Difference between revisions of "MAC address spoofing"
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=== Systemd unit === | === Systemd unit === |
Revision as of 11:41, 21 October 2013
zh-CN:MAC Address Spoofing This article gives several methods to spoof a Media Access Control (MAC) address.
enp1s0
. Use ip link
to check your actual device name, and adjust the examples as necessaryContents
Manually
There are two methods for spoofing a MAC address using either iproute2 (installed by default) or macchanger (available on the official repositories).
Both of them are outlined below.
Method 1: iproute2
First, you can check your current MAC address with the command:
# ip link show enp1s0
The section that interests us at the moment is the one that has "link/ether" followed by a 6-byte number. It will probably look something like this:
link/ether 00:1d:98:5a:d1:3a
The first step to spoofing the MAC address is to bring the network interface down. You must be logged in as root to do this. It can be accomplished with the command:
# ip link set dev enp1s0 down
Next, we actually spoof our MAC. Any hexadecimal value will do, but some networks may be configured to refuse to assign IP addresses to a client whose MAC does not match up with a vendor. Therefore, unless you control the network(s) you are connecting to, it is a good idea to test this out with a known good MAC rather than randomizing it right away.
To change the MAC, we need to run the command:
# ip link set dev enp1s0 address XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
Where any 6-byte value will suffice for 'XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX'.
The final step is to bring the network interface back up. This can be accomplished by running the command:
# ip link set dev enp1s0 up
If you want to verify that your MAC has been spoofed, simply run ip link show enp1s0
again and check the value for 'link/ether'. If it worked, 'link/ether' should be whatever address you decided to change it to.
Method 2: macchanger
Another method uses macchanger (a.k.a., the GNU MAC Changer). It provides a variety of features such as changing the address to match a certain vendor or completely randomizing it.
Install the package macchanger from the official repositories.
After this, the MAC can be spoofed with a random address. The syntax is macchanger -r <device>
.
Here is an example command for spoofing the MAC address of a device named enp1s0.
# macchanger -r enp1s0
To randomize all of the address except for the vendor bytes (that is, so that if the MAC address was checked it would still register as being from the same vendor), you would run the command:
# macchanger -e enp1s0
To change the MAC address to a specific value, you would run:
# macchanger --mac=XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX enp1s0
Where XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
is the MAC you wish to change to.
Finally, to return the MAC address to its original, permanent hardware value:
# macchanger -p enp1s0
Automatically
Systemd unit
This example uses #Method 1: iproute2.
/etc/systemd/system/macspoof@.service
[Unit] Description=MAC address change %I Before=dhcpcd@%i.service [Service] Type=oneshot ExecStart=/usr/bin/ip link set dev %i address 36:aa:88:c8:75:3a ExecStart=/usr/bin/ip link set dev %i up [Install] WantedBy=network.target
You may have to edit this file if you do not use dhcpcd.
Systemd unit using random address
This example uses #Method 2: macchanger, so make sure that macchanger is installed.
/etc/systemd/system/macchanger@.service
[Unit] Description=Macchanger service for %I Documentation=man:macchanger(1) [Service] ExecStart=/usr/bin/macchanger -e %I Type=oneshot [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
See also
- Macchanger project page
- Article on DebianAdmin with more macchanger options