Pacman/Rosetta: Difference between revisions
< Pacman
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! Action !! Arch !! Red Hat/Fedora !! Debian/Ubuntu !! SLES/openSUSE !! Gentoo | ! Action !! Arch !! Red Hat/Fedora !! Debian/Ubuntu !! SLES/openSUSE !! Gentoo | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Install a package(s) by name ||pacman -S||dnf install ||apt install||zypper install | | Install a package(s) by name || {{ic|pacman -S}} || {{ic|dnf install}} || {{ic|apt install}} || {{ic|zypper install}} or {{ic|zypper in}} || {{ic|emerge [-a]}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Remove a package(s) by name ||pacman -Rs||dnf remove ||apt remove||zypper remove | | Remove a package(s) by name || {{ic|pacman -Rs}} || {{ic|dnf remove}} || {{ic|apt remove}} || {{ic|zypper remove}} or {{ic|zypper rm}} || {{ic|emerge -vc}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Search for package(s) by searching the expression in name, description, short description. What exact fields are being searched by default varies in each tool. Mostly options bring tools on par. ||pacman -Ss||dnf search ||apt search||zypper search | | Search for package(s) by searching the expression in name, description, short description. What exact fields are being searched by default varies in each tool. Mostly options bring tools on par. || {{ic|pacman -Ss}} || {{ic|dnf search}} || {{ic|apt search}} || {{ic|zypper search}} or {{ic|zypper se [-s]}} || {{ic|emerge -S}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Upgrade Packages - Install packages which have an older version already installed ||pacman -Syu||dnf upgrade ||apt update | | Upgrade Packages - Install packages which have an older version already installed || {{ic|pacman -Syu}} || {{ic|dnf upgrade}} || {{ic|apt update}} and then {{ic|apt upgrade}} || {{ic|zypper update}} or {{ic|zypper up}} || {{ic|emerge -uDN @world}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Upgrade Packages - Another form of the update command, which can perform more complex updates -- like distribution upgrades. When the usual update command will omit package updates, which include changes in dependencies, this command can perform those updates. ||pacman -Syu||dnf distro-sync ||apt update | | Upgrade Packages - Another form of the update command, which can perform more complex updates -- like distribution upgrades. When the usual update command will omit package updates, which include changes in dependencies, this command can perform those updates. || {{ic|pacman -Syu}} || {{ic|dnf distro-sync}} || {{ic|apt update}} and then {{ic|apt dist-upgrade}} || {{ic|zypper dup}} || {{ic|emerge -uDN @world}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Clean up all local caches. Options might limit what is actually cleaned. | | Clean up all local caches. Options might limit what is actually cleaned. {{ic|autoclean}} removes only unneeded, obsolete information. || {{ic|pacman -Sc}} or {{ic|pacman -Scc}} || {{ic|dnf clean all}} || {{ic|apt autoclean}} or {{ic|apt clean}} || {{ic|zypper clean}} || {{ic|eclean distfiles}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Remove dependencies that are no longer needed, because e.g. the package which needed the dependencies was removed. ||<nowiki>pacman -Qdtq | pacman -Rs -</nowiki>||dnf autoremove||apt autoremove ||zypper rm -u||emerge --depclean | | Remove dependencies that are no longer needed, because e.g. the package which needed the dependencies was removed. || {{ic|<nowiki>pacman -Qdtq | pacman -Rs -</nowiki>}} || {{ic|dnf autoremove}} || {{ic|apt autoremove}} || {{ic|zypper rm -u}} || {{ic|emerge --depclean}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Remove packages no longer included in any repositories. ||<nowiki>pacman -Qmq | pacman -Rs -</nowiki>||dnf repoquery --extras||aptitude purge '~o'|||| | | Remove packages no longer included in any repositories. || {{ic|<nowiki>pacman -Qmq | pacman -Rs -</nowiki>}} || {{ic|dnf repoquery --extras}} || {{ic|aptitude purge '~o'}} |||| | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Mark a package previously installed as a dependency as explicitly required. ||pacman -D --asexplicit||dnf mark install||apt-mark manual||||emerge --select | | Mark a package previously installed as a dependency as explicitly required. || {{ic|pacman -D --asexplicit}} || {{ic|dnf mark install}} || {{ic|apt-mark manual}} |||| {{ic|emerge --select}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Install package(s) as dependency / without marking as explicitly required. ||pacman -S --asdeps||dnf install | | Install package(s) as dependency / without marking as explicitly required. || {{ic|pacman -S --asdeps}} || {{ic|dnf install}} and then {{ic|dnf mark remove}} || {{ic|apt-mark auto}} |||| {{ic|emerge -1}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Only downloads the given package(s) without unpacking or installing them ||pacman -Sw||dnf download||apt install --download-only (into the package cache) | | Only downloads the given package(s) without unpacking or installing them || {{ic|pacman -Sw}} || {{ic|dnf download}} || {{ic|apt install --download-only}} (into the package cache) or {{ic|apt download}} (bypass the package cache) || {{ic|zypper --download-only}} || {{ic|emerge --fetchonly}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Start a shell to enter multiple commands in one session ||||||apt-config shell||zypper shell || | | Start a shell to enter multiple commands in one session |||||| {{ic|apt-config shell}} || {{ic|zypper shell}} || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Show a log of actions taken by the software management. || | | Show a log of actions taken by the software management. || read {{ic|/var/log/pacman.log}} || {{ic|dnf history}} || {{ic|read /var/log/dpkg.log}} || read {{ic|/var/log/zypp/history}} || see {{ic|/var/log/portage}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Get a dump of the whole system information - Prints, Saves or similar the current state of the package management system. Preferred output is text or XML. (Note: Why either-or here? No tool offers the option to choose the output format.) || | | Get a dump of the whole system information - Prints, Saves or similar the current state of the package management system. Preferred output is text or XML. (Note: Why either-or here? No tool offers the option to choose the output format.) || see {{ic|/var/lib/pacman/local}} || see {{ic|/var/lib/rpm/Packages}} || {{ic|apt-cache stats}} |||| {{ic|emerge --info}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| e-mail delivery of package changes||||||apt install apt-listchanges|||| | | e-mail delivery of package changes |||||| {{ic|apt install apt-listchanges}} |||| | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
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! Action !! Arch !! Red Hat/Fedora !! Debian/Ubuntu !! SLES/openSUSE !! Gentoo | ! Action !! Arch !! Red Hat/Fedora !! Debian/Ubuntu !! SLES/openSUSE !! Gentoo | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Show all or most information about a package. The tools' verbosity for the default command vary. But with options, the tools are on par with each other. ||pacman - | | Show all or most information about a package. The tools' verbosity for the default command vary. But with options, the tools are on par with each other. || {{ic|pacman -Si}} or {{ic|pacman -Qi}} || {{ic|dnf list}} or {{ic|dnf info}} || {{ic|apt show}} or {{ic|apt-cache policy}} || {{ic|zypper info}} or {{ic|zypper if}} || {{ic|emerge -S}}, {{ic|emerge -pv}} or {{ic|eix}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Display local package information: Name, version, description, etc.||pacman -Qi ||rpm -qi / dnf info installed ||dpkg -s | | Display local package information: Name, version, description, etc. || {{ic|pacman -Qi}} || {{ic|rpm -qi}} / {{ic|dnf info installed}} || {{ic|dpkg -s}} or {{ic|aptitude show}} || {{ic|zypper info}} or {{ic|rpm -qi}} || {{ic|emerge -pv}} or {{ic|emerge -S}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Display remote package information: Name, version, description, etc.||pacman -Si ||dnf info ||apt-cache show | | Display remote package information: Name, version, description, etc.|| {{ic|pacman -Si}} || {{ic|dnf info}} || {{ic|apt-cache show}} or {{ic|aptitude show}} || {{ic|zypper info}} || {{ic|emerge -pv}} and {{ic|emerge -S}} or {{ic|equery meta}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Display files provided by local package||pacman -Ql ||rpm -ql||dpkg -L||rpm -Ql ||equery files | | Display files provided by local package || {{ic|pacman -Ql}} || {{ic|rpm -ql}} || {{ic|dpkg -L}} || {{ic|rpm -Ql}} || {{ic|equery files}} or {{ic|qlist}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Display files provided by a remote package||pacman -Fl||dnf repoquery -l or repoquery -l (from package yum-utils) ||apt-file list | | Display files provided by a remote package || {{ic|pacman -Fl}} || {{ic|dnf repoquery -l}} or {{ic|repoquery -l}} (from package yum-utils) || {{ic|apt-file list}} |||| {{ic|pfl}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Query the package which provides FILE ||pacman -Qo ||rpm -qf (installed only) or dnf provides (everything) or repoquery -f (from package yum-utils) ||dpkg -S | | Query the package which provides FILE || {{ic|pacman -Qo}} || {{ic|rpm -qf}} (installed only) or {{ic|dnf provides}} (everything) or {{ic|repoquery -f}} (from package yum-utils) || {{ic|dpkg -S}} or {{ic|dlocate}} || {{ic|zypper search -f}} || {{ic|equery belongs}} or {{ic|qfile}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| List the files that the package holds. Again, this functionality can be mimicked by other more complex commands. ||pacman -Ql | | List the files that the package holds. Again, this functionality can be mimicked by other more complex commands. || {{ic|pacman -Ql}} or {{ic|pacman -Fl}} || {{ic|dnf repoquery -l}} || {{ic|dpkg-query -L}} || {{ic|rpm -ql}} || {{ic|equery files}} or {{ic|qlist}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Displays packages which provide the given exp. aka reverse provides. Mainly a shortcut to search a specific field. Other tools might offer this functionality through the search command. ||pacman -Fo||dnf provides ||apt-file search||zypper what-provides zypper wp|| equery belongs (only installed packages) | | Displays packages which provide the given exp. aka reverse provides. Mainly a shortcut to search a specific field. Other tools might offer this functionality through the search command. || {{ic|pacman -Fo}} || {{ic|dnf provides}} || {{ic|apt-file search}} || {{ic|zypper what-provides}} or {{ic|zypper wp}}|| {{ic|equery belongs}} (only installed packages) or {{ic|pfl}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Search all packages to find the one which holds the specified file. auto-apt is using this functionality. ||pacman -Fs||dnf provides ||apt-file search||zypper search -f ||equery belongs | | Search all packages to find the one which holds the specified file. ''auto-apt'' is using this functionality. || {{ic|pacman -Fs}} || {{ic|dnf provides}} || {{ic|apt-file search}} || {{ic|zypper search -f}} || {{ic|equery belongs}} or {{ic|qfile}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Show the changelog of a package||pacman -Qc||rpm -q --changelog||apt-get changelog||rpm -q --changelog||equery changes -f | | Show the changelog of a package|| {{ic|pacman -Qc}} || {{ic|rpm -q --changelog}} || {{ic|apt-get changelog}} || {{ic|rpm -q --changelog}} || {{ic|equery changes -f}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
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! Action !! Arch !! Red Hat/Fedora !! Debian/Ubuntu !! SLES/openSUSE !! Gentoo | ! Action !! Arch !! Red Hat/Fedora !! Debian/Ubuntu !! SLES/openSUSE !! Gentoo | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Search for package(s) by searching the expression in name, description, short description. What exact fields are being searched by default varies in each tool. Mostly options bring tools on par. ||pacman -Ss ||dnf search ||apt search||zypper search | | Search for package(s) by searching the expression in name, description, short description. What exact fields are being searched by default varies in each tool. Mostly options bring tools on par. || {{ic|pacman -Ss}} || {{ic|dnf search}} || {{ic|apt search}} || {{ic|zypper search}} or {{ic|zypper se -s}} || {{ic|emerge -S}} or {{ic|eix}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Lists packages which have an update available. Note: Some provide special commands to limit the output to certain installation sources, others use options. ||pacman -Qu ||dnf list updates | | Lists packages which have an update available. Note: Some provide special commands to limit the output to certain installation sources, others use options. || {{ic|pacman -Qu}} || {{ic|dnf list updates}} or {{ic|dnf check-update}} || {{ic|apt-get upgrade}} (press {{ic|n}} to only see the list) || {{ic|zypper list-updates}} or {{ic|zypper patch-check}} (just for patches) || {{ic|emerge -uDNp @world}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Display a list of all packages in all installation sources that are handled by the packages management. Some tools provide options or additional commands to limit the output to a specific installation source. ||pacman -Sl ||dnf list available||apt-cache dumpavail | | Display a list of all packages in all installation sources that are handled by the packages management. Some tools provide options or additional commands to limit the output to a specific installation source. || {{ic|pacman -Sl}} || {{ic|dnf list available}} || {{ic|apt-cache dumpavail}} or {{ic|apt-cache dump}} (Cache only) or {{ic|apt-cache pkgnames}} || {{ic|zypper packages}} || {{ic|portageq all_best_visible /}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Generates a list of installed packages || pacman -Q || dnf list installed || |dpkg --list | grep ^i || zypper search --installed-only ||qlist -IC | | Generates a list of installed packages || {{ic|pacman -Q}} || {{ic|dnf list installed}} || {{ic|<nowiki>dpkg --list | grep ^i</nowiki>}} || {{ic|zypper search --installed-only}} || {{ic|qlist -IC}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| List packages that are installed but are not available in any installation source (anymore). ||pacman -Qm||dnf list extras || deborphan || |zypper se -si | grep 'System Packages'||eix-test-obsolete | | List packages that are installed but are not available in any installation source (anymore). || {{ic|pacman -Qm}} || {{ic|dnf list extras}} || {{ic|deborphan}} || {{ic|<nowiki>zypper se -si | grep 'System Packages'</nowiki>}} || {{ic|eix-test-obsolete}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| List packages that were recently added to one of the installation sources, i.e. which are new to it. || | | List packages that were recently added to one of the installation sources, i.e. which are new to it. || || {{ic|dnf list recent}} || {{ic|aptitude search '~N'}} or {{ic|aptitude forget-new}} || || {{ic|eix-diff}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| List installed local packages along with version||pacman -Q||rpm -qa||dpkg -l||zypper search -s | | List installed local packages along with version || {{ic|pacman -Q}} || {{ic|rpm -qa}} || {{ic|dpkg -l}} || {{ic|zypper search -s}} or {{ic|rpm -qa}} || {{ic|qlist -ICv}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Search locally installed package for names or descriptions ||pacman -Qs||rpm -qa '*<str>*' ||aptitude search <nowiki>'~i(~n $name|~d $description)'</nowiki>|||||eix -S -I | | Search locally installed package for names or descriptions || {{ic|pacman -Qs}} || {{ic|rpm -qa '*<str>*'}} || {{ic|aptitude search <nowiki>'~i(~n $name|~d $description)'</nowiki>}} || || {{ic|eix -S -I}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| List packages not required by any other package||pacman -Qt||dnf leaves||deborphan -anp1||||emerge -pc | | List packages not required by any other package || {{ic|pacman -Qt}} || {{ic|dnf leaves}} || {{ic|deborphan -anp1}} || || {{ic|emerge -pc}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| List packages installed explicitly (not as dependencies)||pacman -Qe||dnf history userinstalled||apt-mark showmanual||||emerge -pvO @selected | | List packages installed explicitly (not as dependencies) || {{ic|pacman -Qe}} || {{ic|dnf history userinstalled}} || {{ic|apt-mark showmanual}} || || {{ic|emerge -pvO @selected}} or {{ic|eix --selected}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| List packages installed automatically (as dependencies)||pacman -Qd||||apt-mark showauto|||| | | List packages installed automatically (as dependencies)}} || {{ic|pacman -Qd}} || || {{ic|apt-mark showauto}} || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
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! Action !! Arch !! Red Hat/Fedora !! Debian/Ubuntu !! SLES/openSUSE !! Gentoo | ! Action !! Arch !! Red Hat/Fedora !! Debian/Ubuntu !! SLES/openSUSE !! Gentoo | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Display packages which require X to be installed, aka show reverse dependencies.||pacman -Sii||dnf repoquery --alldeps --whatrequires or repoquery -- | | Display packages which require X to be installed, aka show reverse dependencies. || {{ic|pacman -Sii}} || {{ic|dnf repoquery --alldeps --whatrequires}} or {{ic|repoquery --whatrequires}} || {{ic|apt-cache rdepends}} or {{ic|aptitude search ~D$pattern}} || {{ic|zypper search --requires}} || {{ic|emerge -pvc}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Display packages which conflict with given expression (often package). Search can be used as well to mimic this function.||||dnf repoquery --conflicts||aptitude search '~C$pattern'|| || | | Display packages which conflict with given expression (often package). Search can be used as well to mimic this function. || || {{ic|dnf repoquery --conflicts}} || {{ic|aptitude search '~C$pattern'}} || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| List all packages which are required for the given package, aka show dependencies. ||pacman - | | List all packages which are required for the given package, aka show dependencies. || {{ic|pacman -Si}} or {{ic|pacman -Qi}} || {{ic|dnf repoquery --requires}} or {{ic|repoquery -R}} || {{ic|apt-cache depends}} or {{ic|apt-cache show}} || {{ic|zypper info --requires}} || {{ic|emerge -ep}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| List what the current package provides ||||dnf provides ||dpkg -s | | List what the current package provides || || {{ic|dnf provides}} || {{ic|dpkg -s}} or {{ic|aptitude show}} || {{ic|zypper info --provides}} || {{ic|equery files}} or {{ic|qlist}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| List all packages that require a particular package ||||dnf repoquery --alldeps --whatrequires||aptitude search ~D{depends,recommends,suggests}:$pattern | | List all packages that require a particular package || || {{ic|dnf repoquery --alldeps --whatrequires}} || {{ic|aptitude search ~D{depends,recommends,suggests}:$pattern}} or {{ic|aptitude why}} || {{ic|zypper search --requires}} || {{ic|equery depends -a}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Display all packages that the specified packages obsoletes. ||||dnf list obsoletes ||apt-cache show|||| | | Display all packages that the specified packages obsoletes. || || {{ic|dnf list obsoletes}} || {{ic|apt-cache show}} || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Generates an output suitable for processing with dotty for the given package(s). ||||||apt-cache dotty || | | Generates an output suitable for processing with dotty for the given package(s). || || || {{ic|apt-cache dotty}} || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
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! Action !! Arch !! Red Hat/Fedora !! Debian/Ubuntu !! SLES/openSUSE !! Gentoo | ! Action !! Arch !! Red Hat/Fedora !! Debian/Ubuntu !! SLES/openSUSE !! Gentoo | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Installation sources management || | | Installation sources management ||edit {{ic|/etc/pacman.conf}} || edit {{ic|/etc/yum.repos.d/${REPO}.repo}}|| edit {{ic|/etc/apt/sources.list}} || edit {{ic|/etc/zypp/repos.d/${REPO}.repo}} || {{ic|layman}} or {{ic|eselect repository}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Add an installation source to the system. Some tools provide additional commands for certain sources, others allow all types of source URI for the add command. Again others, like apt and dnf force editing a sources list. apt-cdrom is a special command, which offers special options design for CDs/DVDs as source. ||/etc/pacman.conf||/etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo||apt-cdrom add||zypper service-add ||layman | | Add an installation source to the system. Some tools provide additional commands for certain sources, others allow all types of source URI for the add command. Again others, like apt and dnf force editing a sources list. apt-cdrom is a special command, which offers special options design for CDs/DVDs as source. || edit {{ic|/etc/pacman.conf}} || {{ic|/etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo}} || {{ic|apt-cdrom add}} || {{ic|zypper service-add}} || {{ic|layman}} or {{ic|overlays}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Refresh the information about the specified installation source(s) or all installation sources. ||pacman -Sy ([[System_maintenance#Partial upgrades are unsupported|always upgrade the whole system afterwards]]) ||dnf clean expire-cache | | Refresh the information about the specified installation source(s) or all installation sources. || {{ic|pacman -Sy}} ([[System_maintenance#Partial upgrades are unsupported|always upgrade the whole system afterwards]]) || {{ic|dnf clean expire-cache}} and then {{ic|dnf check-update}} || {{ic|apt-get update}} || {{ic|zypper refresh}} or {{ic|zypper ref}} || {{ic|emerge --sync}} or {{ic|layman -S}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Prints a list of all installation sources including important information like URI, alias etc. ||cat /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist||cat /etc/yum.repos.d/*||apt-cache policy||zypper service-list ||layman -l | | Prints a list of all installation sources including important information like URI, alias etc. || {{ic|cat /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist}} || {{ic|cat /etc/yum.repos.d/*}} || {{ic|apt-cache policy}} || {{ic|zypper service-list}} || {{ic|layman -l}} or {{ic|eselect repository list}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| List all packages from a certain repo|| paclist <repo>|| || || ||eix --in-overlay | | List all packages from a certain repo|| {{ic|paclist <repo>}} || || || || {{ic|eix --in-overlay}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Disable an installation source for an operation ||||dnf --disablerepo=||||||emerge package::repo-to-use | | Disable an installation source for an operation || || {{ic|1=dnf --disablerepo=}}|| || || {{ic|emerge package::repo-to-use}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Download packages from a different version of the distribution than the one installed. ||||dnf --releasever= ||apt-get install -t release package | | Download packages from a different version of the distribution than the one installed. || || {{ic|1=dnf --releasever=}} || {{ic|apt-get install -t release package}} or {{ic|apt-get install package/release}} (dependencies not covered) || || {{ic|echo "category/package ~amd64" >> /etc/portage/package.keywords}} and then {{ic|emerge package}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
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! Action !! Arch !! Red Hat/Fedora !! Debian/Ubuntu !! SLES/openSUSE !! Gentoo | ! Action !! Arch !! Red Hat/Fedora !! Debian/Ubuntu !! SLES/openSUSE !! Gentoo | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Add a package lock rule to keep its current state from being changed ||/etc/pacman.conf | | Add a package lock rule to keep its current state from being changed || edit {{ic|/etc/pacman.conf}} modifying IgnorePkg array || edit {{ic|dnf.conf}} adding/amending the {{ic|exclude}} option || {{ic|apt-mark hold pkg}} || {{ic|zypper al}} or put package name in {{ic|/etc/zypp/locks}} || {{ic|/etc/portage/package.mask}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Delete a package lock rule || | | Delete a package lock rule || edit {{ic|/etc/pacman.conf}} removing package from IgnorePkg line || || {{ic|apt-mark unhold pkg}} || {{ic|zypper rl}} or remove package name from {{ic|/etc/zypp/locks}} || {{ic|/etc/portage/package.mask}} (or {{ic|package.unmask}}) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Show a listing of all lock rules ||cat /etc/pacman.conf|| ||/etc/apt/preferences || | | Show a listing of all lock rules || {{ic|cat /etc/pacman.conf}} || || {{ic|/etc/apt/preferences}} || {{ic|zypper ll}} or view {{ic|/etc/zypp/locks}} || {{ic|cat /etc/portage/package.mask}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Set the priority of the given package to avoid upgrade, force downgrade or to overwrite any default behavior. Can also be used to prefer a package version from a certain installation source. || | | Set the priority of the given package to avoid upgrade, force downgrade or to overwrite any default behavior. Can also be used to prefer a package version from a certain installation source. || edit {{ic|/etc/pacman.conf}} modifying HoldPkg and/or IgnorePkg arrays || || {{ic|/etc/apt/preferences}}, {{ic|apt-cache policy}}|| {{ic|zypper mr -p}} || edit {{ic|/etc/portage/package.accept_keywords}} adding a line with {{ic|1==category/package-version}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Remove a previously set priority ||||||/etc/apt/preferences ||zypper mr -p || | | Remove a previously set priority || || || {{ic|/etc/apt/preferences}} || {{ic|zypper mr -p}} || edit {{ic|/etc/portage/package.accept_keywords}} removing offending line | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Show a list of set priorities | | Show a list of set priorities || || || {{ic|apt-cache policy}} or {{ic|/etc/apt/preferences}} || {{ic|zypper lr -p}} || {{ic|grep -r . /etc/portage/package.accept_keywords}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Ignore problems that priorities may trigger. || || || || n/a || | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
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! Action !! Arch !! Red Hat/Fedora !! Debian/Ubuntu !! SLES/openSUSE !! Gentoo | ! Action !! Arch !! Red Hat/Fedora !! Debian/Ubuntu !! SLES/openSUSE !! Gentoo | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Verify single package||pacman -Qk | | Verify single package || {{ic|pacman -Qk}} (can add another {{ic|k}}) || {{ic|rpm -V}} || {{ic|debsums}} || {{ic|rpm -V}} || {{ic|equery check}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Verify all packages||pacman -Qk | | Verify all packages || {{ic|pacman -Qk}} (can add another {{ic|k}}) || {{ic|rpm -Va}} || {{ic|debsums}} || {{ic|rpm -Va}} || {{ic|equery check}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Reinstall given | | Reinstall given package; this will reinstall the given package without dependency hassle || {{ic|pacman -S}} || {{ic|dnf reinstall}} || {{ic|apt install --reinstall}} || {{ic|zypper install --force}} || {{ic|emerge -1O}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Verify dependencies of the complete system | | Verify dependencies of the complete system; used if installation process was forcefully killed || {{ic|pacman -Dk}} || {{ic|dnf repoquery --requires}} || {{ic|apt-get check}} || {{ic|zypper verify}} || {{ic|emerge -uDN @world}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Use some magic to fix broken dependencies in a system || pacman | | Use some magic to fix broken dependencies in a system || for ''pacman'' dependency level, use {{ic|pacman -Dk}}; for shared library level, use {{AUR|findbrokenpkgs}} or {{ic|lddd}} (from {{pkg|devtools}}) || {{ic|dnf repoquery --unsatisfied}} || {{ic|apt-get --fix-broken}} and then {{ic|aptitude install}} || {{ic|zypper verify}} || {{ic|revdep-rebuild}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Add a checkpoint to the package system for later rollback ||||(unnecessary, done on every transaction)||||n/a|| | | Add a checkpoint to the package system for later rollback || || (unnecessary, it is done on every transaction) || || n/a || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Remove a checkpoint from the system || | | Remove a checkpoint from the system || n/a || n/a || || n/a || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Provide a list of all system checkpoints || | | Provide a list of all system checkpoints || n/a || {{ic|dnf history list}} || || n/a || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Rolls entire packages back to a certain date or checkpoint | | Rolls entire packages back to a certain date or checkpoint || n/a || {{ic|dnf history rollback}} || || n/a || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Undo a single specified transaction | | Undo a single specified transaction || n/a || {{ic|dnf history undo}} || || n/a || | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
Line 198: | Line 198: | ||
! Action !! Arch !! Red Hat/Fedora !! Debian/Ubuntu !! SLES/openSUSE !! Gentoo | ! Action !! Arch !! Red Hat/Fedora !! Debian/Ubuntu !! SLES/openSUSE !! Gentoo | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Query a package supplied on the command line rather than an entry in the package management database||pacman -Qp||rpm -qp||dpkg -I|||| | | Query a package supplied on the command line rather than an entry in the package management database || {{ic|pacman -Qp}} || {{ic|rpm -qp}} || {{ic|dpkg -I}} || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| List the contents of a package file||pacman -Qpl||rpmls rpm -qpl||dpkg -c||rpm -qpl|| | | List the contents of a package file || {{ic|pacman -Qpl}} || {{ic|rpmls rpm -qpl}} || {{ic|dpkg -c}} || {{ic|rpm -qpl}} || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Install local package file, e.g. app.rpm and uses the installation sources to resolve dependencies || {{ic|pacman -U}} || {{ic|dnf install}} || {{ic|apt install}} || {{ic|zypper in}} || {{ic|emerge}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Updates package(s) with local packages and uses the installation sources to resolve dependencies ||pacman -U||dnf upgrade ||debi||||emerge | | Updates package(s) with local packages and uses the installation sources to resolve dependencies || {{ic|pacman -U}} || {{ic|dnf upgrade}} || {{ic|debi}} || || {{ic|emerge}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Add a local package to the local package cache mostly for debugging purposes. ||cp | | Add a local package to the local package cache mostly for debugging purposes. || {{ic|cp ''package-filename'' /var/cache/pacman/pkg/}} || || {{ic|apt-cache add ''package-filename''}} || n/a || {{ic|cp ''package-filename'' /usr/portage/distfiles}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Extract a package ||tar -Jxvf||<nowiki>rpm2cpio | cpio -vid</nowiki>||dpkg-deb -x||<nowiki>rpm2cpio | cpio -vid</nowiki>||tar -jxvf | | Extract a package || {{ic|tar -Jxvf}} || {{ic|<nowiki>rpm2cpio | cpio -vid</nowiki>}} || {{ic|dpkg-deb -x}} || {{ic|<nowiki>rpm2cpio | cpio -vid</nowiki>}} || {{ic|tar -jxvf}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Install/Remove packages to satisfy build-dependencies. Uses information in the source package | | Install/Remove packages to satisfy build-dependencies. Uses information in the source package || Use [[ABS]] and {{ic|makepkg -seoc}} || {{ic|dnf builddep}} || {{ic|apt-get build-dep}} || {{ic|zypper si -d}} || {{ic|emerge -o}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Display the source package to the given package name(s) ||||dnf repoquery -s||apt-cache showsrc ||n/a|| | | Display the source package to the given package name(s) || || {{ic|dnf repoquery -s}} || {{ic|apt-cache showsrc}} || n/a || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Download the corresponding source package(s) to the given package name(s) || Use [[ABS]] and {{ic|makepkg -o}} || {{ic|dnf download --source}} || {{ic|apt-get source}} or {{ic|debcheckout}} || {{ic|zypper source-install}} || {{ic|emerge --fetchonly}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Build a package||makepkg -s||rpmbuild -ba (normal) | | Build a package || {{ic|makepkg -s}} || {{ic|rpmbuild -ba}} (normal) or ''mock'' (in chroot) || {{ic|debuild}} || {{ic|rpmbuild -ba}}, then build, and then {{ic|osc build}} || {{ic|ebuild}} or {{ic|quickpkg}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Check for possible packaging issues||namcap<br>(requires {{Pkg|namcap}})||rpmlint ||lintian||rpmlint ||repoman | | Check for possible packaging issues || ''namcap''<br>(requires {{Pkg|namcap}}) || ''rpmlint'' || ''lintian'' || ''rpmlint'' || ''repoman'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} |
Revision as of 13:04, 8 October 2019
This page uses a table to display the correspondence of package management commands among some of the most popular Linux distributions. The original inspiration was given by openSUSE's Software Management Command Line Comparison.
Tip: Arch users having to temporarily deal with another Linux distribution can use pacapt, a simple wrapper around other package managers.
Note: Some of the tools described here are specific to a certain version of pacman. The
-Qk
option is new in pacman 4.1.Basic operations
Action | Arch | Red Hat/Fedora | Debian/Ubuntu | SLES/openSUSE | Gentoo |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Install a package(s) by name | pacman -S |
dnf install |
apt install |
zypper install or zypper in |
emerge [-a]
|
Remove a package(s) by name | pacman -Rs |
dnf remove |
apt remove |
zypper remove or zypper rm |
emerge -vc
|
Search for package(s) by searching the expression in name, description, short description. What exact fields are being searched by default varies in each tool. Mostly options bring tools on par. | pacman -Ss |
dnf search |
apt search |
zypper search or zypper se [-s] |
emerge -S
|
Upgrade Packages - Install packages which have an older version already installed | pacman -Syu |
dnf upgrade |
apt update and then apt upgrade |
zypper update or zypper up |
emerge -uDN @world
|
Upgrade Packages - Another form of the update command, which can perform more complex updates -- like distribution upgrades. When the usual update command will omit package updates, which include changes in dependencies, this command can perform those updates. | pacman -Syu |
dnf distro-sync |
apt update and then apt dist-upgrade |
zypper dup |
emerge -uDN @world
|
Clean up all local caches. Options might limit what is actually cleaned. autoclean removes only unneeded, obsolete information. |
pacman -Sc or pacman -Scc |
dnf clean all |
apt autoclean or apt clean |
zypper clean |
eclean distfiles
|
Remove dependencies that are no longer needed, because e.g. the package which needed the dependencies was removed. | pacman -Qdtq | pacman -Rs - |
dnf autoremove |
apt autoremove |
zypper rm -u |
emerge --depclean
|
Remove packages no longer included in any repositories. | pacman -Qmq | pacman -Rs - |
dnf repoquery --extras |
aptitude purge '~o' |
||
Mark a package previously installed as a dependency as explicitly required. | pacman -D --asexplicit |
dnf mark install |
apt-mark manual |
emerge --select
| |
Install package(s) as dependency / without marking as explicitly required. | pacman -S --asdeps |
dnf install and then dnf mark remove |
apt-mark auto |
emerge -1
| |
Only downloads the given package(s) without unpacking or installing them | pacman -Sw |
dnf download |
apt install --download-only (into the package cache) or apt download (bypass the package cache) |
zypper --download-only |
emerge --fetchonly
|
Start a shell to enter multiple commands in one session | apt-config shell |
zypper shell |
|||
Show a log of actions taken by the software management. | read /var/log/pacman.log |
dnf history |
read /var/log/dpkg.log |
read /var/log/zypp/history |
see /var/log/portage
|
Get a dump of the whole system information - Prints, Saves or similar the current state of the package management system. Preferred output is text or XML. (Note: Why either-or here? No tool offers the option to choose the output format.) | see /var/lib/pacman/local |
see /var/lib/rpm/Packages |
apt-cache stats |
emerge --info
| |
e-mail delivery of package changes | apt install apt-listchanges |
Querying specific packages
Action | Arch | Red Hat/Fedora | Debian/Ubuntu | SLES/openSUSE | Gentoo |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Show all or most information about a package. The tools' verbosity for the default command vary. But with options, the tools are on par with each other. | pacman -Si or pacman -Qi |
dnf list or dnf info |
apt show or apt-cache policy |
zypper info or zypper if |
emerge -S , emerge -pv or eix
|
Display local package information: Name, version, description, etc. | pacman -Qi |
rpm -qi / dnf info installed |
dpkg -s or aptitude show |
zypper info or rpm -qi |
emerge -pv or emerge -S
|
Display remote package information: Name, version, description, etc. | pacman -Si |
dnf info |
apt-cache show or aptitude show |
zypper info |
emerge -pv and emerge -S or equery meta
|
Display files provided by local package | pacman -Ql |
rpm -ql |
dpkg -L |
rpm -Ql |
equery files or qlist
|
Display files provided by a remote package | pacman -Fl |
dnf repoquery -l or repoquery -l (from package yum-utils) |
apt-file list |
pfl
| |
Query the package which provides FILE | pacman -Qo |
rpm -qf (installed only) or dnf provides (everything) or repoquery -f (from package yum-utils) |
dpkg -S or dlocate |
zypper search -f |
equery belongs or qfile
|
List the files that the package holds. Again, this functionality can be mimicked by other more complex commands. | pacman -Ql or pacman -Fl |
dnf repoquery -l |
dpkg-query -L |
rpm -ql |
equery files or qlist
|
Displays packages which provide the given exp. aka reverse provides. Mainly a shortcut to search a specific field. Other tools might offer this functionality through the search command. | pacman -Fo |
dnf provides |
apt-file search |
zypper what-provides or zypper wp |
equery belongs (only installed packages) or pfl
|
Search all packages to find the one which holds the specified file. auto-apt is using this functionality. | pacman -Fs |
dnf provides |
apt-file search |
zypper search -f |
equery belongs or qfile
|
Show the changelog of a package | pacman -Qc |
rpm -q --changelog |
apt-get changelog |
rpm -q --changelog |
equery changes -f
|
Querying package lists
Action | Arch | Red Hat/Fedora | Debian/Ubuntu | SLES/openSUSE | Gentoo |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Search for package(s) by searching the expression in name, description, short description. What exact fields are being searched by default varies in each tool. Mostly options bring tools on par. | pacman -Ss |
dnf search |
apt search |
zypper search or zypper se -s |
emerge -S or eix
|
Lists packages which have an update available. Note: Some provide special commands to limit the output to certain installation sources, others use options. | pacman -Qu |
dnf list updates or dnf check-update |
apt-get upgrade (press n to only see the list) |
zypper list-updates or zypper patch-check (just for patches) |
emerge -uDNp @world
|
Display a list of all packages in all installation sources that are handled by the packages management. Some tools provide options or additional commands to limit the output to a specific installation source. | pacman -Sl |
dnf list available |
apt-cache dumpavail or apt-cache dump (Cache only) or apt-cache pkgnames |
zypper packages |
portageq all_best_visible /
|
Generates a list of installed packages | pacman -Q |
dnf list installed |
dpkg --list | grep ^i |
zypper search --installed-only |
qlist -IC
|
List packages that are installed but are not available in any installation source (anymore). | pacman -Qm |
dnf list extras |
deborphan |
zypper se -si | grep 'System Packages' |
eix-test-obsolete
|
List packages that were recently added to one of the installation sources, i.e. which are new to it. | dnf list recent |
aptitude search '~N' or aptitude forget-new |
eix-diff
| ||
List installed local packages along with version | pacman -Q |
rpm -qa |
dpkg -l |
zypper search -s or rpm -qa |
qlist -ICv
|
Search locally installed package for names or descriptions | pacman -Qs |
rpm -qa '*<str>*' |
aptitude search '~i(~n $name|~d $description)' |
eix -S -I
| |
List packages not required by any other package | pacman -Qt |
dnf leaves |
deborphan -anp1 |
emerge -pc
| |
List packages installed explicitly (not as dependencies) | pacman -Qe |
dnf history userinstalled |
apt-mark showmanual |
emerge -pvO @selected or eix --selected
| |
List packages installed automatically (as dependencies)}} | pacman -Qd |
apt-mark showauto |
Querying package dependencies
Action | Arch | Red Hat/Fedora | Debian/Ubuntu | SLES/openSUSE | Gentoo |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Display packages which require X to be installed, aka show reverse dependencies. | pacman -Sii |
dnf repoquery --alldeps --whatrequires or repoquery --whatrequires |
apt-cache rdepends or aptitude search ~D$pattern |
zypper search --requires |
emerge -pvc
|
Display packages which conflict with given expression (often package). Search can be used as well to mimic this function. | dnf repoquery --conflicts |
aptitude search '~C$pattern' |
|||
List all packages which are required for the given package, aka show dependencies. | pacman -Si or pacman -Qi |
dnf repoquery --requires or repoquery -R |
apt-cache depends or apt-cache show |
zypper info --requires |
emerge -ep
|
List what the current package provides | dnf provides |
dpkg -s or aptitude show |
zypper info --provides |
equery files or qlist
| |
List all packages that require a particular package | dnf repoquery --alldeps --whatrequires |
aptitude search ~D{depends,recommends,suggests}:$pattern or aptitude why |
zypper search --requires |
equery depends -a
| |
Display all packages that the specified packages obsoletes. | dnf list obsoletes |
apt-cache show |
|||
Generates an output suitable for processing with dotty for the given package(s). | apt-cache dotty |
Installation sources management
Action | Arch | Red Hat/Fedora | Debian/Ubuntu | SLES/openSUSE | Gentoo |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Installation sources management | edit /etc/pacman.conf |
edit /etc/yum.repos.d/${REPO}.repo |
edit /etc/apt/sources.list |
edit /etc/zypp/repos.d/${REPO}.repo |
layman or eselect repository
|
Add an installation source to the system. Some tools provide additional commands for certain sources, others allow all types of source URI for the add command. Again others, like apt and dnf force editing a sources list. apt-cdrom is a special command, which offers special options design for CDs/DVDs as source. | edit /etc/pacman.conf |
/etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo |
apt-cdrom add |
zypper service-add |
layman or overlays
|
Refresh the information about the specified installation source(s) or all installation sources. | pacman -Sy (always upgrade the whole system afterwards) |
dnf clean expire-cache and then dnf check-update |
apt-get update |
zypper refresh or zypper ref |
emerge --sync or layman -S
|
Prints a list of all installation sources including important information like URI, alias etc. | cat /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist |
cat /etc/yum.repos.d/* |
apt-cache policy |
zypper service-list |
layman -l or eselect repository list
|
List all packages from a certain repo | paclist <repo> |
eix --in-overlay
| |||
Disable an installation source for an operation | dnf --disablerepo= |
emerge package::repo-to-use
| |||
Download packages from a different version of the distribution than the one installed. | dnf --releasever= |
apt-get install -t release package or apt-get install package/release (dependencies not covered) |
echo "category/package ~amd64" >> /etc/portage/package.keywords and then emerge package
|
Overrides
Action | Arch | Red Hat/Fedora | Debian/Ubuntu | SLES/openSUSE | Gentoo |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Add a package lock rule to keep its current state from being changed | edit /etc/pacman.conf modifying IgnorePkg array |
edit dnf.conf adding/amending the exclude option |
apt-mark hold pkg |
zypper al or put package name in /etc/zypp/locks |
/etc/portage/package.mask
|
Delete a package lock rule | edit /etc/pacman.conf removing package from IgnorePkg line |
apt-mark unhold pkg |
zypper rl or remove package name from /etc/zypp/locks |
/etc/portage/package.mask (or package.unmask )
| |
Show a listing of all lock rules | cat /etc/pacman.conf |
/etc/apt/preferences |
zypper ll or view /etc/zypp/locks |
cat /etc/portage/package.mask
| |
Set the priority of the given package to avoid upgrade, force downgrade or to overwrite any default behavior. Can also be used to prefer a package version from a certain installation source. | edit /etc/pacman.conf modifying HoldPkg and/or IgnorePkg arrays |
/etc/apt/preferences , apt-cache policy |
zypper mr -p |
edit /etc/portage/package.accept_keywords adding a line with =category/package-version
| |
Remove a previously set priority | /etc/apt/preferences |
zypper mr -p |
edit /etc/portage/package.accept_keywords removing offending line
| ||
Show a list of set priorities | apt-cache policy or /etc/apt/preferences |
zypper lr -p |
grep -r . /etc/portage/package.accept_keywords
| ||
Ignore problems that priorities may trigger. | n/a |
Verification and repair
Action | Arch | Red Hat/Fedora | Debian/Ubuntu | SLES/openSUSE | Gentoo |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Verify single package | pacman -Qk (can add another k ) |
rpm -V |
debsums |
rpm -V |
equery check
|
Verify all packages | pacman -Qk (can add another k ) |
rpm -Va |
debsums |
rpm -Va |
equery check
|
Reinstall given package; this will reinstall the given package without dependency hassle | pacman -S |
dnf reinstall |
apt install --reinstall |
zypper install --force |
emerge -1O
|
Verify dependencies of the complete system; used if installation process was forcefully killed | pacman -Dk |
dnf repoquery --requires |
apt-get check |
zypper verify |
emerge -uDN @world
|
Use some magic to fix broken dependencies in a system | for pacman dependency level, use pacman -Dk ; for shared library level, use findbrokenpkgsAUR or lddd (from devtools) |
dnf repoquery --unsatisfied |
apt-get --fix-broken and then aptitude install |
zypper verify |
revdep-rebuild
|
Add a checkpoint to the package system for later rollback | (unnecessary, it is done on every transaction) | n/a | |||
Remove a checkpoint from the system | n/a | n/a | n/a | ||
Provide a list of all system checkpoints | n/a | dnf history list |
n/a | ||
Rolls entire packages back to a certain date or checkpoint | n/a | dnf history rollback |
n/a | ||
Undo a single specified transaction | n/a | dnf history undo |
n/a |
Using package files and building packages
Action | Arch | Red Hat/Fedora | Debian/Ubuntu | SLES/openSUSE | Gentoo |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Query a package supplied on the command line rather than an entry in the package management database | pacman -Qp |
rpm -qp |
dpkg -I |
||
List the contents of a package file | pacman -Qpl |
rpmls rpm -qpl |
dpkg -c |
rpm -qpl |
|
Install local package file, e.g. app.rpm and uses the installation sources to resolve dependencies | pacman -U |
dnf install |
apt install |
zypper in |
emerge
|
Updates package(s) with local packages and uses the installation sources to resolve dependencies | pacman -U |
dnf upgrade |
debi |
emerge
| |
Add a local package to the local package cache mostly for debugging purposes. | cp package-filename /var/cache/pacman/pkg/ |
apt-cache add package-filename |
n/a | cp package-filename /usr/portage/distfiles
| |
Extract a package | tar -Jxvf |
rpm2cpio | cpio -vid |
dpkg-deb -x |
rpm2cpio | cpio -vid |
tar -jxvf
|
Install/Remove packages to satisfy build-dependencies. Uses information in the source package | Use ABS and makepkg -seoc |
dnf builddep |
apt-get build-dep |
zypper si -d |
emerge -o
|
Display the source package to the given package name(s) | dnf repoquery -s |
apt-cache showsrc |
n/a | ||
Download the corresponding source package(s) to the given package name(s) | Use ABS and makepkg -o |
dnf download --source |
apt-get source or debcheckout |
zypper source-install |
emerge --fetchonly
|
Build a package | makepkg -s |
rpmbuild -ba (normal) or mock (in chroot) |
debuild |
rpmbuild -ba , then build, and then osc build |
ebuild or quickpkg
|
Check for possible packaging issues | namcap (requires namcap) |
rpmlint | lintian | rpmlint | repoman |