MATE

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zh-CN:MATE

From MATE homepage:

The MATE Desktop Environment is a fork of GNOME 2. It provides an intuitive and attractive desktop environment using traditional metaphors for Linux and other Unix-like operating systems. MATE is under active development to add support for new technologies while preserving a traditional desktop experience.

Installation

MATE is available in the official repositories and can be installed with one of the following:

  • The mate-panel package provides a minimal desktop shell.
  • The mate group contains the core desktop environment required for the standard MATE experience.
  • The mate-extra group contains additional utilities and applications that integrate well with the MATE desktop. Installing just the mate-extra group will not pull in the whole mate group via dependencies. If you want to install all MATE packages then you will need to explicitly install both groups.
  • The mate-netbook package provides a MATE panel applet that might be useful to owners of small screen devices, such as a Netbook. The applet will automatically maximize all windows and provides an application switcher applet. It is not part of the mate or mate-extra groups but can be installed separately if desired.

Starting

MATE can be started via a display manager or manually.

Graphical log-in

Just select MATE from the Sessions list of your favorite Display Manager. The MATE team recommends LightDM as the display manager with the GTK+ (2) greeter, which can be installed with the lightdm-gtk2-greeter package.

Manually

If you prefer to start MATE manually from the console, add the following line to your ~/.xinitrc file: 

~/.xinitrc
exec mate-session

Then MATE can be launched by typing startx.

See xinitrc for details, such as preserving the logind session.

GNOME 2 Applications

MATE is largely composed of GNOME 2 applications and utilities, forked and renamed to avoid conflicting with GNOME 3. Below is a list of common GNOME applications which have been renamed in MATE.

  • Alacarte is renamed Mozo.
  • Nautilus is renamed Caja.
  • Metacity is renamed Marco.
  • Gedit is renamed Pluma.
  • Eye of GNOME is renamed Eye of MATE.
  • Evince is renamed Atril.
  • File Roller is renamed Engrampa.
  • GNOME Terminal is renamed MATE Terminal.

Other applications and core components prefixed with GNOME (such as GNOME Panel, GNOME Menus etc) have had the prefix changed to MATE so they become MATE Panel, MATE Menus etc.

Network Management

It is recommended that you use Network Manager for managing networks in MATE. Please see the wiki page for more details on installing and configuring it.

Tips & Tricks

Upgrading from 1.4 to 1.6

MATE 1.6 migrated from gconf to gsettings. If you are updating from an MATE 1.4 you might end up with an empty panel. To resolve the issue reset the panel configuration to its defaults using 

# mate-panel --reset

Then use... 

# mate-conf-import

to restore most of your old settings. After upgrading from MATE 1.4 to MATE 1.6 you should remove the some of the old MATE 1.4 libraries that are not required by MATE 1.6, this can also improve the start-up time of MATE. 

# pacman -R ffmpegthumbnailer-caja libmate libmatecanvas libmatecomponent libmatecomponentui libmatenotify libmateui mate-conf mate-conf-editor mate-corba mate-mime-data mate-vfs python-corba python-mate python-mate-desktop

You can also use: 

# pacman -R $(pacman -Qtdq)

to remove any orphaned packages. Packages which are not orphaned are probably still required.

Note: The command to remove orphaned packages will need to be executed multiple times to ensure that all packages are cleaned up.
Warning: When removing the deprecated libraries take care to not remove other important packages as well.

Bluetooth applet

The MATE bluetooth applet currently requires Bluez4 which has been deprecated. If you need a bluetooth applet in MATE you will have to install mate-bluetoothAUR and bluez4AUR from the AUR. If you want to enable Personal File Sharing over Bluetooth you will also need to install mate-user-share-bluez4AUR because the packaged version of mate-user-shareAUR has had the bluetooth component removed.

Show or hide desktop icons

By default, MATE shows multiple icons on the desktop: The content of your desktop directory, computer, home and network directories, the trash and mounted drives. You can show or hide them individually or all at once using dconf.

Hide individual icons

$ dconf write /org/mate/caja/desktop/computer-icon-visible false

$ dconf write /org/mate/caja/desktop/home-icon-visible false

$ dconf write /org/mate/caja/desktop/network-icon-visible false

$ dconf write /org/mate/caja/desktop/trash-icon-visible false

$ dconf write /org/mate/caja/desktop/volumes-visible false

Replace "false" with "true" for the icons to reappear.

Hide all desktop icons

$ dconf write /org/mate/desktop/background/show-desktop-icons false

Use a different window manager with MATE

The default window manager in MATE is called marco, a fork of the GNOME 2 window manager metacity. You can replace marco with another window manager via a number of different methods:

  • The easiest way to change the window manager is to autostart it using mate-session-properties. Open the System menu, navigate to the Preferences menu and click on Startup Applications. In the dialog click Add. Enter a name and comment in the name and comment sections and in the command section add a command of the following syntax: "name of window manager" "--replace"

For example: for openbox you would use the command openbox --replace.

Log out and log in again and marco should be replaced by the window manager of your choice. To revert to marco simply delete the entry you created in Startup Applications.

  • Alternatively you can specify the desired window manager in dconf:
$ dconf write /org/mate/desktop/session/required-components/windowmanager "'mywindowmanager'"

replace "mywindowmanager" with the name of the window manager of your choice e.g. openbox or metacity.

  • Killing MATE's window manager (marco) and starting your prefered one (this method is not recommended!)

Edit your .xinitrc as follow: 

exec mate-session
killall marco
exec mywindowmanager

and replace "mywindowmanager" with the name of the window manager of your choice.

Note: This method is relevant only for those who start the MATE session using the startx command. Users of display managers will need to use one of the previous two methods.

Change window decoration button order

You can change the button using dconf. The key is in org.mate.marco.general.button-layout. Use the graphical dconf-editor or the dconf command line tool to change it: 

$ dconf write /org/mate/marco/general/button-layout "'close,maximize,minimize:'"

and put menu, close, minimize and maximize in your desired order, separated by commas. The colon is the window title (it is necessary for the changes to apply).

Change window placement of new windows

By default, new windows are placed in the top-left corner. To center new windows on creation, edit the org.mate.marco.general.center-new-windows key: 

$ dconf write /org/mate/marco/general/center-new-windows true

Lock screen & default background image

You can change the background of the lock screen by creating the following file: 

/usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/mate-background.gschema.override
[org.mate.background]
picture-filename='/path/to/the/background.jpg'

Then, re-compile the schemas: 

# glib-compile-schemas /usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/

Finally, restart your X session for the change to effect.

Styling Qt applications

To make Qt4 applications inherit the MATE theme, do the following: 

* Navigate to System -> Preferences -> Qt4 Config or execute qtconfig-qt4 from a shell.
* Change GUI Style to GTK+.
* File --> Save.

See Uniform Look for Qt and GTK Applications for more details.

Consistent cursor theme

To ensure a consistent cursor theme edit ~/.icons/default/index.theme to include: 

[Icon Theme]
Inherits=mate

See also

Retrieved from "https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=MATE&oldid=293722"