Difference between revisions of "Samsung N140"
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− | [[Category:Samsung | + | [[Category:Samsung]] |
− | + | {{out of date}} | |
This article provides information about installing and setting up Arch Linux on the Samsung N140. It is also relevant for the Samsung N130 which is identical except for the omission of Bluetooth and stereo speakers (and possibly a different battery capacity). There are versions of the N130 which include a 3G cellular modem, available from Vodafone and China Mobile. The [[Samsung NC10]] is similar but not identical to the N140, so you may or may not find useful information on that page. | This article provides information about installing and setting up Arch Linux on the Samsung N140. It is also relevant for the Samsung N130 which is identical except for the omission of Bluetooth and stereo speakers (and possibly a different battery capacity). There are versions of the N130 which include a 3G cellular modem, available from Vodafone and China Mobile. The [[Samsung NC10]] is similar but not identical to the N140, so you may or may not find useful information on that page. | ||
− | = | + | === BIOS issues === |
− | == | + | ==== No backlight setting via ACPI ==== |
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− | + | A workaround is to use {{ic|setpci}} as shown below. | |
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− | A workaround is to use | ||
Alternatively there is a kernel patch (unrelated to the SATA freeze problem) available which changes the backlight brightness using SMI instead of poking PCI config space. It provides a kernel module called "samsung-laptop". Interestingly we see from a version of this patch which is included in OpenSUSE 11.1 that a special (as yet unreleased?) BIOS for the N130 can be informed that the OS is Linux. The effect of this hasn't been published. Suggestion: run the samsung-laptop module with its debug parameter set to 1 to check whether it does anything at all. | Alternatively there is a kernel patch (unrelated to the SATA freeze problem) available which changes the backlight brightness using SMI instead of poking PCI config space. It provides a kernel module called "samsung-laptop". Interestingly we see from a version of this patch which is included in OpenSUSE 11.1 that a special (as yet unreleased?) BIOS for the N130 can be informed that the OS is Linux. The effect of this hasn't been published. Suggestion: run the samsung-laptop module with its debug parameter set to 1 to check whether it does anything at all. | ||
− | ===No key releases for some Fn keys=== | + | ==== No key releases for some Fn keys ==== |
Some of the Fn keys give key press events but no key releases. This problem was also seen on the NC10 and NC20. A workaround is given below. For kernels 2.6.32 and later this can be done from userspace. | Some of the Fn keys give key press events but no key releases. This problem was also seen on the NC10 and NC20. A workaround is given below. For kernels 2.6.32 and later this can be done from userspace. | ||
− | == | + | == Installation == |
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Do the standard Arch installation procedure from the ARCH CD ISO using an external USB CDROM drive. Alternatively boot the Arch installer from a USB flash drive. | Do the standard Arch installation procedure from the ARCH CD ISO using an external USB CDROM drive. Alternatively boot the Arch installer from a USB flash drive. | ||
+ | The standard Arch kernel is recommended. | ||
− | + | A number of users have used a custom kernel for the following reasons: | |
− | + | * to boot with a minimal kernel containing just the required modules and without an initial ramdisk | |
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− | * to boot with a minimal kernel containing just the required modules and without an initial ramdisk | ||
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− | + | === Custom kernel without initrd === | |
− | In this kernel most drivers are compiled in and there is no initial ramdisk. The drivers for cpu frequency scaling (acpi-cpufreq), wifi (ath9k, rtl8192e) and webcam (uvcvideo) are compiled as modules (i.e. '''not''' compiled in) so they can be inserted or removed from the kernel to enable or disable those features. | + | An AUR package {{AUR|linux-n130}} is available. In this kernel most drivers are compiled in and there is no initial ramdisk. The drivers for cpu frequency scaling (acpi-cpufreq), wifi (ath9k, rtl8192e) and webcam (uvcvideo) are compiled as modules (i.e. '''not''' compiled in) so they can be inserted or removed from the kernel to enable or disable those features. Modules files in {{ic|/etc/modules.d}} can be used to enable or disable loading at boot. |
Prepare the directory | Prepare the directory | ||
$ mkdir ~/builds | $ mkdir ~/builds | ||
− | $ mkdir ~/builds/ | + | $ mkdir ~/builds/linux-n130 |
− | $ cd ~/builds/ | + | $ cd ~/builds/linux-n130 |
Get the AUR package and untar it | Get the AUR package and untar it | ||
− | $ wget | + | $ wget https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/li/linux-n130/linux-n130.tar.gz |
− | $ tar zxvf | + | $ tar zxvf linux-n130.tar.gz |
− | $ cd | + | $ cd linux-n130 |
− | At this point you can edit the PKGBUILD file if you need to | + | At this point you can edit the PKGBUILD file if you need to change the name or version number, change options or add additional patches. |
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− | + | Check the PKGBUILD. Don't experiment with the CK patchset at this point: | |
− | + | _USE_CK_PATCHSET=0 | |
Compile it (this will take some time...): | Compile it (this will take some time...): | ||
$ makepkg -s | $ makepkg -s | ||
− | Install the | + | [[pacman|Install]] the kernel from the new .pkg.tar.xz file. |
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− | Then | + | Then insert a new item in your boot loader configuration file to boot the new kernel "linux-N130". Note that no initrd line is necessary for this kernel. |
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− | For [[ | + | For [[GRUB]] edit {{ic|/boot/grub/grub.cfg}}. The syntax looks like this (sda1 = your root partition; sda2 = your swap partition): |
− | + | menuentry "Arch Linux N130" { | |
− | menuentry "Arch Linux N130" { | + | set root=(hd0,1) |
− | + | linux /boot/vmlinuz-N130 root=/dev/sda1 resume=/dev/sda2 ro quiet | |
− | + | } | |
− | } | ||
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− | {{ | + | For [[GRUB Legacy]] edit {{ic|/boot/grub/menu.lst}}. The syntax looks like this: |
− | + | # (3) Arch Linux N130 | |
− | + | title Arch Linux Custom N130 Kernel | |
− | + | root (hd0,YOURROOT-1) | |
− | + | kernel /boot/vmlinuz-N130 root=/dev/sdaYOURROOT resume=/dev/sdaYOURSWAP ro quiet | |
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− | + | Reboot. If you have problems the standard Arch kernel is still installed and selectable from the GRUB menu. | |
+ | {{Note|The linux-n130 has the i915 module compiled in with KMS enabled by default. There is no need to set up KMS as described below unless you wish to disable it.}} | ||
− | + | == Configure your installation == | |
− | = | + | === Ethernet === |
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− | == | ||
RTL8101e/8102e fast ethernet. Works out of the box. | RTL8101e/8102e fast ethernet. Works out of the box. | ||
− | ==Wifi== | + | === Wifi === |
The supplied wifi device is either an Atheros AR9285 (PCI ID = 168c:002b) (European markets) or a Realtek RTL8192E (US and UK markets). | The supplied wifi device is either an Atheros AR9285 (PCI ID = 168c:002b) (European markets) or a Realtek RTL8192E (US and UK markets). | ||
− | ===Atheros AR9285=== | + | ==== Atheros AR9285 ==== |
+ | |||
02:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Atheros Communications Inc. AR9285 Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) [168c:002b] (rev 01) | 02:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Atheros Communications Inc. AR9285 Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) [168c:002b] (rev 01) | ||
− | The kernel module for this device is "ath9k" | + | The kernel module for this device is "ath9k". Kernels 2.6.32 release candidates and later seem to work fine. |
− | + | ==== Realtek RTL8192E ==== | |
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− | + | ===== Open source driver ===== | |
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− | + | The native Linux driver for this wireless device is still in preparation, but it is available as a kernel module "rtl8192e" in "staging" -- i.e. in preparation for inclusion in the kernel and available to try out, but likely to still have some problems. It has been reported as working [https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=86454&p=6]. {{Pkg|linux-firmware}} package is required. See | |
− | + | http://lkml.org/lkml/2009/12/15/410. | |
− | The native Linux driver for this wireless device is still in preparation, but it is available as a kernel module "rtl8192e" in "staging" -- i.e. in preparation for inclusion in the kernel and available to try out, but likely to still have some problems. It has been reported as working [ | ||
− | http://lkml.org/lkml/2009/12/15/410 | ||
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− | + | On rebooting, the kernel messages (visible with "dmesg") should now indicate that rtl819xE finds the firmware for loading into the device. | |
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− | + | Note: [[wicd]] may cause excessive dropped connections with this driver, while [[NetworkManager]] appears to work better. | |
− | [ | ||
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− | + | ===== Ndiswrapper ===== | |
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It has been reported as working with [[Wireless_Setup#ndiswrapper|ndiswrapper]] which makes use of the closed source Windows driver under Linux. | It has been reported as working with [[Wireless_Setup#ndiswrapper|ndiswrapper]] which makes use of the closed source Windows driver under Linux. | ||
− | ==Cellular 3G Modem== | + | === Cellular 3G Modem === |
''Specifications required'' | ''Specifications required'' | ||
− | ==Graphics Adapter== | + | === Graphics Adapter === |
The video controller is an Intel chipset that works with the xf86-video-intel driver. | The video controller is an Intel chipset that works with the xf86-video-intel driver. | ||
Line 252: | Line 105: | ||
00:02.1 Display controller [0380]: Intel Corporation Mobile 945GM/GMS/GME, 943/940GML Express Integrated Graphics Controller [8086:27a6] (rev 03) | 00:02.1 Display controller [0380]: Intel Corporation Mobile 945GM/GMS/GME, 943/940GML Express Integrated Graphics Controller [8086:27a6] (rev 03) | ||
− | ===Kernel Mode Setting=== | + | ==== Kernel Mode Setting ==== |
See also [[Intel#KMS_.28Kernel_Mode_Setting.29]]. | See also [[Intel#KMS_.28Kernel_Mode_Setting.29]]. | ||
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from suspend-to-RAM or suspend-to-disk. | from suspend-to-RAM or suspend-to-disk. | ||
− | {{Note|If you encounter screen flickering or blackouts with KMS enabled, try setting '''i915.powersave=0''' as a kernel boot option | + | {{Note| |
− | + | * If you encounter screen flickering or blackouts with KMS enabled, try setting '''i915.powersave=0''' as a kernel boot option | |
− | + | * Since version 2.10.0 of {{ic|xf86-video-intel}}, support for UMS has been removed from the intel driver. This means that KMS is a requirement now | |
+ | }} | ||
− | ====Method A==== | + | ===== Method A ===== |
− | If you are using a kernel with no inital ramdisk and you can simply add the required options to the GRUB kernel line: | + | If you are using a kernel with no inital ramdisk and you can simply add the required options to the GRUB kernel line: |
− | # ( | + | # (3) Arch Linux N130 |
title Arch Linux Custom N130 Kernel | title Arch Linux Custom N130 Kernel | ||
root (hd0,YOURROOT-1) | root (hd0,YOURROOT-1) | ||
kernel /boot/vmlinuz26-N130 root=/dev/sdaYOURROOT resume=/dev/sdaYOURSWAP ro quiet '''i915.powersave=0 i915.modeset=1''' | kernel /boot/vmlinuz26-N130 root=/dev/sdaYOURROOT resume=/dev/sdaYOURSWAP ro quiet '''i915.powersave=0 i915.modeset=1''' | ||
− | ====Method B==== | + | ===== Method B ===== |
If you are using an initial ramdisk (either the standard kernel or the custom kernel method B above) then do the following: | If you are using an initial ramdisk (either the standard kernel or the custom kernel method B above) then do the following: | ||
− | Edit {{ | + | Edit {{ic|/etc/modprobe.d/modprobe.conf}}: |
− | + | options i915 powersave=0 | |
− | + | options i915 modeset=1 | |
− | Edit {{ | + | Edit {{ic|/etc/mkinitcpio.conf}}: |
− | + | MODULES="intel_agp i915" | |
− | + | FILES="/etc/modprobe.d/modprobe.conf" | |
− | Put keymap early in {{ | + | Put keymap early in {{ic|/etc/mkinitcpio.conf}} HOOKS. |
Regenerate the init ramdisk for the kernel(s) you are running: | Regenerate the init ramdisk for the kernel(s) you are running: | ||
− | + | $ mkinitcpio -p linux | |
− | + | or | |
− | + | $ mkinitcpio -p linux-n140 | |
− | Remove any vga= or video= from grub {{ | + | Remove any vga= or video= from grub {{ic|/boot/grub/menu.lst}} kernel line, and reboot. |
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− | + | ==== Backlight Brightness ==== | |
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xbacklight does not work currently. | xbacklight does not work currently. | ||
However the brightness can be set with the following command | However the brightness can be set with the following command | ||
Line 313: | Line 161: | ||
Obtain sudo permission for user to use those commands with visudo. | Obtain sudo permission for user to use those commands with visudo. | ||
− | + | #!/bin/bash | |
− | + | # increase/decrease/set/get the backlight brightness (range 0-255) by 16 | |
− | + | # | |
− | + | #get current brightness in hex and convert to decimal | |
− | + | var1=$(setpci -s 00:02.1 F4.B) | |
− | + | var1d=$((0x$var1)) | |
− | + | case "$1" in | |
− | + | up) | |
− | + | #calculate new brightness | |
− | + | var2=$(echo "ibase=10; obase=16; a=($var1d+16);if (a<255) print a else print 255" | bc) | |
− | + | echo "$0: increasing brightness from 0x$var1 to 0x$var2" | |
− | + | setpci -s 00:02.1 F4.B=$var2 | |
− | + | ;; | |
− | + | down) | |
− | + | #calculate new brightness | |
− | + | var2=$(echo "ibase=10; obase=16; a=($var1d-16);if (a>15) print a else print 15" | bc) | |
− | + | echo "$0: decreasing brightness from 0x$var1 to 0x$var2" | |
− | + | setpci -s 00:02.1 F4.B=$var2 | |
− | + | ;; | |
− | + | set) | |
− | + | #n.b. this does allow "set 0" i.e. backlight off | |
− | + | echo "$0: setting brightness to 0x$2" | |
− | + | setpci -s 00:02.1 F4.B=$2 | |
− | + | ;; | |
− | + | get) | |
− | + | echo "$0: current brightness is 0x$var1" | |
− | + | ;; | |
− | + | toggle) | |
− | + | if [ $var1d -eq 0 ] ; then | |
− | + | echo "toggling up" | |
− | + | setpci -s 00:02.1 F4.B=FF | |
− | + | else | |
− | + | echo "toggling down" | |
− | + | setpci -s 00:02.1 F4.B=0 | |
− | + | fi | |
− | + | ;; | |
− | + | *) | |
− | + | echo "usage: $0 {up|down|set <val>|get|toggle}" | |
− | + | ;; | |
− | + | esac | |
− | + | exit 0 | |
− | ===External VGA=== | + | ==== External VGA ==== |
External VGA works out of the box with xrandr / krandrtray. Tested at 1920x1080 resolution. | External VGA works out of the box with xrandr / krandrtray. Tested at 1920x1080 resolution. | ||
− | ==Audio== | + | === Audio === |
The audio device is an Intel HD. | The audio device is an Intel HD. | ||
00:1b.0 Audio device [0403]: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) High Definition Audio Controller [8086:27d8] (rev 02) | 00:1b.0 Audio device [0403]: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) High Definition Audio Controller [8086:27d8] (rev 02) | ||
− | ==Suspend and | + | === Suspend and hibernate === |
− | Suspend to RAM with pm-suspend works. | + | Suspend to RAM with {{ic|pm-suspend}} works. |
It is most useful to trigger suspends using [[acpid]]. | It is most useful to trigger suspends using [[acpid]]. | ||
− | To catch the "sleep" function key, edit {{ | + | To catch the "sleep" function key, edit {{ic|/etc/acpi/handler.sh}} so that the button/sleep) event calls /usr/sbin/pm-suspend (instead of "echo mem > /sys/power/state" which may leave wifi down after resume): |
− | + | ||
− | + | button/sleep) | |
− | + | case "$2" in | |
− | + | SLPB) logger "Sleep button pressed, suspending to RAM" | |
− | + | /usr/sbin/pm-suspend | |
− | + | ;; | |
− | + | *) logger "ACPI action undefined: $2" | |
− | + | ;; | |
− | + | esac | |
− | + | ;; | |
− | + | ||
When catching the lid closure, the button/lid event will be seen twice -- once on suspend | When catching the lid closure, the button/lid event will be seen twice -- once on suspend | ||
and again on resume. So use the lid state to distinguish between these so that pm-suspend | and again on resume. So use the lid state to distinguish between these so that pm-suspend | ||
− | is not triggered twice | + | is not triggered twice. |
− | Enter the following lines in {{ | + | Enter the following lines in {{ic|/etc/acpi/handler.sh}}: |
− | + | button/lid) | |
− | + | if [ $(/bin/awk '{print $2}' /proc/acpi/button/lid/LID0/state) = closed ]; then | |
− | + | /usr/sbin/pm-suspend | |
− | + | fi | |
− | + | ;; | |
− | Hibernate works correctly | + | Hibernate works correctly. See [[pm-utils]]. |
If you are a KDE4 user you can take advantage of powerdevil (included in kdemod-core/kdemod-kdebase-workspace since release 4.2) to manipulate the screen brightness, cpu scaling and hibernate. Suspend | If you are a KDE4 user you can take advantage of powerdevil (included in kdemod-core/kdemod-kdebase-workspace since release 4.2) to manipulate the screen brightness, cpu scaling and hibernate. Suspend | ||
from KDE works too, but if you are using handler.sh to suspend on the button/lid and button/sleep acpi | from KDE works too, but if you are using handler.sh to suspend on the button/lid and button/sleep acpi | ||
events, then KDE only needs to lock the screen. Note that cpu scaling requires acpi-cpufreq module | events, then KDE only needs to lock the screen. Note that cpu scaling requires acpi-cpufreq module | ||
− | to be loaded | + | to be loaded at boot. |
− | ==Fn | + | === Fn keys === |
− | Firstly edit {{ | + | Firstly edit {{ic|/usr/share/hal/fdi/information/10freedesktop/30-keymap-misc.fdi}} |
and insert N140 into the list where you see NC10 already. | and insert N140 into the list where you see NC10 already. | ||
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This is a BIOS issue which was also found on the Samsung NC10. A workaround quirk was put in the | This is a BIOS issue which was also found on the Samsung NC10. A workaround quirk was put in the | ||
kernel in atkbd.c for the NC10. Patching this routine to apply the same | kernel in atkbd.c for the NC10. Patching this routine to apply the same | ||
− | quirk also works for the N140 | + | quirk also works for the N140. |
− | + | There is a much simpler solution because this quirk can now be applied from user space. Simply create a systemd tmpfile with the following line: | |
− | + | {{hc|/etc/tmpfiles.d/local.conf| | |
+ | w /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio0/force_release - - - - 130,131,132,134,136,137,179,247,249 | ||
+ | }} | ||
− | After this is run, doing | + | After this is run, doing {{ic|showkey}} in a real console will show key presses and releases. |
− | ===Binding Fn keys with xbindkeys=== | + | ==== Binding Fn keys with xbindkeys ==== |
The following has been tested with KDE, but should also work for other DEs. | The following has been tested with KDE, but should also work for other DEs. | ||
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To bind the Fn keys to action, read [[Extra_Keyboard_Keys#The_quick_way]] and also [[Extra_Keyboard_Keys_in_Xorg#Using_your_Desktop_Environment_tools|Extra Keyboard Keys in Xorg]]. | To bind the Fn keys to action, read [[Extra_Keyboard_Keys#The_quick_way]] and also [[Extra_Keyboard_Keys_in_Xorg#Using_your_Desktop_Environment_tools|Extra Keyboard Keys in Xorg]]. | ||
− | The suspend key | + | The suspend key {{ic|Fn+ESC}} and disable touchpad {{Keypress|Fn+F10} keys, numlock, scroll lock, |
volume controls and mute work out of the box. | volume controls and mute work out of the box. | ||
− | Note, that suspend key is handled in {{ | + | Note, that suspend key is handled in {{ic|/etc/acpi/handler.sh}} (see "button/sleep" case entry) as |
shown above. | shown above. | ||
− | + | # Install {{Pkg|xbindkeys}} | |
− | + | # Check the key values with {{ic|xbindkeys -mk}} | |
− | + | # Edit .xbindkeysrc {{bc| | |
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"sudo /sbin/backlight up" | "sudo /sbin/backlight up" | ||
m:0x0 + c:233 | m:0x0 + c:233 | ||
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"/home/user/bin/systeminfo_wifi" | "/home/user/bin/systeminfo_wifi" | ||
m:0x0 + c:246 | m:0x0 + c:246 | ||
+ | }} | ||
− | + | # Run {{ic|xbindkeys}}, and try it out | |
− | |||
− | For KDE4 put a link to {{ | + | For KDE4 put a link to {{ic|/usr/bin/xbindkeys}} in {{ic|~/.kde4/Autostart}}: |
ln -s /usr/bin/xbindkeys ~/.kde4/Autostart/xbindkeys.link | ln -s /usr/bin/xbindkeys ~/.kde4/Autostart/xbindkeys.link | ||
− | The Fn+F3 ("Euro") key: here Samsung implemented what has been called | + | The {{ic|Fn+F3}} ("Euro") key: here Samsung implemented what has been called |
− | an | + | an [http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/hal/2009-August/013536.html entertaingly hilarious hack]. |
− | http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/hal/2009-August/013536.html | + | Fortunately some eurozone models have a real Euro key as well. |
− | |||
− | Fortunately some | ||
− | ===Binding Fn keys in Openbox=== | + | ==== Binding Fn keys in Openbox ==== |
In [[Openbox]] one can use the internal keybind setup instead of xbindkeys. | In [[Openbox]] one can use the internal keybind setup instead of xbindkeys. | ||
Here is an excerpt from rc.xml: | Here is an excerpt from rc.xml: | ||
− | |||
<keybind key="XF86Battery"> | <keybind key="XF86Battery"> | ||
<action name="Execute"> | <action name="Execute"> | ||
Line 538: | Line 380: | ||
</action> | </action> | ||
</keybind> | </keybind> | ||
− | |||
− | ==Saving Power== | + | === Saving Power === |
− | |||
− | Read [[Lightweight Applications]] | + | Read [[Laptop#Power_Management]]. |
+ | Read [[Lightweight Applications]]. | ||
{{Note|Caution is advised here with hdparm settings because the issue with SATA freezing is | {{Note|Caution is advised here with hdparm settings because the issue with SATA freezing is | ||
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Obviously the battery life depends on battery capacity as well as power consumption. | Obviously the battery life depends on battery capacity as well as power consumption. | ||
The supplied battery varies in different markets. This list is a guideline only. Do not rely on this information before purchase -- check with YOUR vendor and update this wiki if it is incorrect: | The supplied battery varies in different markets. This list is a guideline only. Do not rely on this information before purchase -- check with YOUR vendor and update this wiki if it is incorrect: | ||
− | |||
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− | N130 = 4000mAh [44Wh] (most markets), 5200mAh [57Wh] (Sweden) | + | Voltage 11.1V |
− | N130 (Vodafone) = ? [?] (Spain) | + | |
− | N130 (CMCC) = ? [?] (China) | + | N130 = 4000mAh [44Wh] (most markets), 5200mAh [57Wh] (Sweden) |
− | N140 = 5200mAh [57Wh] (US, Germany, France, Sweden), 5900mAh [65Wh] (UK) | + | N130 (Vodafone) = ? [?] (Spain) |
− | Extended battery = 7800mAh [86Wh] | + | N130 (CMCC) = ? [?] (China) |
− | + | N140 = 5200mAh [57Wh] (US, Germany, France, Sweden), 5900mAh [65Wh] (UK) | |
− | Install powertop which is a very useful tool for measuring and tuning power consumption | + | Extended battery = 7800mAh [86Wh] |
− | + | ||
+ | Install {{Pkg|powertop}} which is a [[powertop|very useful tool]] for measuring and tuning power consumption. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Enable CPU frequency scaling (P-states) by loading the driver module {{ic|acpi-cpufreq}}. This is most conveniently done dropping a namesake file in {{ic|/etc/modules-load.d}}: | ||
+ | {{hc|/etc/modules-load.d/acpi-cpufreq.conf| | ||
+ | acpi-cpufreq | ||
+ | }} | ||
− | + | Select the CPU frequency governor by adding the following lines to a systemd tmpfile: | |
− | + | {{hc|/etc/tmpfiles.d/local.conf| | |
− | Select the CPU frequency governor by adding the following lines to {{ | + | w /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor - - - - ondemand |
− | + | w /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpufreq/scaling_governor - - - - ondemand | |
− | + | }} | |
− | |||
− | {{Note|Contrary to the advice in many places | + | {{Note|Contrary to the advice in many places {{ic|hdparm -B 255 /dev/sda}} does NOT necessarily turn off advanced power management. What happens depends on the disk model. With the Samsung HM160HI disk 255 results in very frequent spindowns}} |
Revision as of 06:54, 19 October 2013
This article provides information about installing and setting up Arch Linux on the Samsung N140. It is also relevant for the Samsung N130 which is identical except for the omission of Bluetooth and stereo speakers (and possibly a different battery capacity). There are versions of the N130 which include a 3G cellular modem, available from Vodafone and China Mobile. The Samsung NC10 is similar but not identical to the N140, so you may or may not find useful information on that page.
Contents
BIOS issues
No backlight setting via ACPI
A workaround is to use setpci
as shown below.
Alternatively there is a kernel patch (unrelated to the SATA freeze problem) available which changes the backlight brightness using SMI instead of poking PCI config space. It provides a kernel module called "samsung-laptop". Interestingly we see from a version of this patch which is included in OpenSUSE 11.1 that a special (as yet unreleased?) BIOS for the N130 can be informed that the OS is Linux. The effect of this hasn't been published. Suggestion: run the samsung-laptop module with its debug parameter set to 1 to check whether it does anything at all.
No key releases for some Fn keys
Some of the Fn keys give key press events but no key releases. This problem was also seen on the NC10 and NC20. A workaround is given below. For kernels 2.6.32 and later this can be done from userspace.
Installation
Do the standard Arch installation procedure from the ARCH CD ISO using an external USB CDROM drive. Alternatively boot the Arch installer from a USB flash drive. The standard Arch kernel is recommended.
A number of users have used a custom kernel for the following reasons:
- to boot with a minimal kernel containing just the required modules and without an initial ramdisk
Custom kernel without initrd
An AUR package linux-n130AUR is available. In this kernel most drivers are compiled in and there is no initial ramdisk. The drivers for cpu frequency scaling (acpi-cpufreq), wifi (ath9k, rtl8192e) and webcam (uvcvideo) are compiled as modules (i.e. not compiled in) so they can be inserted or removed from the kernel to enable or disable those features. Modules files in /etc/modules.d
can be used to enable or disable loading at boot.
Prepare the directory
$ mkdir ~/builds $ mkdir ~/builds/linux-n130 $ cd ~/builds/linux-n130
Get the AUR package and untar it
$ wget https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/li/linux-n130/linux-n130.tar.gz $ tar zxvf linux-n130.tar.gz $ cd linux-n130
At this point you can edit the PKGBUILD file if you need to change the name or version number, change options or add additional patches.
Check the PKGBUILD. Don't experiment with the CK patchset at this point:
_USE_CK_PATCHSET=0
Compile it (this will take some time...):
$ makepkg -s
Install the kernel from the new .pkg.tar.xz file.
Then insert a new item in your boot loader configuration file to boot the new kernel "linux-N130". Note that no initrd line is necessary for this kernel.
For GRUB edit /boot/grub/grub.cfg
. The syntax looks like this (sda1 = your root partition; sda2 = your swap partition):
menuentry "Arch Linux N130" { set root=(hd0,1) linux /boot/vmlinuz-N130 root=/dev/sda1 resume=/dev/sda2 ro quiet }
For GRUB Legacy edit /boot/grub/menu.lst
. The syntax looks like this:
# (3) Arch Linux N130 title Arch Linux Custom N130 Kernel root (hd0,YOURROOT-1) kernel /boot/vmlinuz-N130 root=/dev/sdaYOURROOT resume=/dev/sdaYOURSWAP ro quiet
Reboot. If you have problems the standard Arch kernel is still installed and selectable from the GRUB menu.
Configure your installation
Ethernet
RTL8101e/8102e fast ethernet. Works out of the box.
Wifi
The supplied wifi device is either an Atheros AR9285 (PCI ID = 168c:002b) (European markets) or a Realtek RTL8192E (US and UK markets).
Atheros AR9285
02:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Atheros Communications Inc. AR9285 Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) [168c:002b] (rev 01)
The kernel module for this device is "ath9k". Kernels 2.6.32 release candidates and later seem to work fine.
Realtek RTL8192E
Open source driver
The native Linux driver for this wireless device is still in preparation, but it is available as a kernel module "rtl8192e" in "staging" -- i.e. in preparation for inclusion in the kernel and available to try out, but likely to still have some problems. It has been reported as working [1]. linux-firmware package is required. See http://lkml.org/lkml/2009/12/15/410.
On rebooting, the kernel messages (visible with "dmesg") should now indicate that rtl819xE finds the firmware for loading into the device.
Note: wicd may cause excessive dropped connections with this driver, while NetworkManager appears to work better.
Ndiswrapper
It has been reported as working with ndiswrapper which makes use of the closed source Windows driver under Linux.
Cellular 3G Modem
Specifications required
Graphics Adapter
The video controller is an Intel chipset that works with the xf86-video-intel driver.
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation Mobile 945GME Express Integrated Graphics Controller [8086:27ae] (rev 03) 00:02.1 Display controller [0380]: Intel Corporation Mobile 945GM/GMS/GME, 943/940GML Express Integrated Graphics Controller [8086:27a6] (rev 03)
Kernel Mode Setting
See also Intel#KMS_.28Kernel_Mode_Setting.29.
KMS works providing real consoles at the native LCD resolution, 1024x600. There is a known problem with 2.6.32 kernels (later release candidates up to at least release 2.6.32.8), which results in screen flickering and blackouts about 5 minutes after resuming from suspend-to-RAM or suspend-to-disk.
- If you encounter screen flickering or blackouts with KMS enabled, try setting i915.powersave=0 as a kernel boot option
- Since version 2.10.0 of
xf86-video-intel
, support for UMS has been removed from the intel driver. This means that KMS is a requirement now
Method A
If you are using a kernel with no inital ramdisk and you can simply add the required options to the GRUB kernel line:
# (3) Arch Linux N130 title Arch Linux Custom N130 Kernel root (hd0,YOURROOT-1) kernel /boot/vmlinuz26-N130 root=/dev/sdaYOURROOT resume=/dev/sdaYOURSWAP ro quiet i915.powersave=0 i915.modeset=1
Method B
If you are using an initial ramdisk (either the standard kernel or the custom kernel method B above) then do the following:
Edit /etc/modprobe.d/modprobe.conf
:
options i915 powersave=0 options i915 modeset=1
Edit /etc/mkinitcpio.conf
:
MODULES="intel_agp i915" FILES="/etc/modprobe.d/modprobe.conf"
Put keymap early in /etc/mkinitcpio.conf
HOOKS.
Regenerate the init ramdisk for the kernel(s) you are running:
$ mkinitcpio -p linux
or
$ mkinitcpio -p linux-n140
Remove any vga= or video= from grub /boot/grub/menu.lst
kernel line, and reboot.
Backlight Brightness
xbacklight does not work currently. However the brightness can be set with the following command
setpci -s 00:02.1 F4.B=hh
where hh is the level of brightness, in the range 00 to FF. Don't set it to zero because your backlight will turn off!
Note this does not require the samsung-laptop patch mentioned above.
Use the following script to increase and decrease the brightness. Put it in /sbin/backlight for example. Use xbindkeys to bind commands to the backlight Fn keys. Obtain sudo permission for user to use those commands with visudo.
#!/bin/bash # increase/decrease/set/get the backlight brightness (range 0-255) by 16 # #get current brightness in hex and convert to decimal var1=$(setpci -s 00:02.1 F4.B) var1d=$((0x$var1)) case "$1" in up) #calculate new brightness var2=$(echo "ibase=10; obase=16; a=($var1d+16);if (a<255) print a else print 255" | bc) echo "$0: increasing brightness from 0x$var1 to 0x$var2" setpci -s 00:02.1 F4.B=$var2 ;; down) #calculate new brightness var2=$(echo "ibase=10; obase=16; a=($var1d-16);if (a>15) print a else print 15" | bc) echo "$0: decreasing brightness from 0x$var1 to 0x$var2" setpci -s 00:02.1 F4.B=$var2 ;; set) #n.b. this does allow "set 0" i.e. backlight off echo "$0: setting brightness to 0x$2" setpci -s 00:02.1 F4.B=$2 ;; get) echo "$0: current brightness is 0x$var1" ;; toggle) if [ $var1d -eq 0 ] ; then echo "toggling up" setpci -s 00:02.1 F4.B=FF else echo "toggling down" setpci -s 00:02.1 F4.B=0 fi ;; *) echo "usage: $0 {up|down|set <val>|get|toggle}" ;; esac exit 0
External VGA
External VGA works out of the box with xrandr / krandrtray. Tested at 1920x1080 resolution.
Audio
The audio device is an Intel HD.
00:1b.0 Audio device [0403]: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) High Definition Audio Controller [8086:27d8] (rev 02)
Suspend and hibernate
Suspend to RAM with pm-suspend
works.
It is most useful to trigger suspends using acpid.
To catch the "sleep" function key, edit /etc/acpi/handler.sh
so that the button/sleep) event calls /usr/sbin/pm-suspend (instead of "echo mem > /sys/power/state" which may leave wifi down after resume):
button/sleep) case "$2" in SLPB) logger "Sleep button pressed, suspending to RAM" /usr/sbin/pm-suspend ;; *) logger "ACPI action undefined: $2" ;; esac ;;
When catching the lid closure, the button/lid event will be seen twice -- once on suspend and again on resume. So use the lid state to distinguish between these so that pm-suspend is not triggered twice.
Enter the following lines in /etc/acpi/handler.sh
:
button/lid) if [ $(/bin/awk '{print $2}' /proc/acpi/button/lid/LID0/state) = closed ]; then /usr/sbin/pm-suspend fi ;;
Hibernate works correctly. See pm-utils.
If you are a KDE4 user you can take advantage of powerdevil (included in kdemod-core/kdemod-kdebase-workspace since release 4.2) to manipulate the screen brightness, cpu scaling and hibernate. Suspend from KDE works too, but if you are using handler.sh to suspend on the button/lid and button/sleep acpi events, then KDE only needs to lock the screen. Note that cpu scaling requires acpi-cpufreq module to be loaded at boot.
Fn keys
Firstly edit /usr/share/hal/fdi/information/10freedesktop/30-keymap-misc.fdi
and insert N140 into the list where you see NC10 already.
Now in a real console
showkey
will show presses for the function keys, but no releases for some of them.
This is a BIOS issue which was also found on the Samsung NC10. A workaround quirk was put in the kernel in atkbd.c for the NC10. Patching this routine to apply the same quirk also works for the N140. There is a much simpler solution because this quirk can now be applied from user space. Simply create a systemd tmpfile with the following line:
/etc/tmpfiles.d/local.conf
w /sys/devices/platform/i8042/serio0/force_release - - - - 130,131,132,134,136,137,179,247,249
After this is run, doing showkey
in a real console will show key presses and releases.
Binding Fn keys with xbindkeys
The following has been tested with KDE, but should also work for other DEs.
To bind the Fn keys to action, read Extra_Keyboard_Keys#The_quick_way and also Extra Keyboard Keys in Xorg.
The suspend key Fn+ESC
and disable touchpad {{Keypress|Fn+F10} keys, numlock, scroll lock,
volume controls and mute work out of the box.
Note, that suspend key is handled in /etc/acpi/handler.sh
(see "button/sleep" case entry) as
shown above.
- Install xbindkeys
- Check the key values with
xbindkeys -mk
- Edit .xbindkeysrc
- Run
xbindkeys
, and try it out
For KDE4 put a link to /usr/bin/xbindkeys
in ~/.kde4/Autostart
:
ln -s /usr/bin/xbindkeys ~/.kde4/Autostart/xbindkeys.link
The Fn+F3
("Euro") key: here Samsung implemented what has been called
an entertaingly hilarious hack.
Fortunately some eurozone models have a real Euro key as well.
Binding Fn keys in Openbox
In Openbox one can use the internal keybind setup instead of xbindkeys. Here is an excerpt from rc.xml:
<keybind key="XF86Battery"> <action name="Execute"> <command>~/.PersonalBin/batteryDisplay</command> </action> </keybind> <keybind key="XF86Display"> <action name="Execute"> <command>~/.PersonalBin/monitor</command> </action> </keybind> <keybind key="XF86Launch1"> <action name="Execute"> <command>~/.PersonalBin/brightnessToggle</command> </action> </keybind> <keybind key="XF86Launch2"> <action name="Execute"> <command>nice python ~/.config/openbox/scripts/checkmail.py --update</command> </action> </keybind> <keybind key="XF86Launch3"> <action name="Execute"> <command>~/.PersonalBin/powersaveToggle</command> </action> </keybind> </keybind> <keybind key="XF86AudioMute"> <action name="Execute"> <command>~/.PersonalBin/volume mute</command> </action> </keybind> <keybind key="XF86WLAN"> <action name="Execute"> <command>~/.PersonalBin/wlanToggle</command> </action> </keybind> <keybind key="XF86AudioLowerVolume"> <action name="Execute"> <command>~/.PersonalBin/volume -</command> </action> </keybind> <keybind key="XF86AudioRaiseVolume"> <action name="Execute"> <command>~/.PersonalBin/volume +</command> </action> </keybind> <keybind key="XF86MonBrightnessDown"> <action name="PreviousWindow"> <bar>no</bar> <allDesktops>yes</allDesktops> <finalactions> <action name="Focus"/> <action name="Raise"/> </finalactions> </action> </keybind> <keybind key="XF86MonBrightnessUp"> <action name="NextWindow"> <bar>no</bar> <allDesktops>yes</allDesktops> <finalactions> <action name="Focus"/> <action name="Raise"/> </finalactions> </action> </keybind>
Saving Power
Read Laptop#Power_Management. Read Lightweight Applications.
The Samsung N130/N140 contains a 1.6 GHz Intel Atom ULV (ultra low voltage) N270 processor, designed for low power consumption. The power consumption of the netbook (not just the processor) can be as low as 6W on idle with HDD spun down, although a typical figure under normal usage would be considerably higher.
Obviously the battery life depends on battery capacity as well as power consumption. The supplied battery varies in different markets. This list is a guideline only. Do not rely on this information before purchase -- check with YOUR vendor and update this wiki if it is incorrect:
Voltage 11.1V
N130 = 4000mAh [44Wh] (most markets), 5200mAh [57Wh] (Sweden) N130 (Vodafone) = ? [?] (Spain) N130 (CMCC) = ? [?] (China) N140 = 5200mAh [57Wh] (US, Germany, France, Sweden), 5900mAh [65Wh] (UK) Extended battery = 7800mAh [86Wh]
Install powertop which is a very useful tool for measuring and tuning power consumption.
Enable CPU frequency scaling (P-states) by loading the driver module acpi-cpufreq
. This is most conveniently done dropping a namesake file in /etc/modules-load.d
:
/etc/modules-load.d/acpi-cpufreq.conf
acpi-cpufreq
Select the CPU frequency governor by adding the following lines to a systemd tmpfile:
/etc/tmpfiles.d/local.conf
w /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor - - - - ondemand w /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpufreq/scaling_governor - - - - ondemand
hdparm -B 255 /dev/sda
does NOT necessarily turn off advanced power management. What happens depends on the disk model. With the Samsung HM160HI disk 255 results in very frequent spindowns