LIRC

Overview

LIRC is a deamon that can translate key presses on a supported remote into program specific commands. In this context, the term, "program specific" means that a key press can do different things depending on which program is running and taking commands from LIRC.

The Central Dogma of LIRC

The list below attempts to show the flow of information from the remote to the program using LIRC:

• User hits a button on the remote causing it to transmit an IR or RF signal.
• The signal is received by the receiver connected to the Linux box.
• The kernel (via the correct module) uses /dev/lirc0 to characterize the pulse-length information from the receiver.
• /usr/bin/lircd uses the information from /etc/lirc/lircd.conf convert the pulse-lengths into button press information.
• Programs that use LIRC translate the button press info from /usr/bin/lircd into user-defined actions according to ~/.lircrc.

Summary of Required Files

• /etc/lirc/lircd.conf - System-level config translating scancodes --> keys. Is specific to each remote control/receiver on the system and can contain configure for multiple remotes and/or receivers if need be.
• ~/.lircrc - File containing an include statement pointing to each program's lirc map, i.e., ~/.lirc/foo, ~/.lirc/bar, etc.

Example:

~/.lircrc

include "~/.lirc/mplayer"
include "~/.lirc/mythtv"
include "~/.lirc/vlc"

• ~/.lirc/foo - User-level config translating of keys --> actions. Is specific to each remote and to application foo.

Installation

Install the lirc-utils package, which is available in the official repositories. The most of LIRC kernel drivers are already included in the mainline kernel. Install the lirc package only, if the hardware requires the lirc_wpc8769l module.

Setup

Some remotes are identified as "keyboards" and function as such without LIRC. This can be problematic for users using to use LIRC to manage them. Test if this is the case by opening a shell or a text editors, and by pressing buttons on the remote itself. If letters/numbers appear, or if the up/down arrow keys behave as the up/down arrow keys on the physical keyboard, a workaround to disable this is required. See, LIRC#Remote_functions_as_a_keyboard for a solution before continuing.

The LIRC Config File

Defining /etc/lirc/lircd.conf which is specific to each remote/IR receiver is the first step in setting up a remote.

Note: Common configs are provided by lirc-utils, like those bundled with TV cards that can be installed automatically. The primary source of config files is the LIRC homepage. Check the official list of supported hardware to know, which LIRC kernel modules and lircd driver required.

Use a Prebuild Config File

Identify which remote/IR receiver is to be used and see if /usr/share/lirc contains a pre-built config file for it. Once identified, create/edit /etc/lirc/lircd.conf to use an include statement that points to the selected one.

Example:

/etc/lirc/lircd.conf

 include "/usr/share/lirc/streamzap/lircd.conf.streamzap"

Create a Config File

Users with unsupported hardware will need to either find a config file someone else has create (i.e. google) or create one. Creating one is fairly straightforward using the included /usr/bin/irrecord program which guides users along the needed process. If using a detected remote, invoke it like so:

irrecord --device=/dev/lirc0 MyRemote

The program will ask users to begin hitting keys on the remote in an attempt to learn it. If all goes well, the user will be prompted to map out each key press to a specific scancode LIRC uses to identify that specific key press. The process should take no more than 10 minutes. When finished, save the resulting file to /etc/lirc/lircd.conf and proceed.

Note: Considering sending the finished config file to the email address mentioned by running the program so they can be made available to others.

Testing the Remote

Start the LIRC daemon:

# systemctl start lirc

Test the remote using /usr/bin/irw, which simply echos anything received by LIRC when users push buttons on the remote to stdout.

Example:

$ irw
000000037ff07bfe 00 One mceusb
000000037ff07bfd 00 Two mceusb
000000037ff07bfd 01 Two mceusb
000000037ff07bf2 00 Home mceusb
000000037ff07bf2 01 Home mceusb

Troubleshooting

Remote functions as a keyboard

Xorg detects some remotes, such as the Streamzap USB PC Remote, as a Human Interface Device (HID) which means some or all of the keys will show up as physical key presses like the physical keyboard. This behavior will present problems if LIRC is to be used to manage the device. To disable this, create the following file and restart X:

/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/90-streamzap.conf

Section "InputClass"
  Identifier "Ignore Streamzap IR"
  MatchProduct "Streamzap"
  MatchIsKeyboard "true"
  Option "Ignore" "true"
EndSection

(Temp placeholder for content to sort)

Setup a HID device with LIRC

Some remotes are supported in the kernel where they are treated as a keyboard and mouse. Every button on the device is recognized as keyboard or mouse events which can be used even without LIRC. LIRC can still be used with these devices to gain greater control over the events raised and integrate with programs that expect a LIRC remote rather than a keyboard. As drivers are migrated to the kernel, devices which use to only be useable through LIRC with their own lirc.conf files become standard HID devices.

Some HID remotes actually simulate a USB infrared keyboard and mouse. These remotes show up as two devices so you need to add two LIRC devices to lircd.conf.

First we need the /dev/input device for our remote:

 $ ls /sys/class/rc/rc0

One of the files should be input#, where the number matches the event# of the device. (To clarify you can check that directory, it will have an event# file.

Note: If you have more than one ir device then there may be multiple directories under /sys/class/rc. Under event# cat name to verify which device you are looking at.

then go to /dev/input/by-id

 $ ls -l /dev/input/by-id

You should find a file that symlinks to the input# above, and possibly others with a similar names for mouse events.

 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  9 10月 14 06:43 usb-3353_3713-event-if00 -> ../event9
 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 10月 14 06:43 usb-3353_3713-event-if01 -> ../event10

Here 'usb-3353_3713-event-if00' and 'usb-3353_3713-event-if01' are the Linux input device event for our HID device, one for the keyboard, another for the mouse.

Then, we need to edit /etc/conf.d/lircd.conf. This file contains the parameters for LIRC daemon

 #
 #Parameters for daemon
 #
 
 LIRC_DEVICE="/dev/input/by-id/usb-3353_3713-event-if00"
 LIRC_DRIVER="devinput"
 LIRC_EXTRAOPS=""
 LIRC_CONFIGFILE="/etc/lirc/lircd.conf"

Note: Here we set up a LIRC device with the id 3353_3713, you should replace it with your own device input event name, whatever it is.

The latest version of the config file for HID remotes exists in the LIRC git repository [1]. Simply save it as /etc/lirc/lircd.conf.

In order to launch the LIRC daemon for HID remote, You must enable evdev module first

# modprobe evdev

Note: LIRC 0.8.6 has changed the default socket location from /dev/lircd to /var/run/lirc/lircd, but many applications still look for the socket in the old location. Since lirc-utils 0.8.6-3 the /etc/rc.d/lircd script creates a symlink from /dev/lircd to the /var/run/lirc/lircd socket when it starts the lircd daemon and removes the link when the daemon is stopped.

Serial receivers that depend on lirc_serial

Make sure that your serial port is activated in the BIOS. There you can also set and lookup I/O address and IRQ settings of your ports.

Now there might be a problem: the module lirc_serial is build to use ttyS0 (COM1), if your device is not connected to ttyS0, you will have to either change the module-options or rebuild the LIRC module. If your device is connected to ttyS0, you can skip this step

To change the options for the lirc_serial module, you edit /etc/modprobe.d/modprobe.conf and add this line:

options lirc_serial io=0x2f8 irq=3

You should change the values after io and irq to reflect you serial port settings, the values above may work for you if you are using ttyS1 (COM2) to connect your IR-device. But you will find the correct values by checking dmesg:

$ dmesg | grep ttyS

Building the lirc_serial module for another ttySx

Update abs

# abs

Copy the LIRC files to a directory you choose yourself:

$ cp /var/abs/extra/system/lirc /some/dir

$ cd /some/dir

Edit the PKGBUILD in that directory.

Replace the line:

./configure --enable-sandboxed --prefix=/usr \
    --with-driver=all \\
    return 1[/code]

with:

./configure --enable-sandboxed --prefix=/usr \
    --with-driver=com2 \
    || return 1[/code]

Where you replace com2 with the com-port you need.

Build and install the package:

$ makepkg
# pacman -U lirc-version.pkg.tar.gz

Loading

Now try to load the serial module:

# modprobe lirc_serial

If this produces an error which says your serial port is not ready, you have the problem that your serial port support is build into the kernel and not as a module (in the default arch kernel it is build into the kernel)

If it is built into the kernel you will have to do the following (remember that it is built into the kernel, you will need to make some changes later too)

You will have to release the serial port:

# setserial /dev/ttySx uart none

(Replace x with your port number)

Load the module again:

# modprobe lirc_serial

Now it should not show any errors, and the modules lirc_serial should be listed in lsmod

Checking module based receivers

NOTE: This section only applies if your device requires a lirc_[driver] kernel module.

Before you start using lirc, you should check if your receiver is working, and if there is IR interference. Possible sources of interference include monitors/televisions (especially plasma displays), fluorescent lamps and direct or ambient sunlight. Start the following command to display raw receiver input.

# mode2 -d /dev/lirc0 

If you press buttons on any IR remote, you should see a series of pulses and spaces. If there is very frequent output without pressing buttons on your remote, your receiver suffers from interference. You want to avoid such interference, e.g. by placing the receiver behind or under your plasma tv.

If you can't make out where the interference is coming from, you can try to put a cardboard roll right in front of the receiving diode, so that it only gets light from a specific direction. Invoke mode2 as above. Then point at different locations till you receive IR noise.

Your serial port support is compiled as a module in the kernel

This is rather easy: you will just have to add lirc_serial to the modules list and lircd to the daemons list in /etc/rc.conf

Your serial port support is compiled into the kernel

This is more complicated, you cannot just add the lirc_serial to the modules list in /etc/rc.conf, as the serial port should be released first.

So I created a custom startup script to fix this problem.

/etc/rc.d/start_lirc

#!/bin/bash
#/etc/rc.d/start_lirc
#releases ttySx and loads lirc_serial module
 
. /etc/rc.conf
. /etc/rc.d/functions
 
case "$1" in
  start)
    stat_busy "release ttySx"
    setserial /dev/ttySx uart none
    #load lirc module
    modprobe lirc_serial
    stat_done
    ;;
  stop)
    stat_busy "unload lirc module"
    rmmod lirc_serial
    stat_done
    ;;
  restart)
    $0 stop
    $0 start
    ;;
  *)
    echo "usage: $0 {start|stop|restart}"
esac
exit 0

Now load the daemons: add "start_lirc" and "lircd" to the daemons list in /etc/rc.conf

X10

There is a dedicated wiki page with information about X10

Asus DH Deluxe series motherboard

Check the output of:

$ cat /dev/usb/hiddevX

where X is 0,1 or bigger, and press some buttons on remote. If you can see reply, device works fine, follow steps:

1. In file /etc/conf.d/lircd.conf add:

LIRC_DRIVER="dvico"

2. Reload LIRC:

/etc/rc.d/lircd restart

ASRock ION series (Nuvoton) quickstart

$ ln -s /usr/share/lirc/remotes/lirc_wb677/lircd.conf.wb677 /etc/lirc/lircd.conf
$ /etc/rc.d/lircd restart

Streamzap PC Remote (USB)

Note: Xorg now auto recognizes this remote as a keybaord!

To disable this behavior, add the following to /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/90-streamzap.conf:

Section "InputClass"
  Identifier "Ignore Streamzap IR"
  MatchProduct "Streamzap"
  MatchIsKeyboard "true"
  Option "Ignore" "true"
EndSection

1. Install both packages (lirc lirc-utils)
2. Modprobe both kernel mods (lirc_dev and streamzap). To have modules autoload at boot create the following file

/etc/modules-load.d/lirc_streamzap.conf

#modules for streamzap remote
lirc_dev
streamzap

1. Create your /etc/lirc/lircd.conf (for this remote, copy /usr/share/lirc/streamzap/lircd.conf.streamzap to /etc/lirc/lircd.conf)
2. Fix the broken lirc.service file:

/usr/lib/systemd/system/lirc.service

[Unit]
Description=Linux Infrared Remote Control
 
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/etc/lirc/lircd.conf
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/ln -sf /run/lirc/lircd /dev/lircd
ExecStart=/usr/bin/lircd --pidfile=/run/lirc/lircd.pid -d /dev/lirc0
Type=forking
PIDFile=/run/lirc/lircd.pid
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

You might have to play around with lircd and irw to find your remote. In the above example, it's /dev/lirc0.

Use lircd -d /dev/... to start lircd with a certain device. Run irw and test it out. When you find the right device, modify /usr/lib/systemd/system/lirc.service accordingly.

1. Start lircd via # systemctl start lirc to survive a reboot use # systemctl enable lirc
2. Test the remote/lirc with irw

$ irw
00000000000028cc 00 CH_UP Streamzap_PC_Remote
00000000000028ce 00 CH_DOWN Streamzap_PC_Remote
00000000000028c8 00 8 Streamzap_PC_Remote
00000000000028c5 00 5 Streamzap_PC_Remote
00000000000028d2 00 OK Streamzap_PC_Remote
00000000000028d1 00 LEFT Streamzap_PC_Remote
00000000000028d1 01 LEFT Streamzap_PC_Remote
00000000000028d1 00 LEFT Streamzap_PC_Remote
00000000000028d3 00 RIGHT Streamzap_PC_Remote
00000000000028d3 00 RIGHT Streamzap_PC_Remote
00000000000028d3 00 RIGHT Streamzap_PC_Remote
00000000000028d3 00 RIGHT Streamzap_PC_Remote
00000000000028d4 00 DOWN Streamzap_PC_Remote
00000000000028d4 00 DOWN Streamzap_PC_Remote
00000000000028d4 00 DOWN Streamzap_PC_Remote

Note: When the batteries in this remote are low, it may stop working even though the red LED on the received still flashes when you hit buttons!

Serial Port "Home Brew" IR Receiver

Here's how to get a "Home Brew" serial port IR receiver working:

1. Create a udev rule to give non-privleged users read/write access to the serial port. I will be using ttyS0 in my example.

/etc/udev/rules.d/z98-serial.rules

# For serial port ttyS0 and LIRC
KERNEL=="ttyS0",SUBSYSTEM=="tty",DRIVERS=="serial",MODE="0666"

2. Create the needed modprobe configs

/etc/modules-load.d/lirc_serial.conf

lirc_serial

/etc/modprobe.d/lirc_serial.conf

install lirc_serial /usr/bin/setserial /dev/ttyS0 uart none && /sbin/modprobe --first-time --ignore-install lirc_serial
options lirc_serial type=0
remove lirc_serial /sbin/modprobe -r --first-time --ignore-remove lirc_serial && /sbin/modprobe -r lirc_dev

Note: Using udev rules to run the setserial command does not work in my experience because lirc_serial gets loaded before the serial port rules are applied.

3. Install your systemd service file.

/etc/systemd/system/lirc.service

[Unit]
Description=Linux Infrared Remote Control
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
PIDFile=/run/lirc/lircd.pid
ExecStartPre=/bin/rm -f /dev/lirc /dev/lircd /var/run/lirc/lircd
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/lircd -n -r -P /run/lirc/lircd.pid -d /dev/lirc0 -o /run/lirc/lircd
ExecStartPost=/usr/bin/ln -sf /run/lirc/lircd /dev/lircd
ExecStartPost=/usr/bin/ln -sf /dev/lirc0 /dev/lirc
ExecReload=/bin/kill -SIGHUP $MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

4. We still need the default tmpfiles to be created, so copy that config file to /etc/tmpfiles.d/lirc.conf.

# cp -a /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/lirc.conf /etc/tmpfiles.d/lirc.conf

5. Create a .lircrc file in your home directory for your user or a /etc/lirc/lircrc file for system wide use.

6. Have your service start at boot and then test with a reboot

# systemctl enable lirc.service
# systemctl reboot

or load the module and start the lirc.service.

# modprobe lirc_serial
# systemctl start lirc.service

Receivers that do not depend on a kernel module

Usually, you only need to specify your the device where the receiver is plugged in and the lirc driver. This is an example for pinnacle or miro serial receivers):

 LIRC_DEVICE="/dev/ttySX"
 LIRC_DRIVER="pinsys"

Then, start lircd daemon and create the remote/s configuration (/etc/lirc/lircd.conf), either by copying one of the configured defaults that comes with lirc-utils or by using irrecord. Even if you find your remote in the list of preconfigured remotes it might not work so you will have to use irrecord anyway.

After this you can use irw to check the remote, create your ~/.lircrc to assign remote buttons to actions and start irexec if you need to run arbitrary commands.