Difference between revisions of "Keyboard shortcuts"

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{{i18n_links_start}}
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[[Category:Keyboards]]
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{{i18n_entry|English|List of Keyboard Shortcuts}}
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[[Category:X Server]]
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{{i18n_entry|简体中文|键盘快捷键列表}}
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[[Category:Accessibility]]
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{{i18n_links_end}}
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[[zh-CN:Keyboard Shortcuts]]
 +
{{Article summary start}}
 +
{{Article summary text|Default keyboard shortcuts and user customizations.}}
 +
{{Article summary end}}
 +
==Standard Shortcuts==
 +
===Kernel===
 +
These are low level shortcuts that are considered to be used for debugging. Whenever possible, it is recommended to use these instead of doing a hard shutdown (holding power button to shutdown the motherboard).
  
 +
Must be activated first with {{ic|echo "1" > /proc/sys/kernel/sysrq}} or if you wish to have it enabled during boot, edit {{ic|/etc/sysctl.conf}} and set kernel.sysrq = 1
  
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==Kernel==
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A common idiom to remember this is "'''R'''eboot '''E'''ven '''I'''f '''S'''ystem '''U'''tterly '''B'''roken" (also referred to as "REISUB").
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Low level shortcuts for debugging.
 
−
Must be activated first with <code>echo "1" > /proc/sys/kernel/sysrq</code>
 
  
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==Terminal==
+
{|
 +
! Keyboard Shortcut
 +
! Description
 +
|-
 +
| {{keypress|Alt}}+{{keypress|SysRq}}+{{keypress|R}}+ '''Unraw'''
 +
| Take control of keyboard back from X.
 +
|-
 +
| {{keypress|Alt}}+{{keypress|SysRq}}+{{keypress|E}}+ '''Terminate'''
 +
| Send SIGTERM to all processes, allowing them to terminate gracefully.
 +
|-
 +
| {{keypress|Alt}}+{{keypress|SysRq}}+{{keypress|I}}+ '''Kill'''
 +
| Send SIGKILL to all processes, forcing them to terminate immediately.
 +
|-
 +
| {{keypress|Alt}}+{{keypress|SysRq}}+{{keypress|S}}+ '''Sync'''
 +
| Flush data to disk.
 +
|-
 +
| {{keypress|Alt}}+{{keypress|SysRq}}+{{keypress|U}}+ '''Unmount'''
 +
| Unmount and remount all filesystems read-only.
 +
|-
 +
| {{keypress|Alt}}+{{keypress|SysRq}}+{{keypress|B}}+ '''Reboot'''
 +
| Reboot
 +
|-
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
See [[wikipedia:Magic SysRq key|Magic SysRq key - Wikipedia]] for more details.
 +
 
 +
===Terminal===
  
−
===Virtual console===
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====Virtual console====
 
{|
 
{|
 
|-
 
|-
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| {{keypress|&uArr; Shift}}+{{keypress|PgUp}}/{{keypress|PgDown}}
 
| {{keypress|&uArr; Shift}}+{{keypress|PgUp}}/{{keypress|PgDown}}
 
| Scrolls console buffer up/down
 
| Scrolls console buffer up/down
−
|-
 
−
| {{keypress|Ctrl}}+{{keypress|L}}
 
−
| Clear screen
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| {{keypress|Ctrl}}+{{keypress|C}}
 
| {{keypress|Ctrl}}+{{keypress|C}}
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|}
 
|}
  
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===Readline===
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====Readline====
  
 
GNU readline is a commonly used library for line-editing,
 
GNU readline is a commonly used library for line-editing,
−
it is used for example by bash, zsh, ftp and many more (see [http://archlinux.org/packages/core/i686/readline/ Arch Package details] under "Required By" for more examples).
+
it is used for example by bash, ftp and many more (see [https://archlinux.org/packages/core/i686/readline/ Arch Package details] under "Required By" for more examples).
 
readline is also customizable (see manpage for details).
 
readline is also customizable (see manpage for details).
  
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! Keyboard Shortcut
 
! Keyboard Shortcut
 
! Description
 
! Description
 +
|-
 +
| {{keypress|Ctrl}}+{{keypress|L}}
 +
| Clear the screen
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| colspan=2 align="center" | Cursor Movement
 
| colspan=2 align="center" | Cursor Movement
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| Move cursor one character to the right
 
| Move cursor one character to the right
 
|-
 
|-
−
| {{keypress|Altl}}+{{keypress|B}}
+
| {{keypress|Alt}}+{{keypress|B}}
 
| Move cursor one word to the left
 
| Move cursor one word to the left
 
|-
 
|-
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| Cut everything from line start to cursor
 
| Cut everything from line start to cursor
 
|-
 
|-
−
| {{keypress|Altl}}+{{keypress|K}}
+
| {{keypress|Ctrl}}+{{keypress|K}}
 
| Cut everything from the cursor to end of the line
 
| Cut everything from the cursor to end of the line
 
|-
 
|-
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|}
 
|}
  
−
 
+
===X11===
−
 
 
−
==X11==
 
  
 
{|
 
{|
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|-
 
|-
 
| {{keypress|Ctrl}}+{{keypress|Alt}}+{{keypress|Backspace}}
 
| {{keypress|Ctrl}}+{{keypress|Alt}}+{{keypress|Backspace}}
−
| Kills X-server
+
| Kills X-server (This may not work for recent updates.)
 
|-
 
|-
 
| {{keypress|Ctrl}}+{{keypress|&uArr; Shift}}+{{keypress|Num Lock}}
 
| {{keypress|Ctrl}}+{{keypress|&uArr; Shift}}+{{keypress|Num Lock}}
 
| Toggles keyboard mouse; uses numpad, mouse click is done by {{keypress|5}}, use {{keypress|/}}, {{keypress|*}}, and {{keypress|-}}to switch the click to left, middle, and right click
 
| Toggles keyboard mouse; uses numpad, mouse click is done by {{keypress|5}}, use {{keypress|/}}, {{keypress|*}}, and {{keypress|-}}to switch the click to left, middle, and right click
 
|-
 
|-
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| {{keypress|Shift}}+{{keypress|Insert}}, Mouse Button 3
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| {{keypress|Shift}}+{{keypress|Insert}} <br> {{keypress|Mouse Button 3}}
 
| Copy selected text to clipboard, or paste from clipboard
 
| Copy selected text to clipboard, or paste from clipboard
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}
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|-
 +
|}
  
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==Links==
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xkeyboard-config disable keyboard mouse by default after the version 2.0.1.To enable it, changing the following line in {{ic|/usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/pc}}:
−
*[http://linux-newbie.dotsrc.org/html/lnag.html#6.Linux%20Shortcuts%20and%20Commands|outline Linux Newbie Administrator Guide - Shortcuts and Commands]
+
{{bc|key <NMLK> { [ Num_Lock ] }; }}
 +
back to as it was in version 2.0.1:
 +
{{bc|key <NMLK> { [ Num_Lock, Pointer_EnableKeys ] }; }}
 +
 
 +
===Links===
 +
*[http://lnag.sourceforge.net/lnag_html/node5.html Linux Newbie Administrator Guide - Shortcuts and Commands]
 
*[http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Keyboard-and-Console-HOWTO.html The Linux keyboard and console HOWTO]
 
*[http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Keyboard-and-Console-HOWTO.html The Linux keyboard and console HOWTO]
 +
 +
 +
 +
==User Customization==
 +
===Readline===
 +
This example adds keys that allow (in ''vi-mode'') to search backward through the history for the string of characters between the start of the current line and the point.  This is a non-incremental search.
 +
{{hc|.inputrc|
 +
set editing-mode vi
 +
set keymap vi-insert
 +
"\C-r": history-search-backward
 +
"\C-e": history-search-forward
 +
}}
 +
 +
===X11===
 +
====Modifying the Keyboard Layout====
 +
This example changes the CapsLock key to only activate caps lock when the Shift key is also pressed
 +
{{hc|.xinitrc|2=xmodmap -e 'keycode  66 = NoSymbol Caps_Lock Caps_Lock'}}
 +
The keycode of the CapsLock key can be found in the output of
 +
{{ic|xmodmap -pk}}
 +
 +
====Key Binding for X-Selection-Paste====
 +
Users who prefer to work rather with the keyboard than the mouse may benefit from a key binding to the paste operation of the '''middle mouse button'''.  This is especially useful in a keyboard-centered environment.  A workflow example is:
 +
#In Firefox, select a string you want to google for (with the mouse).
 +
#Hit {{keypress|Ctrl+k}} to enter the "Google search" field.
 +
#Hit {{keypress|F12}} to paste the buffer, instead of moving the mouse pointer to the field and center-click to paste.
 +
 +
The method suggested here uses three packages available in the [[Official Repositories|official repositories]]:
 +
*{{Pkg|xsel}} to give access to the x-selection-buffer content.
 +
*{{Pkg|xbindkeys}} to bind a key-stroke to an action.
 +
*{{Pkg|xvkbd}} to pass the buffer string to the application by emulating keyboard input.
 +
 +
This example binds the x-selection-paste operation to the {{keypress|F12}} key:
 +
{{hc|.xbindkeysrc|
 +
"xvkbd -no-jump-pointer -xsendevent -text "\D1`xsel`" 2>/dev/null"
 +
    F12
 +
}}
 +
The {{ic|"\D1"}} code prefixes a 100 ms pause to inserting the selection buffer (see the [http://homepage3.nifty.com/tsato/xvkbd/ xvkbd home page]).
 +
{{Note|Depending on your X configuration, you may need to drop the {{ic|-xsendevent}} argument to xvkbd.}}
 +
The key codes for keys other than {{keypress|F12}} can be determined using {{ic|xbindkeys -k}}.
 +
 +
'''See Also:'''
 +
*[http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/11889/pasting-x-selection-not-clipboard-contents-with-keyboard Pasting X selection (not clipboard) contents with keyboard]
 +
*[http://homepage3.nifty.com/tsato/xvkbd/ xvkbd home page]
 +
 +
===Firefox===
 +
Use the [https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/firefox/addon/customizable-shortcuts/ customizable-shortcuts] add-on.
 +
 +
==Tips==
 +
*If you like a keyboard-centered workflow, you might also appreciate a [[wikipedia:Tiling_window_manager|tiling window manager]], like [[Xmonad]].

Revision as of 04:07, 3 December 2012

zh-CN:Keyboard Shortcuts Template:Article summary start Template:Article summary text Template:Article summary end

Standard Shortcuts

Kernel

These are low level shortcuts that are considered to be used for debugging. Whenever possible, it is recommended to use these instead of doing a hard shutdown (holding power button to shutdown the motherboard).

Must be activated first with echo "1" > /proc/sys/kernel/sysrq or if you wish to have it enabled during boot, edit /etc/sysctl.conf and set kernel.sysrq = 1

A common idiom to remember this is "Reboot Even If System Utterly Broken" (also referred to as "REISUB").

Keyboard Shortcut Description
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress+ Unraw Take control of keyboard back from X.
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress+ Terminate Send SIGTERM to all processes, allowing them to terminate gracefully.
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress+ Kill Send SIGKILL to all processes, forcing them to terminate immediately.
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress+ Sync Flush data to disk.
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress+ Unmount Unmount and remount all filesystems read-only.
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress+ Reboot Reboot

See Magic SysRq key - Wikipedia for more details.

Terminal

Virtual console

Keyboard Shortcut Description
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Reboots Computer (specified in /etc/inittab)
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress, Template:Keypress, Template:Keypress, ... Switch to n-th virtual console
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Switch to previous virtual console
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Switch to next virtual console
Template:Keypress When Scroll Lock is activated, input/output is locked
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress/Template:Keypress Scrolls console buffer up/down
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Kills current task
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Inserts an EOF
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Pauses current Task

Readline

GNU readline is a commonly used library for line-editing, it is used for example by bash, ftp and many more (see Arch Package details under "Required By" for more examples). readline is also customizable (see manpage for details).

Keyboard Shortcut Description
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Clear the screen
Cursor Movement
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Move cursor one character to the left
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Move cursor one character to the right
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Move cursor one word to the left
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Move cursor one word to the right
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Move cursor to start of the line
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Move cursor to end of the line
Copy & Paste
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Cut everything from line start to cursor
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Cut everything from the cursor to end of the line
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Cut the current word after the cursor
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Cut the current word before the cursor
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Paste the previous cut text
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Paste the second latest cut text
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Paste the first argument of the previous command
Template:Keypress+Template:KeypressorTemplate:Keypress Paste the last argument of the previous command
History
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Move to the previous line
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Move to the next line
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Search
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Reverse search
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress End search
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Abort search (restores original line)
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Restores all changes made to line
Completion
Template:Keypress Auto-complete a name
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress List all possible completions
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Insert all possible completions

X11

Keyboard Shortcut Description
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress, Template:Keypress, Template:Keypress, ... Switch to n-th virtual console
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress/Template:Keypress Switch to higher/lower available resolutions
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Kills X-server (This may not work for recent updates.)
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress Toggles keyboard mouse; uses numpad, mouse click is done by Template:Keypress, use Template:Keypress, Template:Keypress, and Template:Keypressto switch the click to left, middle, and right click
Template:Keypress+Template:Keypress
Template:Keypress 		Copy selected text to clipboard, or paste from clipboard

xkeyboard-config disable keyboard mouse by default after the version 2.0.1.To enable it, changing the following line in /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/pc: 

key <NMLK> { [ Num_Lock ] };

back to as it was in version 2.0.1: 

key <NMLK> { [ Num_Lock, Pointer_EnableKeys ] };

Links


User Customization

Readline

This example adds keys that allow (in vi-mode) to search backward through the history for the string of characters between the start of the current line and the point. This is a non-incremental search. 

.inputrc
set editing-mode vi
set keymap vi-insert
"\C-r": history-search-backward
"\C-e": history-search-forward

X11

Modifying the Keyboard Layout

This example changes the CapsLock key to only activate caps lock when the Shift key is also pressed 

.xinitrc
xmodmap -e 'keycode  66 = NoSymbol Caps_Lock Caps_Lock'

The keycode of the CapsLock key can be found in the output of xmodmap -pk

Key Binding for X-Selection-Paste

Users who prefer to work rather with the keyboard than the mouse may benefit from a key binding to the paste operation of the middle mouse button. This is especially useful in a keyboard-centered environment. A workflow example is:

  1. In Firefox, select a string you want to google for (with the mouse).
  2. Hit Template:Keypress to enter the "Google search" field.
  3. Hit Template:Keypress to paste the buffer, instead of moving the mouse pointer to the field and center-click to paste.

The method suggested here uses three packages available in the official repositories:

  • xsel to give access to the x-selection-buffer content.
  • xbindkeys to bind a key-stroke to an action.
  • xvkbd to pass the buffer string to the application by emulating keyboard input.

This example binds the x-selection-paste operation to the Template:Keypress key: 

.xbindkeysrc
"xvkbd -no-jump-pointer -xsendevent -text "\D1`xsel`" 2>/dev/null"
    F12

The "\D1" code prefixes a 100 ms pause to inserting the selection buffer (see the xvkbd home page).

Note: Depending on your X configuration, you may need to drop the -xsendevent argument to xvkbd.

The key codes for keys other than Template:Keypress can be determined using xbindkeys -k.

See Also:

Firefox

Use the customizable-shortcuts add-on.

Tips

Retrieved from "https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Keyboard_shortcuts&oldid=237799"