TeX Live: Difference between revisions
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{{Related|TeX Live FAQ}} | {{Related|TeX Live FAQ}} | ||
{{Related|TeX Live and CJK}} | {{Related|TeX Live and CJK}} | ||
{{Related articles end}} | {{Related articles end}} | ||
According to [[Wikipedia:TeX Live|Wikipedia]]: | |||
TeX Live is | :'''TeX Live''' is a free software distribution for the [[Wikipedia:TeX|TeX]] typesetting system that includes major TeX-related programs, macro packages, and fonts. | ||
TeX Live includes the {{man|1|tex}} and {{man|1|pdftex}} programs, the [[Wikipedia:LaTeX|LaTeX]] and [[Wikipedia:ConTeXt|ConTeXt]] TeX macro packages and the [[Wikipedia:XeTeX|XeTeX]] and [[Wikipedia:LuaTeX|LuaTeX]] TeX engines. | |||
== Installation == | == Installation == | ||
The | * The {{Grp|texlive-most}} group contains most TeX Live packages. | ||
** {{Pkg|texlive-core}}, the essential package, based on the ''medium'' upstream install scheme (all other packages are based on the upstream collections). The package includes [[pacman hook]]s to automate ''mktexlsr'', ''fmtutil'' and ''updmap''.[https://git.archlinux.org/svntogit/packages.git/tree/trunk?h=packages/texlive-core] | |||
** {{Pkg|texlive-bin}} contains the binaries and libraries (it is a dependency of {{Pkg|texlive-core}}). | |||
* The {{Grp|texlive-lang}} group contains packages providing character sets and features for non-English languages. | |||
** {{Pkg|texlive-langextra}} provides language support for African, Arabic, Armenian, Croatian, Hebrew, Indic, Mongolian, Tibetan and Vietnamese. | |||
* The {{Pkg|biber}} utility used to handle [https://ctan.org/pkg/biblatex biblatex] bibliography is provided as a separate package. | |||
{{ | To determine which [https://www.ctan.org/ CTAN] packages are included in each ''texlive-'' package, look up the files {{ic|/var/lib/texmf/arch/installedpkgs/<package>_<revnr>.pkgs}}. | ||
{{Note|Some tools and utilities included in TeX Live rely on {{Pkg|ghostscript}}, {{Pkg|perl}}, {{Pkg|python2}}, or {{Pkg|ruby}}.}} | |||
{{Tip|You may want to install a [[List of applications/Documents#TeX editors|TeX editor]].}} | |||
=== tllocalmgr === | |||
The {{ic|tllocalmgr}} utility, provided by {{AUR|texlive-localmanager-git}}, lets you install (and update) packages from CTAN as [[pacman]] packages, see [https://git.archlinux.org/users/remy/texlive-localmanager.git/tree/tllocalmgr#n809 its usage] ({{ic|-h}}) for details. | |||
=== Package documentation === | |||
The packages in the official repositories do not contain the documentation or source files of font/macro packages. | |||
For offline access with {{ic|texdoc}} you can either [[install]] the whole TeX Live documentation and source files with {{AUR|texlive-most-doc}} or install documentation of specific packages with ''tllocalmgr''. | |||
You can also access the documentation online at: | |||
* https://tug.org/texlive/Contents/live/doc.html | |||
* https://ctan.org/ – the central place for all kinds of material around TeX | |||
* http://texdoc.net/ ({{ic|<nowiki>http://texdoc.net/pkg/</nowiki>''packagename''}} directly yields the relevant PDF) | |||
=== Manual installation === | === Manual installation === | ||
Alternatively you can install TeX Live with the upstream installer, which is packaged as {{AUR|texlive-installer}}. For more information, see the [[wikibooks:LaTeX/Installation#Custom_installation_with_TeX_Live|LaTeX Wikibook]] and the [https://tug.org/texlive/doc/texlive-en/texlive-en.html#x1-140003 TeX Live Guide]. | |||
== Usage == | == Usage == | ||
{{Note| | |||
* While {{Pkg|texlive-core}} provides the [https://www.tug.org/texlive/tlmgr.html tlmgr] script in ''TEXMFDIST'' it is broken. For package installations you can use [[#tllocalmgr|tllocalmgr]] instead. | |||
* The {{man|1|texconfig}} command is mostly broken because it partially depends on ''tlmgr'' ({{Bug|59094}}). The interactive mode of {{ic|texconfig}} requires {{Pkg|dialog}}. | |||
}} | |||
See the following resources: | |||
* [[Wikibooks:LaTeX]] | |||
* [https://tobi.oetiker.ch/lshort/lshort.pdf The Not So Short Introduction to LaTeX 2ε] | |||
* [https://www.andy-roberts.net/writing/latex Getting to Grips with LaTeX – Andrew Roberts] | |||
* [https://texfaq.org/ The TeX FAQ] | |||
=== texmf trees and Kpathsea === | |||
texmf trees (''texmf'' stands for TeX and [[Wikipedia:Metafont|Metafont]]) should follow the [https://tug.org/tds/ TeX Directory Structure], or files may not be found.[https://www.tug.org/texlive/doc/texlive-en/texlive-en.html#x1-110002.3] | |||
TeX Live uses the [https://tug.org/texinfohtml/kpathsea.html Kpathsea] library to lookup paths by filename across multiple texmf trees and the current working directory. | |||
Kpathsea searches the following variables in the reverse order (later trees override earlier ones). | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! Variables !! Arch default <sup>1)</sup> !! Used by [https://www.tug.org/texlive/doc/texlive-en/texlive-en.html#x1-110002.3] | |||
|- | |||
| TEXMFDIST || /usr/share/texmf-dist || files of the original distribution | |||
|- | |||
| TEXMFLOCAL || /usr/local/share/texmf:/usr/share/texmf || administrators for system-wide installation of additional or updated macros, fonts, etc. | |||
|- | |||
| TEXMFSYSVAR || /var/lib/texmf || updmap and fmtutil (user mode) to store (cached) runtime data | |||
|- | |||
| TEXMFSYSCONFIG || /etc/texmf || updmap and fmtutil (user mode) to store modified configuration data | |||
|- | |||
| TEXMFHOME || ~/texmf || users for their own individual installations of additional or updated macros, fonts, etc. | |||
|- | |||
| TEXMFVAR || ~/.texlive/texmf-var || updmap and fmtutil (sys mode) to store (cached) runtime data | |||
|- | |||
| TEXMFCONFIG || ~/.texlive/texmf-config || updmap and fmtutil (sys mode) to store modified configuration data | |||
|- | |||
| TEXMFCACHE || $TEXMFSYSVAR;$TEXMFVAR || ConTeXt MkIV and LuaLaTeX to store (cached) runtime data | |||
|} | |||
# The default values are defined in {{ic|/etc/texmf/web2c/texmf.cnf}}[https://git.archlinux.org/svntogit/packages.git/tree/trunk/texmf.cnf?h=packages/texlive-core], they can be overridden with [[environment variables]]. | |||
Kpathsea provides the {{man|1|kpsewhich}} command to lookup paths. When run with the {{ic|-var}} argument it can also print the values of variables. | |||
Kpathsea uses filename databases ({{ic|ls-R}}) to speed up searches in system-wide texmf trees (configured with the ''TEXMFDBS'' variable). This means that when system-wide file trees are changed, {{man|1|mktexlsr}} or {{ic|texhash}} (a symlink) need to be run as [[root user|root]]. Fortunately the {{Pkg|texlive-core}} automates this with a [[pacman hook]] targeting all default system-wide texmf trees but {{ic|/usr/local/share/texmf}}.[https://git.archlinux.org/svntogit/packages.git/tree/trunk/mktexlsr.hook?h=packages/texlive-core] So as long as you install system-wide packages via [[pacman]] you should not need to run ''mktexlsr'' or ''texhash'' at all. | |||
== Important information == | |||
{{Out of date|ConTeXt nowadays works out of the box. You just sometimes need to run {{ic|mtxrun --generate}}.[https://www.contextgarden.net/Running_Mark_IV]}} | |||
* The ConTeXt formats (for Mark II and IV) are not automatically generated upon installation. See [http://wiki.contextgarden.net the ConTeXT wiki] for instructions on how to do this. | |||
* TeX Live (upstream) now provides a tool for incremental updates of CTAN packages. On that basis, we also plan to update our packages on a regular basis (we have written tools that almost automate that task). | * TeX Live (upstream) now provides a tool for incremental updates of CTAN packages. On that basis, we also plan to update our packages on a regular basis (we have written tools that almost automate that task). | ||
* The way to handle font mappings for {{man|1|updmap}} was improved in September 2009, and installation should now be much more reliable than in the past. In the meantime, if you encounter error messages about unavailable map files, simply remove them by hand from the {{ic|updmap.cfg}} file (ideally using {{Ic|updmap-sys --edit}}). You can also run {{Ic|updmap-sys --syncwithtrees}} to automatically comment out outdated map lines from the config file. | |||
== Tips and tricks == | |||
=== Changing default paper size === | |||
{{Accuracy|It's possible by directly editing the config files.[https://tug.org/pipermail/tex-live/2009-April/020692.html]}} | |||
It is currently impossible to set the default page size, because the Arch package removes the tool necessary for this, see {{Bug|59094}}. | It is currently impossible to set the default page size, because the Arch package removes the tool necessary for this, see {{Bug|59094}}. | ||
Usually, you would run the {{ic|texconfig}} command, which is also capable of changing other useful settings. | Usually, you would run the {{ic|texconfig}} command, which is also capable of changing other useful settings. | ||
=== | === Making fonts available to Fontconfig === | ||
By default, the fonts that come with the various TeX Live packages are not automatically available to [[Fontconfig]]. If you want to use them with, say XeTeX or [[LibreOffice]], the easiest approach is to make symlinks as follows: | |||
By default, the fonts that come with the various TeX Live packages are not automatically available to Fontconfig. If you want to use them with, say XeTeX or [[LibreOffice]], the easiest approach is to make symlinks as follows: | |||
ln -s /usr/share/texmf-dist/fonts/opentype/public/<some_fonts_you_want> ~/.fonts/OTF/ (or TTF or Type1) | ln -s /usr/share/texmf-dist/fonts/opentype/public/<some_fonts_you_want> ~/.fonts/OTF/ (or TTF or Type1) | ||
Line 91: | Line 136: | ||
{{Note|This may cause conflicts with XeTeX/XeLaTeX if the same fonts are (separately) available to both TeX and Fontconfig, i.e. if multiple copies of the same font are available on the search path.}} | {{Note|This may cause conflicts with XeTeX/XeLaTeX if the same fonts are (separately) available to both TeX and Fontconfig, i.e. if multiple copies of the same font are available on the search path.}} | ||
== | === Updating babelbib language definitions === | ||
== | |||
{{Style|You should not change {{ic|/usr/share/texmf-dist/}}.}} | |||
You should | |||
If you have the very specific problem of [https://www.ctan.org/pkg/babelbib babelbib] not having the latest language definitions that you need, and you do not want to recompile everything, you can get them manually from https://www.tug.org/texlive/devsrc/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/babelbib/ and put them in {{ic|/usr/share/texmf-dist/tex/latex/babelbib/}}. For example: | |||
If you have the very specific problem of babelbib not having the latest language definitions that you need, and you do not want to recompile everything, you can get them manually from https://www.tug.org/texlive/devsrc/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/babelbib/ and put them in {{ic|/usr/share/texmf-dist/tex/latex/babelbib/}}. For example: | |||
{{bc| | {{bc| | ||
Line 127: | Line 151: | ||
Afterwards, you need to run {{ic|texhash}} to update the TeX database: | Afterwards, you need to run {{ic|texhash}} to update the TeX database: | ||
# texhash | # texhash | ||
== Troubleshooting == | |||
=== Error with "formats not generated" upon update === | |||
See {{Bug|16467}}. (Note that if you do not use the experimental engine ''LuaTeX'', you can ignore this.) This situation typically occurs when the configuration files {{ic|language.def}} and/or {{ic|language.dat}} for hyphenation patterns contain references to files from earlier releases of {{Pkg|texlive-core}}, in particular to the latest experimental hyphenation patterns for German, whose file name changes frequently. Currently they should point to {{ic|dehyph{n,t}-x-2009-06-19.tex}}. | |||
To solve this, you need to either remove these files: {{ic|/etc/texmf/tex/generic/config/language.<nowiki>{def,dat}</nowiki>}} | |||
or update them using the newest version under: {{ic|/usr/share/texmf/tex/generic/config/language.<nowiki>{def,dat}</nowiki>}} | |||
and then run | |||
# fmtutil-sys --missing | |||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [https:// | * [https://tug.org/texlive/doc.html TeX Live documentation] | ||
* [https://tug.org/texlive/doc/texlive-en/texlive-en.html The TeX Live Guide] (not completely applicable) | |||
* [https://tex.stackexchange.com/ TeX - LaTeX Stack Exchange] |
Revision as of 14:23, 30 September 2018
According to Wikipedia:
- TeX Live is a free software distribution for the TeX typesetting system that includes major TeX-related programs, macro packages, and fonts.
TeX Live includes the tex(1) and pdftex(1) programs, the LaTeX and ConTeXt TeX macro packages and the XeTeX and LuaTeX TeX engines.
Installation
- The texlive-most group contains most TeX Live packages.
- texlive-core, the essential package, based on the medium upstream install scheme (all other packages are based on the upstream collections). The package includes pacman hooks to automate mktexlsr, fmtutil and updmap.[1]
- texlive-bin contains the binaries and libraries (it is a dependency of texlive-core).
- The texlive-lang group contains packages providing character sets and features for non-English languages.
- texlive-langextra provides language support for African, Arabic, Armenian, Croatian, Hebrew, Indic, Mongolian, Tibetan and Vietnamese.
- The biber utility used to handle biblatex bibliography is provided as a separate package.
To determine which CTAN packages are included in each texlive- package, look up the files /var/lib/texmf/arch/installedpkgs/<package>_<revnr>.pkgs
.
tllocalmgr
The tllocalmgr
utility, provided by texlive-localmanager-gitAUR, lets you install (and update) packages from CTAN as pacman packages, see its usage (-h
) for details.
Package documentation
The packages in the official repositories do not contain the documentation or source files of font/macro packages.
For offline access with texdoc
you can either install the whole TeX Live documentation and source files with texlive-most-docAUR or install documentation of specific packages with tllocalmgr.
You can also access the documentation online at:
- https://tug.org/texlive/Contents/live/doc.html
- https://ctan.org/ – the central place for all kinds of material around TeX
- http://texdoc.net/ (
http://texdoc.net/pkg/packagename
directly yields the relevant PDF)
Manual installation
Alternatively you can install TeX Live with the upstream installer, which is packaged as texlive-installerAUR. For more information, see the LaTeX Wikibook and the TeX Live Guide.
Usage
- While texlive-core provides the tlmgr script in TEXMFDIST it is broken. For package installations you can use tllocalmgr instead.
- The texconfig(1) command is mostly broken because it partially depends on tlmgr (FS#59094). The interactive mode of
texconfig
requires dialog.
See the following resources:
- Wikibooks:LaTeX
- The Not So Short Introduction to LaTeX 2ε
- Getting to Grips with LaTeX – Andrew Roberts
- The TeX FAQ
texmf trees and Kpathsea
texmf trees (texmf stands for TeX and Metafont) should follow the TeX Directory Structure, or files may not be found.[2]
TeX Live uses the Kpathsea library to lookup paths by filename across multiple texmf trees and the current working directory.
Kpathsea searches the following variables in the reverse order (later trees override earlier ones).
Variables | Arch default 1) | Used by [3] |
---|---|---|
TEXMFDIST | /usr/share/texmf-dist | files of the original distribution |
TEXMFLOCAL | /usr/local/share/texmf:/usr/share/texmf | administrators for system-wide installation of additional or updated macros, fonts, etc. |
TEXMFSYSVAR | /var/lib/texmf | updmap and fmtutil (user mode) to store (cached) runtime data |
TEXMFSYSCONFIG | /etc/texmf | updmap and fmtutil (user mode) to store modified configuration data |
TEXMFHOME | ~/texmf | users for their own individual installations of additional or updated macros, fonts, etc. |
TEXMFVAR | ~/.texlive/texmf-var | updmap and fmtutil (sys mode) to store (cached) runtime data |
TEXMFCONFIG | ~/.texlive/texmf-config | updmap and fmtutil (sys mode) to store modified configuration data |
TEXMFCACHE | $TEXMFSYSVAR;$TEXMFVAR | ConTeXt MkIV and LuaLaTeX to store (cached) runtime data |
- The default values are defined in
/etc/texmf/web2c/texmf.cnf
[4], they can be overridden with environment variables.
Kpathsea provides the kpsewhich(1) command to lookup paths. When run with the -var
argument it can also print the values of variables.
Kpathsea uses filename databases (ls-R
) to speed up searches in system-wide texmf trees (configured with the TEXMFDBS variable). This means that when system-wide file trees are changed, mktexlsr(1) or texhash
(a symlink) need to be run as root. Fortunately the texlive-core automates this with a pacman hook targeting all default system-wide texmf trees but /usr/local/share/texmf
.[5] So as long as you install system-wide packages via pacman you should not need to run mktexlsr or texhash at all.
Important information
- The ConTeXt formats (for Mark II and IV) are not automatically generated upon installation. See the ConTeXT wiki for instructions on how to do this.
- TeX Live (upstream) now provides a tool for incremental updates of CTAN packages. On that basis, we also plan to update our packages on a regular basis (we have written tools that almost automate that task).
- The way to handle font mappings for updmap(1) was improved in September 2009, and installation should now be much more reliable than in the past. In the meantime, if you encounter error messages about unavailable map files, simply remove them by hand from the
updmap.cfg
file (ideally usingupdmap-sys --edit
). You can also runupdmap-sys --syncwithtrees
to automatically comment out outdated map lines from the config file.
Tips and tricks
Changing default paper size
It is currently impossible to set the default page size, because the Arch package removes the tool necessary for this, see FS#59094.
Usually, you would run the texconfig
command, which is also capable of changing other useful settings.
Making fonts available to Fontconfig
By default, the fonts that come with the various TeX Live packages are not automatically available to Fontconfig. If you want to use them with, say XeTeX or LibreOffice, the easiest approach is to make symlinks as follows:
ln -s /usr/share/texmf-dist/fonts/opentype/public/<some_fonts_you_want> ~/.fonts/OTF/ (or TTF or Type1)
To make them available to fontconfig, run:
fc-cache ~/.fonts mkfontscale ~/.fonts/OTF (or TTF or Type1) mkfontdir ~/.fonts/OTF (or TTF or Type1)
Alternatively, texlive-core contains the file /etc/fonts/conf.avail/09-texlive-fonts.conf
that contains a list of the font directories used by TeX Live. You can use this file with:
# ln -s /etc/fonts/conf.avail/09-texlive-fonts.conf /etc/fonts/conf.d/09-texlive-fonts.conf
And then update fontconfig:
# fc-cache && mkfontscale && mkfontdir
Updating babelbib language definitions
If you have the very specific problem of babelbib not having the latest language definitions that you need, and you do not want to recompile everything, you can get them manually from https://www.tug.org/texlive/devsrc/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/babelbib/ and put them in /usr/share/texmf-dist/tex/latex/babelbib/
. For example:
# cd /usr/share/texmf-dist/tex/latex/babelbib/ # wget https://www.tug.org/texlive/devsrc/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/babelbib/romanian.bdf # wget [...all-other-language-files...] # wget https://www.tug.org/texlive/devsrc/Master/texmf-dist/tex/latex/babelbib/babelbib.sty
Afterwards, you need to run texhash
to update the TeX database:
# texhash
Troubleshooting
Error with "formats not generated" upon update
See FS#16467. (Note that if you do not use the experimental engine LuaTeX, you can ignore this.) This situation typically occurs when the configuration files language.def
and/or language.dat
for hyphenation patterns contain references to files from earlier releases of texlive-core, in particular to the latest experimental hyphenation patterns for German, whose file name changes frequently. Currently they should point to dehyph{n,t}-x-2009-06-19.tex
.
To solve this, you need to either remove these files: /etc/texmf/tex/generic/config/language.{def,dat}
or update them using the newest version under: /usr/share/texmf/tex/generic/config/language.{def,dat}
and then run
# fmtutil-sys --missing
See also
- TeX Live documentation
- The TeX Live Guide (not completely applicable)
- TeX - LaTeX Stack Exchange