Difference between revisions of "CD Burning"
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===Burning an ISO image=== | ===Burning an ISO image=== | ||
To burn an ISO image run: | To burn an ISO image run: | ||
− | $ | + | $ cdrecord -v dev=/dev/sr0 isoimage.iso |
===Burning an audio CD=== | ===Burning an audio CD=== |
Revision as of 13:59, 24 March 2013
zh-CN:CD Burning Template:Article summary start Template:Article summary text Template:Article summary heading Template:Article summary wiki Template:Article summary end
Contents
- 1 Command-line CD-burning
- 1.1 Install CD-burning utilities
- 1.2 Modifying the CD-RW
- 1.3 Erasing CD-RW
- 1.4 Burning an ISO image
- 1.5 Burning an audio CD
- 1.6 Burning a bin/cue
- 1.7 Making an ISO image from an existing CD
- 1.8 Making an ISO image from existing files on hard disk
- 1.9 Mounting an ISO image
- 1.10 Converting to an ISO image
- 2 Burning CDs with a GUI
- 3 Troubleshooting
Command-line CD-burning
Install CD-burning utilities
From http://www.cdrkit.org/:
cdrkit
is a suite of programs for recording CDs and DVDs, blanking CD-RW media, creating ISO-9660 filesystem images, extracting audio CD data, and more. The programs included in thecdrkit
package were originally derived from several sources, most notablymkisofs
by Eric Youngdale and others,cdda2wav
by Heiko Eissfeldt, andcdrecord
by Jörg Schilling. However,cdrkit
is not affiliated with any of these authors; it is now an independent project.
The cdrkit package is available in the official repositories.
If you intend to use cdrdao (for writing cue
/bin
files to CD), install that package instead.
cdrkit
, it is recommended to install cdrtools from the community repository (cdrkit
is a fork of cdrtools
). cdrtools
is being actively developed and supports CD, DVD and Blu-ray burning along with complete CDRWIN cue
/bin
support. cdrtools
does not depend on cdrdao
. For more information, see this page from the cdrtools site.Modifying the CD-RW
For the remainder of this section the name of your recording device is assumed to be /dev/cdrw
. If that is not the case, modify the commands accordingly. In order to write to the CD it needs to be unmounted. If it is not, wodim
will give you an error message.
You can try to let wodim locate your burning device with this command:
$ wodim -checkdrive
Erasing CD-RW
CD-RW media usually need to be erased before you can write new data on it. To blank CD-RW medium use this command:
$ wodim -v dev=/dev/cdrw -blank=fast
As you might have guessed, this blanks your medium really fast, but you can also use some other options, just replace the word fast with one of the following:
- all
- blank the entire disk
- disc
- blank the entire disk
- disk
- blank the entire disk
- fast
- minimally blank the entire disk (PMA, TOC, pregap)
- minimal
- minimally blank the entire disk (PMA, TOC, pregap)
- track
- blank a track
- unreserve
- unreserve a track
- trtail
- blank a track tail
- unclose
- unclose last session
- session
- blank last session
Burning an ISO image
To burn an ISO image run:
$ cdrecord -v dev=/dev/sr0 isoimage.iso
Burning an audio CD
1. Create your audio tracks and store them as uncompressed, 16-bit stereo WAV files.
cd
to the directoy with your MP3 files, and run:
$ for i in *.mp3; do lame --decode "$i" "`basename "$i" .mp3`".wav; done
Note: In case you get an error when trying to burn WAV files converted with lame try decoding with mpg123:
$ for i in *.mp3; do mpg123 --rate 44100 --stereo --buffer 3072 --resync -w `basename $i .mp3`.wav $i; done
2. Name the audio files in a manner that will cause them to be listed in the desired track order when listed alphabetically, such as 01.wav
, 02.wav
, 03.wav
, etc.
3. Use the following command to simulate burning the wav files as an audio CD:
$ wodim -dummy -v -pad speed=1 dev=/dev/cdrw -dao -swab *.wav
In case you detect errors or empty tracks like
Track 01: audio 0 MB (00:00.00) no preemp pad
try another decoder (e.g. mpg123) or try using cdrecord from the cdrtools package. Note that cdrkit also contains a cdrecord command but it is just a softlink to wodim.
4. If anything worked you can remove the dummy flag to really burn the CD
To test the new audio CD, use MPlayer:
$ mplayer cdda://
Burning a bin/cue
To burn a bin/cue image run:
$ cdrdao write --device /dev/cdrw image.cue
Making an ISO image from an existing CD
To copy an existing CD just type:
$ dd if=/dev/cdrw of=/home/user/isoimage.iso
or even simpler:
$ cat /dev/cdrw > isoimage.iso
Or use the readcd
program, also in the cdrkit
package
$ readcd -v dev=/dev/cdrw -f isoimage.iso
If the original CD was bootable it will be a bootable image.
TOC/CUE/BIN for mixed-mode disks
ISO images only store a single data track. If you want to create an image of a mixed-mode disk (data track with multiple audio tracks) then you need to make a TOC/BIN pair:
$ cdrdao read-cd --read-raw --datafile IMAGE.bin --driver generic-mmc:0x20000 --device /dev/cdrom IMAGE.toc
Some software only likes CUE/BIN pair, you can make a CUE sheet with toc2cue
(part of cdrdao
):
$ toc2cue IMAGE.toc IMAGE.cue
Making an ISO image from existing files on hard disk
To make an iso image just copy the needed files to one folder, then do:
$ mkisofs -V volume_name -J -r -o isoimage.iso ~/folder
Mounting an ISO image
To test if the ISO image is proper, you can mount it (as root):
# mount -t iso9660 -o ro,loop=/dev/loop0 cd_image /cdrom
You have to first load the loop module:
# modprobe loop
Converting to an ISO image
To convert an img
/ccd
image, you can use ccd2iso
:
# pacman -S ccd2iso $ ccd2iso ~/image.img ~/image.iso
Burning CDs with a GUI
There are several applications available to burn CDs in a graphical environment. The use of these programs are self-explanatory.
Nero Linux
NERO LINUX is a commercial burning suite from makers of Nero for windows - Nero AG. the biggest advantage of nero linux is its interface which similar to window version. Hence, users migrating from windows might find it easy to operate. The Linux version now includes Nero Express, a wizard which takes users through the process of burning CDs and DVDs step-by-step, which users will be familiar with from the Windows version. Also new in version 4 is Blu-ray Disc defect management, integration of Isolinux for creating bootable media and support for Musepack and AIFF audio formats...
- Nero Linux 4
- nerolinuxAUR AUR package
Features
- Easy, wizard-style user interface for guided burning with Nero Linux Express 4
- Full Blu-ray Burning Support
- Supports Burning of Audio CD (CD-DA), ISO 9660 (Joliet support), CD-Text, ISOLINUX Bootable, Multi-session Discs, DVD-Video and miniDVD, DVD double layer support.
- Advanced burning with Nero Burning ROM and command line client
License:
Nero Linux 4 retails at £17.99 with a free trial version also available.
Note:
For Nero Linux you need
MODULES=( sg )
in rc.conf. Some updates ago the sg module wasn't auto loaded any more and Nero needs it.
K3b
According to [1], k3b is "The CD/DVD Kreator for Linux - optimized for KDE". K3b uses the Qt toolkit.
The k3b package is available in the official repositories.
# pacman -S k3b
Run k3bsetup
to set up your preferences, permissions, etc.; run k3b
to execute the main program.
Brasero
Brasero is another solution to CD burning if you are using GNOME.
- Run
brasero
to run the main program.
Graveman
Graveman is a simple and almost dependency-free application for burning CDs.
- Run
graveman
as a regular user to create the configuration file in~/.config/graveman/graveman.conf
(if you run graveman as root first, the permissions for this file will be wrong). - Now, in graveman, go to menu File > Preferences... > Devices and add your CD burners (If necessary, run graveman as root). Devices may already be set up correctly.
- Note that you may have to manually add your own device in Graveman's preferences and point it at
/dev/cdrom
instead of/dev/hdc
- If graveman's automatic detection points to 1,0,0 or something like that, and you get the "Currently: no media" error you may point it to
/dev/sr0
or/dev/cdrom
as noted above
Bashburn
Alternatively theres also Bashburn in official repositories as a semi-GUI solution. BashBurn is the new name for the CD burning shell script Magma. It is not the best looking CD-burning application out there, but it does what you want it to do.
Xfburn
Xfburn is a simple CD/DVD burning tool from the Xfce project, and is based on libburnia libraries. It can blank CD-RWs, burn and create ISO images, as well as burn personal compositions of data to either CD or DVD.
It can be found in the official repositories.
Recorder
Recorder is a graphical front-end of cdrkit/cdrtools, cdrdao, mkisofs and growisofs. It aims to be simple and easy to use, free of large configurations and useless options, following the KISS principle and offering a disc burning of quality, nothing more.
- Install recorderAUR from the AUR
- Discussion thread: Recorder - A simple GTK+ disc burner
Troubleshooting
About Locale
When running K3B, if the following message appears
System locale charset is ANSI_X3.4-1968 Your system's locale charset (i.e. the charset used to encode file names) is set to ANSI_X3.4-1968. It is highly unlikely that this has been done intentionally. Most likely the locale is not set at all. An invalid setting will result in problems when creating data projects.Solution: To properly set the locale charset make sure the LC_* environment variables are set. Normally the distribution setup tools take care of this.
It means that your locale is not set well.
To fix it,
- Remove
/etc/locale.gen
# rm /etc/locale.gen
- Re-install
glibc
# pacman -S glibc
- Edit
/etc/locale.gen
, uncommenting all lines lines that corresponds to your language AND theen_US
options, for compatibility.
en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8 en_US ISO-8859-1
- Re-generate the profiles with
locale-gen
# locale-gen
Generating locales... en_US.UTF-8... done en_US.ISO-8859-1... done pt_BR.UTF-8... done pt_BR.ISO-8859-1... done Generation complete.
More info here
Brasero fails to find blank discs
Brasero uses gvfs to manage CD/DVD burning devices.