Difference between revisions of "Arch Handbook"
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− | [[Category: | + | [[Category:Getting and installing Arch]] |
− | + | {{out of date}} | |
− | {{ | ||
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== Notice == | == Notice == | ||
This handbook has only just been started. It's currently a rather bare outline. Please edit it and make it better! Look at the [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook] as a style guide. | This handbook has only just been started. It's currently a rather bare outline. Please edit it and make it better! Look at the [http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/ FreeBSD Handbook] as a style guide. | ||
Line 13: | Line 11: | ||
Arch linux is a lightweight and flexible linux distribution that tries to Keep It Simple. | Arch linux is a lightweight and flexible linux distribution that tries to Keep It Simple. | ||
There are official packages optimized for the i686 and x86-64 architectures. There is also a community-operated package repository. | There are official packages optimized for the i686 and x86-64 architectures. There is also a community-operated package repository. | ||
− | See the pages in [[:Category: About Arch | + | See the pages in [[:Category:About Arch|this category]] |
=== Installing Arch Linux === | === Installing Arch Linux === | ||
− | + | The full install guide is [[Installation Guide|here]] and the install CDs are available [https://www.archlinux.org/download/ here]. If you would like a more detailed installation guide, please see the [[Beginners' Guide]]. | |
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− | The full install guide is [[ | ||
=== Linux Basics === | === Linux Basics === | ||
A few basics on the file system and command line, for people starting Unix/Linux with Arch. | A few basics on the file system and command line, for people starting Unix/Linux with Arch. | ||
− | + | '''How to change directory:''' | |
− | + | ||
+ | cd /name/of/directory | ||
+ | |||
+ | e.g. | ||
+ | |||
+ | cd /etc/pacman.d | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''How to make a Directory:''' | ||
+ | |||
+ | mkdir /path/to/new/directory | ||
+ | |||
+ | e.g. | ||
+ | |||
+ | mkdir /home/archuser/newfolder | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''How to remove an (empty) directory:''' | ||
+ | |||
+ | rmdir /path/to/empty/directory | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''How to remove a non-empty directory:''' | ||
+ | |||
+ | rmdir --ignore-fail-on-non-empty /path/to/non_empty/directory | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''How to List files in a directory:''' | ||
+ | |||
+ | All Files: (except hidden files) | ||
+ | |||
+ | ls | ||
+ | |||
+ | All files: (including hidden files) | ||
+ | |||
+ | ls -a | ||
+ | |||
+ | All files, hidden files and their properties: | ||
+ | |||
+ | ls -la | ||
+ | |||
+ | Files with the .avi file extension only: | ||
+ | |||
+ | ls *.avi | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''How to move a file:''' | ||
+ | |||
+ | mv /path/to/old/file.ext /path/to/new/file.ext | ||
+ | |||
+ | e.g. | ||
+ | |||
+ | mv /home/archuser/compressed.zip /home/archuser/myfiles/compressed2.zip | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''How to copy a file:''' | ||
+ | |||
+ | cp /path/to/file.txt /path/to/copied/file.txt | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''How to remove a file:''' | ||
+ | |||
+ | rm /path/to/file.txt | ||
+ | |||
+ | e.g. | ||
+ | |||
+ | rm /home/archuser/file.txt | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''How to show the contents of a file:''' | ||
+ | |||
+ | cat /path/to/file.txt | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''How to make a File/Script Executable:''' | ||
+ | |||
+ | chmod +x /path/to/script.sh | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''How to (search the entire filesystem for) a file called euwfh.avi''' | ||
+ | |||
+ | cd / | ||
+ | |||
+ | find -name euwfh.avi | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''How to mount a partition:''' | ||
+ | |||
+ | mount /dev/sdX1 /media/mountpoint | ||
+ | |||
+ | e.g. | ||
+ | |||
+ | mount /dev/sda1 /media/folder | ||
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− | + | '''How to Show How much Space is Left/used on (all mounted) partitions:''' | |
− | + | df -h | |
− | + | '''How to show all running processes:''' | |
− | + | ps -A | |
− | + | '''How to stop an annoying process called "EvilTrojan":''' | |
− | + | killall EvilTrojan | |
− | + | '''How to show an unintelligible manual for a program "ultracompressor"''' | |
− | + | man ultracompressor | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | === Installing, removing, updating and managing software: pacman === | |
− | + | See [[pacman]]. | |
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− | === | + | === Graphical Desktop Environments === |
+ | {{Graphical user interface overview}} | ||
== Common Tasks == | == Common Tasks == | ||
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Creating and managing users with command-line utilities. | Creating and managing users with command-line utilities. | ||
− | Users are created with <code>adduser</code>. | + | Users are created with <code>adduser</code>. See [[Users and Groups]] for more information. |
== Networking == | == Networking == | ||
Line 107: | Line 157: | ||
=== Firewalls === | === Firewalls === | ||
− | + | See [[Firewalls]], [[iptables]], [[Simple Stateful Firewall]]. |
Revision as of 16:34, 6 December 2012
Notice
This handbook has only just been started. It's currently a rather bare outline. Please edit it and make it better! Look at the FreeBSD Handbook as a style guide.
Most sections should be a summary, with a link to the main article on the subject.
Getting Started
Introduction
Arch linux is a lightweight and flexible linux distribution that tries to Keep It Simple. There are official packages optimized for the i686 and x86-64 architectures. There is also a community-operated package repository. See the pages in this category
Installing Arch Linux
The full install guide is here and the install CDs are available here. If you would like a more detailed installation guide, please see the Beginners' Guide.
Linux Basics
A few basics on the file system and command line, for people starting Unix/Linux with Arch.
How to change directory:
cd /name/of/directory
e.g.
cd /etc/pacman.d
How to make a Directory:
mkdir /path/to/new/directory
e.g.
mkdir /home/archuser/newfolder
How to remove an (empty) directory:
rmdir /path/to/empty/directory
How to remove a non-empty directory:
rmdir --ignore-fail-on-non-empty /path/to/non_empty/directory
How to List files in a directory:
All Files: (except hidden files)
ls
All files: (including hidden files)
ls -a
All files, hidden files and their properties:
ls -la
Files with the .avi file extension only:
ls *.avi
How to move a file:
mv /path/to/old/file.ext /path/to/new/file.ext
e.g.
mv /home/archuser/compressed.zip /home/archuser/myfiles/compressed2.zip
How to copy a file:
cp /path/to/file.txt /path/to/copied/file.txt
How to remove a file:
rm /path/to/file.txt
e.g.
rm /home/archuser/file.txt
How to show the contents of a file:
cat /path/to/file.txt
How to make a File/Script Executable:
chmod +x /path/to/script.sh
How to (search the entire filesystem for) a file called euwfh.avi
cd /
find -name euwfh.avi
How to mount a partition:
mount /dev/sdX1 /media/mountpoint
e.g.
mount /dev/sda1 /media/folder
How to Show How much Space is Left/used on (all mounted) partitions:
df -h
How to show all running processes:
ps -A
How to stop an annoying process called "EvilTrojan":
killall EvilTrojan
How to show an unintelligible manual for a program "ultracompressor"
man ultracompressor
Installing, removing, updating and managing software: pacman
See pacman.
Graphical Desktop Environments
Template:Graphical user interface overview
Common Tasks
Desktop Applications
Web browsers, office suites, etc.
Multimedia
Video players, music jukeboxes, photo management, how to get codecs.
Printing
CUPS installation and configuration, finding drivers.
System Administration
Configuration and Tuning
A lot of the configuration of Arch is done in /etc/rc.conf. This may sound daunting , but it is well commented and allows you to set modules for auto-loading and blacklisting, along with daemons and some network configuration. Details on some common configuration (init, cron).
Users and Basic Account Management
Creating and managing users with command-line utilities.
Users are created with adduser
. See Users and Groups for more information.
Networking
Network Configuration
How networks are set up in Arch.
Servers
Mail, web, SSH server installation and configuration.