Difference between revisions of "User:Dwightjl"
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= Draft Quick Start Guide for Arch Install = | = Draft Quick Start Guide for Arch Install = | ||
− | + | New users can quickly install and configure Arch Linux with these simple instructions. For more advanced install instructions, see the [[Installation Guide]]. | |
− | The | + | == System requirements == |
+ | |||
+ | The target system for the Arch Linux install requires the following items: | ||
+ | |||
+ | * A bootable USB, CD, or DVD drive. | ||
+ | * An i686 or x86_64 CPU architecture. | ||
+ | * A minimum of 64 MB of system RAM. | ||
+ | * A hard drive with at least 1GB of disk space. | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Download the Arch Linux ISO == | ||
+ | Download the new Arch Linux ISO from the [https://www.archlinux.org/download/ Arch Linux download page]. The single ISO image supports both 32-bit and 64-bit architectures. | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Create the Arch Linux installation medium == | ||
+ | |||
+ | Burn the ISO image on a CD or DVD with your preferred software, or write the ISO image to [[USB Installation Media|a bootable USB]]. | ||
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− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
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== Installation == | == Installation == |
Revision as of 21:34, 23 October 2013
Contents
Draft Quick Start Guide for Arch Install
New users can quickly install and configure Arch Linux with these simple instructions. For more advanced install instructions, see the Installation Guide.
System requirements
The target system for the Arch Linux install requires the following items:
- A bootable USB, CD, or DVD drive.
- An i686 or x86_64 CPU architecture.
- A minimum of 64 MB of system RAM.
- A hard drive with at least 1GB of disk space.
Download the Arch Linux ISO
Download the new Arch Linux ISO from the Arch Linux download page. The single ISO image supports both 32-bit and 64-bit architectures.
Create the Arch Linux installation medium
Burn the ISO image on a CD or DVD with your preferred software, or write the ISO image to a bootable USB.
Installation
Keyboard layout
For many countries and keyboard types appropriate keymaps are available already, and a command like loadkeys uk
might do what you want. More available keymap files can be found in /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/
(you can omit the keymap path and file extension when using loadkeys).
Partition disks
See partitioning for details.
If you want to create any stacked block devices for LVM, disk encryption or RAID, do it now.
Format the partitions
See File Systems for details.
If you are using (U)EFI you will most probably need another partition to host the UEFI System partition. Read Create an UEFI System Partition in Linux.
Mount the partitions
We now must mount the root partition on /mnt
. You should also create directories for and mount any other partitions (/mnt/boot
, /mnt/home
, ...) and mount your swap partition if you want them to be detected by genfstab
.
Connect to the internet
A DHCP service is already enabled for all available devices. If you need to setup a static IP or use management tools such as Netctl, you should stop this service first: systemctl stop dhcpcd.service
. For more information read configuring network.
Wireless
Run wifi-menu
to set up your wireless network. For details, see Wireless Setup and Netctl.
Install the base system
Before installing, you may want to edit /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
such that your preferred mirror is first. This copy of the mirrorlist will be installed on your new system by pacstrap
as well, so it's worth getting it right.
Using the pacstrap script we install the base system.
# pacstrap /mnt base
Other packages can be installed by appending their names to the above command (space seperated), including the bootloader if you want.
Configure the system
- Generate an fstab with the following command (if you prefer to use UUIDs or labels, add the
-U
or-L
option, respectively):
# genfstab -p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
- chroot into our newly installed system:
# arch-chroot /mnt
- Write your hostname to
/etc/hostname
.
- Symlink
/etc/localtime
to/usr/share/zoneinfo/Zone/SubZone
. ReplaceZone
andSubzone
to your liking. For example:
# ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Athens /etc/localtime
- Uncomment the selected locale in
/etc/locale.gen
and generate it withlocale-gen
. - Set locale preferences in
/etc/locale.conf
. - Add console keymap and font preferences in
/etc/vconsole.conf
- Configure
/etc/mkinitcpio.conf
as needed (see mkinitcpio) and create an initial RAM disk with:
# mkinitcpio -p linux
- Set a root password with
passwd
. - Configure the network again for newly installed environment. See Network Configuration and Wireless Setup.
Install and configure a bootloader
You can choose between GRUB or Syslinux.
Unmount and reboot
If you are still in the chroot environment type exit
or press Ctrl+D
in order to exit.
Earlier we mounted the partitions under /mnt
. In this step we will unmount them:
# umount /mnt/{boot,home,}
Now reboot and then login into the new system with the root account.
Post-installation
User management
Add any user accounts you require besides root, as described in User management. It is not good practice to use the root account for regular use, or expose it via SSH on a server. The root account should only be used for administrative tasks.
Package management
See pacman and FAQ#Package Management for answers regarding installing, updating, and managing packages.
Service management
Arch Linux uses systemd as init, which is a system and service manager for Linux. For maintaining your Arch Linux installation, it is a good idea to learn the basics about it. Interaction with systemd is done through the systemctl
command. Read systemd#Basic systemctl usage for more information.
Sound
ALSA usually works out-of-the-box. It just needs to be unmuted. Install alsa-utils (which contains alsamixer
) and follow these instructions.
ALSA is included with the kernel and it is recommended. If it does not work, OSS is a viable alternative. If you have advanced audio requirements, take a look at Sound system for an overview of various articles.
Video driver
The Linux kernel includes open-source video drivers and support for hardware accelerated framebuffers. However, userland support is required for OpenGL and 2D acceleration in X11.
If you don't know which video chipset is available on your machine, run:
$ lspci | grep VGA
For a complete list of open-source video drivers, search the package database:
$ pacman -Ss xf86-video | less
The vesa
driver is a generic mode-setting driver that will work with almost every GPU, but will not provide any 2D or 3D acceleration. If a better driver cannot be found or fails to load, Xorg will fall back to vesa. To install it:
# pacman -S xf86-video-vesa
In order for video acceleration to work, and often to expose all the modes that the GPU can set, a proper video driver is required:
Brand | Type | Driver | Multilib Package (for 32-bit applications on Arch x86_64) |
Documentation |
---|---|---|---|---|
AMD/ATI | Open source | xf86-video-ati | lib32-ati-dri | ATI |
Proprietary | catalyst-dkms | lib32-catalyst-utils | AMD Catalyst | |
Intel | Open source | xf86-video-intel | lib32-intel-dri | Intel Graphics |
Nvidia | Open source | xf86-video-nouveau | lib32-nouveau-dri | Nouveau |
xf86-video-nv | – | (legacy driver) | ||
Proprietary | nvidia | lib32-nvidia-utils | NVIDIA | |
nvidia-304xx | lib32-nvidia-304xx-utils |
Display server
The X Window System (commonly X11, or X) is a networking and display protocol which provides windowing on bitmap displays. It is the de-facto standard for implementating graphical user interfaces. See the Xorg article for details.
Wayland is a new display server protocol and the Weston reference implementation is available. There is very little support for it from applications at this early stage of development.
Fonts
You may wish to install a set of TrueType fonts, as only unscalable bitmap fonts are included by default. DejaVu is a set of high quality, general-purpose fonts with good Unicode coverage:
# pacman -S ttf-dejavu
Refer to Font Configuration for how to configure font rendering and Fonts for font suggestions and installation instructions.