Twm: Difference between revisions
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{{Lowercase title}} | {{Lowercase title}} | ||
[[Category:Stacking | [[Category:Stacking window managers]] | ||
[[es:Twm]] | [[es:Twm]] | ||
[[it:Twm]] | [[it:Twm]] | ||
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{{Related|Window manager}} | {{Related|Window manager}} | ||
{{Related articles end}} | {{Related articles end}} | ||
twm is a window manager for [[Xorg]]. It is a small program, being built against Xlib rather than using a widget library, and as such, it is very light on system resources. Though simple, it is highly configurable; fonts, colours, border widths, title bar buttons, etc. can all be set by the user. | twm is a window manager for [[Xorg]]. It is a small program, being built against Xlib rather than using a widget library, and as such, it is very light on system resources. Though simple, it is highly configurable; fonts, colours, border widths, title bar buttons, etc. can all be set by the user. | ||
twm was written by Tom LaStrange, a developer who was frustrated by the limitations of [[wikipedia:UWM_(computing)|uwm (Ultrix Window Manager)]][http://www.linuxplanet.com/linuxplanet/reports/3000/2/] | twm was written by Tom LaStrange, a developer who was frustrated by the limitations of [[wikipedia:UWM_(computing)|uwm (Ultrix Window Manager)]], the only window manager around when X11 was first released. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190306145723/http://www.linuxplanet.com/linuxplanet/reports/3000/2/] | ||
twm supplanted uwm as the default window manager supplied with X11 from the X11R4 release in 1989. [https://www.x.org/wiki/UserDocumentation/GettingStarted/] | |||
twm has stood for ''Tom's Window Manager'', ''Tab Window Manager'' and more recently ''Timeless Window Manager''. | twm has stood for ''Tom's Window Manager'', ''Tab Window Manager'' and more recently ''Timeless Window Manager''. | ||
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By default, twm looks very dated and unintuitive. By creating the file {{ic|~/.twmrc}}, you can customize twm to make it more friendly. | By default, twm looks very dated and unintuitive. By creating the file {{ic|~/.twmrc}}, you can customize twm to make it more friendly. | ||
{{man|1|twm}} gives full details of the commands which can be used in your {{ic|~/.twmrc}} file. Many {{ic|~/.twmrc}} files have been posted online. | {{man|1|twm}} gives full details of the commands which can be used in your {{ic|~/.twmrc}} file. | ||
=== .twmrc examples === | |||
Many {{ic|~/.twmrc}} files have been posted online. Some examples include: | |||
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080926032120/http://physics.wm.edu/unix_intro/loginmht/twmrc.html Sample .twmrc file] (''Physics Department Unix Login Mini-Howto, W&M University'' through Wayback Machine) | |||
* [https://opensource.apple.com/source/X11/X11-0.46.4/xc/programs/twm/sample-twmrc/ sample twmrc files] (''Apple Open Source/X11/X11-0.46.4'') | |||
* [https://opensource.apple.com/source/X11/X11-0.46.4/xc/programs/twm/system.twmrc.auto.html system.twmrc] (''Apple Open Source/X11/X11-0.46.4'') | |||
* [http://www.custompc.plus.com/twm/configs/ twm configs - 1] (''custompc.plus.com'') | |||
* [http://www.custompc.plus.com/twm2/config/ twm configs - 2] (''custompc.plus.com'') | |||
* [http://www.xwinman.org/vtwm.php Window Managers for X: TWM/VTWM]{{Dead link|2024|03|03|status=404}} (''xwinman.org'') | |||
A [https://www.google.com/search?q=twmrc Google search for "twmrc"] can also be used to find new ideas. | |||
== Tips and tricks == | == Tips and tricks == | ||
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== See also == | == See also == | ||
* | * [http://www.custompc.plus.com/twm/twmrc.htm Graham's TWM Page!] | ||
* | * [http://www.custompc.plus.com/twm2/Grahams_TWM_page2.html Graham's TWM Page 2] | ||
* [https://lists.x.org/archives/xorg/2010-January/048401.html TWM -- Revised Edition -- Again] | |||
* {{man|1|twm}} man page | * {{man|1|twm}} man page | ||
* | * [https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/app/twm twm official Gitlab] | ||
* | * [[wikipedia:twm|twm on Wikipedia]] | ||
* | * [https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/x-window-system/9780937175149/Chapter03.html X Window System User's Guide - Ch. 3 Using the twm Window Manager] | ||
* [https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/x-window-system/9780937175149/Chapter10.html X Window System User's Guide - Ch. 10 Customizing the twm Window Manager] |
Latest revision as of 11:45, 3 March 2024
twm is a window manager for Xorg. It is a small program, being built against Xlib rather than using a widget library, and as such, it is very light on system resources. Though simple, it is highly configurable; fonts, colours, border widths, title bar buttons, etc. can all be set by the user.
twm was written by Tom LaStrange, a developer who was frustrated by the limitations of uwm (Ultrix Window Manager), the only window manager around when X11 was first released. [1]
twm supplanted uwm as the default window manager supplied with X11 from the X11R4 release in 1989. [2]
twm has stood for Tom's Window Manager, Tab Window Manager and more recently Timeless Window Manager.
Installation
twm is provided by the package xorg-twm.
Starting
Run twm
with xinit.
You can also start twm with a display manager. The twm.desktop
file does not exist so we have to create it at /usr/share/xsessions/
.
In the newly created /usr/share/xsessions/twm.desktop
file, copy and paste:
/usr/share/xsessions/twm.desktop
[Desktop Entry] Name=twm Comment=xorg-twm TryExec=twm Exec=twm Type=Application
Configuration
By default, twm looks very dated and unintuitive. By creating the file ~/.twmrc
, you can customize twm to make it more friendly.
twm(1) gives full details of the commands which can be used in your ~/.twmrc
file.
.twmrc examples
Many ~/.twmrc
files have been posted online. Some examples include:
- Sample .twmrc file (Physics Department Unix Login Mini-Howto, W&M University through Wayback Machine)
- sample twmrc files (Apple Open Source/X11/X11-0.46.4)
- system.twmrc (Apple Open Source/X11/X11-0.46.4)
- twm configs - 1 (custompc.plus.com)
- twm configs - 2 (custompc.plus.com)
- Window Managers for X: TWM/VTWM[dead link 2024-03-03 ⓘ] (xwinman.org)
A Google search for "twmrc" can also be used to find new ideas.
Tips and tricks
Patched version
There is a patched version, not in the repositories, with updated features such as transparency. A description and build script is available on the xorg mailing list. It can be tried out by installing xcompmgr, running the build script, putting the resulting twm
and dot.twmrc
files in a convenient directory, and editing the ~/.xinitrc
file so that the last two lines are
xcompmgr -o 0.3 -c -r 8 -t -10 -l -12 & /path-to-directory/twm -visual TrueColor -depth 32 -f /path-to-directory/dot.twmrc
Troubleshooting
You might find that titlebars and menu entries in TWM are extremely large - twice the size that one might typically expect. This is a locale issue with TWM that occurs when a UTF-8
locale is used. Setting the locale to C
fixes the issue. See [3].