Difference between revisions of "Pacman/Rosetta"

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(OpenSUSE: Added orphan removal command)
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[[Category:Package management]]
 
[[Category:Package management]]
 
[[es:Pacman Rosetta]]
 
[[es:Pacman Rosetta]]
 +
[[ja:Pacman Rosetta]]
 
[[sr:Pacman Rosetta]]
 
[[sr:Pacman Rosetta]]
 
[[zh-CN:Pacman Rosetta]]
 
[[zh-CN:Pacman Rosetta]]
Line 7: Line 8:
 
Users from other Linux distributions can benefit from pacman by using a simple wrapper: [https://github.com/icy/pacapt pacapt]. The script could also be intended for Arch users having to temporarily deal with another distribution.
 
Users from other Linux distributions can benefit from pacman by using a simple wrapper: [https://github.com/icy/pacapt pacapt]. The script could also be intended for Arch users having to temporarily deal with another distribution.
  
 +
[https://github.com/icy/pacapt pacapt] is a pacman shell script implementation for other linux distribution.
 +
 +
{{Note|
 +
* Some of the tools described here are specific to a certain version of pacman. The -Qk option is new in pacman 4.1.
 +
* The command {{ic|pkgfile}} can be found in the {{Pkg|pkgfile}} package.
 +
}}
 
{|
 
{|
 
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''<font color="#707070">Action</font>'''
 
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''<font color="#707070">Action</font>'''
Line 12: Line 19:
 
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Red Hat/Fedora'''
 
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Red Hat/Fedora'''
 
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Debian/Ubuntu'''
 
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Debian/Ubuntu'''
−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Old SUSE'''
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''SUSE/openSUSE'''
−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''openSUSE'''
 
 
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Gentoo'''
 
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Gentoo'''
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Install a package(s) by name ||pacman -S||yum install ||apt-get install||rug install||zypper install  zypper in|| emerge [-a]
+
| Install a package(s) by name ||pacman -S||yum install ||apt-get install||zypper install  zypper in|| emerge [-a]
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Remove a package(s) by name ||pacman -R||yum remove/erase ||apt-get remove||rug remove/erase||zypper remove  zypper rm ||emerge -C
+
| Remove a package(s) by name ||pacman -Rc||yum remove/erase ||apt-get remove||zypper remove  zypper rm ||emerge -C
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Search for package(s) by searching the expression in name, description, short description. What exact fields are being searched by default varies in each tool. Mostly options bring tools on par. ||pacman -Ss||yum search ||apt-cache search||rug search||zypper search  zypper se [-s]||emerge -S  
+
| Search for package(s) by searching the expression in name, description, short description. What exact fields are being searched by default varies in each tool. Mostly options bring tools on par. ||pacman -Ss||yum search ||apt-cache search||zypper search  zypper se [-s]||emerge -S  
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Upgrade Packages - Install packages which have an older version already installed ||pacman -Syu||yum update ||apt-get upgrade||rug update||zypper update  zypper up||emerge -u world
+
| Upgrade Packages - Install packages which have an older version already installed ||pacman -Syu||yum update ||apt-get upgrade||zypper update  zypper up||emerge -u world
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Upgrade Packages - Another form of the update command, which can perform more complex updates -- like distribution upgrades. When the usual update command will omit package updates, which include changes in dependencies, this command can perform those updates. ||pacman -Syu||yum distro-sync ||apt-get dist-upgrade||||zypper dup||emerge -uDN world
+
| Upgrade Packages - Another form of the update command, which can perform more complex updates -- like distribution upgrades. When the usual update command will omit package updates, which include changes in dependencies, this command can perform those updates. ||pacman -Syu||yum distro-sync ||apt-get dist-upgrade||zypper dup||emerge -uDN world
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Reinstall given Package - Will reinstall the given package without dependency hassle. ||pacman -S||yum reinstall||apt-get install --reinstall||||zypper install --force||emerge [-a]
+
| Reinstall given Package - Will reinstall the given package without dependency hassle. ||pacman -S||yum reinstall||apt-get install --reinstall||zypper install --force||emerge [-a]
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Installs local package file, e.g. app.rpm and uses the installation sources to resolve dependencies ||pacman -U||yum localinstall ||dpkg -i && apt-get install -f||||zypper in /path/to/local.rpm||emerge
+
| Installs local package file, e.g. app.rpm and uses the installation sources to resolve dependencies ||pacman -U||yum localinstall ||dpkg -i && apt-get install -f||zypper in /path/to/local.rpm||emerge
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Updates package(s) with local packages and uses the installation sources to resolve dependencies ||pacman -U||yum localupdate ||||||n/a||emerge||
+
| Updates package(s) with local packages and uses the installation sources to resolve dependencies ||pacman -U||yum localupdate ||n/a||emerge||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Use some magic to fix broken dependencies in a system || pacman dep level - testdb, shared lib level - findbrokenpkgs or lddd||package-cleanup --problems||apt-get --fix-broken||rug* solvedeps || zypper verify ||revdep-rebuild
+
| Use some magic to fix broken dependencies in a system || pacman dep level - testdb, shared lib level - findbrokenpkgs or lddd||package-cleanup --problems||apt-get --fix-broken / aptitude install||zypper verify ||revdep-rebuild
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Only downloads the given package(s) without unpacking or installing them ||pacman -Sw||yumdownloader (found in yum-utils package)||apt-get --download-only|||| zypper --download-only ||emerge --fetchonly  
+
| Only downloads the given package(s) without unpacking or installing them ||pacman -Sw||yumdownloader (found in yum-utils package)||apt-get --download-only / aptitude download|| zypper --download-only ||emerge --fetchonly  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Remove dependencies that are no longer needed, because e.g. the package which needed the dependencies was removed. ||<nowiki>pacman -Qdtq | pacman -Rs -</nowiki>||package-cleanup  --leaves||apt-get autoremove ||||n/a||emerge --depclean  
+
| Remove dependencies that are no longer needed, because e.g. the package which needed the dependencies was removed. ||<nowiki>pacman -Qdtq | pacman -Rs -</nowiki>||yum autoremove||apt-get autoremove ||zypper rm -u||emerge --depclean  
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Downloads the corresponding source package(s) to the given package name(s) || Use [[ABS]] && makepkg -o ||yumdownloader --source||apt-get source ||||zypper source-install||emerge --fetchonly
+
| Downloads the corresponding source package(s) to the given package name(s) || Use [[ABS]] && makepkg -o ||yumdownloader --source||apt-get source / debcheckout||zypper source-install||emerge --fetchonly
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Remove packages no longer included in any repositories. ||||package-cleanup  --orphans||||||||
+
| Remove packages no longer included in any repositories. ||||package-cleanup  --orphans||||||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Install/Remove packages to satisfy build-dependencies. Uses information in the source package. ||automatic||yum-builddep||apt-get build-dep ||||zypper si -d||emerge -o  
+
| Install/Remove packages to satisfy build-dependencies. Uses information in the source package. ||automatic||yum-builddep||apt-get build-dep ||zypper si -d||emerge -o  
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Add a package lock rule to keep its current state from being changed ||${EDITOR} /etc/pacman.conf<br/>modify IgnorePkg array||yum.conf <--”exclude” option (add/amend)||<nowiki>echo "$PKGNAME hold" | dpkg --set-selections</nowiki> ||rug* lock-add  ||Put package name in /etc/zypp/locks||/etc/portage/package.mask
+
| Add a package lock rule to keep its current state from being changed ||${EDITOR} /etc/pacman.conf<br/>modify IgnorePkg array||yum.conf <--”exclude” option (add/amend)||<nowiki>echo "$PKGNAME hold" | dpkg --set-selections</nowiki>||Put package name in /etc/zypp/locks||/etc/portage/package.mask
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Delete a package lock rule ||remove package from IgnorePkg line in /etc/pacman.conf||yum.conf <--”exclude” option (remove/amend)||<nowiki>echo "$PKGNAME install" | dpkg --set-selections</nowiki> ||rug* lock-delete||Remove package name from /etc/zypp/locks||/etc/portage/package.mask (or package.unmask)  
+
| Delete a package lock rule ||remove package from IgnorePkg line in /etc/pacman.conf||yum.conf <--”exclude” option (remove/amend)||<nowiki>echo "$PKGNAME install" | dpkg --set-selections</nowiki> ||Remove package name from /etc/zypp/locks||/etc/portage/package.mask (or package.unmask)  
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Show a listing of all lock rules ||cat /etc/pacman.conf||yum.conf (research needed)||/etc/apt/preferences ||rug* lock-list||View /etc/zypp/locks||cat /etc/portage/package.mask
+
| Show a listing of all lock rules ||cat /etc/pacman.conf||yum.conf (research needed)||/etc/apt/preferences ||View /etc/zypp/locks||cat /etc/portage/package.mask
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Add a checkpoint to the package system for later rollback ||||(unnecessary, done on every transaction)||||rug* checkpoint-add ||n/a ||
+
| Add a checkpoint to the package system for later rollback ||||(unnecessary, done on every transaction)||||n/a ||
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Remove a checkpoint from the system ||N/A||N/A||||rug* checkpoint-remove ||n/a ||
+
| Remove a checkpoint from the system ||N/A||N/A||||n/a ||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Provide a list of all system checkpoints ||N/A||yum history list||||rug* checkpoints ||n/a ||
+
| Provide a list of all system checkpoints ||N/A||yum history list||||n/a ||
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Rolls entire packages back to a certain date or checkpoint. ||N/A||yum history rollback||||rug* rollback ||n/a ||
+
| Rolls entire packages back to a certain date or checkpoint. ||N/A||yum history rollback||||n/a ||
 
|-
 
|-
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| Undo a single specified transaction. ||N/A||yum history undo|||| ||n/a ||
+
| Undo a single specified transaction. ||N/A||yum history undo||||n/a||||
 +
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 +
| Mark a package previously installed as a dependency as explicitly required. ||pacman -D --asexplicit||||aptitude unmarkauto||||emerge --select
 +
|-
 +
| Install package(s) as dependency / without marking as explicitly required. ||pacman -S --asdeps||||||||emerge -1
 +
| ||||||||||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| ||||||||||||
+
| ||||||||||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| ||||||||||||
+
| '''''Package information management''''' ||||||||||
−
|-
 
−
| '''''Package information management''''' ||||||||||||
 
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Get a dump of the whole system information - Prints, Saves or similar the current state of the package management system. Preferred output is text or XML. One version of rug dumps information as a sqlite database. (Note: Why either-or here? No tool offers the option to choose the output format.) ||(see /var/lib/pacman/local)||(see /var/lib/rpm/Packages)||apt-cache stats||rug dump||n/a ||emerge --info
+
| Get a dump of the whole system information - Prints, Saves or similar the current state of the package management system. Preferred output is text or XML. (Note: Why either-or here? No tool offers the option to choose the output format.) ||(see /var/lib/pacman/local)||(see /var/lib/rpm/Packages)||apt-cache stats||n/a ||emerge --info
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Show all or most information about a package. The tools' verbosity for the default command vary. But with options, the tools are on par with each other. ||pacman -[S<nowiki>|</nowiki>Q]i ||yum list or info ||apt-cache showpkg  apt-cache show||rug info||zypper info      zypper if||emerge -S; emerge -pv; eix
+
| Show all or most information about a package. The tools' verbosity for the default command vary. But with options, the tools are on par with each other. ||pacman -[S<nowiki>|</nowiki>Q]i ||yum list or info ||apt-cache show / apt-cache policy||zypper info      zypper if||emerge -S; emerge -pv; eix
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Search for package(s) by searching the expression in name, description, short description. What exact fields are being searched by default varies in each tool. Mostly options bring tools on par. ||pacman -Ss ||yum search ||apt-cache search||rug search||zypper search  zypper se [-s]||emerge -S  
+
| Search for package(s) by searching the expression in name, description, short description. What exact fields are being searched by default varies in each tool. Mostly options bring tools on par. ||pacman -Ss ||yum search ||apt-cache search||zypper search  zypper se [-s]||emerge -S  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Lists packages which have an update available. Note: Some provide special commands to limit the output to certain installation sources, others use options. ||pacman -Qu ||yum list updates  yum check-update ||apt-get upgrade -> n||rug list-updates rug summary||zypper list-updates  zypper patch-check (just for patches) ||emerge -uDNp world
+
| Lists packages which have an update available. Note: Some provide special commands to limit the output to certain installation sources, others use options. ||pacman -Qu ||yum list updates  yum check-update ||apt-get upgrade -> n||zypper list-updates  zypper patch-check (just for patches) ||emerge -uDNp world
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Display a list of all packages in all installation sources that are handled by the packages management. Some tools provide options or additional commands to limit the output to a specific installation source. ||pacman -Sl ||yum list available||apt-cache dumpavail  apt-cache dump (Cache only)  apt-cache pkgnames||rug packages||zypper packages ||emerge -ep world
+
| Display a list of all packages in all installation sources that are handled by the packages management. Some tools provide options or additional commands to limit the output to a specific installation source. ||pacman -Sl ||yum list available||apt-cache dumpavail  apt-cache dump (Cache only)  apt-cache pkgnames||zypper packages ||emerge -ep world
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Displays packages which provide the given exp. aka reverse provides. Mainly a shortcut to search a specific field. Other tools might offer this functionality through the search command. ||pkgfile <filename>||yum whatprovides  yum provides ||apt-file search <filename>||rug what-provides||zypper what-provides&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; zypper wp|| equery belongs (only installed packages); pfl
+
| Displays packages which provide the given exp. aka reverse provides. Mainly a shortcut to search a specific field. Other tools might offer this functionality through the search command. ||pkgfile <filename>||yum whatprovides  yum provides ||apt-file search <filename>||zypper what-provides zypper wp|| equery belongs (only installed packages); pfl
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Display packages which require X to be installed, aka show reverse/ dependencies. rug's what-requires can operate on more than just package names. ||pacman -Qi||yum resolvedep ||apt-cache rdepends||rug what-requires||IN PROGRESS || equery depends
+
| Display packages which require X to be installed, aka show reverse/ dependencies.||pacman -Sii||yum resolvedep ||apt-cache rdepends / aptitude search ~Dpattern||IN PROGRESS || equery depends
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Display packages which conflict with given expression (often package). Search can be used as well to mimic this function. rug's what-conflicts function operates on more than just package names ||(none)||repoquery --whatconflicts||||rug info-conflicts  rug what-conflicts||IN PROGRESS ||
+
| Display packages which conflict with given expression (often package). Search can be used as well to mimic this function.||(none)||repoquery --whatconflicts||aptitude search '~Cpattern'||IN PROGRESS ||
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| List all packages which are required for the given package, aka show dependencies. ||pacman -[S<nowiki>|</nowiki>Q]i||yum deplist ||apt-cache depends||rug info-requirements||IN PROGRESS || emerge -ep
+
| List all packages which are required for the given package, aka show dependencies. ||pacman -[S<nowiki>|</nowiki>Q]i||yum deplist ||apt-cache depends / apt-cache show||IN PROGRESS || emerge -ep
 
|-
 
|-
−
| List what the current package provides ||||yum provides ||||rug info-provides||IN PROGRESS||equery files
+
| List what the current package provides ||||yum provides ||||IN PROGRESS||equery files
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| List the files that the package holds. Again, this functionality can be mimicked by other more complex commands. ||pacman -Ql $pkgname <br/>pkgfile -l ||yum provides ||apt-file list||rug* file-list||IN PROGRESS ||equery files
+
| List the files that the package holds. Again, this functionality can be mimicked by other more complex commands. ||pacman -Ql $pkgname <br/>pkgfile -l ||repoquery -l $pkgname ||dpkg -L / apt-file list||IN PROGRESS ||equery files
 
|-
 
|-
−
| List all packages that require a particular package ||||repoquery --whatrequires [--recursive]||||||||equery depends -a
+
| List all packages that require a particular package ||||repoquery --whatrequires [--recursive]||||||equery depends -a
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Search all packages to find the one which holds the specified file. auto-apt is using this functionality. ||pkgfile -s||yum provides  yum whatprovides ||apt-file search||rug* package-file  rug what-provides||IN PROGRESS ||equery belongs
+
| Search all packages to find the one which holds the specified file. auto-apt is using this functionality. ||pkgfile -s||yum provides  yum whatprovides ||apt-file search||IN PROGRESS ||equery belongs
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Display all packages that the specified packages obsoletes. ||||yum list obsoletes  ||apt-cache / grep||rug info-obsoletes||IN PROGRESS||  
+
| Display all packages that the specified packages obsoletes. ||||yum list obsoletes  ||apt-cache show||IN PROGRESS||  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Verify dependencies of the complete system. Used if installation process was forcefully killed. ||testdb||yum deplist ||apt-get check ?  apt-cache unmet||rug verify  rug* dangling-requires||n/a || emerge -uDN world
+
| Verify dependencies of the complete system. Used if installation process was forcefully killed. ||testdb||yum deplist ||apt-get check||n/a || emerge -uDN world
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Generates a list of installed packages || pacman -Q || yum list installed || dpkg --get-selections |||| zypper  ||emerge -ep world
+
| Generates a list of installed packages || pacman -Q || yum list installed || dpkg --get-selections || zypper  ||emerge -ep world
 
|-
 
|-
−
| List packages that are installed but are not available in any installation source (anymore). ||pacman -Qm||yum list extras || || |||zypper se -si | grep 'System Packages'||eix-test-obsolete
+
| List packages that are installed but are not available in any installation source (anymore). ||pacman -Qm||yum list extras || deborphan || |zypper se -si | grep 'System Packages'||eix-test-obsolete
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| List packages that were recently added to one of the installation sources, i.e. which are new to it. Note: Synaptic has this functionality, however apt doesn't seem to be the provider. ||(none)||yum list recent ||||||n/a||eix-diff
+
| List packages that were recently added to one of the installation sources, i.e. which are new to it. ||(none)||yum list recent ||aptitude search '~N' / aptitude forget-new||n/a||eix-diff
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Show a log of actions taken by the software management. ||cat /var/log/pacman.log ||yum history  cat /var/log/yum.log||cat /var/log/dpkg.log||rug history || cat /var/log/zypp/history || located in /var/log/portage
+
| Show a log of actions taken by the software management. ||cat /var/log/pacman.log ||yum history  cat /var/log/yum.log||cat /var/log/dpkg.log||cat /var/log/zypp/history || located in /var/log/portage
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Clean up all local caches. Options might limit what is actually cleaned. Autoclean removes only unneeded, obsolete information. ||pacman -Sc<br/>pacman -Scc  ||yum clean ||apt-get clean apt-get autoclean|||| zypper clean || eclean distfiles
+
| Clean up all local caches. Options might limit what is actually cleaned. Autoclean removes only unneeded, obsolete information. ||pacman -Sc<br/>pacman -Scc  ||yum clean ||apt-get clean / apt-get autoclean / aptitude clean|| zypper clean || eclean distfiles
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Add a local package to the local package cache mostly for debugging purposes. ||cp $pkgname /var/cache/pacman/pkg/||||apt-cache add ||||n/a || cp $srcfile /usr/portage/distfiles
+
| Add a local package to the local package cache mostly for debugging purposes. ||cp $pkgname /var/cache/pacman/pkg/||||apt-cache add ||n/a || cp $srcfile /usr/portage/distfiles
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Display the source package to the given package name(s) ||||repoquery -s||apt-cache showsrc ||||n/a||
+
| Display the source package to the given package name(s) ||||repoquery -s||apt-cache showsrc ||n/a||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Generates an output suitable for processing with dotty for the given package(s). ||||||apt-cache dotty ||||n/a ||
+
| Generates an output suitable for processing with dotty for the given package(s). ||||||apt-cache dotty ||n/a ||
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Set the priority of the given package to avoid upgrade, force downgrade or to overwrite any default behavior. Can also be used to prefer a package version from a certain installation source. ||${EDITOR} /etc/pacman.conf<br/>Modify HoldPkg and/or IgnorePkg arrays||yum-plugin-priorities and yum-plugin-protect-packages||/etc/apt/preferences smart priority –set|||| zypper mr -p || ${EDITOR} /etc/portage/package.keywords<br/>Add a line with =category/package-version
+
| Set the priority of the given package to avoid upgrade, force downgrade or to overwrite any default behavior. Can also be used to prefer a package version from a certain installation source. ||${EDITOR} /etc/pacman.conf<br/>Modify HoldPkg and/or IgnorePkg arrays||yum-plugin-priorities and yum-plugin-protect-packages||/etc/apt/preferences, apt-cache policy|| zypper mr -p || ${EDITOR} /etc/portage/package.keywords<br/>Add a line with =category/package-version
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Remove a previously set priority ||||||/etc/apt/preferences smart priority --remove ||||zypper mr -p || ${EDITOR} /etc/portage/package.keywords<br/>remove offending line
+
| Remove a previously set priority ||||||/etc/apt/preferences ||zypper mr -p || ${EDITOR} /etc/portage/package.keywords<br/>remove offending line
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Show a list of set priorities. ||||||apt-cache policy  /etc/apt/preferences smart priority --show ||||n/a || cat /etc/portage/package.keywords
+
| Show a list of set priorities. ||||||apt-cache policy  /etc/apt/preferences ||n/a || cat /etc/portage/package.keywords
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Ignores problems that priorities may trigger. ||||||||||n/a ||
+
| Ignores problems that priorities may trigger. ||||||||n/a ||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| ||||||||||||
+
| ||||||||||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| ||||||||||||
+
| ||||||||||
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Installation sources management ||${EDITOR} /etc/pacman.conf||${EDITOR} /etc/yum.repos.d/${REPO}.repo||${EDITOR} /etc/apt/sources.list|| || ||layman
+
| Installation sources management ||${EDITOR} /etc/pacman.conf||${EDITOR} /etc/yum.repos.d/${REPO}.repo||${EDITOR} /etc/apt/sources.list|| ||layman
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Add an installation source to the system. Some tools provide additional commands for certain sources, others allow all types of source URI for the add command. Again others, like apt and yum force editing a sources list. apt-cdrom is a special command, which offers special options design for CDs/DVDs as source. ||${EDITOR} /etc/pacman.conf||${EDITOR} /etc/yum.repos.d/${REPO}.repo||apt-cdrom add||rug service-add  rug mount /local/dir||zypper service-add ||layman, overlays
+
| Add an installation source to the system. Some tools provide additional commands for certain sources, others allow all types of source URI for the add command. Again others, like apt and yum force editing a sources list. apt-cdrom is a special command, which offers special options design for CDs/DVDs as source. ||${EDITOR} /etc/pacman.conf||${EDITOR} /etc/yum.repos.d/${REPO}.repo||apt-cdrom add||zypper service-add ||layman, overlays
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Refresh the information about the specified installation source(s) or all installation sources. ||pacman -Sy ||yum clean expire-cache && yum check-update ||apt-get update||rug refresh||zypper refresh  zypper ref||layman -f
+
| Refresh the information about the specified installation source(s) or all installation sources. ||pacman -Sy ||yum clean expire-cache && yum check-update ||apt-get update||zypper refresh  zypper ref||layman -f
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Prints a list of all installation sources including important information like URI, alias etc. ||cat /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist||cat /etc/yum.repos.d/*||||rug service-list||zypper service-list ||layman -l
+
| Prints a list of all installation sources including important information like URI, alias etc. ||cat /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist||cat /etc/yum.repos.d/*||||zypper service-list ||layman -l
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Disable an installation source for an operation ||||yum --disablerepo=${REPO} ||||||||emerge package::repo-to-use
+
| Disable an installation source for an operation ||||yum --disablerepo=${REPO}||||||emerge package::repo-to-use
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| Download packages from a different version of the distribution than the one installed. ||||yum --releasever=${VERSION} ||||||||echo "category/package ~amd64" >> /etc/portage/package.keywords && emerge package
+
| Download packages from a different version of the distribution than the one installed. ||||yum --releasever=${VERSION} ||apt-get install -t release package/ apt-get install package/release (deps not covered)||||echo "category/package ~amd64" >> /etc/portage/package.keywords && emerge package
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| '''''Other commands''''' ||||||||||||
+
| '''''Other commands''''' ||||||||||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Start a shell to enter multiple commands in one session ||||yum shell ||apt-config shell||||zypper shell ||
+
| Start a shell to enter multiple commands in one session ||||yum shell ||apt-config shell||zypper shell ||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| ||||||||||||
+
| ||||||||||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| ||||||||||||
+
| ||||||||||
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| '''''Package Verification'''''||||||||||||
+
| '''''Package Verification'''''||||||||||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Single package||||rpm -V <package>||debsums||rpm -V <package>||rpm -V <package>||equery check
+
| Single package||pacman -Qk[k] <package>||rpm -V <package>||debsums||rpm -V <package>||equery check
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| All packages||||rpm -Va||debsums||rpm -Va||rpm -Va||equery check
+
| All packages||pacman -Qk[k]||rpm -Va||debsums||rpm -Va||equery check
 
|-
 
|-
−
| ||||||||||||
+
| ||||||||||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| ||||||||||||
+
| ||||||||||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| '''''Package Querying'''''||||||||||||
+
| '''''Package Querying'''''||||||||||
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| List installed local packages along with version||pacman -Q||rpm -qa||dpkg-query -l||||||emerge -e world
+
| List installed local packages along with version||pacman -Q||rpm -qa||dpkg -l||||emerge -e world
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Display local package information: Name, version, description, etc.||pacman -Qi ||rpm -qi ||dpkg-query -p||||||emerge -pv and emerge -S
+
| Display local package information: Name, version, description, etc.||pacman -Qi ||rpm -qi ||dpkg -s||||emerge -pv and emerge -S
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Display remote package information: Name, version, description, etc.||pacman -Si ||yum info ||apt-cache show||||||emerge -pv and emerge -S
+
| Display remote package information: Name, version, description, etc.||pacman -Si ||yum info ||apt-cache show / aptitude show||||emerge -pv and emerge -S
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| Display files provided by local package||pacman -Ql ||rpm -ql||dpkg-query -L||||||equery files
+
| Display files provided by local package||pacman -Ql ||rpm -ql||dpkg -L||||equery files
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Display files provided by a remote package||||repoquery -l||||||||pfl
+
| Display files provided by a remote package||pkgfile -l||repoquery -l||||||pfl
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| Query the package which provides FILE ||pacman -Qo ||rpm -qf (installed only) or yum whatprovides (everything) ||dpkg-query -S||||||equery belongs
+
| Query the package which provides FILE ||pacman -Qo ||rpm -qf (installed only) or yum whatprovides (everything) ||dpkg -S/dlocate||||equery belongs
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Query a package supplied on the command line rather than an entry in the package management database||pacman -Qp||rpm -qp||dpkg-deb -I||||||
+
| Query a package supplied on the command line rather than an entry in the package management database||pacman -Qp||rpm -qp||dpkg -I||||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Show the changelog of a package||pacman -Qc||rpm -q --changelog|||||||||equery changes -f
+
| Show the changelog of a package||pacman -Qc||rpm -q --changelog||apt-get changelog|||||equery changes -f
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Search within installed packages||pacman -Qs||<nowiki>rpm -qa | grep foo</nowiki>|||||||||eix -I
+
| Search locally installed package for names or descriptions ||pacman -Qs|| ||aptitude search <nowiki>'~i(~nexpr|~dexpr)'</nowiki>|||||eix -S -I
 
|-
 
|-
−
| ||||||||||||
+
| ||||||||||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| ||||||||||||
+
| ||||||||||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| '''''Building Packages'''''||||||||||||
+
| '''''Building Packages'''''||||||||||
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Build a package||makepkg -s||rpmbuild -ba (normal) mock (in chroot)||dpkg-buildpkg||rpmbuild -ba ||rpmbuild -ba ||ebuild; quickpkg
+
| Build a package||makepkg -s||rpmbuild -ba (normal) mock (in chroot)||debuild||rpmbuild -ba ||ebuild; quickpkg
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Check for possible packaging issues||||rpmlint ||lintian||||||repoman
+
| Check for possible packaging issues||||rpmlint ||lintian||||repoman
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| List the contents of a package file|| ||rpmls rpm -qpl||||rpm -qpl||rpm -qpl||
+
| List the contents of a package file||pacman -Qpl <file>||rpmls rpm -qpl||dpkg -L||rpm -qpl||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Extract a package ||tar -Jxvf||<nowiki>rpm2cpio | cpio -vid</nowiki>||<nowiki>ar vx | tar -zxvf data.tar.gz</nowiki>||<nowiki>rpm2cpio | cpio -vid</nowiki>||<nowiki>rpm2cpio | cpio -vid</nowiki>||tar -jxvf
+
| Extract a package ||tar -Jxvf||<nowiki>rpm2cpio | cpio -vid</nowiki>||<nowiki>ar vx | tar -zxvf data.tar.gz</nowiki>||<nowiki>rpm2cpio | cpio -vid</nowiki>||tar -jxvf
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
 
|- style="background:#e4e4e4"
−
| Query a package supplied on the command line rather than an entry in the package management database||pacman -Qp||rpm -qp||dpkg-deb -I||||||
+
| Query a package supplied on the command line rather than an entry in the package management database||pacman -Qp||rpm -qp||dpkg -I||||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Action'''
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''<font color="#707070">Action</font>'''
−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''arch'''
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Arch'''
−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''redhat/fedora'''
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Red Hat/Fedora'''
−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''debian/ubuntu'''
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Debian/Ubuntu'''
−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''old suse'''
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''SUSE/openSUSE'''
−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''opensuse'''
+
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Gentoo'''
−
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''gentoo'''
 
 
|}
 
|}

Revision as of 11:07, 20 December 2013

zh-CN:Pacman Rosetta This page pulls heavily from openSUSE's Software Management Command Line Comparison. It has been simplified and has added Arch to the comparison, as well as modified the order in which each distribution exists for the benefit of Arch users.

Users from other Linux distributions can benefit from pacman by using a simple wrapper: pacapt. The script could also be intended for Arch users having to temporarily deal with another distribution.

pacapt is a pacman shell script implementation for other linux distribution.

Note:
  • Some of the tools described here are specific to a certain version of pacman. The -Qk option is new in pacman 4.1.
  • The command pkgfile can be found in the pkgfile package.
Action Arch Red Hat/Fedora Debian/Ubuntu SUSE/openSUSE Gentoo
Install a package(s) by name pacman -S yum install apt-get install zypper install zypper in emerge [-a]
Remove a package(s) by name pacman -Rc yum remove/erase apt-get remove zypper remove zypper rm emerge -C
Search for package(s) by searching the expression in name, description, short description. What exact fields are being searched by default varies in each tool. Mostly options bring tools on par. pacman -Ss yum search apt-cache search zypper search zypper se [-s] emerge -S
Upgrade Packages - Install packages which have an older version already installed pacman -Syu yum update apt-get upgrade zypper update zypper up emerge -u world
Upgrade Packages - Another form of the update command, which can perform more complex updates -- like distribution upgrades. When the usual update command will omit package updates, which include changes in dependencies, this command can perform those updates. pacman -Syu yum distro-sync apt-get dist-upgrade zypper dup emerge -uDN world
Reinstall given Package - Will reinstall the given package without dependency hassle. pacman -S yum reinstall apt-get install --reinstall zypper install --force emerge [-a]
Installs local package file, e.g. app.rpm and uses the installation sources to resolve dependencies pacman -U yum localinstall dpkg -i && apt-get install -f zypper in /path/to/local.rpm emerge
Updates package(s) with local packages and uses the installation sources to resolve dependencies pacman -U yum localupdate n/a emerge
Use some magic to fix broken dependencies in a system pacman dep level - testdb, shared lib level - findbrokenpkgs or lddd package-cleanup --problems apt-get --fix-broken / aptitude install zypper verify revdep-rebuild
Only downloads the given package(s) without unpacking or installing them pacman -Sw yumdownloader (found in yum-utils package) apt-get --download-only / aptitude download zypper --download-only emerge --fetchonly
Remove dependencies that are no longer needed, because e.g. the package which needed the dependencies was removed. pacman -Qdtq | pacman -Rs - yum autoremove apt-get autoremove zypper rm -u emerge --depclean
Downloads the corresponding source package(s) to the given package name(s) Use ABS && makepkg -o yumdownloader --source apt-get source / debcheckout zypper source-install emerge --fetchonly
Remove packages no longer included in any repositories. package-cleanup --orphans
Install/Remove packages to satisfy build-dependencies. Uses information in the source package. automatic yum-builddep apt-get build-dep zypper si -d emerge -o
Add a package lock rule to keep its current state from being changed ${EDITOR} /etc/pacman.conf
modify IgnorePkg array		 yum.conf <--”exclude” option (add/amend) echo "$PKGNAME hold" | dpkg --set-selections Put package name in /etc/zypp/locks /etc/portage/package.mask
Delete a package lock rule remove package from IgnorePkg line in /etc/pacman.conf yum.conf <--”exclude” option (remove/amend) echo "$PKGNAME install" | dpkg --set-selections Remove package name from /etc/zypp/locks /etc/portage/package.mask (or package.unmask)
Show a listing of all lock rules cat /etc/pacman.conf yum.conf (research needed) /etc/apt/preferences View /etc/zypp/locks cat /etc/portage/package.mask
Add a checkpoint to the package system for later rollback (unnecessary, done on every transaction) n/a
Remove a checkpoint from the system N/A N/A n/a
Provide a list of all system checkpoints N/A yum history list n/a
Rolls entire packages back to a certain date or checkpoint. N/A yum history rollback n/a
Undo a single specified transaction. N/A yum history undo n/a
Mark a package previously installed as a dependency as explicitly required. pacman -D --asexplicit aptitude unmarkauto emerge --select
Install package(s) as dependency / without marking as explicitly required. pacman -S --asdeps emerge -1
Package information management
Get a dump of the whole system information - Prints, Saves or similar the current state of the package management system. Preferred output is text or XML. (Note: Why either-or here? No tool offers the option to choose the output format.) (see /var/lib/pacman/local) (see /var/lib/rpm/Packages) apt-cache stats n/a emerge --info
Show all or most information about a package. The tools' verbosity for the default command vary. But with options, the tools are on par with each other. pacman -[S|Q]i yum list or info apt-cache show / apt-cache policy zypper info zypper if emerge -S; emerge -pv; eix
Search for package(s) by searching the expression in name, description, short description. What exact fields are being searched by default varies in each tool. Mostly options bring tools on par. pacman -Ss yum search apt-cache search zypper search zypper se [-s] emerge -S
Lists packages which have an update available. Note: Some provide special commands to limit the output to certain installation sources, others use options. pacman -Qu yum list updates yum check-update apt-get upgrade -> n zypper list-updates zypper patch-check (just for patches) emerge -uDNp world
Display a list of all packages in all installation sources that are handled by the packages management. Some tools provide options or additional commands to limit the output to a specific installation source. pacman -Sl yum list available apt-cache dumpavail apt-cache dump (Cache only) apt-cache pkgnames zypper packages emerge -ep world
Displays packages which provide the given exp. aka reverse provides. Mainly a shortcut to search a specific field. Other tools might offer this functionality through the search command. pkgfile <filename> yum whatprovides yum provides apt-file search <filename> zypper what-provides zypper wp equery belongs (only installed packages); pfl
Display packages which require X to be installed, aka show reverse/ dependencies. pacman -Sii yum resolvedep apt-cache rdepends / aptitude search ~Dpattern IN PROGRESS equery depends
Display packages which conflict with given expression (often package). Search can be used as well to mimic this function. (none) repoquery --whatconflicts aptitude search '~Cpattern' IN PROGRESS
List all packages which are required for the given package, aka show dependencies. pacman -[S|Q]i yum deplist apt-cache depends / apt-cache show IN PROGRESS emerge -ep
List what the current package provides yum provides IN PROGRESS equery files
List the files that the package holds. Again, this functionality can be mimicked by other more complex commands. pacman -Ql $pkgname
pkgfile -l 		repoquery -l $pkgname dpkg -L / apt-file list IN PROGRESS equery files
List all packages that require a particular package repoquery --whatrequires [--recursive] equery depends -a
Search all packages to find the one which holds the specified file. auto-apt is using this functionality. pkgfile -s yum provides yum whatprovides apt-file search IN PROGRESS equery belongs
Display all packages that the specified packages obsoletes. yum list obsoletes apt-cache show IN PROGRESS
Verify dependencies of the complete system. Used if installation process was forcefully killed. testdb yum deplist apt-get check n/a emerge -uDN world
Generates a list of installed packages pacman -Q yum list installed dpkg --get-selections zypper emerge -ep world
List packages that are installed but are not available in any installation source (anymore). pacman -Qm yum list extras deborphan zypper se -si | grep 'System Packages' eix-test-obsolete
List packages that were recently added to one of the installation sources, i.e. which are new to it. (none) yum list recent aptitude search '~N' / aptitude forget-new n/a eix-diff
Show a log of actions taken by the software management. cat /var/log/pacman.log yum history cat /var/log/yum.log cat /var/log/dpkg.log cat /var/log/zypp/history located in /var/log/portage
Clean up all local caches. Options might limit what is actually cleaned. Autoclean removes only unneeded, obsolete information. pacman -Sc
pacman -Scc 		yum clean apt-get clean / apt-get autoclean / aptitude clean zypper clean eclean distfiles
Add a local package to the local package cache mostly for debugging purposes. cp $pkgname /var/cache/pacman/pkg/ apt-cache add n/a cp $srcfile /usr/portage/distfiles
Display the source package to the given package name(s) repoquery -s apt-cache showsrc n/a
Generates an output suitable for processing with dotty for the given package(s). apt-cache dotty n/a
Set the priority of the given package to avoid upgrade, force downgrade or to overwrite any default behavior. Can also be used to prefer a package version from a certain installation source. ${EDITOR} /etc/pacman.conf
Modify HoldPkg and/or IgnorePkg arrays		 yum-plugin-priorities and yum-plugin-protect-packages /etc/apt/preferences, apt-cache policy zypper mr -p ${EDITOR} /etc/portage/package.keywords
Add a line with =category/package-version
Remove a previously set priority /etc/apt/preferences zypper mr -p ${EDITOR} /etc/portage/package.keywords
remove offending line
Show a list of set priorities. apt-cache policy /etc/apt/preferences n/a cat /etc/portage/package.keywords
Ignores problems that priorities may trigger. n/a
Installation sources management ${EDITOR} /etc/pacman.conf ${EDITOR} /etc/yum.repos.d/${REPO}.repo ${EDITOR} /etc/apt/sources.list layman
Add an installation source to the system. Some tools provide additional commands for certain sources, others allow all types of source URI for the add command. Again others, like apt and yum force editing a sources list. apt-cdrom is a special command, which offers special options design for CDs/DVDs as source. ${EDITOR} /etc/pacman.conf ${EDITOR} /etc/yum.repos.d/${REPO}.repo apt-cdrom add zypper service-add layman, overlays
Refresh the information about the specified installation source(s) or all installation sources. pacman -Sy yum clean expire-cache && yum check-update apt-get update zypper refresh zypper ref layman -f
Prints a list of all installation sources including important information like URI, alias etc. cat /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist cat /etc/yum.repos.d/* zypper service-list layman -l
Disable an installation source for an operation yum --disablerepo=${REPO} emerge package::repo-to-use
Download packages from a different version of the distribution than the one installed. yum --releasever=${VERSION} apt-get install -t release package/ apt-get install package/release (deps not covered) echo "category/package ~amd64" >> /etc/portage/package.keywords && emerge package
Other commands
Start a shell to enter multiple commands in one session yum shell apt-config shell zypper shell
Package Verification
Single package pacman -Qk[k] <package> rpm -V <package> debsums rpm -V <package> equery check
All packages pacman -Qk[k] rpm -Va debsums rpm -Va equery check
Package Querying
List installed local packages along with version pacman -Q rpm -qa dpkg -l emerge -e world
Display local package information: Name, version, description, etc. pacman -Qi rpm -qi dpkg -s emerge -pv and emerge -S
Display remote package information: Name, version, description, etc. pacman -Si yum info apt-cache show / aptitude show emerge -pv and emerge -S
Display files provided by local package pacman -Ql rpm -ql dpkg -L equery files
Display files provided by a remote package pkgfile -l repoquery -l pfl
Query the package which provides FILE pacman -Qo rpm -qf (installed only) or yum whatprovides (everything) dpkg -S/dlocate equery belongs
Query a package supplied on the command line rather than an entry in the package management database pacman -Qp rpm -qp dpkg -I
Show the changelog of a package pacman -Qc rpm -q --changelog apt-get changelog equery changes -f
Search locally installed package for names or descriptions pacman -Qs aptitude search '~i(~nexpr|~dexpr)' eix -S -I
Building Packages
Build a package makepkg -s rpmbuild -ba (normal) mock (in chroot) debuild rpmbuild -ba ebuild; quickpkg
Check for possible packaging issues rpmlint lintian repoman
List the contents of a package file pacman -Qpl <file> rpmls rpm -qpl dpkg -L rpm -qpl
Extract a package tar -Jxvf rpm2cpio | cpio -vid ar vx | tar -zxvf data.tar.gz rpm2cpio | cpio -vid tar -jxvf
Query a package supplied on the command line rather than an entry in the package management database pacman -Qp rpm -qp dpkg -I
Action Arch Red Hat/Fedora Debian/Ubuntu SUSE/openSUSE Gentoo
Retrieved from "https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Pacman/Rosetta&oldid=289585"