Acpid

zh-CN:Acpid acpid is a flexible and extensible daemon for delivering ACPI events. It listens on /proc/acpi/event and when an event occurs, executes programs to handle the event. These events are triggered by certain actions, such as:

• Pressing the Power button
• Pressing the Sleep/Suspend button
• Closing a notebook lid
• (Un)Plugging an AC power adapter from a notebook

acpid can be used by itself, or combined with a more robust system such as pm-utils and cpufrequtils to provide a more complete power management solution.

Warning: Please note that desktop environments such as GNOME tend to have their own means of handling ACPI events, independent of acpid. The systemd login manager implements its own system, too. Running more than one system at the same time may lead to unexpected behaviour. For example suspending and shutting down at the same time, when the power button is pressed or suspending two times in a row after one sleep button press. You should be aware of this and only activate event handlers in one configuration system, completely disabling them in the others.

Note for KDE SC and GNOME users: Since the script provided by acpid, /etc/acpi/handler.sh, will override your desktop environment's power button functionality, you most likely want to disable acpid's power off routine to avoid shutting down the system suddenly when you press the power button (which can be very frustrating and lead to data loss since it will shutdown your system without asking to saving any current work). To power off with the shutdown menu of your preferred DE, just edit the /etc/acpi/handler.sh script and comment out with a hash # line fifteen (15), poweroff.

Installation

Install the acpid package, available in the official repositories.

To have it start on boot :

• if you're using systemd, run systemctl enable acpid ;
• if you're using initscripts, edit /etc/rc.conf as root and add acpid to the DAEMONS array.

Configuration

acpid comes with a number of predefined actions for triggered events, such as what should happen when you press the Power button on your machine. By default, these actions are defined in /etc/acpi/handler.sh, which is executed after any ACPI events are detected (as determined by /etc/acpi/events/anything).

The following is a brief example of one such action. In this case, when the Sleep button is pressed, acpid runs the command echo -n mem >/sys/power/state which should place the computer into a sleep (suspend) state:

button/sleep)
    case "$2" in
        SLPB) echo -n mem >/sys/power/state ;;
	 *)    logger "ACPI action undefined: $2" ;;
    esac
    ;;

Unfortunately, not every computer labels ACPI events in the same way. For example, the Sleep button may be identified on one machine as SLPB and on another as SBTN.

To determine how your buttons or Template:Keypress shortcuts are recognized, run the following command from a terminal as root:

# tail -f /var/log/messages.log

Now press the Power button and/or Sleep button (e.g. Template:Keypress) on your machine. The result should look something this:

logger: ACPI action undefined: PBTN
logger: ACPI action undefined: SBTN

If that does not work, run:

# acpi_listen

Then press the power button and you will see something like this:

power/button PBTN 00000000 00000b31

The output of acpi_listen is sent to /etc/acpi/handler.sh as $1, $2 , $3 & $4 parameters. Example:

$1 power/button
$2 PBTN
$3 00000000
$4 00000b31

As you might have noticed, the Sleep button in the sample output is actually recognized as SBTN, rather than the SLPB label specified in the default /etc/acpi/handler.sh. In order for Sleep function to work properly on this machine, we would need to replace SLPB) with SBTN).

Using this information as a base, you can easily customize the /etc/acpi/handler.sh file to execute a variety of commands depending on which event is triggered. See the Tips & Tricks section below for other commonly used commands.

Alternative configuration

By default, all ACPI events are passed through the /etc/acpi/handler.sh script. This is due to the ruleset outlined in /etc/acpi/events/anything:

# Pass all events to our one handler script
event=.*
action=/etc/acpi/handler.sh %e

While this works just fine as it is, some users may prefer to define event rules and actions in their own self-contained scripts. The following is an example of how to use an individual event file and corresponding action script:

As root, create the following file:

/etc/acpi/events/sleep-button

event=button sleep.*
action=/etc/acpi/actions/sleep-button.sh "%e"

Now create the following file:

/etc/acpi/actions/sleep-button.sh

#!/bin/sh
case "$2" in
    SLPB) echo -n mem >/sys/power/state ;;
    *)    logger "ACPI action undefined: $2" ;;
esac

Finally, make the script executable:

# chmod +x /etc/acpi/actions/sleep-button.sh

Using this method, it is easy to create any number of individual event/action scripts.

Tips and tricks

Extending acpid with pm-utils

Although acpid can provide basic suspend2ram out-of-the-box, a more robust system may be desired. pm-utils provides a very flexible framework for suspend2ram (suspend) and suspend2disk (hibernate) operations, including common fixes for stubborn hardware and drivers (e.g. fglrx module). pm-utils provides two scripts, pm-suspend and pm-hibernate, both of which can be inserted as events into acpid. For more information, check the pm-utils wiki.

Example Events

The following are examples of events that can be used in the /etc/acpi/handler.sh script. These examples should be modified so that they apply your specific environment e.g. changing the event variable names interpreted by acpi_listen.

To lock the screen with xscreensaver when closing the laptop lid:

button/lid)
    case $3 in
        close)
            # The lock command need to be run as the user who owns the xscreensaver process and not as root.
            # See: man xscreensaver-command. $xs will have the value of the user owning the process, if any.

            xs=$(ps -C xscreensaver -o user=)
            if test $xs; then su $xs -c "xscreensaver-command -lock"; fi
            ;;

To suspend the system and lock the screen using slimlock when the lid is closed:

button/lid)
    case $3 in
        close)
            #echo "LID switched!">/dev/tty5
	     /usr/sbin/pm-suspend &
	     DISPLAY=:0.0 su -c - username /usr/bin/slimlock
            ;;

Execute pm-suspend when the sleep button is pressed:

button/sleep)
    case "$2" in
        SBTN) 
	     #echo -n mem >/sys/power/state
            /usr/sbin/pm-suspend
            ;;

To set the laptop screen brightness when plugged in power or not (the numbers might need to be adjusted, see /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/max_brightness):

ac_adapter)
    case "$2" in
        AC*|AD*)
            case "$4" in
                00000000)
                    echo -n 50 > /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness
                    ;;
                00000001)
                    echo -n 100 > /sys/class/backlight/acpi_video0/brightness
                    ;;
            esac

Enabling volume control

Find out the acpi identity of the volume buttons (see above) and susbtitute it for the acpi events in the files below. We create a pair of scripts to control the volume (assuming an ALSA sound card):

/etc/acpi/actions/volume_up.sh

  #!/bin/bash
  /usr/bin/amixer set Master 5%+

/etc/acpi/actions/volume_down.sh

  #!/bin/bash
  /usr/bin/amixer set Master 5%-

and connect these to new acpi events:

/etc/acpi/events/volume_up

  event=button[ /]volumeup
  action=/etc/acpi/actions/volume_up.sh

/etc/acpi/events/volume_down

  event=button[ /]volumedown
  action=/etc/acpi/actions/volume_down.sh

as well as another event to toggle the mute setting:

/etc/acpi/events/volume_mute

  event=button[ /]volumemute
  action=/usr/bin/amixer set Master toggle

Laptop Monitor Power Off

Adapted from the Gentoo Wiki comes this little gem. Add this to the bottom of /etc/acpi/actions/lm_lid.sh or to the button/lid section /etc/acpi/handler.sh. This will turn off the LCD back-light when the lid is closed, and restart when the lid is opened.

case $(cat /proc/acpi/button/lid/LID0/state | awk '{print $2}') in
    closed) XAUTHORITY=$(ps -C xinit -f --no-header | sed -n 's/.*-auth //; s/ -[^ ].*//; p') xset -display :0 dpms force off ;;
    open)   XAUTHORITY=$(ps -C xinit -f --no-header | sed -n 's/.*-auth //; s/ -[^ ].*//; p') xset -display :0 dpms force on  ;;
esac

If you would like to increase/decrease brightness or anything dependent on X, you should specify the X display as well as the MIT magic cookie file (via XAUTHORITY). The last is a security credential providing read and write access to the X server, display, and any input devices.

Here is another script not using XAUTHORITY but sudo:

case $(cat /proc/acpi/button/lid/LID0/state | awk '{print $2}') in
    closed) sudo -u `ps -o ruser= -C xinit` xset -display :0 dpms force off ;;
    open)   sudo -u `ps -o ruser= -C xinit` xset -display :0 dpms force on  ;;
esac

With certain combinations of Xorg and stubborn hardware, xset dpms force off only blanks the display leaving the backlight turned on. This can be fixed using vbetool from the official repositories. Change the LCD section to:

case $(cat /proc/acpi/button/lid/LID0/state | awk '{print $2}') in
    closed) vbetool dpms off ;;
    open)   vbetool dpms on  ;;
esac

If the monitor appears to shut off only briefly before being re-powered, very possibly the power management shipped with xscreensaver conflicts with any manual dpms settings.

Getting user name of the current display

You can use the function getuser to discover the user of the current display:

getuser ()
    {
     export DISPLAY=`echo $DISPLAY | cut -c -2`
     user=`who | grep " $DISPLAY" | awk '{print $1}' | tail -n1`
     export XAUTHORITY=/home/$user/.Xauthority
     eval $1=$user
    }

This function can be used for example, when you press the power button and want to shutdown KDE properly:

button/power)
    case "$2" in
        PBTN)
            getuser "$user"
            echo $user > /dev/tty5
            su $user -c "dcop ksmserver ksmserver logout 0 2 0"
            ;;
          *) logger "ACPI action undefined $2" ;;
    esac
    ;;

On newer systems using systemd, X11 logins are no longer necessarily displayed in who, so the getuser function above does not work. An alternative is to use loginctl to obtain the required information, e.g. using xuserrun.

See also

• http://acpid.sourceforge.net/ - acpid homepage
• http://www.gentoo-wiki.info/ACPI/Configuration - RIP Gentoo wiki entry - New Gentoo Wiki Archives
• ACPI hotkeys