[[ja:Virtual Private Server(日本語)]]<br />
[[zh-CN:Virtual Private Server(简体中文)]]<br />
From [[Wikipedia:Virtual private server]]:<br />
<br />
:''Virtual private server (VPS) is a term used by Internet hosting services to refer to a virtual machine. The term is used for emphasizing that the virtual machine, although running in software on the same physical computer as other customers' virtual machines, is in many respects functionally equivalent to a separate physical computer, is dedicated to the individual customer's needs, has the privacy of a separate physical computer, and can be configured to run server software.''<br />
<br />
This article discusses the use of Arch Linux on Virtual Private Servers, and includes some fixes and installation instructions specific to VPSes.<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Linux 2.6.32 is not supported by systemd since version 205 (and won't work with systemd-212 or higher). Since many container-based virtualization environments rely on older kernels, it may be impossible to keep an Arch Linux install up-to-date in such an environment. However, OpenVZ, as of [http://openvz.org/Download/kernel/rhel6/042stab094.7 kernel build 042stab094.7], has backported the CLOCK_BOOTTIME feature and now works with the latest systemd.}}<br />
<br />
==Providers that offer Arch Linux==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|We cannot vouch for the honesty or quality of any provider. Please conduct due diligence before ordering.}}<br />
{{Note|This list is for providers with a convenient Arch Linux template. Using Arch on other providers is possible but requires more work. Example methods include loading custom disc images (requires hardware virtualization such as in Xen or KVM), [[Installation guide|installing under chroot]], or [[Virtual Private Server#Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider|using rsync to synchronize Arch over the top of another distribution]].}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Provider !! Arch Release !! Virtualization !! Locations !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.milesweb.com/vps-hosting.php A MilesWeb VPS] || 2013.10.14 || OpenVZ || Europe, India, US || Latest Arch Linux available on OpenVZ platform. Quick setup, 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email and Phone. VPS starts from $20 / mo<br />
|-<br />
| [http://123systems.net 123 Systems] || 2010.05.xx || OpenVZ || Dallas, US-TX || Arch available as a selection upon reinstall. Very old (2.6.18-308) kernel - See [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|OpenVZ troubleshooting]]. Limited information available before purchase. Cannot verify Arch Linux version without purchase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://ausweb.com.au AUSWEB] || Latest Only (clarify?) || VMware ESXi || Sydney, AU || Latest ISO (clarify?) of Arch Available. Enterprise Service. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.affinity.net.nz affinity.net.nz] || 2013.08.01 || KVM || Auckland, New Zealand (NZ) || IRC channel is #affinity on ircs.kiwicon.org<br />
|-<br />
| [http://afterburst.com/ Afterburst] || 2012.12.01 || OpenVZ || Miami, US-FL; Nuremberg, DE || Formerly FanaticalVPS, kernel version depends on what node your VPS is on, the ones in Miami are fine (2.6.32-042stab072.10) but some of the ones in Germany require a [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|custom glibc]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.buyvm.net/ BuyVM] || 2013.07.01 || KVM || LA, Buffalo NY || Must chose a different OS at sign up. Once accessible, choose to mount the latest Arch ISO and reboot to install manually. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://en.edis.at/ Edis] || [http://www.edis.at/en/support-and-service/faq/server-faq/which-distributions-are-available-with-edis-kvm-vps-plans/ 2013.03.01] || vServer, KVM, OpenVZ || [http://www.edis.at/en/server/kvm-vps/austria/ Multiple international locations]. || Also offer dedicated server options as well as an "off-shore" location at the Isle of Man (IM).<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.directvps.nl/ DirectVPS] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Rotterdam, NL || Dutch language site. Version verifyable by clicking through https://www.directvps.nl/try-1.plp?p=31<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gandi.net/hosting/ Gandi] || 2013.10.27 || Xen || Paris, FR; Baltimore, MD, US; Bissen, LU || Very granular scaling of system resources (e.g. RAM, disk space); IPv6-only option available; you can supply your own install image, version based on keyring package version ||<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gigatux.com/virtual.php GigaTux] || [https://www.gigatux.com/distro/ 2013.06.01] || Xen || Chicago, US-IL; Frankfurt, DE; London, GB; San Jose, US-CA ||<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vr.org/ Host Virtual] || [http://www.vr.org/os/linux-vps/archlinux-vps 2011.08.19] || KVM || [http://www.vr.org/cloud-locations/ Multiple International Locations] || Appears to use KVM virtualization. Site lists "Xen based virtualization" and [http://www.vr.org/features/ features] lists ability to install from ISO.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://hostigation.com/ Hostigation] || [https://hostigation.com/wiki/index.php?title=KVM:Install 2010.05 i686] || OpenVZ, KVM || Charlotte, US-NC; Los Angeles, US-CA || You can [[Migrating Between Architectures Without Reinstalling|migrate to x86_64]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.intovps.com IntoVPS] || 2012.09.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Bucharest, RO; Dallas, US-TX; Fremont, US-CA; London, GB || Blog has not been updated since September, 2012 which included the Arch Linux update.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://leapswitch.com Leapswitch Networks] || [2013.10.xx] || OpenVZ/KVM || USA, India, Portugal, Spain, Ukraine, Germany || ArchLinux currently available in Control Panel for reinstall, not on order form. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.linode.com Linode.com] || [https://www.linode.com/faq.cfm 2013.06.xx] || Xen|| [https://www.linode.com/speedtest/ Tokyo, JP; Multiple US; London, GB] || To run a custom kernel, install {{AUR|linux-linode}}. ({{pkg|linux}} will break on a 32-bit Linode.)<br />
|-<br />
| [http://lylix.net/ LYLIX] || [http://lylix.net/archlinux 2014.01.xx] || OpenVZ || Multiple US; Europe || 32-bit and 64-bit available <br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.nodedeploy.com Node Deploy] || 2014.10.01 || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE); Los Angeles, US-CA; Atlanta, US-GA; Phoenix, US-AZ || "At NodeDeploy we support virtually every linux distribution." Arch Linux is listed under their Operating Systems. No version information.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://netcup.de Netcup] || 2012.11.xx || KVM || Germany (DE)|| German language site. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://onepoundwebhosting.co.uk OnePoundWebHosting] || 2013.05.xx || Xen PV, Xen HVM || United Kingdom (UK) || They are a registrar too. Unable to verify server locations.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.proplay.biz/ proPlay.de] || 2012.12.xx || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE) || German language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.quickvz.com QuickVZ] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ, Xen || Amsterdam, Netherlands (NL); Stockholm, Sweden (SE) || Provide hardened Arch Linux images along with Enterprise services (e,g. VPN, Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) and Virtual Routers.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/cloud_hosting_products/servers/ Rackspace Cloud] || 2013.6 || Xen || [https://www.rackspace.com/whyrackspace/network/datacenters/ Multiple international locations] || Billed per hour. Use their "next gen" VPSes (using the mycloud.rackspace.com panel); the Arch image on the first gen Rackspace VPSes is out of date.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramhost.us RamHost.us] || [http://www.ramhost.us/?page=news 2013.05.01] || OpenVZ, KVM || Los Angeles, US-CA; Great Britain (GB); Atlanta, US-GA; Germany (DE) || You can request a newer ISO on RamHost's IRC network.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramnode.com RamNode] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=48 2013.07.01] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=39 SSD and SSD Cached:] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=52 OpenVZ, KVM] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=18 Seattle, WA USA, Atlanta, GA USA] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=66 You can request Host/CPU passthrough with KVM service.] [http://www.ramnode.com/about.php Customer service has been prompt and professional.] [https://twitter.com/search?q=ramnode%20code&src=typd Regular discount codes can be found (15-35% off).] [http://www.ramnode.com/index.php Modern hardware.] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/cart.php?carttpl=svz Competitive pricing (before discounts).]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.tilaa.nl/ Tilaa] || 2014.10.01 || [https://www.tilaa.com/pages/vps/technology KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English or Dutch language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.transip.eu/ TransIP] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-os/ 2013.05.01] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-technology/ KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English language site. Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/ XenVZ] || 2009.12.07 || OpenVZ, Xen || United Kingdom (UK), United States (US) || [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/faq.php#use2 Hardware]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.virpus.com/ Virpus] || [http://virpus.com/linux-vps.php 2014.11.07] || Xen || Kansas City, US-KS; Los Angeles, US-CA || A subcompany of Wow Technologies, Inc. 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email, Phone, and Ticket System. Service starts at $5/month.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vmline.pl/ Vmline] || 2013.09.01 || KVM, OpenVZ || Kraków, PL || [http://www.s-net.pl/en/ S-Net] reseller. Full virtualization. Polish language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vpsbg.eu/ VPSBG.eu] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ || [https://vpsbg.eu/en/index.php?page=vps-datacenter Sofia, Bulgaria] || Offshore VPS in Bulgaria - anonymous registrations and Bitcoin are accepted.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vps6.net/ VPS6.NET] || 2013.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps6.net/network/ Multiple US]; Frankfurt, DE; Bucharest, RO; Istanbul, TR || Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vps.net/ VPS.NET] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps.net/cloud-datacenter-locations US, Canada, UK, Brazil, Netherlands, France, Germany, Japan, Singapore, India, Austrlia]; Multiple || Managed & Un managed VPS service provider, multiple OS and configurations..<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Installation==<br />
<br />
===KVM===<br />
{{Expansion|Are there instructions specific to VPSes?}}<br />
See [[QEMU#Preparing an (Arch) Linux guest]].<br />
<br />
===OpenVZ===<br />
<br />
====Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider====<br />
<br />
{{Warning|See the [[#top|above warning]] about older kernel builds and systemd.}}<br />
<br />
It's possible to directly copy an installation of Arch Linux over the top of a working OpenVZ VPS. This tutorial explains how to create a basic installation of Arch Linux with {{ic|pacstrap}} (as used in a standard install) and then replace the contents of a target VPS with it using [[rsync]].<br />
<br />
This process (with minor modification) also works to migrate existing Arch installations between various environments and has been confirmed to work in migrating from OpenVZ to Xen and from Xen to OpenVZ. For an install to Xen, other hardware-virtualized platforms, or probably even to physical hardware (unconfirmed), extra steps (basically running {{ic|mkinitcpio}} and [[Boot loaders|installing a bootloader]]) are needed.<br />
<br />
=====Prerequisites=====<br />
<br />
* A working Arch Linux installation<br />
** To keep things simple, it should match the architecture you want to install on your VPS (x86_64 or i686).<br />
** To build from other distributions, [[Archbootstrap|arch-bootstrap.sh]] can be used in place of {{ic|pacstrap}}.<br />
* The {{Pkg|arch-install-scripts}}, {{Pkg|rsync}}, and {{Pkg|openssh}} packages from the [[official repositories]]<br />
** SSH isn't strictly required, but rsync over SSH is the method used here.<br />
* A VPS running any distribution, with {{ic|rsync}} and a working SSH server<br />
** Its architecture (x86_64 or i686) doesn't matter as long as the OpenVZ installation can support your target architecture.<br />
* OpenVZ's serial console feature (usually accessible via your provider's control panel)<br />
** Without this, any network configuration for the target VPS will have to be done immediately after the "Build" step below.<br />
<br />
=====Building a clean Arch Linux installation=====<br />
<br />
As root, build the installation (optionally replacing {{ic|build}} with your preferred target directory):<br />
<br />
# mkdir build<br />
# pacstrap -cd build<br />
<br />
Other tweaks for the {{ic|pacstrap}} command:<br />
<br />
*{{ic|-C custom-pacman-config.conf}} - Use a custom pacman configuration file. By default, pacstrap builds according to your local pacman.conf. This determines the architecture (i686 or x86_64) of the build, the mirror list, etc.<br />
*{{ic|-B}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman keyring to the new build. If you use this option, you'll need to run {{ic|pacman-key --init}} and {{ic|pacman-key --populate archlinux}} in the [[Virtual Private Server#Configuration|Configuration]] step to set up the keyring.<br />
*{{ic|-M}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman mirror list to the new build.<br />
<br />
=====Replacing everything on the VPS with the Arch build=====<br />
<br />
Replace all files, directories, etc. on your target VPS with the contents of your {{ic|build}} directory (replacing "YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS" below):<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Be careful with the following command. By design, {{ic|rsync}} is very destructive, especially with any of the {{ic|--delete}} options.}}<br />
<br />
# rsync -ax --delete-delay -e ssh --stats -P build/ YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS:/<br />
<br />
Explanation of options:<br />
<br />
At minimum, only the {{ic|-a}} (preserve timestamps, permissions, etc.), {{ic|-x}} (don't cross filesystem boundaries), and {{ic|--delete}} (delete anything in the target that doesn't exist in the source) options are required. The {{ic|--delete-delay}} option is an alternate deletion mode which waits to delete anything until the synchronization is otherwise complete; this isn't necessary but may reduce the risk of a slow transfer causing the target VPS to lock-up. The {{ic|-e ssh}} (use rsync over SSH) option is recommended and makes things simple. The {{ic|--stats}} and {{ic|-P}} options are just to show more information.<br />
<br />
=====Configuration=====<br />
<br />
# Reboot the VPS externally (using your provider's control panel, for example).<br />
# Using OpenVZ's serial console feature, configure the [[Network configuration|network]] and [[Installation_guide#Configure_the_system|basic system settings]] (ignoring fstab generation and arch-chroot steps).<br />
#* If you don't have access to the serial console feature, you'll need to preconfigure your network settings before synchronizing Arch to the VPS.<br />
<br />
===Xen===<br />
{{Expansion|Are there instructions specific to VPSes?}}<br />
See [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PVHVM mode)]] and/or [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PV mode)]].</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux_on_a_VPS&diff=356770Arch Linux on a VPS2015-01-17T06:55:33Z<p>Spaike97: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Getting and installing Arch]]<br />
[[Category:Virtualization]]<br />
{{Related articles start}}<br />
{{Related|Comprehensive Server Guide}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
[[ja:Virtual Private Server (日本語)]]<br />
[[zh-CN:Virtual Private Server (简体中文)]]<br />
From [[Wikipedia:Virtual private server]]:<br />
<br />
:''Virtual private server (VPS) is a term used by Internet hosting services to refer to a virtual machine. The term is used for emphasizing that the virtual machine, although running in software on the same physical computer as other customers' virtual machines, is in many respects functionally equivalent to a separate physical computer, is dedicated to the individual customer's needs, has the privacy of a separate physical computer, and can be configured to run server software.''<br />
<br />
This article discusses the use of Arch Linux on Virtual Private Servers, and includes some fixes and installation instructions specific to VPSes.<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Linux 2.6.32 is not supported by systemd since version 205 (and won't work with systemd-212 or higher). Since many container-based virtualization environments rely on older kernels, it may be impossible to keep an Arch Linux install up-to-date in such an environment. However, OpenVZ, as of [http://openvz.org/Download/kernel/rhel6/042stab094.7 kernel build 042stab094.7], has backported the CLOCK_BOOTTIME feature and now works with the latest systemd.}}<br />
<br />
==Providers that offer Arch Linux==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|We cannot vouch for the honesty or quality of any provider. Please conduct due diligence before ordering.}}<br />
{{Note|This list is for providers with a convenient Arch Linux template. Using Arch on other providers is possible but requires more work. Example methods include loading custom disc images (requires hardware virtualization such as in Xen or KVM), [[Installation guide|installing under chroot]], or [[Virtual Private Server#Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider|using rsync to synchronize Arch over the top of another distribution]].}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Provider !! Arch Release !! Virtualization !! Locations !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.milesweb.com/vps-hosting.php A MilesWeb VPS] || 2013.10.14 || OpenVZ || Europe, India, US || Latest Arch Linux available on OpenVZ platform. Quick setup, 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email and Phone. VPS starts from $20 / mo<br />
|-<br />
| [http://123systems.net 123 Systems] || 2010.05.xx || OpenVZ || Dallas, US-TX || Arch available as a selection upon reinstall. Very old (2.6.18-308) kernel - See [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|OpenVZ troubleshooting]]. Limited information available before purchase. Cannot verify Arch Linux version without purchase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://ausweb.com.au AUSWEB] || Latest Only (clarify?) || VMware ESXi || Sydney, AU || Latest ISO (clarify?) of Arch Available. Enterprise Service. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.affinity.net.nz affinity.net.nz] || 2013.08.01 || KVM || Auckland, New Zealand (NZ) || IRC channel is #affinity on ircs.kiwicon.org<br />
|-<br />
| [http://afterburst.com/ Afterburst] || 2012.12.01 || OpenVZ || Miami, US-FL; Nuremberg, DE || Formerly FanaticalVPS, kernel version depends on what node your VPS is on, the ones in Miami are fine (2.6.32-042stab072.10) but some of the ones in Germany require a [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|custom glibc]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.buyvm.net/ BuyVM] || 2013.07.01 || KVM || LA, Buffalo NY || Must chose a different OS at sign up. Once accessible, choose to mount the latest Arch ISO and reboot to install manually. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://en.edis.at/ Edis] || [http://www.edis.at/en/support-and-service/faq/server-faq/which-distributions-are-available-with-edis-kvm-vps-plans/ 2013.03.01] || vServer, KVM, OpenVZ || [http://www.edis.at/en/server/kvm-vps/austria/ Multiple international locations]. || Also offer dedicated server options as well as an "off-shore" location at the Isle of Man (IM).<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.directvps.nl/ DirectVPS] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Rotterdam, NL || Dutch language site. Version verifyable by clicking through https://www.directvps.nl/try-1.plp?p=31<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gandi.net/hosting/ Gandi] || 2013.10.27 || Xen || Paris, FR; Baltimore, MD, US; Bissen, LU || Very granular scaling of system resources (e.g. RAM, disk space); IPv6-only option available; you can supply your own install image, version based on keyring package version ||<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gigatux.com/virtual.php GigaTux] || [https://www.gigatux.com/distro/ 2013.06.01] || Xen || Chicago, US-IL; Frankfurt, DE; London, GB; San Jose, US-CA ||<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vr.org/ Host Virtual] || [http://www.vr.org/os/linux-vps/archlinux-vps 2011.08.19] || KVM || [http://www.vr.org/cloud-locations/ Multiple International Locations] || Appears to use KVM virtualization. Site lists "Xen based virtualization" and [http://www.vr.org/features/ features] lists ability to install from ISO.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://hostigation.com/ Hostigation] || [https://hostigation.com/wiki/index.php?title=KVM:Install 2010.05 i686] || OpenVZ, KVM || Charlotte, US-NC; Los Angeles, US-CA || You can [[Migrating Between Architectures Without Reinstalling|migrate to x86_64]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.intovps.com IntoVPS] || 2012.09.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Bucharest, RO; Dallas, US-TX; Fremont, US-CA; London, GB || Blog has not been updated since September, 2012 which included the Arch Linux update.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://leapswitch.com Leapswitch Networks] || [2013.10.xx] || OpenVZ/KVM || USA, India, Portugal, Spain, Ukraine, Germany || ArchLinux currently available in Control Panel for reinstall, not on order form. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.linode.com Linode.com] || [https://www.linode.com/faq.cfm 2013.06.xx] || Xen|| [https://www.linode.com/speedtest/ Tokyo, JP; Multiple US; London, GB] || To run a custom kernel, install {{AUR|linux-linode}}. ({{pkg|linux}} will break on a 32-bit Linode.)<br />
|-<br />
| [http://lylix.net/ LYLIX] || [http://lylix.net/archlinux 2014.01.xx] || OpenVZ || Multiple US; Europe || 32-bit and 64-bit available <br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.nodedeploy.com Node Deploy] || 2014.10.01 || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE); Los Angeles, US-CA; Atlanta, US-GA; Phoenix, US-AZ || "At NodeDeploy we support virtually every linux distribution." Arch Linux is listed under their Operating Systems. No version information.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://netcup.de Netcup] || 2012.11.xx || KVM || Germany (DE)|| German language site. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://onepoundwebhosting.co.uk OnePoundWebHosting] || 2013.05.xx || Xen PV, Xen HVM || United Kingdom (UK) || They are a registrar too. Unable to verify server locations.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.proplay.biz/ proPlay.de] || 2012.12.xx || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE) || German language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.quickvz.com QuickVZ] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ, Xen || Amsterdam, Netherlands (NL); Stockholm, Sweden (SE) || Provide hardened Arch Linux images along with Enterprise services (e,g. VPN, Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) and Virtual Routers.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/cloud_hosting_products/servers/ Rackspace Cloud] || 2013.6 || Xen || [https://www.rackspace.com/whyrackspace/network/datacenters/ Multiple international locations] || Billed per hour. Use their "next gen" VPSes (using the mycloud.rackspace.com panel); the Arch image on the first gen Rackspace VPSes is out of date.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramhost.us RamHost.us] || [http://www.ramhost.us/?page=news 2013.05.01] || OpenVZ, KVM || Los Angeles, US-CA; Great Britain (GB); Atlanta, US-GA; Germany (DE) || You can request a newer ISO on RamHost's IRC network.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramnode.com RamNode] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=48 2013.07.01] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=39 SSD and SSD Cached:] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=52 OpenVZ, KVM] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=18 Seattle, WA USA, Atlanta, GA USA] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=66 You can request Host/CPU passthrough with KVM service.] [http://www.ramnode.com/about.php Customer service has been prompt and professional.] [https://twitter.com/search?q=ramnode%20code&src=typd Regular discount codes can be found (15-35% off).] [http://www.ramnode.com/index.php Modern hardware.] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/cart.php?carttpl=svz Competitive pricing (before discounts).]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.tilaa.nl/ Tilaa] || 2014.10.01 || [https://www.tilaa.com/pages/vps/technology KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English or Dutch language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.transip.eu/ TransIP] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-os/ 2013.05.01] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-technology/ KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English language site. Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/ XenVZ] || 2009.12.07 || OpenVZ, Xen || United Kingdom (UK), United States (US) || [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/faq.php#use2 Hardware]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.virpus.com/ Virpus] || [http://virpus.com/linux-vps.php 2014.11.07] || Xen || Kansas City, US-KS; Los Angeles, US-CA || A subcompany of Wow Technologies, Inc. 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email, Phone, and Ticket System. Service starts at $5/month.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vmline.pl/ Vmline] || 2013.09.01 || KVM, OpenVZ || Kraków, PL || [http://www.s-net.pl/en/ S-Net] reseller. Full virtualization. Polish language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vpsbg.eu/ VPSBG.eu] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ || [https://vpsbg.eu/en/index.php?page=vps-datacenter Sofia, Bulgaria] || Offshore VPS in Bulgaria - anonymous registrations and Bitcoin are accepted.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vps6.net/ VPS6.NET] || 2013.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps6.net/network/ Multiple US]; Frankfurt, DE; Bucharest, RO; Istanbul, TR || Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vps.net/ VPS.NET] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps.net/cloud-datacenter-locations US, Canada, UK, Brazil, Netherlands, France, Germany, Japan, Singapore, India, Austrlia]; Multiple || Managed & Un managed VPS service provider, multiple OS and configurations..<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Installation==<br />
<br />
===KVM===<br />
{{Expansion|Are there instructions specific to VPSes?}}<br />
See [[QEMU#Preparing an (Arch) Linux guest]].<br />
<br />
===OpenVZ===<br />
<br />
====Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider====<br />
<br />
{{Warning|See the [[#top|above warning]] about older kernel builds and systemd.}}<br />
<br />
It's possible to directly copy an installation of Arch Linux over the top of a working OpenVZ VPS. This tutorial explains how to create a basic installation of Arch Linux with {{ic|pacstrap}} (as used in a standard install) and then replace the contents of a target VPS with it using [[rsync]].<br />
<br />
This process (with minor modification) also works to migrate existing Arch installations between various environments and has been confirmed to work in migrating from OpenVZ to Xen and from Xen to OpenVZ. For an install to Xen, other hardware-virtualized platforms, or probably even to physical hardware (unconfirmed), extra steps (basically running {{ic|mkinitcpio}} and [[Boot loaders|installing a bootloader]]) are needed.<br />
<br />
=====Prerequisites=====<br />
<br />
* A working Arch Linux installation<br />
** To keep things simple, it should match the architecture you want to install on your VPS (x86_64 or i686).<br />
** To build from other distributions, [[Archbootstrap|arch-bootstrap.sh]] can be used in place of {{ic|pacstrap}}.<br />
* The {{Pkg|arch-install-scripts}}, {{Pkg|rsync}}, and {{Pkg|openssh}} packages from the [[official repositories]]<br />
** SSH isn't strictly required, but rsync over SSH is the method used here.<br />
* A VPS running any distribution, with {{ic|rsync}} and a working SSH server<br />
** Its architecture (x86_64 or i686) doesn't matter as long as the OpenVZ installation can support your target architecture.<br />
* OpenVZ's serial console feature (usually accessible via your provider's control panel)<br />
** Without this, any network configuration for the target VPS will have to be done immediately after the "Build" step below.<br />
<br />
=====Building a clean Arch Linux installation=====<br />
<br />
As root, build the installation (optionally replacing {{ic|build}} with your preferred target directory):<br />
<br />
# mkdir build<br />
# pacstrap -cd build<br />
<br />
Other tweaks for the {{ic|pacstrap}} command:<br />
<br />
*{{ic|-C custom-pacman-config.conf}} - Use a custom pacman configuration file. By default, pacstrap builds according to your local pacman.conf. This determines the architecture (i686 or x86_64) of the build, the mirror list, etc.<br />
*{{ic|-B}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman keyring to the new build. If you use this option, you'll need to run {{ic|pacman-key --init}} and {{ic|pacman-key --populate archlinux}} in the [[Virtual Private Server#Configuration|Configuration]] step to set up the keyring.<br />
*{{ic|-M}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman mirror list to the new build.<br />
<br />
=====Replacing everything on the VPS with the Arch build=====<br />
<br />
Replace all files, directories, etc. on your target VPS with the contents of your {{ic|build}} directory (replacing "YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS" below):<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Be careful with the following command. By design, {{ic|rsync}} is very destructive, especially with any of the {{ic|--delete}} options.}}<br />
<br />
# rsync -ax --delete-delay -e ssh --stats -P build/ YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS:/<br />
<br />
Explanation of options:<br />
<br />
At minimum, only the {{ic|-a}} (preserve timestamps, permissions, etc.), {{ic|-x}} (don't cross filesystem boundaries), and {{ic|--delete}} (delete anything in the target that doesn't exist in the source) options are required. The {{ic|--delete-delay}} option is an alternate deletion mode which waits to delete anything until the synchronization is otherwise complete; this isn't necessary but may reduce the risk of a slow transfer causing the target VPS to lock-up. The {{ic|-e ssh}} (use rsync over SSH) option is recommended and makes things simple. The {{ic|--stats}} and {{ic|-P}} options are just to show more information.<br />
<br />
=====Configuration=====<br />
<br />
# Reboot the VPS externally (using your provider's control panel, for example).<br />
# Using OpenVZ's serial console feature, configure the [[Network configuration|network]] and [[Installation_guide#Configure_the_system|basic system settings]] (ignoring fstab generation and arch-chroot steps).<br />
#* If you don't have access to the serial console feature, you'll need to preconfigure your network settings before synchronizing Arch to the VPS.<br />
<br />
===Xen===<br />
{{Expansion|Are there instructions specific to VPSes?}}<br />
See [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PVHVM mode)]] and/or [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PV mode)]].</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Arch_Linux_on_a_VPS&diff=356769Arch Linux on a VPS2015-01-17T06:54:59Z<p>Spaike97: start localizing + tagging for jpn version</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Getting and installing Arch]]<br />
[[Category:Virtualization]]<br />
{{Related articles start}}<br />
{{Related|Comprehensive Server Guide}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
[[ja:Virtual Private Server(日本語)]]<br />
[[zh-CN:Virtual Private Server(简体中文)]]<br />
From [[Wikipedia:Virtual private server]]:<br />
<br />
:''Virtual private server (VPS) is a term used by Internet hosting services to refer to a virtual machine. The term is used for emphasizing that the virtual machine, although running in software on the same physical computer as other customers' virtual machines, is in many respects functionally equivalent to a separate physical computer, is dedicated to the individual customer's needs, has the privacy of a separate physical computer, and can be configured to run server software.''<br />
<br />
This article discusses the use of Arch Linux on Virtual Private Servers, and includes some fixes and installation instructions specific to VPSes.<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Linux 2.6.32 is not supported by systemd since version 205 (and won't work with systemd-212 or higher). Since many container-based virtualization environments rely on older kernels, it may be impossible to keep an Arch Linux install up-to-date in such an environment. However, OpenVZ, as of [http://openvz.org/Download/kernel/rhel6/042stab094.7 kernel build 042stab094.7], has backported the CLOCK_BOOTTIME feature and now works with the latest systemd.}}<br />
<br />
==Providers that offer Arch Linux==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|We cannot vouch for the honesty or quality of any provider. Please conduct due diligence before ordering.}}<br />
{{Note|This list is for providers with a convenient Arch Linux template. Using Arch on other providers is possible but requires more work. Example methods include loading custom disc images (requires hardware virtualization such as in Xen or KVM), [[Installation guide|installing under chroot]], or [[Virtual Private Server#Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider|using rsync to synchronize Arch over the top of another distribution]].}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Provider !! Arch Release !! Virtualization !! Locations !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.milesweb.com/vps-hosting.php A MilesWeb VPS] || 2013.10.14 || OpenVZ || Europe, India, US || Latest Arch Linux available on OpenVZ platform. Quick setup, 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email and Phone. VPS starts from $20 / mo<br />
|-<br />
| [http://123systems.net 123 Systems] || 2010.05.xx || OpenVZ || Dallas, US-TX || Arch available as a selection upon reinstall. Very old (2.6.18-308) kernel - See [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|OpenVZ troubleshooting]]. Limited information available before purchase. Cannot verify Arch Linux version without purchase.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://ausweb.com.au AUSWEB] || Latest Only (clarify?) || VMware ESXi || Sydney, AU || Latest ISO (clarify?) of Arch Available. Enterprise Service. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.affinity.net.nz affinity.net.nz] || 2013.08.01 || KVM || Auckland, New Zealand (NZ) || IRC channel is #affinity on ircs.kiwicon.org<br />
|-<br />
| [http://afterburst.com/ Afterburst] || 2012.12.01 || OpenVZ || Miami, US-FL; Nuremberg, DE || Formerly FanaticalVPS, kernel version depends on what node your VPS is on, the ones in Miami are fine (2.6.32-042stab072.10) but some of the ones in Germany require a [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|custom glibc]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.buyvm.net/ BuyVM] || 2013.07.01 || KVM || LA, Buffalo NY || Must chose a different OS at sign up. Once accessible, choose to mount the latest Arch ISO and reboot to install manually. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://en.edis.at/ Edis] || [http://www.edis.at/en/support-and-service/faq/server-faq/which-distributions-are-available-with-edis-kvm-vps-plans/ 2013.03.01] || vServer, KVM, OpenVZ || [http://www.edis.at/en/server/kvm-vps/austria/ Multiple international locations]. || Also offer dedicated server options as well as an "off-shore" location at the Isle of Man (IM).<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.directvps.nl/ DirectVPS] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Rotterdam, NL || Dutch language site. Version verifyable by clicking through https://www.directvps.nl/try-1.plp?p=31<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gandi.net/hosting/ Gandi] || 2013.10.27 || Xen || Paris, FR; Baltimore, MD, US; Bissen, LU || Very granular scaling of system resources (e.g. RAM, disk space); IPv6-only option available; you can supply your own install image, version based on keyring package version ||<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gigatux.com/virtual.php GigaTux] || [https://www.gigatux.com/distro/ 2013.06.01] || Xen || Chicago, US-IL; Frankfurt, DE; London, GB; San Jose, US-CA ||<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vr.org/ Host Virtual] || [http://www.vr.org/os/linux-vps/archlinux-vps 2011.08.19] || KVM || [http://www.vr.org/cloud-locations/ Multiple International Locations] || Appears to use KVM virtualization. Site lists "Xen based virtualization" and [http://www.vr.org/features/ features] lists ability to install from ISO.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://hostigation.com/ Hostigation] || [https://hostigation.com/wiki/index.php?title=KVM:Install 2010.05 i686] || OpenVZ, KVM || Charlotte, US-NC; Los Angeles, US-CA || You can [[Migrating Between Architectures Without Reinstalling|migrate to x86_64]].<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.intovps.com IntoVPS] || 2012.09.xx || OpenVZ || Amsterdam, NL; Bucharest, RO; Dallas, US-TX; Fremont, US-CA; London, GB || Blog has not been updated since September, 2012 which included the Arch Linux update.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://leapswitch.com Leapswitch Networks] || [2013.10.xx] || OpenVZ/KVM || USA, India, Portugal, Spain, Ukraine, Germany || ArchLinux currently available in Control Panel for reinstall, not on order form. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.linode.com Linode.com] || [https://www.linode.com/faq.cfm 2013.06.xx] || Xen|| [https://www.linode.com/speedtest/ Tokyo, JP; Multiple US; London, GB] || To run a custom kernel, install {{AUR|linux-linode}}. ({{pkg|linux}} will break on a 32-bit Linode.)<br />
|-<br />
| [http://lylix.net/ LYLIX] || [http://lylix.net/archlinux 2014.01.xx] || OpenVZ || Multiple US; Europe || 32-bit and 64-bit available <br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.nodedeploy.com Node Deploy] || 2014.10.01 || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE); Los Angeles, US-CA; Atlanta, US-GA; Phoenix, US-AZ || "At NodeDeploy we support virtually every linux distribution." Arch Linux is listed under their Operating Systems. No version information.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://netcup.de Netcup] || 2012.11.xx || KVM || Germany (DE)|| German language site. <br />
|-<br />
| [http://onepoundwebhosting.co.uk OnePoundWebHosting] || 2013.05.xx || Xen PV, Xen HVM || United Kingdom (UK) || They are a registrar too. Unable to verify server locations.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.proplay.biz/ proPlay.de] || 2012.12.xx || OpenVZ, KVM || Germany (DE) || German language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.quickvz.com QuickVZ] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ, Xen || Amsterdam, Netherlands (NL); Stockholm, Sweden (SE) || Provide hardened Arch Linux images along with Enterprise services (e,g. VPN, Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) and Virtual Routers.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/cloud_hosting_products/servers/ Rackspace Cloud] || 2013.6 || Xen || [https://www.rackspace.com/whyrackspace/network/datacenters/ Multiple international locations] || Billed per hour. Use their "next gen" VPSes (using the mycloud.rackspace.com panel); the Arch image on the first gen Rackspace VPSes is out of date.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramhost.us RamHost.us] || [http://www.ramhost.us/?page=news 2013.05.01] || OpenVZ, KVM || Los Angeles, US-CA; Great Britain (GB); Atlanta, US-GA; Germany (DE) || You can request a newer ISO on RamHost's IRC network.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramnode.com RamNode] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=48 2013.07.01] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=39 SSD and SSD Cached:] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=52 OpenVZ, KVM] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=18 Seattle, WA USA, Atlanta, GA USA] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=66 You can request Host/CPU passthrough with KVM service.] [http://www.ramnode.com/about.php Customer service has been prompt and professional.] [https://twitter.com/search?q=ramnode%20code&src=typd Regular discount codes can be found (15-35% off).] [http://www.ramnode.com/index.php Modern hardware.] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/cart.php?carttpl=svz Competitive pricing (before discounts).]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.tilaa.nl/ Tilaa] || 2014.10.01 || [https://www.tilaa.com/pages/vps/technology KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English or Dutch language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.transip.eu/ TransIP] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-os/ 2013.05.01] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-technology/ KVM] || Amsterdam, NL || English language site. Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/ XenVZ] || 2009.12.07 || OpenVZ, Xen || United Kingdom (UK), United States (US) || [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/faq.php#use2 Hardware]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.virpus.com/ Virpus] || [http://virpus.com/linux-vps.php 2014.11.07] || Xen || Kansas City, US-KS; Los Angeles, US-CA || A subcompany of Wow Technologies, Inc. 24/7 support via Live Chat, Email, Phone, and Ticket System. Service starts at $5/month.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vmline.pl/ Vmline] || 2013.09.01 || KVM, OpenVZ || Kraków, PL || [http://www.s-net.pl/en/ S-Net] reseller. Full virtualization. Polish language site.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vpsbg.eu/ VPSBG.eu] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ || [https://vpsbg.eu/en/index.php?page=vps-datacenter Sofia, Bulgaria] || Offshore VPS in Bulgaria - anonymous registrations and Bitcoin are accepted.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vps6.net/ VPS6.NET] || 2013.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps6.net/network/ Multiple US]; Frankfurt, DE; Bucharest, RO; Istanbul, TR || Registrar.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vps.net/ VPS.NET] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps.net/cloud-datacenter-locations US, Canada, UK, Brazil, Netherlands, France, Germany, Japan, Singapore, India, Austrlia]; Multiple || Managed & Un managed VPS service provider, multiple OS and configurations..<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Installation==<br />
<br />
===KVM===<br />
{{Expansion|Are there instructions specific to VPSes?}}<br />
See [[QEMU#Preparing an (Arch) Linux guest]].<br />
<br />
===OpenVZ===<br />
<br />
====Installing the latest Arch Linux on any OpenVZ provider====<br />
<br />
{{Warning|See the [[#top|above warning]] about older kernel builds and systemd.}}<br />
<br />
It's possible to directly copy an installation of Arch Linux over the top of a working OpenVZ VPS. This tutorial explains how to create a basic installation of Arch Linux with {{ic|pacstrap}} (as used in a standard install) and then replace the contents of a target VPS with it using [[rsync]].<br />
<br />
This process (with minor modification) also works to migrate existing Arch installations between various environments and has been confirmed to work in migrating from OpenVZ to Xen and from Xen to OpenVZ. For an install to Xen, other hardware-virtualized platforms, or probably even to physical hardware (unconfirmed), extra steps (basically running {{ic|mkinitcpio}} and [[Boot loaders|installing a bootloader]]) are needed.<br />
<br />
=====Prerequisites=====<br />
<br />
* A working Arch Linux installation<br />
** To keep things simple, it should match the architecture you want to install on your VPS (x86_64 or i686).<br />
** To build from other distributions, [[Archbootstrap|arch-bootstrap.sh]] can be used in place of {{ic|pacstrap}}.<br />
* The {{Pkg|arch-install-scripts}}, {{Pkg|rsync}}, and {{Pkg|openssh}} packages from the [[official repositories]]<br />
** SSH isn't strictly required, but rsync over SSH is the method used here.<br />
* A VPS running any distribution, with {{ic|rsync}} and a working SSH server<br />
** Its architecture (x86_64 or i686) doesn't matter as long as the OpenVZ installation can support your target architecture.<br />
* OpenVZ's serial console feature (usually accessible via your provider's control panel)<br />
** Without this, any network configuration for the target VPS will have to be done immediately after the "Build" step below.<br />
<br />
=====Building a clean Arch Linux installation=====<br />
<br />
As root, build the installation (optionally replacing {{ic|build}} with your preferred target directory):<br />
<br />
# mkdir build<br />
# pacstrap -cd build<br />
<br />
Other tweaks for the {{ic|pacstrap}} command:<br />
<br />
*{{ic|-C custom-pacman-config.conf}} - Use a custom pacman configuration file. By default, pacstrap builds according to your local pacman.conf. This determines the architecture (i686 or x86_64) of the build, the mirror list, etc.<br />
*{{ic|-B}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman keyring to the new build. If you use this option, you'll need to run {{ic|pacman-key --init}} and {{ic|pacman-key --populate archlinux}} in the [[Virtual Private Server#Configuration|Configuration]] step to set up the keyring.<br />
*{{ic|-M}} - Prevent pacstrap from copying your system's pacman mirror list to the new build.<br />
<br />
=====Replacing everything on the VPS with the Arch build=====<br />
<br />
Replace all files, directories, etc. on your target VPS with the contents of your {{ic|build}} directory (replacing "YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS" below):<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Be careful with the following command. By design, {{ic|rsync}} is very destructive, especially with any of the {{ic|--delete}} options.}}<br />
<br />
# rsync -ax --delete-delay -e ssh --stats -P build/ YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS:/<br />
<br />
Explanation of options:<br />
<br />
At minimum, only the {{ic|-a}} (preserve timestamps, permissions, etc.), {{ic|-x}} (don't cross filesystem boundaries), and {{ic|--delete}} (delete anything in the target that doesn't exist in the source) options are required. The {{ic|--delete-delay}} option is an alternate deletion mode which waits to delete anything until the synchronization is otherwise complete; this isn't necessary but may reduce the risk of a slow transfer causing the target VPS to lock-up. The {{ic|-e ssh}} (use rsync over SSH) option is recommended and makes things simple. The {{ic|--stats}} and {{ic|-P}} options are just to show more information.<br />
<br />
=====Configuration=====<br />
<br />
# Reboot the VPS externally (using your provider's control panel, for example).<br />
# Using OpenVZ's serial console feature, configure the [[Network configuration|network]] and [[Installation_guide#Configure_the_system|basic system settings]] (ignoring fstab generation and arch-chroot steps).<br />
#* If you don't have access to the serial console feature, you'll need to preconfigure your network settings before synchronizing Arch to the VPS.<br />
<br />
===Xen===<br />
{{Expansion|Are there instructions specific to VPSes?}}<br />
See [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PVHVM mode)]] and/or [[Xen#Arch as Xen guest (PV mode)]].</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Virtual_Private_Server_(%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E8%AA%9E)&diff=356768Virtual Private Server (日本語)2015-01-17T06:54:04Z<p>Spaike97: start localizing</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Getting and installing Arch (日本語)]]<br />
[[Category:Virtualization (日本語)]]<br />
[[en:Virtual Private Server]]<br />
[[zh-CN:Virtual Private Server(简体中文)]]<br />
{{Related articles start (日本語)}}<br />
{{Related2|Comprehensive Server Guide|サーバー総合ガイド}}<br />
{{Related articles end}}<br />
[[Wikipedia:ja:バーチャル・プライベート・サーバ]] より:<br />
<br />
:''バーチャルプライベートサーバ (VPS) はホスティングサーバ事業者によって使われている言葉で仮想マシンのことを指す。他の仮想マシンと同じ物理コンピュータ上のソフトウェアで動作しながらも、一つの独立した物理コンピュータとほとんど同じように使えるということを強調するために使われます。個々の顧客のニーズにあわせてカスタマイズすることができ、独立したコンピュータとしてのプライバシーを持ちながら、サーバーソフトウェアが動作するように設定することが可能です。''<br />
<br />
この記事では仮想専用サーバーにおける Arch Linux の利用について検討して、VPS 固有のインストール手順・フィックスなども述べます。<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Linux 2.6.32 は systemd バージョン 205 からサポートされていません (そして systemd 212 以降では動作しません)。コンテナによる仮想化環境は多くが古いカーネルを使っており、そのような環境では Arch Linux を最新状態に保つことができない可能性があります。ただし、OpenVZ は、[http://openvz.org/Download/kernel/rhel6/042stab094.7 カーネルビルド 042stab094.7] から、CLOCK_BOOTTIME 機能をバックポートしているため最新の systemd でも動作します。}}<br />
<br />
==Arch Linux を提供しているプロバイダ==<br />
<br />
{{Warning|プロバイダの品質について保証はできません。発注する前に自分で確認してください。}}<br />
{{Note|以下のプロバイダでは便利な Arch Linux イメージが用意されています。他のプロバイダで Arch を使うこともできますが、必要な作業が増えます。カスタムディスクイメージをロードしたり (ハードウェア仮想化が必須)、[[Installation Guide (日本語)|chroot 下でインストール]]したり、[[#OpenVZ プロバイダで最新の Arch Linux をインストール|他のディストリビューション上で rsync を使って Arch を同期]]するなどの方法があります。}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! プロバイダ !! Arch リリース !! 仮想化 !! 場所 !! 注記<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.milesweb.com/vps-hosting.php A MilesWeb VPS] || 2013.10.14 || OpenVZ || ヨーロッパ, インド, US || OpenVZ プラットフォームで最新の Arch Linux が使えます。クイックセットアップ、24時間365日のライブチャット・メール・電話サポート。VPS は月20ドルから。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://123systems.net 123 Systems] || 2010.05.xx || OpenVZ || ダラス, US-TX || 再インストール時に Arch が選択できます。カーネルはとても古い (2.6.18-308) ので [[#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|OpenVZ のトラブルシューティング]]を見て下さい。購入する前に見られる情報は限られており、購入しないと Arch Linux のバージョンも確認できません。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://ausweb.com.au AUSWEB] || 最新リリースのみ (clarify?) || VMware ESXi || シドニー, AU || Latest ISO (clarify?) of Arch Available. Enterprise Service. <br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.affinity.net.nz affinity.net.nz] || 2013.08.01 || KVM || オークランド, ニュージーランド (NZ) || IRC チャンネルは ircs.kiwicon.org の #affinity<br />
|-<br />
| [http://afterburst.com/ Afterburst] || 2012.12.01 || OpenVZ || マイアミ, US-FL; ニュルンベルク, DE || 旧名 FanaticalVPS。カーネルバージョンは VPS が存在するノードによります。マイアミのノードは問題ありません (2.6.32-042stab072.10) がドイツのノードの場合[[#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|カスタム glibc]] が必要になることがあります。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.buyvm.net/ BuyVM] || 2013.07.01 || KVM || LA, バッファロー NY || 登録時には別の OS を選択しなくてはなりません。アクセスできるようになったら、最新の Arch ISO をマウントして再起動を選択して手動でインストールします。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://en.edis.at/ Edis] || [http://www.edis.at/en/support-and-service/faq/server-faq/which-distributions-are-available-with-edis-kvm-vps-plans/ 2013.03.01] || vServer, KVM, OpenVZ || [http://www.edis.at/en/server/kvm-vps/austria/ 世界中に多数所在] || 専用サーバや、マン島 (IM) にある"オフショア"な場所も選べます。<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.directvps.nl/ DirectVPS] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ || アムステルダム, NL; ロッテルダム, NL || オランダ語のサイト。https://www.directvps.nl/try-1.plp?p=31 からバージョンが確認できます。<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gandi.net/hosting/ Gandi] || 2013.10.27 || Xen || パリ, FR; ボルチモア, MD, US; ビッセン, LU || Very granular scaling of system resources (e.g. RAM, disk space); IPv6-only option available; you can supply your own install image, version based on keyring package version ||<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.gigatux.com/virtual.php GigaTux] || [https://www.gigatux.com/distro/ 2013.06.01] || Xen || シカゴ, US-IL; フランクフルト, DE; ロンドン, GB; サンノゼ, US-CA ||<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vr.org/ Host Virtual] || [http://www.vr.org/os/linux-vps/archlinux-vps 2011.08.19] || KVM || [http://www.vr.org/cloud-locations/ 世界中に多数所在] || Appears to use KVM virtualization. Site lists "Xen based virtualization" and [http://www.vr.org/features/ features] lists ability to install from ISO.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://hostigation.com/ Hostigation] || [https://hostigation.com/wiki/index.php?title=KVM:Install 2010.05 i686] || OpenVZ, KVM || シャーロット, US-NC; ロサンジェルス, US-CA || [[Migrating Between Architectures Without Reinstalling|x86_64 に移行]]することが可能<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.intovps.com IntoVPS] || 2012.09.xx || OpenVZ || アムステルダム, NL; ブカレスト, RO; ダラス, US-TX; フレモント, US-CA; ロンドン, GB || Blog has not been updated since September, 2012 which included the Arch Linux update.<br />
|-<br />
| [https://leapswitch.com Leapswitch Networks] || [2013.10.xx] || OpenVZ/KVM || USA, インド, ポルトガル, スペイン, ウクライナ, ドイツ || 現在 ArchLinux はコントロールパネルから再インストールするときだけ選べます。申し込みフォームにはありません。<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.linode.com Linode.com] || [https://www.linode.com/faq.cfm 2013.06.xx] || Xen|| [https://www.linode.com/speedtest/ 東京, JP; US 複数; ロンドン, GB] || カスタムカーネルを実行するために、{{AUR|linux-linode}} をインストールしてください ({{pkg|linux}} では32ビットの Linode 上で動作しません)。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://lylix.net/ LYLIX] || [http://lylix.net/archlinux 2014.01.xx] || OpenVZ || US 複数; ヨーロッパ || 32ビットと64ビットが利用可能。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.nodedeploy.com Node Deploy] || 2014.10.01 || OpenVZ, KVM || ドイツ (DE); ロサンジェルス, US-CA; アトランタ, US-GA; フェニックス, US-AZ || "NodeDeploy では事実上すべての linux ディストリビューションをサポートしています"。Arch Linux もオペレーティングシステムのリストに記載されています。バージョン情報はなし。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://netcup.de Netcup] || 2012.11.xx || KVM || ドイツ (DE)|| ドイツ語のサイト。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://onepoundwebhosting.co.uk OnePoundWebHosting] || 2013.05.xx || Xen PV, Xen HVM || イギリス (UK) || レジストラでもあります。サーバーの場所は特定できません。<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.proplay.biz/ proPlay.de] || 2012.12.xx || OpenVZ, KVM || ドイツ (DE) || ドイツ語のサイト。<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.quickvz.com QuickVZ] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ, Xen || アムステルダム, オランダ (NL); ストックホルム, スウェーデン (SE) || Provide hardened Arch Linux images along with Enterprise services (e,g. VPN, Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) and Virtual Routers.<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/cloud_hosting_products/servers/ Rackspace Cloud] || 2013.6 || Xen || [https://www.rackspace.com/whyrackspace/network/datacenters/ 世界中に多数所在] || 料金は時間単位。"next gen" の VPS を使って下さい (mycloud.rackspace.com パネルを使用); 第1世代の Rackspace VPS の Arch イメージは古くなっています。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramhost.us RamHost.us] || [http://www.ramhost.us/?page=news 2013.05.01] || OpenVZ, KVM || ロサンジェルス, US-CA; グレートブリテン (GB); アトランタ, US-GA; ドイツ (DE) || RamHost の IRC ネットワークで最新 ISO をリクエストできます。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.ramnode.com RamNode] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=48 2013.07.01] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=39 SSD and SSD Cached:] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=52 OpenVZ, KVM] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=18 シアトル, WA USA, アトランタ, GA USA] || [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/knowledgebase.php?action=displayarticle&id=66 You can request Host/CPU passthrough with KVM service.] [http://www.ramnode.com/about.php Customer service has been prompt and professional.] [https://twitter.com/search?q=ramnode%20code&src=typd Regular discount codes can be found (15-35% off).] [http://www.ramnode.com/index.php Modern hardware.] [https://clientarea.ramnode.com/cart.php?carttpl=svz Competitive pricing (before discounts).]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.tilaa.nl/ Tilaa] || 2014.10.01 || [https://www.tilaa.com/pages/vps/technology KVM] || アムステルダム, NL || 英語またはオランダ語のサイト。<br />
|-<br />
| [https://www.transip.eu/ TransIP] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-os/ 2013.05.01] || [https://www.transip.eu/vps/vps-technology/ KVM] || アムステルダム, NL || 英語のサイト。レジストラ。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/ XenVZ] || 2009.12.07 || OpenVZ, Xen || イギリス (UK), アメリカ (US) || [http://www.xenvz.co.uk/faq.php#use2 ハードウェア]<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.virpus.com/ Virpus] || [http://virpus.com/linux-vps.php 2014.11.07] || Xen || カンザスシティ, US-KS; ロサンジェルス, US-CA || Wow Technologies, Inc の子会社。ライブチャット、メール、電話、チケットシステムによる24時間365日サポート。費用は月5ドルから。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vmline.pl/ Vmline] || 2013.09.01 || KVM, OpenVZ || クラクフ, PL || [http://www.s-net.pl/en/ S-Net] の再販売。完全仮想化。ポーランド語のサイト。<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vpsbg.eu/ VPSBG.eu] || 2013.10 || OpenVZ || [https://vpsbg.eu/en/index.php?page=vps-datacenter ソフィア, ブルガリア] || ブルガリアのオフショア VPS - 匿名の登録と Bitcoin による支払いが可能。<br />
|-<br />
| [https://vps6.net/ VPS6.NET] || 2013.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps6.net/network/ US 複数]; フランクフルト, DE; ブカレスト, RO; イスタンブール, TR || レジストラ。<br />
|-<br />
| [http://www.vps.net/ VPS.NET] || 2014.01.xx || OpenVZ, Xen, HVM-ISO || [http://vps.net/cloud-datacenter-locations US, カナダ, UK, ブラジル, オランダ, フランス, ドイツ, 日本, シンガポール, インド, オーストラリア]; その他複数 || Managed & Un managed VPS service provider, multiple OS and configurations..<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==インストール==<br />
<br />
===KVM===<br />
[[QEMU (日本語)#(Arch) Linux ゲストを用意する|QEMU#(Arch) Linux ゲストを用意する]]を見て下さい。<br />
<br />
===OpenVZ===<br />
<br />
====OpenVZ プロバイダで最新の Arch Linux をインストール====<br />
<br />
It's possible to directly copy an installation of Arch Linux over the top of a working OpenVZ VPS. This tutorial explains how to create a basic installation of Arch Linux with {{ic|pacstrap}} (as used in a standard install) and then replace the contents of a target VPS with it using [[rsync]].<br />
<br />
This process (with minor modification) also works to migrate existing Arch installations between various environments and has been confirmed to work in migrating from OpenVZ to Xen and from Xen to OpenVZ. For an install to Xen, other hardware-virtualized platforms, or probably even to physical hardware (unconfirmed), extra steps (basically running {{ic|mkinitcpio}} and [[Boot loaders|installing a bootloader]]) are needed.<br />
<br />
=====必須要件=====<br />
<br />
* A working Arch Linux installation<br />
** To keep things simple, it should match the architecture you want to install on your VPS (x86_64 or i686).<br />
** To build from other distributions, [[Archbootstrap|arch-bootstrap.sh]] can be used in place of {{ic|pacstrap}}.<br />
* The {{Pkg|arch-install-scripts}}, {{Pkg|rsync}}, and {{Pkg|openssh}} packages from the [[official repositories]]<br />
** SSH isn't strictly required, but rsync over SSH is the method used here.<br />
* A VPS running any distribution, with {{ic|rsync}} and a working SSH server<br />
** Its architecture (x86_64 or i686) doesn't matter as long as the OpenVZ installation can support your target architecture.<br />
* OpenVZ's serial console feature (usually accessible via your provider's control panel)<br />
** Without this, any network configuration for the target VPS will have to be done immediately after the "Build" step below.<br />
<br />
=====クリーンな Arch Linux 環境を作成=====<br />
<br />
As root, build the installation (optionally replacing {{ic|build}} with your preferred target directory):<br />
<br />
# mkdir build<br />
# pacstrap -cdGM build<br />
<br />
{{Note|By default, the {{ic|pacstrap}} script will build the installation according to your system's {{ic|pacman.conf}}. Its {{ic|Architecture}} setting ({{ic|auto}} by default) will determine if an i686 or x86_64 installation is created. Alternatively, you could add the {{ic|-C}} option (like {{ic|-C custom-pacman-config.conf}}) if you'd like to change the architecture, use custom mirrors, etc.}}<br />
<br />
=====VPS にあるものを全て Arch 環境と置き換える=====<br />
<br />
Replace all files, directories, etc. on your target VPS with the contents of your {{ic|build}} directory (replacing "YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS" below):<br />
<br />
{{Warning|Be careful with the following command. By design, {{ic|rsync}} is very destructive, especially with the {{ic|--delete}} option.}}<br />
<br />
# rsync -ax --delete -e ssh --stats -P build/ YOUR.VPS.IP.ADDRESS:/<br />
<br />
{{Note|At minimum, only the {{ic|-a}} (preserve timestamps, permissions, etc.), {{ic|-x}} (don't cross filesystem boundaries), and {{ic|--delete}} (delete anything in the target that doesn't exist in the source) options are required. {{ic|-e ssh}} (use rsync over SSH) is recommended and makes things simple.}}<br />
<br />
=====設定=====<br />
<br />
# Reboot the VPS externally (using your provider's control panel, for example).<br />
# Using OpenVZ's serial console feature, configure [[Network configuration|the network]] and [[Installation_guide#Configure_the_system|basic system settings]], as in a normal installation.<br />
#* If you don't have access to the serial console feature, you'll need to preconfigure your network settings before synchronizing Arch to the VPS.<br />
<br />
====2010.05 インストールイメージの更新====<br />
These instructions assume you have a 2010.05 image from your VPS provider and you would like to get it updated. The biggest work involves preparing {{ic|/lib}} for the symlink upgrade ({{pkg|glibc}} 2.16, and later {{pkg|filesystem}} 2013.01).<br />
<br />
{{Warning|If you are on a older kernel than 2.6.32, please refer [[Virtual_Private_Server#OpenVZ:_kernel_too_old_for_glibc|further down the page]] to get the ''glibc-vps'' repository working (just add the repository and you can follow these steps).}}<br />
<br />
To start, grab the latest BusyBox from http://busybox.net/downloads/binaries/latest/. This allows you to force glibc (losing {{ic|/lib}} temporarily) without losing your OS (BusyBox comes with its own GNU tools which are statically linked).<br />
<nowiki># wget http://busybox.net/downloads/binaries/latest/busybox-i686</nowiki><br />
# chmod +x busybox-i686<br />
<br />
First, you can get a list of packages that own files in {{ic|/lib}} with the following command:<br />
{{bc|<nowiki><br />
$ pacman -Qo /lib/* | cut -d' ' -f 5 | egrep -v 'glibc' | uniq | xargs<br />
</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
For the current 2010.05 that comes from ibiru's page, these are the packages that were required to be removed for me:<br />
<br />
{{bc|pacman -S acl attr util-linux-ng bzip2 libcap e2fsprogs libgcrypt libgpg-error udev readline ncurses pam pcre popt procps readline shadow e2fsprogs sysfsutils udev util-linux-ng sysvinit coreutils}}<br />
<br />
You may have to remove {{ic|/lib/udev/devices/loop0}} (a simple {{ic|rm}} works).<br />
<br />
After the upgrade finishes, you must remove any extra empty directories in {{ic|/lib}} ({{ic|/lib/modules}} is the common offender):<br />
# rm -rf /lib/modules<br />
<br />
Install {{pkg|tzdata}} to fix some dependencies, and remove {{ic|/etc/profile.d/locale.sh}}:<br />
# pacman -S tzdata<br />
# rm /etc/profile.d/locale.sh<br />
<br />
Remove {{ic|/var/run}} (you should have nothing running that matters):<br />
# rm -rf /var/run<br />
<br />
Force glibc, which will pull in the latest filesystem package, but will BREAK everything (other than BusyBox):<br />
# pacman -S --force glibc<br />
<br />
Now, you will have a broken system, so symlink {{ic|/usr/lib}} to {{ic|/lib}} with BusyBox's ln program:<br />
# ./busybox-i686 ln -s /usr/lib /lib<br />
<br />
And you should have a fully functional system where you can now update pacman.<br />
# pacman -S pacman<br />
# pacman-key --init<br />
# pacman-key --populate archlinux<br />
# pacman-db-upgrade<br />
# pacman -Syy<br />
<br />
Now, update initscripts to get the {{pkg|iproute2}} package:<br />
# pacman -S initscripts<br />
<br />
Install the {{pkg|makedev}} package:<br />
{{bc|pacman -S makedev}}<br />
<br />
Add the following to your {{ic|/etc/rc.local}}:<br />
/usr/sbin/MAKEDEV tty<br />
/usr/sbin/MAKEDEV pty<br />
<br />
Comment the following lines in {{ic|/etc/inittab}}:<br />
#c1:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty1 linux<br />
#c2:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty2 linux<br />
#c3:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty3 linux<br />
#c4:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty4 linux<br />
#c5:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty5 linux<br />
#c6:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty6 linux<br />
<br />
Finally, you should be able to upgrade the whole system:<br />
# pacman -Syu<br />
<br />
You may run into some issues with krb5 and heimdal, as krb5 no longer provides+conflicts+replaces heimdal (https://projects.archlinux.org/svntogit/packages.git/commit/trunk/PKGBUILD?h=packages/krb5&id=f5e6d77fd14ced15ebf5b6a78a7c76e0db0625f7). The old openssh depends on heimdal (and the new openssh depends on krb5), so force install krb5, then upgrade openssh, then remove heimdal and reinstall krb5.<br />
# pacman -S --force krb5<br />
# pacman -S openssh openssl<br />
# pacman -R heimdal<br />
# pacman -S krb5<br />
<br />
Fix {{pkg|syslog-ng}}. Set the src to {{ic|unix-dgram("/dev/log")}} and add {{ic|--no-caps}} to both check and run args in {{ic|/etc/conf.d/syslog-ng}}.<br />
<br />
Make sure your {{ic|/etc/rc.conf}} is not messed up with broken network definitions, or else be sure serial access works on your VPS before you reboot.<br />
<br />
====VPS のネットワーク設定を rc.conf から netcfg に移行 (OpenVZ でテスト済み)====<br />
<br />
1) Install netcfg<br />
<br />
{{bc|pacman -S netcfg}}<br />
<br />
2) Create a netcfg configuration file {{ic|/etc/network.d/venet}}<br />
<br />
{{bc|1=CONNECTION='ethernet'<br />
DESCRIPTION='VPS venet connection'<br />
INTERFACE='venet0'<br />
IP='static'<br />
IPCFG=(<br />
#default<br />
'addr add 127.0.0.1/32 broadcast 0.0.0.0 dev venet0'<br />
#IPv4 address<br />
'addr add xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/32 broadcast 0.0.0.0 dev venet0'<br />
#IPv4 route<br />
'route add default dev venet0'<br />
#IPv6 address<br />
'addr add xxxx:xx:xx::x/128 dev venet0'<br />
#IPv6 route<br />
'-6 route add default dev venet0'<br />
)<br />
DNS=('xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx' 'xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx')}}<br />
<br />
3) Edit your netcfg main conf file {{ic|/etc/conf.d/netcfg}}<br />
<br />
{{bc|1=NETWORKS=(venet)<br />
WIRED_INTERFACE="venet0"}}<br />
<br />
4) Try your new setup<br />
<br />
{{bc|rc.d stop network && ip addr flush venet0 && netcfg venet}}<br />
<br />
Your VPS should still be connected and have its IP addresses set correctly. (Check with {{ic|ip a}})<br />
<br />
DO NOT proceed to next step if this isn't the case.<br />
<br />
5) Make your new setup survive reboots<br />
<br />
In the {{ic|DAEMONS}} array in {{ic|/etc/rc.conf}}, replace {{ic|network}} with {{ic|net-profiles}}.<br />
<br />
Remove all networking information that is in {{ic|/etc/rc.conf}}.<br />
{{bc|reboot}}<br />
<br />
====VPS で initscripts から systemd に移行====<br />
<br />
{{Warning|This has been known to work with OpenVZ on the 2.6.32 kernel, but systemd may not work on older kernels.}}<br />
<br />
This is very similar to a regular arch system, except you probably don't have access to your kernel line.<br />
<br />
1) Move from network in rc.conf to netcfg (see above).<br />
<br />
2) Install systemd<br />
<br />
{{bc|pacman -S systemd}}<br />
<br />
2 bonus for OpenVZ) Remove kernel core dump pattern since this is blocked by OpenVZ and causes errors<br />
<br />
Edit {{ic|/usr/lib/sysctl.d/coredump.conf}}, comment out the following line:<br />
{{bc|#kernel.core_pattern&#61;&#124;/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-coredump %p %u %g %s %t %e}}<br />
<br />
3) Move all configuration from {{ic|/etc/rc.conf}} (except the {{ic|DAEMONS}} array) to its appropriate location.<br />
<br />
See [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd#Native_configuration Native configuration] and [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Rc.conf rc.conf] for details.<br />
<br />
Now your {{ic|/etc/rc.conf}} should only contain the {{ic|DAEMONS}} array.<br />
<br />
4) Install systemd-sysvcompat<br />
<br />
{{bc|pacman -S systemd-sysvcompat}}<br />
<br />
It will ask to replace sysvinit, say yes.<br />
<br />
{{bc|reboot}}<br />
<br />
5) Move daemons from the {{ic|DAEMONS}} array in {{ic|/etc/rc.conf}} to {{ic|systemd}}<br />
<br />
See the [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd#Moving_away_from_the_DAEMONS_array guide] and the [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Daemons_List daemons list].<br />
<br />
If your {{ic|DAEMONS}} array is now empty, skip next step.<br />
<br />
6) Moving rc.d daemons with no systemd support, example: {{ic|vzquota}}<br />
<br />
Create a custom systemd service file for vzquota: {{ic|/etc/systemd/system/newvzquota.service}}:<br />
{{bc|1=[Unit]<br />
Description=Setup vzquota on VPS<br />
ConditionFileIsExecutable=/etc/rc.d/vzquota<br />
<br />
[Service]<br />
Type=oneshot<br />
ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/vzquota start<br />
ExecStop=/etc/rc.d/vzquota stop<br />
TimeoutSec=0<br />
StandardInput=tty<br />
RemainAfterExit=yes<br />
<br />
[Install]<br />
WantedBy=multi-user.target}}<br />
<br />
{{Note|It is recommended to choose a .service file name that is different from the name of the daemon, because systemd might try to call the LEGACY scripts with the old name.}}<br />
<br />
Enable this service:<br />
{{bc|systemctl enable newvzquota.service}}<br />
<br />
Remove {{ic|vzquota}} from the {{ic|DAEMONS}} array in {{ic|/etc/rc.conf}}<br />
<br />
Repeat this step to remove all daemons from {{ic|/etc/rc.conf}}.<br />
<br />
7) Removing {{ic|/etc/rc.local}} and {{ic|/etc/rc.local.shutdown}}<br />
<br />
Write [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd#Writing_custom_.service_files custom .service files] to replace functionality in {{ic|/etc/rc.local}} and {{ic|/etc/rc.local.shutdown}}. You can take a look at {{ic|/usr/lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service}} and {{ic|/usr/lib/systemd/system/rc-local-shutdown.service}} for inspiration.<br />
<br />
8) Removing {{ic|initscripts}}<br />
<br />
Your {{ic|/etc/rc.conf}} file must look like this:<br />
{{bc|1=DAEMONS=()}}<br />
and {{ic|/etc/rc.local}} and {{ic|/etc/rc.local.shutdown}} must now be empty.<br />
<br />
Uninstall {{ic|initscripts}}<br />
{{bc|pacman -R initscripts}}<br />
<br />
{{bc|reboot}}<br />
<br />
===Xen===<br />
[[Xen (日本語)#ハードウェア仮想化 (HVM) Arch domU の設定|Xen#ハードウェア仮想化 (HVM) Arch domU の設定]] や [[Xen (日本語)#準仮想化 (PV) Arch domU の設定|Xen#準仮想化 (PV) Arch domU の設定]] を見て下さい。<br />
<br />
===OpenStack と Xen のコンポーネントを sysmted に変換===<br />
Rackspace NextGen Cloud などの、OpenStack/Xen による VPS を使う場合、systemd で有効にする必要がある3つのコンポーネントがあります。そのうちの2つは現行バージョンの {{Pkg|xe-guest-utilities}} に含まれています: xe-linux-distribution と xe-daemon。<br />
<br />
OpenStack の nova-agent については、現行バージョンの 0.0.1.37 には sysvinit のスタートアップスクリプトしか含まれていないので、カスタムサービスファイルを作成する必要があります。<br />
<br />
{{hc|1=/etc/systemd/system/nova-agent.service|2=<br />
[Unit]<br />
Description=nova-agent service<br />
After=xe-daemon.service<br />
<br />
[Service]<br />
Environment=LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/share/nova-agent/0.0.1.37/lib<br />
ExecStart=usr/bin/nova-agent -n -l info /usr/share/nova-agent/nova-agent.py<br />
<br />
[Install]<br />
WantedBy=multi-user.target}}<br />
Once these steps are done, you can continue with converting the server from sysvinit to systemd.<br />
<br />
以下のサービスを有効にするようにしてください:<br />
# systemctl enable xe-linux-distribution<br />
# systemctl enable xe-daemon<br />
# systemctl enable nova-agent<br />
<br />
==トラブルシューティング==<br />
===OpenVZ: kernel too old for glibc===<br />
Are you on a virtual private server (VPS) with an old kernel & broke your system? Are you using OpenVZ?<br />
<br />
Check your kernel version with:<br />
<br />
{{bc|uname -r}}<br />
<br />
If your kernel is older than 2.6.32, you will need a custom version of glibc ([https://www.archlinux.org/news/minimum-kernel-requirement-2632/ because of dependencies in glibc]).<br />
<br />
Arch Template Used: https://dev.archlinux.org/~ibiru/openvz/2010.05/arch-2010.05-i686-minimal.tar.gz<br />
<br />
{{Note|For installs that have not been updated to glibc-2.16, it will save you lots of time and prevent major breakage to do:<br />
pacman -U https://dev.archlinux.org/~ibiru/openvz/glibc-vps/i686/glibc-2.16.0-101-i686.pkg.tar.xz<br />
or<br />
pacman -U https://dev.archlinux.org/~ibiru/openvz/glibc-vps/x86_64/glibc-2.16.0-101-x86_64.pkg.tar.xz<br />
Add a single {{ic|-d}} if needed. ''The instructions below assume that this has been done.''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
Following similar instructions from [[DeveloperWiki:usrlib]].<br />
<br />
Try doing the following to fix it:<br />
<br />
1) Edit {{ic|/etc/pacman.conf}} and add the following repository '''ABOVE''' {{ic|[core]}}:<br />
<br />
For 32-bit:<br />
{{bc|<nowiki>[glibc-vps]<br />
Server = https://dev.archlinux.org/~ibiru/openvz/glibc-vps/i686</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
For 64-bit:<br />
{{bc|<nowiki>[glibc-vps]<br />
Server = https://dev.archlinux.org/~ibiru/openvz/glibc-vps/x86_64</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
2) Then run {{ic|pacman -Syy}} followed by {{ic|pacman -Syu}}. You will be notified to upgrade pacman first.<br />
<br />
3) Upgrade the [[pacman]] database by running {{ic|pacman-db-upgrade}} as root.<br />
<br />
4) Edit {{ic|/etc/pacman.conf.pacnew}} (new pacman config file) and add the following repository '''ABOVE''' {{ic|[core]}}:<br />
{{bc|<nowiki>[glibc-vps]<br />
Server = https://dev.archlinux.org/~ibiru/openvz/glibc-vps/$arch</nowiki>}}<br />
<br />
5) Replace {{ic|/etc/pacman.conf}} with {{ic|/etc/pacman.conf.pacnew}} (run as root):<br />
# mv /etc/pacman.conf.pacnew /etc/pacman.conf<br />
<br />
6) Upgrade your whole system with new packages again {{ic|pacman -Syu}}<br />
<br />
If you get the following error or a similar error:<br />
{{bc|initscripts: /etc/profile.d/locale.sh exists in filesystem}}<br />
<br />
Simply delete that file (e.g., {{ic|rm -f /etc/profile.d/locale.sh}}), then run {{ic|pacman -Syu}} again.<br />
<br />
If you get the following error or a similar error:<br />
{{bc|filesystem: /etc/mtab exists in filesystem}}<br />
<br />
Run {{ic|pacman -S filesystem --force}}<br />
<br />
If you get the following error or a similar error:<br />
{{bc|libusb-compat: /usr/bin/libusb-config exists in filesystem}}<br />
<br />
Run {{ic|pacman -S libusb}} and then {{ic|pacman -S libusb-compat}}<br />
<br />
7) Before rebooting, you need to [[pacman|install]] the {{Pkg|makedev}} package from the [[official repositories]] by running {{ic|pacman -S makedev}}.<br />
<br />
8) Add MAKEDEV to {{ic|/etc/rc.local}}:<br />
/usr/sbin/MAKEDEV tty<br />
/usr/sbin/MAKEDEV pty<br />
<br />
9) Edit {{ic|/etc/inittab}}, comment out the following lines; otherwise, you will see errors in {{ic|/var/log/errors.log}}):<br />
#c1:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty1 linux<br />
#c2:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty2 linux<br />
#c3:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty3 linux<br />
#c4:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty4 linux<br />
#c5:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty5 linux<br />
#c6:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -8 -s 38400 tty6 linux<br />
<br />
10) To enable use of the {{ic|hostname}} command, [[pacman|install]] the package {{Pkg|inetutils}} from the [[official repositories]]. <br />
<br />
11) Remove disabling of the SysRq key and setup of core dump pattern because this is blocked by OpenVZ and causes errors.<br />
<br />
Because sysctl does not use {{ic|/etc/sysctl.conf}} any more[https://www.archlinux.org/news/deprecation-of-etcsysctlconf/], you must transfer all settings to {{ic|/etc/sysctl.d/99-sysctl.conf}} (or any other file in {{ic|/etc/sysctl.d/}}; however, do not transfer the following line:<br />
{{bc|1=kernel.sysrq = 0}}<br />
<br />
Edit {{ic|/usr/lib/sysctl.d/coredump.conf}} and comment out the following line:<br />
{{bc|1=#kernel.core_pattern=&#124;/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-coredump %p %u %g %s %t %e}}<br />
<br />
12) Save and reboot.<br />
<br />
Enjoy & thank ioni if you happen to be in #archlinux<br />
<br />
===SSH fails: PTY allocation request failed on channel 0===<br />
<br />
Some VPSes have an outdated {{ic|/etc/rc.sysinit}}. You may be able to log in via serial console or with the following command:<br />
$ ssh root@broken.server '/bin/bash -i'<br />
<br />
Then run the following:<br />
# mv /etc/rc.sysinit.pacnew /etc/rc.sysinit<br />
# reboot<br />
<br />
Once it is working, you should be able to comment out the {{ic|udevd_modprobe}} line in {{ic|/etc/rc.sysinit}} to save a bit of RAM the next time you reboot.<br />
<br />
If the above does not work, take a look at [http://fsk141.com/fix-pty-allocation-request-failed-on-channel-0 this guide].</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Unison_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=356766Unison (简体中文)2015-01-17T06:45:53Z<p>Spaike97: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Internet applications (简体中文)]]<br />
[[en:Unison]]<br />
[[de:Unison]]<br />
{{TranslationStatus (简体中文)|Unison|2014-07-26|317386}}<br />
'''Unison'''是一款可以在类UNIX操作系统(包括 Linux, Mac OS X, 和Solaris) 和Windows 环境下运行的双向文件同步工具。他可以把一个文件或目录的两个备份分别储存在两个不同的主机(或同一个主机的不同的磁盘上),分别修改,并且通过把双方的改变传递到对方来完成同步。同时,他也不限制哪一方做主机。<br />
<br />
== 安装 ==<br />
<br />
请从[[official repositories]] [[pacman|安装]] {{Pkg|unison}}, 那里有提供 CLI, GTK+ 和 GTK+ 2.0 接口. 如果有线下文档需求的话,请从 [[AUR]] 安装 {{AUR|unison-doc}}.<br />
<br />
== 配置 ==<br />
<br />
为了使用Unison,你需要创建一份配置文件.<br />
<br />
=== GUI ===<br />
<br />
如果想在GUI环境下配置的话 请运行:<br />
$ unison-gtk2<br />
<br />
=== 手动操作 ===<br />
<br />
或者,在{{ic|~/.unison}}里手动创建配置文件,并且将接下来的几行加入到默认配置文件{{ic|~/.unison/''profilename''.prf}}里。<br />
<br />
为被同步文件定义根目录<br />
root=/home/user/<br />
<br />
定义一个远程目录,文件将被同步到那里<br />
root=ssh://example.com//path/to/server/storags<br />
<br />
为[[SSH]]提供参数(可选)<br />
sshargs=-p 4000<br />
<br />
定义同步哪些文件和目录:<br />
# dirs<br />
path=Documents<br />
path=Photos<br />
path=Study<br />
# files<br />
path=.bashrc<br />
path=.vimrc<br />
<br />
你还可以定义无视哪些文件:<br />
ignore=Name temp.*<br />
ignore=Name .*~<br />
ignore=Name *.tmp<br />
<br />
{{note|如若需要更多咨询请看 [http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~bcpierce/unison/download/releases/stable/unison-manual.html User Manual and Reference Guide]中的 [http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~bcpierce/unison/download/releases/stable/unison-manual.html#profileegs Sample profiles]。}}<br />
<br />
== 使用 ==<br />
<br />
设定好配置文件以后就可以开始同步了:<br />
$ unison ''profilename''<br />
如果你选择使用GUI工具的话就这么干:<br />
$ unison-gtk2<br />
然后选择配置文件。Unison的界面很赞,你可以看到变动和进度。<br />
<br />
== 版本不兼容性 ==<br />
<br />
如果你希望Unison能正常工作的话,请'''确保'''每一个客户端上安装的版本都是一样的。举个例子,如果一套电脑上安装了2.40版本而另外一台上安装的是2.32,那他们就没法互相同步了。这对于'''所有全部一切'''你希望进行同步作业的计算机都适用。<br />
<br />
由于Linux发行版数目众多,Unison的release错综复杂,所以你很有可能会陷入老版本的泥潭。Arch Linux在上游的Extra repository里提供有最新版本的Unison。同时在 [[AUR]] 有非官方的 2.32版本 ({{AUR|unison-232}})和 2.27版本({{AUR|unison-227}}) 的 [[PKGBUILD]],这样各种发行版的用户们都可以在他们的系统上愉快的使用Unison啦<br />
<br />
== 提醒与小技巧 ==<br />
<br />
=== 人生苦短,少敲键盘 ===<br />
<br />
如果哪位在一个有能力维持一个合适的scrollback buffer的VDT环境下运行Unison的话,他就没有确认每一个无冲突改变的必要了;设定 {{ic|auto}} 为 true 来避开这些提示。<br />
<br />
=== 常规配置文件同步 ===<br />
<br />
在同步那些在不同的系统(比如服务器,工作站,笔记本,智能手机)但却含有通用构造(比如键盘映射,基本shell同义名)的配置文件(比如针对本地程序,对安全性敏感的配置)时,最好把这些内容放到分散的配置文件中(比如{{ic|.bashrc_common}})并且只对他们进行同步。<br />
<br />
{{Warning|通过让被同步方(甚至也许还包括其他与被同步方同步的机器)的配置文件接受恶意的篡改,配置文件的双向同步可能会打开一条入侵的光明大道。这对于对手来说很有吸引力,尤其是在比如公共shell服务器vs个人工作站这样双方"实力悬殊"的情况下,因为要瓦解一个安全等级更低的系统看起来真不是什么难事。你并不需要在两台特定的机器间进行双向同步时一直使用{{ic|noupdate}};如果真的有这个必要,请在同步时确认每一处变动。在对待自动的双向同步行为的时候,当心点。}}<br />
<br />
== 参阅 ==<br />
<br />
* [[Wikipedia|Unison (file synchronizer)]]<br />
* [http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~bcpierce/unison/ Official website]<br />
* [http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/unison-users Yahoo! user group]<br />
* ''[http://www.pgbovine.net/unison_guide.htm Liberation through data replication]'' by Philip Guo<br />
* ''[http://www.pgbovine.net/unison-for-your-mom.htm Setting up Unison for your mom]'' by Philip Guo<br />
* ''[http://twiki.org/cgi-bin/view/Codev/ReplicationUsingUnison Replication using Unison]'' on TWiki</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Tranathon_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=342226Tranathon (简体中文)2014-10-28T07:19:02Z<p>Spaike97: creating interlanguage link</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Events (简体中文)]]<br />
[[en: Tranathon]]<br />
<br />
{{Note|这个活动仍处在概念阶段 欢迎有意见的各位在discussion page留下看法}}<br />
<br />
== 关于活动 ==<br />
Tranathon, 也就是翻译马拉松, 是一个类似于黑客马拉松的活动. 在活动前我们会选出中英文文章若干, 参赛者们会被分组并且以组为单位来完成update/翻译/帮助他人翻译等任务. 最后综合peer review和我们对任务完成情况的评价来决出优胜.<br />
<br />
== 目的 ==<br />
推广 [[Archwiki翻译日]], 让更多的人加入到翻译贡献者的队伍中来.<br />
<br />
== 时间 ==<br />
TRANATHON总是在 [[Archwiki翻译日]] 举行.<br />
<br />
== 如何参与 ==<br />
请关注下面的活动表. 你可以随意的举办这项活动, 只需要在下面的活动表中加入你的信息并且发一封邮件到hack.spaike@gmail.com(请按时间降序排列)<br />
<br />
== 活动表 ==<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" border="1"<br />
|-<br />
! 时间<br />
! 地点<br />
! 发起人email<br />
! 发起人<br />
! class="unsortable" | Notes<br />
|-<br />
| 12.06<br />
| 杭州二中东河校区 电子阅览室<br />
| hack.spaike@gmail.com<br />
| _spaike97<br />
| 暂定<br />
|-<br />
<br />
<br />
如果情况理想的话第一次活动会在杭州二中(东河校区)电子阅览室举行</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Tranathon_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=342223Tranathon (简体中文)2014-10-28T07:15:30Z<p>Spaike97: /* 活动表 */ specifying</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Events (简体中文)]]<br />
<br />
{{Note|这个活动仍处在概念阶段 欢迎有意见的各位在discussion page留下看法}}<br />
<br />
== 关于活动 ==<br />
Tranathon, 也就是翻译马拉松, 是一个类似于黑客马拉松的活动. 在活动前我们会选出中英文文章若干, 参赛者们会被分组并且以组为单位来完成update/翻译/帮助他人翻译等任务. 最后综合peer review和我们对任务完成情况的评价来决出优胜.<br />
<br />
== 目的 ==<br />
推广 [[Archwiki翻译日]], 让更多的人加入到翻译贡献者的队伍中来.<br />
<br />
== 时间 ==<br />
TRANATHON总是在 [[Archwiki翻译日]] 举行.<br />
<br />
== 如何参与 ==<br />
请关注下面的活动表. 你可以随意的举办这项活动, 只需要在下面的活动表中加入你的信息并且发一封邮件到hack.spaike@gmail.com(请按时间降序排列)<br />
<br />
== 活动表 ==<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" border="1"<br />
|-<br />
! 时间<br />
! 地点<br />
! 发起人email<br />
! 发起人<br />
! class="unsortable" | Notes<br />
|-<br />
| 12.06<br />
| 杭州二中东河校区 电子阅览室<br />
| hack.spaike@gmail.com<br />
| _spaike97<br />
| 暂定<br />
|-<br />
<br />
<br />
如果情况理想的话第一次活动会在杭州二中(东河校区)电子阅览室举行</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Tranathon_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=342222Tranathon (简体中文)2014-10-28T07:13:15Z<p>Spaike97: specifying</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Events (简体中文)]]<br />
<br />
{{Note|这个活动仍处在概念阶段 欢迎有意见的各位在discussion page留下看法}}<br />
<br />
== 关于活动 ==<br />
Tranathon, 也就是翻译马拉松, 是一个类似于黑客马拉松的活动. 在活动前我们会选出中英文文章若干, 参赛者们会被分组并且以组为单位来完成update/翻译/帮助他人翻译等任务. 最后综合peer review和我们对任务完成情况的评价来决出优胜.<br />
<br />
== 目的 ==<br />
推广 [[Archwiki翻译日]], 让更多的人加入到翻译贡献者的队伍中来.<br />
<br />
== 时间 ==<br />
TRANATHON总是在 [[Archwiki翻译日]] 举行.<br />
<br />
== 如何参与 ==<br />
请关注下面的活动表. 你可以随意的举办这项活动, 只需要在下面的活动表中加入你的信息并且发一封邮件到hack.spaike@gmail.com(请按时间降序排列)<br />
<br />
== 活动表 ==<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" border="1"<br />
|-<br />
! 时间<br />
! 地点<br />
! 发起人email<br />
! class="unsortable" | Notes<br />
|-<br />
| 12.06<br />
| 杭州二中东河校区 电子阅览室<br />
| hack.spaike@gmail.com<br />
| 暂定<br />
|-<br />
<br />
<br />
如果情况理想的话第一次活动会在杭州二中(东河校区)电子阅览室举行</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Tranathon_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=339979Tranathon (简体中文)2014-10-14T14:09:52Z<p>Spaike97: Created page with "Category:Events (简体中文) {{Note|这个活动仍处在概念阶段 欢迎有意见的各位在discussion page留下看法}} == 关于活动 == Tranathon, 也就是..."</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Events (简体中文)]]<br />
<br />
{{Note|这个活动仍处在概念阶段 欢迎有意见的各位在discussion page留下看法}}<br />
<br />
== 关于活动 ==<br />
Tranathon, 也就是翻译马拉松, 是一个类似于黑客马拉松的活动. 在活动前我们会选出中英文文章若干, 参赛者们会被分组并且以组为单位来完成update/翻译/帮助他人翻译等任务. 最后综合peer review和我们对任务完成情况的评价来决出优胜.<br />
<br />
== 目的 ==<br />
推广 [[Archwiki翻译日]], 让更多的人加入到翻译贡献者的队伍中来.<br />
<br />
== 时间 ==<br />
TRANATHON总是在 [[Archwiki翻译日]] 举行.<br />
<br />
== 如何参与 ==<br />
请关注下面的活动表. 你可以随意的举办这项活动, 只需要在下面的活动表中加入你的信息并且发一封邮件到hack.spaike@gmail.com<br />
<br />
== 活动表 ==<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" border="1"<br />
|-<br />
! 时间<br />
! 地点<br />
! 发起人email<br />
! class="unsortable" | Notes<br />
|-<br />
| 12.06<br />
| 杭州二中东河校区 电子阅览室<br />
| hack.spaike@gmail.com<br />
| 暂定<br />
|-<br />
<br />
<br />
如果情况理想的话第一次活动会在杭州二中(东河校区)电子阅览室举行</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Archwiki%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%E6%97%A5&diff=339975Archwiki翻译日2014-10-14T13:12:13Z<p>Spaike97: Redirected page to ArchWiki Translation Day (简体中文)</p>
<hr />
<div>#redirect[[ArchWiki Translation Day (简体中文)]]</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Mikutter_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=335822Mikutter (简体中文)2014-09-17T08:05:33Z<p>Spaike97: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Internet applications (简体中文)]]<br />
[[ja:Mikutter]]<br />
'''mikutter'''是由toshi_a桑开发的一个开源的Twitter客户端. <br />
mikutter 的开发使用了 [[Arch Linux (简体中文)]] 和 [[ruby]] (其中GUI使用了 [[GTK]]).(我爱miku)<br />
<br />
==安装==<br />
<br />
mikutter 可以通过[[Arch User Repository (简体中文)|AUR]]来安装。同时你应该安装{{pkg|ruby}}.<br />
<br />
$ yaourt -S mikutter<br />
<br />
==配置==<br />
<br />
{{expansion|ミクダヨー}}<br />
<br />
===插件===<br />
<br />
mikutter可以通过安装插件来扩展机能(比如煮咖啡←雾)。<br />
要安装插件的话, 请放置{{ic|~/.mikutter/plugin}}下的{{ic|.rb}}文件, 创建插件名的目录, 并且在那个目录中对名为{{ic|插件名.rb}}的文件进行设置.<br />
<br />
; [https://github.com/toshia/mikustore miku商店]<br />
: 插件管理。<br />
<br />
==参阅==<br />
* [http://mikutter.hachune.net/ mikutter 公式サイト]<br />
* [http://mikutter.tumblr.com/ mikutter news]<br />
* [http://toshia.github.com/writing-mikutter-plugin/ Writing mikutter plugin]<br />
* [http://mikutter.blogspot.jp/ mikutter開発日記]</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Mikutter_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=335821Mikutter (简体中文)2014-09-17T08:01:15Z<p>Spaike97: v1.0 finished :)</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Internet applications (简体中文)]]<br />
[[ja:Mikutter]]<br />
'''mikutter'''是由toshi_a桑开发的一个开源的Twitter客户端. <br />
mikutter 的开发使用了 [[Arch Linux (简体中文)]] 和 [[ruby]] (其中GUI使用了 [[GTK]]).<br />
<br />
==安装==<br />
<br />
mikutter 可以通过[[Arch User Repository (简体中文)|AUR]]来安装。同时你应该安装{{pkg|ruby}}.<br />
<br />
$ yaourt -S mikutter<br />
<br />
==配置==<br />
<br />
{{expansion|ミクダヨー}}<br />
<br />
===插件===<br />
<br />
mikutter可以通过安装插件来扩展机能(比如煮咖啡←雾)。<br />
要安装插件的话, 请放置{{ic|~/.mikutter/plugin}}下的{{ic|.rb}}文件, 创建插件名的目录, 并且在那个目录中对名为{{ic|插件名.rb}}的文件进行设置.<br />
<br />
; [https://github.com/toshia/mikustore miku商店]<br />
: 插件管理。<br />
<br />
==参阅==<br />
* [http://mikutter.hachune.net/ mikutter 公式サイト]<br />
* [http://mikutter.tumblr.com/ mikutter news]<br />
* [http://toshia.github.com/writing-mikutter-plugin/ Writing mikutter plugin]<br />
* [http://mikutter.blogspot.jp/ mikutter開発日記]</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Mikutter_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=332404Mikutter (简体中文)2014-08-25T18:33:15Z<p>Spaike97: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Internet Applications (简体中文)]]<br />
[[ja:Mikutter]]<br />
'''mikutter'''是由toshi_a桑开发的一个开源的Twitter客户端. mikutter は [[Arch Linux (日本語)]] と [[ruby]] (GUI使用了[[GTK]]) によって開発されています。<br />
<br />
==安装==<br />
<br />
mikutter 可以通过[[Arch User Repository (简体中文)|AUR]]来安装。同时有必要安装{{pkg|ruby}}.<br />
<br />
$ yaourt -S mikutter<br />
<br />
==配置==<br />
<br />
{{expansion|ミクダヨー}}<br />
<br />
===插件===<br />
<br />
mikutter可以通过安装插件来扩展机能(比如煮咖啡←雾)。プラグインをインストールするには {{ic|~/.mikutter/plugin}} の下に {{ic|.rb}} ファイルを置くか、プラグイン名のディレクトリを作成し、その中に {{ic|プラグイン名.rb}} という名前のファイルを設置します。<br />
<br />
; [https://github.com/toshia/mikustore miku商店]<br />
: 插件管理。<br />
<br />
==参阅==<br />
* [http://mikutter.hachune.net/ mikutter 公式サイト]<br />
* [http://mikutter.tumblr.com/ mikutter news]<br />
* [http://toshia.github.com/writing-mikutter-plugin/ Writing mikutter plugin]<br />
* [http://mikutter.blogspot.jp/ mikutter開発日記]</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=User:Spaike97&diff=332400User:Spaike972014-08-25T18:09:21Z<p>Spaike97: </p>
<hr />
<div>Im currently... <br />
*on [[ArchWiki Translation Team (简体中文)]] Chinese Simplified.<br />
*maintaining [[Arch Translation Day]] in Zhejiang, China.<br />
<br />
:[[User:Spaike97|_spaike97]] &ndash; [[Special:Contributions/Spaike97|Contributions]] &ndash; [[Special:EmailUser/Spaike97|Send Email]]</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=User:Spaike97&diff=332361User:Spaike972014-08-25T12:06:41Z<p>Spaike97: </p>
<hr />
<div>Im currently... <br />
*on [[ArchWiki Translation Team (简体中文)]] Chinese Simplified.<br />
*trying to maintain [[Arch Translation Day]] in Zhejiang, China.<br />
<br />
:[[User:Spaike97|_spaike97]] &ndash; [[Special:Contributions/Spaike97|Contributions]] &ndash; [[Special:EmailUser/Spaike97|Send Email]]</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=User:Spaike97&diff=331733User:Spaike972014-08-21T16:04:28Z<p>Spaike97: creating my own user page</p>
<hr />
<div>Im a translator<br />
:[[User:Spaike97|_spaike97]] &ndash; [[Special:Contributions/Spaike97|Contributions]] &ndash; [[Special:EmailUser/Spaike97|Send Email]]</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Talk:ArchWiki_Translation_Day&diff=331730Talk:ArchWiki Translation Day2014-08-21T15:59:35Z<p>Spaike97: </p>
<hr />
<div>== maintainer ==<br />
<br />
Im interested in maintaining this event. who should I contact to? [[User:Spaike97|_spaike97]] ([[User talk:Spaike97|talk]]) 08:19, 3 August 2014 (UTC)<br />
<br />
:This event was probably originally devised from outside of the wiki, maybe the forums or IRC, or it could have even been the idea of a single person, and I'm not even sure if it's ever come to light, because I've never noticed any differences in the amount of translation contributions "on the first Saturday of every month" :)<br />
:I don't think you need to contact anybody, just think what you expect to obtain from this event: if you want to attract more translators, then you'd better try to advertise it in the bbs or #archlinux, or maybe reddit or the other places where Arch is discussed outside of the wiki, because here you'll only find translators who already contribute at their own pace, possibly in one of the various [[ArchWiki Translation Team]]s.<br />
:-- [[User:Kynikos|Kynikos]] ([[User talk:Kynikos|talk]]) 09:34, 4 August 2014 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Ive got some plans that might help Many thanks :) [[User:Spaike97|_spaike97]] ([[User talk:Spaike97|talk]]) 15:59, 21 August 2014 (UTC)</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Talk:ArchWiki_Translation_Day&diff=331729Talk:ArchWiki Translation Day2014-08-21T15:59:25Z<p>Spaike97: /* maintainer */</p>
<hr />
<div>== maintainer ==<br />
<br />
Im interested in maintaining this event. who should I contact to? [[User:Spaike97|_spaike97]] ([[User talk:Spaike97|talk]]) 08:19, 3 August 2014 (UTC)<br />
<br />
:This event was probably originally devised from outside of the wiki, maybe the forums or IRC, or it could have even been the idea of a single person, and I'm not even sure if it's ever come to light, because I've never noticed any differences in the amount of translation contributions "on the first Saturday of every month" :)<br />
:I don't think you need to contact anybody, just think what you expect to obtain from this event: if you want to attract more translators, then you'd better try to advertise it in the bbs or #archlinux, or maybe reddit or the other places where Arch is discussed outside of the wiki, because here you'll only find translators who already contribute at their own pace, possibly in one of the various [[ArchWiki Translation Team]]s.<br />
:-- [[User:Kynikos|Kynikos]] ([[User talk:Kynikos|talk]]) 09:34, 4 August 2014 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Ive got some plans that might help Many thanks :)</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Mikutter_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=329707Mikutter (简体中文)2014-08-10T12:23:05Z<p>Spaike97: Created page with "Category:Internet Applications (日本語) ja:Mikutter '''mikutter''' は toshi_a によって開発されているオープンソースな Twitter クライアント..."</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Internet Applications (日本語)]]<br />
[[ja:Mikutter]]<br />
'''mikutter''' は toshi_a によって開発されているオープンソースな Twitter クライアントです。mikutter は [[Arch Linux (日本語)]] と [[ruby]] (GUI には [[GTK]] を使用) によって開発されています。<br />
<br />
==インストール==<br />
<br />
mikutter は [[Arch User Repository (日本語)|AUR]] からインストールすることができます。{{pkg|ruby}} が必要です。<br />
<br />
$ yaourt -S mikutter<br />
<br />
==設定==<br />
<br />
{{expansion|ミクダヨー}}<br />
<br />
===プラグイン===<br />
<br />
mikutter はプラグインを追加することで機能を拡張できます。プラグインをインストールするには {{ic|~/.mikutter/plugin}} の下に {{ic|.rb}} ファイルを置くか、プラグイン名のディレクトリを作成し、その中に {{ic|プラグイン名.rb}} という名前のファイルを設置します。<br />
<br />
; [https://github.com/toshia/mikustore みっくストア]<br />
: プラグインの管理。<br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
* [http://mikutter.hachune.net/ mikutter 公式サイト]<br />
* [http://mikutter.tumblr.com/ mikutter news]<br />
* [http://toshia.github.com/writing-mikutter-plugin/ Writing mikutter plugin]<br />
* [http://mikutter.blogspot.jp/ mikutter開発日記]</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Mikutter_(%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E8%AA%9E)&diff=329706Mikutter (日本語)2014-08-10T12:22:21Z<p>Spaike97: localizing</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Internet Applications (日本語)]]<br />
[[zh-cn:Mikutter]]<br />
'''mikutter''' は toshi_a によって開発されているオープンソースな Twitter クライアントです。mikutter は [[Arch Linux (日本語)]] と [[ruby]] (GUI には [[GTK]] を使用) によって開発されています。<br />
<br />
==インストール==<br />
<br />
mikutter は [[Arch User Repository (日本語)|AUR]] からインストールすることができます。{{pkg|ruby}} が必要です。<br />
<br />
$ yaourt -S mikutter<br />
<br />
==設定==<br />
<br />
{{expansion|ミクダヨー}}<br />
<br />
===プラグイン===<br />
<br />
mikutter はプラグインを追加することで機能を拡張できます。プラグインをインストールするには {{ic|~/.mikutter/plugin}} の下に {{ic|.rb}} ファイルを置くか、プラグイン名のディレクトリを作成し、その中に {{ic|プラグイン名.rb}} という名前のファイルを設置します。<br />
<br />
; [https://github.com/toshia/mikustore みっくストア]<br />
: プラグインの管理。<br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
* [http://mikutter.hachune.net/ mikutter 公式サイト]<br />
* [http://mikutter.tumblr.com/ mikutter news]<br />
* [http://toshia.github.com/writing-mikutter-plugin/ Writing mikutter plugin]<br />
* [http://mikutter.blogspot.jp/ mikutter開発日記]</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Disk_cloning_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=329701Disk cloning (简体中文)2014-08-10T11:43:43Z<p>Spaike97: /* External Links */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Data compression and archiving (简体中文)]]<br />
[[Category:System recovery (简体中文)]]<br />
[[it:Disk Cloning]]<br />
[[ru:Disk Cloning]]<br />
[[tr:Disk_klonlama]]<br />
[[en:Disk Cloning]]<br />
{{TranslationStatus (简体中文)|Disk_cloning|2014-08-04|328428}}<br />
{{Translateme (简体中文)}}<br />
磁盘克隆是制作整个硬盘镜像的过程, 其对于复制整个磁盘到别的电脑和备份/恢复都十分有用. 你可以访问[[File recovery (简体中文)|File recovery (简体中文)]], 这是一个专注于文件恢复的页面.<br />
<br />
== 使用dd ==<br />
dd命令是一个简单而多功能且强大的工具. 它可以用于在无视文件系统或操作系统的情况下一块一块的将数据从原始地址复制到目的地. 在live环境比如livecd下使用dd是个方便的做法.<br />
{{Warning|在使用这个工具时请对任何操作保持警惕, 因为它可以破坏你的数据. 请牢记输入文件 <nowiki>(if=) 和输出文件 (of=) 的次序并千万不要颠倒他们! 请确保目的地(也就是分区 (of=) 不能小于源地址 (if=). </nowiki>}}<br />
=== 克隆分区 ===<br />
从物理盘 /dev/sda 的1分区 到物理盘 /dev/sdb 的1分区.<br />
dd if=/dev/sda1 of=/dev/sdb1 bs=4096 conv=notrunc,noerror,sync<br />
如果输出文件 '''''of''''' (在这个例子中是sdb1) 不存在, dd 会从这个磁盘的开头开始并且创建他.<br />
<br />
===克隆整个硬盘===<br />
从物理盘 /dev/sda 到物理盘 /dev/sdb<br />
dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdb bs=4096 conv=notrunc,noerror,sync<br />
这条命令会克隆整个盘, 包括MBR(所以也包括bootloader), 所有的分区、UIUD 以及数据.<br />
*''notrunc'' (也就是'不许删') 通过要求 dd 不对数据进行任何删节来保证数据的统一完整.<br />
*''noerror'' 要求 dd 无视任何读错并继续工作. dd的初始设定是一旦遇到错误就停下.<br />
*''sync'' 对读错误进行清零, 这样数据的开端就可以保持在 sync.<br />
*''bs=4096'' 将block size设置为4k. 这样硬盘读写效率不知道高到哪里去了, 显然这个对克隆速度就是最好的.<br />
{{Note|如果想要重新获得独特的UUID, 请对每个分区都使用 "tune2fs /deb/sdbX -U random".}}<br />
{{Note|dd带来的分区表的改变并不会注册到内核. 如果想要不重启即传达这一变化, 请使用类似于 partprobe(GNU parted 的一部分)的工具来达到目的.<br />
<br />
===Backing up the MBR===<br />
<br />
The MBR is stored in the the first 512 bytes of the disk. It consist of 3 parts:<br />
#The first 446 bytes contain the boot loader.<br />
#The next 64 bytes contain the partition table (4 entries of 16 bytes each, one entry for each primary partition).<br />
#The last 2 bytes contain an identifier<br />
<br />
To save the MBR into the file "mbr.img":<br />
# dd if=/dev/hda of=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img bs=512 count=1<br />
<br />
To restore (be careful : this could destroy your existing partition table and with it access to all data on the disk):<br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda<br />
<br />
If you only want to restore the boot loader, but not the primary partition table entries, just restore the first 446 bytes of the MBR: <br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda bs=446 count=1<br />
<br />
To restore only the partition table, one must use <br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda bs=1 skip=446 count=64<br />
<br />
You can also get the MBR from a full dd disk image.<br />
#dd if=/path/to/disk.img of=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img bs=512 count=1<br />
<br />
===Create disk image===<br />
1. Boot from a liveCD or liveUSB.<br />
<br />
2. Make sure no partitions are mounted from the source hard drive.<br />
<br />
3. Mount the external HD<br />
<br />
4. Backup the drive. <br />
# dd if=/dev/hda conv=sync,noerror bs=64K | gzip -c > /mnt/sda1/hda.img.gz<br />
<br />
5. Save extra information about the drive geometry necessary in order to interpret the partition table stored within the image. The most important of which is the cylinder size. <br />
# fdisk -l /dev/hda > /mnt/sda1/hda_fdisk.info<br />
<br />
'''NOTE:''' You may wish to use a block size (bs=) that is equal to the amount of cache on the HD you are backing up. For example, bs=8192K works for an 8MB cache. The 64K mentioned in this article is better than the default bs=512 bytes, but it will run faster with a larger bs=.<br />
<br />
===Restore system===<br />
<br />
To restore your system:<br />
# gunzip -c /mnt/sda1/hda.img.gz | dd of=/dev/hda<br />
<br />
=== Examples with compression ===<br />
<br />
When you need to create the hard drive or a single partition compressed backup image file you must use compression tools which can do backup from a ''stdout'' and the ''dd'' command. Those compressed files cannot be mounted by the ''mount'' command but are useful to know how to create and restore them.<br />
<br />
==== 7zip ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Pkg|p7zip}} package from the [[official repositories]].<br />
This backup example will split the ''dd'' command output in the files by up to the 100 megabyte each:<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | 7z a -v100m -t7z -si image-file.7z<br />
Restore with 7zip:<br />
7z x -so image-file.7z | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
{{Note|7zip can split only the ''7z'' compression type files}}<br />
<br />
==== Zip ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Pkg|zip}} package from the [[official repositories]], which contains ''zipsplit'' among other utilities for the management of zip archives.<br />
It will create a file with "-" name inside the image-file.zip file which will contain data from the ''dd'' command output. To make a raw output of the file you can use the {{ic|-cp}} option with ''unzip'' in stdout for the ''dd'' command.<br />
Backup:<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | zip --compression-method bzip2 image-file.zip - <br />
Restore:<br />
unzip -cp image-file.zip | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
The ''zip'' tool cannot split files on the fly but you can use the {{ic|zipsplit}} utility on an already created file.<br />
<br />
See also {{ic|man zip}} for more information.<br />
<br />
==== Rar ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Aur|rar}} package from the [[AUR]].<br />
{{Warning| The ''rar'' examples were made based on the manuals, please confirm!}}<br />
This should do a backup and split the creating file on the fly in by up to 150 megabyte files each.<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | rar a -v150m -siimage-file.rar<br />
This should restore<br />
unrar x -p image-file.rar | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
or you can use the ''rar'' instead of the {{Pkg|unrar}} utility. The unrar utility is available in the official repositories and can be installed with {{ic|pacman -S unrar}}.<br />
<br />
==== Bzip2 ====<br />
<br />
Creation by using the ''dd'' is more safe and use to be error free:<br />
{{hc|<nowiki>dd if=/dev/sdXY | bzip2 -f5 > compressedfile.bzip2</nowiki>|<br />
937016+0 records in<br />
937016+0 records out<br />
479752192 bytes (480 MB) copied, 94.7002 s, 5.1 MB/s<br />
}}<br />
<br />
And a safe way of restoring with combination of the ''dd'':<br />
$ bunzip2 -dc compressedfile.bzip2 | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
or<br />
$ bzcat compressedfile.bzip2 | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
{{Warning|Never ever use the {{ic|bzip2 -kdc imgage.bzip2 > /dev/sdXY}} and {{ic|bzip2 -kc /dev/sdXY > imgage.bzip2}} methods for serious backup of partitions and disks. The errors might be due the end of the device or partition and the restore process gives also errors due the truncated end.<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Using cp==<br />
The cp program can be used to clone a disk, one partition at a time. An advantage to using cp is that the filesystem type of the destination partition(s) may be the same or different than the source. For safety, perform the process from a live environment.<br />
{{Note|This method should not be considered in the same category as disk cloning on the level at which dd operates. Also, it has been reported that even with the '''-a''' flag, some extended attributes may not be copied. For better results, rsync or tar should be used.}}<br />
The basic procedure from a live environment will be:<br />
* Create the new destination partition(s) using fdisk, cfdisk or other tools available in the live environment.<br />
* Create a filesystem on each of the newly created partitions. Example:<br />
mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1<br />
* Mount the source and destination partitions. Example:<br />
mount -t ext3 /dev/sda1 /mnt/source<br />
mount -t ext3 /dev/sdb1 /mnt/destination<br />
* Copy the files from the source partition to the destination <br />
cp -a /mnt/source/* /mnt/destination<br />
'''-a''': preserve all attributes , never follow symbolic links and copy recursively <br />
* Change the mount points of the newly cloned partitions in /etc/fstab accordingly<br />
* Finally, install the GRUB bootloader if necessary. (See [[GRUB]])<br />
<br />
==Disk cloning software==<br />
===Disk cloning in Arch===<br />
<br />
* [[Partclone|Partclone]] provides utilities to save and restore used blocks on a partition and supports ext2, ext3, ext4, hfs+, reiserfs, reiser4, btrfs, vmfs3, vmfs5, xfs, jfs, ufs, ntfs, fat(12/16/32) and exfat. Optionally, a ncurses interface can be used. Partclone is available in the community repository.<br />
* [http://www.partimage.org/ Partimage], an ncurses program, is available in the community repos. Partimage does not currently support ext4 or btrfs filesystems. NTFS is experimental.<br />
<br />
===Disk cloning outside of Arch===<br />
If you wish to backup or propagate your Arch install root, you are probably better off booting into something else and clone the partition from there. Some suggestions:<br />
<br />
* [http://partedmagic.com/doku.php?id=start PartedMagic] has a very nice live cd/usb with PartImage and other recovery tools.<br />
* [http://www.mondorescue.org/ Mindi] is a linux distribution specifically for disk clone backup. It comes with its own cloning program, Mondo Rescue.<br />
* [[wikipedia:Acronis_True_Image|Acronis True Image]] is a commercial disk cloner for Windows. It allows you to create a live (from within Windows), so you do not need a working Windows install on the actual machine to use it. After regitratinon of the Acronis software on their website, you will be able to download a Linux based Live cd and/or plugins for BartPE for creation of the Windows based live cd.<br />
* [http://www.fsarchiver.org/Main_Page FSArchiver] allows you to save the contents of a file system to a compressed archive file. Can be found on the [http://www.sysresccd.org/Main_Page System Rescue CD].<br />
* [http://clonezilla.org/ Clonezilla] is an enhanced partition imager which can also restore entire disks as well as partitions.<br />
* [http://redobackup.org/ Redo Backup and Recovery ] is a Live CD featuring a graphical front-end to partclone.<br />
<br />
==外部链接==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:List of disk cloning software]]<br />
* [https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=4329 Arch Linux forum thread]</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Disk_cloning_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=329700Disk cloning (简体中文)2014-08-10T11:43:13Z<p>Spaike97: /* 克隆整个硬盘 */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Data compression and archiving (简体中文)]]<br />
[[Category:System recovery (简体中文)]]<br />
[[it:Disk Cloning]]<br />
[[ru:Disk Cloning]]<br />
[[tr:Disk_klonlama]]<br />
[[en:Disk Cloning]]<br />
{{TranslationStatus (简体中文)|Disk_cloning|2014-08-04|328428}}<br />
{{Translateme (简体中文)}}<br />
磁盘克隆是制作整个硬盘镜像的过程, 其对于复制整个磁盘到别的电脑和备份/恢复都十分有用. 你可以访问[[File recovery (简体中文)|File recovery (简体中文)]], 这是一个专注于文件恢复的页面.<br />
<br />
== 使用dd ==<br />
dd命令是一个简单而多功能且强大的工具. 它可以用于在无视文件系统或操作系统的情况下一块一块的将数据从原始地址复制到目的地. 在live环境比如livecd下使用dd是个方便的做法.<br />
{{Warning|在使用这个工具时请对任何操作保持警惕, 因为它可以破坏你的数据. 请牢记输入文件 <nowiki>(if=) 和输出文件 (of=) 的次序并千万不要颠倒他们! 请确保目的地(也就是分区 (of=) 不能小于源地址 (if=). </nowiki>}}<br />
=== 克隆分区 ===<br />
从物理盘 /dev/sda 的1分区 到物理盘 /dev/sdb 的1分区.<br />
dd if=/dev/sda1 of=/dev/sdb1 bs=4096 conv=notrunc,noerror,sync<br />
如果输出文件 '''''of''''' (在这个例子中是sdb1) 不存在, dd 会从这个磁盘的开头开始并且创建他.<br />
<br />
===克隆整个硬盘===<br />
从物理盘 /dev/sda 到物理盘 /dev/sdb<br />
dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdb bs=4096 conv=notrunc,noerror,sync<br />
这条命令会克隆整个盘, 包括MBR(所以也包括bootloader), 所有的分区、UIUD 以及数据.<br />
*''notrunc'' (也就是'不许删') 通过要求 dd 不对数据进行任何删节来保证数据的统一完整.<br />
*''noerror'' 要求 dd 无视任何读错并继续工作. dd的初始设定是一旦遇到错误就停下.<br />
*''sync'' 对读错误进行清零, 这样数据的开端就可以保持在 sync.<br />
*''bs=4096'' 将block size设置为4k. 这样硬盘读写效率不知道高到哪里去了, 显然这个对克隆速度就是最好的.<br />
{{Note|如果想要重新获得独特的UUID, 请对每个分区都使用 "tune2fs /deb/sdbX -U random".}}<br />
{{Note|dd带来的分区表的改变并不会注册到内核. 如果想要不重启即传达这一变化, 请使用类似于 partprobe(GNU parted 的一部分)的工具来达到目的.<br />
<br />
===Backing up the MBR===<br />
<br />
The MBR is stored in the the first 512 bytes of the disk. It consist of 3 parts:<br />
#The first 446 bytes contain the boot loader.<br />
#The next 64 bytes contain the partition table (4 entries of 16 bytes each, one entry for each primary partition).<br />
#The last 2 bytes contain an identifier<br />
<br />
To save the MBR into the file "mbr.img":<br />
# dd if=/dev/hda of=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img bs=512 count=1<br />
<br />
To restore (be careful : this could destroy your existing partition table and with it access to all data on the disk):<br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda<br />
<br />
If you only want to restore the boot loader, but not the primary partition table entries, just restore the first 446 bytes of the MBR: <br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda bs=446 count=1<br />
<br />
To restore only the partition table, one must use <br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda bs=1 skip=446 count=64<br />
<br />
You can also get the MBR from a full dd disk image.<br />
#dd if=/path/to/disk.img of=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img bs=512 count=1<br />
<br />
===Create disk image===<br />
1. Boot from a liveCD or liveUSB.<br />
<br />
2. Make sure no partitions are mounted from the source hard drive.<br />
<br />
3. Mount the external HD<br />
<br />
4. Backup the drive. <br />
# dd if=/dev/hda conv=sync,noerror bs=64K | gzip -c > /mnt/sda1/hda.img.gz<br />
<br />
5. Save extra information about the drive geometry necessary in order to interpret the partition table stored within the image. The most important of which is the cylinder size. <br />
# fdisk -l /dev/hda > /mnt/sda1/hda_fdisk.info<br />
<br />
'''NOTE:''' You may wish to use a block size (bs=) that is equal to the amount of cache on the HD you are backing up. For example, bs=8192K works for an 8MB cache. The 64K mentioned in this article is better than the default bs=512 bytes, but it will run faster with a larger bs=.<br />
<br />
===Restore system===<br />
<br />
To restore your system:<br />
# gunzip -c /mnt/sda1/hda.img.gz | dd of=/dev/hda<br />
<br />
=== Examples with compression ===<br />
<br />
When you need to create the hard drive or a single partition compressed backup image file you must use compression tools which can do backup from a ''stdout'' and the ''dd'' command. Those compressed files cannot be mounted by the ''mount'' command but are useful to know how to create and restore them.<br />
<br />
==== 7zip ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Pkg|p7zip}} package from the [[official repositories]].<br />
This backup example will split the ''dd'' command output in the files by up to the 100 megabyte each:<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | 7z a -v100m -t7z -si image-file.7z<br />
Restore with 7zip:<br />
7z x -so image-file.7z | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
{{Note|7zip can split only the ''7z'' compression type files}}<br />
<br />
==== Zip ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Pkg|zip}} package from the [[official repositories]], which contains ''zipsplit'' among other utilities for the management of zip archives.<br />
It will create a file with "-" name inside the image-file.zip file which will contain data from the ''dd'' command output. To make a raw output of the file you can use the {{ic|-cp}} option with ''unzip'' in stdout for the ''dd'' command.<br />
Backup:<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | zip --compression-method bzip2 image-file.zip - <br />
Restore:<br />
unzip -cp image-file.zip | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
The ''zip'' tool cannot split files on the fly but you can use the {{ic|zipsplit}} utility on an already created file.<br />
<br />
See also {{ic|man zip}} for more information.<br />
<br />
==== Rar ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Aur|rar}} package from the [[AUR]].<br />
{{Warning| The ''rar'' examples were made based on the manuals, please confirm!}}<br />
This should do a backup and split the creating file on the fly in by up to 150 megabyte files each.<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | rar a -v150m -siimage-file.rar<br />
This should restore<br />
unrar x -p image-file.rar | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
or you can use the ''rar'' instead of the {{Pkg|unrar}} utility. The unrar utility is available in the official repositories and can be installed with {{ic|pacman -S unrar}}.<br />
<br />
==== Bzip2 ====<br />
<br />
Creation by using the ''dd'' is more safe and use to be error free:<br />
{{hc|<nowiki>dd if=/dev/sdXY | bzip2 -f5 > compressedfile.bzip2</nowiki>|<br />
937016+0 records in<br />
937016+0 records out<br />
479752192 bytes (480 MB) copied, 94.7002 s, 5.1 MB/s<br />
}}<br />
<br />
And a safe way of restoring with combination of the ''dd'':<br />
$ bunzip2 -dc compressedfile.bzip2 | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
or<br />
$ bzcat compressedfile.bzip2 | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
{{Warning|Never ever use the {{ic|bzip2 -kdc imgage.bzip2 > /dev/sdXY}} and {{ic|bzip2 -kc /dev/sdXY > imgage.bzip2}} methods for serious backup of partitions and disks. The errors might be due the end of the device or partition and the restore process gives also errors due the truncated end.<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Using cp==<br />
The cp program can be used to clone a disk, one partition at a time. An advantage to using cp is that the filesystem type of the destination partition(s) may be the same or different than the source. For safety, perform the process from a live environment.<br />
{{Note|This method should not be considered in the same category as disk cloning on the level at which dd operates. Also, it has been reported that even with the '''-a''' flag, some extended attributes may not be copied. For better results, rsync or tar should be used.}}<br />
The basic procedure from a live environment will be:<br />
* Create the new destination partition(s) using fdisk, cfdisk or other tools available in the live environment.<br />
* Create a filesystem on each of the newly created partitions. Example:<br />
mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1<br />
* Mount the source and destination partitions. Example:<br />
mount -t ext3 /dev/sda1 /mnt/source<br />
mount -t ext3 /dev/sdb1 /mnt/destination<br />
* Copy the files from the source partition to the destination <br />
cp -a /mnt/source/* /mnt/destination<br />
'''-a''': preserve all attributes , never follow symbolic links and copy recursively <br />
* Change the mount points of the newly cloned partitions in /etc/fstab accordingly<br />
* Finally, install the GRUB bootloader if necessary. (See [[GRUB]])<br />
<br />
==Disk cloning software==<br />
===Disk cloning in Arch===<br />
<br />
* [[Partclone|Partclone]] provides utilities to save and restore used blocks on a partition and supports ext2, ext3, ext4, hfs+, reiserfs, reiser4, btrfs, vmfs3, vmfs5, xfs, jfs, ufs, ntfs, fat(12/16/32) and exfat. Optionally, a ncurses interface can be used. Partclone is available in the community repository.<br />
* [http://www.partimage.org/ Partimage], an ncurses program, is available in the community repos. Partimage does not currently support ext4 or btrfs filesystems. NTFS is experimental.<br />
<br />
===Disk cloning outside of Arch===<br />
If you wish to backup or propagate your Arch install root, you are probably better off booting into something else and clone the partition from there. Some suggestions:<br />
<br />
* [http://partedmagic.com/doku.php?id=start PartedMagic] has a very nice live cd/usb with PartImage and other recovery tools.<br />
* [http://www.mondorescue.org/ Mindi] is a linux distribution specifically for disk clone backup. It comes with its own cloning program, Mondo Rescue.<br />
* [[wikipedia:Acronis_True_Image|Acronis True Image]] is a commercial disk cloner for Windows. It allows you to create a live (from within Windows), so you do not need a working Windows install on the actual machine to use it. After regitratinon of the Acronis software on their website, you will be able to download a Linux based Live cd and/or plugins for BartPE for creation of the Windows based live cd.<br />
* [http://www.fsarchiver.org/Main_Page FSArchiver] allows you to save the contents of a file system to a compressed archive file. Can be found on the [http://www.sysresccd.org/Main_Page System Rescue CD].<br />
* [http://clonezilla.org/ Clonezilla] is an enhanced partition imager which can also restore entire disks as well as partitions.<br />
* [http://redobackup.org/ Redo Backup and Recovery ] is a Live CD featuring a graphical front-end to partclone.<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:List of disk cloning software]]<br />
* [https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=4329 Arch Linux forum thread]</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Disk_cloning_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=329671Disk cloning (简体中文)2014-08-10T08:04:15Z<p>Spaike97: /* Cloning an entire hard disk */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Data compression and archiving (简体中文)]]<br />
[[Category:System recovery (简体中文)]]<br />
[[it:Disk Cloning]]<br />
[[ru:Disk Cloning]]<br />
[[tr:Disk_klonlama]]<br />
[[en:Disk Cloning]]<br />
{{TranslationStatus (简体中文)|Disk_cloning|2014-08-04|328428}}<br />
{{Translateme (简体中文)}}<br />
磁盘克隆是制作整个硬盘镜像的过程, 其对于复制整个磁盘到别的电脑和备份/恢复都十分有用. 你可以访问[[File recovery (简体中文)|File recovery (简体中文)]], 这是一个专注于文件恢复的页面.<br />
<br />
== 使用dd ==<br />
dd命令是一个简单而多功能且强大的工具. 它可以用于在无视文件系统或操作系统的情况下一块一块的将数据从原始地址复制到目的地. 在live环境比如livecd下使用dd是个方便的做法.<br />
{{Warning|在使用这个工具时请对任何操作保持警惕, 因为它可以破坏你的数据. 请牢记输入文件 <nowiki>(if=) 和输出文件 (of=) 的次序并千万不要颠倒他们! 请确保目的地(也就是分区 (of=) 不能小于源地址 (if=). </nowiki>}}<br />
=== 克隆分区 ===<br />
从物理盘 /dev/sda 的1分区 到物理盘 /dev/sdb 的1分区.<br />
dd if=/dev/sda1 of=/dev/sdb1 bs=4096 conv=notrunc,noerror,sync<br />
如果输出文件 '''''of''''' (在这个例子中是sdb1) 不存在, dd 会从这个磁盘的开头开始并且创建他.<br />
<br />
===克隆整个硬盘===<br />
从物理盘 /dev/sda 到物理盘 /dev/sdb<br />
dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdb bs=4096 conv=notrunc,noerror,sync<br />
这条命令会克隆整个盘, 包括MBR(所以也包括bootloader), 所有的分区、UIUD 以及数据.<br />
*''notrunc'' (也就是'不许删') 通过要求 dd 不对数据进行任何删节来保证数据的统一完整.<br />
*''noerror'' 要求 dd 无视任何读错并继续工作. dd的初始设定是一旦遇到错误就停下.<br />
*''sync'' 对读错误进行清零, 这样数据的开端就可以保持在 sync.<br />
*''bs=4096'' 将块尺寸设置到4k. 这个尺寸对硬盘读写效率不知道高到哪里去了, 所以这个对克隆速度就是最好的.<br />
{{Note|如果想要重新获得独特的UUID, 请对每个分区都使用 "tune2fs /deb/sdbX -U random".}}<br />
{{Note|dd带来的分区表的改变并不会注册到内核. 如果想要不重启即传达这一变化, 请使用类似于 partprobe(GNU parted 的一部分)的工具来达到目的.<br />
<br />
===Backing up the MBR===<br />
<br />
The MBR is stored in the the first 512 bytes of the disk. It consist of 3 parts:<br />
#The first 446 bytes contain the boot loader.<br />
#The next 64 bytes contain the partition table (4 entries of 16 bytes each, one entry for each primary partition).<br />
#The last 2 bytes contain an identifier<br />
<br />
To save the MBR into the file "mbr.img":<br />
# dd if=/dev/hda of=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img bs=512 count=1<br />
<br />
To restore (be careful : this could destroy your existing partition table and with it access to all data on the disk):<br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda<br />
<br />
If you only want to restore the boot loader, but not the primary partition table entries, just restore the first 446 bytes of the MBR: <br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda bs=446 count=1<br />
<br />
To restore only the partition table, one must use <br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda bs=1 skip=446 count=64<br />
<br />
You can also get the MBR from a full dd disk image.<br />
#dd if=/path/to/disk.img of=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img bs=512 count=1<br />
<br />
===Create disk image===<br />
1. Boot from a liveCD or liveUSB.<br />
<br />
2. Make sure no partitions are mounted from the source hard drive.<br />
<br />
3. Mount the external HD<br />
<br />
4. Backup the drive. <br />
# dd if=/dev/hda conv=sync,noerror bs=64K | gzip -c > /mnt/sda1/hda.img.gz<br />
<br />
5. Save extra information about the drive geometry necessary in order to interpret the partition table stored within the image. The most important of which is the cylinder size. <br />
# fdisk -l /dev/hda > /mnt/sda1/hda_fdisk.info<br />
<br />
'''NOTE:''' You may wish to use a block size (bs=) that is equal to the amount of cache on the HD you are backing up. For example, bs=8192K works for an 8MB cache. The 64K mentioned in this article is better than the default bs=512 bytes, but it will run faster with a larger bs=.<br />
<br />
===Restore system===<br />
<br />
To restore your system:<br />
# gunzip -c /mnt/sda1/hda.img.gz | dd of=/dev/hda<br />
<br />
=== Examples with compression ===<br />
<br />
When you need to create the hard drive or a single partition compressed backup image file you must use compression tools which can do backup from a ''stdout'' and the ''dd'' command. Those compressed files cannot be mounted by the ''mount'' command but are useful to know how to create and restore them.<br />
<br />
==== 7zip ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Pkg|p7zip}} package from the [[official repositories]].<br />
This backup example will split the ''dd'' command output in the files by up to the 100 megabyte each:<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | 7z a -v100m -t7z -si image-file.7z<br />
Restore with 7zip:<br />
7z x -so image-file.7z | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
{{Note|7zip can split only the ''7z'' compression type files}}<br />
<br />
==== Zip ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Pkg|zip}} package from the [[official repositories]], which contains ''zipsplit'' among other utilities for the management of zip archives.<br />
It will create a file with "-" name inside the image-file.zip file which will contain data from the ''dd'' command output. To make a raw output of the file you can use the {{ic|-cp}} option with ''unzip'' in stdout for the ''dd'' command.<br />
Backup:<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | zip --compression-method bzip2 image-file.zip - <br />
Restore:<br />
unzip -cp image-file.zip | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
The ''zip'' tool cannot split files on the fly but you can use the {{ic|zipsplit}} utility on an already created file.<br />
<br />
See also {{ic|man zip}} for more information.<br />
<br />
==== Rar ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Aur|rar}} package from the [[AUR]].<br />
{{Warning| The ''rar'' examples were made based on the manuals, please confirm!}}<br />
This should do a backup and split the creating file on the fly in by up to 150 megabyte files each.<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | rar a -v150m -siimage-file.rar<br />
This should restore<br />
unrar x -p image-file.rar | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
or you can use the ''rar'' instead of the {{Pkg|unrar}} utility. The unrar utility is available in the official repositories and can be installed with {{ic|pacman -S unrar}}.<br />
<br />
==== Bzip2 ====<br />
<br />
Creation by using the ''dd'' is more safe and use to be error free:<br />
{{hc|<nowiki>dd if=/dev/sdXY | bzip2 -f5 > compressedfile.bzip2</nowiki>|<br />
937016+0 records in<br />
937016+0 records out<br />
479752192 bytes (480 MB) copied, 94.7002 s, 5.1 MB/s<br />
}}<br />
<br />
And a safe way of restoring with combination of the ''dd'':<br />
$ bunzip2 -dc compressedfile.bzip2 | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
or<br />
$ bzcat compressedfile.bzip2 | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
{{Warning|Never ever use the {{ic|bzip2 -kdc imgage.bzip2 > /dev/sdXY}} and {{ic|bzip2 -kc /dev/sdXY > imgage.bzip2}} methods for serious backup of partitions and disks. The errors might be due the end of the device or partition and the restore process gives also errors due the truncated end.<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Using cp==<br />
The cp program can be used to clone a disk, one partition at a time. An advantage to using cp is that the filesystem type of the destination partition(s) may be the same or different than the source. For safety, perform the process from a live environment.<br />
{{Note|This method should not be considered in the same category as disk cloning on the level at which dd operates. Also, it has been reported that even with the '''-a''' flag, some extended attributes may not be copied. For better results, rsync or tar should be used.}}<br />
The basic procedure from a live environment will be:<br />
* Create the new destination partition(s) using fdisk, cfdisk or other tools available in the live environment.<br />
* Create a filesystem on each of the newly created partitions. Example:<br />
mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1<br />
* Mount the source and destination partitions. Example:<br />
mount -t ext3 /dev/sda1 /mnt/source<br />
mount -t ext3 /dev/sdb1 /mnt/destination<br />
* Copy the files from the source partition to the destination <br />
cp -a /mnt/source/* /mnt/destination<br />
'''-a''': preserve all attributes , never follow symbolic links and copy recursively <br />
* Change the mount points of the newly cloned partitions in /etc/fstab accordingly<br />
* Finally, install the GRUB bootloader if necessary. (See [[GRUB]])<br />
<br />
==Disk cloning software==<br />
===Disk cloning in Arch===<br />
<br />
* [[Partclone|Partclone]] provides utilities to save and restore used blocks on a partition and supports ext2, ext3, ext4, hfs+, reiserfs, reiser4, btrfs, vmfs3, vmfs5, xfs, jfs, ufs, ntfs, fat(12/16/32) and exfat. Optionally, a ncurses interface can be used. Partclone is available in the community repository.<br />
* [http://www.partimage.org/ Partimage], an ncurses program, is available in the community repos. Partimage does not currently support ext4 or btrfs filesystems. NTFS is experimental.<br />
<br />
===Disk cloning outside of Arch===<br />
If you wish to backup or propagate your Arch install root, you are probably better off booting into something else and clone the partition from there. Some suggestions:<br />
<br />
* [http://partedmagic.com/doku.php?id=start PartedMagic] has a very nice live cd/usb with PartImage and other recovery tools.<br />
* [http://www.mondorescue.org/ Mindi] is a linux distribution specifically for disk clone backup. It comes with its own cloning program, Mondo Rescue.<br />
* [[wikipedia:Acronis_True_Image|Acronis True Image]] is a commercial disk cloner for Windows. It allows you to create a live (from within Windows), so you do not need a working Windows install on the actual machine to use it. After regitratinon of the Acronis software on their website, you will be able to download a Linux based Live cd and/or plugins for BartPE for creation of the Windows based live cd.<br />
* [http://www.fsarchiver.org/Main_Page FSArchiver] allows you to save the contents of a file system to a compressed archive file. Can be found on the [http://www.sysresccd.org/Main_Page System Rescue CD].<br />
* [http://clonezilla.org/ Clonezilla] is an enhanced partition imager which can also restore entire disks as well as partitions.<br />
* [http://redobackup.org/ Redo Backup and Recovery ] is a Live CD featuring a graphical front-end to partclone.<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:List of disk cloning software]]<br />
* [https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=4329 Arch Linux forum thread]</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Disk_cloning_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=329665Disk cloning (简体中文)2014-08-10T07:41:18Z<p>Spaike97: /* 克隆分区 */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Data compression and archiving (简体中文)]]<br />
[[Category:System recovery (简体中文)]]<br />
[[it:Disk Cloning]]<br />
[[ru:Disk Cloning]]<br />
[[tr:Disk_klonlama]]<br />
[[en:Disk Cloning]]<br />
{{TranslationStatus (简体中文)|Disk_cloning|2014-08-04|328428}}<br />
{{Translateme (简体中文)}}<br />
磁盘克隆是制作整个硬盘镜像的过程, 其对于复制整个磁盘到别的电脑和备份/恢复都十分有用. 你可以访问[[File recovery (简体中文)|File recovery (简体中文)]], 这是一个专注于文件恢复的页面.<br />
<br />
== 使用dd ==<br />
dd命令是一个简单而多功能且强大的工具. 它可以用于在无视文件系统或操作系统的情况下一块一块的将数据从原始地址复制到目的地. 在live环境比如livecd下使用dd是个方便的做法.<br />
{{Warning|在使用这个工具时请对任何操作保持警惕, 因为它可以破坏你的数据. 请牢记输入文件 <nowiki>(if=) 和输出文件 (of=) 的次序并千万不要颠倒他们! 请确保目的地(也就是分区 (of=) 不能小于源地址 (if=). </nowiki>}}<br />
=== 克隆分区 ===<br />
从物理盘 /dev/sda 的1分区 到物理盘 /dev/sdb 的1分区.<br />
dd if=/dev/sda1 of=/dev/sdb1 bs=4096 conv=notrunc,noerror,sync<br />
如果输出文件 '''''of''''' (在这个例子中是sdb1) 不存在, dd 会从这个磁盘的开头开始并且创建他.<br />
<br />
===Cloning an entire hard disk===<br />
From physical disk /dev/sda to physical disk /dev/sdb<br />
dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdb bs=4096 conv=notrunc,noerror,sync<br />
This will clone the entire drive, including MBR (and therefore bootloader), all partitions, UUIDs, and data.<br />
*''notrunc'' or 'do not truncate' maintains data integrity by instructing dd not to truncate any data. <br />
*''noerror'' instructs dd to continue operation, ignoring all read errors. Default behavior for dd is to halt at any error. <br />
*''sync'' writes zeroes for read errors, so data offsets stay in sync.<br />
*''bs=4096'' sets the block size to 4k, an optimal size for hard disk read/write efficiency and therefore, cloning speed.<br />
{{Note|To regain unique UUIDs, use "tune2fs /dev/sdbX -U random" on every partitions.}}<br />
{{Note|Partition table changes from dd are not be registered by the kernel. To notify of changes without rebooting, use a utility like partprobe (part of GNU parted).}}<br />
<br />
===Backing up the MBR===<br />
<br />
The MBR is stored in the the first 512 bytes of the disk. It consist of 3 parts:<br />
#The first 446 bytes contain the boot loader.<br />
#The next 64 bytes contain the partition table (4 entries of 16 bytes each, one entry for each primary partition).<br />
#The last 2 bytes contain an identifier<br />
<br />
To save the MBR into the file "mbr.img":<br />
# dd if=/dev/hda of=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img bs=512 count=1<br />
<br />
To restore (be careful : this could destroy your existing partition table and with it access to all data on the disk):<br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda<br />
<br />
If you only want to restore the boot loader, but not the primary partition table entries, just restore the first 446 bytes of the MBR: <br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda bs=446 count=1<br />
<br />
To restore only the partition table, one must use <br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda bs=1 skip=446 count=64<br />
<br />
You can also get the MBR from a full dd disk image.<br />
#dd if=/path/to/disk.img of=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img bs=512 count=1<br />
<br />
===Create disk image===<br />
1. Boot from a liveCD or liveUSB.<br />
<br />
2. Make sure no partitions are mounted from the source hard drive.<br />
<br />
3. Mount the external HD<br />
<br />
4. Backup the drive. <br />
# dd if=/dev/hda conv=sync,noerror bs=64K | gzip -c > /mnt/sda1/hda.img.gz<br />
<br />
5. Save extra information about the drive geometry necessary in order to interpret the partition table stored within the image. The most important of which is the cylinder size. <br />
# fdisk -l /dev/hda > /mnt/sda1/hda_fdisk.info<br />
<br />
'''NOTE:''' You may wish to use a block size (bs=) that is equal to the amount of cache on the HD you are backing up. For example, bs=8192K works for an 8MB cache. The 64K mentioned in this article is better than the default bs=512 bytes, but it will run faster with a larger bs=.<br />
<br />
===Restore system===<br />
<br />
To restore your system:<br />
# gunzip -c /mnt/sda1/hda.img.gz | dd of=/dev/hda<br />
<br />
=== Examples with compression ===<br />
<br />
When you need to create the hard drive or a single partition compressed backup image file you must use compression tools which can do backup from a ''stdout'' and the ''dd'' command. Those compressed files cannot be mounted by the ''mount'' command but are useful to know how to create and restore them.<br />
<br />
==== 7zip ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Pkg|p7zip}} package from the [[official repositories]].<br />
This backup example will split the ''dd'' command output in the files by up to the 100 megabyte each:<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | 7z a -v100m -t7z -si image-file.7z<br />
Restore with 7zip:<br />
7z x -so image-file.7z | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
{{Note|7zip can split only the ''7z'' compression type files}}<br />
<br />
==== Zip ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Pkg|zip}} package from the [[official repositories]], which contains ''zipsplit'' among other utilities for the management of zip archives.<br />
It will create a file with "-" name inside the image-file.zip file which will contain data from the ''dd'' command output. To make a raw output of the file you can use the {{ic|-cp}} option with ''unzip'' in stdout for the ''dd'' command.<br />
Backup:<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | zip --compression-method bzip2 image-file.zip - <br />
Restore:<br />
unzip -cp image-file.zip | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
The ''zip'' tool cannot split files on the fly but you can use the {{ic|zipsplit}} utility on an already created file.<br />
<br />
See also {{ic|man zip}} for more information.<br />
<br />
==== Rar ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Aur|rar}} package from the [[AUR]].<br />
{{Warning| The ''rar'' examples were made based on the manuals, please confirm!}}<br />
This should do a backup and split the creating file on the fly in by up to 150 megabyte files each.<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | rar a -v150m -siimage-file.rar<br />
This should restore<br />
unrar x -p image-file.rar | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
or you can use the ''rar'' instead of the {{Pkg|unrar}} utility. The unrar utility is available in the official repositories and can be installed with {{ic|pacman -S unrar}}.<br />
<br />
==== Bzip2 ====<br />
<br />
Creation by using the ''dd'' is more safe and use to be error free:<br />
{{hc|<nowiki>dd if=/dev/sdXY | bzip2 -f5 > compressedfile.bzip2</nowiki>|<br />
937016+0 records in<br />
937016+0 records out<br />
479752192 bytes (480 MB) copied, 94.7002 s, 5.1 MB/s<br />
}}<br />
<br />
And a safe way of restoring with combination of the ''dd'':<br />
$ bunzip2 -dc compressedfile.bzip2 | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
or<br />
$ bzcat compressedfile.bzip2 | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
{{Warning|Never ever use the {{ic|bzip2 -kdc imgage.bzip2 > /dev/sdXY}} and {{ic|bzip2 -kc /dev/sdXY > imgage.bzip2}} methods for serious backup of partitions and disks. The errors might be due the end of the device or partition and the restore process gives also errors due the truncated end.<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Using cp==<br />
The cp program can be used to clone a disk, one partition at a time. An advantage to using cp is that the filesystem type of the destination partition(s) may be the same or different than the source. For safety, perform the process from a live environment.<br />
{{Note|This method should not be considered in the same category as disk cloning on the level at which dd operates. Also, it has been reported that even with the '''-a''' flag, some extended attributes may not be copied. For better results, rsync or tar should be used.}}<br />
The basic procedure from a live environment will be:<br />
* Create the new destination partition(s) using fdisk, cfdisk or other tools available in the live environment.<br />
* Create a filesystem on each of the newly created partitions. Example:<br />
mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1<br />
* Mount the source and destination partitions. Example:<br />
mount -t ext3 /dev/sda1 /mnt/source<br />
mount -t ext3 /dev/sdb1 /mnt/destination<br />
* Copy the files from the source partition to the destination <br />
cp -a /mnt/source/* /mnt/destination<br />
'''-a''': preserve all attributes , never follow symbolic links and copy recursively <br />
* Change the mount points of the newly cloned partitions in /etc/fstab accordingly<br />
* Finally, install the GRUB bootloader if necessary. (See [[GRUB]])<br />
<br />
==Disk cloning software==<br />
===Disk cloning in Arch===<br />
<br />
* [[Partclone|Partclone]] provides utilities to save and restore used blocks on a partition and supports ext2, ext3, ext4, hfs+, reiserfs, reiser4, btrfs, vmfs3, vmfs5, xfs, jfs, ufs, ntfs, fat(12/16/32) and exfat. Optionally, a ncurses interface can be used. Partclone is available in the community repository.<br />
* [http://www.partimage.org/ Partimage], an ncurses program, is available in the community repos. Partimage does not currently support ext4 or btrfs filesystems. NTFS is experimental.<br />
<br />
===Disk cloning outside of Arch===<br />
If you wish to backup or propagate your Arch install root, you are probably better off booting into something else and clone the partition from there. Some suggestions:<br />
<br />
* [http://partedmagic.com/doku.php?id=start PartedMagic] has a very nice live cd/usb with PartImage and other recovery tools.<br />
* [http://www.mondorescue.org/ Mindi] is a linux distribution specifically for disk clone backup. It comes with its own cloning program, Mondo Rescue.<br />
* [[wikipedia:Acronis_True_Image|Acronis True Image]] is a commercial disk cloner for Windows. It allows you to create a live (from within Windows), so you do not need a working Windows install on the actual machine to use it. After regitratinon of the Acronis software on their website, you will be able to download a Linux based Live cd and/or plugins for BartPE for creation of the Windows based live cd.<br />
* [http://www.fsarchiver.org/Main_Page FSArchiver] allows you to save the contents of a file system to a compressed archive file. Can be found on the [http://www.sysresccd.org/Main_Page System Rescue CD].<br />
* [http://clonezilla.org/ Clonezilla] is an enhanced partition imager which can also restore entire disks as well as partitions.<br />
* [http://redobackup.org/ Redo Backup and Recovery ] is a Live CD featuring a graphical front-end to partclone.<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:List of disk cloning software]]<br />
* [https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=4329 Arch Linux forum thread]</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Disk_cloning_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=328870Disk cloning (简体中文)2014-08-05T16:43:39Z<p>Spaike97: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Data compression and archiving (简体中文)]]<br />
[[Category:System recovery (简体中文)]]<br />
[[it:Disk Cloning]]<br />
[[ru:Disk Cloning]]<br />
[[tr:Disk_klonlama]]<br />
[[en:Disk Cloning]]<br />
{{TranslationStatus (简体中文)|Disk_cloning|2014-08-04|328428}}<br />
{{Translateme (简体中文)}}<br />
磁盘克隆是制作整个硬盘镜像的过程, 其对于复制整个磁盘到别的电脑和备份/恢复都十分有用. 你可以访问[[File recovery (简体中文)|File recovery (简体中文)]], 这是一个专注于文件恢复的页面.<br />
<br />
== 使用dd ==<br />
dd命令是一个简单而多功能且强大的工具. 它可以用于在无视文件系统或操作系统的情况下一块一块的将数据从原始地址复制到目的地. 在live环境比如livecd下使用dd是个方便的做法.<br />
{{Warning|在使用这个工具时请对任何操作保持警惕, 因为它可以破坏你的数据. 请牢记输入文件 <nowiki>(if=) 和输出文件 (of=) 的次序并千万不要颠倒他们! 请确保目的地(也就是分区 (of=) 不能小于源地址 (if=). </nowiki>}}<br />
=== 克隆分区 ===<br />
From physical disk /dev/sda, partition 1, to physical disk /dev/sdb, partition 1.<br />
dd if=/dev/sda1 of=/dev/sdb1 bs=4096 conv=notrunc,noerror,sync<br />
If output file '''''of''''' (sdb1 in the example) does not exist, dd will start at the beginning of the disk and create it. <br />
<br />
===Cloning an entire hard disk===<br />
From physical disk /dev/sda to physical disk /dev/sdb<br />
dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdb bs=4096 conv=notrunc,noerror,sync<br />
This will clone the entire drive, including MBR (and therefore bootloader), all partitions, UUIDs, and data.<br />
*''notrunc'' or 'do not truncate' maintains data integrity by instructing dd not to truncate any data. <br />
*''noerror'' instructs dd to continue operation, ignoring all read errors. Default behavior for dd is to halt at any error. <br />
*''sync'' writes zeroes for read errors, so data offsets stay in sync.<br />
*''bs=4096'' sets the block size to 4k, an optimal size for hard disk read/write efficiency and therefore, cloning speed.<br />
{{Note|To regain unique UUIDs, use "tune2fs /dev/sdbX -U random" on every partitions.}}<br />
{{Note|Partition table changes from dd are not be registered by the kernel. To notify of changes without rebooting, use a utility like partprobe (part of GNU parted).}}<br />
<br />
===Backing up the MBR===<br />
<br />
The MBR is stored in the the first 512 bytes of the disk. It consist of 3 parts:<br />
#The first 446 bytes contain the boot loader.<br />
#The next 64 bytes contain the partition table (4 entries of 16 bytes each, one entry for each primary partition).<br />
#The last 2 bytes contain an identifier<br />
<br />
To save the MBR into the file "mbr.img":<br />
# dd if=/dev/hda of=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img bs=512 count=1<br />
<br />
To restore (be careful : this could destroy your existing partition table and with it access to all data on the disk):<br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda<br />
<br />
If you only want to restore the boot loader, but not the primary partition table entries, just restore the first 446 bytes of the MBR: <br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda bs=446 count=1<br />
<br />
To restore only the partition table, one must use <br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda bs=1 skip=446 count=64<br />
<br />
You can also get the MBR from a full dd disk image.<br />
#dd if=/path/to/disk.img of=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img bs=512 count=1<br />
<br />
===Create disk image===<br />
1. Boot from a liveCD or liveUSB.<br />
<br />
2. Make sure no partitions are mounted from the source hard drive.<br />
<br />
3. Mount the external HD<br />
<br />
4. Backup the drive. <br />
# dd if=/dev/hda conv=sync,noerror bs=64K | gzip -c > /mnt/sda1/hda.img.gz<br />
<br />
5. Save extra information about the drive geometry necessary in order to interpret the partition table stored within the image. The most important of which is the cylinder size. <br />
# fdisk -l /dev/hda > /mnt/sda1/hda_fdisk.info<br />
<br />
'''NOTE:''' You may wish to use a block size (bs=) that is equal to the amount of cache on the HD you are backing up. For example, bs=8192K works for an 8MB cache. The 64K mentioned in this article is better than the default bs=512 bytes, but it will run faster with a larger bs=.<br />
<br />
===Restore system===<br />
<br />
To restore your system:<br />
# gunzip -c /mnt/sda1/hda.img.gz | dd of=/dev/hda<br />
<br />
=== Examples with compression ===<br />
<br />
When you need to create the hard drive or a single partition compressed backup image file you must use compression tools which can do backup from a ''stdout'' and the ''dd'' command. Those compressed files cannot be mounted by the ''mount'' command but are useful to know how to create and restore them.<br />
<br />
==== 7zip ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Pkg|p7zip}} package from the [[official repositories]].<br />
This backup example will split the ''dd'' command output in the files by up to the 100 megabyte each:<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | 7z a -v100m -t7z -si image-file.7z<br />
Restore with 7zip:<br />
7z x -so image-file.7z | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
{{Note|7zip can split only the ''7z'' compression type files}}<br />
<br />
==== Zip ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Pkg|zip}} package from the [[official repositories]], which contains ''zipsplit'' among other utilities for the management of zip archives.<br />
It will create a file with "-" name inside the image-file.zip file which will contain data from the ''dd'' command output. To make a raw output of the file you can use the {{ic|-cp}} option with ''unzip'' in stdout for the ''dd'' command.<br />
Backup:<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | zip --compression-method bzip2 image-file.zip - <br />
Restore:<br />
unzip -cp image-file.zip | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
The ''zip'' tool cannot split files on the fly but you can use the {{ic|zipsplit}} utility on an already created file.<br />
<br />
See also {{ic|man zip}} for more information.<br />
<br />
==== Rar ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Aur|rar}} package from the [[AUR]].<br />
{{Warning| The ''rar'' examples were made based on the manuals, please confirm!}}<br />
This should do a backup and split the creating file on the fly in by up to 150 megabyte files each.<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | rar a -v150m -siimage-file.rar<br />
This should restore<br />
unrar x -p image-file.rar | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
or you can use the ''rar'' instead of the {{Pkg|unrar}} utility. The unrar utility is available in the official repositories and can be installed with {{ic|pacman -S unrar}}.<br />
<br />
==== Bzip2 ====<br />
<br />
Creation by using the ''dd'' is more safe and use to be error free:<br />
{{hc|<nowiki>dd if=/dev/sdXY | bzip2 -f5 > compressedfile.bzip2</nowiki>|<br />
937016+0 records in<br />
937016+0 records out<br />
479752192 bytes (480 MB) copied, 94.7002 s, 5.1 MB/s<br />
}}<br />
<br />
And a safe way of restoring with combination of the ''dd'':<br />
$ bunzip2 -dc compressedfile.bzip2 | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
or<br />
$ bzcat compressedfile.bzip2 | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
{{Warning|Never ever use the {{ic|bzip2 -kdc imgage.bzip2 > /dev/sdXY}} and {{ic|bzip2 -kc /dev/sdXY > imgage.bzip2}} methods for serious backup of partitions and disks. The errors might be due the end of the device or partition and the restore process gives also errors due the truncated end.<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Using cp==<br />
The cp program can be used to clone a disk, one partition at a time. An advantage to using cp is that the filesystem type of the destination partition(s) may be the same or different than the source. For safety, perform the process from a live environment.<br />
{{Note|This method should not be considered in the same category as disk cloning on the level at which dd operates. Also, it has been reported that even with the '''-a''' flag, some extended attributes may not be copied. For better results, rsync or tar should be used.}}<br />
The basic procedure from a live environment will be:<br />
* Create the new destination partition(s) using fdisk, cfdisk or other tools available in the live environment.<br />
* Create a filesystem on each of the newly created partitions. Example:<br />
mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1<br />
* Mount the source and destination partitions. Example:<br />
mount -t ext3 /dev/sda1 /mnt/source<br />
mount -t ext3 /dev/sdb1 /mnt/destination<br />
* Copy the files from the source partition to the destination <br />
cp -a /mnt/source/* /mnt/destination<br />
'''-a''': preserve all attributes , never follow symbolic links and copy recursively <br />
* Change the mount points of the newly cloned partitions in /etc/fstab accordingly<br />
* Finally, install the GRUB bootloader if necessary. (See [[GRUB]])<br />
<br />
==Disk cloning software==<br />
===Disk cloning in Arch===<br />
<br />
* [[Partclone|Partclone]] provides utilities to save and restore used blocks on a partition and supports ext2, ext3, ext4, hfs+, reiserfs, reiser4, btrfs, vmfs3, vmfs5, xfs, jfs, ufs, ntfs, fat(12/16/32) and exfat. Optionally, a ncurses interface can be used. Partclone is available in the community repository.<br />
* [http://www.partimage.org/ Partimage], an ncurses program, is available in the community repos. Partimage does not currently support ext4 or btrfs filesystems. NTFS is experimental.<br />
<br />
===Disk cloning outside of Arch===<br />
If you wish to backup or propagate your Arch install root, you are probably better off booting into something else and clone the partition from there. Some suggestions:<br />
<br />
* [http://partedmagic.com/doku.php?id=start PartedMagic] has a very nice live cd/usb with PartImage and other recovery tools.<br />
* [http://www.mondorescue.org/ Mindi] is a linux distribution specifically for disk clone backup. It comes with its own cloning program, Mondo Rescue.<br />
* [[wikipedia:Acronis_True_Image|Acronis True Image]] is a commercial disk cloner for Windows. It allows you to create a live (from within Windows), so you do not need a working Windows install on the actual machine to use it. After regitratinon of the Acronis software on their website, you will be able to download a Linux based Live cd and/or plugins for BartPE for creation of the Windows based live cd.<br />
* [http://www.fsarchiver.org/Main_Page FSArchiver] allows you to save the contents of a file system to a compressed archive file. Can be found on the [http://www.sysresccd.org/Main_Page System Rescue CD].<br />
* [http://clonezilla.org/ Clonezilla] is an enhanced partition imager which can also restore entire disks as well as partitions.<br />
* [http://redobackup.org/ Redo Backup and Recovery ] is a Live CD featuring a graphical front-end to partclone.<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:List of disk cloning software]]<br />
* [https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=4329 Arch Linux forum thread]</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Disk_cloning_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=328869Disk cloning (简体中文)2014-08-05T16:43:20Z<p>Spaike97: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Data compression and archiving (简体中文)]]<br />
[[Category:System recovery (简体中文)]]<br />
[[it:Disk Cloning]]<br />
[[ru:Disk Cloning]]<br />
[[tr:Disk_klonlama]]<br />
[[en:Disk Cloning]]<br />
{{TranslationStatus (简体中文)|Disk_cloning|2014-08-04|328428}}<br />
{{Translateme (简体中文)}}<br />
磁盘克隆是制作整个硬盘镜像的过程, 其对于复制整个磁盘到别的电脑和备份/恢复都十分有用. 你可以访问[[File Recovery (简体中文)|File Recovery (简体中文)]], 这是一个专注于文件恢复的页面.<br />
<br />
== 使用dd ==<br />
dd命令是一个简单而多功能且强大的工具. 它可以用于在无视文件系统或操作系统的情况下一块一块的将数据从原始地址复制到目的地. 在live环境比如livecd下使用dd是个方便的做法.<br />
{{Warning|在使用这个工具时请对任何操作保持警惕, 因为它可以破坏你的数据. 请牢记输入文件 <nowiki>(if=) 和输出文件 (of=) 的次序并千万不要颠倒他们! 请确保目的地(也就是分区 (of=) 不能小于源地址 (if=). </nowiki>}}<br />
=== 克隆分区 ===<br />
From physical disk /dev/sda, partition 1, to physical disk /dev/sdb, partition 1.<br />
dd if=/dev/sda1 of=/dev/sdb1 bs=4096 conv=notrunc,noerror,sync<br />
If output file '''''of''''' (sdb1 in the example) does not exist, dd will start at the beginning of the disk and create it. <br />
<br />
===Cloning an entire hard disk===<br />
From physical disk /dev/sda to physical disk /dev/sdb<br />
dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdb bs=4096 conv=notrunc,noerror,sync<br />
This will clone the entire drive, including MBR (and therefore bootloader), all partitions, UUIDs, and data.<br />
*''notrunc'' or 'do not truncate' maintains data integrity by instructing dd not to truncate any data. <br />
*''noerror'' instructs dd to continue operation, ignoring all read errors. Default behavior for dd is to halt at any error. <br />
*''sync'' writes zeroes for read errors, so data offsets stay in sync.<br />
*''bs=4096'' sets the block size to 4k, an optimal size for hard disk read/write efficiency and therefore, cloning speed.<br />
{{Note|To regain unique UUIDs, use "tune2fs /dev/sdbX -U random" on every partitions.}}<br />
{{Note|Partition table changes from dd are not be registered by the kernel. To notify of changes without rebooting, use a utility like partprobe (part of GNU parted).}}<br />
<br />
===Backing up the MBR===<br />
<br />
The MBR is stored in the the first 512 bytes of the disk. It consist of 3 parts:<br />
#The first 446 bytes contain the boot loader.<br />
#The next 64 bytes contain the partition table (4 entries of 16 bytes each, one entry for each primary partition).<br />
#The last 2 bytes contain an identifier<br />
<br />
To save the MBR into the file "mbr.img":<br />
# dd if=/dev/hda of=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img bs=512 count=1<br />
<br />
To restore (be careful : this could destroy your existing partition table and with it access to all data on the disk):<br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda<br />
<br />
If you only want to restore the boot loader, but not the primary partition table entries, just restore the first 446 bytes of the MBR: <br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda bs=446 count=1<br />
<br />
To restore only the partition table, one must use <br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda bs=1 skip=446 count=64<br />
<br />
You can also get the MBR from a full dd disk image.<br />
#dd if=/path/to/disk.img of=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img bs=512 count=1<br />
<br />
===Create disk image===<br />
1. Boot from a liveCD or liveUSB.<br />
<br />
2. Make sure no partitions are mounted from the source hard drive.<br />
<br />
3. Mount the external HD<br />
<br />
4. Backup the drive. <br />
# dd if=/dev/hda conv=sync,noerror bs=64K | gzip -c > /mnt/sda1/hda.img.gz<br />
<br />
5. Save extra information about the drive geometry necessary in order to interpret the partition table stored within the image. The most important of which is the cylinder size. <br />
# fdisk -l /dev/hda > /mnt/sda1/hda_fdisk.info<br />
<br />
'''NOTE:''' You may wish to use a block size (bs=) that is equal to the amount of cache on the HD you are backing up. For example, bs=8192K works for an 8MB cache. The 64K mentioned in this article is better than the default bs=512 bytes, but it will run faster with a larger bs=.<br />
<br />
===Restore system===<br />
<br />
To restore your system:<br />
# gunzip -c /mnt/sda1/hda.img.gz | dd of=/dev/hda<br />
<br />
=== Examples with compression ===<br />
<br />
When you need to create the hard drive or a single partition compressed backup image file you must use compression tools which can do backup from a ''stdout'' and the ''dd'' command. Those compressed files cannot be mounted by the ''mount'' command but are useful to know how to create and restore them.<br />
<br />
==== 7zip ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Pkg|p7zip}} package from the [[official repositories]].<br />
This backup example will split the ''dd'' command output in the files by up to the 100 megabyte each:<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | 7z a -v100m -t7z -si image-file.7z<br />
Restore with 7zip:<br />
7z x -so image-file.7z | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
{{Note|7zip can split only the ''7z'' compression type files}}<br />
<br />
==== Zip ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Pkg|zip}} package from the [[official repositories]], which contains ''zipsplit'' among other utilities for the management of zip archives.<br />
It will create a file with "-" name inside the image-file.zip file which will contain data from the ''dd'' command output. To make a raw output of the file you can use the {{ic|-cp}} option with ''unzip'' in stdout for the ''dd'' command.<br />
Backup:<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | zip --compression-method bzip2 image-file.zip - <br />
Restore:<br />
unzip -cp image-file.zip | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
The ''zip'' tool cannot split files on the fly but you can use the {{ic|zipsplit}} utility on an already created file.<br />
<br />
See also {{ic|man zip}} for more information.<br />
<br />
==== Rar ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Aur|rar}} package from the [[AUR]].<br />
{{Warning| The ''rar'' examples were made based on the manuals, please confirm!}}<br />
This should do a backup and split the creating file on the fly in by up to 150 megabyte files each.<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | rar a -v150m -siimage-file.rar<br />
This should restore<br />
unrar x -p image-file.rar | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
or you can use the ''rar'' instead of the {{Pkg|unrar}} utility. The unrar utility is available in the official repositories and can be installed with {{ic|pacman -S unrar}}.<br />
<br />
==== Bzip2 ====<br />
<br />
Creation by using the ''dd'' is more safe and use to be error free:<br />
{{hc|<nowiki>dd if=/dev/sdXY | bzip2 -f5 > compressedfile.bzip2</nowiki>|<br />
937016+0 records in<br />
937016+0 records out<br />
479752192 bytes (480 MB) copied, 94.7002 s, 5.1 MB/s<br />
}}<br />
<br />
And a safe way of restoring with combination of the ''dd'':<br />
$ bunzip2 -dc compressedfile.bzip2 | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
or<br />
$ bzcat compressedfile.bzip2 | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
{{Warning|Never ever use the {{ic|bzip2 -kdc imgage.bzip2 > /dev/sdXY}} and {{ic|bzip2 -kc /dev/sdXY > imgage.bzip2}} methods for serious backup of partitions and disks. The errors might be due the end of the device or partition and the restore process gives also errors due the truncated end.<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Using cp==<br />
The cp program can be used to clone a disk, one partition at a time. An advantage to using cp is that the filesystem type of the destination partition(s) may be the same or different than the source. For safety, perform the process from a live environment.<br />
{{Note|This method should not be considered in the same category as disk cloning on the level at which dd operates. Also, it has been reported that even with the '''-a''' flag, some extended attributes may not be copied. For better results, rsync or tar should be used.}}<br />
The basic procedure from a live environment will be:<br />
* Create the new destination partition(s) using fdisk, cfdisk or other tools available in the live environment.<br />
* Create a filesystem on each of the newly created partitions. Example:<br />
mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1<br />
* Mount the source and destination partitions. Example:<br />
mount -t ext3 /dev/sda1 /mnt/source<br />
mount -t ext3 /dev/sdb1 /mnt/destination<br />
* Copy the files from the source partition to the destination <br />
cp -a /mnt/source/* /mnt/destination<br />
'''-a''': preserve all attributes , never follow symbolic links and copy recursively <br />
* Change the mount points of the newly cloned partitions in /etc/fstab accordingly<br />
* Finally, install the GRUB bootloader if necessary. (See [[GRUB]])<br />
<br />
==Disk cloning software==<br />
===Disk cloning in Arch===<br />
<br />
* [[Partclone|Partclone]] provides utilities to save and restore used blocks on a partition and supports ext2, ext3, ext4, hfs+, reiserfs, reiser4, btrfs, vmfs3, vmfs5, xfs, jfs, ufs, ntfs, fat(12/16/32) and exfat. Optionally, a ncurses interface can be used. Partclone is available in the community repository.<br />
* [http://www.partimage.org/ Partimage], an ncurses program, is available in the community repos. Partimage does not currently support ext4 or btrfs filesystems. NTFS is experimental.<br />
<br />
===Disk cloning outside of Arch===<br />
If you wish to backup or propagate your Arch install root, you are probably better off booting into something else and clone the partition from there. Some suggestions:<br />
<br />
* [http://partedmagic.com/doku.php?id=start PartedMagic] has a very nice live cd/usb with PartImage and other recovery tools.<br />
* [http://www.mondorescue.org/ Mindi] is a linux distribution specifically for disk clone backup. It comes with its own cloning program, Mondo Rescue.<br />
* [[wikipedia:Acronis_True_Image|Acronis True Image]] is a commercial disk cloner for Windows. It allows you to create a live (from within Windows), so you do not need a working Windows install on the actual machine to use it. After regitratinon of the Acronis software on their website, you will be able to download a Linux based Live cd and/or plugins for BartPE for creation of the Windows based live cd.<br />
* [http://www.fsarchiver.org/Main_Page FSArchiver] allows you to save the contents of a file system to a compressed archive file. Can be found on the [http://www.sysresccd.org/Main_Page System Rescue CD].<br />
* [http://clonezilla.org/ Clonezilla] is an enhanced partition imager which can also restore entire disks as well as partitions.<br />
* [http://redobackup.org/ Redo Backup and Recovery ] is a Live CD featuring a graphical front-end to partclone.<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:List of disk cloning software]]<br />
* [https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=4329 Arch Linux forum thread]</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Disk_cloning_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=328868Disk cloning (简体中文)2014-08-05T16:43:01Z<p>Spaike97: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Data compression and archiving (简体中文)]]<br />
[[Category:System recovery (简体中文)]]<br />
[[it:Disk Cloning]]<br />
[[ru:Disk Cloning]]<br />
[[tr:Disk_klonlama]]<br />
[[en:Disk Cloning]]<br />
{{TranslationStatus (简体中文)|Disk_cloning|2014-08-04|328428}}<br />
{{Translateme (简体中文)}}<br />
磁盘克隆是制作整个硬盘镜像的过程, 其对于复制整个磁盘到别的电脑和备份/恢复都十分有用. 你可以访问[[File recovery|File Recovery (简体中文)]], 这是一个专注于文件恢复的页面.<br />
<br />
== 使用dd ==<br />
dd命令是一个简单而多功能且强大的工具. 它可以用于在无视文件系统或操作系统的情况下一块一块的将数据从原始地址复制到目的地. 在live环境比如livecd下使用dd是个方便的做法.<br />
{{Warning|在使用这个工具时请对任何操作保持警惕, 因为它可以破坏你的数据. 请牢记输入文件 <nowiki>(if=) 和输出文件 (of=) 的次序并千万不要颠倒他们! 请确保目的地(也就是分区 (of=) 不能小于源地址 (if=). </nowiki>}}<br />
=== 克隆分区 ===<br />
From physical disk /dev/sda, partition 1, to physical disk /dev/sdb, partition 1.<br />
dd if=/dev/sda1 of=/dev/sdb1 bs=4096 conv=notrunc,noerror,sync<br />
If output file '''''of''''' (sdb1 in the example) does not exist, dd will start at the beginning of the disk and create it. <br />
<br />
===Cloning an entire hard disk===<br />
From physical disk /dev/sda to physical disk /dev/sdb<br />
dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdb bs=4096 conv=notrunc,noerror,sync<br />
This will clone the entire drive, including MBR (and therefore bootloader), all partitions, UUIDs, and data.<br />
*''notrunc'' or 'do not truncate' maintains data integrity by instructing dd not to truncate any data. <br />
*''noerror'' instructs dd to continue operation, ignoring all read errors. Default behavior for dd is to halt at any error. <br />
*''sync'' writes zeroes for read errors, so data offsets stay in sync.<br />
*''bs=4096'' sets the block size to 4k, an optimal size for hard disk read/write efficiency and therefore, cloning speed.<br />
{{Note|To regain unique UUIDs, use "tune2fs /dev/sdbX -U random" on every partitions.}}<br />
{{Note|Partition table changes from dd are not be registered by the kernel. To notify of changes without rebooting, use a utility like partprobe (part of GNU parted).}}<br />
<br />
===Backing up the MBR===<br />
<br />
The MBR is stored in the the first 512 bytes of the disk. It consist of 3 parts:<br />
#The first 446 bytes contain the boot loader.<br />
#The next 64 bytes contain the partition table (4 entries of 16 bytes each, one entry for each primary partition).<br />
#The last 2 bytes contain an identifier<br />
<br />
To save the MBR into the file "mbr.img":<br />
# dd if=/dev/hda of=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img bs=512 count=1<br />
<br />
To restore (be careful : this could destroy your existing partition table and with it access to all data on the disk):<br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda<br />
<br />
If you only want to restore the boot loader, but not the primary partition table entries, just restore the first 446 bytes of the MBR: <br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda bs=446 count=1<br />
<br />
To restore only the partition table, one must use <br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda bs=1 skip=446 count=64<br />
<br />
You can also get the MBR from a full dd disk image.<br />
#dd if=/path/to/disk.img of=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img bs=512 count=1<br />
<br />
===Create disk image===<br />
1. Boot from a liveCD or liveUSB.<br />
<br />
2. Make sure no partitions are mounted from the source hard drive.<br />
<br />
3. Mount the external HD<br />
<br />
4. Backup the drive. <br />
# dd if=/dev/hda conv=sync,noerror bs=64K | gzip -c > /mnt/sda1/hda.img.gz<br />
<br />
5. Save extra information about the drive geometry necessary in order to interpret the partition table stored within the image. The most important of which is the cylinder size. <br />
# fdisk -l /dev/hda > /mnt/sda1/hda_fdisk.info<br />
<br />
'''NOTE:''' You may wish to use a block size (bs=) that is equal to the amount of cache on the HD you are backing up. For example, bs=8192K works for an 8MB cache. The 64K mentioned in this article is better than the default bs=512 bytes, but it will run faster with a larger bs=.<br />
<br />
===Restore system===<br />
<br />
To restore your system:<br />
# gunzip -c /mnt/sda1/hda.img.gz | dd of=/dev/hda<br />
<br />
=== Examples with compression ===<br />
<br />
When you need to create the hard drive or a single partition compressed backup image file you must use compression tools which can do backup from a ''stdout'' and the ''dd'' command. Those compressed files cannot be mounted by the ''mount'' command but are useful to know how to create and restore them.<br />
<br />
==== 7zip ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Pkg|p7zip}} package from the [[official repositories]].<br />
This backup example will split the ''dd'' command output in the files by up to the 100 megabyte each:<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | 7z a -v100m -t7z -si image-file.7z<br />
Restore with 7zip:<br />
7z x -so image-file.7z | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
{{Note|7zip can split only the ''7z'' compression type files}}<br />
<br />
==== Zip ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Pkg|zip}} package from the [[official repositories]], which contains ''zipsplit'' among other utilities for the management of zip archives.<br />
It will create a file with "-" name inside the image-file.zip file which will contain data from the ''dd'' command output. To make a raw output of the file you can use the {{ic|-cp}} option with ''unzip'' in stdout for the ''dd'' command.<br />
Backup:<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | zip --compression-method bzip2 image-file.zip - <br />
Restore:<br />
unzip -cp image-file.zip | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
The ''zip'' tool cannot split files on the fly but you can use the {{ic|zipsplit}} utility on an already created file.<br />
<br />
See also {{ic|man zip}} for more information.<br />
<br />
==== Rar ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Aur|rar}} package from the [[AUR]].<br />
{{Warning| The ''rar'' examples were made based on the manuals, please confirm!}}<br />
This should do a backup and split the creating file on the fly in by up to 150 megabyte files each.<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | rar a -v150m -siimage-file.rar<br />
This should restore<br />
unrar x -p image-file.rar | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
or you can use the ''rar'' instead of the {{Pkg|unrar}} utility. The unrar utility is available in the official repositories and can be installed with {{ic|pacman -S unrar}}.<br />
<br />
==== Bzip2 ====<br />
<br />
Creation by using the ''dd'' is more safe and use to be error free:<br />
{{hc|<nowiki>dd if=/dev/sdXY | bzip2 -f5 > compressedfile.bzip2</nowiki>|<br />
937016+0 records in<br />
937016+0 records out<br />
479752192 bytes (480 MB) copied, 94.7002 s, 5.1 MB/s<br />
}}<br />
<br />
And a safe way of restoring with combination of the ''dd'':<br />
$ bunzip2 -dc compressedfile.bzip2 | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
or<br />
$ bzcat compressedfile.bzip2 | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
{{Warning|Never ever use the {{ic|bzip2 -kdc imgage.bzip2 > /dev/sdXY}} and {{ic|bzip2 -kc /dev/sdXY > imgage.bzip2}} methods for serious backup of partitions and disks. The errors might be due the end of the device or partition and the restore process gives also errors due the truncated end.<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Using cp==<br />
The cp program can be used to clone a disk, one partition at a time. An advantage to using cp is that the filesystem type of the destination partition(s) may be the same or different than the source. For safety, perform the process from a live environment.<br />
{{Note|This method should not be considered in the same category as disk cloning on the level at which dd operates. Also, it has been reported that even with the '''-a''' flag, some extended attributes may not be copied. For better results, rsync or tar should be used.}}<br />
The basic procedure from a live environment will be:<br />
* Create the new destination partition(s) using fdisk, cfdisk or other tools available in the live environment.<br />
* Create a filesystem on each of the newly created partitions. Example:<br />
mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1<br />
* Mount the source and destination partitions. Example:<br />
mount -t ext3 /dev/sda1 /mnt/source<br />
mount -t ext3 /dev/sdb1 /mnt/destination<br />
* Copy the files from the source partition to the destination <br />
cp -a /mnt/source/* /mnt/destination<br />
'''-a''': preserve all attributes , never follow symbolic links and copy recursively <br />
* Change the mount points of the newly cloned partitions in /etc/fstab accordingly<br />
* Finally, install the GRUB bootloader if necessary. (See [[GRUB]])<br />
<br />
==Disk cloning software==<br />
===Disk cloning in Arch===<br />
<br />
* [[Partclone|Partclone]] provides utilities to save and restore used blocks on a partition and supports ext2, ext3, ext4, hfs+, reiserfs, reiser4, btrfs, vmfs3, vmfs5, xfs, jfs, ufs, ntfs, fat(12/16/32) and exfat. Optionally, a ncurses interface can be used. Partclone is available in the community repository.<br />
* [http://www.partimage.org/ Partimage], an ncurses program, is available in the community repos. Partimage does not currently support ext4 or btrfs filesystems. NTFS is experimental.<br />
<br />
===Disk cloning outside of Arch===<br />
If you wish to backup or propagate your Arch install root, you are probably better off booting into something else and clone the partition from there. Some suggestions:<br />
<br />
* [http://partedmagic.com/doku.php?id=start PartedMagic] has a very nice live cd/usb with PartImage and other recovery tools.<br />
* [http://www.mondorescue.org/ Mindi] is a linux distribution specifically for disk clone backup. It comes with its own cloning program, Mondo Rescue.<br />
* [[wikipedia:Acronis_True_Image|Acronis True Image]] is a commercial disk cloner for Windows. It allows you to create a live (from within Windows), so you do not need a working Windows install on the actual machine to use it. After regitratinon of the Acronis software on their website, you will be able to download a Linux based Live cd and/or plugins for BartPE for creation of the Windows based live cd.<br />
* [http://www.fsarchiver.org/Main_Page FSArchiver] allows you to save the contents of a file system to a compressed archive file. Can be found on the [http://www.sysresccd.org/Main_Page System Rescue CD].<br />
* [http://clonezilla.org/ Clonezilla] is an enhanced partition imager which can also restore entire disks as well as partitions.<br />
* [http://redobackup.org/ Redo Backup and Recovery ] is a Live CD featuring a graphical front-end to partclone.<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:List of disk cloning software]]<br />
* [https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=4329 Arch Linux forum thread]</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Disk_cloning_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=328867Disk cloning (简体中文)2014-08-05T16:37:25Z<p>Spaike97: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Data compression and archiving (简体中文)]]<br />
[[Category:System recovery (简体中文)]]<br />
[[it:Disk Cloning]]<br />
[[ru:Disk Cloning]]<br />
[[tr:Disk_klonlama]]<br />
[[en:Disk Cloning]]<br />
{{TranslationStatus (简体中文)|Disk_cloning|2014-08-04|328428}}<br />
{{Translateme (简体中文)}}<br />
磁盘克隆是制作整个硬盘镜像的过程, 其对于复制整个磁盘到别的电脑和备份/恢复都十分有用. 你可以访问[[File recovery|File Recovery]], 这是一个专注于文件恢复的页面.<br />
<br />
== 使用dd ==<br />
dd命令是一个简单而多功能且强大的工具. 它可以用于在无视文件系统或操作系统的情况下一块一块的将数据从原始地址复制到目的地. 在live环境比如livecd下使用dd是个方便的做法.<br />
{{Warning|在使用这个工具时请对任何操作保持警惕, 因为它可以破坏你的数据. 请牢记输入文件 <nowiki>(if=) 和输出文件 (of=) 的次序并千万不要颠倒他们! 请确保目的地(也就是分区 (of=) 不能小于源地址 (if=). </nowiki>}}<br />
=== 克隆分区 ===<br />
From physical disk /dev/sda, partition 1, to physical disk /dev/sdb, partition 1.<br />
dd if=/dev/sda1 of=/dev/sdb1 bs=4096 conv=notrunc,noerror,sync<br />
If output file '''''of''''' (sdb1 in the example) does not exist, dd will start at the beginning of the disk and create it. <br />
<br />
===Cloning an entire hard disk===<br />
From physical disk /dev/sda to physical disk /dev/sdb<br />
dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdb bs=4096 conv=notrunc,noerror,sync<br />
This will clone the entire drive, including MBR (and therefore bootloader), all partitions, UUIDs, and data.<br />
*''notrunc'' or 'do not truncate' maintains data integrity by instructing dd not to truncate any data. <br />
*''noerror'' instructs dd to continue operation, ignoring all read errors. Default behavior for dd is to halt at any error. <br />
*''sync'' writes zeroes for read errors, so data offsets stay in sync.<br />
*''bs=4096'' sets the block size to 4k, an optimal size for hard disk read/write efficiency and therefore, cloning speed.<br />
{{Note|To regain unique UUIDs, use "tune2fs /dev/sdbX -U random" on every partitions.}}<br />
{{Note|Partition table changes from dd are not be registered by the kernel. To notify of changes without rebooting, use a utility like partprobe (part of GNU parted).}}<br />
<br />
===Backing up the MBR===<br />
<br />
The MBR is stored in the the first 512 bytes of the disk. It consist of 3 parts:<br />
#The first 446 bytes contain the boot loader.<br />
#The next 64 bytes contain the partition table (4 entries of 16 bytes each, one entry for each primary partition).<br />
#The last 2 bytes contain an identifier<br />
<br />
To save the MBR into the file "mbr.img":<br />
# dd if=/dev/hda of=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img bs=512 count=1<br />
<br />
To restore (be careful : this could destroy your existing partition table and with it access to all data on the disk):<br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda<br />
<br />
If you only want to restore the boot loader, but not the primary partition table entries, just restore the first 446 bytes of the MBR: <br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda bs=446 count=1<br />
<br />
To restore only the partition table, one must use <br />
# dd if=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img of=/dev/hda bs=1 skip=446 count=64<br />
<br />
You can also get the MBR from a full dd disk image.<br />
#dd if=/path/to/disk.img of=/mnt/sda1/mbr.img bs=512 count=1<br />
<br />
===Create disk image===<br />
1. Boot from a liveCD or liveUSB.<br />
<br />
2. Make sure no partitions are mounted from the source hard drive.<br />
<br />
3. Mount the external HD<br />
<br />
4. Backup the drive. <br />
# dd if=/dev/hda conv=sync,noerror bs=64K | gzip -c > /mnt/sda1/hda.img.gz<br />
<br />
5. Save extra information about the drive geometry necessary in order to interpret the partition table stored within the image. The most important of which is the cylinder size. <br />
# fdisk -l /dev/hda > /mnt/sda1/hda_fdisk.info<br />
<br />
'''NOTE:''' You may wish to use a block size (bs=) that is equal to the amount of cache on the HD you are backing up. For example, bs=8192K works for an 8MB cache. The 64K mentioned in this article is better than the default bs=512 bytes, but it will run faster with a larger bs=.<br />
<br />
===Restore system===<br />
<br />
To restore your system:<br />
# gunzip -c /mnt/sda1/hda.img.gz | dd of=/dev/hda<br />
<br />
=== Examples with compression ===<br />
<br />
When you need to create the hard drive or a single partition compressed backup image file you must use compression tools which can do backup from a ''stdout'' and the ''dd'' command. Those compressed files cannot be mounted by the ''mount'' command but are useful to know how to create and restore them.<br />
<br />
==== 7zip ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Pkg|p7zip}} package from the [[official repositories]].<br />
This backup example will split the ''dd'' command output in the files by up to the 100 megabyte each:<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | 7z a -v100m -t7z -si image-file.7z<br />
Restore with 7zip:<br />
7z x -so image-file.7z | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
{{Note|7zip can split only the ''7z'' compression type files}}<br />
<br />
==== Zip ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Pkg|zip}} package from the [[official repositories]], which contains ''zipsplit'' among other utilities for the management of zip archives.<br />
It will create a file with "-" name inside the image-file.zip file which will contain data from the ''dd'' command output. To make a raw output of the file you can use the {{ic|-cp}} option with ''unzip'' in stdout for the ''dd'' command.<br />
Backup:<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | zip --compression-method bzip2 image-file.zip - <br />
Restore:<br />
unzip -cp image-file.zip | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
The ''zip'' tool cannot split files on the fly but you can use the {{ic|zipsplit}} utility on an already created file.<br />
<br />
See also {{ic|man zip}} for more information.<br />
<br />
==== Rar ====<br />
<br />
Install the {{Aur|rar}} package from the [[AUR]].<br />
{{Warning| The ''rar'' examples were made based on the manuals, please confirm!}}<br />
This should do a backup and split the creating file on the fly in by up to 150 megabyte files each.<br />
dd if=/dev/sdXY | rar a -v150m -siimage-file.rar<br />
This should restore<br />
unrar x -p image-file.rar | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
or you can use the ''rar'' instead of the {{Pkg|unrar}} utility. The unrar utility is available in the official repositories and can be installed with {{ic|pacman -S unrar}}.<br />
<br />
==== Bzip2 ====<br />
<br />
Creation by using the ''dd'' is more safe and use to be error free:<br />
{{hc|<nowiki>dd if=/dev/sdXY | bzip2 -f5 > compressedfile.bzip2</nowiki>|<br />
937016+0 records in<br />
937016+0 records out<br />
479752192 bytes (480 MB) copied, 94.7002 s, 5.1 MB/s<br />
}}<br />
<br />
And a safe way of restoring with combination of the ''dd'':<br />
$ bunzip2 -dc compressedfile.bzip2 | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
or<br />
$ bzcat compressedfile.bzip2 | dd of=/dev/sdXY<br />
{{Warning|Never ever use the {{ic|bzip2 -kdc imgage.bzip2 > /dev/sdXY}} and {{ic|bzip2 -kc /dev/sdXY > imgage.bzip2}} methods for serious backup of partitions and disks. The errors might be due the end of the device or partition and the restore process gives also errors due the truncated end.<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Using cp==<br />
The cp program can be used to clone a disk, one partition at a time. An advantage to using cp is that the filesystem type of the destination partition(s) may be the same or different than the source. For safety, perform the process from a live environment.<br />
{{Note|This method should not be considered in the same category as disk cloning on the level at which dd operates. Also, it has been reported that even with the '''-a''' flag, some extended attributes may not be copied. For better results, rsync or tar should be used.}}<br />
The basic procedure from a live environment will be:<br />
* Create the new destination partition(s) using fdisk, cfdisk or other tools available in the live environment.<br />
* Create a filesystem on each of the newly created partitions. Example:<br />
mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1<br />
* Mount the source and destination partitions. Example:<br />
mount -t ext3 /dev/sda1 /mnt/source<br />
mount -t ext3 /dev/sdb1 /mnt/destination<br />
* Copy the files from the source partition to the destination <br />
cp -a /mnt/source/* /mnt/destination<br />
'''-a''': preserve all attributes , never follow symbolic links and copy recursively <br />
* Change the mount points of the newly cloned partitions in /etc/fstab accordingly<br />
* Finally, install the GRUB bootloader if necessary. (See [[GRUB]])<br />
<br />
==Disk cloning software==<br />
===Disk cloning in Arch===<br />
<br />
* [[Partclone|Partclone]] provides utilities to save and restore used blocks on a partition and supports ext2, ext3, ext4, hfs+, reiserfs, reiser4, btrfs, vmfs3, vmfs5, xfs, jfs, ufs, ntfs, fat(12/16/32) and exfat. Optionally, a ncurses interface can be used. Partclone is available in the community repository.<br />
* [http://www.partimage.org/ Partimage], an ncurses program, is available in the community repos. Partimage does not currently support ext4 or btrfs filesystems. NTFS is experimental.<br />
<br />
===Disk cloning outside of Arch===<br />
If you wish to backup or propagate your Arch install root, you are probably better off booting into something else and clone the partition from there. Some suggestions:<br />
<br />
* [http://partedmagic.com/doku.php?id=start PartedMagic] has a very nice live cd/usb with PartImage and other recovery tools.<br />
* [http://www.mondorescue.org/ Mindi] is a linux distribution specifically for disk clone backup. It comes with its own cloning program, Mondo Rescue.<br />
* [[wikipedia:Acronis_True_Image|Acronis True Image]] is a commercial disk cloner for Windows. It allows you to create a live (from within Windows), so you do not need a working Windows install on the actual machine to use it. After regitratinon of the Acronis software on their website, you will be able to download a Linux based Live cd and/or plugins for BartPE for creation of the Windows based live cd.<br />
* [http://www.fsarchiver.org/Main_Page FSArchiver] allows you to save the contents of a file system to a compressed archive file. Can be found on the [http://www.sysresccd.org/Main_Page System Rescue CD].<br />
* [http://clonezilla.org/ Clonezilla] is an enhanced partition imager which can also restore entire disks as well as partitions.<br />
* [http://redobackup.org/ Redo Backup and Recovery ] is a Live CD featuring a graphical front-end to partclone.<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
* [[Wikipedia:List of disk cloning software]]<br />
* [https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=4329 Arch Linux forum thread]</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=ArchWiki_Translation_Day_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=328307ArchWiki Translation Day (简体中文)2014-08-03T13:50:59Z<p>Spaike97: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Events (简体中文)]]<br />
[[ar:ArchWiki Translation Day]]<br />
[[cs:ArchWiki Translation Day]]<br />
[[en:ArchWiki Translation Day]]<br />
[[ja:ArchWiki Translation Day]]<br />
[[pl:Translation day]]<br />
[[sk:ArchWiki Translation Day]]<br />
{{Note|我们正在寻求一个可以帮助我们组织这项活动的人 - 特别是在 Slovak ATD.}}<br />
<br />
Arch Translation Day 是一个集中进行 ArchWiki 翻译的日子。目标是集中 Arch 用户的力量,尽可能多的翻译页面。这个活动将会支持我们的社区,使不懂英语的人也能够学习使用 Arch。<br />
<br />
== 何时? ==<br />
Arch Translation Day 是'''每月的第一个周六'''.<br />
<br />
== 何人? ==<br />
'''每个'''想要通过某种方法支持我们的社区或表达对ArchLinux的感谢的人都欢迎参加.<br />
<br />
== 何故? ==<br />
你问为什么? 因为我们都用Arch而且我们都爱Arch. 我们在我们的桌面电脑和服务器上使用它. 我们大部分时间都把它拥在怀中. 这是我们对可以使用它表示感激的一种方式.<br />
我们应当帮助那些语言不通的人接触到所有的讯息.<br />
<br />
== 何奈? ==<br />
参阅 [[ArchWiki Translation Team (简体中文)|如何新增翻译]].<br />
<br />
== 优先页面列表 ==<br />
你在这里可以看到优先翻译列表. 如果你翻译了这上面的文章, 请把你翻译的文章从列表中移除.<br />
No pages<br />
<br />
有不少只以非英语语言的姿态存在的文章. 要找到他们你可以访问 [[ArchWiki Translation Team]].<br />
<br />
== 参阅 ==<br />
* [[Arch Linux Event Calendar]]</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Bug_Day_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=328306Bug Day (简体中文)2014-08-03T13:40:40Z<p>Spaike97: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Arch development (简体中文)]]<br />
[[Category:Package development (简体中文)]]<br />
[[Category:Events (简体中文)]]<br />
[[es:Bug Day]]<br />
[[en:Bug Day]]<br />
== 关于 ==<br />
<br />
Bug Day是一个致力于提升大家对于我们[https://bugs.archlinux.org/ bug tracker]里多得快满出来的Bug的节日. 这一天的目标是让社区参与到帮助我们消灭尽可能多的bug.<br />
<br />
=== 何时? ===<br />
<br />
当一位开发者感到无聊时.<br />
<br />
===何地?===<br />
<br />
Bug名册在 [https://bugs.archlinux.org bug tracker]<br />
<br />
关于bug的讨论应当在[[irc|IRC]]频道'''#archlinux-bugs'''中进行. 在Bug Day我们会尽可能的全天候保证至少一名开发者在线.<br />
===何人?===<br />
<br />
允许, 邀请, 并且鼓励'''每个人'''参与我们的bug日.<br />
<br />
== 过去与即将到来的Bug Day ==<br />
* [[Bug Day/2012]]<br />
* [[Bug Day/2010]]<br />
* [[Bug Day/2005]]<br />
<br />
== 参阅 ==<br />
* [[Arch Linux Event Calendar]]</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Bug_Day_(%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87)&diff=328305Bug Day (简体中文)2014-08-03T13:39:36Z<p>Spaike97: Created page with "Category:Arch development(简体中文) Category:Package development(简体中文) Category:Events(简体中文) es:Bug Day en:Bug Day == 关于 == Bug Da..."</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Arch development(简体中文)]]<br />
[[Category:Package development(简体中文)]]<br />
[[Category:Events(简体中文)]]<br />
[[es:Bug Day]]<br />
[[en:Bug Day]]<br />
== 关于 ==<br />
<br />
Bug Day是一个致力于提升大家对于我们[https://bugs.archlinux.org/ bug tracker]里多得快满出来的Bug的节日. 这一天的目标是让社区参与到帮助我们消灭尽可能多的bug.<br />
<br />
=== 何时? ===<br />
<br />
当一位开发者感到无聊时.<br />
<br />
===何地?===<br />
<br />
Bug名册在 [https://bugs.archlinux.org bug tracker]<br />
<br />
关于bug的讨论应当在[[irc|IRC]]频道'''#archlinux-bugs'''中进行. 在Bug Day我们会尽可能的全天候保证至少一名开发者在线.<br />
===何人?===<br />
<br />
允许, 邀请, 并且鼓励'''每个人'''参与我们的bug日.<br />
<br />
== 过去与即将到来的Bug Day ==<br />
* [[Bug Day/2012]]<br />
* [[Bug Day/2010]]<br />
* [[Bug Day/2005]]<br />
<br />
== 参阅 ==<br />
* [[Arch Linux Event Calendar]]</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Bug_Day_(Espa%C3%B1ol)&diff=328304Bug Day (Español)2014-08-03T13:31:44Z<p>Spaike97: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Arch development (Español)]]<br />
[[Category:Package development (Español)]]<br />
[[Category:Events (Español)]]<br />
[[en:Bug Day]]<br />
[[zh-cn:Bug Day]]<br />
== Descripción ==<br />
<br />
Bug Day es un día dedicado a aumentar la sensibilización hacia nuestro desbordado [https://bugs.archlinux.org/ ''bug tracker'']. El objetivo de este día es unir a la comunidad para intentar ayudarnos a eliminar tantos bugs como sea posible.<br />
<br />
=== ¿Cuándo? ===<br />
<br />
El Bug Day se realiza cuando un desarrollador se aburre.<br />
<br />
===¿Dónde?===<br />
<br />
Los bugs se hayan documentados en el [https://bugs.archlinux.org bug tracker]<br />
<br />
La discusión sobre los bugs debe tener lugar en '''#archlinux-bugs''' en el [[IRC Channel (Español)|IRC]]. Intentaremos que haya al menos un desarrollador activo durante el bug day.<br />
<br />
===¿Quién?===<br />
<br />
'''Todo el mundo''' está permitido, invitado y animado a participar en el Bug Day.<br />
<br />
== Bug Days pasados y futuros ==<br />
* [[Bug Day/2012]]<br />
* [[Bug Day/2010]]<br />
* [[Bug Day/2005]]<br />
<br />
== Ver también ==<br />
* [[Arch Linux Event Calendar]]</div>Spaike97https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Bug_Day&diff=328303Bug Day2014-08-03T13:31:06Z<p>Spaike97: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Category:Arch development]]<br />
[[Category:Package development]]<br />
[[Category:Events]]<br />
[[es:Bug Day]]<br />
[[zh-cn:Bug Day]]<br />
== About ==<br />
<br />
Bug Day is a day dedicated to raising awareness about our overflowing [https://bugs.archlinux.org/ bug tracker]. The goal of the day is to get the community involved in trying to help us eliminate as many bugs as possible.<br />
<br />
=== When? ===<br />
<br />
Bug Day happens whenever a developer gets bored.<br />
<br />
===Where?===<br />
<br />
The bugs themselves are documented on the [https://bugs.archlinux.org bug tracker]<br />
<br />
Discussion about the bugs should be taking place in '''#archlinux-bugs''' on [[irc|IRC]]. We will try to have at least one developer active during bug day.<br />
<br />
===Who?===<br />
<br />
'''Everyone''' is allowed, invited, and encouraged to participate in Bug Day.<br />
<br />
== Past and upcoming Bug Days ==<br />
* [[Bug Day/2012]]<br />
* [[Bug Day/2010]]<br />
* [[Bug Day/2005]]<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
* [[Arch Linux Event Calendar]]</div>Spaike97